,! ,pr9ciples ( ,masonic ,law3 ,a ,treatise on ! ,con/itutional ,laws1 ,usages ,& ,l&m>ks ( ,freemasonry1 ,by ,alb]t ,g4 ,mackey1 ,m4,d41 ,au?or ( ,! ,lexicon ( ,freemasonry1 ,! ,my/ic ,tie1 ,leg5ds & ,traditions ( ,freemasonry1 ,etc41 ,etc41 ,gr& ,lectur] & ,gr& ,secret>y ( ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a2 ,secret>y ,g5]al ( ! ,supreme ,c\ncil ( ! ,anci5t & ,accept$ ,rite = ! ,s\!rn ,jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,etc41 ,etc41 ,etc4 ,e/ enim unum jus1 quo dev9cta e/ hom9um societas1 quod lex con/ituit una2 qu lex e/ recta ratio imp]&i atque prohib5di1 quam qui ignorat is e/ inju/us4 ,cic]o de ,legibus4 c4 ,,xv4 ,new ,york3 ,jno4 ,w4 ,leon>d ,co41 ,masonic ,publi%]s1 #chc ,broadway4 #ahef4 ,ent]$1 accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahee1 by ,jno4 ,w4 ,leon>d ,co41 ,9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ( ,new ,york4 ,to ,bro!r ,j4,j4,j4 ,g\rgas1 ,sov]eign ,gr& ,inspector ,g5]al 9 ! ,supreme ,c\ncil = ! ,nor!rn ,jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,i ,d$icate ,?is ,"w1 ,z a ,slight ,te/imonial ( ,my ,fri5d%ip & ,e/eem = ,him ,z a ,man1 ,& ( ,my ,pr(\nd ,v5]ation = ,8 ,"* ,z a ,mason2 ,^: ,long & ,useful ,life ,has ,be5 ,well ,sp5t 9 ! ,labori\s ,prosecution ( ! ,sci5ce1 ,& ! ,unremitt+ ,cons]vation ( ! ,pr9ciples ( ,our ,sublime ,in/itution4 ,table ( ,cont5ts ,preface ,introduction ,book ,fir/4 ,! ,law ( ,gr& ,lodges4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,hi/orical ,sket*4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,( ! ,mode ( ,organiz+ ,gr& ,lodges4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,( ! ,memb]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,( ! ,(fic]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,section ,,ii4 ,! ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,gr& ,w>d5s4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ! ,gr& ,treasur]4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,gr& ,secret>y4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ! ,gr& ,*apla94 ,section ,,vii4 ,( ! ,gr& ,deacons4 ,section ,,viii4 ,( ! ,gr& ,m>%al4 ,section ,,ix4 ,( ! ,gr& ,/ew>ds4 ,section ,x4 ,( ! ,gr& ,sword-,be>]4 ,section ,,xi4 ,( ! ,gr& ,til]4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,( ! ,p[]s & ,pr]ogatives ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,section ,i4 ,g5]al ,view4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,legislative ,p[] ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,judicial ,p[] ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ! ,executive ,p[] ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,book ,second4 ,laws ( ,subord9ate ,lodges4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,( ! ,nature & ,organization ( ,subord9ate ,lodges4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,( ,lodges "u ,disp5sation4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,( ,lodges ,work+ "u a ,w>rant ( ,con/itution4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,( ! ,(fic]s ( a ,subord9ate ,lodge4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,(fic]s 9 ,g5]al4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,wor%ipful ,ma/]4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,w>d5s4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ! ,treasur]4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,secret>y4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ! ,deacons4 ,section ,,vii4 ,( ! ,/ew>ds4 ,section ,,viii4 ,( ! ,til]4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,( ,rules ( ,ord]4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,ord] ( ,bus9ess4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ,appeals f ! ,decision ( ! ,*air4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,mode ( ,tak+ ! ,"q4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ,adj\rnm5ts4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,appo9tm5t ( ,committees4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ! ,mode ( ,keep+ ! ,m9utes4 ,book ,?ird4 ,! ,law ( ,individuals4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,( ! ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,moral ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,physical ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,intellectual ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ! ,political ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,petition ( ,c&idates = ,admission1 & ! ,action ,!reon4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ,ballot+ = ,c&idates4 ,section ,,vii4 ,( ! ,reconsid]ation ( ! ,ballot4 ,section ,,viii4 ,( ! ,r5ewal ( ,applications by ,reject$ ,c&idates4 ,section ,,ix4 ,( ! ,necess>y ,probation & ,due ,pr(ici5cy ( ,c&idates be=e ,advancem5t ,section ,x4 ,( ,ballot+ = ,c&idates 9 ea* ,degree4 ,section ,,xi4 ,( ! ,numb] to be ,initiat$ at "o ,communication4 ,section ,,xii4 ,( ,f9i%+ ! ,c&idates ( "o ,lodge 9 ano!r4 ,section ,,xiii4 ,( ! ,initiation ( ,non-resid5ts4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,( ! ,rights ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,( ! ,rights ( ,fell[ ,crafts4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,( ! ,rights ( ,ma/] ,masons4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,"r ( ,memb]%ip4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,"r ( ,visit4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,exam9ation ( ,visitors4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ,v\*+ = a ,bro!r4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,"r ( ,claim+ ,relief4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ! ,"r ( ,masonic ,burial4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,( ! ,rights ( ,pa/ ,ma/]s4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,( ,affiliation4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,( ,demitt+4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,( ,unaffiliat$ ,masons4 ,book ,f\r?4 ,( ,masonic ,crimes & ,puni%m5ts4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,( ,:at ,are ,masonic ,crimes4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,( ,masonic ,puni%m5ts4 ,section ,i4 ,( ,c5sure4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ,reprim&4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ,exclusion f ! ,lodge4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ,def9ite ,susp5sion4 ,section ,v4 ,( ,indef9ite ,susp5sion4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ,expulsion4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,( ,masonic ,trials4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,=m ( ,trial4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,evid5ce 9 ,masonic ,trials4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,( ! ,p5al ,jurisdiction ( a ,lodge4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,( ,appeals4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,( ,re/oration4 ,index4 ,footnotes4 ,preface4 ,9 pres5t+ to ! frat]nity a "w on ! ,pr9ciples ( ,masonic ,law1 x is due to ^? = :om x is int5d$1 t some?+ %\ld be said ( ! design ) :i* x has be5 writt51 & ( ! plan on :i* x has be5 compos$4 ,x is n pret5d$ to pres5t to ! craft an encyclop$ia ( jurisprud5ce1 9 :i* e "q t c possibly arise1 9 ! transactions ( a ,lodge1 is decid$ ) an especial ref]5ce to its p>ticul> circum/ances4 ,7 ! accompli%m5t ( su* an h]culean task possible1 except aft] ye>s ( int5se & unremitt+ labor1 ! unwieldy size ( ! book produc$1 & ! het]og5e\s nature ( its cont5ts1 s f> f invit+1 w\ld r t5d to di/ract att5tion1 & ! object ( communicat+ a k ( ! ,pr9ciples ( ,masonic ,law1 w\ld be lo/ 9 ! t$i\s collation ( prec$5ts1 arrang$ )\t sci5tific sy/em1 & enunciat$ )\t explanation4 ,:5 ,i fir/ contemplat$ ! composition ( a "w on ?is subject1 a di/+ui%$ fri5d & ,bro!r1 ^: op9ion ,i mu* respect1 & ) ^: advice ,i am always anxi\s to comply1 unless = ! mo/ satisfactory reasons1 sugge/$ ! exp$i5cy ( collect+ ! decisions ( all ,gr& ,ma/]s1 ,gr& ,lodges1 & o!r masonic au?orities ^u e subject ( ,masonic ,law1 & ( pres5t+ !m1 )\t comm5t>y1 to ! frat]nity4 ,b a brief exam9ation ( ?is me?od1 l$ me to p]ceive t ,i w\ld be ?us con/ruct+ simply a dige/ ( decrees1 _m ( :i* w\ld probably be ! results ( inexp]i5ce1 ( prejudice1 or ( errone\s views ( ! masonic sy/em1 & f :i* ! au?ors !mselves h1 9 repeat$ in/ances1 subsequ5tly rec$$--= ,gr& ,ma/]s & ,gr& ,lodges1 al?\gh entitl$ to great respect1 are n infallible--& ,i c\ld n1 consci5ti\sly1 h cons5t$ to assi/1 )\t any qualify+ rem>k1 9 ! ext5sion & p]petuation ( edicts & op9ions1 :i*1 h[ev] high ! au?ority f :i* !y emanat$1 ,i did n believe to be 9 accordance ) ! pr9ciples ( ,masonic jurisprud5ce4 ,ano!r inconv5i5ce :i* w\ld h att5d$ ! adoption ( su* a me?od is1 t ! decisions ( diff]5t ,gr& ,lodges & ,gr& ,ma/]s are sometimes entirely contradictory on ! same po9ts ( ,masonic ,law4 ,! decree ( "o jurisdiction1 on any p>ticul> "q1 w (t5 be f\nd at v>iance ) t ( ano!r1 :ile a ?ird w diff] f bo?4 ,! consultor ( a "w1 embrac+ )9 its pages su* di/ract+ judgm5ts1 unexpla9$ by comm5t>y1 w\ld be 9 d\bt z to :i* decision he %\ld adopt1 s t com+ to ! inspection ) ! desire ( solv+ a legal "q1 he w\ld be con/ra9$ to close ! volume1 9 utt] despair ( extract+ tru? or in=mation f s confus$ a mass ( contradictions4 ,?is plan ,i !re=e at once ab&on$4 ,b kn[+ t ! jurisprud5ce ( ,masonry is f\nd$1 l all legal sci5ce1 on ab/ract pr9ciples1 :i* gov]n & control its entire sy/em1 ,i deem$ x to be a bett] c\rse to pres5t ^! pr9ciples to my read]s 9 an elem5t>y & me?odical treatise1 & to develop f !m ^? necess>y d$uctions :i* reason & common s5se w\ld ju/ify4 ,h5ce x is t ,i h presum$ to call ?is "w ,! ,pr9ciples ( ,masonic ,law4 ,x is n a code ( enactm5ts1 nor a collection ( /atutes1 nor yet a dige/ ( op9ions2 b simply an elem5t>y treatise1 int5d$ to enable e "o :o consults x1 ) compet5t judgm5t1 & ord9>y intellig5ce1 to trace = himself ! be>+s ( ! law ^u any "q :i* he seeks to inve/igate1 & to =m1 = himself1 a correct op9ion ^u ! m]its ( any p>ticul> case4 ,black/one1 ^: me?od ( tea*+ ,i h endeavor$1 al?\gh ,i confess ab longo int]-vallo1 to pursue1 9 speak+ ( :at an academical exp\nd] ( ! law %\ld d1 says3 ,he %\ld consid] 8 c\rse z a g5]al map ( ! law1 m>k+ out ! %ape ( ! c\ntry1 its connections1 & b\nd>ies1 its great] divisions1 & pr9cipal cities2 x is n 8 bus9ess to describe m9utely ! subord9ate limits1 or to fix ! longitude & latitude ( e inconsid]able hamlet4 ,su* has be5 ! rule t has gov]n$ me 9 ! compilation ( ?is "w4 ,b 9 del9eat+ ?is g5]al map ( ! ,masonic ,law1 ,i h s\ght1 if ,i may cont9ue ! metaphor1 s to def9e b\nd>ies1 & to describe c\ntries1 z to give ! inspector no difficulty 9 locat+ 7to use an ,am]icanism7 any subord9ate po9t4 ,i h treat$1 x is true1 ( pr9ciples1 b ,i h n altoge!r lo/ sight ( cases4 ,!re are c]ta9 fundam5tal laws ( ! ,in/itution1 conc]n+ :i* !re nev] has be5 any dispute1 & :i* h come d[n to u ) all ! sanctions ( antiquity1 & univ]sal acceptation4 ,9 ann\nc+ ^!1 ,i h n always ?\ght x necess>y to def5d _! ju/ice1 or to assign a reason = _! enactm5t4 ,! weight ( unanim\s au?ority has1 9 ^! in/ances1 be5 deem$ suffici5t to entitle !m to respect1 & to ob$i5ce4 ,b on all o!r que/ions1 :]e au?ority is divid$1 or :]e d\bts ( ! correctness ( my decision might arise1 ,i h endeavor$1 by a c\rse ( argum5t z satisfactory z ,i c\ld comm&1 to assign a reason = my op9ions1 & to def5d & en=ce my views1 by a ref]5ce to ! g5]al pr9ciples ( jurisprud5ce1 & ! peculi> "* ( ! masonic sy/em4 ,i ask1 & %\ld receive no def]5ce to my own unsupport$ !ories--z a man1 ,i am1 ( c\rse1 fallible--& may (t5 h decid$ errone\sly4 ,b ,i d claim = my argum5ts all ! weight & influ5ce ( :i* !y may be deem$ wor?y1 aft] an att5tive & unprejudic$ exam9ation4 ,to ^? :o may at fir/ be ready--because ,i d n agree ) all _! preconceiv$ op9ions--to d\bt or d5y my conclusions1 ,i w\ld say1 9 ! language ( ,!mi/ocles1 ,/rike1 b he> me4 ,:atev] may be ! v]dict pass$ ^u my labors by my ,bre?r51 ,i tru/ t "s clem5cy w be ext5d$ to ! errors into :i* ,i may h fall51 = ! sake ( ! object :i* ,i h _h 9 view3 t1 namely1 ( pres5t+ to ! ,craft an elem5t>y "w1 t might enable e ,mason to "k 8 rights1 & to le>n 8 duties4 ,! int5tion 01 und\bt$ly1 a good "o4 ,h[ x has be5 execut$1 x is n = me1 b = ! masonic public to det]m9e4 ,alb]t ,g4 ,mackey4 ,*>le/on1 ,s4,c41 ,janu>y #a/41 #ahef4 ,introduction4 ,! ,au?orities = ,masonic ,law4 ,! laws :i* gov]n ! in/itution ( ,freemasonry are ( two k9ds1 unwritt5 & writt51 & may 9 a mann] be comp>$ ) ! lex non scripta1 or common law1 & ! lex s]ipta1 or /atute law ( ,engli% & ,am]ican juri/s4 ,! lex non scripta1 or unwritt5 law ( ,freemasonry is d]iv$ f ! traditions1 usages & cu/oms ( ! frat]nity z !y h exi/$ f ! remote/ antiquity1 & z !y are univ]sally admitt$ by ! g5]al cons5t ( ! memb]s ( ! ,ord]4 ,9 fact1 we may apply to ^! unwritt5 laws ( ,masonry ! def9ition giv5 by ,black/one ( ! leges non script ( ! ,engli% con/itution--t _! orig9al in/itution & au?ority are n set d[n 9 writ+1 z acts ( p>liam5t are1 b !y receive _! b9d+ p[]1 & ! =ce ( laws1 by long & immemorial usage & by _! univ]sal reception ?r\gh\t ! k+dom4 ,:51 9 ! c\rse ( ?is "w1 ,i ref] to ^! unwritt5 laws z au?ority ^u any po9t1 ,i %all d s "u ! appropriate designation ( anci5t usage4 ,! lex scripta1 or writt5 law ( ,masonry1 is d]iv$ f a v>iety ( s\rces1 & 0 fram$ at diff]5t p]iods4 ,! foll[+ docum5ts ,i deem ( suffici5t au?ority to sub/antiate any pr9ciple1 or to det]m9e any disput$ "q 9 masonic law4 #a4 ,! ,anci5t ,masonic *>ges1 f a manuscript ( ! ,lodge ( ,antiquity1 & said to h be5 writt5 9 ! reign ( ,james ,,ii4#a #b4 ,! regulations adopt$ at ! ,g5]al ,assembly held 9 #affc1 ( :i* ! ,e>l ( ,/4 ,albans 0 ,gr& ,ma/]4#b #c4 ,! int]rogatories prop\nd$ to ! ,ma/] ( a lodge at ! "t ( 8 in/allation1 & :i*1 f _! univ]sal adoption1 )\t alt]ation1 by ! :ole frat]nity1 are und\bt$ly to be consid]$ z a "p ( ! fundam5tal law ( ,masonry4 #d4 ,! ,*>ges ( a ,freemason1 extract$ f ! ,anci5t ,records ( ,lodges beyond sea1 & ( ^? 9 ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 & ,irel&1 = ! use ( ! ,lodges 9 ,london1 pr9t$ 9 ! fir/ edition ( ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1 & to be f\nd f p4 #di to p4 #ef ( t "w4#c #e4 ,! ?irty-n9e ,g5]al ,regulations1 adopt$ at ! annual assembly & fea/ held at ,/ation]s' hall on ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/'s day1 #agba1 & :i* 7 publi%$ 9 ! fir/ edition ( ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1 p4 #eh to p4 #f4 ,! subsequ5t regulations adopt$ at v>i\s annual communications by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 up to ! ye> #agfi1 & publi%$ 9 diff]5t editions ( ! ,book ( ,con/itutions4 ,^!1 al?\gh n ( su* p>am\nt importance & univ]sal acceptation z ! ,old ,*>ges & ! ,?irty-n9e ,regulations1 are1 nev]!less1 ( great value z ! means ( settl+ _m disput$ que/ions1 by %[+ :at 0 ! law & usage ( ! frat]nity at ! times 9 :i* !y 7 adopt$4 ,soon aft] ! publication ( ! edition ( #agfi ( ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1 ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ,am]ica began to sep>ate f _! ,engli% p>5t & to organize indep5d5t jurisdictions4 ,f t p]iod1 ! regulations adopt$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& ceas$ to h any b9d+ efficacy ov] ! craft 9 ?is c\ntry1 :ile ! laws pass$ by ! ,am]ican ,gr& ,lodges lo/ ! "* ( g5]al regulations1 & 7 inve/$ only ) local au?ority 9 _! sev]al jurisdictions4 ,be=e conclud+ ?is introductory section1 x may be deem$ necess>y t some?+ %\ld be said ( ! ,anci5t ,l&m>ks ( ! ,ord]1 to :i* ref]5ce is s (t5 made4 ,v>i\s def9itions h be5 giv5 ( ! l&m>ks4 ,"s suppose !m to be con/itut$ ( all ! rules & regulations :i* 7 9 exi/5ce ant]ior to ! revival ( ,masonry 9 #agag1 & :i* 7 confirm$ & adopt$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& at t "t4 ,o!rs1 m /r+5t 9 _! def9ition1 re/rict !m to ! modes ( recognition 9 use among ! frat]nity4 ,i am dispos$ to adopt a middle c\rse1 & to def9e ! ,l&m>ks ( ,masonry to be1 all ^? usages & cu/oms ( ! craft--:e!r ritual or legislative--:e!r !y relate to =ms & c]emonies1 or to ! organization ( ! society--:i* h exi/$ f "t immemorial1 & ! alt]ation or abolition ( :i* w\ld mat]ially affect ! di/9ctive "* ( ! in/itution or de/roy its id5tity4 ,?us1 = example1 among ! legislative l&m>ks1 ,i w\ld enum]ate ! (fice ( ,gr& ,ma/] z ! presid+ (fic] ov] ! craft1 & among ! ritual l&m>ks1 ! leg5d ( ! ?ird degree4 ,b ! laws1 enact$ f "t to "t by ,gr& ,lodges = _! local gov]nm5t1 no matt] h[ old !y may be1 d n con/itute l&m>ks1 & may1 at any "t1 be alt]$ or expung$1 s9ce ! #ci? regulation decl>es expressly t e annual ,gr& ,lodge has an inh]5t p[] & au?ority to make new regulations or to alt] ^! 7viz41 ! ?irty-n9e articles7 = ! real b5efit ( ?is anci5t frat]nity1 provid$ always t ! old l&m>ks be c>efully pres]v$4 ,book ,fir/ ,! ,law ( ,gr& ,lodges4 ,x is propos$ 9 ?is ,book1 fir/ to pres5t ! read] ) a brief hi/orical sket* ( ! rise & progress ( ! sy/em ( ,gr& ,lodges2 & !n to expla91 9 ! subsequ5t sections1 ! mode 9 :i* su* bodies are orig9ally organiz$1 :o con/itute _! (fic]s & memb]s1 & :at are _! ackn[l$g$ pr]ogatives4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,hi/orical ,sket*4 ,gr& ,lodges "u _! pres5t organization1 are1 9 respect to ! antiquity ( ! ,ord]1 ( a comp>atively mod]n date4 ,we he> ( no su* bodies 9 ! e>li] ages ( ! in/itution4 ,tradition in=ms u1 t orig9ally x 0 gov]n$ by ! despotic au?ority ( a few *iefs4 ,at ! build+ ( ! temple1 we h reason to believe t ,k+ ,solomon ex]cis$ an unlimit$ & irresponsible control ov] ! craft1 al?\gh a tradition 7n1 h[ev]1 ( und\bt$ au?ority7 says t he 0 assi/$ 9 8 gov]nm5t by ! c\nsel ( twelve sup]9t5dants1 select$ f ! twelve tribes ( ,israel4 ,b we "k too little1 f au!ntic mat]ials1 ( ! precise sy/em adopt$ at t remote p]iod1 to enable u to make any hi/orical d$uctions on ! subject4 ,! fir/ hi/orical notice t we h ( ! =mation ( a supreme controll+ body ( ! frat]nity1 is 9 ! ,go?ic ,con/itutions#d :i* ass]t t1 9 ! ye> #bhg1 ,/4 ,alban1 ! protom>tyr ( ,engl&1 :o 0 a zeal\s patron ( ! craft1 obta9$ f ,c>ausius1 ! ,briti% ,emp]or1 a *>t] = ! ,masons to hold a g5]al c\ncil1 & gave x ! "n ( assembly4 ,! record fur!r /ates1 t ,/4 ,alban att5d$ ! meet+ & assi/$ 9 mak+ ,masons1 giv+ !m good *>ges & regulations4 ,we "k n1 h[ev]1 :e!r ?is assembly ev] met aga92 & if x did1 = h[ _m ye>s x cont9u$ to exi/4 ,! subsequ5t hi/ory ( ,freemasonry is entirely sil5t on ! subject4 ,! next g5]al assemblage ( ! craft1 ( :i* ! records ( ,freemasonry in=m u1 0 t conv5$ 9 #ibf1 at ! city ( ,york1 9 ,engl&1 by ,pr9ce ,edw91 ! bro!r ( ,k+ ,a!l/ane1 & ! gr&son ( ,alfr$ ! ,great4 ,?is1 we say1 0 ! next g5]al assemblage1 because ! ,a%mole manuscript1 :i* 0 de/roy$ at ! revival ( ,freemasonry 9 #agag1 is said to h /at$ t1 at t "t1 ! ,pr9ce obta9$ f 8 bro!r1 ! k+1 a p]mission = ! craft to hold a ye>ly communication & a g5]al assembly4 ,! fact t su* a p[] ( meet+ 0 !n grant$1 is conclusive t x did n be=e exi/3 & w\ld seem to prove t ! assemblies ( ! craft1 au?oris$ by ! *>t] ( ,c>ausius1 _h long s9ce ceas$ to be held4 ,?is ye>ly communication did n1 h[ev]1 con/itute1 at lea/ 9 ! s5se we n[ und]/& x1 a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! "n giv5 to x 0 t ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ,masons4 ,x 0 n re/rict$1 z n[1 to ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( ! subord9ate lodges1 act+ 9 ! capacity ( delegates or repres5tatives1 b 0 compos$1 z ,pre/on has obs]v$1 ( z _m ( ! frat]nity at l>ge z1 be+ )9 a conv5i5t di/ance1 c\ld att5d once or twice a ye>1 "u ! auspices ( "o g5]al head1 :o 0 elect$ & in/all$ at "o ( ^! meet+s1 & :o1 = ! "t be+1 receiv$ homage z ! gov]nor ( ! :ole body4 ,any ,bre?r5 :o 7 compet5t to dis*>ge ! duty1 7 all[$1 by ! regulations ( ! ,ord]1 to op5 & hold lodges at _! discretion1 at su* times & places z 7 mo/ conv5i5t to !m1 & )\t ! necessity ( :at we n[ call a ,w>rant ( ,con/itution1 & !n & !re to initiate memb]s into ! ,ord]4#e ,to ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 h[ev]1 all ! craft1 )\t di/9ction1 7 p]mitt$ to repair2 ea* ,mason pres5t 0 entitl$ to take "p 9 ! delib]ations1 & ! rules & regulations enact$ 7 ! result ( ! votes ( ! :ole body4 ,! ,g5]al ,assembly 01 9 fact1 precisely simil> to ^? political congregations :i*1 9 our mod]n phraseology1 we t]m mass meet+s4 ,^! annual mass meet+s or ,g5]al ,assemblies cont9u$ to be held1 = _m c5turies aft] _! fir/ e/abli%m5t1 at ! city ( ,york1 & 71 dur+ all t p]iod1 ! supreme judicatory ( ! frat]nity4 ,!re are frequ5t ref]5ces to ! annual assemblies ( ,freemasons 9 public docum5ts4 ,! preamble to an act pass$ 9 #adbe1 dur+ ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,vi41 j five c5turies aft] ! meet+ at ,york1 /ates t1 by ! ye>ly congregations & conf$]acies made by ! ,masons 9 _! g5]al assemblies1 ! good c\rse & effect ( ! /atute ( labor]s 7 op5ly violat$ & brok54 ,?is act :i* =bade su* meet+s1 01 h[ev]1 nev] put 9 =ce2 = an old record1 quot$ 9 ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1 speaks ( ! ,bro!rhood hav+ frequ5t$ ?is mutual assembly1 9 #adcd1 9 ! reign ( ! same k+4 ,we h ano!r record ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 :i* 0 held 9 ,york on ! #bg? ,decemb]1 #aefa1 :5 ,que5 ,elizabe?1 :o 0 suspici\s ( _! secrecy1 s5t an arm$ =ce to dissolve ! meet+4 ,a copy is /ill pres]v$ ( ! regulations :i* 7 adopt$ by a simil> assembly held 9 #affc1 on ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/2 & 9 ^! regulations x is decl>$ t ! private lodges %all give an acc\nt ( all _! acceptations made dur+ ! ye> to ! ,g5]al ,assembly4 ,ano!r regulation1 h[ev]1 adopt$ at ! same "t1 /ill m explicitly ackn[l$ges ! exi/5ce ( a ,g5]al ,assembly z ! gov]n+ body ( ! frat]nity4 ,x is !re provid$1 t = ! future1 ! said frat]nity ( ,freemasons %all be regulat$ & gov]n$ by "o ,gr& ,ma/] & z _m ,w>d5s z ! said society %all ?9k fit to appo9t at e ,annual ,g5]al ,assembly4 ,& ?us ! int]e/s ( ! in/itution cont9u$1 until ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 or = ne>ly eight hundr$ ye>s1 to be entru/$ to ^? ,g5]al ,assemblies ( ! frat]nity1 :o1 )\t di/9ction ( rank or (fice1 annually met at ,york to legislate = ! gov]nm5t ( ! craft4 ,b 9 #agag1 a new organization ( ! gov]n+ head 0 adopt$1 :i* gave bir? to ! e/abli%m5t ( a ,gr& ,lodge1 9 ! =m 9 :i* ^! bodies n[ exi/4 ,s important a p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( ,masonry dem&s our special att5tion4 ,aft] ! dea?1 9 #agjb1 ( ,k+ ,william1 :o 0 himself a ,mason1 & a great patron ( ! craft1 ! in/itution began to langui%1 ! lodges decreas$ 9 numb]1 & ! ,g5]al ,assembly 0 entirely neglect$ = _m ye>s4 ,a few old lodges cont9u$1 x is true1 to meet regul>ly1 b !y consi/$ ( only a few memb]s4 ,at l5g?1 on ! accession ( ,george ,i41 ! ,masons ( ,london & its vic9ity det]m9$ to revive ! annual communications ( ! society4 ,!re 7 at t "t only f\r lodges 9 ! s\? ( ,engl&1 & ! memb]s ( ^!1 ) sev]al old ,bre?r51 met 9 ,febru>y1 #agag1 at ! ,apple ,tree ,tav]n1 9 ,*>les /reet1 ,cov5t ,g>d51 & organiz$ by putt+ ! olde/ ,ma/] ,mason1 :o 0 ! ,ma/] ( a lodge1 9 ! *air2 !y !n con/itut$ !mselves into :at ,&]son calls1 a ,gr& ,lodge pro tempore2 resolv$ to hold ! annual assembly & fea/1 & !n to *oose a ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,accord+ly1 on ! #bd? ( ,june1 #agag1 ! assembly & fea/ 7 held2 & ! olde/ ,ma/] ( a lodge be+ 9 ! *air1 a li/ ( c&idates 0 pres5t$1 out ( :i* ,mr4 ,an?ony ,say] 0 elect$ ,gr& ,ma/]1 & ,capt4 ,joseph ,elliott & ,mr4 ,jacob ,lamball1 ,gr& ,w>d5s4 ,! ,gr& ,ma/] !n comm&$ ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( lodges to meet ! ,gr& ,(fic]s e qu>t]1 9 communication1 at ! place he %\ld appo9t 9 8 summons s5t by ! ,til]4 ,?is 01 !n1 und\bt$ly1 ! comm5cem5t ( t organization ( ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( lodges into a ,gr& ,lodge1 :i* has ev] s9ce cont9u$ to exi/4 ,! frat]nity at l>ge1 h[ev]1 /ill cont9u$ to claim ! "r ( be+ pres5t at ! annual assembly2 &1 9 fact1 at t meet+1 _! punctual att5dance at ! next annual assembly & fea/ 0 recomm5d$4 ,at ! same meet+1 x 0 resolv$ t ! privilege ( assembl+ z ,masons1 :i* _h be5 hi!rto unlimit$1 %\ld be ve/$ 9 c]ta9 lodges or assemblies ( ,masons conv5$ 9 c]ta9 places2 & t e lodge to be h]eaft] conv5$1 except ! f\r old lodges at ?is "t exi/+1 %\ld be legally au?oriz$ to act by a w>rant f ! ,gr& ,ma/] = ! "t be+1 grant$ to c]ta9 individuals by petition1 ) ! cons5t & approbation ( ! ,gr& ,lodge 9 communication2 & t1 )\t su* w>rant1 no lodge %\ld be h]eaft] deem$ regul> or con/itutional4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is regulation1 sev]al new lodges receiv$ ,w>rants ( ,con/itution1 & _! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s 7 ord]$ to att5d ! communications ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! ,bre?r5 at l>ge ve/$ all _! privileges 9 ! f\r old lodges1 9 tru/ t !y w\ld nev] suff] ! old *>ges & l&m>ks to be infr+$2 & ! old lodges1 9 return1 agre$ t ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( e new lodge t might be con/itut$1 %\ld be p]mitt$ to %>e ) !m all ! privileges ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 except prec$5ce ( rank4 ,! ,bre?r51 says ,pre/on1 consid]$ _! fur!r att5dance at ! meet+s ( ! society unnecess>y aft] ^! regulations 7 adopt$2 & !re=e tru/$ implicitly to _! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s = ! gov]nm5t ( ! craft2 & !nce=w>d ! ,gr& ,lodge has be5 compos$ ( all ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( ! subord9ate lodges :i* con/itute ! jurisdiction4 ,! anci5t "r ( ! craft1 h[ev]1 to take a "p 9 ! proce$+s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge or ,annual ,assembly1 0 fully ackn[l$g$ by a new regulation1 adopt$ ab\t ! same "t1 9 :i* x is decl>$ t all alt]ations ( ! ,con/itutions mu/ be propos$ & agre$ to1 at ! ?ird qu>t]ly communication prec$+ ! annual fea/1 & be (f]$ also to ! p]usal ( all ! ,bre?r5 be=e d9n]1 ev5 ( ! y\nge/ ,ent]$ ,appr5tice#f ,?is regulation has1 h[ev]1 7,i "k n by :at "r17 become obsolete1 & ! ,annual ,assembly ( ,masons has long ceas$ to be held2 ! ,gr& ,lodges hav+1 s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 assum$ ! =m & organization :i* !y /ill pres]ve1 z /rictly repres5tative bodies4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,( ! ,mode ( ,organiz+ ,gr& ,lodges4 ,! topic to be discuss$ 9 ?is section is1 ! answ] to ! "q1 ,h[ %all a ,gr& ,lodge be e/abli%$ 9 any /ate or c\ntry :]e su* a body has n previ\sly exi/$1 b :]e !re are subord9ate lodges work+ "u ,w>rants d]iv$ f ,gr& ,lodges 9 o!r /ates8 ,9 answ]+ ?is "q1 x seems prop] t ,i %\ld adv]t to ! c\rse pursu$ by ! orig9al ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 at its e/abli%m5t 9 #agag1 z f t body ne>ly all ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ! ,york rite n[ 9 exi/5ce d]ive _! au?ority1 ei!r directly or indirectly1 & ! mode ( its organization has1 !re=e1 univ]sally be5 admitt$ to h be5 regul> & legitimate4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is ess5tially requisite t ! active exi/5ce ( subord9ate lodges 9 a /ate %\ld prec$e ! =mation ( a ,gr& ,lodge2 = ! =m] are ! only legitimate s\rces ( ! latt]4 ,a mass meet+ ( ,masons _c assemble & organize a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,a c]ta9 numb] ( lodges1 hold+ legal w>rants f a ,gr& ,lodge or f diff]5t ,gr& ,lodges1 mu/ meet by _! repres5tatives & proce$ to ! =mation ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,:5 t process has be5 accompli%$1 ! subord9ate lodges return ! w>rants1 "u :i* !y _h !ret(ore work$1 to ! ,gr& ,lodges f :i* !y _h orig9ally receiv$ !m1 & take new ones f ! body :i* !y h =m$4 ,t a mass meet+ ( ! frat]nity ( any /ate is incompet5t to organize a ,gr& ,lodge has be5 def9itively settl$--n only by g5]al usage1 b by ! express action ( ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :i* refus$ to recognize1 9 #ahdb1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,mi*igan :i* _h be5 ?us irregul>ly e/abli%$ 9 ! prec$+ ye>4 ,t unrecogniz$ body 0 !n dissolv$ by ! ,bre?r5 ( ,mi*igan1 :o proce$$ to e/abli% f\r subord9ate lodges "u ,w>rants grant$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,new ,york4 ,^! f\r lodges subsequ5tly met 9 conv5tion & organiz$ ! pres5t ,gr& ,lodge ( ,mi*igan 9 a regul> mann]4 ,x seems1 h[ev]1 to h be5 settl$ 9 ! case ( ,v]mont1 t :]e a ,gr& ,lodge has be5 dormant = _m ye>s1 & all ( its subord9ates ext9ct1 yet if any ( ! ,gr& ,(fic]s1 la/ elect$1 survive & are pres5t1 !y may revive ! ,gr& ,lodge & proce$ con/itutionally to ! ex]cise ( its pr]ogatives4 ,! next inquiry is1 z to ! numb] ( lodges requir$ to organize a new ,gr& ,lodge4 ,dal*o says t five lodges are necess>y2 & 9 ?is op9ion he is support$ by ! ,ahiman ,rezon ( ,p5nsylvania1 publi%$ 9 #aghc by ,william ,smi?1 ,d4,d41 at t "t ! ,gr& ,secret>y ( t jurisdiction1 & also by "s o!r au?orities4 ,b no su* regulation is to be f\nd 9 ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1 :i* is n[ admitt$ to conta9 ! fundam5tal law ( ! in/itution4 ,inde$1 its adoption w\ld h be5 a condemnation ( ! legality ( ! ,"m ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 :i* 0 =m$ 9 #agag by ! union ( only f\r lodges4 ,! rule1 h[ev]1 is to be f\nd 9 ! ,ahiman ,rezon ( ,laur5ce ,d]mott1 :i* 0 adopt$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,anci5t ,freemasons1 t sec$$ f ! lawful ,gr& ,lodge 9 #agch4 ,b z t body 0 und\bt$ly1 "u our pres5t views ( masonic law1 s*ismatic & illegal1 its regulations h nev] be5 consid]$ by masonic writ]s z be+ possess$ ( any au?ority4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any writt5 law ^u ! subject1 we are compell$ to look to prec$5t = au?ority2 &1 al?\gh ! ,gr& ,lodges 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates h seldom be5 e/abli%$ ) a repres5tation ( less ?an f\r lodges1 ! fact t t ( ,texas 0 organiz$ 9 #ahcg by ! repres5tatives ( only ?ree lodges1 & t ! ,gr& ,lodge ?us in/itut$ 0 at once recogniz$ z legal & regul> by all its si/] ,gr& ,lodges1 seems to settle ! "q t ?ree subord9ates are suffici5t to in/itute a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,?ree lodges1 !re=e1 9 any t]ritory :]e a ,gr& ,lodge does n already exi/1 may unite 9 conv5tion & organize a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,x w !n be necess>y1 t ^! lodges %\ld surr5d] ! w>rants "u :i* !y _h be5 previ\sly work+1 & take out new w>rants f ! ,gr& ,lodge :i* !y h con/itut$2 &1 f t "t =?1 all masonic au?ority is ve/$ 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge ?us =m$4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge hav+ be5 ?us con/itut$1 ! next inquiries t sugge/ !mselves are z to its memb]s & its (fic]s1 ea* ( :i* que/ions w occupy a di/9ct discussion4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,( ! ,memb]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,x is an indisputable fact t ! ,g5]al ,assembly :i* met at ,york 9 #ibf 0 compos$ ( all ! memb]s ( ! frat]nity :o *ose to repair to x2 & x is equally c]ta9 t1 at ! fir/ ,gr& ,lodge1 held 9 #agag1 aft] ! revival ( ,masonry1 all ! craft :o 7 pres5t ex]cis$ ! "r ( memb]%ip 9 vot+ = ,gr& ,(fic]s1#g & mu/1 !re=e1 h be5 consid]$ memb]s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! "r does n1 h[ev]1 appe> to h be5 aft]w>ds claim$4 ,at ?is v assembly1 ! ,gr& ,ma/] :o _h be5 elect$1 summon$ only ! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s ( ! lodges to meet him 9 ! qu>t]ly communications2 & ,pre/on di/9ctly /ates1 t soon aft]1 ! ,bre?r5 ( ! f\r old lodges1 :i* _h con/itut$ ! ,gr& ,lodge1 consid]$ _! att5dance on ! future communications ( ! society unnecess>y1 & !re=e concurr$ ) ! lodges :i* _h be5 subsequ5tly w>rant$ 9 delegat+ ! p[] ( repres5tation to _! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s1 re/+ satisfi$ t no measure ( importance w\ld be adopt$ )\t _! approbation4 ,any d\bts ^u ! subject 71 h[ev]1 soon put at re/ by ! enactm5t ( a positive law4 ,9 #agba1 ?irty-n9e articles = ! future gov]nm5t ( ! craft 7 approv$ & confirm$1 ! twelf? ( :i* 0 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,! ,gr& ,lodge consi/s (1 & is =m$ by1 ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( all ! regul> p>ticul> lodges ^u record1 ) ! ,gr& ,ma/] at _! head1 & 8 ,deputy on 8 left h&1 & ! ,gr& ,w>d5s 9 _! prop] places4 ,f "t to "t1 ! numb] ( ^! con/itu5ts ( a ,gr& ,lodge 7 increas$ by ! ext5sion ( ! qualifications = memb]%ip4 ,?us1 9 #agbd1 ,pa/ ,gr& ,ma/]s1 & 9 #agbe1 ,pa/ ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]s1 7 admitt$ z memb]s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,f9ally x 0 decre$ t ! ,gr& ,lodge %\ld consi/ ( ! f\r pres5t & all pa/ gr& (fic]s2 ! ,gr& ,treasur]1 ,secret>y1 & ,sword-,be>]2 ! ,ma/]1 ,w>d5s1 & n9e assi/ants ( ! ,gr& ,/ew>ds' lodge1 & ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( all ! regul> lodges4 ,pa/ ,ma/]s 7 n at fir/ admitt$ z memb]s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,!re is no recognition ( !m 9 ! old ,con/itutions4 ,walwor? ?9ks x mu/ h be5 aft] #aggb t !y 7 introduc$4#h ,i h ext5d$ my rese>*es to "s ye>s beyond t p]iod1 )\t any success 9 f9d+ _! recognition z memb]s "u ! ,con/itution ( ,engl&4 ,x is true t1 9 #aggb1 ,d]mott prefix$ a note to 8 edition ( ! ,ahiman ,rezon1 9 :i* he ass]ts t ,pa/ ,ma/]s ( w>rant$ lodges on record are all[$ ?is privilege 7( memb]%ip7 :il/ !y cont9ue to be memb]s ( any regul> lodge4 ,& x is1 d\btless1 on ?is imp]fect au?ority1 t ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ,am]ica began at s e>ly a p]iod to admit _! ,pa/ ,ma/]s to seats 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,9 ! au?oriz$ ,book ( ,con/itutions1 we f9d no su* provision4 ,inde$1 ,pre/on records t 9 #ahjh1 at ! lay+ ( ! f\ndation-/one ( ! ,cov5t ,g>d5 ,!atre1 by ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 z ,gr& ,ma/]1 ! ,gr& ,lodge 0 op5$ by ,*>les ,m>%1 ,esq41 att5d$ by ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( all ! regul> lodges2 &1 ?r\gh\t ! description ( ! c]emonies1 no notice is tak5 ( ,pa/ ,ma/]s z =m+ any "p ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! fir/ notice t we h be5 enabl$ to obta9 ( ,pa/ ,ma/]s1 z =m+ any "p ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 is 9 ! ,articles ( ,union betwe5 ! two ,gr& ,lodges ( ,engl&1 adopt$ 9 #ahac1 :i* decl>e t ! ,gr& ,lodge %all consi/ ( ! ,gr& & ,pa/ ,gr& ,(fic]s1 ( ! actual ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( all ! w>rant$ lodges1 & ( ! ,pa/ ,ma/]s ( ,lodges :o h regul>ly s]v$ & pass$ ! *air be=e ! day ( ,union1 & :o cont9u$1 )\t secession1 regul> contribut+ memb]s ( a w>rant$ lodge4 ,b x is provid$1 t aft] ! decease ( all ^! anci5t ,pa/ ,ma/]s1 ! repres5tation ( e lodge %all consi/ ( its ,ma/] & ,w>d5s1 & "o ,pa/ ,ma/] only4 ,!re is1 ,i presume1 no d\bt t1 f #aggb1 ,pa/ ,ma/]s _h held a seat 9 ! ,a?ol ,gr& ,lodge ( ,anci5t ,masons1 & t !y did n 9 ! orig9al ,gr& ,lodge1 is1 ,i believe1 a fact equally indisputable4 ,by ! pres5t con/itutions ( ! ,unit$ ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 ,pa/ ,ma/]s are memb]s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :ile !y cont9ue subscrib+ memb]s ( a private lodge4 ,9 "s ( ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,pa/ ,ma/]s h be5 p]mitt$ to reta9 _! memb]%ip1 :ile 9 o!rs1 !y h be5 disfran*is$4 ,on ! :ole1 ! result ( ?is inquiry seems to be1 t ,pa/ ,ma/]s h no inh]5t "r1 d]iv$ f ! anci5t l&m>ks1 to a seat 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge2 b z e ,gr& ,lodge has ! p[]1 )9 c]ta9 limits1 to make regulations = its own gov]nm5t1 x may or may n admit !m to memb]%ip1 accord+ to its own notion ( exp$i5cy4 ,"s ( ! ,gr& ,lodges h n only disfran*is$ ,pa/ ,ma/]s b ,w>d5s also1 & re/rict$ memb]%ip only to act+ ,ma/]s4 ,?is innovation has aris5 f ! fact t ! paym5t ( mileage & exp5ses to ?ree repres5tative w\ld entail a heavy burd5 on ! rev5ue ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! reason may h be5 imp]ative2 b 9 ! practice1 pecuni>y exp$i5cy has be5 made to ov]ride an anci5t usage4 ,9 det]m9+1 !n1 :o are ! con/itutional memb]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge1 d]iv+ _! memb]%ip f inh]5t "r1 ,i %\ld say t !y are ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( all regul> lodges 9 ! jurisdiction1 ) ! ,gr& ,(fic]s *os5 by !m4 ,all o!rs1 :o by local regulations are made memb]s1 are s only by c\rtesy1 & n by prescription or anci5t law4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,( ! ,(fic]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! (fic]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge may be divid$ into two classes1 ess5tial & accid5tal1 or1 z !y are m usually call$1 ,gr& & ,subord9ate4 ,! =m] ( ^! classes are1 z ! "n imports1 ess5tial to ! composition ( a ,gr& ,lodge1 & are to be f\nd 9 e jurisdiction1 hav+ exi/$ f ! e>lie/ times4 ,!y are ! ,gr& & ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]s1 ! ,gr& ,w>d5s1 ,gr& ,treasur]1 & ,gr& ,secret>y4 ,! ,gr& ,*apla9 is also enum]at$ among ! ,gr& ,(fic]s1 b ! (fice is ( comp>atively mod]n date4 ,! subord9ate (fic]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge consi/ ( ! ,deacons1 ,m>%al1 ,pursuivant1 or ,sword-,be>]1 ,/ew>ds1 & o!rs1 ^: titles & duties v>y 9 diff]5t jurisdictions4 ,i %all devote a sep>ate section to ! consid]ation ( ! duties ( ea* & pr]ogatives ( ^! (fic]s4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,! (fice ( ,gr& ,ma/] ( ,masons has exi/$ f ! v orig9 ( ! in/itution2 = x has always be5 necess>y t ! frat]nity %\ld h a presid+ head4 ,!re h be5 p]iods 9 ! hi/ory ( ! in/itution :5 nei!r ,deputies nor ,gr& ,w>d5s are m5tion$1 b !re is no "t 9 its exi/5ce :5 x 0 )\t a ,gr& ,ma/]2 & h5ce ,pre/on1 :ile speak+ ( t remote era 9 :i* ! frat]nity 0 gov]n$ by a ,g5]al ,assembly1 says t ?is ,g5]al ,assembly or ,gr& ,lodge 0 n !n re/rict$1 z x is n[ und]/ood to be1 to ! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( private lodges1 ) ! ,gr& ,ma/] & 8 ,w>d5s at _! head2 x consi/$ ( z _m ( ! ,frat]nity at l>ge z1 be+ )9 a conv5i5t di/ance1 c\ld att5d1 once or twice 9 a ye>1 "u ! auspices ( "o g5]al head1 :o 0 elect$ & in/all$ at "o ( ^! meet+s2 & :o = ! "t be+ receiv$ homage z ! sole gov]nor ( ! :ole body4#i ,! (fice is "o ( great hon\r z well z p[]1 & has g5]ally be5 conf]r$ ^u "s individual di/+ui%$ by an influ5tial position 9 society2 s t 8 rank & "* might reflect cr$it ^u ! craft4#aj ,! ,gr& ,ma/]%ip is an elective (fice1 ! election be+ annual & accompani$ ) impressive c]emonies ( proclamation & homage made to him by ! :ole craft4 ,uni=m usage1 z well z ! explicit decl>ation ( ! ,g5]al ,regulations1#aa seems to require t he %\ld be in/all$ by ! la/ ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,b 9 8 abs5ce ! ,deputy or "s ,pa/ ,gr& ,ma/] may ex]cise ! functions ( in/allation or inve/iture4 ,9 ! organization ( a new ,gr& ,lodge1 anci5t prec$5t & ! necessity ( ! ?+ w au?orize ! p]=mance ( ! in/allation by ! ,ma/] ( ! olde/ lodge pres5t1 :o1 h[ev]1 ex]cises1 pro hac vice1 ! pr]ogatives & assumes ! place ( a ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,! ,gr& ,ma/] possesses a great v>iety ( pr]ogatives1 "s ( :i* are d]iv$ f ! lex non scripta1 or anci5t usage2 & o!rs f ! writt5 or /atute law ( ,masonry4#ab ,i4 ,he has ! "r to conv5e ! ,gr& ,lodge :5ev] he pleases1 & to preside ov] its delib]ation4 ,9 ! decision ( all que/ions by ! ,gr& ,lodge he is entitl$ to two votes4 ,?is is a privilege secur$ to him by ,article ,,xii4 ( ! ,g5]al ,regulations4 ,x seems n[ to be settl$1 by anci5t usage z well z ! express$ op9ion ( ! g5]ality ( ,gr& ,lodges & ( masonic writ]s1 t !re is no appeal f 8 decision4 ,9 ,june1 #ahdi1 ! ,gr& ,ma/] ( ,new ,york1 ,bro4 ,willi>d1 decl>$ an appeal to be out ( ord] & refus$ to submit x to ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! proce$+s on t ev5tful occasion h be5 freely discuss$ by ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & none ( !m h condemn$ ! act ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 :ile sev]al h su/a9$ x 9 express t]ms4 ,an appeal1 say ! ,committee ( ,correspond5ce ( ,m>yl&1 f ! decision ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] is an anomaly at w> ) e pr9ciple ( ,freemasonry1 & z su*1 n = a mom5t to be tol]at$ or c\nt5anc$4#ac ,?is op9ion is also su/a9$ by ! ,committee ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,florida 9 ! ye> #ahea1 & at v>i\s times by o!r ,gr& ,lodges4 ,on ! o!r h&1 sev]al ,gr& ,lodges h made decisions adv]se to ?is pr]ogative1 & ! pres5t regulations ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& seem1 by a fair int]pretation ( _! phraseology1 to admit ( an appeal f ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,/ill ! g5]al op9ion ( ! craft 9 ?is c\ntry appe>s to su/a9 ! doctr9e1 t no appeal c be made f ! decision ( t (fic]4 ,& ?is doctr9e has d]iv$ mu* support 9 ! way ( analogy f ! report adopt$ by ! ,g5]al ,gr& ,*apt] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 decl>+ t no appeal c\ld lie f ! decision ( ! presid+ (fic] ( any ,royal ,ar* body4 ,s9ce we h enunciat$ ?is doctr9e z masonic law1 ! "q next arises1 9 :at mann] %all ! ,gr& ,ma/] be puni%$1 %\ld he abuse 8 great pr]ogative8 ,! answ] to ?is "q admits ( no d\bt4 ,x is to be f\nd 9 a regulation1 adopt$ 9 #agba1 by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 & is 9 ^! words3--,if ! ,gr& ,ma/] %\ld abuse 8 great p[]1 & r5d] himself unwor?y ( ! ob$i5ce & submission ( ! ,lodges1 he %all be treat$ 9 a way & mann] to be agre$ ^u 9 a new regulation4 ,b ! same s]ies ( regulations v explicitly prescribe1 h[ ?is new regulation is to be made2 namely1 x is to be propos$ & agre$ to at ! ?ird qu>t]ly communication prec$+ ! annual ,gr& ,fea/1 & (f]$ to ! p]usal ( all ! ,bre?r5 be=e d9n]1 9 writ+1 ev5 ( ! y\nge/ ent]$ appr5tice2 ! approbation & cons5t ( ! majority ( all ! ,bre?r5 pres5t be+ absolutely necess>y1 to make ! same b9d+ & obligatory4#ad ,?is mode ( mak+ a new regulation is explicitly & positively prescrib$--x c be done 9 no o!r way--& ^? :o accept ! old regulations z ! law ( ,masonry1 mu/ accept ?is provision ) !m4 ,?is w1 9 ! pres5t organization ( _m ,gr& ,lodges1 r5d] x almo/ impracticable to make su* a new regulation1 9 :i* case ! ,gr& ,ma/] mu/ rema9 exempt f o!r puni%m5t = 8 misde$s1 ?an t :i* arises f 8 own consci5ce1 & ! loss ( 8 ,bre?r5's reg>d & e/eem4 ,,ii4 ,! p[] ( grant+ disp5sations is "o ( ! mo/ important pr]ogatives ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,a disp5sation may be def9$ to be an exemption f ! obs]vance ( "s law or ! p]=mance ( "s duty4 ,9 ,masonry1 no "o has ! au?ority to grant ?is exemption1 except ! ,gr& ,ma/]2 &1 al?\gh ! ex]cise ( x is limit$ )9 ! obs]vance ( ! anci5t l&m>ks1 ! op]ation ( ! pr]ogative is /ill v ext5sive4 ,! disp5s+ p[] may be ex]cis$ "u ! foll[+ circum/ances3 #a4 ,! f\r? old ,regulation prescribes t no lodge %all make m ?an five new ,bro!rs at "o & ! same "t )\t an urg5t necessity4#ae ,b ( ?is necessity ! ,gr& ,ma/] may judge1 &1 on good & suffici5t reason be+ %[n1 he may grant a disp5sation enabl+ any lodge to susp5d ?is regulation & make m ?an five new ,bro!rs4 #b4 ,! next regulation prescribes t no "o c be accept$ a memb] ( a p>ticul> lodge )\t previ\s notice1 "o mon? be=e giv5 to ! lodge1 9 ord] to make due inquiry into ! reputation & capacity ( ! c&idate4 ,b "h1 also1 x is held t1 9 a suitable case ( em]g5cy1 ! ,gr& ,ma/] may ex]cise 8 pr]ogative & disp5se ) ?is probation ( "o mon?1 p]mitt+ ! c&idate to be made on ! night ( 8 application4 #c4 ,if a lodge %\ld h omitt$ = any causes to elect its (fic]s or any ( !m on ! con/itutional night ( election1 or if any (fic] s elect$ %all h di$1 be5 depos$ or remov$ f ! jurisdiction subsequ5t to 8 election1 ! ,gr& ,ma/] may issue a disp5sation emp[]+ ! lodge to proce$ to an election or to fill ! vacancy at any o!r specifi$ communication2 b he _c grant a disp5sation to elect a new ma/] 9 consequ5ce ( ! dea? or removal ( ! old "o1 :ile ! two ,w>d5s or ei!r ( !m rema9--because ! ,w>d5s succe$ by inh]5t "r & 9 ord] ( s5iority to ! vacant ma/]%ip4 ,&1 inde$1 x is held t :ile "o ( ! ?ree (fic]s rema9s1 no election c be held1 ev5 by disp5sation1 to fill ! o!r two places1 ?\gh vacancies 9 !m may h occurr$ by dea? or removal4 #d4 ,! ,gr& ,ma/] may grant a disp5sation emp[]+ a lodge to elect a ,ma/] f among ! memb]s on ! floor2 b ?is mu/ be done only :5 e ,pa/ ,ma/]1 ,w>d51 & ,pa/ ,w>d5 ( ! lodge has refus$ to s]ve1#af because ord9>ily a requisite qualification = ! ,ma/]%ip is1 t ! c&idate %all1 previ\sly1 h s]v$ 9 ! (fice ( ,w>d54 #e4 ,9 ! ye> #agbc a regulation 0 adopt$1 prescrib+ t no ,bro!r %\ld belong to m ?an "o lodge )9 ! bills ( mortality4 ,int]pret+ ! la/ expression to mean ?ree miles--:i* is n[ suppos$ to be ! geographical limit ( a lodge's jurisdiction1 ?is regulation may /ill be consid]$ z a "p ( ! law ( ,masonry2 b 9 "s ,gr& ,lodges1 z t ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 = in/ance1 ! ,gr& ,ma/] w sometimes ex]cise 8 pr]ogative1 &1 disp5s+ ) ?is regulation1 p]mit a ,bro!r to belong to two lodges1 al?\gh !y may be )9 ?ree miles ( ea* o!r4 #f4 ,b ! mo/ important p[] ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] connect$ ) 8 disp5s+ pr]ogative is1 t ( con/itut+ new lodges4 ,x has already be5 rem>k$ t1 anci5tly1 a w>rant 0 n requir$ = ! =mation ( a lodge1 b t a suffici5t numb] ( ,masons1 met toge!r )9 a c]ta9 limit1 7 emp[]$1 ) ! cons5t ( ! %]iff or *ief magi/rate ( ! place1 to make ,masons & practice ! rites ( ,masonry1 )\t su* w>rant ( ,con/itution4 ,b1 9 ! ye> #agag1 x 0 adopt$ z a regulation1 t e lodge1 to be !reaft] conv5$1 %\ld be au?oris$ to act by a w>rant f ! ,gr& ,ma/] = ! "t be+1 grant$ to c]ta9 p]sons by petition1 ) ! cons5t & approbation ( ! ,gr& ,lodge 9 communication4 ,ev] s9ce t "t1 no lodge has be5 consid]$ z legally e/abli%$1 unless x has be5 con/itut$ by ! au?ority ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,9 ! ,engli% ,con/itutions1 ! in/rum5t ?us emp[]+ a lodge to meet1 is call$1 :5 grant$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 a ,w>rant ( ,con/itution4 ,x is grant$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/] & n by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,x appe>s to be a f9al in/rum5t1 not)/&+ ! provision enact$ 9 #agag1 requir+ ! cons5t & approbation ( ! ,gr& ,lodge2 = 9 ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 !re is no allusion :atev] to ?is cons5t & approbation4 ,b 9 ?is c\ntry1 ! process is some:at diff]5t1 & ! ,gr& ,ma/] is depriv$ ( a portion ( 8 pr]ogative4 ,"h1 ! in/rum5t grant$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/] is call$ a ,disp5sation4 ,! lodge receiv+ x is n admitt$ into ! regi/] ( lodges1 nor is x consid]$ z possess+ any ( ! rights & privileges ( a lodge1 except t ( mak+ ,masons1 until a ,w>rant ( ,con/itution is grant$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! anci5t pr]ogative ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] is1 h[ev]1 pres]v$ 9 ! fact1 t aft] a lodge has be5 ?us w>rant$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 ! c]emony ( con/itut+ x1 :i* embraces its consecration & ! in/allation ( its (fic]s1 c only be p]=m$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/] 9 p]son1 or by 8 special ,deputy appo9t$ = t purpose4#ag ,,iii4 ,! ?ird pr]ogative ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] is t ( visitation4 ,he has a "r to visit any lodge )9 8 jurisdiction at su* times z he pleases1 & :5 !re to preside2 & x is ! duty ( ! ,ma/] to (f] him ! *air & 8 gavel1 :i* ! ,gr& ,ma/] may decl9e or accept at 8 pleasure4 ,?is pr]ogative admits ( no "q1 z x is di/9ctly decl>$ 9 ! fir/ ( ! ,?irty-n9e ,regulations1 adopt$ 9 #agba1 9 ! foll[+ words3-- ,! ,gr& ,ma/] or ,deputy has full au?ority & "r1 n only to be pres5t1 b to preside 9 e lodge1 ) ! ,ma/] ( ! lodge on 8 left h&1 & to ord] 8 ,gr& ,w>d5s to att5d him1 :o are n to act z ,w>d5s ( p>ticul> lodges1 b 9 8 pres5ce & at 8 comm&2 = ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 :ile 9 a p>ticul> lodge1 may comm& ! ,w>d5s ( t lodge1 or any o!r ,ma/] ,masons1 to act z 8 ,w>d5s1 pro tempore4 ,b 9 a subsequ5t regulation x 0 provid$1 t z ! ,gr& ,ma/] _c deprive ! ,gr& ,w>d5s ( t (fice )\t ! cons5t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 he %\ld appo9t no o!r p]sons to act z ,w>d5s 9 8 visitation to a private lodge1 unless ! ,gr& ,w>d5s 7 abs5t4 ,?is :ole regulation is /ill 9 exi/5ce4 ,! "q has be5 lately moot$1 :e!r1 if ! ,gr& ,ma/] decl9es to preside1 he does n !reby place himself 9 ! position ( a private ,bro!r1 & become subject1 z all ! o!rs pres5t1 to ! control ( ! ,wor%ipful ,ma/]4 ,i answ]1 t ( c\rse he becomes subject to & mu/ ( necessity respect ^? rules ( ord] & decorum :i* are obligatory on all good m5 & ,masons2 b t he _c1 by ! ex]cise ( an act ( c\rtesy 9 decl9+ to preside1 dive/ himself ( 8 pr]ogative1 :i*1 moreov]1 he may at any "t dur+ ! ev5+ assume1 & dem& ! gavel4 ,! ,gr& ,ma/] ( ,masons c1 "u no circum/ances1 become subject to ! decrees & ord]s ( ! ,ma/] ( a p>ticul> lodge4 ,,iv4 ,ano!r pr]ogative ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] is t ( appo9tm5t2 :i*1 h[ev]1 9 ?is c\ntry1 has be5 mu* dim9i%$4 ,accord+ to ! old regulations1 & ! cu/om is /ill cont9u$ 9 ! ,con/itutions ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 ! ,gr& ,ma/] has ! "r ( appo9t+ 8 ,deputy & ,w>d5s4 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! (fice has be5 %orn ( ?is high pr]ogative1 & ^! ,(fic]s are elect$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! ,deputy1 h[ev]1 is /ill appo9t$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 9 "s ( ! ,/ates1 z ,massa*usetts1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,wiscons91 & ,texas4 ,! appo9tm5t ( ! pr9cipal subord9ate (fic]s1 is also giv5 to ! ,gr& ,ma/] by ! ,am]ican ,gr& ,lodges4 ,v4 ,! la/ & mo/ extraord9>y p[] ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 is t ( mak+ ,masons at sight4 ,! p[] to make ,masons at sight is a te*nical t]m1 :i* may be def9$ to be ! p[] to initiate1 pass1 & raise c&idates by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 9 a lodge ( em]g5cy1 or z x is call$ 9 ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1 an occasional lodge1 especially conv5$ by him1 & consi/+ ( su* ,ma/] ,masons z he may call toge!r = t purpose only--! lodge ceas+ to exi/ z soon z ! initiation1 pass+1 or rais+1 has be5 accompli%$ & ! ,bre?r5 h be5 dismiss$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,:e!r su* a p[] is ve/$ 9 ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 is a "q t1 )9 ! la/ few ye>s1 has be5 agitat$ ) mu* w>m?1 by "s ( ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ?is c\ntry2 b ,i am n aw>e t1 until v lately1 ! pr]ogative 0 ev] disput$4#ah ,9 ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1 h[ev]1 sev]al in/ances are furni%$ ( ! ex]cise ( ?is "r by v>i\s ,gr& ,ma/]s4 ,9 #agca1 ,"l ,lovel be+ ,gr& ,ma/]1 he =m$ an occasional lodge at ,h\ghton ,hall1 ,sir ,rob]t ,walpole's ,h\se 9 ,norfolk1 & !re made ! ,duke ( ,lorra9e1 aft]w>ds ,emp]or ( ,g]many1 & ! ,duke ( ,newca/le1 ,ma/] ,masons4#ai ,i d n quote ! case ( ! initiation1 pass+1 & rais+ ( ,fr$]ick1 ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 9 #agcg1 :i* 0 done 9 an occasional lodge1 ov] :i* ,dr4 ,desaguli]s presid$1#bj because z ,desaguli]s 0 n ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 nor ev51 z has be5 incorrectly /at$ by ! ,new ,york ,committee ( ,correspond5ce1 ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]1 b only a ,pa/ ,gr& ,ma/]1 x _c be call$ a mak+ at sight4 ,he mo/ probably act$ "u ! disp5sation ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 :o at t "t 0 ! ,e>l ( ,d>nley4 ,b 9 #agff1 ,"l ,blaney1 :o 0 !n ,gr& ,ma/]1 conv5$ an occasional lodge & initiat$1 pass$1 & rais$ ! ,duke ( ,gl\ce/]4#ba ,aga9 9 #agfg1 ,john ,salt]1 ! ,deputy1 !n act+ z ,gr& ,ma/]1 conv5$ an occasional lodge1 & conf]r$ ! ?ree degrees on ! ,duke ( ,cumb]l&4#bb ,9 #aghg1 ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales 0 made a ,mason at an occasional lodge1 conv5$1 says ,pre/on1 = ! purpose1 at ! ,/> & ,g>t]1 ,pall ,mall1 ov] :i* ! ,duke ( ,cumb]l&1 7,gr& ,ma/]7 presid$ 9 p]son4#bc ,b x is unnecess>y to multiply in/ances ( ! "r1 ex]cis$ by =m] ,gr& ,ma/]s1 ( congregat+ occasional lodges1 & mak+ ,masons at sight4 ,x has be5 said1 h[ev]1 by ! oppugn]s ( ?is pr]ogative1 t ^! occasional lodges 7 only special communications ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & ! mak+s are ?us suppos$ to h tak5 place "u ! au?ority ( t body1 & n ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,! facts1 h[ev]1 d n su/a9 ?is position4 ,?r\gh\t ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1 o!r meet+s1 :e!r regul> or special1 are di/9ctly record$ z meet+s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :ile ^! occasional lodges appe> only to h be5 conv5$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 = ! purpose ( mak+ ,masons4 ,besides1 9 _m in/ances1 ! lodge 0 held at a diff]5t place f t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & ! (fic]s 7 n1 ) ! exception ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 ! (fic]s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,?us ! occasional lodge1 :i* initiat$ ! ,duke ( ,lorra9e1 0 held at ! resid5ce ( ,sir ,rob]t ,walpole1 9 ,norfolk1 :ile ! ,gr& ,lodge always met 9 ,london4 ,9 #agff1 ! ,gr& ,lodge held its communications at ! ,cr[n & ,an*or2 b ! occasional lodge1 :i*1 9 ! same ye>1 conf]r$ ! degrees on ! ,duke ( ,gl\ce/]1 0 conv5$ at ! ,horn ,tav]n4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 ! lodge :i* initiat$ ! ,duke ( ,cumb]l& 0 conv5$ at ! ,?at*$ ,h\se ,tav]n1 ! ,gr& ,lodge cont9u+ to meet at ! ,cr[n & ,an*or4 ,?is may be consid]$ v conclusive evid5ce ( ! exi/5ce ( ! pr]ogative ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 :i* we are n[ discuss+1 b ! argum5t =tiori1 drawn f 8 disp5s+ p[]1 w t5d to confirm ! doctr9e4 ,no "o d\bts or d5ies ! p[] ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] to con/itute new lodges by disp5sation4 ,9 #agda1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& =got x = a mom5t1 & adopt$ a new regulation1 t no new lodge %\ld be con/itut$ until ! cons5t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge _h be5 fir/ obta9$1 ,b ?is ord]1 aft]w>ds appe>+1 says ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1#bd to be an infr+em5t on ! pr]ogative ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 & to be att5d$ ) _m inconv5i5ces & ) damage to ! craft1 0 repeal$4 ,x is1 !n1 an und\bt$ pr]ogative ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] to con/itute lodges by disp5sation1 & 9 ^! lodges1 s con/itut$1 ,masons may be legally ent]$1 pass$1 & rais$4 ,?is is done e day4 ,sev5 ,ma/] ,masons1 apply+ to ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 he grants !m a disp5sation1 "u au?ority ( :i* !y proce$ to op5 & hold a lodge1 & to make ,masons4 ,?is lodge is1 h[ev]1 admitt$ to be ! m]e creature ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 = x is 9 8 p[]1 at any "t1 to revoke ! disp5sation he _h grant$1 & ?us to dissolve ! lodge4 ,b1 if ! ,gr& ,ma/] has ! p[] ?us to enable o!rs to conf] ! degrees & make ,masons by 8 individual au?ority out ( 8 pres5ce1 are we n p]mitt$ to argue =tiori t he has also ! "r ( congregat+ sev5 ,bre?r5 & caus+ a ,mason1 to be made 9 8 sight8 ,c he delegate a p[] to o!rs :i* he does n himself possess8 ,& is 8 call+ toge!r an occasional lodge1 & mak+1 ) ! assi/ance ( ! ,bre?r5 ?us assembl$1 a ,mason at sight1 t is to say1 9 8 pres5ce1 any?+ m or less ?an ! ex]cise ( 8 disp5s+ p[]1 = ! e/abli%m5t ( a lodge "u disp5sation1 = a tempor>y p]iod1 & = a special purpose4 ,! purpose hav+ be5 effect$1 & ! ,mason hav+ be5 made1 he revokes 8 disp5sation1 & ! lodge is dismiss$4 ,if we assum$ any o!r gr\nd ?an ?is1 we %\ld be compell$ to say1 t ?\gh ! ,gr& ,ma/] might au?orise o!rs to make ,masons1 :5 he 0 abs5t1 z 9 ! usual case ( lodges "u disp5sation yet ! in/ant t he attempt$ to convey ! same p[]s to be ex]cis$ 9 8 pres5ce1 & "u 8 p]sonal sup]vision1 8 au?ority w\ld cease4 ,?is c\rse ( reason+ w\ld necess>ily lead to a contradiction 9 t]ms1 if n to an actual absurdity4 ,x is prop] to /ate1 9 conclusion1 t ! views "h set =? are n ent]ta9$ by ! v able ,committee ( ,=eign ,correspond5ce ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,florida1 :o only admit ! p[] ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] to make ,masons 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,wiscons91 at its la/ communication1 adopt$ a report1 ass]t+ t ! ,gr& ,ma/] has ! "r to make ,masons at sight1 9 cases :i* he may deem prop]--& ! ,committee ( ,correspond5ce ( ,new ,york decl>es1 t s9ce ! "t :5 ! memory ( man runne? n to ! contr>y1 ,gr& ,ma/]s h enjoy$ ! privilege ( mak+ ,masons at sight1 )\t any prelim9>ies1 & at any suitable "t or place4 ,! op9ions ( ! two la/ quot$ ,gr& ,lodges embody ! g5]al s5tim5t ( ! ,craft on ?is subject4#be ,b al?\gh ! pr]ogative is ?us almo/ univ]sally c$$ to ,gr& ,ma/]s1 !re are _m v reasonable d\bts z to ! exp$i5cy ( its ex]cise1 except "u extraord9>y circum/ances ( em]g5cy4 ,9 ,engl&1 ! practice has g5]ally be5 conf9$ to ! mak+ ( ,pr9ces ( ! ,royal ,family1 :o1 = reasons ( /ate1 7 unwill+ to r$uce !mselves to ! level ( ord9>y c&idates & receive _! initiation publicly 9 a subord9ate lodge4 ,b 9 ! ex]cise ( ?is pr]ogative1 ! ,gr& ,ma/] _c disp5se ) any ( ! requisite =ms ( initiation1 prescrib$ by ! oral laws ( ! ,ord]4 ,he _c communicate ! degrees1 b mu/ adh]e to all ! e/abli%$ c]emonies--! conf]r+ ( degrees by communication be+ a =m unkn[n to ! ,york rite4 ,he mu/ be assi/$ by ! numb] ( ,bre?r5 necess>y to op5 & hold a lodge4 ,due inquiry mu/ be made into ! c&idate's "*1 7?\gh ! ,gr& ,ma/] may1 z 9 a case ( em]g5cy1 disp5se ) ! usual probation ( a mon?74 ,he _c int]f]e ) ! bus9ess ( a regul> lodge1 by mak+ "o :om x _h reject$1 nor f9i%+ "o :i* x _h comm5c$4 ,nor c he conf] ! ?ree degrees1 at "o & ! same communication4 ,9 %ort1 he mu/1 9 mak+ ,masons at sight1 con=m to ! anci5t usages & l&m>ks ( ! ,ord]4 ,section ,,ii4 ,! ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,! (fice ( ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/] is "o ( great dignity1 b n ( mu* practical importance1 except 9 case ( ! abs5ce ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 :5 he assumes all ! pr]ogatives ( t (fic]4 ,nei!r is ! (fice1 comp>atively speak+1 ( a v anci5t date4 ,at ! fir/ reorganization ( ! ,gr& ,lodge 9 #agag1 & = two or ?ree ye>s aft]w>ds1 no ,deputy 0 appo9t$1 & x 0 n until #agba t ! ,duke ( ,montagu conf]r$ ! dignity on ,dr4 ,beal4 ,orig9ally ! ,deputy 0 int5d$ to relieve ! ,gr& ,ma/] ( all ! burd5 & pressure ( bus9ess1 & ! #cf? ( ! ,regulations1 adopt$ 9 #agba1 /ates t a ,deputy is said to h be5 always ne$ful :5 ! ,gr& ,ma/] 0 nobly born1 because x 0 consid]$ z a d]ogation f ! dignity ( a nobleman to ent] ^u ! ord9>y bus9ess ( ! craft4 ,h5ce we f9d1 among ! ,g5]al ,regulations1 "o :i* sets =? ?is pr9ciple 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,! ,gr& ,ma/] %\ld n receive any private intimations ( bus9ess1 conc]n+ ,masons & ,masonry1 b f 8 ,deputy fir/1 except 9 su* cases z 8 wor%ip c easily judge (2 & if ! application to ! ,gr& ,ma/] be irregul>1 8 wor%ip c ord] ! ,gr& ,w>d5s1 or any o!r s apply+1 to wait ^u ! ,deputy1 :o is imm$iately to prep>e ! bus9ess1 & to lay x ord]ly be=e 8 wor%ip4 ,! ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/] ex]cises1 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 all ! pr]ogatives & p]=ms all ! duties ( t (fic]4 ,b he does s1 n by virtue ( any new (fice t he has acquir$ by su* abs5ce1 b simply 9 ! "n ( & z ! repres5tative ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 f :om alone he d]ives all 8 au?ority4 ,su* is ! doctr9e su/a9$ 9 all ! prec$5ts record$ 9 ! ,book ( ,con/itutions4 ,9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 ! (fice ( ,deputy is m]ely "o ( hon\r1 )\t ! necessity ( p]=m+ any duties1 & )\t ! p[] ( ex]cis+ any pr]ogatives4 ,!re _c be m ?an "o ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/] 9 a jurisdiction2 s t ! appo9tm5t ( a great] numb]1 z is ! case 9 "s ( ! ,/ates1 is a manife/ innovation on ! anci5t usages4 ,di/rict ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]s1 :i* (fic]s are also a mod]n inv5tion ( ?is c\ntry1 seem to take ! place 9 "s degree ( ! ,prov9cial ,gr& ,ma/]s ( ,engl&1 b !y are n inve/$ ) ! same pr]ogatives4 ,! (fice is "o ( local orig91 & its p[]s & duties are prescrib$ by ! local regulations ( ! ,gr& ,lodge :i* may h e/abli%$ x4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,gr& ,w>d5s4 ,! ,s5ior & ,junior ,gr& ,w>d5s 7 orig9ally appo9t$1 l ! ,deputy1 by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 & are /ill s appo9t$ 9 ,engl&2 b 9 ?is c\ntry !y are univ]sally elect$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,_! duties d n mat]ially diff] f ^? p]=m$ by ! correspond+ (fic]s 9 a subord9ate lodge4 ,!y accompany ! ,gr& ,ma/] 9 8 visitations1 & assume ! /ations ( ! ,w>d5s ( ! lodge visit$4 ,accord+ to ! regulations ( #agba1 ! ,ma/] ( ! olde/ lodge pres5t 0 direct$ to take ! *air ( ! ,gr& ,lodge 9 ! abs5ce ( bo? ! ,gr& ,ma/] & ,deputy2 b ?is 0 f\nd to be an int]f]5ce ) ! rights ( ! ,gr& ,w>d5s1 & x 0 !re=e subsequ5tly decl>$ t1 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] & ,deputy1 ! la/ =m] ,gr& ,ma/] or ,deputy %\ld preside4 ,b if no ,pa/ ,gr& or ,pa/ ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/] %\ld be pres5t1 !n ! ,s5ior ,gr& ,w>d5 0 to fill ! *air1 &1 9 8 abs5ce1 ! ,junior ,gr& ,w>d51 & la/ly1 9 abs5ce ( bo? ^!1 !n ! olde/ ,freemason#bf :o is ! pres5t ,ma/] ( a lodge4 ,9 ?is c\ntry1 h[ev]1 mo/ ( ! ,gr& ,lodges h alt]$ ?is regulation1 & ! ,w>d5s succe$ accord+ to s5iority to ! *air ( ! abs5t ,gr& ,ma/] & ,deputy1 9 pref]5ce to any ,pa/ ,gr& ,(fic]4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ! ,gr& ,treasur]4 ,! (fice ( ,gr& ,treasur] 0 fir/ e/abli%$ 9 #agbd1 9 consequ5ce ( a report ( ! ,committee ( ,*>ity ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&4 ,b no "o 0 f\nd to hold ! tru/ until ! #bd? ( ,june1 #agbg1 :51 at ! reque/ ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 ! appo9tm5t 0 accept$ by ,na?aniel ,black]by1 ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,! duties ( ! (fice d n at all diff] f ^? ( a correspond+ "o 9 e o!r society2 b z ! tru/ is an important "o 9 a pecuni>y view1 x has g5]ally be5 deem$ prud5t t x %\ld only be committ$ to a bro!r ( good worldly sub/ance1 ^: ample means w\ld place him beyond ! *ances ( temptation4 ,! (fice ( ,gr& ,treasur] has ?is peculi>ity1 t :ile all ! o!r (fic]s bel[ ! ,gr& ,ma/] 7 orig9ally1 & /ill are 9 ,engl&1 appo9t$1 t alone 0 always elective4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,gr& ,secret>y4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ important (fices 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & %\ld always be occupi$ by a ,bro!r ( intellig5ce & education1 ^: abilities may reflect honor on ! in/itution ( :i* he is ! accr$it$ public organ4 ,! (fice 0 e/abli%$ 9 ! ye> #agbc1 dur+ ! ,gr& ,ma/]%ip ( ! ,duke ( ,:>ton1 previ\s to :i* "t ! duties appe> to h be5 dis*>g$ by ! ,gr& ,w>d5s4 ,! ,gr& ,secret>y n only records ! proce$+s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 b conducts its correspond5ce1 & is ! m$ium ?r\gh :om all applications on masonic subjects are to be made to ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 or ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,accord+ to ! regulations ( ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ,engl&1 ,new ,york & ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 ! ,gr& ,secret>y may appo9t an assi/ant1 :o is n1 h[ev]1 by virtue ( su* appo9tm5t1 a memb] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! same privilege is also ext5d$ 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a to ! ,gr& ,treasur]4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ! ,gr& ,*apla94 ,?is is ! la/ ( ! ,gr& ,(fices t 0 e/abli%$1 hav+ be5 in/itut$ on ! #a/ ( ,may1 9 ! ye> #agge4 ,! duties are conf9$ to ! read+ ( pray]s1 & o!r sacr$ portions ( ! ritual1 9 consecrations1 d$ications1 fun]al s]vices1 etc4 ,! (fice conf]s no masonic au?ority at all1 except t ( a seat & a vote 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,section ,,vii4 ,( ! ,gr& ,deacons4 ,b little ne$ be said ( ! ,gr& ,deacons4 ,_! duties correspond to ^? ( ! same (fic]s 9 subord9ate lodges4 ,! (fice ( ! ,deacons1 ev5 9 a subord9ate lodge1 is ( comp>atively mod]n in/itution4 ,dr4 ,oliv] rem>ks t !y are n m5tion$ 9 any ( ! e>ly ,con/itutions ( ,masonry1 nor ev5 s late z #agig1 :5 ,/eph5 ,jones wrote 8 ,masonic ,miscellanies1 & he ?9ks x satisfactorily prov$ t ,deacons 7 n consid]$ necess>y1 9 work+ ! bus9ess ( a lodge1 be=e ! v latt] end ( ! eighte5? c5tury4#bg ,b al?\gh ! ,deacons are n m5tion$ 9 ! v>i\s works publi%$ previ\s to t p]iod1 :i* are quot$ by ,dr4 ,oliv]1 x is nev]!less c]ta9 t ! (fice exi/$ at a "t mu* e>li] ?an t :i* he supposes4 ,9 a "w 9 my possession1 & :i* is n[ ly+ be=e me1 entitl$ ,e ,"y ,man's ,companion1 etc41 by ,w4 ,gordon1 ,tea*] ( ! ,ma!matics1 six? edition pr9t$ at ,london1 9 #aggg1 !re is a section1 ext5d+ f page #dac to page #dbf1 :i* is d$icat$ to ! subject ( ,freemasonry & to a description ( ! work+ ( a subord9ate lodge4 ,"h ! ,s5ior & ,junior ,deacons are enum]at$ among ! (fic]s1 _! exact positions describ$ & _! duties detail$1 diff]+ 9 no respect f ! explanations ( our own ritual at ! pres5t day4 ,! positive te/imony ( ?is book mu/ ( c\rse outweigh ! negative te/imony ( ! au?orities quot$ by ,oliv]1 & %[s ! exi/5ce 9 ,engl& ( ,deacons 9 ! ye> #aggg at lea/4 ,x is also c]ta9 t ! (fice ( ,deacon claims an e>li] orig9 9 ,am]ica ?an ! v latt] end ( ! eighte5? c5tury2 &1 z an evid5ce ( ?is1 x may be /at$ t1 9 ! ,ahiman ,rezon ( ,p5nsylvania1 publi%$ 9 #aghc1 ! ,gr& ,deacons are nam$ among ! (fic]s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 z p>ticul> assi/ants to ! ,gr& ,ma/] & ,s5ior ,w>d51 9 conduct+ ! bus9ess ( ! ,lodge4 ,!y are to be f\nd 9 all ,gr& ,lodges ( ! ,york ,rite1 & are usually appo9t$1 ! ,s5ior by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 & ! ,junior by ! ,s5ior ,gr& ,w>d54 ,section ,,viii4 ,( ! ,gr& ,m>%al4 ,! ,gr& ,m>%al1 z an (fic] ( conv5i5ce1 exi/$ f an e>ly p]iod4 ,we f9d him m5tion$ 9 ! procession ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 made 9 #agca1 :]e he is describ$ z c>ry+ a trun*eon1 blue1 tipp$ ) gold1 insignia :i* he /ill reta9s4 ,he takes no "p 9 ! usual "w ( ! ,lodge2 b 8 duties are conf9$ to ! proclamation ( ! ,gr& ,(fic]s at _! in/allation1 & to ! arrangem5t & sup]9t5d5ce ( public processions4 ,! ,gr& ,m>%al is usually appo9t$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,section ,,ix4 ,( ! ,gr& ,/ew>ds4 ,! fir/ m5tion t is made ( ,/ew>ds is 9 ! ,old ,regulations1 adopt$ 9 #agba4 ,previ\s to t "t1 ! arrangem5ts ( ! ,gr& ,fea/ 7 plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ! ,gr& ,w>d5s2 & x 0 to relieve !m ( ?is labor t ! regulation 0 adopt$1 au?oriz+ ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 or 8 ,deputy1 to appo9t a c]ta9 numb] ( ,/ew>ds1 :o 7 to act 9 conc]t ) ! ,gr& ,w>d5s4 ,9 #agbh1 x 0 ord]$ t ! numb] ( ,/ew>ds to be appo9t$ %\ld be twelve4 ,9 #agca1 a regulation 0 adopt$1 p]mitt+ ! ,gr& ,/ew>ds to appo9t _! successors4 ,&1 9 #agce1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ord]$1 t1 9 consid]ation ( _! pa/ s]vice & future usefulness1 !y %\ld be con/itut$ a ,lodge ( ,ma/]s1 to be call$ ! ,/ew>ds' ,lodge1 :i* %\ld h a regi/ry 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge li/1 & ex]cise ! privilege ( s5d+ twelve repres5tatives4 ,?is 0 ! orig9 ( t body n[ kn[n 9 ! ,con/itutions ( ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ,engl& & ,new ,york1#bh z ! ,gr& ,/ew>ds' ,lodge1 al?\gh x has be5 v ext5sively modifi$ 9 its organization4 ,9 ,new ,york1 x is n[ no m ?an a ,/&+ ,committee ( ! ,gr& ,lodge2 & 9 ,engl&1 al?\gh x is regul>ly con/itut$1 z a ,lodge ( ,ma/] ,masons1 x is by a special regulation depriv$ ( all p[] ( ent]+1 pass+1 or rais+ ,masons4 ,9 o!r jurisdictions1 ! (fice ( ,gr& ,/ew>ds is /ill pres]v$1 b _! functions are conf9$ to _! orig9al purpose ( prep>+ & sup]9t5d+ ! ,gr& ,fea/4 ,! appo9tm5t ( ! ,gr& ,/ew>ds %\ld be mo/ appropriately ve/$ 9 ! ,junior ,gr& ,w>d54 ,section ,x4 ,( ! ,gr& ,sword-,be>]4 ,gr& ,sword-,be>]4--,x 0 an anci5t feudal cu/om1 t all great dignit>ies %\ld h a sword ( /ate borne be=e !m1 z ! insignia ( _! dignity4 ,?is usage has to ?is day be5 pres]v$ 9 ! ,masonic ,in/itution1 & ! ,gr& ,ma/]'s sword ( /ate is /ill borne 9 all public processions by an (fic] specially appo9t$ = t purpose4 ,"s ye>s aft] ! reorganization ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 ! sword 0 borne by ! ,ma/] ( ! ,lodge to :i* x belong$2 b1 9 #agcj1 ! ,duke ( ,norfolk1 be+ !n ,gr& ,ma/]1 pres5t$ to ! ,gr& ,lodge ! sword ( ,gu/avus ,adolphus1 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 :i* _h aft]w>ds be5 us$ 9 w> by ,b]n>d1 ,duke ( ,saxe ,weim>1 & :i* ! ,gr& ,ma/] direct$ %\ld !reaft] be adopt$ z 8 sword ( /ate4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is donation1 ! (fice ( ,gr& ,sword-,be>] 0 in/itut$ 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,! (fice is /ill reta9$2 b "s ,gr& ,lodges h *ang$ ! "n to t ( ,gr& ,pursuivant4 ,section ,,xi4 ,( ! ,gr& ,til]4 ,x is evid5t f ! ,con/itutions ( ,masonry1 z well z f ! peculi> "* ( ! in/itution1 t ! (fice ( ,gr& ,til] mu/ h exi/$ f ! v fir/ organization ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,z1 f ! nature ( ! duties t he has to p]=m1 ! ,gr& ,til] is necess>ily exclud$ f p>tak+ ( ! discussions1 or witness+ ! proce$+s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 x has v g5]ally be5 det]m9$1 f a pr9ciple ( exp$i5cy1 t he %all n be a memb] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge dur+ ! t]m ( 8 (fice4 ,! ,gr& ,til] is sometimes elect$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & sometimes appo9t$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,( ! ,p[]s & ,pr]ogatives ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,section ,i4 ,g5]al ,view4 ,! necess>y & usual (fic]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge hav+ be5 describ$1 ! rights1 p[]s1 & pr]ogatives ( su* a body is ! next subject ( our inquiry4 ,! f\ndation-/one1 ^u :i* ! :ole sup]/ructure ( masonic au?ority 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge is built1 is to be f\nd 9 t conditional clause annex$ to ! ?irty-eight articles1 adopt$ 9 #agba by ! ,masons ( ,engl&1 & :i* is 9 ^! words3 ,e annual ,gr& ,lodge has an inh]5t p[] & au?ority to make new regulations1 or to alt] ^! = ! real b5efit ( ?is anci5t frat]nity2 ,,provid$ ,,always ,,t ,,! ,,old ,,l&m>ks ,,be ,,c>efully ,,pres]v$2 & t su* alt]ations & new regulations be propos$ & agre$ to at ! ?ird qu>t]ly communication prec$+ ! annual ,gr& ,fea/2 & t !y be (f]$ also to ! p]usal ( all ! ,bre?r5 be=e d9n]1 9 writ+1 ev5 ( ! y\nge/ ,ent]$ ,appr5tice3 ! approbation & cons5t ( ! majority ( all ! ,bre?r5 pres5t be+ absolutely necess>y1 to make ! same b9d+ & obligatory4 ,! expression :i* is put 9 capitals--provid$ always t ! old l&m>ks be c>efully pres]v$--is ! limit+ clause :i* mu/ be /eadily borne 9 m9d1 :5ev] we attempt to enum]ate ! p[]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,x mu/ nev] be =gott5 79 ! words ( ano!r regulation1 adopt$ 9 #agbc1 & incorporat$ 9 ! ritual ( in/allation71 t x is n 9 ! p[] ( any man1 or body ( m51 to make any alt]ation or innovation 9 ! body ( ,masonry4 ,) ^! views to limit u1 ! p[]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge may be enum]at$ 9 ! language :i* has be5 adopt$ 9 ! mod]n con/itutions ( ,engl&1 & :i* seem to u1 aft] a c>eful comp>ison1 to be z compreh5sive & correct z any t we h be5 able to exam9e4 ,?is enum]ation is 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 alone1 resides ! p[] ( enact+ laws & regulations = ! p]man5t gov]nm5t ( ! craft1 & ( alt]+1 repeal+1 & abrogat+ !m1 always tak+ c>e t ! anci5t l&m>ks ( ! ord] are pres]v$4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge has also ! inh]5t p[] ( inve/igat+1 regulat+1 & decid+ all matt]s relative to ! craft1 or to p>ticul> lodges1 or to individual ,bro!rs1 :i* x may ex]cise ei!r ( itself1 or by su* delegat$ au?ority1 z 9 its wisdom & discretion x may appo9t2 b 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge alone resides ! p[] ( eras+ lodges1 & expell+ ,bre?r5 f ! craft1 a p[] :i* x ought n to delegate to any subord9ate au?ority 9 ,engl&4 ,9 ?is enum]ation we discov] ! exi/5ce ( ?ree di/9ct classes ( p[]s3--#a1 a legislative p[]2 #b1 a judicial p[]2 & #c1 an executive p[]4 ,ea* ( ^! w occupy a sep>ate section4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,legislative ,p[] ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,9 ! passage already quot$ f ! ,con/itutions ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& x is said1 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 alone1 resides ! p[] ( enact+ laws & regulations = ! gov]nm5t ( ! craft1 & ( alt]+1 repeal+1 & abrogat+ !m4 ,g5]al regulations = ! gov]nm5t ( ! :ole craft ?r\gh\t ! _w c no long] be enact$ by a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! multiplication ( ^! bodies1 s9ce ! ye> #agag1 has s divid$ ! supremacy t no regulation n[ enact$ c h ! =ce & au?ority ( ^? adopt$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& 9 #agba1 & :i* n[ con/itute a "p ( ! fundam5tal law ( ,masonry1 & z su* are un*angeable by any mod]n ,gr& ,lodge4 ,any ,gr& ,lodge may1 h[ev]1 enact local laws = ! direction ( its own special affairs1 & has also ! pr]ogative ( enact+ ! regulations :i* are to gov]n all its subord9ates & ! craft g5]ally 9 its own jurisdiction4 ,f ?is legislative p[]1 :i* belongs exclusively to ! ,gr& ,lodge1 x foll[s t no subord9ate lodge c make any new bye-laws1 nor alt] its old ones1 )\t ! approval & confirmation ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,h5ce1 ! rules & regulations ( e lodge are inop]ative until !y are submitt$ to & approv$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! confirmation ( t body is ! enact+ clause2 &1 !re=e1 /rictly speak+1 x may be said t ! subord9ates only propose ! bye-laws1 & ! ,gr& ,lodge enacts !m4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,judicial ,p[] ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! passage already quot$ f ! ,engli% ,con/itutions cont9ues to say1 t ! ,gr& ,lodge has ! inh]5t p[] ( inve/igat+1 regulat+ & decid+ all matt]s relative to ! craft1 or to p>ticul> lodges1 or to individual ,bro!rs1 :i* x may ex]cise1 ei!r ( itself1 or by su* delegat$ au?ority z 9 its wisdom & discretion x may appo9t4 ,"u ! fir/ clause ( ?is section1 ! ,gr& ,lodge is con/itut$ z ! ,supreme ,masonic ,tribunal ( its jurisdiction4 ,b z x w\ld be impossible = t body to inve/igate e masonic (f5se t occurs )9 its t]ritorial limits1 ) t full & consid]ate att5tion t ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice require1 x has1 "u ! latt] clause ( ! section1 delegat$ ?is duty1 9 g5]al1 to ! subord9ate lodges1 :o are to act z its committees1 & to report ! results ( _! inquiry = its f9al disposition4 ,f ?is c\rse ( action has ris5 ! errone\s op9ion ( "s p]sons1 t ! jurisdiction ( ! ,gr& ,lodge is only appellate 9 its "*4 ,su* is n ! case4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge possesses an orig9al jurisdiction ov] all causes occurr+ )9 its limits4 ,x is only = exp$i5cy t x remits ! exam9ation ( ! m]its ( any case to a subord9ate lodge z a quasi committee4 ,x may1 if x ?9ks prop]1 comm5ce ! inve/igation ( any matt] conc]n+ ei!r a lodge1 or an individual bro!r )9 its own bosom1 & :5ev] an appeal f ! decision ( a lodge is made1 :i*1 9 reality1 is only a diss5t f ! report ( ! lodge1 ! ,gr& ,lodge does actually recomm5ce ! inve/igation de novo1 &1 tak+ ! matt] out ( ! lodge1 to :om by its g5]al usage x _h be5 prim>ily ref]r$1 x places x 9 ! h&s ( ano!r committee ( its own body = a new report4 ,! c\rse ( action is1 x is true1 simil> to t 9 law1 ( an appeal f an inf]ior to a sup]ior tribunal4 ,b ! pr9ciple is diff]5t4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge simply confirms or rejects ! report t has be5 made to x1 & x may d t )\t any appeal hav+ be5 ent]$4 ,x may1 9 fact1 disp5se ) ! necessity ( an inve/igation by & report f a subord9ate lodge altoge!r1 & und]take ! trial itself f ! v inception4 ,b ?is1 ?\gh a con/itutional1 is an unusual c\rse4 ,! subord9ate lodge is ! in/rum5t :i* ! ,gr& ,lodge employs 9 consid]+ ! inve/igation4 ,x may or x may n make use ( ! in/rum5t1 z x pleases4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ! ,executive ,p[] ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! ,engli% ,con/itutions conclude1 9 ! passage t has =m$ ! basis ( our previ\s rem>ks1 by ass]t+ t 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 alone1 resides ! p[] ( eras+ lodges & expell+ ,bre?r5 f ! craft1 a p[] :i* x ought n to delegate to any subord9ate au?ority4 ,! p[] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge to erase lodges is accompani$ ) a co9cid5t p[] ( con/itut+ new lodges4 ,?is p[] x orig9ally %>$ ) ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 & /ill does 9 ,engl&2 b 9 ?is c\ntry ! p[] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge is p>am\nt to t ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,! latt] c only con/itute lodges tempor>ily1 by disp5sation1 & 8 act mu/ be confirm$1 or may be annull$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,x is n until a lodge has receiv$ its ,w>rant ( ,con/itution f ! ,gr& ,lodge1 t x c assume ! rank & ex]cise ! pr]ogatives ( a regul> & legal lodge4 ,! expell+ p[] is "o t is v prop]ly intru/$ to ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :i* is ! only tribunal t %\ld impose a p5alty affect+ ! relations ( ! puni%$ p>ty ) ! :ole frat]nity4 ,"s ( ! lodges 9 ?is c\ntry h claim$ ! "r to expel indep5d5tly ( ! action ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,b ! claim is f\nd$ on an errone\s assumption ( p[]s t h nev] exi/$1 & :i* are n recogniz$ by ! anci5t con/itutions1 nor ! g5]al usages ( ! frat]nity4 ,a subord9ate lodge tries its del9qu5t memb]1 "u ! provisions :i* h already be5 /at$1 &1 accord+ to ! g5]al usage ( lodges 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 decl>es him expell$4 ,b ! s5t5ce is ( no =ce nor effect until x has be5 confirm$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :i* may1 or may n1 give ! requir$ confirmation1 & :i*1 inde$1 (t5 refuses to d s1 b actually rev]ses ! s5t5ce4 ,x is app>5t1 f ! views already express$ on ! judicial p[]s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 t ! s5t5ce ( expulsion utt]$ by ! subord9ate is to be tak5 9 ! s5se ( a recomm5datory report1 & t x is ! confirmation & adoption ( t report by ! ,gr& ,lodge t alone gives x vitality & effect4 ,! expell+ p[] presumes1 ( c\rse1 co9cid5tly1 ! re9/at+ p[]4 ,z ! ,gr& ,lodge alone c expel1 x also alone c re9/ate4 ,^! con/itute ! g5]al p[]s & pr]ogatives ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,( c\rse !re are o!r local p[]s1 assum$ by v>i\s ,gr& ,lodges1 & diff]+ 9 ! sev]al jurisdictions1 b !y are all d]iv$ f "s "o ( ! ?ree classes t we h enum]at$4 ,f ^! views1 x w appe> t a ,gr& ,lodge is ! supreme legislative1 judicial1 & executive au?ority ( ! ,masonic jurisdiction 9 :i* x is situat$4 ,x is1 to use a feudal t]m1 ! "l p>am\nt 9 ,masonry4 ,x is a repres5tative body1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 x con/itu5ts h delegat$ ev]y?+ & res]v$ no rights to !mselves4 ,its au?ority is almo/ unlimit$1 = x is re/ra9$ by b a s+le *eck3--,x _c alt] or remove ! anci5t l&m>ks4 ,book ,second ,laws ( ,subord9ate ,lodges4 ,hav+ ?us succ9ctly treat$ ( ! law 9 relation to ,gr& ,lodges1 ,i come next 9 ord] to consid] ! law z x respects ! organization1 rights1 p[]s1 & privileges ( subord9ate ,lodges2 & ! fir/ "q t w engage our att5tion w be1 z to ! prop] me?od ( organiz+ a ,lodge4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,( ! ,nature & ,organization ( ,subord9ate ,lodges4 ,! old *>ges def9e a ,lodge to be a place :]e ,masons assemble & "w2 & also t assembly1 or duly organiz$ society ( ,masons4 ,! lecture on ! fir/ degree gives a /ill m precise def9ition4 ,x says t a lodge is an assemblage ( ,masons1 duly congregat$1 hav+ ! ,holy ,bible1 squ>e1 & compasses1 & a *>t]1 or w>rant ( con/itution1 emp[]+ !m to "w4 ,e lodge ( ,masons requires = its prop] organization1 t x %\ld h be5 congregat$ by ! p]mission ( "s sup]ior au?ority1 :i* may be ei!r a ,gr& ,ma/] or a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,:5 a lodge is organiz$ by ! au?ority ( a ,gr& ,ma/]1 x is said to "w "u a ,disp5sation1 & :5 by ! au?ority ( a ,gr& ,lodge1 x is said to "w "u a w>rant ( con/itution4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( a lodge1 ! =m] au?ority g5]ally prec$es ! latt]1 ! lodge usually work+ = "s "t "u ! disp5sation ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 be=e x is regul>ly w>rant$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,b ?is is n necess>ily ! case4 ,a ,gr& ,lodge w sometimes grant a w>rant ( con/itution at once1 )\t ! previ\s ex]cise1 on ! "p ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 ( 8 disp5s+ p[]4 ,z x is1 h[ev]1 m usually ! practice = ! disp5sation to prec$e ! w>rant ( con/itution1 ,i %all expla9 ! =mation ( a lodge accord+ to t me?od4 ,any numb] ( ,ma/] ,masons1 n "u sev51 be+ desir\s ( unit+ !mselves into a lodge1 apply by petition to ! ,gr& ,ma/] = ! necess>y au?ority4 ,?is petition mu/ set =? t !y n[ are1 or h be51 memb]s ( a regul>ly con/itut$ lodge1 & mu/ assign1 z a reason = _! application1 t !y desire to =m ! lodge = ! conv5i5cy ( _! respective dwell+s1 or "s o!r suffici5t reason4 ,! petition mu/ also "n ! bre?r5 :om !y desire to act z _! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s1 & ! place :]e !y int5d to meet2 & x mu/ be recomm5d$ by ! ne>e/ lodge4 ,dal*o says t n less ?an ?ree ,ma/] ,masons %\ld sign ! petition2 b 9 ?is he diff]s f all ! o!r au?orities1 :i* require n less ?an sev54 ,?is rule1 too1 seems to be f\nd$ 9 reason2 =1 z x requires sev5 ,masons to con/itute a quorum = op5+ & hold+ a lodge ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices1 x w\ld be absurd to au?orize a small] numb] to organize a lodge :i*1 aft] its organization1 c\ld n be op5$1 nor make ,masons 9 t degree4 ,pre/on says t ! petition mu/ be recomm5d$ by ! ,ma/]s ( ?ree regul> lodges adjac5t to ! place :]e ! new lodge is to be held4 ,dal*o says x mu/ be recomm5d$ by ?ree o!r kn[n & approv$ ,ma/] ,masons1 b does n make any allusion to any adjac5t lodge4 ,! laws & regulations ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,scotl& require ! recomm5dation to be sign$ by ! ,ma/]s & (fic]s ( two ( ! ne>e/ lodges4 ,! ,con/itutions ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& require t x mu/ be recomm5d$ by ! (fic]s ( "s regul> lodge4 ,! recomm5dation ( a neighbor+ lodge is ! g5]al usage ( ! craft1 & is int5d$ to c]tify to ! sup]ior au?ority1 on ! v be/ evid5ce t c be obta9$1 t1 namely1 ( an adjac5t lodge1 t ! new lodge w be productive ( no injury to ! ,ord]4 ,if ?is petition be grant$1 ! ,gr& ,secret>y prep>es a docum5t call$ a disp5sation1 :i* au?orizes ! (fic]s nam$ 9 ! petition to op5 & hold a lodge1 & to ent]1 pass1 & raise ,freemasons4 ,! duration ( ?is disp5sasation is g5]ally express$ on its face to be1 until x %all be revok$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/] or ! ,gr& ,lodge1 or until a w>rant ( con/itution is grant$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,pre/on says1 t ! ,bre?r5 nam$ 9 x are au?oriz$ to assemble z ,masons = =ty days1 & until su* "t z a w>rant ( con/itution c be obta9$ by comm& ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 or t au?ority be recall$4 ,b g5]ally1 usage cont9ues ! disp5sation only until ! next meet+ ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :5 x is ei!r revok$1 or a w>rant ( con/itution grant$4 ,if ! disp5sation be revok$ by ei!r ! ,gr& ,ma/] or ! ,gr& ,lodge 7= ei!r has ! p[] to d s71 ! lodge ( c\rse at once ceases to exi/4 ,:atev] funds or prop]ty x has accumulat$ rev]t1 z 9 ! case ( all ext9ct lodges1 to ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :i* may be call$ ! natural heir ( its subord9ates2 b all ! "w done 9 ! lodge1 "u ! disp5sation1 is regul> & legal1 & all ! ,masons made by x are1 9 e s5se ( ! t]m1 true & lawful ,bre?r54 ,let x be suppos$1 h[ev]1 t ! disp5sation is confirm$ or approv$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & we ?us arrive at ano!r /ep 9 ! hi/ory ( ! new lodge4 ,at ! next sitt+ ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 aft] ! disp5sation has be5 issu$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 he /ates t fact to ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :51 ei!r at 8 reque/1 or on motion ( "s ,bro!r1 ! vote is tak5 on ! "q ( con/itut+ ! new lodge1 &1 if a majority are 9 favor ( x1 ! ,gr& ,secret>y is ord]$ to grant a w>rant ( con/itution4 ,?is in/rum5t diff]s f a disp5sation 9 _m important p>ticul>s4 ,x is sign$ by all ! ,gr& ,(fic]s1 & emanates f ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :ile ! disp5sation emanates f ! (fice ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 & is sign$ by him alone4 ,! au?ority ( ! disp5sation is tempor>y1 t ( ! w>rant p]man5t2 ! "o c be revok$ at pleasure by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 :o grant$ x2 ! o!r only = cause %[n1 & by ! ,gr& ,lodge2 ! "o be/[s only a "n1 ! o!r bo? a "n & a numb]2 ! "o conf]s only ! p[] ( hold+ a lodge & mak+ ,masons1 ! o!r n only conf]s ^! p[]s1 b also ^? ( in/allation & ( succession 9 (fice4 ,f ^! diff]5ces 9 ! *>act]s ( ! two docum5ts1 arise important diff]5ces 9 ! p[]s & privileges ( a lodge "u disp5sation & ( "o t has be5 regul>ly con/itut$4 ,^! diff]5ces %all h]eaft] be consid]$4 ,! w>rant hav+ be5 grant$1 !re /ill rema9 c]ta9 =ms & c]emonies to be obs]v$1 be=e ! lodge c take its place among ! legal & regi/]$ lodges ( ! jurisdiction 9 :i* x is situat$4 ,^! are its consecration1 its d$ication1 its con/itution1 & ! in/allation ( its (fic]s4 ,we %all n fully ent] into a description ( ^! v>i\s c]emonies1 because !y are laid d[n at l5g? 9 all ! ,monitors1 & are readily accessible to our read]s4 ,x w be suffici5t if we b>ely allude to _! "*4 ,! c]emony ( con/itution is s call$1 because by x ! lodge becomes con/itut$ or e/abli%$4 ,or?oepi/s def9e ! v]b to con/itute1 z signify+ to give a =mal exi/5ce to any?+4 ,h5ce1 to con/itute a lodge is to give x exi/5ce1 "*1 & /&+ z su*2 & ! in/rum5t t w>rants ! p]son s con/itut+ or e/abli%+ x1 9 ?is act1 is v prop]ly call$ ! w>rant ( con/itution4 ,! consecration1 d$ication1 & con/itution ( a lodge mu/ be p]=m$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/] 9 p]son2 or1 if he _c conv5i5tly att5d1 by "s ,pa/ ,ma/] appo9t$ by him z 8 special proxy or repres5tative = t purpose4 ,on ! appo9t$ ev5+1 ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 accompani$ by 8 ,gr& ,(fic]s1 repairs to ! place :]e ! new lodge is to hold its meet+s1 ! lodge#bi hav+ be5 plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! room & dec5tly cov]$ ) a piece ( :ite l95 or sat94 ,hav+ tak5 ! *air1 he exam9es ! records ( ! lodge & ! w>rant ( con/itution2 ! (fic]s :o h be5 *os5 are pres5t$ be=e him1 :5 he inquires ( ! ,bre?r5 if !y cont9ue satisfi$ ) ! *oice !y h made4 ,! c]emony ( consecration is !n p]=m$4 ,! ,lodge is uncov]$2 & corn1 w9e1 & oil--! masonic elem5ts ( consecration--are p\r$ ^u x1 accompani$ by appropriate pray]s & invocations1 & ! lodge is f9ally decl>$ to be consecrat$ to ! honor & glory ( ,god4 ,?is c]emony ( consecration has be5 h&$ d[n f ! remote/ antiquity4 ,a consecrat+--a sep>at+ f pr(ane ?+s1 & mak+ holy or devot+ to sacr$ purposes--0 practic$ by bo? ! ,jews & ! ,pagans 9 relation to _! temples1 _! alt>s1 & all _! sacr$ ut5sils4 ,! tab]nacle1 z soon z x 0 complet$1 0 consecrat$ to ,god by ! unction ( oil4 ,among ! ,pagan nations1 ! consecration ( _! temples 0 (t5 p]=m$ ) ! mo/ sumptu\s (f]+s & c]emonies2 b oil 01 on all occasions1 made use ( z an elem5t ( ! consecration4 ,! lodge is1 !re=e1 consecrat$ to d5ote t h5ce=? x is to be set ap>t z an asylum sacr$ to ! cultivation ( ! great masonic pr9ciples ( ,fri5d%ip1 ,morality1 & ,bro!rly ,love4 ,!nce=? x becomes to ! consci5ti\s ,mason a place wor?y ( 8 rev]5ce2 & he is tempt$1 z he passes ov] its ?re%old1 to repeat ! comm& giv5 to ,moses3 ,put (f ?y %oes f (f ?y feet1 = ! place :]eon ?\ /&e/ is holy gr\nd4 ,! corn1 w9e1 & oil are appropriately adopt$ z ! ,masonic elem5ts ( consecration1 because ( ! symbolic signification :i* !y pres5t to ! m9d ( ! ,mason4 ,!y are enum]at$ by ,david z among ! greate/ bless+s :i* we receive f ! b\nty ( ,div9e ,provid5ce4 ,!y 7 annually (f]$ by ! anci5ts z ! fir/ fruits1 9 a ?ank-(f]+ = ! gifts ( ! e>?2 & z repres5tatives ( ! corn ( n\ri%m5t1 ! w9e ( refre%m5t1 & ! oil ( joy1 !y symbolically in/ruct ! ,mason t to ! ,gr& ,ma/] ( ! ,univ]se he is indebt$ = ! heal?1 peace1 & pl5ty t he enjoys4 ,aft] ! consecration ( ! lodge1 foll[s its d$ication4 ,?is is a simple c]emony1 & pr9cipally consi/s 9 ! pronunciation ( a =mula ( words by :i* ! lodge is decl>$ to be d$icat$ to ! holy ,sa9ts ,john1 foll[$ by an invocation t e ,bro!r may rev]e _! "* & imitate _! virtues4 ,masonic tradition tells u t our anci5t ,bre?r5 d$icat$ _! lodges to ,k+ ,solomon1 because he 0 _! fir/ ,mo/ ,excell5t ,gr& ,ma/]2 b t mod]n ,masons d$icate !irs to ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ & ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/1 because !y 7 two em95t patrons ( ,masonry4 ,a m appropriate selection ( patrons to :om to d$icate ! lodge1 c\ld n easily h be5 made2 s9ce ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 by ann\nc+ ! approa* ( ,*ri/1 & by ! my/ical ablution to :i* he subject$ 8 proselytes1 & :i* 0 aft]w>ds adopt$ 9 ! c]emony ( initiation into ,*ri/ianity1 might well be consid]$ z ! ,gr& ,hi]ophant ( ! ,*ur*2 :ile ! my/]i\s & emblematic nature ( ! ,apocalypse assimilat$ ! mode ( tea*+ adopt$ by ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/ to t practic$ by ! frat]nity4 ,our ,jewi% ,bre?r5 usually d$icate _! lodges to ,k+ ,solomon1 ?us reta9+ _! anci5t patron1 al?\gh !y !reby lose ! b5efit ( t portion ( ! ,lectures :i* ref]s to ! l9es p>allel4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 at ! union 9 #ahac1 agre$ to d$icate to ,solomon & ,moses1 apply+ ! p>allels to ! fram] ( ! tab]nacle & ! build] ( ! temple2 b !y h no w>ranty = ?is 9 anci5t usage1 & x is un=tunately n ! only innovation on ! anci5t l&m>ks t t ,gr& ,lodge has lately p]mitt$4 ,! c]emony ( d$ication1 l t ( consecration1 f9ds its ar*etype 9 ! remote/ antiquity4 ,! ,hebrews made no use ( any new ?+ until !y _h fir/ solemnly d$icat$ x4 ,?is c]emony 0 p]=m$ 9 relation ev5 to private h\ses1 z we may le>n f ! book ( ,deut]onomy4#cj ,! #cj? ,psalm is a song said to h be5 made by ,david on ! d$ication ( ! alt> :i* he erect$ on ! ?re%+-floor ( ,ornan ! ,jebusite1 aft] ! griev\s plague :i* _h ne>ly deva/at$ ! k+dom4 ,solomon1 x w be recollect$1 d$icat$ ! temple ) solemn c]emonies1 pray]s1 & ?ank-(f]+s4 ,! c]emony ( d$ication is1 inde$1 allud$ to 9 v>i\s portions ( ! ,scriptures4 ,seld5#ca says t among ! ,jews sacr$ ?+s 7 bo? d$icat$ & consecrat$2 b t pr(ane ?+s1 su* z private h\ses1 etc41 7 simply d$icat$1 )\t consecration4 ,! same writ] in=ms u t ! ,pagans borr[$ ! cu/om ( consecrat+ & d$icat+ _! sacr$ edifices1 alt>s1 & images1 f ! ,hebrews4 ,! ,lodge hav+ be5 ?us consecrat$ to ! solemn objects ( ,freemasonry1 & d$icat$ to ! patrons ( ! in/itution1 x is at l5g? prep>$ to be con/itut$4 ,! c]emony ( con/itution is !n p]=m$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 :o1 ris+ f 8 seat1 pron\nces ! foll[+ =mul>y ( con/itution3 ,9 ! "n ( ! mo/ ,wor%ipful ,gr& ,lodge1 ,i n[ con/itute & =m y1 my belov$ ,bre?r51 into a regul> lodge ( ,free & ,accept$ ,masons4 ,f ?is "t =?1 ,i emp[] y to meet z a regul> lodge1 con/itut$ 9 con=mity to ! rites ( our ,ord]1 & ! *>ges ( our anci5t & honorable frat]nity2--& may ! ,supreme ,ar*itect ( ! ,univ]se prosp]1 direct1 & c\nsel y1 9 all y\r do+s4 ,?is c]emony places ! lodge among ! regi/]$ lodges ( ! jurisdiction 9 :i* x is situat$1 & gives x a rank & /&+ & p]man5t exi/5ce t x did n h be=e4 ,9 "o ^w1 x has1 by ! consecration1 d$ication1 & con/itution1 become :at we te*nically t]m a j & legally con/itut$ lodge1 &1 z su*1 is entitl$ to c]ta9 rights & privileges1 ( :i* we %all h]eaft] speak4 ,/ill1 h[ev]1 al?\gh ! lodge has be5 ?us fully & completely organiz$1 its (fic]s h z yet no legal exi/5ce4 ,to give !m ?is1 x is necess>y t !y be induct$ into _! respective (fices1 & ea* (fic] solemnly b\nd to ! fai?ful p]=mance ( ! duties he has und]tak5 to dis*>ge4 ,?is con/itutes ! c]emony ( in/allation4 ,! ,wor%ipful ,ma/] ( ! new lodge is requir$ publicly to submit to ! anci5t *>ges2 & !n all1 except ,pa/ ,ma/]s1 hav+ retir$1 he is inve/$ ) ! ,pa/ ,ma/]'s degree1 & induct$ into ! ori5tal *air ( ,k+ ,solomon4 ,! ,bre?r5 are !n introduc$1 & due homage is paid to _! new ,ma/]1 aft] :i* ! o!r (fic]s are obligat$ to ! fai?ful dis*>ge ( _! respective tru/s1 inve/$ ) _! insignia ( (fice1 & receive ! appropriate *>ge4 ,?is c]emony mu/ be repeat$ at e annual election & *ange ( (fic]s4 ,! anci5t rule 01 t :5 ! ,gr& ,ma/] & 8 (fic]s att5d$ to con/itute a new lodge1 ! ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/] inve/$ ! new ,ma/]1 ! ,gr& ,w>d5s inve/$ ! new ,w>d5s1 & ! ,gr& ,treasur] & ,gr& ,secret>y inve/$ ! ,treasur] & ,secret>y4 ,b ?is regulation has become obsolete1 & ! :ole in/allation & inve/iture are n[ p]=m$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,on ! occasion ( subsequ5t in/allations1 ! retir+ ,ma/] in/alls 8 successor2 & ! latt] in/alls 8 subord9ate (fic]s4 ,! c]emony ( in/allation is d]iv$ f ! anci5t cu/om ( inauguration1 ( :i* we f9d repeat$ in/ances 9 ! sacr$ z well z pr(ane writ+s4 ,a>on 0 inaugurat$1 or in/all$1 by ! unction ( oil1 & plac+ on him ! ve/m5ts ( ! ,high ,prie/2 & e succe$+ ,high ,prie/ 0 9 l mann] in/all$1 be=e he 0 consid]$ compet5t to dis*>ge ! duties ( 8 (fice4 ,among ! ,romans1 augurs1 prie/s1 k+s1 &1 9 ! times ( ! republic1 consuls 7 always inaugurat$ or in/all$4 ,& h5ce1 ,cic]o1 :o 0 an augur1 speak+ ( ,hort5sius1 says1 x 0 he :o in/all$ me z a memb] ( ! college ( augurs1 s t ,i 0 b\nd by ! con/itution ( ! ord] to respect & hon\r him z a p>5t4#cb ,! object & int5tion ( ! anci5t inauguration & ! ,masonic in/allation are precisely ! same1 namely1 t ( sett+ ap>t & consecrat+ a p]son to ! duties ( a c]ta9 (fice4 ,! c]emonies1 ?us briefly describ$1 7 n always necess>y to legalize a congregation ( ,masons4 ,until ! ye> #agag1 ! cu/om ( conf9+ ! privileges ( ,masonry1 by a w>rant ( con/itution1 to c]ta9 individuals1 0 :olly unkn[n4 ,previ\s to t "t1 a requisite numb] ( ,ma/] ,masons 7 au?oriz$ by ! anci5t *>ges to congregate toge!r1 tempor>ily1 at _! own discretion1 & z be/ suit$ _! conv5i5ce1 & !n & !re to op5 & hold lodges & make ,masons2 mak+1 h[ev]1 _! return1 & pay+ _! tribute to ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 to :i* all ! frat]nity annually repair$1 & by ^: aw>ds ! craft 7 gov]n$4 ,pre/on1 speak+ ( ?is anci5t privilege1 says3 ,a suffici5t numb] ( ,masons met toge!r )9 a c]ta9 di/rict1 ) ! cons5t ( ! %]iff or *ief magi/rate ( ! place1 7 emp[]$ at ?is "t to make ,masons & practice ! rights ( ,masonry1 )\t a w>rant ( con/itution4 ,?is privilege1 ,pre/on says1 0 inh]5t 9 !m z individuals1 & cont9u$ to be enjoy$ by ! old lodges1 :i* =m$ ! ,gr& ,lodge 9 #agag1 z long z !y 7 9 exi/5ce4 ,b on ! #bd? ,june1 #agag1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& adopt$ ! foll[+ regulation3 ,t ! privilege ( assembl+ z ,masons1 :i* _h hi!rto be5 unlimit$1 %\ld be ve/$ 9 c]ta9 lodges or assemblies ( ,masons1 conv5$ 9 c]ta9 places2 & t e lodge to be h]eaft] conv5$1 except ! f\r old lodges at ?is "t exi/+1 %\ld be legally au?oriz$ to act by a w>rant f ! ,gr& ,ma/] = ! "t be+1 grant$ to c]ta9 individuals by petition1 ) ! cons5t & approbation ( ! ,gr& ,lodge 9 communication2 & t1 )\t su* w>rant1 no lodge %\ld be h]eaft] deem$ regul> or con/itutional4 ,?is regulation has ev] s9ce cont9u$ 9 =ce1 & x is ! orig9al law "u :i* w>rants ( con/itution are n[ grant$ by ,gr& ,lodges = ! organization ( _! subord9ates4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,( ,lodges "u ,disp5sation4 ,x is evid5t1 f :at has already be5 said1 t !re are two k9ds ( lodges1 ea* regul> 9 itself1 b ea* peculi> & di/9ct 9 its "*4 ,!re are lodges work+ "u a disp5sation1 & lodges work+ "u a w>rant ( con/itution4 ,ea* ( ^! w require a sep>ate consid]ation4 ,! =m] w be ! subject ( ! pres5t *apt]4 ,a lodge work+ "u a disp5sation is a m]ely tempor>y body1 orig9at$ = a special purpose1 & is !re=e possess$ ( v circumscrib$ p[]s4 ,! disp5sation1 or au?ority "u :i* x acts1 expressly specifies t ! p]sons to :om x is giv5 are all[$ to congregate t !y may admit1 ent]1 pass1 & raise ,freemasons2 no o!r p[]s are conf]r$ ei!r by words or implication1 &1 inde$1 sometimes ! disp5sation /ates1 t t congregation is to be ) ! sole int5t & view1 t ! ,bre?r5 s congregat$1 admitt$1 ent]$1 & made1 :5 !y become a suffici5t numb]1 may be duly w>rant$ & con/itut$ = be+ & hold+ a regul> lodge4#cc ,a lodge "u disp5sation is simply ! creature ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,to him x is indebt$ = its exi/5ce1 & on 8 w dep5ds ! duration ( t exi/5ce4 ,he may at any "t revoke ! disp5sation1 & ! dissolution ( ! lodge w\ld be ! in/ant result4 ,h5ce a lodge work+ "u a disp5sation c sc>cely1 ) /rict te*nical propriety1 be call$ a lodge2 x is1 m prop]ly speak+1 a congregation ( ,masons1 act+ z ! proxy ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,) ^! views ( ! orig9 & "* ( lodges "u disp5sation1 we w be bett] prep>$ to und]/& ! nature & ext5t ( ! p[]s :i* !y possess4 ,a lodge "u disp5sation c make no bye-laws4 ,x is gov]n$1 dur+ its tempor>y exi/5ce1 by ! g5]al ,con/itutions ( ! ,ord] & ! rules & regulations ( ! ,gr& ,lodge 9 ^: jurisdiction x is situat$4 ,9 fact1 z ! bye-laws ( no lodge are op]ative until !y are confirm$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & z a lodge work+ "u a disp5sation ceases to exi/ z su* z soon z ! ,gr& ,lodge meets1 x is evid5t t x w\ld be absurd to frame a code ( laws :i* w\ld h no efficacy1 = want ( prop] confirmation1 & :i*1 :5 ! "t & opportunity = confirmation _h arriv$1 w\ld be ne$less1 z ! society = :i* !y 7 fram$ w\ld !n h no legal exi/5ce--a new body 7! w>rant$ lodge7 hav+ tak5 its place4 ,a lodge "u disp5sation _c elect (fic]s4 ,! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s are nom9at$ by ! ,bre?r51 &1 if ?is nom9ation is approv$1 !y are appo9t$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,9 giv+ !m p]mission to meet & make ,masons1 he gave !m no p[] to d any?+ else4 ,a disp5sation is itself a sett+ aside ( ! law1 & an exception to a g5]al pr9ciple2 x mu/1 !re=e1 be con/ru$ lit]ally4 ,:at is n grant$ 9 express t]ms1 is n grant$ at all4 ,&1 !re=e1 z no?+ is said ( ! election ( (fic]s1 no su* election c be held4 ,! ,ma/] may1 h[ev]1 & always does = conv5i5ce1 appo9t a compet5t ,bro!r to keep a record ( ! proce$+s2 b ?is is a tempor>y appo9tm5t1 at ! pleasure ( ! ,ma/]1 ^: deputy or assi/ant he is2 = ! ,gr& ,lodge looks only to ! ,ma/] = ! records1 & ! (fice is n legally recogniz$4 ,9 l mann]1 he may depute a tru/y ,bro!r to take *>ge ( ! funds1 & mu/1 ( c\rse1 f "t to "t1 appo9t ! deacons & til] = ! necess>y work+ ( ! lodge4 ,z !re c be no election1 nei!r c !re be any in/allation1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 always presumes a previ\s election = a det]m9ate p]iod4 ,besides1 ! in/allation ( (fic]s is a "p ( ! c]emony ( con/itution1 & !re=e n ev5 ! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s ( a lodge "u disp5sation are entitl$ to be ?us solemnly induct$ into (fice4 ,a lodge "u disp5sation c elect no memb]s4 ,! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s1 :o are nam$ 9 ! disp5sation1 are1 9 po9t ( fact1 ! only p]sons recogniz$ z con/itut+ ! lodge4 ,to !m is grant$ ! privilege1 z proxies ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 ( mak+ ,masons2 & = ?is purpose !y are au?oriz$ to congregate a suffici5t numb] ( ,bre?r5 to assi/ !m 9 ! c]emonies4 ,b nei!r ! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s1 nor ! ,bre?r51 ?us congregat$ h receiv$ any p[] ( elect+ memb]s4 ,nor are ! p]sons made 9 a lodge "u disp5sation1 to be consid]$ z memb]s ( ! lodge2 =1 z has already be5 %[n1 !y h none ( ! rights & privileges :i* atta* to memb]%ip--!y c nei!r make bye-laws nor elect (fic]s4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 become memb]s ( ! lodge z soon z x receives its w>rant ( con/itution4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,( ,lodges ,work+ "u a ,w>rant ( ,con/itution4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,p[]s & ,rights ( a ,lodge4 ,9 respect to ! p[]s & privileges possess$ by a lodge work+ "u a w>rant ( con/itution1 we may say1 z a g5]al pr9ciple1 t :atev] x does possess is inh]5t 9 x--no?+ has be5 delegat$ by ei!r ! ,gr& ,ma/] or ! ,gr& ,lodge--b t all its rights & p[]s are d]iv$ orig9ally f ! anci5t regulations1 made be=e ! exi/5ce ( ,gr& ,lodges1 & t :at x does n possess1 are ! p[]s :i* 7 conc$$ by its pr$ecessors to ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,?is is evid5t f ! hi/ory ( w>rants ( con/itution1 ! au?ority "u :i* subord9ate lodges act4 ,! practice ( apply+ by petition to ! ,gr& ,ma/] or ! ,gr& ,lodge1 = a w>rant to meet z a regul> lodge1 comm5c$ 9 ! ye> #agah4 ,previ\s to t "t1 ,freemasons 7 emp[]$ by inh]5t privileges1 ve/$1 f "t immemorial1 9 ! :ole frat]nity1 to meet z occasion might require1 "u ! direction ( "s able ar*itect2 & ! proce$+s ( ^! meet+s1 be+ approv$ by a majority ( ! ,bre?r5 conv5$ at ano!r lodge 9 ! same di/rict1 7 deem$ con/itutional4#cd ,b 9 #agah1 a ye> aft] ! =mation ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 ?is p[] ( meet+ ad libitum 0 resign$ into ! h&s ( t body1 & x 0 !n agre$ t no lodges %\ld !reaft] meet1 unless au?oriz$ s to d by a w>rant f ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 & ) ! cons5t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,b z a memorial t ?is ab&onm5t ( ! anci5t "r 0 entirely volunt>y1 x 0 at ! same "t resolv$ t ?is inh]5t privilege %\ld cont9ue to be enjoy$ by ! f\r old lodges :o =m$ ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,&1 /ill m effectually to secure ! res]v$ rights ( ! lodges1 x 0 also solemnly det]m9$1 t :ile ! ,gr& ,lodge possesses ! inh]5t "r ( mak+ new regulations = ! good ( ! frat]nity1 provid$ t ! old l&m>ks be c>efully pres]v$1 yet t ^! regulations1 to be ( =ce1 mu/ be propos$ & agre$ to at ! ?ird qu>t]ly communication prec$+ ! annual gr& fea/1 & submitt$ to ! p]usal ( all ! ,bre?r51 9 writ+1 ev5 ( ! y\nge/ ent]$ appr5tice2 ! approbation & cons5t ( ! majority ( all ! ,bre?r5 pres5t be+ absolutely necess>y1 to make ! same b9d+ & obligatory4#ce ,! coroll>y f all ?is is cle>4 ,all ! rights1 p[]s1 & privileges1 n conc$$1 by express enactm5t ( ! frat]nity1 to ! ,gr& ,lodge1 h be5 res]v$ to !mselves4 ,subord9ate lodges are ! assemblies ( ! craft 9 _! prim>y capacity1 & ! ,gr& ,lodge is ! ,supreme ,masonic ,tribunal1 only because x consi/s ( & is con/itut$ by a repres5tation ( ^! prim>y assemblies4 ,&1 !re=e1 z e act ( ! ,gr& ,lodge is an act ( ! :ole frat]nity ?us repres5t$1 ea* new regulation t may be made is n an assumption ( au?ority on ! "p ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 b a new concession on ! "p ( ! subord9ate lodges4 ,?is doctr9e ( ! res]v$ rights ( ! lodges is v important1 & %\ld nev] be =gott51 because x af=ds mu* aid 9 ! decision ( _m obscure po9ts ( masonic jurisprud5ce4 ,! rule is1 t any d\btful p[] exi/s & is inh]5t 9 ! subord9ate lodges1 unless !re is an express regulation conf]r+ x on ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,) ?is prelim9>y view1 we may proce$ to inve/igate ! nature & ext5t ( ^! res]v$ p[]s ( ! subord9ate lodges4 ,a lodge has ! "r ( select+ its own memb]s1 ) :i* ! ,gr& ,lodge _c int]f]e4 ,?is is a "r t ! lodges h expressly res]v$ to !mselves1 & ! /ipulation is ins]t$ 9 ! g5]al regulations 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,no man c be ent]$ a ,bro!r 9 any p>ticul> lodge1 or admitt$ a memb] !re(1 )\t ! unanim\s cons5t ( all ! memb]s ( t lodge !n pres5t1 :5 ! c&idate is propos$1 & :5 _! cons5t is =mally ask$ by ! ,ma/]4 ,!y are to give _! cons5t 9 _! own prud5t way1 ei!r virtually or 9 =m1 b ) unanimity4 ,nor is ?is inh]5t privilege subject to a disp5sation1 because ! memb]s ( a p>ticul> lodge are ! be/ judges ( x2 & because1 if a turbul5t memb] %\ld be impos$ ^u !m1 x might spoil _! h>mony1 or h9d] ! fre$om ( _! communication2 or ev5 break & disp]se ! lodge1 :i* ought to be avoid$ by all true & fai?ful4#cf ,b al?\gh a lodge has ! inh]5t "r to require unanimity 9 ! election ( a c&idate1 x is n necess>ily re/rict$ to su* a degree ( rigor4 ,a lodge has ! "r to elect its own (fic]s4 ,?is "r is gu>ante$ to x by ! words ( ! ,w>rant ( ,con/itution4 ,/ill ! "r is subject to c]ta9 re/ra9+ regulations4 ,! election mu/ be held at ! prop] "t1 :i*1 accord+ to ! usage ( ,masonry1 9 mo/ p>ts ( ! _w1 is on or imm$iately be=e ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/4 ,! prop] qualifications mu/ be reg>d$4 ,a memb] _c be elect$ z ,ma/]1 unless he has previ\sly s]v$ z a ,w>d51 except 9 ! in/ance ( a new lodge1 or o!r case ( em]g5cy4 ,:]e bo? ( ! ,w>d5s refuse promotion1 :]e ! presid+ ,ma/] w n p]mit himself to be reelect$1 & :]e !re is no ,pa/ ,ma/] :o w cons5t to take ! (fice1 !n1 & !n only1 c a memb] be elect$ f ! floor to preside ov] ! lodge4 ,by ! ,con/itutions ( ,engl&1 only ! ,ma/] & ,treasur] are elect$ (fic]s4#cg ,! ,w>d5s & all ! o!r (fic]s are appo9t$ by ! ,ma/]1 :o has n1 h[ev]1 ! p[] ( removal aft] appo9tm5t1 except by cons5t ( ! lodge2#ch b ,am]ican usage gives ! election ( all ! (fic]s1 except ! deacons1 /ew>ds1 &1 9 "s in/ances1 ! til]1 to ! lodge4 ,z a consequ5ce ( ! "r ( election1 e lodge has ! p[] ( in/all+ its (fic]s1 subject to ! same regulations1 9 relation to "t & qualifications1 z giv5 9 ! case ( elections4 ,! ,ma/] mu/ be in/all$ by a ,pa/ ,ma/]1#ci b aft] 8 own in/allation he has ! p[] to in/all ! re/ ( ! (fic]s4 ,! c]emony ( in/allation is n a m]e va9 & idle "o1 b is productive ( important results4 ,until ! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s ( a lodge are in/all$1 !y _c repres5t ! lodge 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 nor1 if x be a new lodge1 c x be record$ & recogniz$ on ! regi/] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,no (fic] c p]man5tly take possession ( ! (fice to :i* he has be5 elect$1 until he has be5 duly in/all$4#dj ,! rule ( ! craft is1 t ! old (fic] holds on until 8 successor is in/all$1 & ?is rule is ( univ]sal application to (fic]s ( e grade1 f ! ,til] ( a subord9ate lodge1 to ! ,gr& ,ma/] ( ,masons4 ,e lodge t has be5 duly con/itut$1 & its (fic]s in/all$1 is entitl$ to be repres5t$ 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & to =m1 inde$1 a con/itu5t "p ( t body4#da ,! repres5tatives ( a lodge are its ,ma/] & two ,w>d5s4#db ,?is "* ( repres5tation 0 e/abli%$ 9 #agah1 :5 ! f\r old lodges1 :i* organiz$ ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 agre$ to ext5d _! patronage to e lodge :i* %\ld h]eaft] be con/itut$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 accord+ to ! new regulations ( ! society2 & :ile su* lodges act$ 9 con=mity to ! anci5t con/itutions ( ! ,ord]1 to admit _! ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s to %>e ) !m all ! privileges ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 except+ prec$5ce ( rank4#dc ,=m]ly all ,ma/] ,masons 7 p]mitt$ to sit 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 or1 z x 0 !n call$1 ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 & repres5t _! lodge2 & !re=e ?is re/rict+ ! repres5tation to ! ?ree sup]ior (fic]s 01 9 fact1 a concession ( ! craft4 ,?is regulation is /ill g5]ally obs]v$2 b ,i regret to see a few ,gr& ,lodges 9 ?is c\ntry innovat+ on ! usage1 & /ill fur!r conf9+ ! repres5tation to ! ,ma/]s alone4 ,! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s are n m]ely 9 "n ! repres5tatives ( ! lodge1 b are b\nd1 on all que/ions t come be=e ! ,gr& ,lodge1 truly to repres5t _! lodge1 & vote accord+ to its in/ructions4 ,?is doctr9e is expressly laid d[n 9 ! ,g5]al ,regulations1 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,! majority ( e p>ticul> lodge1 :5 congregat$1 n else1 %all h ! privilege ( giv+ in/ructions to _! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s1 be=e ! meet+ ( ! ,gr& ,*apt]1 or ,qu>t]ly ,communication2 because ! said (fic]s are _! repres5tatives1 & are suppos$ to speak ! s5tim5ts ( _! ,bre?r5 at ! said ,gr& ,lodge4#dd ,e lodge has ! p[] to frame bye-laws = its own gov]nm5t1 provid$ !y are n contr>y to1 nor inconsi/5t )1 ! g5]al regulations ( ! ,gr& ,lodge2 nor ! l&m>ks ( ! ord]4#de ,b ^! bye-laws w n be valid1 until !y are submitt$ to & approv$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,& ?is is ! case1 also1 ) e subsequ5t alt]ation ( !m1 :i* mu/ 9 l mann] be submitt$ to ! ,gr& ,lodge = its approval4 ,a lodge has ! "r ( susp5d+ or exclud+ a memb] f 8 memb]%ip 9 ! lodge2 b x has no p[] to expel him f ! rights & privileges ( ,masonry1 except ) ! cons5t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,a subord9ate lodge tries its del9qu5t memb]1 &1 if guilty1 decl>es him expell$2 b ! s5t5ce is ( no =ce until ! ,gr& ,lodge1 "u ^: jurisdiction x is work+1 has confirm$ x4 ,& x is optional ) ! ,gr& ,lodge to d s1 or1 z is frequ5tly done1 to rev]se ! decision & re9/ate ! ,bro!r4 ,"s ( ! lodges 9 ?is c\ntry claim ! "r to expel1 indep5d5tly ( ! action ( ! ,gr& ,lodge2 b ! claim is n valid4 ,! v fact t an expulsion is a p5alty1 affect+ ! g5]al relations ( ! puni%$ p>ty ) ! :ole frat]nity1 proves t its ex]cise nev] c\ld1 ) propriety1 be intru/$ to a body s circumscrib$ 9 its au?ority z a subord9ate lodge4 ,accord+ly1 ! g5]al practice ( ! frat]nity is oppos$ to x2 & !re=e all expulsions are report$ to ! ,gr& ,lodge1 n m]ely z matt]s ( in=mation1 b t !y may be confirm$ by t body4 ,! ,engli% ,con/itutions are explicit on ?is subject4 ,9 ! ,gr& ,lodge alone1 !y decl>e1 resides ! p[] ( eras+ lodges & expell+ ,bre?r5 f ! craft1 a p[] :i* x ought n to delegate to any subord9ate au?ority 9 ,engl&4 ,!y all[1 h[ev]1 a subord9ate lodge to exclude a memb] f ! lodge2 9 :i* case he is furni%$ ) a c]tificate ( ! circum/ances ( 8 exclusion1 & !n may jo9 any o!r lodge t w accept him1 aft] be+ made acqua9t$ ) ! fact ( 8 exclusion1 & its cause4 ,?is usage has n be5 adopt$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,a lodge has a "r to levy su* annual contribution = memb]%ip z ! majority ( ! ,bre?r5 see fit4 ,?is is entirely a matt] ( contract1 ) :i* ! ,gr& ,lodge1 or ! craft 9 g5]al1 h no?+ to d4 ,x is1 inde$1 a mod]n usage1 unkn[n to ! frat]nity ( =m] times1 & 0 in/itut$ = ! conv5i5ce & support ( ! private lodges4 ,a lodge is entitl$ to select a "n = itself1 to be1 h[ev]1 approv$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge4#df ,b ! ,gr& ,lodge alone has ! p[] ( designat+ ! numb] by :i* ! lodge %all be di/+ui%$4 ,by its numb] alone is e lodge recogniz$ 9 ! regi/] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & accord+ to _! numb]s is ! prec$5ce ( ! lodges regulat$4 ,f9ally1 a lodge has c]ta9 rights 9 relation to its ,w>rant ( ,con/itution4 ,?is in/rum5t hav+ be5 grant$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 c be revok$ by no o!r au?ority4 ,! ,gr& ,ma/]1 !re=e1 has no p[]1 z he has 9 ! case ( a lodge "u disp5sation1 to )draw its ,w>rant1 except tempor>ily1 until ! next meet+ ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,nor is x 9 ! p[] ( ev5 ! majority ( ! lodge1 by any act ( _! own1 to resign ! ,w>rant4 ,= x has be5 laid d[n z a law1 t if ! majority ( ! lodge %\ld det]m9e to quit ! lodge1 or to resign _! w>rant1 su* action w\ld be ( no efficacy1 because ! ,w>rant ( ,con/itution1 & ! p[] ( assembl+1 w\ld rema9 ) ! re/ ( ! memb]s1 :o adh]e to _! allegiance4#dg ,b if all ! memb]s )draw !mselves1 _! ,w>rant ceases & becomes ext9ct4 ,if ! conduct ( a lodge has be5 su* z cle>ly to =feit its *>t]1 ! ,gr& ,lodge alone c decide t "q & pron\nce ! =feiture4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,duties ( a ,lodge4 ,s f> 9 relation to ! rights & privileges ( subord9ate lodges4 ,b !re are c]ta9 duties & obligations equally b9d+ ^u ^! bodies1 & c]ta9 p[]s1 9 ! ex]cise ( :i* !y are re/rict$4 ,^! w next engage our att5tion4 ,! fir/ great duty1 n only ( e lodge1 b ( e ,mason1 is to see t ! l&m>ks ( ! ,ord] %all nev] be impair$4 ,! ,g5]al ,regulations ( ,masonry--to :i* e ,ma/]1 at 8 in/allation1 is b\nd to ackn[l$ge 8 submission--decl>e t x is n 9 ! p[] ( any man1 or body ( m51 to make innovations 9 ! body ( ,masonry4 ,&1 h5ce1 no lodge1 )\t violat+ all ! impli$ & express obligations into :i* x has ent]$1 c1 9 any mann]1 alt] or am5d ! "w1 lectures1 & c]emonies ( ! in/itution4 ,z its memb]s h receiv$ ! ritual f _! pr$ecessors1 s are !y b\nd to transmit x1 un*ang$1 9 ! slighte/ degree1 to _! successors4 ,9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 alone1 resides ! p[] ( enact+ new regulations2 b1 ev5 x mu/ be c>eful t1 9 e su* regulation1 ! l&m>ks are pres]v$4 ,:51 !re=e1 we he> "y & inexp]i5c$ ,ma/]s speak ( mak+ improvem5ts 7z !y arrogantly call !m7 ^u ! old lectures or c]emonies1 we may be sure t su* ,ma/]s ei!r "k no?+ ( ! duties !y owe to ! craft1 or are willfully =getful ( ! solemn obligation :i* !y h contract$4 ,"s may suppose t ! anci5t ritual ( ! ,ord] is imp]fect1 & requires am5dm5t4 ,"o may ?9k t ! c]emonies are too simple1 & wi% to increase !m2 ano!r1 t !y are too complicat$1 & desire to simplify !m2 "o may be displeas$ ) ! antiquat$ language2 ano!r1 ) ! "* ( ! traditions2 a ?ird1 ) some?+ else4 ,b1 ! rule is imp]ative & absolute1 t no *ange c or mu/ be made to gratify individual ta/e4 ,z ! ,b>ons ( ,engl&1 once1 ) unanim\s voice1 exclaim$1 ,nolumus leges ,angli mut>e6 s d all good ,masons respond to e attempt at innovation1 ,we are unwill+ to alt] ! cu/oms ( ,freemasonry4 ,9 relation to ! election ( (fic]s1 a subord9ate lodge is all[$ to ex]cise no discretion4 ,! names & duties ( ^! (fic]s are prescrib$1 p>tly by ! l&m>ks or ! anci5t con/itutions1 & p>tly by ! regulations ( v>i\s ,gr& ,lodges4 ,:ile ! l&m>ks are pres]v$1 a ,gr& ,lodge may add to ! li/ ( (fic]s z x pleases2 & :atev] may be its regulation1 ! subord9ate lodges are b\nd to obey x2 nor c any su* lodge create new (fices nor aboli% old ones )\t ! cons5t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,lodges are also b\nd to elect _! (fic]s at a "t :i* is always det]m9$2 n by ! subord9ate1 b by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,nor c a lodge anticipate or po/pone x unless by a disp5sation f ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,no lodge c1 at an extra meet+1 alt] or am5d ! proce$+s ( a regul> meet+4 ,if su* 7 n ! rule1 an unwor?y ,ma/] might1 by /eal?1 convoke an extra meet+ ( a "p ( 8 lodge1 &1 by expung+ or alt]+ ! proce$+s ( ! previ\s regul> meet+1 or any p>ticul> "p ( !m1 annul any measures or resolutions t 7 n consonant ) 8 peculi> views4 ,no lodge c int]f]e ) ! "w or bus9ess ( any o!r lodge1 )\t its p]mission4 ,?is is an old regulation1 f\nd$ on ^? pr9ciples ( comity & bro!rly love t %\ld exi/ among all ,masons4 ,x is decl>$ 9 ! manuscript *>ges1 writt5 9 ! reign ( ,james ,,ii41 & 9 ! possession ( ! ,lodge ( ,antiquity1 at ,london1 t no ,ma/] or ,fell[ %all supplant o!rs ( _! "w2 t is to say1 t1 if he ha? tak5 a "w1 or else /& ,ma/] ( any "w1 t he %all n put him out1 unless he be unable ( cunn+ to make an end ( 8 "w4 ,&1 h5ce1 no lodge c pass or raise a c&idate :o 0 initiat$1 or initiate "o :o 0 reject$1 9 ano!r lodge4 ,x w\ld be highly improp]1 says ! ,ahiman ,rezon1 9 any lodge1 to conf] a degree on a ,bro!r :o is n ( _! h\se-hold2 =1 e lodge ought to be compet5t to manage _! own bus9ess1 & are ! be/ judges ( ! qualifications ( _! own memb]s4 ,i d n int5d1 at ! pres5t "t1 to inve/igate ! qualifications ( c&idates--z t subject w1 9 itself1 af=d ample mat]ials = a future inve/igation2 b1 x is necess>y t ,i %\ld say some?+ ( ! re/rictions "u :i* e lodge labors 9 respect to ! admission ( p]sons apply+ = degrees4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 no lodge c initiate a c&idate1 )\t previ\s notice1 & due exam9ation into 8 "*2 & n unless 8 petition has be5 read at "o regul> meet+ & act$ on at ano!r4 ,?is is 9 accordance ) ! anci5t regulations2 b1 an exception to x is all[$ 9 ! case ( an em]g5cy1 :5 ! lodge may read ! petition = admission1 &1 if ! applicant is well recomm5d$1 may proce$ at once to elect & initiate him4 ,9 "s jurisdictions1 ! nature ( ! em]g5cy mu/ be /at$ to ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 :o1 if he approves1 w grant a disp5sation2 b1 9 o!rs1 ! ,ma/]1 or ,ma/] & ,w>d5s1 are p]mitt$ to be compet5t judges1 & may proce$ to elect & initiate1 )\t su* disp5sation4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a adh]es to ! =m] cu/om1 & t ( ,engl& to ! latt]4 ,ano!r regulation is1 t no lodge c conf] m ?an two degrees1 at "o communication1 on ! same c&idate4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& is /ill m /r+5t on ?is subject1 & decl>es t no c&idate %all be p]mitt$ to receive m ?an "o degree1 on ! same day2 nor %all a high] degree 9 ,masonry be conf]r$ on any ,bro!r at a less int]val ?an f\r weeks f 8 receiv+ a previ\s degree1 nor until he has pass$ an exam9ation1 9 op5 lodge1 9 t degree4 ,?is rule is also 9 =ce 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a & sev]al o!r ( ! ,am]ican jurisdictions4 ,b1 ! law :i* =bids ! :ole ?ree degrees ( ,anci5t ,craft ,masonry to be conf]r$1 at ! same communication1 on "o c&idate1 is univ]sal 9 its application1 &1 z su*1 may be deem$ "o ( ! anci5t l&m>ks ( ! ,ord]4 ,!re is ano!r rule1 :i* seems to be ( univ]sal ext5t1 & is1 inde$1 conta9$ 9 ! ,g5]al ,regulations ( #agfg1 to ! foll[+ effect3 ,no lodge %all make m ?an five new ,bro!rs at "o & ! same "t1 )\t an urg5t necessity4 ,all lodges are b\nd to hold _! meet+s at lea/ once 9 e cal5d> mon?2 & e lodge neglect+ s to d = "o ye>1 !reby =feits its w>rant ( con/itution4 ,! subject ( ! removal ( lodges is ! la/ ?+ t %all engage our att5tion4 ,"h ! anci5t regulations ( ! craft h adopt$ _m gu>ds to prev5t ! caprici\s or improp] removal ( a lodge f its regul> place ( meet+4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 no lodge c be remov$ f ! t[n 9 :i* x is situat$1 to any o!r place1 )\t ! cons5t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,b1 a lodge may remove f "o "p ( ! t[n to ano!r1 ) ! cons5t ( ! memb]s1 "u ! foll[+ re/rictions3 ,! removal _c be made )\t ! ,ma/]'s k2 nor c any motion1 = t purpose1 be pres5t$ 9 8 abs5ce4 ,:5 su* a motion is made1 & prop]ly second$1 ! ,ma/] w ord] summonses to e memb]1 specify+ ! bus9ess1 & appo9t+ a day = consid]+ & det]m9+ ! affair4 ,& if !n a majority ( ! lodge1 ) ! ,ma/]1 or two-?irds1 )\t him1 cons5t to ! removal1 x %all take place2 b notice !re( mu/ be s5t1 at once1 to ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! ,g5]al ,regulations ( #agfg fur!r decl>e1 t su* removal mu/ be approv$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,i suppose t :]e ! removal ( ! lodge 0 only a matt] ( conv5i5ce to ! memb]s1 ! ,gr& ,lodge w\ld h>dly int]f]e1 b leave ! :ole subject to _! discretion2 b1 :]e ! removal w\ld be calculat$ to affect ! int]e/s ( ! lodge1 or ( ! frat]nity--z 9 ! case ( a removal to a h\se ( bad reputation1 or to a place ( evid5t insecurity--,i h no d\bt t ! ,gr& ,lodge1 z ! cons]vator ( ! "* & safety ( ! in/itution1 w\ld h a "r to int]pose its au?ority1 & prev5t ! improp] removal4 ,i h ?us treat$1 z concisely z ! important nature ( ! subjects w\ld p]mit1 ( ! p[]s1 privileges1 duties1 & obligations ( lodges1 & h endeavor$ to embrace1 )9 ! limits ( ! discussion1 all ^? prom95t pr9ciples ( ! ,ord]1 :i*1 z !y affect ! "* & op]ations ( ! craft 9 _! prim>y assemblies1 may prop]ly be ref]r$ to ! ,law ( ,subord9ate ,lodges4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,( ! ,(fic]s ( a ,subord9ate ,lodge4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,(fic]s 9 ,g5]al4 ,f\r (fic]s1 at lea/1 ! anci5t cu/oms ( ! craft require 9 e lodge2 & !y are consequ5tly f\nd ?r\gh\t ! globe4 ,^! are ! ,ma/]1 ! two ,w>d5s1 & ! ,til]4 ,almo/ equally univ]sal are ! (fices ( ,treasur]1 ,secret>y1 & two ,deacons4 ,b1 besides ^!1 !re may be additional (fic]s appo9t$ by diff]5t ,gr& ,lodges4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 = in/ance1 requires ! appo9tm5t ( an (fic]1 call$ ! ,inn] ,gu>d4 ,! ,gr& ,ori5t ( ,france has prescrib$ a v>iety ( (fic]s1 :i* are unkn[n to ,engli% & ,am]ican ,masonry4 ,! ,gr& ,lodges ( ,engl& & ,s\? ,c>ol9a direct t two ,/ew>ds %all be appo9t$1 :ile "s o!r ,gr& ,lodges make no su* requisition4 ,anci5t usage seems to h recogniz$ ! foll[+ (fic]s ( a subord9ate lodge3 ! ,ma/]1 two ,w>d5s1 ,treasur]1 ,secret>y1 two ,deacons1 two ,/ew>ds1 & ,til]2 & ,i %all !re=e treat ( ! duties & p[]s ( ^! (fic]s only1 9 ! c\rse ( ! pres5t *apt]4 ,! (fic]s ( a lodge are elect$ annually4 ,9 ?is c\ntry1 ! election takes place on ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/1 or at ! meet+ imm$iately previ\s2 b1 9 ?is latt] case1 ! duties ( ! (fices d n comm5ce until ,/4 ,john's day1 :i* may1 !re=e1 be consid]$ z ! beg9n+ ( ! masonic ye>4 ,dal*o lays d[n ! rule1 t no ,freemason *os5 into any (fice c refuse to s]ve 7unless he has be=e fill$ ! same (fice71 )\t incurr+ ! p5alties e/abli%$ by ! bye-laws4 ,und\bt$ly a lodge may enact su* a regulation1 & affix any reasonable p5alty2 b ,i am n aw>e ( any anci5t regulation :i* makes x incumb5t on subord9ate lodges to d s4 ,if any ( ! subord9ate (fic]s1 except ! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s1 die1 or be remov$ f (fice1 dur+ ! ye>1 ! lodge may1 "u ! au?ority ( a disp5sation f ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 ent] into an election to supply ! vacancy4 ,b 9 ! case ( ! dea? or removal ( ! ,ma/] or ei!r ( ! ,w>d5s1 no election c be held to supply ! vacancy1 ev5 by disp5sation1 = reasons :i* w appe> :5 ,i come to treat ( ^? (fices4 ,no (fic] c resign 8 (fice aft] he has be5 in/all$4 ,e (fic] is elect$ = twelve mon?s1 & at 8 in/allation solemnly promises to p]=m ! duties ( t (fice until ! next regul> day ( election2 & h5ce ! lodge _c p]mit him1 by a resignation1 to violate 8 obligation ( (fice4 ,ano!r rule is1 t e (fic] holds on to 8 (fice until 8 successor has be5 in/all$4 ,x is ! in/allation1 & n ! election1 :i* puts an (fic] into possession2 & ! fai?ful managem5t ( ! affairs ( ,masonry requires1 t betwe5 ! election & in/allation ( 8 successor1 ! pr$ecessor %all n vacate ! (fice1 b cont9ue to dis*>ge its duties4 ,an (fice c be vacat$ only by dea?1 p]man5t removal f ! jurisdiction1 or expulsion4 ,susp5sion does n vacate1 b only susp5ds ! p]=mance ( ! duties ( ! (fice1 :i* mu/ !n be tempor>ily dis*>g$ by "s o!r p]son1 to be appo9t$ f "t to "t2 =1 z soon z ! susp5d$ (fic] is re/or$1 he resumes ! dignities & duties ( 8 (fice4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,wor%ipful ,ma/]4 ,?is is probably ! mo/ important (fice 9 ! :ole sy/em ( ,masonry1 z1 ^u ! intellig5ce1 skill1 & fidelity ( ! ,ma/]s ( our lodges1 ! entire in/itution is dep5d5t = its prosp]ity4 ,x is an (fice :i* is *>g$ ) heavy responsibilities1 &1 z a j consequ5ce1 is accompani$ by ! inve/iture ( _m important p[]s4 ,a necess>y qualification ( ! ,ma/] ( a lodge is1 t he mu/ h previ\sly s]v$ 9 ! (fice ( a ,w>d54#dh ,?is qualification is sometimes disp5s$ ) 9 ! case ( new lodges1 or :]e no memb] ( an old lodge1 :o has s]v$ z a ,w>d51 w accept ! (fice ( ,ma/]4 ,b x is n necess>y t he %\ld h s]v$ z a ,w>d5 9 ! lodge ( :i* he is propos$ to be elect$ ,ma/]4 ,! dis*>ge ( ! duties ( a ,w>d51 by regul> election & in/allation 9 any o!r lodge1 & at any =m] p]iod1 w be a suffici5t qualification4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important duties ( ! ,ma/] ( a lodge is1 to see t ! edicts & regulations ( ! ,gr& ,lodge are obey$ by 8 ,bre?r51 & t 8 (fic]s fai?fully dis*>ge _! duties4 ,! ,ma/] has p>ticul>ly 9 *>ge ! w>rant ( ,con/itution1 :i* mu/ always be pres5t 9 8 lodge1 :5 op5$4 ,! ,ma/] has a "r to call a special meet+ ( 8 lodge :5ev] he pleases1 & is ! sole judge ( any em]g5cy :i* may require su* special communication4 ,he has1 also1 ! "r ( clos+ 8 lodge at any h\r t he may deem exp$i5t1 not)/&+ ! :ole bus9ess ( ! ev5+ may n h be5 transact$4 ,?is regulation arises f ! unwritt5 law ( ,masonry4 ,z ! ,ma/] is responsible to ! ,gr& ,lodge = ! fidelity ( ! "w done 9 8 lodge1 & z ! :ole ( ! labor is1 !re=e1 p]=m$ "u 8 sup]9t5d5ce1 x foll[s t1 to enable him to dis*>ge ?is responsibility1 he mu/ be inve/$ ) ! p[] ( comm5c+1 ( cont9u+1 or ( susp5d+ labor at su* "t z he may1 9 8 wisdom1 deem to be ! mo/ advantage\s to ! edifice ( ,masonry4 ,x foll[s f ?is rule t a "q ( adj\rnm5t _c be ent]ta9$ 9 a lodge4 ,! adoption ( a resolution to adj\rn1 w\ld involve ! necessity ( ! ,ma/] to obey x4 ,! p[]1 !re=e1 ( controll+ ! "w1 w\ld be tak5 out ( 8 h&s & plac$ 9 ^? ( ! memb]s1 :i* w\ld be 9 direct conflict ) ! duties impos$ ^u him by ! ritual4 ,! doctr9e t a lodge _c adj\rn1 b mu/ be clos$ or call$ (f at ! pleasure ( ! ,ma/]1 appe>s n[ to me to be v g5]ally admitt$4 ,! ,ma/] & 8 two ,w>d5s con/itute ! repres5tatives ( ! lodge 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & x is 8 duty to att5d ! communications ( t body on all conv5i5t occasions4#di ,:5 !re1 he is fai?fully to repres5t 8 lodge1 & on all que/ions discuss$1 to obey its in/ructions1 vot+ 9 e case r aga9/ 8 own convictions ?an aga9/ ! express$ wi% ( 8 lodge4 ,! ,ma/] presides n only ov] ! symbolic "w ( ! lodge1 b also ov] its bus9ess delib]ations1 & 9 ei!r case 8 decisions are rev]sible only by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,!re c be no appeal f 8 decision1 on any "q1 to ! lodge4 ,he is supreme 9 8 lodge1 s f> z ! lodge is conc]n$1 be+ am5able = 8 conduct 9 ! gov]nm5t ( x1 n to its memb]s1 b to ! ,grr& ,lodge alone4 ,if an appeal 7 propos$1 x w\ld be 8 duty1 = ! pres]vation ( discipl9e1 to refuse to put ! "q4 ,if a memb] is aggriev$ by ! conduct or decisions ( ! ,ma/]1 he has 8 r$ress by an appeal to ! ,grr& ,lodge1 :i* w1 ( c\rse1 see t ! ,ma/] does n rule 8 lodge 9 an unju/ or arbitr>y mann]4 ,b su* a ?+ z an appeal f ! ,ma/] ( ! lodge to its memb]s is unkn[n 9 ,masonry4 ,?is may1 at fir/ sight1 appe> to be giv+ too despotic p[] to ! ,ma/]4 ,b a slight reflection w conv9ce any "o t !re c be b little dang] ( oppression f "o s gu>d$ & controll$ z a ,ma/] is1 by ! sacr$ obligations ( 8 (fice1 & ! sup]vision ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :ile ! plac+ 9 ! h&s ( ! craft s p[]ful1 & at times1 & ) bad spirits1 s annoy+ a privilege z t ( imm$iate appeal1 w\ld necess>ily t5d to impair ! en]gies & less5 ! dignity ( ! ,ma/]1 :ile x w\ld be subv]sive ( t _s ( discipl9e :i* p]vades e "p ( ! in/itution1 & to :i* x is ma9ly indebt$ = its prosp]ity & p]petuity4 ,! anci5t *>ges rehe>s$ at ! in/allation ( a ,ma/]1 prescribe ! v>i\s moral qualifications :i* are requir$ 9 ! aspirant = t elevat$ & responsible (fice4 ,he is to be a good man1 & peaceable citiz5 or subject1 a respect] ( ! laws1 & a lov] ( 8 ,bre?r5--cultivat+ ! social virtues & promot+ ! g5]al good ( society z well z ( 8 own ,ord]4 ,)9 ! la/ few ye>s1 ! /&>d ( intellectual qualifications has be5 greatly elevat$4 ,& x is n[ admitt$ t ! ,ma/] ( a lodge1 to d ju/ice to ! exalt$ (fice :i* he holds1 to ! craft ov] :om he presides1 & to ! c&idates :om he is to in/ruct1 %\ld be n only a man ( irreproa*able moral "*1 b also ( exp&$ intellect & lib]al education4 ,/ill1 z !re is no express law ^u ?is subject1 ! selection ( a ,ma/] & ! det]m9ation ( 8 qualifications mu/ be left to ! judgm5t & good s5se ( ! memb]s4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,w>d5s4 ,! ,s5ior & ,junior ,w>d5 are ! assi/ants ( ! ,ma/] 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! lodge4 ,!y are select$ f among ! memb]s on ! floor1 ! possession ( a previ\s (fice n be+1 z 9 ! case ( ! ,ma/]1 a necess>y qualification = election4 ,9 ,engl& !y are appo9t$ by ! ,ma/]1 b 9 ?is c\ntry !y are univ]sally elect$ by ! lodge4 ,dur+ ! tempor>y abs5ce ( ! ,ma/] ! ,s5ior ,w>d5 has ! "r ( presid+1 ?\gh he may1 & (t5 does by c\rtesy1 invite a ,pa/ ,ma/] to assume ! *air4 ,9 l mann]1 9 ! abs5ce ( bo? ,ma/] & ,s5ior ,w>d51 ! ,junior ,w>d5 w preside1 & compet5t ,bre?r5 w by him be appo9t$ to fill ! vacant seats ( ! ,w>d5s4 ,b if ! ,ma/] & ,junior ,w>d5 be pres5t1 & ! ,s5ior ,w>d5 be abs5t1 ! ,junior ,w>d5 does n occupy ! ,we/1 b reta9s 8 own /ation1 ! ,ma/] appo9t+ "s ,bro!r to occupy ! /ation ( ! ,s5ior ,w>d54 ,= ! ,junior ,w>d5 succe$s by law only to ! (fice ( ,ma/]1 &1 unless t (fice be vacant1 he is b\nd to fulfill ! duties ( ! (fice to :i* he has be5 obligat$4 ,9 case ( ! dea?1 removal f ! jurisdiction1 or expulsion ( ! ,ma/]1 by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 no election c be held until ! con/itutional p]iod4 ,! ,s5ior ,w>d5 w take ! ,ma/]'s place & preside ov] ! lodge1 :ile 8 seat w be tempor>ily fill$ f "t to "t by appo9tm5t4 ,! ,s5ior ,w>d5 be+ 9 fact /ill 9 exi/5ce1 & only dis*>g+ "o ( ! highe/ duties ( 8 (fice1 t ( presid+ 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,ma/]1 8 (fice _c be decl>$ vacant & !re c be no election = x4 ,9 su* case1 ! ,junior ,w>d51 = ! reason already assign$1 w cont9ue at 8 own /ation 9 ! ,s\?4 ,9 case ( ! dea?1 removal1 or expulsion ( bo? ,ma/] & ,s5ior ,w>d51 ! ,junior ,w>d5 w dis*>ge ! duties ( ! ,ma/]%ip & make tempor>y appo9tm5ts ( bo? ,w>d5s4 ,x mu/ always be rememb]$ t ! ,w>d5s succe$ accord+ to s5iority to ! (fice ( ,ma/] :5 vacant1 b t nei!r c legally dis*>ge ! duties ( ! o!r4 ,x mu/ also be rememb]$ t :5 a ,w>d5 succe$s to ! gov]nm5t ( ! lodge1 he does n become ! ,ma/]2 he is /ill only a ,w>d5 dis*>g+ ! functions ( a high] vacat$ /ation1 z "o ( ! express$ duties ( 8 own (fice4 ,a recollection ( ^! di/9ctions w enable u to avoid mu* emb>rassm5t 9 ! consid]ation ( all ! que/ions incid5t to ?is subject4 ,if ! ,ma/] be pres5t1 ! ,w>d5s assi/ him 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! lodge4 ,! ,s5ior ,w>d5 presides ov] ! craft :ile at labor1 & ! ,junior :5 !y are 9 refre%m5t4 ,=m]ly ! exam9ation ( visitors 0 intru/$ to ! ,junior ,w>d51 b ?is duty is n[ m appropriately p]=m$ by ! ,/ew>ds or a special committee appo9t$ = t purpose4 ,! ,s5ior ,w>d5 has ! appo9tm5t ( ! ,s5ior ,deacon1 & ! ,junior ,w>d5 t ( ! ,/ew>ds4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ! ,treasur]4 ,( s mu* importance is ?is (fice deem$1 t 9 ,engli% ,lodges1 :ile all ! o!r (fic]s are appo9t$ by ! ,ma/]1 ! ,treasur] alone is elect$ by ! lodge4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 s+ul>1 t 9 ! ritual ( in/allation1 ,pre/on furni%es no address to ! ,treasur] on 8 inve/iture4 ,webb1 h[ev]1 has suppli$ ! omission1 & ! *>ge giv5 9 8 "w to ?is (fic]1 on ! night ( 8 in/allation1 hav+ be5 univ]sally ackn[l$g$ & adopt$ by ! craft 9 ?is c\ntry1 w furni% u ) ! mo/ important po9ts ( ! law 9 relation to 8 duties4 ,x is1 !n1 9 ! fir/ place1 ! duty ( ! ,treasur] to receive all moneys f ! h&s ( ! ,secret>y4 ,! ,treasur] is only ! bank] ( ! lodge4 ,all fees = initiation1 arre>ages ( memb]s1 & all o!r dues to ! lodge1 %\ld be fir/ receiv$ by ! ,secret>y1 & paid imm$iately ov] to ! ,treasur] = safe keep+4 ,! keep+ ( j & regul> acc\nts is ano!r duty pres5t$ to ! ,treasur]4 ,z soon z he has receiv$ an am\nt ( money f ! ,secret>y1 he %\ld transf] ! acc\nt ( x to 8 books4 ,by ?is means1 ! ,secret>y & ,treasur] become mutual *ecks ^u ea* o!r1 & ! safety ( ! funds ( ! lodge is secur$4 ,! ,treasur] is n only ! bank]1 b also ! disburs+ (fic] ( ! lodge2 b he is direct$ to pay no money except ) ! cons5t ( ! lodge & on ! ord] ( ! ,wor%ipful ,ma/]4 ,x seems to me1 !re=e1 t e w>rant drawn on him %\ld be sign$ by ! ,ma/]1 & ! action ( ! lodge atte/$ by ! c\nt]-signature ( ! ,secret>y4 ,x is usual1 9 consequ5ce ( ! great responsibility ( ! ,treasur]1 to select "s ,bro!r ( worldly sub/ance = ! (fice2 & /ill fur!r to insure ! safety ( ! funds1 by exact+ f him a bond1 ) suffici5t security4 ,he sometimes receives a p] c5tage1 or a fix$ sal>y1 = 8 s]vices4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,secret>y4 ,x is ! duty ( ! ,secret>y to record all ! proce$+s ( ! lodge1 :i* may be committ$ to pap]2 to conduct ! correspond5ce ( ! lodge1 & to receive all moneys due ! lodge f any s\rce :atsoev]4 ,he is1 !re=e1 ! record+1 correspond+1 & receiv+ (fic] ( ! lodge4 ,by receiv+ ! moneys due to ! lodge 9 ! fir/ place1 & !n pay+ !m ov] to ! ,treasur]1 he becomes1 z ,i h already obs]v$1 a *eck ^u t (fic]4 ,9 view ( ! _m labori\s duties :i* devolve ^u him1 ! ,secret>y1 9 _m lodges1 receives a comp5sation = 8 s]vices4 ,%\ld ! ,treasur] or ,secret>y die or be expell$1 !re is no d\bt t an election = a successor1 to fill ! unexpir$ t]m1 may be held by disp5sation f ! ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,b ! incompet5cy ( ei!r ( ^! (fic]s to p]=m 8 duties1 by reason ( ! infirmity ( sickness or removal f ! seat ( ! lodge1 w n1 ,i ?9k1 au?orize su* an election4 ,because ! orig9al (fic] may recov] f 8 infirmity1 or return to 8 resid5ce1 &1 9 ei!r case1 hav+ be5 elect$ & in/all$ = "o ye>1 he mu/ rema9 ! ,secret>y or ,treasur] until ! expiration ( ! p]iod = :i* he _h be5 s elect$ & in/all$1 &1 !re=e1 on 8 recov]y or 8 return1 is entitl$ to resume all ! pr]ogatives & functions ( 8 (fice4 ,! case ( dea?1 or ( expulsion1 :i* is1 9 fact1 masonic dea?1 is diff]5t1 because all ! rights possess$ dur+ life cease ex necessitate rei1 & =ev] lapse at ! "t ( ! said physical or masonic dea?2 & 9 ! latt] case1 a re/oration to all ! rights & privileges ( ,masonry w\ld n re/ore ! p>ty to any (fice :i* he _h held at ! "t ( 8 expulsion4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ! ,deacons4 ,9 e lodge !re are two ( ^! (fic]s--a ,s5ior & a ,junior ,deacon4 ,!y are n elect$1 b appo9t$2 ! =m] by ! ,ma/]1 & ! latt] by ! ,s5ior ,w>d54 ,! duties ( ^! (fic]s are _m & important2 b !y are s well def9$ 9 ! ritual z to require no fur!r consid]ation 9 ?is place4 ,! only "q t "h invites our exam9ation is1 :e!r ! ,deacons1 z appo9t$ (fic]s1 are removable at ! pleasure ( ! (fic]s :o appo9t$ !m2 or1 :e!r !y reta9 _! (fices1 l ! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s1 until ! expiration ( ! ye>4 ,masonic au?orities are sil5t on ?is subject2 b1 bas+ my judgm5t ^u analogy1 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t !y are n removable3 all ! (fic]s ( a lodge are *os5 to s]ve = "o ye>1 or1 f "o fe/ival ( ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/ to ! succe$+ "o4 ,?is has be5 ! inv>iable usage 9 all lodges1 & nei!r 9 ! monitorial c]emonies ( in/allation1 nor 9 any rules or regulations :i* ,i h se51 is any exception to ?is usage made 9 respect to ,deacons4 ,! writt5 z well z ! oral law ( ,masonry be+ sil5t on ?is subject1 we are b\nd to give !m ! b5efit ( ?is sil5ce1 & place !m 9 ! same favorable position z t occupi$ by ! sup]ior (fic]s1 :o1 we "k1 by express law are entitl$ to occupy _! /ations = "o ye>4 ,moreov]1 ! p[] ( removal is too important to be ex]cis$ except "u ! sanction ( an express$ law1 & is contr>y to ! :ole _s ( ,masonry1 :i*1 :ile x inve/s a presid+ (fic] ) ! l>ge/ ext5t ( pr]ogative1 is equally c>eful ( ! rights ( ! y\nge/ memb] ( ! frat]nity4 ,f ^! reasons ,i am compell$ to believe t ! ,deacons1 al?\gh orig9ally appo9t$ by ! ,ma/] & ,s5ior ,w>d51 are n removable by ei!r1 b reta9 _! (fices until ! expiration ( ! ye>4 ,section ,,vii4 ,( ! ,/ew>ds4 ,! ,/ew>ds1 :o are two 9 numb]1 are appo9t$ by ! ,junior ,w>d51 & sit on ! "r & left ( him 9 ! lodge4 ,_! orig9al duties 71 to assi/ 9 ! collection ( dues & subscriptions2 to keep an acc\nt ( ! lodge exp5ses2 to see t ! tables are prop]ly furni%$ at refre%m5t1 & t e ,bro!r is suitably provid$ =4 ,!y are also consid]$ z ! assi/ants ( ! ,deacons 9 ! dis*>ge ( _! duties1 &1 lately1 "s lodges are beg9n+ to confide to !m ! important tru/s ( a /&+ committee = ! exam9ation ( visitors & ! prep>ation ( c&idates4 ,:at has be5 said 9 relation to ! removal ( ! ,deacons 9 ! prec$+ section1 is equally applicable to ! ,/ew>ds4 ,section ,,viii4 ,( ! ,til]4 ,?is is an (fice ( great importance1 & mu/1 f ! peculi> nature ( our in/itution1 h exi/$ f its v beg9n+4 ,no lodge c\ld ev] h be5 op5$ until a ,til] 0 appo9t$1 & /ation$ to gu>d its portals f ! approa* ( c[ans & eavesdropp]s4 ,! qualifications requisite = ! (fice ( a ,til] are1 t he mu/ be a wor?y ,ma/] ,mason4 ,an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 or a ,fell[ ,craft1 _c tile a lodge1 ev5 ?\gh x be op5$ 9 8 own degree4 ,to none b ,ma/] ,masons c ?is important duty ( gu>dian%ip be intru/$4 ,! ,til] is n necess>ily a memb] ( ! lodge :i* he tiles4 ,!re is no regulation requir+ ?is qualification4 ,9 fact1 9 l>ge cities1 "o ,bro!r (t5 acts z ! ,til] ( sev]al lodges4 ,if1 h[ev]1 he is a memb] ( ! lodge1 8 (fice does n deprive him ( ! rights ( memb]%ip1 & 9 ballot+s = c&idates1 election ( (fic]s1 or o!r important que/ions1 he is entitl$ to ex]cise 8 privilege ( vot+1 9 :i* case ! ,junior ,deacon w tempor>ily occupy 8 /ation1 :ile he ent]s ! lodge to deposit 8 ballot4 ,?is appe>s to be ! g5]al usage ( ! craft 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! ,til] is sometimes elect$ by ! lodge1 & sometimes appo9t$ by ! ,ma/]4 ,x seems g5]ally to be admitt$ t he may be remov$ f (fice = misconduct or neglect ( duty1 by ! lodge1 if he has be5 elect$1 & by ! ,ma/]1 if he has be5 appo9t$4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,( ,rules ( ,ord]4 ,! safety ( ! m9ority1 ! pres]vation ( h>mony1 & ! dispat* ( bus9ess1 all require t !re %\ld be1 9 e well-regulat$ society1 "s rules & =ms = ! gov]nm5t ( _! proce$+s1 &1 z has be5 ju/ly obs]v$ by an able writ] on p>liam5t>y law1 :e!r ^! =ms be 9 all cases ! mo/ rational or n1 is really n ( s great importance2 = x is mu* m mat]ial t !re %\ld be a rule to g by1 ?an :at t rule is4#ej ,by common cons5t1 ! rules e/abli%$ = ! gov]nm5t ( ,p>liam5t 9 ,engl&1 & ( ,congress 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & :i* are kn[n collectively "u ! "n ( ,p>liam5t>y ,law1 h be5 adopt$ = ! regulation ( all delib]ative bodies1 :e!r ( a public or private nature4 ,b lodges ( ,freemasons diff] s mu* 9 _! organization & "* f o!r societies1 t ?is law w1 9 v few cases1 be f\nd applicable2 &1 inde$1 9 _m positively inapplicable to !m4 ,! rules1 !re=e1 = ! gov]nm5t ( masonic lodges are 9 g5]al to be d$uc$ f ! usages ( ! ,ord]1 f traditional or writt5 au?ority1 & :]e bo? ( !m are sil5t1 f analogy to ! "* ( ! in/itution4 ,to ea* ( ^! s\rces1 !re=e1 ,i %all apply1 9 ! c\rse ( ! pres5t *apt]1 & 9 "s few in/ances1 :]e ! p>liam5t>y law co9cides ) our own1 ref]5ce w be made to ! au?ority ( ! be/ writ]s on t sci5ce4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,ord] ( ,bus9ess4 ,:5 ! ,bre?r5 h be5 congregat$1 or call$ toge!r by ! presid+ (fic]1 ! fir/ ?+ to be att5d$ to is ! c]emony ( op5+ ! lodge4 ,! consid]ation ( ?is subject1 z x is suffici5tly detail$ 9 our ritual1 w =m no "p ( ! pres5t "w4 ,! lodge hav+ be5 op5$1 ! next ?+ to be att5d$ to is ! read+ ( ! m9utes ( ! la/ communication4 ,! m9utes hav+ be5 read1 ! presid+ (fic] w put ! "q on _! confirmation1 hav+ fir/ inquir$ ( ! ,s5ior & ,junior ,w>d5s1 & la/ly ( ! ,bre?r5 ar\nd ! lodge1 :e!r !y h any alt]ations to propose4 ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d1 t ! "q ( confirmation is simply a "q :e!r ! ,secret>y has fai?fully & correctly record$ ! transactions ( ! lodge4 ,if1 !re=e1 x c be satisfactorily %[n by any "o t !re is a mis-entry1 or ! omission ( an entry1 ?is is ! "t to correct x2 & :]e ! matt] is ( suffici5t importance1 & ! record+ (fic]1 or any memb] disputes ! *>ge ( error1 ! vote ( ! lodge w be tak5 on ! subject1 & ! j\rnal w be am5d$ or rema9 z writt51 accord+ to ! op9ion s express$ by ! majority ( ! memb]s4 ,z ?is is1 h[ev]1 a m]e "q ( memory1 x mu/ be app>5t t ^? memb]s only :o 7 pres5t at ! previ\s communication1 ! records ( :i* are "u exam9ation1 are qualifi$ to express a fair op9ion4 ,all o!rs %\ld ask & be p]mitt$ to be excus$ f vot+4 ,z no special communication c alt] or am5d ! proce$+s ( a regul> "o1 x is n deem$ necess>y to pres5t ! records ( ! latt] to ! inspection ( ! =m]4 ,?is prelim9>y read+ ( ! m9utes is1 !re=e1 always omitt$ at special communications4 ,aft] ! read+ ( ! m9utes1 unf9i%$ bus9ess1 su* z motions previ\sly submitt$ & reports ( committees previ\sly appo9t$1 w take ! pref]5ce ( all o!r matt]s4 ,special communications be+ call$ = ! consid]ation ( "s special subject1 t subject mu/ ( c\rse claim ! priority ( consid]ation ov] all o!rs4 ,9 l mann]1 :]e any bus9ess has be5 specially & specifically po/pon$ to ano!r communication1 x con/itutes at t communication :at is call$1 9 p>liam5t>y law1 ! ord] ( ! day1 & may at any "t 9 ! c\rse ( ! ev5+ be call$ up1 to ! exclusion ( all o!r bus9ess4 ,! lodge may1 h[ev]1 at its discretion1 refuse to take up ! consid]ation ( su* ord]2 = ! same body :i* det]m9$ at "o "t to consid] a "q1 may at ano!r "t refuse to d s4 ,?is is "o ( ^? in/ances 9 :i* p>liam5t>y usage is applicable to ! gov]nm5t ( a lodge4 ,jeff]son says3 ,:]e an ord] is made1 t any p>ticul> matt] be tak5 up on any p>ticul> day1 !re a "q is to be put1 :5 x is call$ =1 ,:e!r ! h\se w n[ proce$ to t matt]8 ,9 a lodge1 h[ev]1 x is n ! usage to propose su* a "q1 b ! matt] be+ call$ up1 is discuss$ & act$ on1 unless "s ,bro!r moves its po/ponem5t1 :5 ! "q ( po/ponem5t is put4 ,b ) ^! exceptions1 ! unf9i%$ bus9ess mu/ fir/ be dispos$ (1 to avoid its accumulation & its possible subsequ5t neglect4#ea ,new bus9ess w !n be tak5 up 9 su* ord] z ! local bye-laws prescribe1 or ! wisdom ( ! ,wor%ipful ,ma/] may sugge/4 ,9 a discussion1 :5 any memb] wi%es to speak1 he mu/ /& up 9 8 place1 & address himself n to ! lodge1 nor to any p>ticul> ,bro!r1 b to ! presid+ (fic]1 /yl+ him ,wor%ipful4 ,:5 two or m memb]s rise ne>ly toge!r1 ! presid+ (fic] det]m9es :o is entitl$ to speak1 & calls him by 8 "n1 :]eupon he proce$s1 unless he volunt>ily sits d[n1 & gives way to ! o!r4 ,! ord9>y rules ( c\rtesy1 :i* %\ld gov]n a masonic body above all o!r societies1 z well z ! g5]al usage ( delib]ative bodies1 require t ! "o fir/ up %\ld be entitl$ to ! floor4 ,b ! decision ( ?is fact is left entirely to ! ,ma/]1 or presid+ (fic]4 ,:e!r a memb] be entitl$ to speak once or twice to ! same "q1 is left to ! regulation ( ! local bye-laws ( e lodge4 ,b1 "u all circum/ances1 x seems to be conc$$1 t a memb] may rise at any "t ) ! p]mission ( ! presid+ (fic]1 or = ! purpose ( explanation4 ,a memb] may be call$ to ord] by any o!r :ile speak+1 = ! use ( any indecor\s rem>k1 p]sonal allusion1 or irrelevant matt]2 b ?is mu/ be done 9 a c\rte\s & conciliatory mann]1 & ! "q ( ord] w at once be decid$ by ! presid+ (fic]4 ,no ,bro!r is to be int]rupt$ :ile speak+1 except = ! purpose ( call+ him to ord]1 or to make a necess>y explanation2 nor are any sep>ate conv]sations1 or1 z !y are call$ 9 our anci5t *>ges1 private committees1 to be all[$4 ,e memb] ( ! ,ord] is1 9 ! c\rse ( ! debate z well z at all o!r times 9 ! lodge1 to be address$ by ! title ( ,bro!r1 & no secul> or worldly titles are ev] to be us$4 ,9 accordance ) ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice1 ! p>liam5t>y usage is adopt$1 :i* p]mits ! mov] ( a resolution to make ! conclud+ spee*1 t he may reply to all ^? :o h spok5 aga9/ x1 & sum up ! argum5ts 9 its favor4 ,& x w\ld be a brea* ( ord] z well z ( c\rtesy = any ( 8 oppon5ts to respond to ?is f9al argum5t ( ! mov]4 ,x is )9 ! discretion ( ! ,ma/]1 at any "t 9 ! c\rse ( ! ev5+1 to susp5d ! bus9ess ( ! lodge = ! purpose ( proce$+ to ! c]emony ( initiation1 = ! "w ( ,masonry1 z x is te*nically call$1 takes prec$5ce ( all o!r bus9ess4 ,:5 all bus9ess1 bo? old & new1 & ! initiation ( c&idates1 if !re be any1 has be5 dispos$ (1 ! presid+ (fic] inquires ( ! (fic]s & memb]s if !re be any?+ m to be propos$ be=e clos+4 ,cu/om has prescrib$ a =mul>y = mak+ ?is inquiry1 :i* is 9 ! foll[+ words4 ,! ,wor%ipful ,ma/]1 address+ ! ,s5ior & ,junior ,w>d5s & !n ! ,bre?r51 successively1 says3 ,bro!r ,s5ior1 h y any?+ to (f] 9 ! ,we/ = ! good ( ,masonry 9 g5]al or ( ?is lodge 9 p>ticul>8 ,any?+ 9 ! ,s\?1 ,bro!r ,junior8 ,ar\nd ! lodge1 ,bre?r58 ,! answ]s to ^! inquiries be+ 9 ! negative on ! "p ( ! ,w>d5s1 & sil5ce on t ( ! craft1 ! ,ma/] proce$s to close ! lodge 9 ! mann] prescrib$ 9 ! ritual4 ,! read+ ( ! m9utes ( ! ev5+1 n = confirmation1 b = sugge/ion1 le/ any?+ may h be5 omitt$1 %\ld always prec$e ! clos+ c]emonies1 unless1 f ! lat5ess ( ! h\r1 x be disp5s$ ) by ! memb]s4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ,appeals f ! ,decision ( ! ,*air4 ,freemasonry diff]s f all o!r in/itutions1 9 p]mitt+ no appeal to ! lodge f ! decision ( ! presid+ (fic]4 ,! ,ma/] is supreme 9 8 lodge1 s f> z ! lodge is conc]n$4 ,he is am5able = 8 conduct1 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! lodge1 n to its memb]s1 b to ! ,gr& ,lodge alone4 ,9 decid+ po9ts ( ord] z well z grav] matt]s1 no appeal c be tak5 f t decision to ! lodge4 ,if an appeal 7 propos$1 x w\ld be 8 duty1 = ! pres]vation ( discipl9e1 to refuse to put ! "q4 ,x is1 9 fact1 wrong t ! ,ma/] %\ld ev5 by c\rtesy p]mit su* an appeal to be tak52 because1 z ! ,committee ( ,correspond5ce ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,t5nessee h wisely rem>k$1 by ! admission ( su* appeals by c\rtesy1 is e/abli%$ ultimately a prec$5t f :i* w be claim$ ! "r to take appeals4#eb ,if a memb] is aggriev$ ) ! conduct or ! decisions ( ! ,ma/]1 he has 8 r$ress by an appeal to ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :i* w ( c\rse see t ! ,ma/] does n rule 8 lodge 9 an unju/ or arbitr>y mann]4 ,b su* a ?+ z an appeal f ! ,ma/] to ! lodge is unkn[n 9 ,masonry4 ,?is1 at fir/ view1 may appe> to be giv+ too despotic a p[] to ! ,ma/]4 ,b a little reflection w conv9ce any "o t !re c be b slight dang] ( oppression f "o s gu>d$ & controll$ z ! ,ma/] is by ! obligations ( 8 (fice & ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 :ile ! plac+ 9 ! h&s ( ! craft s p[]ful1 &1 ) bad spirits1 s annoy+ a privilege z t ( imm$iate appeal1 w\ld necess>ily t5d to impair ! en]gies & less5 ! dignity ( ! ,ma/]1 at ! same "t t x w\ld be totally subv]sive ( t _s ( /rict discipl9e :i* p]vades e "p ( ! in/itution1 & to :i* x is ma9ly indebt$ = its prosp]ity & p]petuity4 ,9 e case :]e a memb] supposes himself to be aggriev$ by ! decision ( ! ,ma/]1 he %\ld make 8 appeal to ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to add1 t a ,w>d5 or ,pa/ ,ma/]1 presid+ 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,ma/]1 assumes = ! "t all ! rights & pr]ogatives ( ! ,ma/]4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,mode ( ,tak+ ! ,"q4 ,! "q 9 ,masonry is n tak5 viva voce or by aye & nay4 ,?is %\ld always be done by a %[ ( h&s4 ,! regulation on ?is subject 0 adopt$ n lat] ?an ! ye> #aged1 at :i* "t ! ,book ( ,con/itutions 0 revis$1 & ! necess>y alt]ations & additions made1 consi/5t ) ! laws & rules ( ,masonry1 & accord+ly1 9 ! edition publi%$ 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 ! regulation is laid d[n 9 ^! words--,! op9ions or votes ( ! memb]s are always to be signifi$ by ea* hold+ up "o ( 8 h&s3 :i* uplift$ h&s ! ,gr& ,w>d5s are to c\nt2 unless ! numb] ( h&s be s unequal z to r5d] ! c\nt+ useless4 ,nor %\ld any o!r k9d ( division be ev] admitt$ among ,masons4#ec ,call+ = ! yeas & nays has be5 almo/ univ]sally condemn$ z an unmasonic practice1 nor %\ld any ,ma/] all[ x to be resort$ to 9 8 lodge4 ,mov+ ! previ\s "q1 a p>liam5t>y inv5tion = /opp+ all discussion1 is /ill m at v>iance ) ! lib]al & h>moni\s _s :i* %\ld di/+ui% masonic debates1 & is1 !re=e1 nev] to be p]mitt$ 9 a lodge4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ,adj\rnm5ts4 ,adj\rnm5t is a t]m n recogniz$ 9 ,masonry4 ,!re are b two ways 9 :i* ! communication ( a lodge c be t]m9at$2 & ^! are ei!r by clos+ ! lodge1 or by call+ f labor to refre%m5t4 ,9 ! =m] case ! bus9ess ( ! communication is f9ally dispos$ ( until ! next communication2 9 ! latt] ! lodge is /ill suppos$ to be op5 & may resume its labors at any "t indicat$ by ! ,ma/]4 ,b bo? ! "t ( clos+ ! lodge & ( call+ x f labor to refre%m5t is to be det]m9$ by ! absolute w & ! free judgm5t ( ! ,wor%ipful ,ma/]1 to :om alone is intru/$ ! c>e ( sett+ ! craft to "w1 & giv+ !m :olesome in/ruction = labor4 ,he alone is responsible to ! ,gr& ,ma/] & ! ,gr& ,lodge1 t 8 lodge %all be op5$1 cont9u$1 & clos$ 9 h>mony2 & z x is by 8 w & pleasure only t x is op5$1 s is x by 8 w & pleasure only t x c be clos$4 ,any attempt1 !re=e1 on ! "p ( ! lodge to ent]ta9 a motion = adj\rnm5t w\ld be an infr+em5t ( ?is pr]ogative ( ! ,ma/]4 ,su* a motion is1 !re=e1 always out ( ord]1 & _c be2 & _c be act$ on4 ,! rule t a lodge _c adj\rn1 b rema9 9 session until clos$ by ! ,ma/]1 d]ives an au?oritative sanction also f ! foll[+ clause 9 ! fif? ( ! ,old ,*>ges4 ,all ,masons employ$ %all meekly receive _! wages )\t murmur+ or mut9y1 & n des]t ! ,ma/] till ! "w is f9i%$4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,appo9tm5t ( ,committees4 ,x is ! pr]ogative ( ! ,ma/] to appo9t all ,committees1 unless by a special resolution provision has be5 made t a committee %all o!rwise be appo9t$4 ,! ,ma/] is also1 ex (ficio1 *airman ( e committee :i* he *ooses to att5d1 al?\gh he may n orig9ally h be5 nam$ a memb] ( su* committee4 ,b he may1 if he *ooses1 waive ?is privilege2 yet he may1 at any "t dur+ ! session ( ! committee1 reassume 8 inh]5t pr]ogative ( gov]n+ ! craft at all times :5 9 8 pres5ce1 & !re=e take ! *air4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ! ,mode ( ,keep+ ! ,m9utes4 ,masonry is preem95tly an in/itution ( =ms1 & h5ce1 z 0 to be expect$1 !re is a p>ticul> =m provid$ = record+ ! proce$+s ( a lodge4 ,p]haps ! be/ me?od ( communicat+ ?is =m to ! read] w be1 to record ! proce$+s ( a supposititi\s meet+ or communication4 ,! foll[+ =m1 !re=e1 embraces ! mo/ important transactions t usually occur dur+ ! session ( a lodge1 & x may s]ve z an exempl>1 = ! use ( secret>ies4 ,a regul> communication ( ---- ,lodge1 ,,no4 ----1 0 hold5 at ----2 on ----1 ! ---- day ( ----,a43 ,l43 #eh--4 ,pres5t4 ,bro43 ,a4 ,b----1 ,w43 ,ma/]4 ,b4 ,c----1 ,s43 ,w>d54 ,c4 ,d----1 ,j43 ,w>d54 ,d4 ,e----1 ,treasur]4 ,e4 ,f----1 ,secret>y4 ,f4 ,g----1 ,s43 ,deacon4 ,g4 ,h----1 ,j43 ,deacon4 ,h4 ,i----1 ,/ew>ds4 ,i4 ,k----1 ,k4 ,l----1 ,til]4 ,memb]s4 ,bro43 ,l4 ,m---- ,m4 ,n---- ,n4 ,o---- ,o4 ,p---- ,visitors4 ,p4 ,q---- ,q4 ,r---- ,r4 ,s---- ,s4 ,t---- ,! ,lodge 0 op5$ 9 due =m on ! ?ird degree ( ,masonry4 ,! m9utes ( ! regul> communication ( ---- 7 read & confirm$4#ed ,! committee on ! petition ( ,mr4 ,c4 ,b41 a c&idate = initiation1 report$ favorably1 :]eupon he 0 ballot$ = & duly elect$4 ,! committee on ! application ( ,mr4 ,d4 ,c41 a c&idate = initiation1 report$ favorably1 :]eupon he 0 ballot$ =1 & ! box appe>+ f\l he 0 reject$4 ,! committee on ! application ( ,mr4 ,e4 ,d41 a c&idate = initiation1 hav+ report$ unfavorably1 he 0 decl>$ reject$ )\t a ballot4 ,! petition ( ,mr4 ,f4 ,e41 a c&idate = initiation1 hav+ be5 )drawn by 8 fri5ds1 he 0 decl>$ reject$ )\t a ballot4 ,a petition = initiation f ,mr4 ,g4,f41 inclos+ ! usual am\nt & recomm5d$ by ,bros4 ,c4 ,d4---- & ,h4 ,i4----1 0 ref]r$ to a committee ( inve/igation consi/+ ( ,bros4 ,g4 ,h4----1 ,l4 ,m4----1 & ,o4 ,p4----4 ,bro4 ,s4,r41 an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 hav+ appli$ = advancem5t1 0 duly elect$ to take ! second degree2 & ,bro4 ,w4,y41 a ,fell[ ,craft1 01 on 8 application = advancem5t1 duly elect$ to take ! ?ird degree4 ,a lett] 0 read f ,mrs4 ,t4 ,v4----1 ! wid[ ( a ,ma/] ,mason1 :5 ! sum ( tw5ty doll>s 0 vot$ = h] relief4 ,! am5dm5t to article #aj1 section #e ( ! bye-laws1 propos$ by ,bro4 ,m4 ,n4 ---- at ! communication ( ----1 0 read a ?ird "t1 adopt$ by a con/itutional majority & ord]$ to be s5t to ! ,gr& ,lodge = approval & confirmation4 ,! ,lodge ( ,ma/] ,masons 0 !n clos$1 & a lodge ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices op5$ 9 due =m4 ,mr4 ,c4 ,b41 a c&idate = initiation1 be+ 9 wait+1 0 duly prep>$1 br\ght =w>d & initiat$ z an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 he pay+ ! usual fee4 ,! ,lodge ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices 0 !n clos$1 & a ,lodge ( ,fell[ ,crafts op5$ 9 due =m4 ,bro4 ,s4 ,r41 an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 be+ 9 wait+1 0 duly prep>$1 br\ght =w>d & pass$ to ! degree ( a ,fell[ ,craft1 he pay+ ! usual fee4 ,! ,lodge ( ,fell[ ,crafts 0 !n clos$1 & a lodge ( ,ma/] ,masons op5$ 9 due =m4 ,bro4 ,w4 ,y41 a ,fell[ ,craft1 be+ 9 wait+1 0 duly prep>$1 br\ght =w>d & rais$ to ! sublime degree ( a ,ma/] ,mason1 he pay+ ! usual fee4 ,am\nt receiv$ ?is ev5+1 z foll[s3 ,petition ( ,mr4 ,g4 ,f41 #e ,fee ( ,bro4 ,c4 ,b41 #e d4 ( ,bro4 ,s4 ,r41 #e d4 ( ,bro4 ,w4 ,y41 #e--,total1 #bj all ( :i* 0 paid ov] to ! ,treasur]4 ,!re be+ no fur!r bus9ess1 ! lodge 0 clos$ 9 due =m & h>mony4 ,e4 ,f----1 ,secret>y4 ,su* is ! =m :i* has be5 adopt$ z ! mo/ conv5i5t mode ( record+ ! transactions ( a lodge4 ,^! m9utes mu/ be read1 at ! close ( ! meet+1 t ! ,bre?r5 may sugge/ any necess>y alt]ations or additions1 & !n at ! beg9n+ ( ! next regul> meet+1 t !y may be confirm$1 aft] :i* !y %\ld be transcrib$ f ! r\gh ,m9ute ,book 9 :i* !y 7 fir/ ent]$ into ! p]man5t ,record ,book ( ! lodge4 ,book ,?ird4 ,! ,law ,( ,individuals4 ,pass+ f ! consid]ation ( ! law1 :i* ref]s to ,masons 9 _! congregat$ masses1 z ! con/itu5ts ( ,gr& & ,subord9ate ,lodges1 ,i next approa* ! discussion ( ! law :i* gov]ns1 !m 9 _! individual capacity1 :e!r 9 ! inception ( _! masonic life1 z c&idates = initiation1 or 9 _! gradual progress ?r\gh ea* ( ! ?ree degrees1 = x w be f\nd t a ,mason1 z he assumes new & additional obligations1 & is pres5t$ ) increas$ light1 contracts new duties1 & is inve/$ ) new pr]ogatives & privileges4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,( ! ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,! qualifications ( a c&idate = initiation into ! my/]ies ( ,freemasonry1 are f\r-fold 9 _! "*--moral1 physical1 intellectual & political4 ,! moral "* is int5d$ to secure ! respectability ( ! ,ord]1 because1 by ! wor?9ess ( its c&idates1 _! virtu\s deportm5t1 & good reputation1 w ! "* ( ! in/itution be judg$1 :ile ! admission ( irreligi\s lib]t9es & contemn]s ( ! moral law w\ld necess>ily impair its dignity & honor4 ,! physical qualifications ( a c&idate contribute to ! utility ( ! ,ord]1 because he :o is defici5t 9 any ( 8 limbs or memb]s1 & :o is n 9 ! possession ( all 8 natural s5ses & end[m5ts1 is unable to p]=m1 ) pleasure to himself or cr$it to ! frat]nity1 ^? peculi> labors 9 :i* all %\ld take an equal "p4 ,he ?us becomes a drone 9 ! hive1 & s f> impairs ! usefulness ( ! lodge1 z a place :]e ,freemasons assemble to "w1 & to in/ruct & improve !mselves 9 ! my/]ies ( _! anci5t sci5ce4 ,! intellectual qualifications ref] to ! security ( ! ,ord]2 because !y require t its my/]ies %all be confid$ only to ^? ^: m5tal developm5ts are su* z to enable !m prop]ly to appreciate1 & fai?fully to pres]ve f imposition1 ! secrets ?us entru/$ to !m4 ,x is evid5t1 = in/ance1 t an idiot c\ld nei!r und]/& ! hidd5 doctr9es t might be communicat$ to him1 nor c\ld he s secure su* portions z he might rememb]1 9 ! deposit>y ( 8 he>t1 z to prev5t ! design+ knave f worm+ !m out ( him2 =1 z ! wise ,solomon has said1 a fool's m\? is 8 de/ruction1 & 8 lips are ! sn>e ( 8 s\l4 ,! political qualifications are int5d$ to ma9ta9 ! indep5d5ce ( ! ,ord]2 because its obligations & privileges are ?us confid$ only to ^? :o1 f _! position 9 society1 are capable ( obey+ ! "o1 & ( ex]cis+ ! o!r )\t ! dang] ( let or h9drance f sup]ior au?ority4 ,( ! moral1 physical & political qualifications ( a c&idate !re c be no d\bt1 z !y are di/9ctly laid d[n 9 ! anci5t *>ges & con/itutions4 ,! intellectual are n s readily decid$4 ,^! f\r-fold qualifications may be briefly summ$ up 9 ! foll[+ axioms4 ,morally1 ! c&idate mu/ be a man ( irreproa*able conduct1 a believ] 9 ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 & liv+ "u ! tongue ( good report4 ,physically1 he mu/ be a man ( at lea/ tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age1 upright 9 body1 ) ! s5ses ( a man1 n de=m$ or dismemb]$1 b ) hale & entire limbs z a man ought to be4 ,intellectually1 he mu/ be a man 9 ! full possession ( 8 intellects1 n s "y t 8 m9d %all n h be5 =m$1 nor s old t x %all h fall5 into dotage2 nei!r a fool1 an idiot1 nor a madman2 & ) s mu* education z to enable him to avail himself ( ! tea*+s ( ,masonry1 & to cultivate at 8 leisure a k ( ! pr9ciples & doctr9es ( our royal art4 ,politically1 he mu/ be 9 ! unre/ra9$ enjoym5t ( 8 civil & p]sonal lib]ty1 & ?is1 too1 by ! bir?right ( inh]itance1 & n by its subsequ5t acquisition1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 release f h]$it>y bondage4 ,! lodge :i* /rictly dem&s ^! qualifications ( its c&idates may h few] memb]s ?an "o less /rict1 b x w und\bt$ly h bett] ones4 ,b ! importance ( ! subject dem&s = ea* class ( ! qualifications a sep>ate section1 & a m ext5d$ consid]ation4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,moral ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,! old *>ges /ate1 t a ,mason is oblig$ by 8 t5ure to obey ! moral law4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to say1 t ! phrase1 moral law1 is a te*nical expression ( !ology1 & ref]s to ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts1 :i* are s call$1 because !y def9e ! regulations necess>y = ! gov]nm5t ( ! morals & mann]s ( m54 ,! habitual violation ( any "o ( ^! comm&s w\ld seem1 accord+ to ! _s ( ! ,anci5t ,con/itutions1 to disqualify a c&idate = ,masonry4 ,! same *>ges g on to say1 9 relation to ! religi\s "* ( a ,mason1 t he %\ld n be a /upid a!i/1 nor an irreligi\s lib]t9e4 ,a d5i] ( ! exi/5ce ( a ,supreme ,ar*itect ( ! ,univ]se _c1 ( c\rse1 be obligat$ z a ,mason1 &1 accord+ly1 !re is no l&m>k m c]ta9 ?an t :i* excludes e a!i/ f ! ,ord]4 ,! ^w lib]t9e has1 at ?is day1 a mean+ v diff]5t f :at x bore :5 ! old *>ges 7 compil$4 ,x !n signifi$ :at we n[ call a free-?9k]1 or disbeliev] 9 ! div9e revelation ( ! ,scriptures4 ,?is rule w\ld !re=e greatly abridge ! univ]sality & tol]ance ( ! ,in/itution1 7 x n = ! foll[+ qualify+ clause 9 ! same in/rum5t3-- ,?\gh 9 anci5t times ,masons 7 *>g$ 9 e c\ntry to be ( ! religion ( t c\ntry or nation1 :atev] x 01 yet x is n[ ?\ght m exp$i5t only to oblige !m to t religion 9 :i* all m5 agree1 leav+ _! p>ticul> op9ions to !mselves2 t is1 to be good m5 & true1 or m5 ( honor & hone/y1 by :atev] d5om9ations or p]suasions !y may be di/+ui%$4 ,! con/ruction n[ giv5 univ]sally to ! religi\s qualification ( a c&idate1 is simply t he %all h a belief 9 ! exi/5ce & sup]9t5d+ control ( a ,supreme ,be+4 ,^! old *>ges f :i* we d]ive ! :ole ( our doctr9e z to ! moral qualifications ( a c&idate1 fur!r prescribe z to ! political relations ( a ,mason1 t he is to be a peaceable subject to ! civil p[]s1 :]ev] he resides or works1 & is nev] to be conc]n$ 9 plots & conspiracies aga9/ ! peace & welf>e ( ! nation1 nor to behave himself undutifully to inf]ior magi/rates4 ,he is *e]fully to con=m to e lawful au?ority2 to uphold on e occasion ! int]e/ ( ! community1 & zeal\sly promote ! prosp]ity ( 8 own c\ntry4 ,su* be+ ! *>act]i/ics ( a true ,mason1 ! c&idate :o desires to obta9 t title1 mu/ %[ 8 claim to ! possession ( ^! virtues2 & h5ce ! same *>ges decl>e1 9 ref]5ce to ^! moral qualifications1 t ,! p]sons made ,masons1 or admitt$ memb]s ( a lodge1 mu/ be good & true m5--no immoral or sc&al\s m51 b ( good report4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,physical ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,! physical qualifications ( a c&idate ref] to 8 sex1 8 age1 & ! condition ( 8 limbs4 ,! fir/ & mo/ important requisite ( a c&idate is1 t he %all be a man4 ,no woman c be made a ,mason4 ,?is l&m>k is s indisputable1 t x w\ld be :olly sup]flu\s to adduce any argum5ts or au?ority 9 its support4 ,z to age1 ! old *>ges prescribe ! rule1 t ! c&idate mu/ be ( mature & discreet age4 ,b :at is ! precise p]iod :5 "o is suppos$ to h arriv$ at ?is maturity & discretion1 _c be inf]r$ f any uni=m practice ( ! craft 9 diff]5t c\ntries4 ,! provisions ( ! civil law1 :i* make tw5ty-"o ! age ( maturity1 h1 h[ev]1 be5 g5]ally foll[$4 ,9 ?is c\ntry ! regulation is g5]al1 t ! c&idate mu/ be tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age4 ,su*1 too1 0 ! regulation adopt$ by ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 :i* met on ! #bg? ,dec41 #affc1 & :i* prescrib$ t no p]son %all be accept$ unless he be tw5ty-"o ye>s old or m4#ee ,9 ,prussia1 ! c&idate is requir$ to be tw5ty-five2 9 ,engl&1 tw5ty-"o1#ef unless by disp5sation f ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 or ,prov9cial ,gr& ,ma/]2 9 ,irel&1 tw5ty-"o1 except by disp5sation f ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 or ! ,gr& ,lodge2 9 ,france1 tw5ty-"o1 unless ! c&idate be ! son ( a ,mason :o has r5d]$ important s]vice to ! craft1 ) ! cons5t ( 8 p>5t or gu>dian1 or a "y man :o has s]v$ six mon?s ) 8 corps 9 ! army--su* p]sons may be initiat$ at eighte52 9 ,switz]l&1 ! age ( qualification is fix$ at tw5ty-"o1 & 9 ,frank=t-on-,mayn1 at tw5ty4 ,9 ?is c\ntry1 z ,i h already obs]v$1 ! regulation ( #affc is rigidly en=c$1 & no c&idate1 :o has n arriv$ at ! age ( tw5ty-"o1 c be initiat$4 ,our ritual excludes an old man 9 8 dotage equally ) a "y man "u age4 ,b z dotage signifies imbecility ( m9d1 ?is subject w be m prop]ly consid]$ "u ! head ( intellectual qualifications4 ,! physical qualifications1 :i* ref] to ! condition ( ! c&idate's body & limbs1 h giv5 rise1 )9 a few ye>s pa/1 to a great am\nt ( discussion & mu* v>iety ( op9ion4 ,! regulation conta9$ 9 ! old *>ges ( #agba1 :i* requires ! c&idate to be a p]fect y\?1 has 9 "s jurisdictions be5 rigidly en=c$ to ! v lett] ( ! law1 :ile 9 o!rs x has be5 s completely expla9$ away z to mean any?+ or no?+4 ,?us1 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 :]e ! rule is rigid1 ! c&idate is requir$ to be nei!r de=m$ nor dismemb]$1 b ( hale & entire limbs1 z a man ought to be1 :ile 9 ,ma9e1 a de=m$ p]son may be admitt$1 provid$ ! de=mity is n su* z to prev5t him f be+ in/ruct$ 9 ! arts & my/]ies ( ,freemasonry4 ,! fir/ writt5 law :i* we f9d on ?is subject is t :i* 0 enact$ by ! ,g5]al ,assembly held 9 #affc1 "u ! ,gr& ,ma/]%ip ( ! ,e>l ( ,/4 ,albans1 & :i* decl>es t no p]son %all h]eaft] be accept$ a ,freemason b su* z are ( able body4#eg ,tw5ty ye>s aft]1 9 ! reign ( ,james ,,ii41 or ab\t ! ye> #afhc1 x seems to h be5 f\nd necess>y1 m exactly to def9e ! mean+ ( ?is expression1 ( able body1 & accord+ly we f9d1 among ! *>ges ord]$ to be read to a ,ma/] on 8 in/allation1 ! foll[+ regulation3 ,?irdly1 t he t be made be able 9 all degrees2 t is1 free-born1 ( a good k9dr$1 true1 & no bondsman1 & t he h 8 "r limbs z a man ought to h4#eh ,! old *>ges1 publi%$ 9 ! orig9al ,book ( ,con/itutions 9 #agbc1 conta9 ! foll[+ regulation3 ,no ,ma/] %\ld take an ,appr5tice1 unless he be a p]fect y\? hav+ no maim or defect t may r5d] him uncapable ( le>n+ ! art4 ,not)/&+ ! positive dem& = p]fection1 & ! positive & explicit decl>ation t he mu/ h no maim or defect1 ! rema9d] ( ! s5t5ce has1 )9 a few ye>s pa/1 by "s ,gr& ,lodges1 be5 consid]$ z a qualify+ clause1 :i* w\ld p]mit ! admission ( c&idates ^: physical defects did n exce$ a p>ticul> po9t4 ,b1 9 p]fection1 !re c be no degrees ( comp>ison1 & he :o is requir$ to be p]fect1 is requir$ to be s )\t modification or dim9ution4 ,t :i* is p]fect is complete 9 all its p>ts1 &1 by a defici5cy 9 any portion ( its con/itu5t mat]ials1 x becomes n less p]fect1 7:i* expression w\ld be a solecism 9 gramm>17 b at once by ! defici5cy ceases to be p]fect at all--x !n becomes imp]fect4 ,9 ! int]pretation ( a law1 words1 says ,black/one1 are g5]ally to be und]/ood 9 _! usual & mo/ kn[n signification1 & !n p]fect w\ld mean1 complete1 entire1 nei!r defective nor r$undant4 ,b ano!r s\rce ( int]pretation is1 ! comp>ison ( a law ) o!r laws1 t are made by ! same legislator1 t h "s aff9ity ) ! subject1 or t expressly relate to ! same po9t4#ei ,apply+ ?is law ( ! juri/s1 we %all h no difficulty 9 arriv+ at ! true signification ( ! ^w p]fect1 if we ref] to ! regulation ( #afhc1 ( :i* ! clause 9 "q appe>s to h be5 an exposition4 ,n[1 ! regulation ( #afhc says1 9 explicit t]ms1 t ! c&idate mu/ h 8 "r limbs z a man ought to h4 ,comp>+ ! "o law ) ! o!r1 !re c be no d\bt t ! requisition ( ,masonry is & always has be51 t admission c\ld only be grant$ to him :o 0 nei!r de=m$ nor dismemb]$1 b ( hale & entire limbs z a man %\ld be4 ,b ano!r1 &1 z ,black/one t]ms x1 ! mo/ univ]sal & effectual way ( discov]+ ! true mean+ ( a law is1 to consid] ! reason & _s ( x1 or ! cause :i* mov$ ! legislator to enact x4 ,n[1 we mu/ look = ! orig9 ( ! law requir+ physical p]fection1 n to ! =m]ly op]ative "* ( ! in/itution1 7= !re nev] 0 a "t :5 x 0 n speculative z well z op]ative17 b to its symbolic nature4 ,9 ! anci5t temple1 e /one 0 requir$ to be p]fect1 = a p]fect /one 0 ! symbol ( tru?4 ,9 our my/ic association1 e ,mason repres5ts a /one 9 t spiritual temple1 t h\se n made ) h&s1 et]nal 9 ! heav5s1 ( :i* ! temple ( ,solomon 0 ! type4 ,h5ce x is requir$ t he %\ld pres5t himself1 l ! p]fect /one 9 ! mat]ial temple1 a p]fect man 9 ! spiritual build+4 ,! symbolic relation ( ea* memb] ( ! ,ord] to its my/ic temple1 =bids ! idea1 says ,bro4 ,w4,s4 ,rockwell1 ( ,georgia1#fj t its con/itu5t portions1 its liv+ /ones1 %\ld be less p]fect or less a type ( _! great orig9al1 ?an ! immaculate mat]ial :i* =m$ ! e>?ly dwell+ place ( ! ,god ( _! adoration4 ,if1 !n1 z ,i presume x w be readily conc$$1 by all except ^? :o errone\sly suppose ! in/itution to h be5 once :olly op]ative & aft]w>ds :olly speculative1 p]fection is requir$ 9 a c&idate1 n = ! physical reason t he may be enabl$ to give ! necess>y signs ( recognition1 b because ! defect w\ld de/roy ! symbolism ( t p]fect /one :i* e ,mason is suppos$ to repres5t 9 ! spiritual temple1 we ?us arrive at a k ( ! causes :i* mov$ ! legislators ( ,masonry to enact ! law1 & we see at once1 & )\t d\bt1 t ! words p]fect y\? are to be tak5 9 an unqualifi$ s5se1 z signify+ "o :o has 8 "r limbs z a man ought to h4#fa ,x is1 h[ev]1 b fair to /ate t ! rema9+ clause ( ! old *>ge1 :i* ass]ts t ! c&idate mu/ h no maim or defect t may r5d] him incapable ( le>n+ ! art1 has be5 suppos$ to int5d a modification ( ! ^w p]fect1 & to p]mit ! admission ( "o ^: maim or defect 0 n ( su* a nature z to prev5t 8 le>n+ ! art ( ,masonry4 ,b ,i w\ld respectfully sugge/ t a criticism ( ?is k9d is bas$ ^u a mi/ak5 view ( ! import ( ! words4 ,! s5t5ce is n t ! c&idate mu/ h no su* maim or defect z might1 by possibility1 prev5t him f le>n+ ! art2 ?\gh ?is is ! int]pretation giv5 by ^? :o are 9 favor ( admitt+ slightly maim$ c&idates4 ,x is1 on ! contr>y1 s word$ z to give a consequ5tial mean+ to ! ^w t4 ,he mu/ h no maim or defect t may r5d] him incapable2 t is1 because1 by hav+ su* maim or defect1 he w\ld be r5d]$ incapable ( acquir+ our art4 ,9 ! ,ahiman ,rezon publi%$ by ,laur5ce ,d]mott 9 #agfd1 & adopt$ = ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,anci5t ,york ,masons 9 ,engl&1 & _m ( ! ,prov9cial ,gr& & subord9ate lodges ( ,am]ica1 ! regulation is laid d[n t c&idates mu/ be m5 ( good report1 free-born1 ( mature age1 n de=m$ nor dismemb]$ at ! "t ( _! mak+1 & no woman or eunu*4 ,x is true t at ! pres5t day ?is book possesses no legal au?ority among ! craft2 b ,i quote x1 to %[ :at 0 ! int]pretation giv5 to ! anci5t law by a l>ge portion1 p]haps a majority1 ( ! ,engli% & ,am]ican ,masons 9 ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,a simil> int]pretation seems at all times to h be5 giv5 by ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ) ! exception ( "s1 :o1 )9 a few ye>s pa/1 h begun to adopt a m latitud9>ian con/ruction4 ,9 ,p5nsylvania x 0 decl>$1 9 #aghc1 t c&idates are n to be de=m$ or dismemb]$ at ! "t ( _! mak+4 ,9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a ! book ( ,con/itutions1 fir/ publi%$ 9 #ahjg1 requires t e p]son desir+ admission mu/ be upright 9 body1 n de=m$ or dismemb]$ at ! "t ( mak+1 b ( hale & entire limbs1 z a man ought to be4 ,9 ! ,ahiman ,rezon & ,masonic ,ritual1 publi%$ by ord] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a & ,t5nessee1 9 ! ye> #ahje1 c&idates are requir$ to be hale & s\nd1 n de=m$ or dismemb]$ at ! "t ( _! mak+4#fb ,m>yl&1 9 #ahbf1 sanction$ ! ,ahiman ,rezon ( ,cole1 :i* decl>es ! law 9 precisely ! words ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 already quot$4 ,9 #ahbc1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,miss\ri unanim\sly adopt$ a report1 :i* decl>$ t all 7 to be refus$ admission :o 7 n s\nd 9 m9d & all _! memb]s1 & %e adopt$ a resolution ass]t+ t ! ,gr& ,lodge _c grant a lett] or disp5sation to a subord9ate lodge work+ "u its jurisdiction1 to initiate any p]son maim$1 disabl$1 or want+ ! qualifications e/abli%+ by anci5t usage4#fc ,b x is unnecess>y to multiply in/ances4 ,!re nev] seems to h be5 any deviation f ! pr9ciple t requir$ absolute physical p]fection1 until1 )9 a few ye>s1 ! _s ( exp$i5cy#fd has induc$ "s ,gr& ,lodges to propose a modifi$ con/ruction ( ! law1 & to admit ^? ^: maims or de=mities 7 n su* z to prev5t !m f comply+ ) ! c]emonial ( initiation4 ,/ill1 a l>ge numb] ( ! ,gr& ,lodges h /ood fa/ by ! anci5t l&m>k1 & x is yet to be hop$ t all w return to _! fir/ allegiance4 ,! subject is an important "o1 &1 !re=e1 a few ( ! m rec5t au?orities1 9 behalf ( ! old law may ) advantage be cit$4 ,we h exam9$ c>efully ! argum5ts 'pro & con1' t h accompani$ ! proce$+s ( ! sev]al ,gr& ,lodges1 submitt$ to u1 & ! conviction has be5 =c$ ^u our m9ds1 ev5 aga9/ our wills1 t we dep>t f ! anci5t l&m>ks & usages ( ,masonry1 :5ev] we admit an individual want+ 9 "o ( ! human s5ses1 or :o is 9 any p>ticul> maim$ or de=m$4--,committee ( ,correspond5ce ,g4 ,lodge ( ,georgia1 #ahdh1 page #cf4 ,! rationale ( ! law1 exclud+ p]sons physically imp]fect & de=m$1 lies deep] & is m anci5t ?an ! s\rce ascrib$ to x4#fe ,x is gr\nd$ on a pr9ciple recogniz$ 9 ! e>lie/ ages ( ! _w2 & w be f\nd id5tical ) t :i* obta9$ among ! anci5t ,jews4 ,9 ?is respect ! ,levitical law 0 ! same z ! masonic1 :i* w\ld n all[ any 'to g 9 unto ! vail' :o _h a blemi%--a bl9d man1 or a lame1 or a man t 0 brok5-foot$1 or brok5-h&$1 or a dw>f1 c4444 ,! le>n$ & /udi\s ,freemasonic antiqu>y c satisfactorily expla9 ! metaphysics ( ?is requisition 9 our ,book ( ,con/itutions4 ,= ! true & fai?ful ,bro!r x suffice? to "k t su* a requisition exi/s4 ,he w prize x ! m because ( its antiquity4444 ,no man c 9 p]fection be 'made a ,bro!r1' no man c truly 'le>n our my/]ies1' & practice !m1 or 'd ! "w ( a ,freemason1' if he is n a man ) body free f maim1 defect & de=mity4--,report ( a ,special ,committee ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,new ,york1 9 #ahdh4ff ,! records ( ?is ,gr& ,lodge may be confid5tly appeal$ to1 = pro(s ( h] repeat$ refusal to p]mit maim$ p]sons to be initiat$1 & n simply on ! gr\nd t anci5t usage =bids x1 b because ! fundam5tal con/itution ( ! ,ord]--! anci5t *>ges--=bid x4--,committee ( ,correspond5ce ( ,new ,york1 = #ahdh1 p4 #gj4 ,! lodges subord9ate to ?is ,gr& ,lodge are h]eby requir$1 9 ! initiation ( applicants = ,masonry1 to adh]e to ! anci5t law 7z laid d[n 9 our pr9t$ books71 :i* says he %all be ( entire limbs--,resolution ( ! ,g4,l4 ( ,m>yl&1 ,novemb]1 #ahdh4 ,i receiv$ f ! lodge at ,a%ley a petition to initiate into our ,ord] a g5tleman ( high respectability1 :o1 un=tunately1 has be5 maim$4 ,i refus$ my ass5t4444 ,i h also refus$ a simil> reque/ f ! lodge ( :i* ,i am a memb]4 ,! fact t ! mo/ di/+ui%$ masonic body on e>? has rec5tly remov$ "o ( ! l&m>ks1 %\ld tea* u to be c>eful h[ we t\* ^? anci5t b\nd>ies4--,address ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] ( ,new ,j]sey 9 #ahdi4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,florida adopt$ su* a provision 9 h] con/itution1 ! qualify+ clause p]mitt+ ! initiation ( a maim$ p]son1 if 8 de=mity 0 n su* z to prev5t 8 in/ruction1 b m mature reflection1 & m light reflect$ f our si/] ,gr& ,lodges1 caus$ x to be /rick5 f our con/itution4--,address ( ,gov4 ,?o4 ,br[n1 ,gr& ,ma/] ( ,florida 9 #ahdi4 ,z to ! physical qualifications1 ! ,ahiman ,rezon leaves no d\bt on ! subject1 b expressly decl>es1 t e applicant = initiation mu/ be a man1 free-born1 ( lawful age1 9 ! p]fect enjoym5t ( 8 s5ses1 hale1 & s\nd1 & n de=m$ or dismemb]$2 ?is is "o ( ! anci5t l&m>ks ( ! ,ord]1 :i* x is 9 ! p[] ( no body ( m5 to *ange4 ,a man hav+ b "o arm1 or "o leg1 or :o is 9 anyway depriv$ ( 8 due proportion ( limbs & memb]s1 is z incapable ( initiation z a woman4--,encyclical ,lett] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a to its subord9ates 9 #ahdi4 ,impress$1 !n1 by ! weight ( ^! au?orities1 :i* x w\ld be easy1 b is unnecess>y1 to multiply--guid$ by a ref]5ce to ! symbolic & speculative 7n op]ative7 reason ( ! law--& gov]n$ by ! express words ( ! regulation ( #afhc--;,i am con/ra9$ to believe t ! _s z well z ! lett] ( our anci5t l&m>ks require t a c&idate = admission %\ld be p]fect 9 all 8 p>ts1 t is1 nei!r r$undant nor defici5t1 nei!r de=m$ nor dismemb]$1 b ( hale & entire limbs1 z a man ought to be4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,intellectual ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,! ,old ,*>ges & ,anci5t ,con/itutions are n z explicit 9 relation to ! intellectual z to ! moral & physical qualifications ( c&idates1 &1 !re=e1 9 com+ to a decision on ?is subject1 we are compell$ to draw our conclusions f analogy1 f common s5se1 & f ! peculi> "* ( ! in/itution4 ,! "q t "h sugge/s itself on ?is subject is1 :at p>ticul> am\nt ( human le>n+ is requir$ z a con/itutional qualification = initiation8 ,dur+ a c>eful exam9ation ( e anci5t docum5t to :i* ,i h _h access1 ,i h met ) no positive enactm5t =bidd+ ! admission ( un$ucat$ p]sons1 ev5 ( ^? :o c nei!r read nor write4 ,! unwritt51 z well z ! writt5 laws ( ! ,ord]1 require t ! c&idate %all be nei!r a fool nor an idiot1 b t he %all possess a discreet judgm5t1 & be 9 ! enjoym5t ( all ! s5ses ( a man4 ,b "o :o is unable to subscribe 8 "n1 or to read x :5 writt51 might /ill v easily prove himself to be )9 ! requirem5ts ( ?is regulation4 ,! ,con/itutions ( ,engl&1 =m$ s9ce ! union ( ! two ,gr& ,lodges 9 #ahac1 are c]ta9ly explicit en\gh on ?is subject4 ,!y require ev5 m ?an a b>e k ( read+ & writ+1 =1 9 describ+ ! qualifications ( a c&idate1 !y say3 ,he %\ld be a lov] ( ! lib]al arts & sci5ces1 & h made "s progress 9 "o or o!r ( !m2 & he mu/1 previ\s to 8 initiation1 subscribe 8 "n at full l5g?1 to a decl>ation ( ! foll[+ import1 etc4 ,& 9 a note to ?is regulation1 x is said1 ,any individual :o _c write is1 consequ5tly1 ineligible to be admitt$ into ! ,ord]4 ,if ?is au?ority 7 univ]sal 9 its "*1 !re w\ld be no necessity = a fur!r discussion ( ! subject4 ,b ! mod]n con/itutions ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& are only ( =ce )9 its own jurisdiction1 & we are !re=e aga9 compell$ to resort to a mode ( reason+ = ! prop] d$uction ( our conclusions on ?is subject4 ,x is und\bt$ly true t 9 ! e>ly p]iod ( ! _w1 :5 ,freemasonry took its orig91 ! arts ( read+ & writ+ 7 n s g5]ally dissem9at$ among all classes ( ! community z !y n[ are1 :5 ! bless+s ( a common education c be readily & *eaply obta9$4 ,& x may1 !re=e1 be suppos$ t among our anci5t ,bre?r5 !re 7 _m :o c\ld nei!r read nor write4 ,b aft] all1 ?is is a m]e assumption1 :i*1 al?\gh x may be bas$ on probability1 has no direct evid5ce = its support4 ,&1 on ! o!r h&1 we see ?r\gh\t all our anci5t regulations1 t a m>k$ di/9ction 0 made by our rul]s betwe5 ! ,freemason & ! ,mason :o 0 n free2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ! conclusion ( ! fif? *apt] ( ! ,anci5t ,*>ges1 :]e x is said3 ,no labor] %all be employ$ 9 ! common "w ( ,masonry1 nor %all ,freemasons "w ) ^? :o are n free1 )\t an urg5t necessity4 ,& ?is w\ld seem to indicate a high] e/imation by ! frat]nity ( _! own "*1 :i* might be d]iv$ f _! great] atta9m5ts 9 k4 ,t 9 ^? days ! ord9>y op]ative masons c\ld nei!r read nor write1 is a fact e/abli%$ by hi/ory4 ,b x does n foll[ t ! ,freemasons1 :o 7 a sep>ate society ( craftsm51 7 9 ! same unhappy category2 x is ev5 probable1 t ! fact t !y 7 n s1 b t !y 71 9 comp>ison ) ! unaccept$ masons1 educat$ m51 may h be5 ! reason ( ! di/9ction made betwe5 ^! two classes ( workm54 ,b fur!r1 all ! tea*+s ( ,freemasonry are deliv]$ on ! assumption t ! recipi5ts are m5 ( "s education1 ) ! means ( improv+ _! m9ds & increas+ _! k4 ,ev5 ! ,ent]$ ,appr5tice is rem9d$1 by ! r\gh & p]fect a%l>s1 ( ! importance & necessity ( a virtu\s education1 9 fitt+ him = ! dis*>ge ( 8 duties4 ,to ! ,fell[ ,craft1 ! /udy ( ! lib]al arts & sci5ces is e>ne/ly recomm5d$2 & inde$1 t sacr$ hi]oglyphic1 ! k ( ^: occult signification con/itutes ! mo/ solemn "p ( 8 in/ruction1 presupposes an acqua9tance at lea/ ) ! art ( read+4 ,& ! ,ma/] ,mason is expressly told 9 ! explanation ( ! =ty-sev5? problem ( ,euclid1 z "o ( ! symbols ( ! ?ird degree1 t x 0 introduc$ into ,masonry to tea* ! ,bre?r5 ! value ( ! arts & sci5ces1 & t ! ,mason1 l ! discov]] ( ! problem1 our anci5t ,bro!r ,py?agoras1 %\ld be a dilig5t cultivator ( le>n+4 ,our lectures1 too1 ab\nd 9 allusions :i* none b a p]son ( "s cultivation ( m9d c\ld und]/& or appreciate1 & to address !m1 or any portion ( our *>ges :i* ref] to ! improvem5t ( ! intellect & ! augm5tation ( k1 to p]sons :o c nei!r read nor write1 w\ld be1 x seems to u1 a mock]y unwor?y ( ! sacr$ "* ( our in/itution4 ,f ^! facts & ?is me?od ( reason+1 ,i d$uce ! conclusion t ! fram]s ( ,masonry1 9 its pres5t organization z a speculative in/itution1 mu/ h int5d$ to admit none into its frat]nity ^: m9ds _h n receiv$ "s prelim9>y cultivation1 & ,i am1 !re=e1 cle>ly ( op9ion1 t a p]son :o _c read & write is n legally qualifi$ = admission4 ,z to ! inexp$i5cy ( receiv+ su* c&idates1 !re c be no "q or d\bt4 ,if ,masonry be1 z its disciples claim = x1 a sci5tific in/itution1 ^: great object is to improve ! und]/&+ & to enl>ge & adorn ! m9d1 ^: "* _c be appreciat$1 & ^: lessons ( symbolic wisdom _c be acquir$1 )\t mu* /udi\s application1 h[ prepo/]\s w\ld x be to place1 among its disciples1 "o :o _h liv$ to adult ye>s1 )\t hav+ kn[n ! necessity or felt ! ambition = a k ( ! alphabet ( 8 "m tongue8 ,su* a man c\ld make no advancem5t 9 ! art ( ,masonry2 & :ile he w\ld conf] no sub/antial advantage on ! in/itution1 he w\ld1 by 8 manife/ incapacity & ignorance1 detract1 9 ! eyes ( /rang]s1 f its honor & dignity z an intellectual society4 ,idiots & madm5 are exclud$ f admission into ! ,ord]1 = ! evid5t reason t ! =m] f an abs5ce1 & ! latt] f a p]v]sion ( ! intellectual faculties1 are incapable ( compreh5d+ ! objects1 or ( assum+ ! responsibilities & obligations ( ! in/itution4 ,a "q "h sugge/s itself :e!r a p]son ( pres5t s\nd m9d1 b :o _h =m]ly be5 d]ang$1 c legally be initiat$4 ,! answ] to ?is "q turns on ! fact ( 8 hav+ p]fectly recov]$4 ,if ! pres5t sanity ( ! applicant is m]ely a lucid int]val1 :i* physicians "k to be sometimes v\*$ to lunatics1 ) ! absolute c]ta9ty1 or at be/1 ! /rong probability1 ( an ev5tual return to a /ate ( m5tal d]angem5t1 he is n1 ( c\rse1 qualifi$ = initiation4 ,b if !re has be5 a real & durable recov]y 7( :i* a physician w be a compet5t judge71 !n !re c be no possible objection to 8 admission1 if o!rwise eligible4 ,we are n to look to :at ! c&idate once 01 b to :at he n[ is4 ,dotage1 or ! m5tal imbecility produc$ by excessive old age1 is also a disqualification = admission4 ,di/+ui%$ z x is by pu]ile desires & pursuits1 by a failure ( ! memory1 a defici5cy ( ! judgm5t1 & a g5]al oblit]ation ( ! m5tal p[]s1 its ext]nal signs are easily appreciat$1 & furni% at once abundant reason :y1 l idiots & madm51 ! sup]annuat$ dot>d is unfit to be ! recipi5t ( our my/ic in/ructions4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ! ,political ,qualifications ( ,c&idates4 ,! ,con/itutions ( ,masonry require1 z ! only qualification ref]r+ to ! political condition ( ! c&idate1 or 8 position 9 society1 t he %all be free-born4 ,! slave1 or ev5 ! man born 9 s]vitude--?\gh he may1 subsequ5tly1 h obta9$ 8 lib]ty--is exclud$ by ! anci5t regulations f initiation4 ,! non-admission ( a slave seems to h be5 f\nd$ ^u ! be/ ( reasons2 because1 z ,freemasonry involves a solemn contract1 no "o c legally b9d himself to its p]=mance :o is n a free ag5t & ! ma/] ( 8 own actions4 ,t ! re/riction is ext5d$ to ^? :o 7 orig9ally 9 a s]vile condition1 b :o may h s9ce acquir$ _! lib]ty1 seems to dep5d on ! pr9ciple t bir?1 9 a s]vile condition1 is accompani$ by a degradation ( m9d & abasem5t ( _s1 :i* no subsequ5t dis5?ralm5t c s completely efface z to r5d] ! p>ty qualifi$ to p]=m 8 duties1 z a ,mason1 ) t fre$om1 f]v5cy1 & zeal1 :i* are said to h di/+ui%$ our anci5t ,bre?r54 ,*ildr51 says ,oliv]1 _c inh]it a free & noble _s except !y be born ( a free woman4 ,! same usage exi/$ 9 ! spuri\s ,freemasonry or ! ,my/]ies ( ! anci5t _w4 ,!re1 no slave1 or m5 born 9 slav]y1 c\ld be initiat$2 because1 ! pr]equisites imp]atively dem&$ t ! c&idate %\ld n only be a man ( irreproa*able mann]s1 b also a free-born d5iz5 ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! my/]ies 7 celebrat$4 ,"s masonic writ]s h ?\ght t1 9 ?is regulation 9 relation to free bir?1 "s allusion is int5d$1 bo? 9 ! ,my/]ies & 9 ,freemasonry1 to ! relative conditions & *>act]s ( ,isaac & ,i%mael4 ,! =m]--! accept$ "o1 to :om ! promise 0 giv5--0 ! son ( a free woman1 & ! latt]1 :o 0 ca/ =? to h 8 h& aga9/ e man1 & e man's h& aga9/ him1 0 ! *ild ( a slave4 ,:]e=e1 we read t ,s>ah dem&$ ( ,abraham1 ,ca/ out ?is bondwoman & h] son2 = ! son ( ! bondwoman %all n be heir ) my son4 ,dr4 ,oliv]1 9 speak+ ( ! gr& fe/ival ) :i* ,abraham celebrat$ ! wean+ ( ,isaac1 says1 t he _h n paid ! same complim5t at ! wean+ ( ,i%mael1 because he 0 ! son ( a bondwoman1 &1 consequ5tly1 c\ld n be admitt$ to p>ticipate 9 ! ,freemasonry ( 8 fa!r1 :i* c\ld only be conf]r$ on free m5 born ( free wom54 ,! anci5t ,greeks 7 ( ! same op9ion2 = !y us$ ! ^w or1 slave mann]s1 to designate any v great impropriety ( mann]s4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& ext5ds ?is doctr9e1 t ,masons %\ld be free 9 all _! ?\ghts & actions1 s f>1 t x w n p]mit ! initiation ( a c&idate :o is only tempor>ily depriv$ ( 8 lib]ty1 or ev5 9 a place ( conf9em5t4 ,9 ! ye> #aghb1 ! ,ma/] ( ! ,royal ,milit>y ,lodge1 at ,woolwi*1 be+ conf9$1 mo/ probably = debt1 9 ! ,k+'s ,b5* prison1 at ,london1 ! lodge1 :i* 0 it9]ant 9 its "*1 & all[$ to move f place to place ) its regim5t1 adj\rn$1 ) its w>rant ( con/itution1 to ! ,ma/] 9 prison1 :]e sev]al ,masons 7 made4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge1 be+ in=m$ ( ! circum/ances1 imm$iately summon$ ! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s ( ! lodge to answ] = _! conduct 9 mak+ ,masons 9 ! ,k+'s ,b5* prison1 &1 at ! same "t1 adopt$ a resolution1 affirm+ t x is inconsi/5t ) ! pr9ciples ( ,freemasonry = any ,freemason's lodge to be held1 = ! purposes ( mak+1 pass+1 or rais+ ,masons1 9 any prison or place ( conf9em5t4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,petition ( ,c&idates = ,admission1 & ! ,action !reon4 ,! application ( a c&idate to a lodge1 = initiation1 is call$ a petition4 ,?is petition %\ld always be 9 writ+1 & g5]ally conta9s a /atem5t ( ! petition]'s age1 occupation1 & place ( resid5ce1 & a decl>ation ( ! motives :i* h prompt$ ! application1 :i* ought to be a favorable op9ion conceiv$ ( ! in/itution & a desire ( k4#fg ,?is petition mu/ be recomm5d$ by at lea/ two memb]s ( ! lodge4 ,! petition mu/ be read at a /at$ or regul> communication ( ! lodge1 & ref]r$ to a committee ( ?ree memb]s = an inve/igation ( ! qualifications & "* ( ! c&idate4 ,! committee hav+ made ! necess>y inquiries1 w report ! result at ! next regul> communication & n soon]4 ,! au?ority = ?is delib]ate mode ( proce$+ is to be f\nd 9 ! fif? ( ! #ci ,g5]al ,regulations1 :i* is 9 ^! words3 ,no man c be made or admitt$ a memb] ( a p>ticul> lodge1 )\t previ\s notice "o mon? be=e giv5 to ! said lodge1 9 ord] to make due inquiry into ! reputation & capacity ( ! c&idate2 unless by disp5sation a=esaid4 ,! la/ clause 9 ?is article provides = ! only way 9 :i* ?is probation ( a mon? c be avoid$1 & t is :5 ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 = reasons satisfactory to himself1 be+ su* z w con/itute :at is call$ 7sometimes improp]ly7 a case ( em]g5cy1 %all issue a disp5sation p]mitt+ ! lodge to proce$ =?) to ! election4 ,b :]e ?is disp5sation has n be5 issu$1 ! committee %\ld proce$ dilig5tly & fai?fully to ! dis*>ge ( _! responsible duty4 ,!y mu/ inquire into ! moral1 physical1 intellectual & political qualifications ( ! c&idate1 & make _! report 9 accordance ) ! result ( _! inve/igations4 ,! report _c be made at a special communication1 b mu/ always be pres5t$ at a regul> "o4 ,! necessity ( su* a rule is obvi\s4 ,z ! ,ma/] c at any "t )9 8 discretion conv5e a special meet+ ( 8 lodge1 x is evid5t t a presid+ (fic]1 if actuat$ by an improp] desire to intrude an unwor?y & unpopul> applicant ^u ! craft1 might easily avail himself = t purpose ( an occasion :5 ! lodge be+ call$ = "s o!r purpose1 ! att5dance ( ! memb]s 0 small1 & caus+ a ballot to be tak51 succe$ 9 elect+ a c&idate1 :o w\ld1 at a regul> meet+1 h be5 blackball$ by "s ( ^? :o 7 abs5t f ! special communication4 ,?is regulation is promulgat$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,no p]son %all be made a ,mason )\t a regul> proposition at "o lodge & a ballot at ! next regul> /at$ lodge2 x appe>s to h be5 almo/ univ]sally adopt$ 9 simil> language by ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ?is c\ntry2 &1 if ! exact words ( ! law are want+ 9 any ( ! ,con/itutions1 ! g5]al usage ( ! craft has furni%$ an equival5t au?ority = ! regulation4 ,if ! report ( ! committee is unfavorable1 ! c&idate %\ld be consid]$ z reject$1 )\t any ref]5ce to a ballot4 ,?is rule is also f\nd$ 9 reason4 ,if ! committee1 aft] a due inquiry into ! "* ( ! applicant1 f9d ! result s disadvantage\s to him z to induce !m to make an unfavorable report on 8 application1 x is to be presum$ t on a ballot !y w\ld vote aga9/ 8 admission1 & z _! votes alone w\ld be suffici5t to reject him1 x is held unnecess>y to resort 9 su* a case to ! sup]]ogatory ordeal ( ! ballot4 ,x w\ld1 inde$1 be an anomal\s proce$+1 & "o :i* w\ld reflect great discr$it on ! motives & conduct ( a committee ( inquiry1 7 its memb]s fir/ to report aga9/ ! reception ( a c&idate1 & !n1 imm$iately aft]w>ds1 to vote 9 favor ( 8 petition4 ,! lodges w n suppose1 = ! honor ( _! committees1 t su* a proce$+ w take place1 & accord+ly ! unfavorable report ( ! committee is always to be consid]$ z a rejection4 ,ano!r reason = ?is regulation seems to be ?is4 ,! fif? ,g5]al ,regulation decl>es t no ,lodge %\ld ev] make a ,mason )\t due inquiry into 8 "*1 & z ! duty ( mak+ ?is inquiry is entru/$ to a compet5t committee1 :5 t committee has report$ t ! applicant is unwor?y to be made a ,mason1 x w\ld c]ta9ly appe> to militate aga9/ ! _s1 if n ! lett]1 ( ! regulation1 = ! lodge1 not)/&+ ?is report1 to ent] into a ballot on ! petition4 ,b %\ld ! committee ( inve/igation report favorably1 ! lodge w !n proce$ to a ballot = ! c&idate2 b1 z ?is =ms a sep>ate & important /ep 9 ! process ( mak+ ,masons1 ,i %all make x ! subject ( a di/9ct section4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ,ballot+ = ,c&idates4 ,! ,?irty-n9e ,regulations d n explicitly prescribe ! ballot-box z ! prop] mode ( te/+ ! op9ion ( ! lodge on ! m]its ( a petition = initiation4 ,! six? regulation simply says t ! cons5t ( ! memb]s is to be =mally ask$ by ! ,ma/]2 & !y are to signify _! ass5t or diss5t 9 _! own prud5t way ei!r virtually or 9 =m1 b ) unanimity4 ,almo/ univ]sal usage has1 h[ev]1 sanction$ ! ballot box & ! use ( black & :ite balls z ! prop] mode ( obta9+ ! op9ion ( ! memb]s4 ,f ! responsibility ( express+ ?is op9ion1 & ( admitt+ a c&idate into ! frat]nity or ( repuls+ him f x1 no ,mason is p]mitt$ to %r9k4 ,9 ballot+ on a petition1 !re=e1 e memb] ( ! ,lodge is expect$ to vote2 nor c he be excus$ f ! dis*>ge ( ?is important duty1 except by ! unanim\s cons5t ( 8 ,bre?r54 ,all ! memb]s mu/1 !re=e1 come up to ! p]=mance ( ?is tru/ ) firmness1 c&or1 & a full det]m9ation to d :at is "r--to all[ no p]sonal timidity to =bid ! deposit ( a black ball1 if ! applicant is unwor?y1 & no illib]al prejudices to prev5t ! deposition ( a :ite "o1 if ! "* & qualifications ( ! c&idate are unobjectionable4 ,& 9 all cases :]e a memb] himself has no p]sonal or acquir$ k ( ^! qualifications1 he %\ld rely ^u & be gov]n$ by ! recomm5dation ( 8 ,bre?r5 ( ! ,committee ( ,inve/igation1 :o he has no "r to suppose w\ld make a favorable report on ! petition ( an unwor?y applicant4#fh ,! great object ( ! ballot is1 to secure ! indep5d5ce ( ! vot]2 &1 = ?is purpose1 its secrecy %\ld be inviolate4 ,& ?is secrecy ( ! ballot gives rise to a p>ticul> rule :i* necess>ily fl[s out ( x4 ,no ,mason c be call$ to an acc\nt = ! vote :i* he has deposit$4 ,! v secrecy ( ! ballot is int5d$ to secure ! indep5d5ce & irresponsibility to ! lodge ( ! vot]4 ,&1 al?\gh x is und\bt$ly a crime = a memb] to vote aga9/ ! petition ( an applicant on acc\nt ( private pique or p]sonal prejudice1 /ill ! lodge has no "r to judge t su* motives alone actuat$ him4 ,! motives ( m51 unless divulg$ by !mselves1 c be kn[n only to ,god2 & if1 z ,wayl& says1 f any circum/ances we are l$ to ent]ta9 any d\bts ( ! motives ( m51 we are b\nd to reta9 ^! d\bts )9 our own bosoms4 ,h5ce1 no judicial notice c be or ought to be tak5 by a lodge ( a vote ca/ by a memb]1 on ! gr\nd ( 8 hav+ be5 influ5c$ by improp] motives1 because x is impossible = ! lodge legally to arrive at ! k2 9 ! fir/ place1 ( ! vote t he has giv51 & secondly1 ( ! motives by :i* he has be5 controll$4 ,& ev5 if a memb] volunt>ily %\ld divulge ! nature ( 8 vote & ( 8 motives1 x is /ill exce$+ly que/ionable :e!r ! lodge %\ld take any notice ( ! act1 because by s do+ ! indep5d5ce ( ! ballot might be impair$4 ,x is ?r\gh a simil> mode ( reason+ t ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates provides1 t ! memb]s ( ,congress %all n be que/ion$1 9 any o!r place1 = any spee* or debate 9 ei!r ,h\se4 ,z 9 ?is way ! fre$om ( debate is pres]v$ 9 legislative bodies1 s 9 l mann] %\ld ! fre$om ( ! ballot be insur$ 9 lodges4 ,! six? ,g5]al ,regulation requires unanimity 9 ! ballot4 ,its language is3 b no man c be ent]$ a ,bro!r 9 any p>ticul> lodge1 or admitt$ to be a memb] !re(1 )\t ! unanim\s cons5t ( all ! memb]s ( t lodge !n pres5t :5 ! c&idate is propos$4 ,?is regulation1 x w be rememb]$1 0 adopt$ 9 #agba4 ,b 9 ! ,new ,regulations1 adopt$ 9 #aged1 & :i* are decl>$ to h be5 enact$ only = am5d+ or expla9+ ! ,old ,regulations = ! good ( ,masonry1 )\t break+ 9 ^u ! anci5t rules ( ! frat]nity1 /ill pres]v+ ! old l&m>ks1 x is said3 b x 0 f\nd inconv5i5t to insi/ ^u unanimity 9 sev]al cases2 &1 !re=e1 ! ,gr& ,ma/]s h all[$ ! lodges to admit a memb]1 if n above ?ree black balls are aga9/ him2 ?\gh "s lodges desire no su* all[ance4#fi ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& /ill acts "u ?is new regulation1 & ext5ds ! numb] ( black balls :i* w reject to ?ree1 ?\gh x p]mits its subord9ates1 if !y desire x1 to require unanimity4 ,b ne>ly all ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ?is c\ntry h adh]$ to ! old regulation1 :i* is und\bt$ly ! bett] "o1 & by special enactm5t h made ! unanim\s cons5t ( all ! ,bre?r5 pres5t necess>y to ! election ( a c&idate4 ,ano!r "q "h sugge/s itself4 ,c a memb]1 :o by ! bye-laws ( 8 lodge is disqualifi$ f ! ex]cise ( 8 o!r fran*ises z a memb]1 9 consequ5ce ( be+ 9 arre>s beyond a c]ta9 am\nt1 be prev5t$ f deposit+ 8 ballot on ! application ( a c&idate8 ,t by su* a bye-law he may be disfran*is$ ( 8 vote 9 elect+ (fic]s1 or ( ! "r to hold (fice1 w be freely admitt$4 ,b ! words ( ! old regulation seem expressly1 & )\t equivocation1 to require t e memb] pres5t %all vote4 ,! c&idate %all only be admitt$ by ! unanim\s cons5t ( all ! memb]s ( t lodge !n pres5t :5 ! c&idate is propos$4 ,?is "r ( ! memb]s to elect or reject _! c&idates is subsequ5tly call$ an inh]5t privilege1 :i* is n subject to a disp5sation4 ,! words are explicit1 & ! "r appe>s to be "o gu>ante$ to e memb] s long z he cont9ues a memb]1 & ( :i* no bye-law c dive/ him z long z ! p>am\nt au?ority ( ! ,?irty-n9e ,g5]al ,regulations is admitt$4 ,i %\ld say1 !n1 t e memb] ( a lodge pres5t at ballot+ = a c&idate has a "r to deposit 8 vote2 & n only a "r1 b a duty :i* he is to be compell$ to p]=m2 s9ce1 )\t ! unanim\s cons5t ( all pres5t1 !re c be no election4 ,our writt5 laws are altoge!r sil5t z to ! peculi> c]emonies :i* are to accompany ! act ( ballot+1 :i* has !re=e be5 g5]ally direct$ by ! local usage ( diff]5t jurisdictions4 ,uni=mity1 h[ev]1 9 ?is1 z 9 all o!r ritual obs]vances1 is to be comm5d$1 & ,i %all accord+ly "h describe ! me?od :i* ,i h myself pref]r$ & practis$ 9 ballot+ = c&idates1 & :i* is ! cu/om adopt$ 9 ! jurisdiction ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a4#gj ,! committee ( inve/igation hav+ report$ favorably1 ! ,ma/] ( ! lodge directs ! ,s5ior ,deacon to prep>e ! ballot box4 ,! mode 9 :i* ?is is accompli%$ is z foll[s3--,! ,s5ior ,deacon takes ! ballot box1 &1 op5+ x1 places all ! :ite & black balls indiscrim9ately 9 "o comp>tm5t1 leav+ ! o!r entirely empty4 ,he !n proce$s ) ! box to ! ,junior & ,s5ior ,w>d5s1 :o satisfy !mselves by an inspection t no ball has be5 left 9 ! comp>tm5t 9 :i* ! votes are to be deposit$4 ,i rem>k "h1 9 pass+1 t ! box1 9 ?is & ! o!r in/ance to be ref]r$ to h]eaft]1 is pres5t$ to ! inf]ior (fic] fir/1 & !n to 8 sup]ior1 t ! exam9ation & decision ( ! =m] may be sub/antiat$ & confirm$ by ! high] au?ority ( ! latt]4 ,let x1 inde$1 be rememb]$1 t 9 all su* cases ! usage ( masonic circumambulation is to be obs]v$1 & t1 !re=e1 we mu/ fir/ pass ! ,junior's /ation be=e we c get to t ( ! ,s5ior ,w>d54 ,^! (fic]s hav+ ?us satisfi$ !mselves t ! box is 9 a prop] condition = ! reception ( ! ballots1 x is !n plac$ ^u ! alt> by ! ,s5ior ,deacon1 :o retires to 8 seat4 ,! ,ma/] !n directs ! ,secret>y to call ! roll1 :i* is done by comm5c+ ) ! ,wor%ipful ,ma/]1 & proce$+ ?r\gh all ! (fic]s d[n to ! y\nge/ memb]4 ,z a matt] ( conv5i5ce1 ! ,secret>y g5]ally votes ! la/ ( ^? 9 ! room1 & !n1 if ! ,til] is a memb] ( ! lodge1 he is call$ 91 :ile ! ,junior ,deacon tiles = him1 & ! "n ( ! applicant hav+ be5 told him1 he is direct$ to deposit 8 ballot1 :i* he does1 & !n retires4 ,z ! "n ( ea* (fic] & memb] is call$ he approa*es ! alt>1 & hav+ made ! prop] masonic salutation to ! ,*air1 he deposits 8 ballot & retires to 8 seat4 ,! roll %\ld be call$ sl[ly1 s t at no "t %\ld !re be m ?an "o p]son pres5t at ! box2 =1 ! great object ( ! ballot be+ secrecy1 no ,bro!r %\ld be p]mitt$ s ne> ! memb] vot+ z to di/+ui% ! color ( ! ball he deposits4 ,! box is plac$ on ! alt>1 & ! ballot is deposit$ ) ! solemnity ( a masonic salutation1 t ! vot]s may be duly impress$ ) ! sacr$ & responsible nature ( ! duty !y are call$ on to dis*>ge4 ,! sy/em ( vot+ ?us describ$1 is1 !re=e1 f> bett] on ?is acc\nt ?an ! "o sometimes adopt$ 9 lodges1 ( h&+ r\nd ! box = ! memb]s to deposit _! ballots f _! seats ,! ,ma/] hav+ inquir$ ( ! ,w>d5s if all h vot$1 !n ord]s ! ,s5ior ,deacon to take *>ge ( ! ballot box4 ,t (fic] accord+ly repairs to ! alt>1 & tak+ possession ( ! box1 c>ries x1 z be=e1 to ! ,junior ,w>d51 :o exam9es ! ballot1 & reports1 if all ! balls are :ite1 t ! box is cle> 9 ! ,s\?1 or1 if !re is "o or m black balls1 t ! box is f\l 9 ! ,s\?4 ,! ,deacon !n c>ries x to ! ,s5ior ,w>d51 & aft]w>ds to ! ,ma/]1 :o1 ( c\rse1 make ! same report1 accord+ to ! circum/ances1 ) ! necess>y v]bal v>iation ( ,we/ & ,ea/4 ,if ! box is cle>--t is1 if all ! ballots are :ite--! ,ma/] !n ann\nces t ! applicant has be5 duly elect$1 & ! ,secret>y makes a record ( ! fact4 ,b if ! box is decl>$ to be f\l1 ! ,ma/] inspects ! numb] ( black balls2 if he f9ds two1 he decl>es ! c&idate to be reject$2 if only "o1 he s /ates ! fact to ! lodge1 & ord]s ! ,s5ior ,deacon aga9 to prep>e ! ballot box1 & a second ballot is tak5 9 ! same way4 ,?is is done le/ a black ball might h be5 inadv]t5tly vot$ on ! fir/ ballot4 ,if1 on ! second scrut9y1 "o black ball is aga9 f\nd1 ! fact is ann\nc$ by ! ,ma/]1 :o ord]s ! election to lie ov] until ! next /at$ meet+1 & reque/s ! ,bro!r :o deposit$ ! black ball to call ^u him & /ate 8 reasons4 ,at ! next /at$ meet+ ! ,ma/] ann\nces ^! reasons to ! lodge1 if any h be5 made kn[n to him1 conceal+1 ( c\rse1 ! "n ( ! object+ ,bro!r4 ,at ?is "t ! validity or tru? ( ! objections may be discuss$1 & ! fri5ds ( ! applicant w h an opportunity ( (f]+ any def5se or explanation4 ,! ballot is !n tak5 a ?ird "t1 & ! result1 :atev] x may be1 is f9al4 ,z ,i h already obs]v$1 9 mo/ ( ! lodges ( ?is c\ntry1 a reappe>ance ( ! "o black ball w am\nt to a rejection4 ,9 ^? lodges :i* d n require unanimity1 x w1 ( c\rse1 be necess>y t ! requisite numb] ( black balls mu/ be deposit$ on ?is ?ird ballot to insure a rejection4 ,b if1 on inspection1 ! box is f\nd to be cle>1 or )\t a black ball1 ! c&idate is1 ( c\rse1 decl>$ to be elect$4 ,9 any case1 ! result ( ! ?ird ballot is f9al1 nor c x be set aside or rev]s$ by ! action ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] or ,gr& ,lodge2 because1 by ! six? ,g5]al ,regulation1 already s frequ5tly cit$1 ! memb]s ( e p>ticul> lodge are ! be/ judges ( ! qualifications ( _! c&idates2 &1 to use ! language ( ! ,regulation1 if a fracti\s memb] %\ld be impos$ on !m1 x might spoil _! h>mony1 or h9d] _! fre$om1 or ev5 break & disp]se ! lodge4 ,section ,,vii4 ,( ! ,reconsid]ation ( ! ,ballot4 ,!re are1 un=tunately1 "s m5 9 our ,ord]1 gov]n$1 n by ess5tially bad motives1 b by frail judgm5ts & by total ignorance ( ! true object & design ( ,freemasonry1 :o nev]1 "u any circum/ances1 h rec\rse to ! black ball1 t great bulw>k ( ,masonry1 & are always m or less inc5s$ :5 any m judici\s ,bro!r ex]cises 8 privilege ( exclud+ ^? :om he ?9ks unwor?y ( p>ticipation 9 our my/]ies4 ,i h said1 t ^! m5 are n gov]n$ by motives ess5tially bad4 ,?is is ! fact4 ,!y hone/ly desire ! prosp]ity ( ! in/itution1 & !y w\ld n willfully d "o act :i* w\ld imp$e t prosp]ity4 ,b _! judgm5ts are weak1 & _! zeal is )\t k4 ,!y d n at all und]/& 9 :at ! true prosp]ity ( ! ,ord] consi/s1 b really & consci5ti\sly believ+ t its actual /r5g? w be promot$ by ! increase ( ! numb] ( its disciples2 !y look r to ! quantity ?an to ! quality ( ! applicants :o knock at ! doors ( our lodges4 ,n[ a great diff]5ce 9 respect to ! mode 9 :i* ! ballot is conduct$1 w be f\nd 9 ^? lodges :i* are free f ! pres5ce ( su* injudici\s bre?r51 & o!rs into :i* !y h ga9$ admittance4 ,9 a lodge 9 :i* e memb] has a correct notion ( ! prop] moral qualifications ( ! c&idates = ,masonry1 & :]e !re is a g5]al disposition to "w well ) a few1 r ?an to "w badly ) _m1 :5 a ballot is ord]$1 ea* ,bro!r1 hav+ deposit$ 8 vote1 quietly & calmly waits to he> ! decision ( ! ballot box ann\nc$ by ! ,*air4 ,if x is cle>1 all are pleas$ t ano!r citiz5 has be5 f\nd wor?y to receive a portion ( ! illum9at+ rays ( ,masonry4 ,if x is f\l1 ea* "o is satisfi$ ) ! adjudication1 & rejoices t1 al?\gh kn[+ no?+ himself aga9/ ! c&idate1 "s "o has be5 pres5t :om a m intimate acqua9tance ) ! "* ( ! applicant has enabl$ to int]pose 8 veto1 & prev5t ! purity ( ! ,ord] f be+ sulli$ by ! admission ( an unwor?y c&idate4 ,"h ! matt] ends1 & ! lodge proce$s to o!r bus9ess4 ,b 9 a lodge :]e "o ( ^! injudici\s & ov]-zeal\s ,bre?r5 is pres5t1 h[ diff]5t is ! sc5e4 ,if ! c&idate is elect$1 he1 too1 rejoices2 b 8 joy is1 t ! lodge has ga9$ "o m memb] ^: annual dues & ^: initiation fee w augm5t ! am\nt ( its rev5ues4 ,if he is reject$1 he is indignant t ! lodge has be5 depriv$ ( ?is pecuni>y accession1 & =?) he sets to "w to rev]se1 if possible1 ! decision ( ! ballot box1 & by a volunte] def5se ( ! reject$ c&idate1 & viol5t d5unciations ( ^? :o oppos$ him1 he seeks to al>m ! timid & disgu/ ! intellig5t1 s t1 on a reconsid]ation1 !y may be induc$ to )draw _! opposition4 ,! motion = reconsid]ation is1 !n1 ! means g5]ally adopt$1 by su* seek]s aft] quantity1 to insure ! success ( _! ef=ts to br+ all into our fold :o seek admission1 irrespective ( wor? or qualification4 ,9 o!r words1 we may say1 t ! motion = reconsid]ation is ! great antagoni/ ( ! purity & security ( ! ballot box4 ,! importance1 !n1 ( ! position :i* x ?us assumes1 dem&s a brief discussion ( ! "t & mode 9 :i* a ballot may be reconsid]$4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! discussion1 x may be ass]t$1 t x is compet5t = any bro!r to move a reconsid]ation ( a ballot1 or = a lodge to vote on su* a motion4 ,! ballot is a "p ( ! "w ( initiat+ a c&idate4 ,x is ! prep>atory /ep1 & is j z necess>y to 8 legal mak+ z ! obligation or ! inve/iture4 ,z su*1 !n1 x is cle>ly entirely "u ! control ( ! ,ma/]4 ,! ,con/itutions ( ,masonry & ! ,rules & ,regulations ( e ,gr& & ,subord9ate lodge prescribe ! mode 9 :i* ! ballot %all be conduct$1 s t ! s5se ( ! memb]s may be tak54 ,! ,gr& ,lodge also requires t ! ,ma/] ( ! lodge %all see t t exact mode ( ballot %all be pursu$ & no o!r1 & x w hold him responsible t !re %all be no violation ( ! rule4 ,if1 !n1 ! ,ma/] is satisfi$ t ! ballot has be5 regul>ly & correctly conduct$1 & t no possible good1 b "s probable evil1 w\ld arise f its reconsid]ation1 x is n only compet5t = him1 b x is 8 solemn duty to refuse to p]mit any su* reconsid]ation4 ,a motion to t effect1 x may be obs]v$1 w always be out ( ord]1 al?\gh any ,bro!r may respectfully reque/ ! ,wor%ipful ,ma/] to ord] su* a reconsid]ation1 or sugge/ to him its propriety or exp$i5cy4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! ,ma/] is n satisfi$ t ! ballot is a true indication ( ! s5se ( ! lodge1 he may1 9 8 own discretion1 ord] a reconsid]ation4 ,?us !re may be b "o black ball2--n[ a s+le black ball may sometimes be inadv]t5tly ca/--! memb] vot+ x may h be5 favorably dispos$ t[>ds ! c&idate1 & yet1 f ! hurry & confusion ( vot+1 or f ! dimness ( ! light or ! infirmity ( 8 own eyes1 or f "s o!r equally natural cause1 he may h select$ a black ball1 :5 he int5d$ to h tak5 a :ite "o4 ,x is1 !re=e1 a matt] ( prud5ce & necess>y caution1 t1 :5 only "o black ball appe>s1 ! ,ma/] %\ld ord] a new ballot4 ,on ?is second ballot1 x is to be presum$ t m c>e & vigilance w be us$1 & ! reappe>ance ( ! black ball w !n %[ t x 0 deposit$ design$ly4 ,b :]e two or ?ree or m black balls appe> on ! fir/ ballot1 su* a c\rse ( reason+ is n au?oriz$1 & ! ,ma/] w !n be "r to refuse a reconsid]ation4 ,! ballot has !n be5 regul>ly tak5--! lodge has emphatically decid$ = a rejection1 & any ord] to r5ew ! ballot w\ld only be an insult to ^? :o oppos$ ! admission ( ! applicant1 & an indirect attempt to ?ru/ an unwelcome intrud] ^u ! lodge4 ,b al?\gh x is 9 ! p[] ( ! ,ma/]1 "u ! circum/ances :i* we h describ$1 to ord] a reconsid]ation1 yet ?is pr]ogative is accompani$ ) c]ta9 re/rictions1 :i* x may be well to notice4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! ,ma/] _c ord] a reconsid]ation on any o!r night ?an t on :i* ! orig9al ballot 0 tak54#ga ,aft] ! lodge is clos$1 ! decision ( ! ballot is f9al1 & !re is no human au?ority t c rev]se x4 ,! reason ( ?is rule is evid5t4 ,if x 7 o!rwise1 an unwor?y ,ma/] 7=1 un=tunately1 all ,ma/]s are n wor?y7 might on any subsequ5t ev5+ avail himself ( ! abs5ce ( ^? :o _h vot$ black balls1 to ord] a reconsid]ation1 & ?us succe$ 9 introduc+ an unfit & reject$ c&idate into ! lodge1 contr>y to ! wi%es ( a portion ( its memb]s4 ,nei!r c he ord] a reconsid]ation on ! same night1 if any ( ! ,bre?r5 :o vot$ h retir$4 ,all :o express$ _! op9ion on ! fir/ ballot1 mu/ be pres5t to express x on ! second4 ,! reasons = ?is re/riction are z evid5t z = ! =m]1 & are ( ! same "*4 ,x mu/ be und]/ood1 t ,i d n "h ref] to ^? reconsid]ations ( ! ballot :i* are necess>y to a full und]/&+ ( ! op9ion ( ! lodge1 & :i* h be5 detail$ 9 ! c]emonial ( ! mode ( ballot+1 z x 0 describ$ 9 ! prec$+ ,section4 ,x may be ask$ :e!r ! ,gr& ,ma/] _c1 by 8 disp5sations1 p]mit a reconsid]ation4 ,i answ] emphatically1 ,,no4 ,! ,gr& ,ma/] possesses no su* pr]ogative4 ,!re is no law 9 ! :ole jurisprud5ce ( ! in/itution cle>] ?an ?is--t nei!r ! ,gr& ,lodge nor ! ,gr& ,ma/] c int]f]e ) ! decision ( ! ballot box4 ,9 ,&]son's ,con/itutions1 ! law is laid d[n1 "u ! head ( ,duty ( ,memb]s 7edition ( #agee1 p4 #cab71 t 9 ! election ( c&idates ! ,bre?r5 are to give _! cons5t 9 _! own prud5t way1 ei!r virtually or 9 =m1 b ) unanimity4 ,& ! regulation goes on to say3 ,nor is ?is inh]5t privilege subject to a disp5sation1 because ! memb]s ( a lodge are ! be/ judges ( x2 & because1 if a turbul5t memb] %\ld be impos$ ^u !m1 x might spoil _! h>mony1 or h9d] ! fre$om ( _! communications1 or ev5 break & disp]se ! lodge4 ,?is settles ! "q4 ,a disp5sation to reconsid] a ballot w\ld be an int]f]5ce ) ! "r ( ! memb]s to give _! cons5t 9 _! own prud5t way2 x w\ld be an infr+em5t ( an inh]5t privilege1 & nei!r ! ,gr& ,lodge nor ! ,gr& ,ma/] c issue a disp5sation = su* a purpose4 ,e lodge mu/ be left to manage its own elections ( c&idates 9 its own prud5t way4 ,i conclude ?is section by a summ>y ( ! pr9ciples :i* h be5 discuss$1 & :i* ,i h endeavor$ to en=ce by a process ( reason+ :i* ,i tru/ may be deem$ suffici5tly conv9c+4 ,!y are briefly ^!3 #a4 ,x is nev] 9 ord] = a memb] to move = ! reconsid]ation ( a ballot on ! petition ( a c&idate = initiation1 nor = a lodge to ent]ta9 su* a motion4 #b4 ,! ,ma/] alone c1 = reasons satisfactory to himself1 ord] su* a reconsid]ation4 #c4 ,! ,ma/] _c ord] a reconsid]ation on any subsequ5t night1 nor on ! same night1 aft] any memb]1 :o 0 pres5t & vot$1 has dep>t$4 #d4 ,! ,gr& ,ma/] _c grant a disp5sation = a reconsid]ation1 nor 9 any o!r way int]f]e ) ! ballot4 ,! same re/riction applies to ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,section ,,viii4 ,( ! ,r5ewal ( ,applications by ,reject$ ,c&idates4 ,z x is app>5t f ! la/ section t !re c be no reconsid]ation by a lodge ( a reject$ petition1 ! "q w naturally arise1 h[ an error committ$ by a lodge1 9 ! rejection ( a wor?y applicant1 is to be correct$1 or h[ su* a c&idate1 :5 once reject$1 is ev] to make a second trial1 = x is1 ( c\rse1 admitt$1 t circum/ances may occur 9 :i* a c&idate :o _h be5 once blackball$ might1 on a r5ewal ( 8 petition1 be f\nd wor?y ( admission4 ,he may h s9ce re=m$ & ab&on$ ! vici\s habits :i* caus$ 8 fir/ rejection1 or x may h be5 s9ce discov]$ t t rejection 0 unju/4 ,h[1 !n1 is su* a c&idate to make a new application8 ,x is a rule ( univ]sal application 9 ,masonry1 t no c&idate1 hav+ be5 once reject$1 c apply to any o!r lodge = admission1 except to ! "o :i* reject$ him4 ,"u ?is regulation ! c\rse ( a second application is z foll[s3 ,"s ,gr& ,lodges h prescrib$ t1 :5 a c&idate has be5 reject$1 x %all n be compet5t = him to apply )9 a ye>1 six mon?s1 or "s o!r def9ite p]iod4 ,?is is altoge!r a local regulation--!re is no su* law 9 ! ,anci5t ,con/itutions--& !re=e1 :]e ! regulations ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ! jurisdiction are sil5t ^u ! subject1 g5]al pr9ciples direct ! foll[+ z ! prop] c\rse = a reject$ c&idate to pursue on a second application4 ,he mu/ s5d 9 a new lett]1 recomm5d$ & v\*$ = z be=e1 ei!r by ! same or o!r ,bre?r5--x mu/ be aga9 ref]r$ to a committee--lie ov] = a mon?--& ! ballot be !n tak5 z is usual 9 o!r cases4 ,x mu/ be treat$ 9 all respects z an entirely new petition1 altoge!r irrespective ( ! fact t ! same p]son _h ev] be=e made an application4 ,9 ?is way due notice w be giv5 to ! ,bre?r51 & all possibility ( an unfair election w be avoid$4 ,if ! local regulations are sil5t ^u ! subject1 ! second application may be made at any "t aft] ! rejection ( ! fir/1 all t is necess>y be+1 t ! second application %\ld pass ?r\gh ! same ordeal & be gov]n$ by ! same rules t prevail 9 relation to an orig9al application4 ,section ,,ix4 ,( ! necess>y ,probation & due ,pr(ici5cy ( ,c&idates be=e ,advancem5t4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 no "p ( ! jurisprud5ce ( ,masonry :i* x is m necess>y /rictly to obs]ve ?an t :i* relates to ! advancem5t ( c&idates ?r\gh ! sev]al degrees4 ,! me?od :i* is adopt$ 9 pass+ ,appr5tices & rais+ ,fell[ ,crafts--! probation :i* !y are requir$ to s]ve 9 ea* degree be=e advanc+ to a high]--& ! in/ructions :i* !y receive 9 _! progress1 (t5 mat]ially affect ! e/imation :i* is ent]ta9$ ( ! in/itution by its initiates4 ,! c&idate :o long rema9s at ! por* ( ! temple1 & l+]s 9 ! middle *amb]1 not+ ev]y?+ wor?y ( obs]vation 9 8 passage to ! holy ( holies1 :ile he bett] und]/&s ! nature ( ! pr(ession ^u :i* he has ent]$1 w h a m exalt$ op9ion ( its beauties & excell5cies ?an he :o has advanc$1 ) all ! rapidity t disp5sations c furni%1 f ! l[e/ to ! highe/ grades ( ! ,ord]4 ,9 ! =m] case1 ! design1 ! symbolism1 ! hi/ory1 & ! moral & philosophical be>+ ( ea* degree w be indelibly impress$ ^u ! m9d1 & ! apposit5ess ( :at has gone be=e to :at is to succe$ w be readily appreciat$2 b1 9 ! latt]1 ! lessons ( "o h\r w be oblit]at$ by ^? ( ! succe$+ "o2 t :i* has be5 le>n$ 9 "o degree1 w be =gott5 9 ! next2 & :5 all is complet$1 & ! la/ in/ructions h be5 imp>t$1 ! dissatisfi$ neophyte w f9d 8 m9d1 9 all t relates to ,masonry1 9 a /ate ( *aotic confusion4 ,l ,cassio1 he w rememb] a mass ( ?+s1 b no?+ di/9ctly4 ,an hundr$ ye>s ago x 0 said t ,masonry 0 a progressive sci5ce1 & n to be atta9$ 9 any degree ( p]fection1 b by "t1 pati5ce1 & a consid]able degree ( application & indu/ry4#gb ,& x is because t due proportion ( "t1 pati5ce & application1 has n be5 obs]v$1 t we s (t5 see ,masons indiff]5t to ! claims ( ! in/itution1 & totally unable to disc]n its true "*4 ,! arcana ( ! craft1 z ,dr4 ,h>ris rem>ks1 %\ld be gradually imp>t$ to its memb]s1 accord+ to _! improvem5t4 ,!re is no regulation ( our ,ord] m frequ5tly repeat$ 9 our con/itutions1 nor "o :i* %\ld be m rigidly obs]v$1 ?an t :i* requires ( e c&idate a suitable pr(ici5cy 9 "o degree1 be=e he is p]mitt$ to pass to ano!r4 ,b z ?is regulation is too (t5 neglect$1 to ! manife/ injury ( ! :ole ,ord]1 z well z ( ! p>ticul> lodge :i* violates x1 by ! introduction ( ignorant & unskillful workm5 into ! temple1 x may be wor? ! labor we %all sp5d ^u ! subject1 to inve/igate "s ( ! au?orities :i* support u 9 ! decl>ation1 t no c&idate %\ld be promot$1 until1 by a due probation1 he has made suitable pr(ici5cy 9 ! prec$+ degree4 ,9 "o ( ! e>lie/ s]ies ( regulations t h be5 pres]v$--made 9 ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iii41 x 0 orda9$1 t su* z 7 to be admitt$ ,ma/] ,masons1 or ,ma/]s ( "w1 %\ld be exam9$ :e!r !y be able ( cunn+ to s]ve _! respective ,lords1 z well ! l[e/ z ! highe/1 to ! honor & wor%ip ( ! a=esaid art1 & to ! pr(it ( _! ,lords4 ,"h1 !n1 we may see ! orig9 ( t usage1 :i* is /ill practic$ 9 e well gov]n$ lodge1 n only ( dem&+ a prop] degree ( pr(ici5cy 9 ! c&idate1 b also ( te/+ t pr(ici5cy by an exam9ation4 ,?is cauti\s & hone/ fe> ( ! frat]nity1 le/ any ,bro!r %\ld assume ! duties ( a position :i* he c\ld n fai?fully dis*>ge1 & :i* is1 9 our "t1 tantam\nt to a c&idate's advanc+ to a degree = :i* he is n prep>$1 is aga9 exhibit$ 9 ! *>ges enact$ 9 ! reign ( ,james ,,ii41 ! manuscript ( :i* 0 pres]v$ 9 ! ar*ives ( ! ,lodge ( ,antiquity 9 ,london4 ,9 ^! *>ges x is requir$1 t no ,mason take on no "l's worke1 nor any o!r man's1 unless he "k himselfe well able to p]=m ! worke1 s t ! craft h no sl&]4 ,9 ! same *>ges1 x is prescrib$ t no ma/]1 or fell[1 %all take no appr5tice = less ?an sev5 ye>s4 ,9 ano!r s]ies ( *>ges1 ^: exact date is n asc]ta9$1 b ^: language & or?ography indicate _! antiquity1 x is said3 ,ye %all orda9 ! wise/ to be ,ma/] ( ! "w2 & nei!r = love nor l9eage1 ri*es nor favor1 set "o ov] ! "w#gc :o ha? b little k1 :]eby ! ,ma/] w\ld be evil s]v$1 & ye a%am$4 ,^! *>ges cle>ly %[ ! great /ress t 0 plac$ by our anci5t ,bre?r5 ^u ! necessity ( skill & pr(ici5cy1 & !y h furni%$ ! prec$5ts ^u :i* are bas$ all ! simil> regulations t h be5 subsequ5tly appli$ to ,speculative ,masonry4 ,9 ! ye> #agbb1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& ord]$ ! ,old ,*>ges ( ! ,free & ,accept$ ,masons to be collect$ f ! anci5t records1 &1 hav+ approv$ ( !m1 !y became a "p ( ! ,con/itutions ( ,speculative ,freemasonry4 ,9 ^! ,*>ges1 x is orda9$ t a y\ng] ,bro!r %all be in/ruct$ 9 work+1 to prev5t spoil+ ! mat]ials = want ( judgm5t1 & = increas+ & cont9u+ ( bro!rly love4 ,subsequ5tly1 9 #agfg1 x 0 decl>$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 t no lodge %all be p]mitt$ to make & raise ! same ,bro!r1 at "o & ! same meet+1 )\t a disp5sation f ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 or 8 ,deputy2 &1 le/ too frequ5t advantage %\ld be tak5 ( ?is p[] ( disp5sation1 to hurry c&idates ?r\gh ! degrees1 x is add$ t ! disp5sation1 on v p>ticul> occasions only1 may be reque/$4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& aft]w>ds f\nd x necess>y to be m explicit on ?is subject1 & ! regulation ( t body is n[ conta9$ 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,no c&idate %all be p]mitt$ to receive m ?an "o degree on ! same day1 nor %all a high] degree 9 ,masonry be conf]r$ on any ,bro!r at a less int]val ?an f\r weeks f 8 receiv+ a previ\s degree1 nor until he has pass$ an exam9ation 9 op5 lodge 9 t degree4#gd ,?is seems to be ! recogniz$ pr9ciple on :i* ! frat]nity are1 at ?is day1 act+ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! rule is1 p]haps1 sometimes1 & 9 "s places1 9 abeyance4 ,a few lodges1 f an impolitic desire to increase _! num]ical /r5g?1 or rapidly to advance m5 ( worldly weal? or influ5ce to high /ations 9 ! ,ord]1 may infr+e x1 & neglect to dem& ( _! c&idates t suitable pr(ici5cy :i* ought to be1 9 ,masonry1 an ess5tial recomm5dation to promotion2 b ! great doctr9e t ea* degree %\ld be well /udi$1 & ! c&idate prove 8 pr(ici5cy 9 x by an exam9ation1 has be5 uni=mly set =? by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :5ev] !y h express$ an op9ion on ! subject4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 9 #ahde1 ! late ,bro4 ,a4,a4 ,rob]tson1 ,gr& ,ma/] ( ,new ,york1 gave utt]ance to ! foll[+ op9ion1 9 8 annual address to ! intellig5t body ov] :i* he presid$3 ,! practice ( exam9+ c&idates 9 ! prior degrees1 be=e admission to ! high]1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 _! pr(ici5cy1 is ga9+ ! favorable notice ( ,ma/]s ( lodges1 & _c be too highly valu$1 nor too /rongly recomm5d$ to all lodges 9 ?is jurisdiction4 ,x necess>ily requires ! novitiate to reflect ^u ! be>+ ( all t has be5 s f> taught him1 & consequ5tly to impress ^u 8 m9d ! beauty & utility ( ^? sublime tru?s1 :i* h be5 illu/rat$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! c]emonies he has witness$ 9 8 progress 9 ! my/ic art4 ,9 a ^w1 x w be ! means ( mak+ compet5t ov]se]s ( ! "w--& no c&idate %\ld be advanc$1 until he has satisfi$ ! lodge1 by su* exam9ation1 t he has made ! necess>y pr(ici5cy 9 ! l[] degrees4#ge ,9 #ahde1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,i[a issu$ a circul> to h] subord9ates1 9 :i* %e gave ! foll[+ admonition3 ,to gu>d aga9/ ha/y & improp] "w1 %e prohibits a c&idate f be+ advanc$ till he has made satisfactory pr(ici5cy 9 ! prec$+ degrees1 by in=m+ himself ( ! lectures p]ta9+ !reto2 & to suff] a c&idate to proce$ :o is ignorant 9 ?is ess5tial p>ticul>1 is calculat$ 9 a high degree to injure ! in/itution & ret>d its usefulness4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,ill9ois has practically decl>$ its adhesion to ! anci5t regulation2 =1 9 ! ye> #ahdc1 ! disp5sation ( ,nauvoo ,lodge1 "o ( its subord9ates1 0 revok$ pr9cipally on ! gr\nd t %e 0 guilty ( pu%+ ! c&idate ?r\gh ! second & ?ird degrees1 be=e he c\ld possibly be skill$ 9 ! prec$+ degree4 ,& ! committee :o recomm5d$ ! revocation1 v ju/ly rem>k$ t !y 7 n sure t any l5g? ( probation w\ld 9 all cases insure skill1 b !y 7 c]ta9 t ! anci5t l&m>ks ( ! ,ord] requir$ t ! lodge %\ld "k t ! c&idate is well skill$ 9 "o degree be=e be+ admitt$ to ano!r4 ,! ,gr& ,lodges ( ,massa*usetts & ,s\? ,c>ol9a h adopt$1 almo/ 9 ! precise words1 ! regulation ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 already cit$1 :i* requires an int]val ( "o mon? to elapse betwe5 ! conf]r+ ( degrees4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,new ,hamp%ire requires a great] probation = its c&idates2 its con/itution prescribes ! foll[+ regulation3 ,all ,ent]$ ,appr5tices mu/ "w five mon?s z su*1 be=e !y c be admitt$ to ! degree ( ,fell[ ,craft4 ,all ,fell[ ,crafts mu/ "w 9 a lodge ( ,fell[ ,crafts ?ree mon?s1 be=e !y c be rais$ to ! sublime degree ( ,ma/] ,mason4 ,provid$1 nev]!less1 t if any ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 or ,fell[ ,craft1 %all make himself ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) all ! in=mation belong+ to 8 degree1 he may be advanc$ at an e>li] p]iod1 at ! discretion ( ! lodge4 ,b1 p]haps1 ! mo/ /r+5t rule ^u ?is subject1 is t :i* exi/s 9 ! ,con/itution ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,hanov]1 :i* is 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,no ,bro!r c be elect$ an (fic] ( a lodge until he has be5 ?ree ye>s a ,ma/] ,mason4 ,a ,fell[ ,craft mu/ "w at lea/ "o ye> 9 t degree1 be=e he c be admitt$ to ! ?ird degree4 ,an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice mu/ rema9 at lea/ two ye>s 9 t degree4 ,x seems unnecess>y to ext5d ^! citations4 ,! exi/5ce ( ! regulation1 :i* requires a necess>y probation 9 c&idates1 until due pr(ici5cy is obta9$1 is univ]sally admitt$4 ,! anci5t con/itutions repeat$ly ass]t x1 & x has receiv$ ! subsequ5t sanction ( innum]able ,masonic au?orities4 ,b1 un=tunately1 ! practice is n always 9 accordance ) ! rule4 ,&1 h5ce1 ! object ( ?is article is n s mu* to demon/rate ! exi/5ce ( ! law1 z to urge ^u our read]s ! necessity ( a /rict adh]5ce to x4 ,!re is no great] injury :i* c be inflict$ on ! ,masonic ,ord] 7! admission ( immoral p]sons except$71 ?an t ( hurry+ c&idates ?r\gh ! sev]al degrees4 ,inju/ice is done to ! in/itution1 ^: peculi> pr9ciples & excell5cies are nev] prop]ly pres5t$--& irrep>able injury to ! c&idate1 :o1 acquir+ no fair appreciation ( ! c]emonies ?r\gh :i* he rapidly passes1 or ( ! in/ructions :i* he sc>cely he>s1 is fill$ ei!r ) an indiff]5ce t nev] aft]w>ds c be w>m$ into zeal1 or ) a disgu/ t c nev] be *ang$ into e/eem4 ,masonry is betray$ 9 su* an in/ance by its fri5ds1 & (t5 loses ! influ5ce ( an intellig5t memb]1 :o1 if he _h be5 prop]ly in/ruct$1 might h become "o ( its w>me/ & mo/ /eadfa/ advocates4 ,?is subject is s important1 t ,i w n hesitate to add to ! influ5ce ( ^! op9ions ! great sanction ( ,pre/on's au?ority4 ,_m p]sons1 says t able philosoph] ( ,masonry1 are delud$ by ! vague supposition t our my/]ies are m]ely nom9al2 t ! practices e/abli%$ among u are frivol\s1 & t our c]emonies may be adopt$1 or waiv$ at pleasure4 ,on ?is false f\ndation1 we f9d !m hurry+ ?r\gh all ! degrees ( ! ,ord]1 )\t adv]t+ to ! propriety ( "o /ep !y pursue1 or possess+ a s+le qualification requisite = advancem5t4 ,pass+ ?r\gh ! usual =malities1 !y consid] !mselves entitl$ to rank z ma/]s ( ! art1 solicit & accept (fices1 & assume ! gov]nm5t ( ! lodge1 equally unacqua9t$ ) ! rules ( ! in/itution !y pret5d to support1 or ! nature ( ! tru/ !y engage to p]=m4 ,! consequ5ce is obvi\s2 an>*y & confusion ensue1 & ! sub/ance is lo/ 9 ! %ad[4 ,h5ce m5 em95t = ability1 rank1 & =tune1 are (t5 l$ to view ! honors ( ,masonry ) su* indiff]5ce1 t :5 _! patronage is solicit$1 !y ei!r accept (fices ) reluctance1 or reject !m ) disda94#gf ,let1 !n1 no lodge :i* values its own usefulness1 or ! "* ( our in/itution1 admit any c&idate to a high] degree1 until he has made suitable pr(ici5cy 9 ! prec$+ "o1 to be always te/$ by a /rict exam9ation 9 op5 lodge4 ,nor c x d s1 )\t a palpable violation ( ! laws ( ,masonry4 ,section ,x4 ,( ,ballot+ = ,c&idates 9 ea* ,degree4 ,al?\gh !re is no law1 9 ! ,anci5t ,con/itutions1 :i* 9 express words requires a ballot = c&idates 9 ea* degree1 yet ! :ole t5or & _s ( ^! con/itutions seem to indicate t !re %\ld be rec\rse to su* a ballot4 ,! con/ant ref]5ce1 9 ! num]\s passages :i* 7 cit$ 9 ! prec$+ ,section1 to ! necessity ( an exam9ation into ! pr(ici5cy ( ^? :o s\ght advancem5t1 w\ld necess>ily appe> to imply t a vote ( ! lodge mu/ be tak5 on ! "q ( ?is pr(ici5cy4 ,accord+ly1 mod]n ,gr& ,lodges h g5]ally1 by special enactm5t1 requir$ a ballot to be tak5 on ! application ( an ,appr5tice or ,fell[ ,craft = advancem5t1 & :]e no su* regulation has be5 explicitly laid d[n1 ! almo/ con/ant usage ( ! craft has be5 9 favor ( su* ballot4 ,! ,anci5t ,con/itutions hav+ be5 sil5t on ! subject ( ! lett] ( ! law1 local usage or regulations mu/ necess>ily supply ! specific rule4 ,:]e n o!rwise provid$ by ! ,con/itutions ( a ,gr& ,lodge or ! bye-laws ( a subord9ate lodge1 analogy w\ld in/ruct u t ! ballot1 on ! application ( ,appr5tices or ,fell[ ,crafts = advancem5t1 %\ld be gov]n$ by ! same pr9ciples t regulate ! ballot on petitions = initiation4 ,( c\rse1 !n1 ! vote %\ld be unanim\s3 = ,i see no reason :y a lodge ( ,fell[ ,crafts %\ld be less gu>d$ 9 its admission ( ,appr5tices1 ?an a lodge ( ,appr5tices is 9 its admission ( pr(anes4 ,aga91 ! ballot %\ld take place at a /at$ meet+1 s t e memb] may h due & timely notice1 & be prep>$ to ex]cise 8 inh]5t privilege ( grant+ or )hold+ 8 cons5t2 = x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! man :o 0 wor?y or suppos$ to be s1 :5 initiat$ z an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 may prove to be unwor?y :5 he applies to pass z a ,fell[ ,graft1 & e memb] %\ld1 !re=e1 h ! means & opportunity ( pass+ 8 judgm5t on t wor?9ess or unwor?9ess4 ,if ! c&idate = advancem5t has be5 reject$ once1 he may aga9 apply1 if !re is no local regulation to ! contr>y4 ,b1 9 su* a case1 due notice %\ld be giv5 to all ! memb]s1 :i* is be/ done by mak+ ! application at "o regul> meet+1 & vot+ = x on ! next4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ,i suppose to be only necess>y 9 ! case ( a r5ew$ application aft] a rejection4 ,an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice or a ,fell[ ,craft is entitl$ aft] due probation to make 8 application = advancem5t2 & 8 fir/ application may be ballot$ = on ! same ev5+1 provid$ x be a regul> meet+ ( ! lodge4 ,! memb]s are suppos$ to "k :at "w is be=e !m to d1 & %\ld be !re to d x4 ,b ! case is o!rwise :5ev] a c&idate = advancem5t has be5 reject$4 ,he has n[ be5 set aside by ! lodge1 & no "t is laid d[n 9 ! regulations or usages ( ! craft = 8 mak+ a second application4 ,he may nev] d s1 or he may 9 ?ree mon?s1 9 a ye>1 or 9 five ye>s4 ,! memb]s are1 !re=e1 no m prep>$ to expect ?is r5ew$ application at any p>ticul> meet+ ( ! lodge1 ?an !y are to anticipate any entirely new petition ( a pr(ane4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! second application is n made at "o regul> meet+ & laid ov] to ! next1 ! possibility is t ! lodge may be tak5 by surprise1 & 9 ! words ( ! old ,regulation1 a turbul5t memb] may be impos$ on x4 ,! inexp$i5cy ( any o!r c\rse may be readily se51 f a suppositions case4 ,we w assume t 9 a c]ta9 lodge1 ,a1 :o is a ,fell[ ,craft1 applies regul>ly = advancem5t to ! ?ird degree4 ,on ?is occasion1 = good & suffici5t reasons1 two ( ! memb]s1 ,b & ,c1 express _! diss5t by deposit+ black balls4 ,8 application to be rais$ is consequ5tly reject$1 & he rema9s a ,fell[ ,graft4 ,two or ?ree meet+s ( ! lodge pass ov]1 & at ea*1 ,b & ,c are pres5t2 b1 at ! f\r? meet+1 circum/ances compel _! abs5ce1 & ! fri5ds ( ,a1 tak+ advantage ( t occurr5ce1 aga9 propose him = advancem5t2 ! ballot is =?) tak51 & he is elect$ & rais$ on ! same ev5+4 ,! inju/ice ( ?is c\rse to ,b & ,c1 & ! evil to ! lodge & ! :ole frat]nity1 9 ?is imposition ( "o :o is probably an unwor?y p]son1 w be app>5t to e intellig5t & "r-m9d$ ,mason4 ,i d n1 h[ev]1 believe t a c&idate %\ld be reject$1 on 8 application = advancem5t1 9 consequ5ce ( objections to 8 moral wor? & "*4 ,9 su* a case1 ! prop] c\rse w\ld be to pref] *>ges1 to try him z an ,appr5tice or ,fell[ ,craft2 &1 if f\nd guilty1 to susp5d1 expel1 or o!rwise appropriately puni% him4 ,! applicant z well z ! ,ord] is1 9 su* a case1 entitl$ to a fair trial4 ,want ( pr(ici5cy1 or a m5tal or physical disqualification acquir$ s9ce ! reception ( ! prec$+ degree1 is alone a legitimate cause = an e/oppal ( advancem5t by ! ballot4 ,b ?is subject w be treat$ ( fur!r 9 ! *apt] on ! rights ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices4 ,section ,,xi4 ,( ! ,numb] to be ,initiat$ at "o ,communication4 ,! f\r? ,g5]al ,regulation decrees t no ,lodge %all make m ?an five new ,bro!rs at "o "t4 ,?is regulation has be5 univ]sally int]pret$ 7& ) great propriety7 to mean t n m ?an five degrees c be conf]r$ at ! same communication4 ,?is regulation is1 h[ev]1 subject to disp5sation by ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 or ,presid+ ,gr& ,(fic]1 9 :i* case ! numb] to be initiat$1 pass$1 or rais$1 w be re/rict$ only by ! words ( ! disp5sation4 ,! foll[+1 or fif? ,g5]al ,regulation1 says t no man c be made or admitt$ a memb] ( a p>ticul> lodge1 )\t previ\s notice1 "o mon? be=e1 giv5 to ! same lodge4 ,n[1 z a pr(ane _c be admitt$ an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 or 9 o!r words1 a memb] ( an ,ent]$ ,appr5tices' lodge1 unless aft] "o mon?'s notice1 s x foll[s t an ,appr5tice _c be admitt$ a memb] ( a ,fell[ ,crafts' lodge1 nor a ,fell[ ,craft ( a ,ma/]s'1 )\t ! l probation4 ,= ! words ( ! regulation :i* apply to "o1 w equally apply to ! o!rs4 ,& h5ce we d]ive ! law1 t a mon? at lea/ mu/ always int]v5e betwe5 ! reception ( "o degree & ! advancem5t to ano!r4 ,b ?is rule is also subject to a disp5sation4 ,section ,,xii4 ,( ,f9i%+ ! ,c&idates ( "o ,lodge 9 ano!r4 ,x is an anci5t & univ]sal regulation1 t no lodge %all int]f]e ) ! "w ( ano!r by initiat+ its c&idates1 or pass+ or rais+ its ,appr5tices & ,fell[ ,crafts4 ,e lodge is suppos$ to be compet5t to manage its own bus9ess1 & ought to be ! be/ judge ( ! qualifications ( its own memb]s1 & h5ce x w\ld be highly improp] 9 any lodge to conf] a degree on a ,bro!r :o is n ( its h\sehold4 ,?is regulation is d]iv$ f a provision 9 ! ,anci5t ,*>ges1 :i* h v prop]ly be5 suppos$ to conta9 ! fundam5tal law ( ,masonry1 & :i* prescribes ! pr9ciple ( ! rule 9 ! foll[+ symbolical language3 ,none %all discov] envy at ! prosp]ity ( a ,bro!r1 nor supplant him or put him out ( 8 "w1 if he be capable to f9i% ! same2 = no man c f9i% ano!r's "w1 s mu* to ! ,"l's pr(it1 unless he be ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) ! designs & draughts ( him t began x4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a case 9 :i* "o lodge may1 by cons5t1 legally f9i% ! "w ( ano!r4 ,let u suppose t a c&idate has be5 initiat$ 9 a lodge at ,a----1 &1 be=e he receives 8 second degree1 removes to ,b----1 & t be+1 by ! urg5cy ( 8 bus9ess1 unable ei!r to po/pone 8 dep>ture f ,a----1 until he has be5 pass$ & rais$1 or to return = ! purpose ( 8 receiv+ 8 second & ?ird degrees1 !n x is compet5t = ! lodge at ,a---- to grant p]mission to ! lodge at ,b---- to conf] !m on ! c&idate4 ,b h[ %all ?is p]mission be giv5--by a unanim\s vote1 or m]ely by a vote ( ! majority ( ! memb]s at ,a----8 ,"h x seems to me t1 s f> z reg>ds ! lodge at ,a----1 ! reasons = unanimity no long] exi/4 ,!re is "h no dang] t a fracti\s memb] w be impos$ on !m1 z ! c&idate1 :5 f9i%$1 w become a memb] ( ! lodge at ,b----4 ,! "q ( cons5t is simply 9 ! nature ( a resolution1 & may be det]m9$ by ! ass5t+ votes ( a majority ( ! memb]s at ,a---4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 to be und]/ood1 t if any ,bro!r believes t ! c&idate is unwor?y1 f "*1 ( fur!r advancem5t1 he may susp5d ! "q ( cons5t1 by pref]r+ *>ges aga9/ him4 ,if ?is is n done1 & ! cons5t ( ! lodge is obta9$1 t ! c&idate may apply to ! lodge at ,b---1 !n :5 8 petition is read 9 t lodge1 x mu/1 ( c\rse1 pass ?r\gh ! usual ordeal ( a mon?'s probation1 & a unanim\s vote2 = "h ! old reasons = unanimity once m prevail4 ,i "k ( no anci5t writt5 law ^u ?is subject1 b x seems to me t ! c\rse ,i h describ$ is ! only "o t c\ld be sugge/$ by analogy & common s5se4 ,section ,,xiii4 ,( ! ,initiation ( ,non-resid5ts4 ,! subject ( ?is section is naturally divid$ into two bran*es3--,fir/1 z to ! initiation by a lodge ( a c&idate1 :o1 resid+ 9 ! same ,/ate or ,gr& ,lodge jurisdiction1 is /ill n an inhabitant ( ! t[n 9 :i* ! lodge to :i* he applies is situat$1 b resides ne>] to "s o!r lodge2 &1 secondly1 z to ! initiation ( a /rang]1 ^: resid5ce is 9 ano!r ,/ate1 or "u ! jurisdiction ( ano!r ,gr& ,lodge4 #a4 ,! fir/ ( ^! divisions pres5ts a "q :i* is easily answ]$4 ,al?\gh ,i c f9d no anci5t regulation on ?is subject1 /ill1 by ! concurr5t au?ority ( all ,gr& ,lodges 9 ?is c\ntry1 at lea/1 7= ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& has no su* provision 9 its ,con/itution17 e lodge is =bidd5 to initiate any p]son ^: resid5ce is ne>] to any o!r lodge4 ,if1 h[ev]1 su* an initiation %\ld take place1 al?\gh ! lodge w\ld be c5surable = its violation ( ! regulations ( its sup]ior1 yet !re has nev] be5 any d\bt t ! initiation w\ld be good & ! c&idate s admitt$ regul>ly made4 ,! puni%m5t mu/ fall ^u ! lodge & n ^u ! newly-made ,bro!r4 #b4 ,! second division pres5ts a m emb>rass+ inquiry1 on acc\nt ( ! div]sity ( op9ions :i* h be5 ent]ta9$ on ! subject4 ,c a lodge 9 "o ,/ate1 or ,gr& ,lodge jurisdiction1 initiate ! resid5t ( ano!r ,/ate1 & w\ld su* initiation be lawful1 & ! p]son s initiat$ a regul> ,mason1 or1 to use ! te*nical language ( ! ,ord]1 a ,mason made 9 due =m1 & entitl$ to all ! rights & privileges ( ! ,ord]8 ,! "q is "o ( consid]able difficulty2 x has giv5 occasion to mu* controv]sy1 & has be5 w>mly discuss$ )9 ! la/ few ye>s by sev]al ( ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 #ahdg1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,alabama adopt$ ! foll[+ regulation1 :i* _h be5 previ\sly enact$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,t5nessee3 ,any p]son resid+ )9 ! jurisdiction ( ?is ,gr& ,lodge1 :o has already1 or %all h]eaft]1 travel into any =eign jurisdiction1 & !re receive ! degrees ( ,masonry1 su* p]son %all n be entitl$ to ! rights1 b5efits1 & privileges ( ,masonry )9 ?is jurisdiction1 until he %all h be5 regul>ly admitt$ a memb] ( ! subord9ate lodge "u ?is ,gr& ,lodge1 ne>e/ :i* he at ! "t resides1 9 ! mann] provid$ by ! ,con/itution ( ?is ,gr& ,lodge = ! admission ( memb]s4 ,! rule adopt$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,m>yl& is /ill m /r+5t4 ,x decl>es1 t if any individual1 f selfi% motives1 f di/ru/ ( 8 acceptance1 or o!r causes orig9at+ 9 himself1 kn[+ly & willfully travel into ano!r jurisdiction1 & !re receive ! masonic degrees1 he %all be consid]$ & held z a cl&e/9e made ,mason4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,new ,york1 especially1 has oppos$ ^! regulations1 inflict+ a p5alty on ! initiate1 & assigns its reasons = ! opposition 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,be=e a man becomes a ,mason1 he is subject to no law :i* any ,gr& ,lodge c enact4 ,no ,gr& ,lodge has a "r to make a law to compel any citiz51 :o desires1 to be initiat$ 9 a p>ticul> lodge1 or 9 ! t[n or ,/ate ( 8 resid5ce2 nei!r c any ,gr& ,lodge =bid a citiz5 to g :]e he pleases to seek acceptance into fell[%ip ) ! craft2 & :]e !re is no "r to compel or to =bid1 !re c be no "r to puni%2 b x w be obs]v$1 t ! laws ref]r$ to 7 enact$ to puni% ! citiz5s ( ,m>yl& & ,alabama1 z ,masons & ,bre?r51 = do+ some?+ be=e !y 7 ,masons & ,bre?r51 :i* !y _h a p]fect "r to d z citiz5s & freem52 & x mu/ c]ta9ly be reg>d$ z an act ( deception & trea*]y by a "y ,mason1 on return+ home1 to be told1 t he is 'a cl&e/9e ,mason1' t he 'ought to be expell$1' or1 t he _c be recogniz$ z a ,bro!r till he 'jo9s a lodge :]e 8 resid5ce is1' because he 0 initiat$ 9 ,new ,york1 9 ,engl&1 or 9 ,france1 aft] hav+ he>d all 8 life ( ! univ]sality & on5ess ( ! in/itution4#gg ,x seems to u t ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,new ,york has tak5 ! prop] view ( ! subject2 al?\gh we confess t we are n satisfi$ ) ! :ole c\rse ( reason+ by :i* x has arriv$ at ! conclusion4 ,:atev] we may be incl9$ to ?9k ( ! inexp$i5cy ( mak+ transi5t p]sons 7& we c]ta9ly d believe t x w\ld be bett] t ! "* & qualifications ( e c&idate %\ld be submitt$ to ! inspection ( 8 neighbors r ?an to t ( /rang]s71 h[ev] mu* we may condemn ! c>elessness & facility ( a lodge :i* is ?us will+ to initiate a /rang]1 )\t t due exam9ation ( 8 "*1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 9 ! case ( non-resid5ts1 c seldom be obta9$1 we are oblig$ to admit t su* mak+s are legal--! p]son ?us made _c be call$ a cl&e/9e ,mason1 because he has be5 made 9 a legally con/itut$ lodge--& z he is a regul> ,mason1 we "k ( no pr9ciple by :i* he c be refus$ admission z a visitor into any lodge to :i* he applies4 ,masonry is univ]sal 9 its "*1 & kn[s no di/9ction ( nation or ( religion4 ,al?\gh ea* /ate or k+dom has its di/9ct ,gr& ,lodge1 ?is is simply = purposes ( conv5i5ce 9 c>ry+ out ! pr9ciples ( uni=mity & subord9ation1 :i* %\ld prevail ?r\gh\t ! masonic sy/em4 ,! jurisdiction ( ^! bodies is entirely ( a masonic "*1 & is ex]cis$ only ov] ! memb]s ( ! ,ord] :o h volunt>ily contract$ _! allegiance4 ,x _c affect ! pr(ane1 :o are1 ( c\rse1 beyond its pale4 ,x is true1 t z soon z a c&idate applies to a lodge = initiation1 he beg9s to come )9 ! scope ( masonic law4 ,he has to submit to a prescrib$ =mula ( application & entrance1 long be=e he becomes a memb] ( ! ,ord]4 ,b z ?is =mula is univ]sal 9 its op]ation1 affect+ c&idates :o are to receive x & lodges :i* are to en=ce x 9 all places1 x mu/ h be5 d]iv$ f "s univ]sal au?ority4 ,! mann]1 !re=e1 9 :i* a c&idate is to be admitt$1 & ! prelim9>y qualifications :i* are requisite1 are prescrib$ by ! l&m>ks1 ! g5]al usage1 & ! anci5t con/itutions ( ! ,ord]4 ,& z !y h direct$ ! mode h[1 !y might also h prescrib$ ! place :]e1 a man %\ld be made a ,mason4 ,b !y h done no su* ?+4 ,we _c1 aft] ! mo/ dilig5t se>*1 f9d any con/itutional regulation ( ! craft1 :i* ref]s to ! initiation ( non-resid5ts4 ,! subject has be5 left unt\*$2 & z ! anci5t & univ]sally ackn[l$g$ au?orities ( ,masonry h neglect$ to legislate on ! subject1 x is n[ too late = any mod]n & local au?ority1 l t ( a ,gr& ,lodge1 to d s4 ,a ,gr& ,lodge may1 x is true1 =bid--z ,miss\ri1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 ,georgia1 & sev]al o!r ,gr& ,lodges h done--! initiation ( non-resid5ts1 )9 its own jurisdiction1 because ?is is a local law enact$ by a local au?ority2 b x _c travel beyond its own t]ritory1 & prescribe ! same rule to ano!r ,gr& ,lodge1 :i* may n1 9 fact1 be will+ to adopt x4 ,! conclusions1 !n1 at :i* we arrive no ?is subject are ^!3 ,! anci5t con/itutions h prescrib$ no regulation on ! subject ( ! initiation ( non-resid5ts2 x is1 !re=e1 optional ) e ,gr& ,lodge1 :e!r x w or w n suff] su* c&idates to be made )9 its own jurisdiction2 ! mak+1 :]e x is p]mitt$1 is legal1 & ! c&idate s made becomes a regul> ,mason1 & is entitl$ to ! "r ( visitation4 ,:at1 !n1 is ! rem$y1 :]e a p]son ( bad "*1 & hav+1 9 ! language ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,m>yl&1 a di/ru/ ( 8 acceptance at home1 goes abroad & receives ! degrees ( ,masonry8 ,no "o w d5y t su* a /ate ( ?+s is productive ( great evil to ! craft4 ,=tunately1 ! rem$y is simple & easily appli$4 ,let ! lodge1 into ^: jurisdiction he has return$1 ex]cise its p[] ( discipl9e1 & if 8 "* & conduct des]ve ! puni%m5t1 let him be expell$ f ! ,ord]4 ,if he is unwor?y ( rema9+ 9 ! ,ord]1 he %\ld be remov$ f x at once2 b if he is wor?y ( cont9u+ 9 x1 !re c]ta9ly c be no objection to 8 mak+ use ( 8 "r to visit4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,( ! ,rights ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices4 ,9 an inquiry into ! rights ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices1 we %all n be mu* assi/$ by ! ,anci5t ,con/itutions1 :i*1 leav+ ! subject 9 ! position 9 :i* usage _h e/abli%$ x1 are sil5t 9 relation to :at is ! rule4 ,9 all su* cases1 we mu/1 z ,i h frequ5tly rem>k$ be=e1 9 settl+ ! law1 h rec\rse to analogy1 to ! g5]al pr9ciples ( equity1 & ! dictates ( common s5se1 &1 ) ^! ?ree z our guides1 we %all f9d b little difficulty 9 com+ to a "r conclusion4 ,at pres5t1 an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice is n consid]$ a memb] ( ! ,lodge1 :i* privilege is only ext5d$ to ,ma/] ,masons4 ,?is 0 n =m]ly ! case4 ,!n ! ,ma/]'s degree 0 n z indiscrim9ately conf]r$ z x is n[4 ,a long] probation & great] m5tal or moral qualifications 7 requir$ to entitle a c&idate to ?is sublime dignity4 ,none 7 call$ ,ma/] ,masons b su* z _h presid$ ov] _! ,lodges1 & ! (fice ( ,w>d5s 0 fill$ by ,fell[ ,crafts4 ,ent]$ ,appr5tices1 z well z ,fell[ ,crafts1 7 p]mitt$ to att5d ! communications ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 & express _! op9ions2 &1 9 #agah1 x 0 enact$ t e new regulation1 propos$ 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 %\ld be submitt$ to ! consid]ation ( ev5 ! y\nge/ ,ent]$ ,appr5tice4 ,bre?r5 ( ?is degree compos$1 9 fact1 at t "t1 ! great body ( ! craft4 ,b1 all ^! ?+s h1 s9ce1 by ! gradual improvem5t ( our organization1 und]gone _m alt]ations2 & ,ent]$ ,appr5tices seem n[1 by univ]sal cons5t1 to be re/rict$ to a v few rights4 ,!y h ! "r ( sitt+ 9 all lodges ( _! degree1 ( receiv+ all ! in/ructions :i* app]ta9 to x1 b n ( speak+ or vot+1 &1 la/ly1 ( (f]+ !mselves z c&idates = advancem5t1 )\t ! prep>atory necessity ( a =mal writt5 petition4 ,^! be+ admitt$ to be ! rights ( an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 few & unimportant z !y may be1 !y are z de> to him z ^? ( a ,ma/] ,mason are to "o :o has be5 advanc$ to t degree2 & he is1 & ought to be1 z firmly secur$ 9 _! possession4 ,!re=e1 z no ,mason c be depriv$ ( 8 rights & privileges1 except aft] a fair & imp>tial trial1 & ! v]dict ( 8 pe]s1 x is cle> t ! ,ent]$ ,appr5tice _c be dive/$ ( ^! rights )\t j su* a trial & v]dict4 ,b1 9 ! next place1 we are to inquire :e!r ! privilege ( be+ pass$ z a ,fell[ ,craft is to be enum]at$ among ^! rights8 ,&1 we cle>ly answ]1 ,no4 ,! ,ent]$ ,appr5tice has ! "r ( mak+ ! application4 ,h]e9 he diff]s f a pr(ane1 :o has no su* "r ( application until he has qualifi$ himself = mak+ x1 by becom+ an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice4 ,b1 if ! application is grant$1 x is ex gratia1 or1 by ! fav\r ( ! lodge1 :i* may )hold x1 if x pleases4 ,if su* 7 n ! case1 ! lodge w\ld possess no free w on ! subject ( advanc+ c&idates2 & ! rule requir+ a probation & an exam9ation1 be=e pass+1 w\ld be useless & absurd--because1 ! neglect ( improvem5t or ! want ( compet5cy w\ld be att5d$ ) no p5alty4 ,x seems to me1 !n1 t1 :5 an ,appr5tice applies = 8 second degree1 ! lodge may1 if x ?9ks prop]1 refuse to grant x2 & t x may express t refusal by a ballot4 ,no trial is necess>y1 because no rights ( ! c&idate are affect$4 ,he is1 by a rejection ( 8 reque/1 left 9 ! same position t he =m]ly occupi$4 ,he is /ill an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 9 good /&+2 & ! lodge may1 at any "t x ?9ks prop]1 rev]se its decision & proce$ to pass him4 ,if1 h[ev]1 he is specifically *>g$ ) any (f5se aga9/ ! laws ( ,masonry1 x w\ld !n be necess>y to give him a trial4 ,witnesses %\ld be he>d1 bo? = & aga9/ him1 & he %\ld be p]mitt$ to make 8 def5se4 ,! op9ion ( ! lodge %\ld be tak51 z 9 all o!r cases ( trial1 &1 accord+ to ! v]dict1 he %\ld be susp5d$1 expell$1 or o!rwise puni%$4 ,! effect ( ^! two me?ods ( proce$+ is v diff]5t4 ,:51 by a ballot1 ! lodge refuses to advance an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 !re is n1 necess>ily1 any /igma on 8 moral "*4 ,x may be1 t ! refusal is bas$ on ! gr\nd t he has n made suffici5t pr(ici5cy to entitle him to pass4 ,consequ5tly1 8 /&+ z an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice is n at all affect$4 ,8 rights rema9 ! same4 ,he may /ill sit 9 ! lodge :5 x is op5$ 9 8 degree2 he may /ill receive in/ructions 9 t degree2 conv]se ) ,masons on masonic subjects :i* are n beyond 8 /&+2 & aga9 apply to ! lodge = p]mission to pass z a ,fell[ ,craft4 ,b1 if he be tri$ on a specific *>ge1 & be susp5d$ or expell$1 8 moral "* is affect$4 ,8 masonic rights are =feit$2 & he c no long] be consid]$ z an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice 9 good /&+4 ,he w n be p]mitt$ to sit 9 8 lodge1 to receive masonic in/ruction1 or to conv]se ) ,masons on masonic subjects2 nor c he aga9 apply = advancem5t until ! susp5sion or expulsion is remov$ by ! spontane\s action ( ! lodge4 ,^! two proce$+s "w diff]5tly 9 ano!r respect4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge w n int]f]e ) a subord9ate lodge 9 compell+ x to pass an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice2 because e lodge is suppos$ to be compet5t to f9i%1 9 its own "t1 & its own way1 ! "w t x has begun4 ,b1 z ! old regulations1 z well z ! g5]al cons5t ( ! craft1 admit t ! ,gr& ,lodge alone c expel f ! rights & privileges ( ,masonry1 & t an expulsion by a subord9ate lodge is inop]ative until x is confirm$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge1 x foll[s t ! expulsion ( ! ,appr5tice mu/ be confirm$ by t body2 & t1 !re=e1 he has a "r to appeal to x = a rev]sal ( ! s5t5ce1 if x 0 unju/ly pron\nc$4 ,let x n be said t ?is w\ld be plac+ an ,appr5tice on too great an equality ) ,ma/] ,masons4 ,8 rights are de> to him2 he has paid = !m4 ,no man w\ld become an ,appr5tice unless he expect$1 9 "t1 to be made a ,fell[ ,craft1 & !n a ,ma/]4 ,he is1 !re=e1 morally & legally wrong$ :5 he is depriv$1 )\t suffici5t cause1 ( ! capacity ( fulfill+ t expectation4 ,x is ! duty ( ! ,gr& ,lodge to see t n ev5 ! humble/ memb] ( ! craft %all h 8 rights unju/ly invad$2 & x is !re=e b\nd1 z ! cons]vator ( ! rights ( all1 to inquire into ! tru?1 & adm9i/] equity4 ,:5ev]1 !re=e1 ev5 an ,ent]$ ,appr5tice compla9s t he has met ) inju/ice & oppression1 8 compla9t %\ld be inve/igat$ & ju/ice adm9i/]$4 ,! "q next occurs--,:at numb] ( black balls %\ld prev5t an ,appr5tice f pass+ to ! second degree8 ,i answ]1 ! same numb] t w\ld reject ! application ( a pr(ane = initiation into ! ,ord]4 ,& :y %\ld ?is n be s8 ,are ! qualifications :i* w\ld be requir$ ( "o apply+1 = ! fir/ "t1 = admission to ! degree ( an ,appr5tice m ?an w\ld subsequ5tly be requir$ ( ! same p]son on 8 apply+ = a great] favor & a high] honor--t ( be+ advanc$ to ! second degree8 ,or d ! requisitions1 :i* exi/ 9 ! e>li] /ages ( ,masonry1 become less & less ) e /ep ( ! aspirant's progress8 ,view+ ! "q 9 ?is light--&1 inde$1 ,i "k ( no o!r 9 :i* to view x--x seems to me to be p]fectly evid5t t ! peculi> con/itution & pr9ciples ( our ,ord] w require unanimity 9 ! election ( a pr(ane = initiation1 ( an ,appr5tice = a ,fell[ ,craft1 & ( a ,fell[ ,craft = a ,ma/] ,mason2 & t1 :ile no ,ent]$ ,appr5tice c be expell$ f ! ,ord]1 except by due c\rse ( trial1 x is compet5t = ! lodge1 at any "t1 on a ballot1 to refuse to advance him to ! second degree4 ,b1 let x be rememb]$ t ! lodge :i* refuses to pass an ,appr5tice1 on acc\nt ( any objections to 8 moral "*1 or d\bts ( 8 wor?9ess1 is b\nd to give him ! advantage ( a trial1 & at once to expel him1 if guilty1 or1 if innoc5t1 to advance him :5 o!rwise qualifi$4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,( ! ,rights ( ,fell[ ,crafts4 ,9 anci5t times !re 7 und\bt$ly _m rights atta*$ to ! second degree :i* h n[ become obsolete or be5 repeal$2 = =m]ly ! great body ( ! frat]nity 7 ,fell[ ,crafts1 & accord+ to ! old *>ges1 ev5 ! ,gr& ,ma/] might be elect$ f among !m4 ,! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s ( ,subord9ate ,lodges always 74 ,?us we are told t no ,bro!r c be ,gr& ,ma/]1 unless he has be5 a ,fell[ ,craft be=e 8 election1 & 9 ! anci5t mann] ( con/itut+ a lodge1 conta9$ 9 ! ,book ( ,con/itutions1#gh x is said t ! c&idates1 or ! new ,ma/] & ,w>d5s1 be+ yet among ! ,fell[ ,crafts1 ! ,gr& ,ma/] %all ask 8 ,deputy if he has exam9$ !m1 etc4 ,b n[ t ! great body ( ! ,frat]nity consi/s ( ,ma/] ,masons1 ! pr]ogatives ( ,fell[ ,crafts are circumscrib$ )9 limits ne>ly z n>r[ z ^? ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 ,appr5tices are n p]mitt$ to speak or vote1 9 anci5t times1 & up1 inde$1 to a v late date4 ,fell[ ,crafts 7 entitl$ to take a "p 9 any discussion 9 :i* ! lodge1 :ile op5 9 ! fir/ or second degree1 might engage1 b n to vote4 ,?is privilege is expressly /at$ by ,pre/on1 z app]ta9+ to a ,fell[ ,craft1 9 8 *>ge to a c&idate1 receiv+ t degree4 ,z a ,craftsman1 9 our private assemblies y may (f] y\r s5tim5ts & op9ions on su* subjects z are regul>ly introduc$ 9 ! ,lecture1 "u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( an exp]i5c$ ,ma/]1 :o w gu>d ! l&m>k aga9/ encroa*m5t4#gi ,?is privilege is n n[1 h[ev]1 grant$ 9 ?is c\ntry to ,fell[ ,crafts4 ,all1 !re=e1 t has be5 said 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 ( ! rights ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices1 w equally apply1 mutatis mut&is1 to ! rights ( ,fell[ ,crafts4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,( ! ,rights ( ,ma/] ,masons4 ,:5 a ,mason has rea*$ ! ?ird degree1 he becomes entitl$ to all ! rights & privileges ( ,anci5t ,craft ,masonry4 ,^! rights are ext5sive & complicat$2 &1 l 8 duties1 :i* are equally z ext5sive1 require a c>eful exam9ation1 ?or\ghly to compreh5d !m4 ,f\r ( !m1 at lea/1 are ( s mu* importance z to dem& a di/9ct consid]ation4 ,^! are ! rights ( memb]%ip1 ( visitation1 ( relief1 & ( burial4 ,to ea* ,i %all devote a sep>ate section4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,"r ( ,memb]%ip4 ,! :ole _s & t5or ( ! ,g5]al ,regulations1 z well z ! uni=m usage ( ! craft1 su/a9 ! doctr9e1 t :5 a ,mason is initiat$ 9 a lodge1 he has ! "r1 by sign+ ! bye-laws1 to become a memb] )\t ! necessity ( submitt+ to ano!r ballot4 ,9 ! ,con/itutions ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,new ,york1 ?is pr9ciple is ass]t$ to be "o ( ! anci5t l&m>ks1 & is ann\nc$ 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,initiation makes a man a ,mason2 b he mu/ receive ! ,ma/]'s degree1 & sign ! bye-laws be=e he becomes a memb] ( ! lodge4#hj ,if ! doctr9e be n exactly a l&m>k 7:i* ,i confess ,i am n q prep>$ to admit71 x comes to u almo/ clo!d ) ! au?ority ( "o1 f ! sanction ( univ]sal & un9t]rupt$ usage4 ,h[ long be=e he loses ?is "r by a non-us]1 or neglect to avail himself ( x1 is1 ,i presume1 a "q to be settl$ by local au?ority4 ,a lodge1 or a ,gr& ,lodge1 may affix ! p]iod accord+ to its discretion2 b ! g5]al cu/om is1 to require a signature ( ! bye-laws1 & a consequ5t enrollm5t 9 ! lodge1 )9 ?ree mon?s aft] receiv+ ! ?ird degree4 ,%\ld a ,mason neglect to avail himself ( 8 privilege1 he =feits x 7unless1 ^u suffici5t cause1 he is excus$ by ! lodge71 & mu/ submit to a ballot4 ,! reason = su* a law is evid5t4 ,if a ,mason does n at once unite himself ) ! lodge 9 :i* he 0 rais$1 b p]mits an ext5d$ p]iod ( "t to elapse1 !re is no c]ta9ty t 8 "* or habits may n h *ang$1 & t he may n h become1 s9ce 8 initiation1 unwor?y ( affiliation4 ,"u ! g5]al law1 x is1 !re=e1 necess>y t he %\ld 9 su* case submit to ! usual probation ( "o mon?1 & an inve/igation ( 8 qualifications by a committee1 z well z a ballot by ! memb]s4 ,b !re are o!r privileges also connect$ ) ?is "r ( memb]%ip4 ,a pr(ane is requir$ to apply = initiation to ! lodge ne>e/ 8 place ( resid5ce1 &1 if !re reject$1 c nev] 9 future apply to any o!r lodge4 ,b ! rule is diff]5t ) respect to ! application ( a ,ma/] ,mason = memb]%ip4 ,a ,ma/] ,mason is n re/rict$ 9 8 privilege ( application = memb]%ip )9 any geographical limits4 ,all t is requir$ ( him is1 t he %\ld be an affiliat$ ,mason2 t is1 t he %\ld be a contribut+ memb] ( a lodge1 )\t any ref]5ce to its peculi> locality1 :e!r ne> to or di/ant f 8 place ( resid5ce4 ,! ,old ,*>ges simply prescribe1 t e ,mason ought to belong to a lodge4 ,a ,mason1 !re=e1 /rictly complies ) ?is regulation1 :5 he unites himself ) any lodge1 ?us contribut+ to ! support ( ! in/itution1 & is !n entitl$ to all ! privileges ( an affiliat$ ,mason4 ,a rejection ( ! application ( a ,ma/] ,mason = memb]%ip by a lodge does n deprive him ( ! "r ( apply+ to ano!r4 ,a ,mason is 9 good /&+ until depriv$ ( t "* by ! action ( "s compet5t masonic au?ority2 & t action c only be by susp5sion or expulsion4 ,rejection does n1 !re=e1 affect ! good /&+ ( ! applicant2 = 9 a rejection !re is no legal =m ( trial1 & consequ5tly ! reject$ ,bro!r rema9s 9 ! same position aft] z be=e 8 rejection4 ,he possesses ! same rights z be=e1 unimpair$ & undim9i%$2 & among ^! rights is t ( apply+ = memb]%ip to any lodge t he may select4 ,if1 !n1 a ,mason may be a memb] ( a lodge di/ant f 8 place ( resid5ce1 &1 p]haps1 ev5 situat$ 9 a diff]5t jurisdiction1 ! "q !n arises :e!r ! lodge )9 ^: prec9cts he resides1 b ( :i* he is n a memb]1 c ex]cise its discipl9e ov] him %\ld he commit any (f5se requir+ masonic puni%m5t4 ,on ?is subject !re is1 among masonic writ]s1 a diff]5ce ( op9ion4 ,i1 h[ev]1 agree ) ,bro!r ,pike1 ! able ,*airman ( ! ,committee ( ,correspond5ce ( ,arkansas1 t ! lodge c ex]cise su* discipl9e4 ,i cont5d t a ,mason is am5able = 8 conduct n only to ! lodge ( :i* he may be a memb]1 b also to any "o )9 ^: jurisdiction he p]man5tly resides4 ,a lodge is ! cons]vator ( ! purity & ! protector ( ! integrity ( ! ,ord] )9 its prec9cts4 ,! unwor?y conduct ( a ,mason1 liv+ z x 7 imm$iately "u its gov]nm5t1 is calculat$ mo/ injuri\sly to affect t purity & integrity4 ,a lodge1 !re=e1 %\ld n be depriv$ ( ! p[] ( co]c+ su* unwor?y ,mason1 &1 by salut>y puni%m5t1 ( v9dicat+ ! "* ( ! in/itution4 ,let u suppose1 by way ( example1 t a ,mason liv+ 9 ,san ,francisco1 ,cali=nia1 b reta9+ 8 memb]%ip 9 ,new ,york1 behaves 9 su* an immoral & indecor\s mann] z to br+ ! greate/ discr$it ^u ! ,ord]1 & to mat]ially injure x 9 ! e/imation ( ! un9itiat$ community4 ,w x be1 = a mom5t1 cont5d$ t a lodge 9 ,san ,francisco _c arre/ ! evil by br++ ! unwor?y ,mason "u discipl9e1 & ev5 eject+ him f ! frat]nity1 if sev]ity l t is necess>y = ! protection ( ! in/itution8 ,or w x be cont5d$ t r$ress c only be s\ght ?r\gh ! delay & unc]ta9ty ( an appeal to 8 lodge 9 ,new ,york8 ,ev5 if ! words ( ! anci5t laws are sil5t on ?is subject1 reason & ju/ice w\ld seem to ma9ta9 ! propriety & exp$i5cy ( ! doctr9e t ! lodge at ,san ,francisco is amply compet5t to ext5d its jurisdiction & ex]cise its discipl9e ov] ! culprit4 ,9 respect to ! numb] ( votes necess>y to admit a ,ma/] ,mason apply+ by petition = memb]%ip 9 a lodge1 !re c be no d\bt t he mu/ submit to precisely ! same conditions z ^? prescrib$ to a pr(ane on 8 petition = initiation4 ,!re is no room = argum5t "h1 = ! ,g5]al ,regulations are express on ?is subject4 ,no man c be made or admitt$ a memb] ( a p>ticul> lodge1 says ! fif? regulation1 )\t previ\s notice "o mon? be=e giv5 to ! said lodge4 ,& ! six? regulation adds1 t no man c be ent]$ a ,bro!r 9 any p>ticul> lodge1 or admitt$ to be a memb] !re(1 )\t ! unanim\s cons5t ( all ! memb]s ( t lodge !n pres5t4 ,s t x may be consid]$ z settl$ law1 s f> z ! ,g5]al ,regulations c settle a law ( ,masonry1 t a ,ma/] ,mason c only be admitt$ a memb] ( a lodge :5 apply+ by petition1 aft] a mon?'s probation1 aft] due inquiry into 8 "*1 & aft] a unanim\s ballot 9 8 favor4 ,b !re are o!r rights ( ,ma/] ,masons consequ5t ^u memb]%ip1 :i* rema9 to be consid]$4 ,9 unit+ ) a lodge1 a ,ma/] ,mason becomes a p>ticipant ( all its int]e/s1 & is entitl$ to speak & vote ^u all subjects t come be=e ! lodge = inve/igation4 ,he is also entitl$1 if duly elect$ by 8 fell[s1 to hold any (fice 9 ! lodge1 except t ( ,ma/]1 = :i* he mu/ be qualifi$ by previ\sly hav+ occupi$ ! po/ ( a ,w>d54 ,a ,ma/] has ! "r 9 all cases ( an appeal f ! decision ( ! ,ma/] or ( ! lodge4 ,a ,ma/] ,mason1 9 good /&+1 has a "r at any "t to dem& f 8 lodge a c]tificate to t effect4 ,:atev] o!r rights may app]ta9 to ,ma/] ,masons w be ! subjects ( sep>ate sections4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,"r ( ,visit4 ,e ,ma/] ,mason1 :o is an affiliat$ memb] ( a lodge1 has ! "r to visit any o!r lodge z (t5 z he may desire to d s4 ,?is "r is secur$ to him by ! anci5t regulations1 & is1 !re=e1 irrev]sible4 ,9 ! ,anci5t ,*>ges at ! ,con/itution ( a ,lodge1 =m]ly conta9$ 9 a ,,ms4 ( ! ,lodge ( ,antiquity 9 ,london1 & ^: date is n lat] ?an #afhh1ha;x is direct$ t e ,mason receive & *]i% /range fell[s :5 !y come ov] ! c\ntry1 & set !m on "w1 if !y w "w z ! mann] is2 t is to say1 if ! ,mason h any m\ld /one 9 8 place1 he %all give him a m\ld /one1 & set him on "w2 & if he h none1 ! ,mason %all refre% him ) money unto ! next lodge4 ,?is regulation is explicit4 ,x n only inf]s ! "r ( visit1 b x decl>es t ! /range ,bro!r %all be welcom$1 receiv$1 & *]i%$1 & set on "w1 t is1 p]mitt$ to p>ticipate 9 ! "w ( y\r lodge4 ,its provisions are equally applicable to ,bre?r5 resid+ 9 ! place :]e ! lodge is situat$ z to transi5t ,bre?r51 provid$ t !y are affiliat$ ,masons4 ,9 ! ye> #ahai1 ! law 0 9 ,engl& au?oritatively settl$ by a decree ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,a compla9t _h be5 pref]r$ aga9/ a lodge 9 ,london1 = hav+ refus$ admission to "s ,bre?r5 :o 7 well kn[n to !m1 alleg+ t z ! lodge 0 ab\t to initiate a c&idate1 no visitor c\ld be admitt$ until t c]emony 0 conclud$4 ,x 0 !n decl>$1 t x is ! und\bt$ "r ( e ,mason :o is well kn[n1 or prop]ly v\*$1 to visit any lodge dur+ ! "t x is op5$ = g5]al masonic bus9ess1 obs]v+ ! prop] =ms to be att5d$ to on su* occasions1 & s t ! ,ma/] may n be int]rupt$ 9 ! p]=mance ( 8 duty4#hb ,a lodge1 :5 n op5$ = g5]al masonic bus9ess1 b :5 engag$ 9 ! consid]ation ( matt]s :i* int]e/ ! lodge alone1 & :i* x w\ld be inexp$i5t or indelicate to make public1 may refuse to admit a visitor4 ,lodges engag$ 9 ?is way1 9 private bus9ess1 f :i* visitors are exclud$1 are said by ! ,fr5* ,masons to be op5$ en famille4 ,to entitle him to ?is "r ( visit1 a ,mason mu/ be affiliat$1 t is1 he mu/ be a contribut+ memb] ( "s lodge4 ,?is doctr9e is ?us laid d[n 9 ! ,con/itutions ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&3 ,a ,bro!r :o is n a subscrib+ memb] to "s lodge1 %all n be p]mitt$ to visit any "o lodge 9 ! t[n or place 9 :i* he resides1 m ?an once dur+ 8 secession f ! craft4 ,a non-subscrib+ or unaffiliat$ ,mason is p]mitt$ to visit ea* lodge once1 & once only1 because x is suppos$ t ?is visit is made = ! purpose ( enabl+ him to make a selection ( ! "o ) :i* he may pref] p]man5tly to unite4 ,b1 aft]w>ds1 he loses ?is "r ( visit1 to disc\nt5ance ^? ,bre?r5 :o wi% to cont9ue memb]s ( ! ,ord]1 & to p>take ( its pleasures & advantages1 )\t contribut+ to its support4 ,a ,ma/] ,mason is n entitl$ to visit a lodge1 unless he previ\sly submits to an exam9ation1 or is p]sonally v\*$ = by a compet5t ,bro!r pres5t2 b ?is is a subject ( s mu* importance z to claim consid]ation 9 a di/9ct section4 ,ano!r regulation is1 t a /range ,bro!r %all furni% ! lodge he int5ds to visit ) a c]tificate ( 8 good /&+ 9 ! lodge f :i* he la/ hail$4 ,?is regulation has1 9 late ye>s1 giv5 rise to mu* discussion4 ,_m ( ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ?is c\ntry1 & sev]al masonic writ]s1 /r5u\sly cont5d = its antiquity & necessity1 :ile o!rs z positively ass]t t x is a mod]n innovation ^u anci5t usage4 ,!re c1 h[ev]1 ,i ?9k1 be no d\bt ( ! antiquity ( c]tificates4 ,t ! sy/em requir+ !m 0 9 =ce ne>ly two hundr$ ye>s ago1 at lea/1 w be evid5t f ! ?ird ( ! ,regulations made 9 ,g5]al ,assembly1 ,decemb] #bg1 #affc1 "u ! ,gr& ,ma/]%ip ( ! ,e>l ( ,/4 ,albans1#hc & :i* is 9 ! foll[+ words3 #c4 ,t no p]son h]eaft] :o %all be accept$ a ,freemason1 %all be admitt$ into any lodge or assembly1 until he has br\ght a c]tificate ( ! "t & place ( 8 acceptation1 f ! lodge t accept$ him1 unto ! ,ma/] ( t limit or division :]e su* a lodge is kept4 ,?is regulation has be5 reit]at$ on sev]al occasions1 by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& 9 #aggb1 & at subsequ5t p]iods by sev]al ,gr& ,lodges ( ?is & o!r c\ntries4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 9 =ce 9 _m ( ! ,am]ican jurisdictions4 ,ano!r "r connect$ ) ! "r ( visitation is1 t ( dem&+ a sight ( ! ,w>rant ( ,con/itution4 ,?is in/rum5t x is1 inde$1 n only ! "r b ! duty ( e /range visitor c>efully to inspect1 be=e he ent]s a lodge1 t he may ?us satisfy himself ( ! legality & regul>ity ( its "* & au?ority4 ,on su* a dem& be+ made by a visitor = a sight ( its ,w>rant1 e lodge is b\nd to comply ) ! requisition1 & produce ! in/rum5t4 ,! same rule1 ( c\rse1 applies to lodges "u disp5sation1 ^: ,w>rant ( ,disp5sation supplies ! place ( a ,w>rant ( ,con/itution4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ! ,exam9ation ( ,visitors4 ,x has already be5 /at$1 9 ! prec$+ section1 t a ,ma/] ,mason is n p]mitt$ to visit a lodge unless he previ\sly submits to an exam9ation1 or is p]sonally v\*$ = by "s compet5t ,bro!r pres5t4 ,! pr]ogative ( v\*+ = a ,bro!r is an important "o1 & w con/itute ! subject ( ! succe$+ section4 ,at pres5t let u conf9e ourselves to ! consid]ation ( ! mode ( exam9+ a visitor4 ,e visitor1 :o (f]s himself to ! appo9t$ committee ( ! lodge = exam9ation1 is expect$1 z a prelim9>y /ep1 to submit to ! ,til]'s ,obligation2 s call$1 because x is adm9i/]$ 9 ! ,til]'s room4 ,z ?is obligation =ms no "p ( ! secret ritual ( ! ,ord]1 b is adm9i/]$ to e p]son be=e any lawful k ( 8 be+ a ,mason has be5 receiv$1 !re c be no?+ objectionable 9 ins]t+ x "h1 & 9 fact1 x w be advantage\s to h ! precise words ( s important a decl>ation plac$ beyond ! possibility ( *ange or omission by inexp]i5c$ ,bre?r54 ,! oa?1 !n1 :i* is adm9i/]$ to ! visitor1 & :i* he may1 if he *ooses1 require e "o pres5t to take ) him1 is 9 ! foll[+ words ,i1 ,a4 ,b41 d h]eby & h]eon solemnly & s9c]ely swe>1 t ,i h be5 regul>ly initiat$1 pass$1 & rais$1 to ! sublime degree ( a ,ma/] ,mason1 9 a j & legally con/itut$ lodge ( su*1 t ,i d n n[ /& susp5d$ or expell$1 & "k ( no reason :y ,i %\ld n hold masonic communication ) my ,bre?r54 ,?is decl>ation hav+ be5 giv5 9 ! mo/ solemn mann]1 ! exam9ation mu/ !n be conduct$ ) ! necess>y =ms4 ,! good old rule ( comm5c+ at ! beg9n+ %\ld be obs]v$4 ,e "q is to be ask$ & e answ] dem&$ :i* is necess>y to conv9ce ! exam9] t ! p>ty exam9$ is acqua9t$ ) :at he ought to "k1 to entitle him to ! appellation ( a ,bro!r4 ,no?+ is to be tak5 = grant$--categorical answ]s mu/ be requir$ to all t x is deem$ important to be ask$4 ,no =getfulness is to be excus$1 nor is ! want ( memory to be accept$ z a valid excuse = ! want ( k4 ,! ,mason1 :o is s unm9dful ( 8 duties z to h =gott5 ! in/ructions he has receiv$1 mu/ pay ! p5alty ( 8 c>elessness1 & be depriv$ ( 8 contemplat$ visit to t society ^: secret modes ( recognition he has s little valu$ z n to h treasur$ !m 9 8 memory4 ,:ile !re are "s ?+s :i* may be safely pass$ ov] 9 ! exam9ation ( "o :o confesses himself to be ru/y1 or b rec5tly initiat$1 because !y are details :i* require mu* /udy to acquire1 & con/ant practice to reta91 !re are /ill o!r ?+s ( great importance :i* mu/ be rigidly dem&$1 & ) ! k ( :i* ! exam9] _c1 "u any circum/ances1 disp5se4 ,%\ld suspicions ( impo/ure arise1 let no expression ( ^! suspicions be made until ! f9al decree = rejection is pron\nc$4 ,& let t decree be utt]$ 9 g5]al t]ms1 su* z3 ,i am n satisfi$1 or1 ,i d n recognize y1 & n 9 m specific t]ms1 su* z1 ,y did n answ] ?is inquiry1 or1 ,y are ignorant on t po9t4 ,! visitor is only entitl$ to "k1 g5]ally1 t he has n compli$ ) ! requisitions ( 8 exam9]4 ,to desc5d to p>ticul>s is always improp] & (t5 dang]\s4 ,above all1 ! exam9] %\ld nev] ask :at are call$ lead+ que/ions1 or su* z include 9 !mselves an indication ( :at ! answ] is to be2 nor %\ld he 9 any mann] aid ! memory ( ! p>ty exam9$ by ! slighte/ h9t4 ,if he has x 9 him1 x w come out )\t assi/ance1 & if he has x n1 he is cle>ly entitl$ to no aid4 ,la/ly1 nev] %\ld an unju/ifiable delicacy weak5 ! rigor ( ^! rules4 ,let x be rememb]$1 t = ! wise/ & mo/ evid5t reasons1 ! m]ciful maxim ( ! law1 :i* says1 t x is bett] t n9ety-n9e guilty m5 %\ld escape ?an t "o innoc5t man %\ld be puni%$1 is ) u rev]s$1 & t 9 ,masonry x is bett] t n9ety & n9e true m5 %\ld be turn$ away f ! door ( a lodge ?an t "o c[an %\ld be admitt$4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ,v\*+ = a ,bro!r4 ,an exam9ation may sometimes be omitt$ :5 any compet5t ,bro!r pres5t w v\* = ! visitor's masonic /&+ & qualifications4 ,?is pr]ogative ( v\*+ is an important "o :i* e ,ma/] ,mason is entitl$1 "u c]ta9 re/rictions1 to ex]cise2 b x is also "o :i* may s mat]ially affect ! well-be+ ( ! :ole frat]nity--s9ce by its injudici\s use impo/ors might be introduc$ among ! fai?ful--t x %\ld be controll$ by ! mo/ /r+5t regulations4 ,to v\* = "o1 is to be> witness = him2 &1 9 witness+ to tru?1 e caution %\ld be obs]v$1 le/ falsehood %\ld cunn+ly assume its g>b4 ,! ,bro!r :o v\*es %\ld1 !re=e1 "k to a c]ta9ty t ! "o = :om he v\*es is really :at he claims to be4 ,he %\ld "k ?is n f a casual conv]sation1 nor a loose & c>eless inquiry1 b1 z ! unwritt5 law ( ! ,ord] expresses x1 f /rict trial1 due exam9ation1 or lawful in=mation4 ,( /rict trial & due exam9ation ,i h already treat$ 9 ! prec$+ section2 & x only rema9s to say1 t :5 ! v\*+ is f\nd$ on ! k obta9$ 9 ?is way1 x is absolutely necess>y t ! ,bro!r s v\*+ %all be compet5t to conduct su* an exam9ation1 & t 8 g5]al intellig5ce & %rewdness & 8 k ( ,masonry %all be su* z to place him above ! probability ( be+ impos$ ^u4 ,! important & indisp5sable qualification ( a v\*] is1 !re=e1 t he %all be compet5t4 ,! ,ma/] ( a lodge has no "r to accept1 )\t fur!r inquiry1 ! av\*m5t ( a "y & inexp]i5c$1 or ev5 ( an old1 if ignorant1 ,mason4 ,lawful in=mation1 :i* is ! rema9+ gr\nd = an av\*m5t1 may be d]iv$ ei!r f ! decl>ation ( ano!r ,bro!r1 or f hav+ met ! p>ty v\*$ = 9 a lodge on "s previ\s occasion4 ,if ! in=mation is d]iv$ f ano!r ,bro!r1 :o /ates t he has exam9$ ! p>ty1 !n all t has already be5 said ( ! compet5cy ( ! "o giv+ ! in=mation is equally applicable4 ,! ,bro!r1 giv+ ! orig9al in=mation1 mu/ be compet5t to make a rigid exam9ation4 ,aga91 ! p]son giv+ ! in=mation1 ! "o receiv+ x1 & ! "o ( :om x is giv51 %\ld be all pres5t at ! "t2 = o!rwise !re w\ld be no c]ta9ty ( id5tity4 ,in=mation1 !re=e1 giv5 by lett] or ?r\gh a ?ird p>ty1 is highly irregul>4 ,! in=mation mu/ also be positive1 n f\nd$ on belief or op9ion1 b d]iv$ f a legitimate s\rce4 ,&1 la/ly1 x mu/ n h be5 receiv$ casually1 b = ! v purpose ( be+ us$ = masonic purposes4 ,= "o to say to ano!r 9 ! c\rse ( a desultory conv]sation3 ,a4,b4 is a ,mason1 is n suffici5t4 ,he may n be speak+ ) due caution1 "u ! expectation t 8 words w be consid]$ ( weight4 ,he mu/ say some?+ to ?is effect3 ,i "k ?is man to be a ,ma/] ,mason1 = su* or su* reasons1 & y may safely recognize him z su*4 ,?is alone w insure ! necess>y c>e & prop] obs]vance ( prud5ce4 ,if ! in=mation giv5 is on ! gr\nd t ! p]son1 v\*$ has be5 se5 sitt+ 9 a lodge by ! v\*]1 c>e mu/ be tak5 to inquire if x 0 a ,lodge ( ,ma/] ,masons4 ,a p]son may =get1 f ! lapse ( "t1 & v\* = a /rang] z a ,ma/] ,mason1 :5 ! lodge 9 :i* he saw him 0 only op5$ 9 ! fir/ or second degree4 ,section ,v4 ,( ! ,"r ( ,claim+ ,relief4 ,"o ( ! great objects ( our in/itution is1 to af=d relief to a wor?y1 di/ress$ ,bro!r4 ,9 8 want & de/itution1 ! claim ( a ,mason ^u 8 ,bre?r5 is mu* great] ?an t ( a pr(ane4 ,?is is a ,*ri/ian z well z a masonic doctr9e4 ,z we h !re=e opportunity1 says ,/4 ,paul1 let u d good unto all m51 especially unto !m :o are ( ! h\sehold ( fai?4 ,?is claim = relief he may pres5t ei!r to a lodge or to a ,bro!r ,mason4 ,! rule1 z well z ! pr9ciples by :i* x is to be regulat$1 is laid d[n 9 t fundam5tal law ( ,masonry1 ! ,old ,*>ges1 9 ! foll[+ explicit words1 "u ! head ( ,behavior t[>ds a /range ,bro!r3 ,y are cauti\sly to exam9e him1 9 su* a me?od z prud5ce %all direct y1 t y may n be impos$ ^u by an ignorant1 false pret5d]1 :om y are to reject ) contempt & d]ision1 & bew>e ( giv+ him any h9ts ( k4 ,b if y discov] him to be a true & g5u9e ,bro!r1 y are to respect him accord+ly2 & if he is 9 want1 y mu/ relieve him if y c1 or else direct him h[ he may be reliev$4 ,y mu/ employ him "s days1 or else recomm5d him to be employ$4 ,b y are n *>g$ to d beyond y\r ability1 only to pref] a poor ,bro!r1 t is a good man & true1 be=e any o!r p 9 ! same circum/ances4 ,?is law ?us laid d[n1 includes1 x w be p]ceiv$1 z two important pr]equisites1 on :i* to f\nd a claim = relief1 t ! p]son apply+ %all be 9 di/ress1 & t he %all be wor?y ( assi/ance4 ,he mu/ be 9 di/ress4 ,ours is n an insurance company1 a jo9t /ock association1 9 :i*1 = a c]ta9 premium paid1 an equival5t may be dem&$4 ,no ,mason1 or no lodge1 is b\nd to give pecuni>y or o!r aid to a ,bro!r1 unless he really ne$s4 ,! ^w b5efit1 z usually us$ 9 ! mod]n fri5dly societies1 has no place 9 ! vocabul>y ( ,freemasonry4 ,if a weal?y ,bro!r is afflict$ ) sorr[ or sickness1 we are to /rive to com=t him ) our sympa?y1 our k9dness1 & our att5tion1 b we are to be/[ our eleemosyn>y aid only on ! indig5t or ! de/itute4 ,he mu/ also be wor?y4 ,!re is no obligation on a ,mason to relieve ! di/resses1 h[ev] real !y may be1 ( an unwor?y ,bro!r4 ,! claimant mu/ be1 9 ! language ( ! ,*>ge1 true & g5u9e4 ,true "h is us$ 9 its good old ,saxon mean+1 ( fai?ful or tru/y4 ,a true ,mason is "o :o is m9dful ( 8 obligations1 & :o fai?fully obs]ves & practices all 8 duties4 ,su* a man1 alone1 c rightfully claim ! assi/ance ( 8 ,bre?r54 ,b a ?ird provision is made 9 ! fundam5tal law2 namely1 t ! assi/ance is n to be beyond ! ability ( ! giv]4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important l&m>ks1 conta9$ 9 our unwritt5 law1 m def9itely ann\nces ?is provision1 by ! words1 t ! aid & assi/ance %all be )\t injury to oneself or 8 family4 ,masonry does n require t we %all sacrifice our own welf>e to t ( a ,bro!r2 b t ) prud5t lib]ality1 & a j reg>d to our own worldly means1 we %all give ( ! means ) :i* ,provid5ce may h bless$ u = ! relief ( our di/ress$ ,bre?r54 ,x is h>dly necess>y to say1 t ! claim = relief ( a wor?y di/ress$ ,mason ext5ds also to 8 imm$iate family4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ! ,"r ( ,masonic ,burial4 ,aft] a v c>eful exam9ation1 ,i c f9d no?+ 9 ! old *>ges or ,g5]al ,regulations1 nor 9 any o!r "p ( ! fundam5tal law1 9 relation to masonic burial ( deceas$ ,bre?r54 ,x is probable t1 at an e>ly p]iod1 :5 ! great body ( ! craft consi/$ ( ,ent]$ ,appr5tices1 ! usage p]mitt$ ! burial ( memb]s1 ( ! fir/ or second degree1 ) ! honors ( ,masonry4 ,z f> back z #aged1 processions = ! purpose ( bury+ ,masons seem$ to h be5 conduct$ by "s ( ! lodges ) ei!r too mu* frequ5cy1 or "s o!r irregul>ity2 =1 9 ,novemb] ( t ye>1 ! ,gr& ,lodge adopt$ a regulation1 =bidd+ !m1 "u a heavy p5alty1 unless by p]mission ( ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 or 8 ,deputy4#hd ,z !re 71 comp>atively speak+1 few ,ma/] ,masons at t p]iod1 x seems a natural inf]5ce t mo/ ( ! fun]al processions 7 = ! burial ( ,appr5tices1 or1 at lea/1 ( ,fell[ ,crafts4 ,b ! usage s9ce !n1 has be5 greatly *ang$2 & by univ]sal cons5t1 ! law1 z fir/ committ$ to writ+1 by ,pre/on1 :o 0 ! au?or ( our pres5t fun]al s]vice1 is n[ adopt$4 ,! ,regulation1 z laid d[n by ,pre/on1 is s explicit1 t ,i pref] giv+ x 9 8 own words4#he ,no ,mason c be int]r$ ) ! =malities ( ! ,ord]1 unless x be at 8 own special reque/1 communicat$ to ! ,ma/] ( ! ,lodge ( :i* he di$ a memb]--=eign]s & soj\rn]s except$2 nor unless he has be5 advanc$ to ! ?ird degree ( ,masonry1 f :i* re/riction !re c be no exception4 ,fell[ ,crafts or ,appr5tices are n entitl$ to ! fun]al obsequies4 ,?is rule has be5 embodi$ 9 ! mod]n ,con/itutions ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&2 &1 z ,i h already obs]v$1 appe>s by univ]sal cons5t to h be5 adopt$ z ! g5]al usage4 ,! necessity = a disp5sation1 :i* is also requir$ by ! mod]n ,engli% ,con/itutions1 does n seem to h met ) ! same g5]al approval1 & 9 ?is c\ntry1 disp5sations = fun]al processions are n usually1 if at all1 requir$4 ,inde$1 ,pre/on himself1 9 expla9+ ! law1 says t x 0 n int5d$ to re/rict ! privileges ( ! regul> lodges1 b t1 by ! univ]sal practice ( ,masons1 e regul> lodge is au?oriz$ by ! ,con/itution to act on su* occasions :5 limit$ to its own memb]s4#hf ,x is only :5 memb]s ( o!r lodges1 n "u ! control ( ! ,ma/]1 are conv5$1 t a disp5sation is requir$4 ,b 9 ,am]ica1 ,gr& ,lodges or ,gr& ,ma/]s h n g5]ally int]f]$ ) ! rights ( ! lodges to bury ! dead2 ! ,ma/] be+ ( c\rse am5able to ! con/itut$ au?orities = any indecorum or impropriety4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,( ! ,rights ( ,pa/ ,ma/]s4 ,i h already discuss$ ! "r ( ,pa/ ,ma/]s to become memb]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge1 9 a prec$+ "p ( ?is "w1#hg & h !re arriv$ at ! conclusion t no su* inh]5t "r exi/s1 & t a ,gr& ,lodge may or may n admit !m to memb]%ip1 accord+ to its own notion ( exp$i5cy4 ,/ill ! fact1 t !y are compet5t by _! masonic rank ( accept+ su* a c\rtesy :5 ext5d$1 9 itself con/itutes a pr]ogative2 = none b ,ma/]s1 ,w>d5s1 or ,pa/ ,ma/]s1 c "u any circum/ances become memb]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,pa/ ,ma/]s possess a few o!r positive rights4 ,9 ! fir/ place !y h a "r to in/all _! successors1 & at all times subsequ5t to _! in/allation to be pres5t at ! c]emony ( in/all+ ,ma/]s ( lodges4 ,i %\ld sc>cely h deem$ x necess>y to dwell ^u s self-evid5t a proposition1 7 x n t x involves ! discussion ( a "q :i* has ( late ye>s be5 w>mly moot$ 9 "s jurisdictions1 namely1 :e!r ?is "r ( be+ pres5t at an in/allation %\ld1 or %\ld n1 be ext5d$ to ,pa/ ,ma/]s1 made 9 ,royal ,ar* ,*apt]s4 ,9 view ( ! fact1 t !re are two v diff]5t k9ds ( possessors ( ! same degree1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& has long s9ce di/+ui%$ !m z virtual & z actual ,pa/ ,ma/]s4 ,! t]ms are suffici5tly explicit1 & h ! advantage ( enabl+ u to avoid circumlocution1 & ,i %all1 !re=e1 adopt !m4 ,an actual ,pa/ ,ma/] is "o :o has be5 regul>ly in/all$ to preside ov] a symbolic lodge "u ! jurisdiction ( a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,a virtual ,pa/ ,ma/] is "o :o has receiv$ ! degree 9 a *apt]1 = ! purpose ( qualify+ him = exaltation to ! ,royal ,ar*4 ,n[ ! "q to be consid]$ is ?is4 ,c a virtual ,pa/ ,ma/] be p]mitt$ to be pres5t at ! in/allation ( an actual ,pa/ ,ma/]8 ,! ,committee ( ,correspond5ce ( ,new ,york1 9 #ahea1 ann\nc$ ! doctr9e1 t a ,*apt]1 or virtual ,pa/ ,ma/]1 _c legally in/all ! ,ma/] ( a ,symbolic ,lodge2 b t !re is no rule =bidd+ 8 be+ pres5t at ! c]emony4 ,?is doctr9e has be5 accept$ by sev]al ,gr& ,lodges1 :ile o!rs aga9 refuse to admit ! pres5ce ( a virtual ,pa/ ,ma/] at ! in/allation-s]vice4 ,9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 = in/ance1 by un9t]rupt$ usage1 virtual ,pa/ ,ma/]s are exclud$ f ! c]emony ( in/allation4 ,9 ,l\isiana1 "u ! high au?ority ( ! late ,bro!r ,g$ge1 x is ass]t$1 t x is ! b\nd5 duty ( all ,gr& ,lodges to prev5t ! possessors ( ! 7*apt]7 degree f ! ex]cise ( any function app]ta9+ to ! (fice & attributes ( an in/all$ ,ma/] ( a lodge ( ,symbolic ,masonry1 & refuse to recognize !m z belong+ to ! ord] ( ,pa/ ,ma/]s4#hh ,bro!r ,alb]t ,pike1 ^: op9ion on masonic jurisprud5ce is entitl$ to ! mo/ respectful consid]ation1 has ann\nc$ a simil> doctr9e 9 "o ( 8 elaborate reports to ! ,gr& ,*apt] ( ,arkansas4 ,he does n consid] t ! ,pa/ ,ma/]'s degree1 conf]r$ 9 a *apt]1 inve/s ! recipi5t ) any rank or au?ority1 except )9 ! *apt] itself2 t x no ways qualifies or au?orizes him to preside 9 ! *air ( a lodge3 t a lodge has no legal means ( kn[+ t he has receiv$ ! degree 9 a *apt]3 = x is n suppos$ to "k any?+ t takes place !re any m ?an x kn[s :at takes place 9 a ,lodge ( ,p]fection1 or a ,*apt] ( ,knights ( ! ,rose ,croix2 &1 ( c\rse1 if ! ,pa/ ,ma/]s ( a lodge h no su* legal means ( recognition ( ,*apt] ,ma/]s1 !y _c p]mit !m to be pres5t at an in/allation4 ,?is is1 9 fact1 no new doctr9e4 ,pre/on1 9 8 description ( ! in/allation c]emony1 says3 ,! new ,ma/] is !n conduct$ to an adjac5t room1 :]e he is regul>ly in/all$1 & b\nd to 8 tru/ 9 anci5t =m1 9 ! pres5ce ( at lea/ ?ree in/all$ ,ma/]s#hi ,& ,dr4 ,oliv]1 9 comm5t+ on ?is passage1 says1 ?is "p ( ! c]emony c only be orally communicat$1 nor c any b in/all$ ,ma/]s be pres5t4#ij ,& ?is rule appe>s to be f\nd$ on ! pr9ciples ( reason4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 if we c>efully exam9e ! hi/ory ( ,masonry 9 ?is c\ntry & 9 ,engl&1 t ! degree ( ,pa/ ,ma/] 0 orig9ally conf]r$ by ,symbolic ,lodges z an honor>ium or rew>d be/[$ ^u ^? ,bre?r5 :o _h be5 f\nd wor?y to occupy ! ,ori5tal ,*air4 ,9 s f> x 0 only a degree ( (fice1 & c\ld be obta9$ only f ! ,lodge 9 :i* ! (fice _h be5 conf]r$4 ,at a lat] p]iod x 0 deem$ an ess5tial pr]equisite to exaltation 9 ! degree ( ,royal ,ar*1 & 01 = t purpose1 conf]r$ on c&idates = t position1 :ile ! ,royal ,ar* degree 0 "u ! control ( ! symbolic ,lodges1 b /ill only conf]r$ by ! ,pa/ ,ma/]s ( ! ,lodge4 ,b subsequ5tly1 :5 ! sy/em ( ,royal ,ar* ,masonry 0 greatly enl>g$ & ext5d$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & *apt]s 7 organiz$ indep5d5t ( ! ,gr& & symbolic ,lodges1 ^! ,*apt]s took ) !m ! ,pa/ ,ma/]'s degree1 & assum$ ! "r ( conf]r+ x on _! c&idates4 ,h5ce arose ! anomaly :i* n[ exi/s 9 ,am]ican ,masonry1 ( two degrees be>+ ! same "n1 & said to be almo/ id5tical 9 "*1 conf]r$ by two diff]5t bodies "u entirely diff]5t qualifications & = totally diff]5t purposes4 ,z 0 to be expect$1 :5 "t _h 9 "s degree oblit]at$ ! details ( hi/ory1 ea* p>ty began to claim = itself ! sov]eign virtue ( legitimacy4 ,! ,pa/ ,ma/]s ( ! ,*apt]s d5i$ ! "r ( ! ,symbolic ,lodges to conf] ! degree1 & ! latt]1 9 _! turn1 ass]t$ t ! degree1 z conf]r$ 9 ! ,*apt]1 0 an innovation4 ,! preval5ce ( ! =m] doctr9e w\ld1 ( c\rse1 t5d to deprive ! ,symbolic ,lodges ( a ve/$ "r held by !m f ! mo/ anci5t times--t1 namely1 ( conf]r+ an honor>ium on _! ,ma/]s elect4 ,on ! :ole1 !n1 f ?is view ( ! surreptiti\s "* ( ! ,*apt] ,degree1 & support$ by ! high au?ority :om ,i h cit$1 z well z by ! be/ usage1 ,i am con/ra9$ to believe t ! true rule is1 to d5y ! ,*apt]1 or ,virtual ,pa/ ,ma/]s1 ! "r to in/all1 or to be pres5t at ! in/allation ( ! ,ma/] ( a ,symbolic ,lodge4 ,a ,pa/ ,ma/] may preside ov] a lodge 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,ma/]1 provid$ he is invit$ to d s by ! ,s5ior ,w>d5 pres5t4 ,! ,second ,g5]al ,regulation gave ! p[] ( presid+1 dur+ ! abs5ce ( ! ,ma/]1 to ! la/ ,pa/ ,ma/] pres5t1 aft] ! lodge _h be5 congregat$ by ! ,s5ior ,w>d52 b two ye>s aft]w>ds1 ! rule 0 repeal$1 & ! p[] ( presid+ 9 su* cases 0 ve/$ 9 ! ,s5ior ,w>d54 ,& accord+ly1 9 ?is c\ntry1 x has always be5 held1 t 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,ma/]1 8 au?ority desc5ds to ! ,s5ior ,w>d51 :o may1 h[ev]1 by c\rtesy1 (f] ! *air to a ,pa/ ,ma/] pres5t1 aft] ! lodge has be5 congregat$4 ,"s jurisdictions h p]mitt$ a ,pa/ ,ma/] to preside 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,ma/] & bo? ,w>d5s1 provid$ he 0 a memb] ( t lodge4 ,b ,i confess t ,i c f9d no w>rant = ?is rule 9 any portion ( our fundam5tal laws4 ,! p[] ( congregat+ ! lodge 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,ma/] has always be5 conf9$ to ! ,w>d5s2 & x !re=e seems to me1 t :5 bo? ! ,ma/] & ,w>d5s are abs5t1 al?\gh a ,pa/ ,ma/] may be pres5t1 ! lodge _c be op5$4 ,a ,pa/ ,ma/] is eligible = election to ! *air1 )\t aga9 pass+ ?r\gh ! (fice ( a ,w>d54 ,he is also entitl$ to a seat 9 ! ,ea/1 & to we> a jewel & coll> peculi> to 8 dignity4 ,by an anci5t regulation1 conta9$ 9 ! ,old ,*>ges1 ,pa/ ,ma/]s alone 7 eligible to ! (fice ( ,gr& ,w>d54 ,! ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/] 0 also to be select$ f among ! ,ma/]s1 or ,pa/ ,ma/]s ( ,lodges4 ,no su* regulation 0 9 exi/5ce z to ! (fice ( ,gr& ,ma/]1 :o might be select$ f ! mass ( ! frat]nity4 ,at ! pres5t "t1 9 ?is c\ntry1 x is usual to select ! ,gr& (fic]s f among ! ,pa/ ,ma/]s ( ! jurisdiction1 ?\gh ,i "k ( no anci5t law mak+ su* a regulation obligatory1 except 9 respect to ! affairs ( ,gr& ,w>d5s & ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,( ,affiliation4 ,affiliation is def9$ to be ! act by :i* a lodge receives a ,mason among its memb]s4 ,a pr(ane is said to be initiat$1 b a ,mason is affiliat$4#ia ,n[ ! mode 9 :i* a ,mason becomes affiliat$ ) a lodge1 9 "s respects diff]s f1 & 9 o!rs resembles1 ! mode 9 :i* a pr(ane is initiat$4 ,a ,mason1 desir+ to be affiliat$ ) a lodge1 mu/ apply by petition2 ?is petition mu/ be ref]r$ to a committee = inve/igation ( "*1 he mu/ rema9 9 a /ate ( probation = "o mon?1 & mu/ !n submit to a ballot1 9 :i* unanimity w be requir$ = 8 admission4 ,9 all ^! respects1 !re is no diff]5ce 9 ! modes ( regulat+ applications = initiation & affiliation4 ,! ,fif? & ,six? ,g5]al ,regulations1 ^u :i* ^! usages are f\nd$1 draw no di/9ction betwe5 ! act ( mak+ a ,mason & admitt+ a memb]4 ,! two processes are disjunctively connect$ 9 ! language ( bo? regulations4 ,no man c be made1 or admitt$ a memb] 99 99 99 99 )\t previ\s notice "o mon? be=e2 are ! words ( ! ,fif? ,regulation4 ,& 9 a simil> _s ! ,six? adds3 ,b no man c be ent]$ a ,bro!r 9 any p>ticul> lodge1 or admitt$ to be a memb] !re(1 )\t ! unanim\s cons5t ( all ! memb]s ( t lodge4 ,none b ,ma/] ,masons are p]mitt$ to apply = affiliation2 & e ,bro!r s apply+ mu/ br+ to ! lodge to :i* he applies a c]tificate ( 8 regul> dismission f ! lodge ( :i* he 0 la/ a memb]4 ,?is docum5t is n[ usually /yl$ a demit1 & %\ld specify ! good /&+ ( ! be>] at ! "t ( 8 resignation or demission4 ,"u ! regulations ( ! v>i\s ,gr& ,lodges ( ?is c\ntry1 a pr(ane _c1 z has be5 already obs]v$1 apply = initiation 9 any o!r lodge ?an ! "o ne>e/ to 8 resid5ce4 ,no su* regulation1 h[ev]1 exi/s 9 relation to ! application ( a ,mason = affiliation4 ,hav+ once be5 admitt$ into ! ,ord]1 he has a "r to select ! lodge ) :i* he may desire to unite himself4 ,he is n ev5 b\nd to affiliate ) ! lodge 9 :i* he 0 initiat$1 b aft] be+ rais$1 may leave x1 )\t sign+ ! bye-laws1 & atta* himself to ano!r4 ,a pr(ane1 hav+ be5 reject$ by a lodge1 c nev] apply to any o!r = initiation4 ,b a ,mason1 hav+ be5 reject$1 on 8 application = affiliation1 by a lodge1 is n !reby deb>r$ f subsequ5tly mak+ a simil> application to any o!r4 ,9 "s few jurisdictions a local regulation has ( late ye>s be5 enact$1 t no ,mason %all belong to m ?an "o lodge4 ,x is1 ,i presume1 compet5t = a ,gr& ,lodge to enact su* a regulation2 b :]e su* enactm5t has n tak5 place1 we mu/ be gov]n$ by ! anci5t & g5]al pr9ciple4 ,! ,g5]al ,regulations1 adopt$ 9 #agba1 conta9 no ref]5ce to ?is case2 b 9 a new regulation1 adopt$ on ! #ai? ,febru>y1 #agbc1 x 0 decl>$ t no ,bro!r %all belong to m ?an "o lodge )9 ! bills ( mortality4 ,?is rule 01 !re=e1 conf9$ to ! lodges 9 ! city ( ,london1 & did n affect ! c\ntry lodges4 ,/ill1 re/rict$ z x 0 9 its op]ation1 ,&]son rem>ks1 ?is regulation is neglect$ = sev]al reasons1 & n[ obsolete4#ib ,cu/om n[ 9 ,engl& & 9 o!r p>ts ( ,europe1 z well z 9 "s few portions ( ?is c\ntry1 is adv]se to ! regulation2 & :]e no local law exi/s 9 a p>ticul> jurisdiction1 ,i "k ( no pr9ciple ( masonic jurisprud5ce :i* =bids a ,mason to affiliate himself ) m ?an "o lodge4 ,! only objection to x is "o :i* mu/ be urg$1 n by ! ,ord]1 b by ! individual4 ,x is1 t 8 duties & 8 responsibilities are ?us multipli$1 z well z 8 exp5ses4 ,if he is will+ to incur all ?is additional weight 9 runn+ 8 race ( ,masonry1 x is n = o!rs to resi/ ?is exub]ance ( zeal4 ,! ,mason1 h[ev]1 :o is affiliat$ ) m ?an "o lodge1 mu/ rememb] t he is subject to ! indep5d5t jurisdiction ( ea*2 may = ! same (f5se be tri$ 9 ea*1 &1 al?\gh acquitt$ by all except "o1 t1 if convict$ by t "o1 8 conviction w1 if he be susp5d$ or expell$1 "w 8 susp5sion or expulsion 9 all ! o!rs4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,( ,demitt+4 ,to demit f a lodge is to resign "o's memb]%ip1 on :i* occasion a c]tificate ( good /&+ & a release f all dues is giv5 to ! applicant1 :i* is te*nically call$ a demit4 ,! "r to demit or resign nev] has1 until )9 a few ye>s1 be5 d5i$4 ,9 #ahec1 ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,connecticut adopt$ a regulation t no lodge %\ld grant a demit to any ( its memb]s1 except = ! purpose ( jo9+ "s o!r lodge2 & t no memb] %all be consid]$ z hav+ )drawn f "o lodge until he has actually become a memb] ( ano!r4 ,simil> regulations h be5 ei!r adopt$ or propos$ by a few o!r ,gr& ,lodges1 b ,i mu* d\bt bo? _! exp$i5cy & _! legality4 ,?is compulsory me?od ( keep+ ,masons1 aft] !y h once be5 made1 seems to me to be z repugnant to ! volunt>y "* ( our in/itution z w\ld be a compulsory mode ( mak+ !m 9 ! beg9n+4 ,! exp$i5cy ( su* a regulation is also highly que/ionable4 ,e c&idate is requir$ to come to our doors ( 8 own free w & accord1 & surely we %\ld desire to keep none among u aft] t free w is no long] felt4 ,we are all famili> ) ! ,hudibra/ic adage1 t ,a man conv9c$ aga9/ 8 w1 ,is ( ! same op9ion /ill1 & he :o is no long] actuat$ by t ard5t e/eem = ! in/itution :i* w\ld g5]ate a wi% to cont9ue 8 memb]%ip1 c\ld sc>cely h 8 slumb]+ zeal awak5$1 or 8 coldness w>m$ by ! bolts & b>s ( a regulation t %\ld keep him a reluctant prison] )9 ! walls f :i* he w\ld gladly escape4 ,masons ) su* dispositions we c gladly sp>e f our ranks4 ,! ,anci5t ,*>ges1 :ile !y ass]t t e ,mason %\ld belong to a lodge1 affix no p5alty = disob$i5ce4 ,no man c be compell$ to cont9ue 8 union ) a society1 :e!r x be religi\s1 political1 or social1 any long] ?an w suit 8 own incl9ations or s5se ( duty4 ,to int]f]e ) ?is inali5able pr]ogative ( a freeman w\ld be an infr+em5t on private rights4 ,a ,mason's initiation 0 volunt>y1 & 8 cont9uance 9 ! ,ord] mu/ be equally s4 ,b no man is entitl$ to a demit1 unless at ! "t ( dem&+ x he be 9 good /&+ & free f all *>ges4 ,if "u *>ges = crime1 he mu/ rema9 & abide 8 trial1 or if 9 arre>s1 mu/ pay up 8 dues4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o case ( demission = :i* a special law has be5 enact$4 ,t is1 :5 sev]al ,bre?r5 at ! same "t reque/ demits f a lodge4 ,z ?is action is sometimes ! result ( pique or ang]1 & z ! )drawal ( sev]al memb]s at once might s]i\sly impair ! prosp]ity1 or p]haps ev5 endang] ! v exi/5ce ( ! lodge1 x has be5 expressly =bidd5 by ! ,g5]al ,regulations1 unless ! lodge has become too num]\s = conv5i5t work+2 & n ev5 !n is p]mitt$ except by a ,disp5sation4 ,! words ( ?is law are to be f\nd 9 ! ,eigh? ,g5]al ,regulation1 z foll[s3 ,no set or numb] ( ,bre?r5 %all )draw or sep>ate !mselves f ! lodge 9 :i* !y 7 made ,bre?r51 or 7 aft]w>ds admitt$ memb]s1 unless ! lodge becomes too num]\s2 nor ev5 !n1 )\t a disp5sation f ! ,gr& ,ma/] or 8 ,deputy2 & :5 !y are ?us sep>at$1 !y mu/ ei!r imm$iately jo9 !mselves to su* o!r lodge z !y %all l be/1 ) ! unanim\s cons5t ( t o!r lodge to :i* !y g1 or else !y mu/ obta9 ! ,gr& ,ma/]'s w>rant to jo9 9 =m+ a new lodge4 ,x seems1 !re=e1 t1 al?\gh a lodge _c d5y ! "r ( a s+le memb] to demit1 :5 a sort ( conspiracy may be suppos$ to be =m$1 & sev]al ,bre?r5 pres5t _! petitions = demits at "o & ! same "t1 ! lodge may n only refuse1 b is b\nd to d s1 unless "u a disp5sation1 :i* disp5sation c only be giv5 9 ! case ( an ov]-popul\s lodge4 ,) ^! re/rictions & qualifications1 x _c be d\bt$ t e ,ma/] ,mason has a "r to demit f 8 lodge at 8 own pleasure4 ,:at w be ! result ^u himself1 9 8 future relations to ! ,ord]1 ( su* demission1 w con/itute ! subject ( ! succe$+ *apt]4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,( ,unaffiliat$ ,masons4 ,an unaffiliat$ ,mason is "o :o is n connect$ by memb]%ip ) any lodge4 ,!re c be no d\bt t su* a position is contr>y to ! _s ( our in/itution1 & t affiliation is a duty obligatory on e ,mason4 ,! ,old ,*>ges1 :i* h be5 s (t5 cit$ z ! fundam5tal law ( ,masonry1 say on ?is subject3 e ,bro!r ought to belong to a lodge & to be subject to its bye-laws & ! ,g5]al ,regulations4 ,explicitly z ?is doctr9e has be5 ann\nc$1 x has be5 too little obs]v$1 9 consequ5ce ( no precise p5alty hav+ be5 annex$ to its violation4 ,9 all times1 unaffiliat$ ,masons h exi/$--,masons :o h )drawn f all active p>ticipation 9 ! duties & responsibilities ( ! ,ord]1 & :o1 :5 9 ! h\r ( dang] or di/ress1 h n hesitat$ to claim its protection or assi/ance1 :ile !y h refus$ 9 ! day ( _! prosp]ity to add any?+ to its weal?1 its p[]1 or its influ5ce4 ,9 ?is c\ntry1 ! anti-masonic p]secutions ( #ahbh1 & a few ye>s subsequ5tly1 by caus+ ! cessation ( _m lodges1 ?rew a va/ numb] ( ,bre?r5 out ( all direct connection ) ! in/itution2 on ! re/oration ( peace1 & ! r5ewal ( labor by ! lodges1 too _m ( ^! ,bre?r5 neglect$ to reunite !mselves ) ! craft1 & ?us rema9$ unaffiliat$4 ,! habit1 ?us introduc$1 0 foll[$ by o!rs1 until ! s9 ( unaffiliation has at l5g? arriv$ at su* a po9t ( excess1 z to h become a s]i\s evil1 & to h attract$ ! att5tion & receiv$ ! condemnation ( almo/ e ,gr& ,lodge4 ,a few ,gr& ,lodges h d5i$ ! "r ( a ,mason p]man5tly to demit f ! ,ord]4 ,texas1 = in/ance1 has decl>$ t x does n recognize ! "r ( a ,mason to demit or sep>ate himself f ! lodge 9 :i* he 0 made1 or may aft]w>ds be admitt$1 except = ! purpose ( jo9+ ano!r lodge1 or :5 he may be ab\t to remove )\t ! jurisdiction ( ! lodge ( :i* he may be a memb]4#ic ,a few o!r ,gr& ,lodges h adopt$ a simil> regulation2 b ! prevail+ op9ion ( ! au?orities appe>s to be1 t x is compet5t to int]f]e ) ! "r to demit1 c]ta9 rights & pr]ogatives be+1 h[ev]1 lo/ by su* demission4 ,arkansas1 ,miss\ri1 ,ohio1 & "o or two o!r ,gr& ,lodges1 :ile n positively d5y+ ! "r ( demission1 h at v>i\s times levi$ a tax or contribution on ! demitt$ or unaffiliat$ ,masons )9 _! respective jurisdictions4 ,?is pr9ciple1 h[ev]1 has also fail$ to obta9 ! g5]al concurr5ce ( o!r ,gr& ,lodges1 & "s ( !m1 z ,m>yl&1 h op5ly d5\nc$ x4 ,aft] a c>eful exam9ation ( ! au?orities1 ,i _c d5y to any man ! "r ( )draw+1 :5soev] he pleases1 f a volunt>y association--! laws ( ! l& w\ld n su/a9 u 9 ! en=cem5t ( su* a regulation2 & our own self-respect %\ld prev5t u f attempt+ x4 ,if1 !n1 he has a "r to )draw1 x cle>ly foll[s t we h no "r to tax him1 :i* is only "o mode ( inflict+ a f9e or p5alty = an act1 ! "r to d :i* we h acc$$4 ,9 ! /rong language ( ! ,committee ( ,correspond5ce ( ,m>yl&3#id ,! object ( ,masonry nev] 0 to extort1 nol5s vol5s1 money f its vot>ies4 ,su* are n its pr9ciples or tea*+4 ,! advocat+ su* doctr9es _c advance ! int]e/ or reputation ( ! in/itution2 b w1 z y\r committee fe>1 d mu* to de/roy its usefulness4 ,compulsive memb]%ip deprives x ( ! title1 ,free & ,accept$4 ,b z x is an und\bt$ precept ( ! ,ord] t e ,mason %\ld belong to a lodge1 & contribute1 s f> z 8 means w all[1 to ! support ( ! in/itution1 & z1 by 8 demission1 = o!r ?an tempor>y purposes1 he violates ! pr9ciples & disobeys ! precepts ( ! ,ord]1 x naturally foll[s t 8 )drawal mu/ place him 9 a diff]5t position f t :i* he w\ld occupy z an affiliat$ ,mason4 ,x is n[ "t = u to inquire :at t new position is4 ,we may say1 !n1 t1 :5ev] a ,mason p]man5tly )draws 8 memb]%ip1 he at once1 & :ile he cont9ues unaffiliat$1 dissev]s all connection betwe5 himself & ! ,lodge organization ( ! ,ord]4 ,he1 by ?is act1 dive/s himself ( all ! rights & privileges :i* belong to him z a memb] ( t organization4 ,among ^! rights & privileges are ^? ( visitation1 ( pecuni>y aid1 & ( masonic burial4 ,:5ev] he approa*es ! door ( a lodge1 ask+ to ent] or seek+ = assi/ance1 he is to be met 9 ! light ( a pr(ane4 ,he may knock1 b ! door mu/ n be op5$--he may ask1 b he is n to receive4 ,! "w ( ! lodge is n to be %>$ by ^? :o h ?r[n aside _! aprons & _! implem5ts1 & ab&on$ ! labors ( ! ,temple--! funds ( ! lodge are to be di/ribut$ only among ^! :o are aid+1 by _! individual contributions1 to ! =mation ( simil> funds 9 o!r lodges4 ,b f ! well-kn[n & univ]sally-admitt$ maxim ( once a ,mason1 & always a ,mason1 x foll[s t a demitt$ ,bro!r _c by su* demission dive/ himself ( all 8 masonic responsibilities to 8 ,bre?r51 nor be depriv$ ( _! correlative responsibility to him4 ,an unaffiliat$ ,mason is /ill b\nd by c]ta9 obligations1 ( :i* he _c1 "u any circum/ances1 dive/ himself1 & by simil> obligations are ! frat]nity b\nd to him4 ,^! relate to ! duties ( secrecy & ( aid 9 ! imm95t h\r ( p]il4 ,( ! fir/ ( ^! !re c be no d\bt2 & z to ! la/1 ! words ( ! precept direct+ x leaves u no option2 nor is x a "t :5 ! ,g4,h4,s4 ( ,d4 is ?r[n out to inquire into ! condition ( ! p>ty4 ,speak+ on ?is subject1 ,bro!r ,alb]t ,pike1 9 8 report to ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,arkansas1 says if a p]son appeals to u z a ,mason 9 imm95t p]il1 or su* press+ ne$ t we h n "t to inquire into 8 wor?9ess1 !n1 le/ we might refuse to relieve & aid a wor?y ,bro!r1 we mu/ n /op to inquire z to any?+4 ,b ,i d n ?9k t ! le>n$ ,bro!r has put ! case 9 ! /ronge/ light4 ,x is n alone le/ we might refuse to relieve & aid a wor?y ,bro!r1 t we are 9 cases ( imm95t p]il to make no pause = delib]ation4 ,b x is because we are b\nd by our highe/ obligations at all times1 & to all ,masons1 to give t aid :5 duly call$ =4 ,i may1 !n1 aft] ?is some:at protract$ discussion1 briefly recapitulate ! position1 ! rights & ! responsibilities ( an unaffiliat$ ,mason z foll[s3 #a4 ,an unaffiliat$ ,mason is /ill b\nd by all 8 masonic duties & obligations1 except+ ^? connect$ ) ! organization ( ! lodge4 #b4 ,he has a "r to aid 9 imm95t p]il :5 he asks = t aid 9 ! prop] & conv5tional way4 #c4 ,he loses ! "r to receive pecuni>y relief4 #d4 ,he loses ! g5]al "r to visit#ie lodges1 or to walk 9 masonic processions4 #e4 ,he loses ! "r ( masonic burial4 #f4 ,he /ill rema9s subject to ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,ord]1 & may be tri$ & puni%$ = any (f5se z an affiliat$ ,mason w\ld be1 by ! lodge )9 ^: geographical jurisdiction he resides4 ,book ,f\r?4 ,( ,masonic ,crimes & ,puni%m5ts4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,( ,:at ,are ,masonic ,crimes4 ,! division ( wrongs1 by ! writ]s on municipal law1 into private & public1 or civil injuries & crimes & misdemeanors1 does n apply to ! jurisprud5ce ( ,freemasonry4 ,"h all wrongs are crimes1 because !y are a violation ( ! precepts ( ! in/itution2 & an (f5se aga9/ an individual is puni%$1 n s mu* because x is a brea* ( 8 private rights1 z because x affects ! well-be+ ( ! :ole masonic community4 ,9 reply+ to ! "q1 :at are masonic crimes8 by :i* is meant :at crimes are puni%able by ! con/itut$ au?orities1 our safe/ guide w be t fundam5tal law :i* is conta9$ 9 ! ,old ,*>ges4 ,^! give a concise1 b succ9ct summ>y ( ! duties ( a ,mason1 &1 ( c\rse1 :atev] is a violation ( any "o ( ^! duties w con/itute a masonic crime1 & ! p]petrator w be am5able to masonic puni%m5t4 ,b be=e ent]+ on ! consid]ation ( ^! p5al (f5ses1 x w be well t we %\ld relieve ! labor ( ! task1 by inquir+ :at crimes or (f5ses are n suppos$ to come )9 ! purview ( masonic jurisprud5ce4 ,religion & politics are subjects :i* x is well kn[n are /r+5tly =bidd5 to be introduc$ into ,masonry4 ,& h5ce arises ! doctr9e1 t ,masonry w n take congnizance ( religi\s or political (f5ses4 ,h]esy1 = in/ance1 is n a masonic crime4 ,masons are oblig$ to use ! words ( ! ,old ,*>ges1 to t religion 9 :i* all m5 agree1 leav+ _! p>ticul> op9ions to !mselves2 &1 !re=e1 z long z a ,mason ackn[l$ges 8 belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( "o ,god1 a lodge c take no action on 8 peculi> op9ions1 h[ev] het]odox !y may be4 ,9 l mann]1 al?\gh all ! mo/ anci5t & univ]sally-receiv$ precepts ( ! in/itution inculcate ob$i5ce to ! civil p[]s1 & /rictly =bid any m+l+ 9 plots or conspiracies aga9/ ! peace & welf>e ( ! nation1 yet no (f5se aga9/ ! /ate1 :i* is simply political 9 its "*1 c be notic$ by a lodge4 ,on ?is important subject1 ! ,old ,*>ges are rem>kably explicit4 ,!y say1 putt+ p]haps ! /ronge/ case by way ( exemplify+ ! pr9ciple1 t if a ,bro!r %\ld be a rebel aga9/ ! ,/ate1 he is n to be c\nt5anc$ 9 8 rebellion1 h[ev] he may be piti$ z an unhappy man2 &1 if convict$ ( no o!r crime1 ?\gh ! loyal ,bro!rhood mu/ & ought to dis[n 8 rebellion1 & give no umbrage or gr\nd ( political jeal\sy to ! gov]nm5t = ! "t be+1 !y _c expel him f ! lodge1 & 8 relation to x rema9s indefeasible ,! lodge c1 !re=e1 take no cognizance ( religi\s or political (f5ses4 ,! fir/ *>ge says3 a ,mason is oblig$ by 8 t5ure to obey ! moral law4 ,n[1 al?\gh1 9 a !ological s5se1 ! t5 comm&m5ts are said to embrace & con/itute ! moral law1 because !y are its be/ expon5t1 yet juri/s h giv5 to ! t]m a m g5]al latitude1 9 def9+ ! moral laws to be ! et]nal1 immutable laws ( good & evil1 to :i* ! ,creator himself1 9 all disp5sations1 con=ms1 & :i* he has enabl$ human reason to discov]1 s f> z !y are necess>y = ! conduct ( human actions4#if ,p]haps ! well kn[n summ>y ( ,ju/9ian w give ! be/ idea ( :at ?is law is1 namely1 t we %\ld live hone/ly1 7t is to say1 )\t reproa*17#ig %\ld injure nobody1 & r5d] to e "o 8 j due4 ,if su*1 !n1 be ! mean+ ( ! moral law1 & if e ,mason is by 8 t5ure oblig$ to obey x1 x foll[s1 t all su* crimes z pr(ane swe>+ or great impiety 9 any =m1 neglect ( social & dome/ic duties1 murd] & its concomitant vices ( cruelty & hatr$1 adult]y1 di%one/y 9 any %ape1 p]jury or malevol5ce1 & habitual falsehood1 inord9ate covet\sness1 & 9 %ort1 all ^? ramifications ( ^! lead+ vices :i* injuri\sly affect ! relations ( man to ,god1 8 neighbor1 & himself1 are prop] subjects ( lodge jurisdiction4 ,:atev] moral defects con/itute ! bad man1 make also ! bad ,mason1 & consequ5tly come "u ! category ( masonic (f5ses4 ,! pr9ciple is s pla9 & compreh5sible z to ne$ no fur!r exemplification4 ,x is suffici5t to say t1 :5ev] an act done by a ,mason is contr>y to or subs]sive ( ! ?ree great duties :i* he owes to ,god1 8 neighbor1 & himself1 x becomes at once a subject ( masonic inve/igation1 & ( masonic puni%m5t4 ,b besides ^! (f5ses aga9/ ! univ]sal moral law1 !re are _m o!rs aris+ f ! peculi> nature ( our in/itution4 ,among ^! we may m5tion1 & 9 _! ord]1 ^? t are enum]at$ 9 ! sev]al sections ( ! ,six? ,*apt] ( ! ,old ,*>ges4 ,^! are1 unseemly & irrev]5t conduct 9 ! lodge1 all excesses ( e k9d1 private piques or qu>rels br\ght into ! lodge2 imprud5t conv]sation 9 relation to ,masonry 9 ! pres5ce ( un9itiat$ /rang]s2 refusal to relieve a wor?y di/ress$ ,bro!r1 if 9 y\r p[]2 & all wrangl+1 qu>rel+1 back-bit+1 & sl&]4 ,! lectures 9 ! v>i\s degrees1 & ! ,anci5t ,*>ges read on ! in/allation ( ! ,ma/] ( a lodge1 furni% u ) o!r crit]ia = decid+ :at are peculi>ly masonic (f5ses4 ,all ( !m ne$ n be detail$2 b among !m may be p>ticul>ly m5tion$ ! foll[+3 ,all improp] revelations1 undue solicitations = c&idates1 angry & ov]-zeal\s argum5ts 9 favor ( ,masonry ) its enemies1 e act :i* t5ds to impair ! unsulli$ purity ( ! ,ord]1 want ( rev]5ce = & ob$i5ce to masonic sup]iors1 ! expression ( a contemptu\s op9ion ( ! orig9al rul]s & patrons ( ,masonry1 or ( ! in/itution itself2 all c\nt5ance ( impo/ors2 & la/ly1 hold+ masonic communion ) cl&e/9e ,masons1 or visit+ irregul> lodges4 ,f ?is li/1 :i*1 ext5d$ z x is1 might easily h be5 enl>g$1 x w be readily se51 t ! sph]e ( masonic p5al jurisdiction is by no means limit$4 ,x %\ld1 !re=e1 be ! object ( e ,mason1 to avoid ! c5sure or reproa* ( 8 ,bre?r51 by /rictly conf9+ himself z a po9t )9 t circle ( duty :i*1 at 8 fir/ initiation1 0 pres5t$ to him z an object wor?y ( 8 consid]ation4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,( ,masonic ,puni%m5ts4 ,hav+ occupi$ ! la/ *apt] 9 a consid]ation ( :at con/itute masonic crimes1 x is next 9 ord] to inquire h[ ^! (f5ses are to be puni%$2 & accord+ly ,i propose 9 ! foll[+ sections to treat ( ! v>i\s modes 9 :i* masonic law is v9dicat$1 comm5c+ ) ! slighte/ mode ( puni%m5t1 :i* is c5sure1 & proce$+ to ! highe/1 or expulsion f all ! rights & privileges ( ! ,ord]4 ,section ,i4 ,( ,c5sure4 ,a c5sure is ! milde/ =m ( puni%m5t t c be inflict$ by a lodge2 & z x is simply ! expression ( an op9ion by ! memb]s ( ! lodge1 t !y d n approve ( ! conduct ( ! p]son implicat$1 9 a p>ticul> po9t ( view1 & z x does n 9 any degree affect ! masonic /&+ ( ! "o c5sur$1 nor = a mom5t susp5d or abridge 8 rights & b5efits1 ,i h no d\bt t x may be done on a m]e motion1 )\t previ\s notice1 & adopt$1 z any o!r resolution1 by a b>e majority ( ! memb]s pres5t4 ,masonic c\rtesy w\ld1 h[ev]1 dictate t notice %\ld be giv5 to ! ,bro!r1 if abs5t1 t su* a motion ( c5sure is ab\t to be propos$ or consid]$1 to enable him to %[ cause1 if any he h1 :y he %\ld n be c5sur$4 ,b su* notice is n1 z ,i h said1 necess>y to ! legality ( ! vote ( c5sure4 ,a vote ( c5sure w sometimes1 h[ev]1 be ! result ( a trial1 & 9 t case its adoption mu/ be gov]n$ by ! rules ( masonic trials1 :i* are h]eaft] to be laid d[n4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ,reprim&4 ,a reprim& is ! next milde/ =m ( masonic puni%m5t4 ,x %\ld nev] be adopt$ on a m]e motion1 b %\ld always be ! result ( a regul> trial1 9 :i* ! p>ty may h ! opportunity ( def5se4 ,a reprim& may be ei!r private or public4 ,if to be giv5 9 private1 none %\ld be pres5t b ! ,ma/] & ! (f5d]2 or1 if giv5 by lett]1 no copy ( t lett] %\ld be pres]v$4 ,if giv5 9 public1 ! lodge is ! prop] place1 & ! reprim& %\ld be giv5 by ! ,ma/] f 8 appropriate /ation4 ,! ,ma/] is always ! executive (fic] ( ! lodge1 & 9 c>ry+ out ! s5t5ce he mu/ ex]cise 8 own prud5t discretion z to ! mode ( deliv]y & =m ( words4 ,a reprim&1 :e!r private or public1 does n affect ! masonic /&+ ( ! (f5d]4 ,section ,,iii4 ,( ,exclusion f ! ,lodge4 ,exclusion f a lodge may be ( v>i\s degrees4 #a4 ,a memb] may = indecor\s or unmasonic conduct be exclud$ f a s+le meet+ ( ! lodge4 ,?is may be done by ! ,ma/]1 "u a provision ( ! bye-laws giv+ him ! au?ority1 or on 8 own responsibility1 9 :i* case he is am5able to ! ,gr& ,lodge = ! correctness ( 8 decision4 ,exclusion 9 ?is way does n affect ! masonic /&+ ( ! p]son exclud$1 & does n require a previ\s trial4 ,i _c ent]ta9 any d\bt t ! ,ma/] ( a lodge has ! "r to exclude tempor>ily any memb] or ,mason1 :5 he ?9ks t ei!r 8 admission1 if outside1 or 8 cont9uance )91 if pres5t1 w impair ! peace & h>mony ( ! lodge4 ,x is a pr]ogative necess>y to ! fai?ful p]=mance ( 8 duties1 & inali5able f 8 great responsibility to ! ,gr& ,lodge = ! prop] gov]nm5t ( ! ,craft intru/$ to 8 c>e4 ,if1 z x is describ$ 9 ! anci5t mann] ( con/itut+ a lodge1 ! ,ma/] is *>g$ to pres]ve ! cem5t ( ! ,lodge1 x w\ld be folly to give him su* a *>ge1 unless he 7 inve/$ ) ! p[] to exclude an unruly or disord]ly memb]4 ,b z ,ma/]s are enjo9$ n to rule _! lodges 9 an unju/ or arbitr>y mann]1 & z e ,mason is cle>ly entitl$ to r$ress = any wrong t has be5 done to him1 x foll[s t ! ,ma/] is responsible to ! ,gr& ,lodge = ! mann] 9 :i* he has execut$ ! va/ p[] intru/$ to him1 & he may be tri$ & puni%$ by t body1 = exclud+ a memb]1 :5 ! motives ( ! act & ! o!r circum/ances ( ! exclusion 7 n su* z to w>rant ! ex]cise ( 8 pr]ogative4 #b4 ,a memb] may be exclud$ f 8 lodge = a def9ite or indef9ite p]iod1 on acc\nt ( ! non-paym5t ( arre>s4 ,?is puni%m5t may be inflict$ 9 diff]5t modes1 & "u diff]5t names4 ,x is sometimes call$1 susp5sion f ! lodge1 & sometimes erasure f ! roll4 ,bo? ( ^! puni%m5ts1 ?\gh diff]+ 9 _! effect1 are pron\nc$1 n aft] a trial1 b by a provision ( ! bye-laws ( ! lodge4 ,= ?is reason alone1 if !re 7 no o!r1 ,i %\ld cont5d1 t !y d n affect ! /&+ ( ! memb] susp5d$1 or eras$1 ) relation to ! craft 9 g5]al4 ,no ,mason c be depriv$ ( 8 masonic rights1 except aft] a trial1 ) ! opportunity ( def5se1 & a v]dict ( 8 pe]s4 ,b be=e com+ to a def9ite conclusion on ?is subject1 x is necess>y t we %\ld view ! subject 9 ano!r po9t ( view1 9 :i* x w be se5 t a susp5sion f ! rights & b5efits ( ,masonry1 = ! non-paym5t ( dues1 is entirely at v>iance ) ! true pr9ciples ( ! ,ord]4 ,! sy/em ( paym5t ( lodge-dues does n by any means belong to ! anci5t usages ( ! frat]nity4 ,x is a mod]n cu/om1 e/abli%$ = purposes ( conv5i5ce1 & aris+ out ( o!r modifications1 9 ! organization ( ! ,ord]4 ,x is n an obligation on ! "p ( a ,mason1 to ! in/itution at l>ge1 b is 9 reality a special contract1 9 :i* ! only p>ties are a p>ticul> lodge & its memb]s1 ( :i* ! frat]nity1 z a mass1 are to "k no?+4 ,x is n pres5t$ by any g5]al masonic law1 nor any univ]sal masonic precept4 ,no ,gr& ,lodge has ev] yet attempt$ to control or regulate x1 & x is ?us tacitly admitt$ to =m no "p ( ! g5]al regulations ( ! ,ord]4 ,ev5 9 t ,old ,*>ge 9 :i* a lodge is describ$1 & ! necessity ( memb]%ip 9 is en=c$1 n a ^w is said ( ! paym5t ( arre>s to x1 or ( ! duty ( contribut+ to its support4 ,h5ce ! non-paym5t ( arre>s is a violation ( a special & volunt>y contract ) a lodge1 & n ( any g5]al duty to ! craft at l>ge4 ,! coroll>y f all ?is is1 evid5tly1 t ! puni%m5t inflict$ 9 su* a case %\ld be "o affect+ ! relations ( ! del9qu5t ) ! p>ticul> lodge ^: bye-laws he has infr+$1 & n a g5]al "o1 affect+ 8 relations ) ! :ole ,ord]4 ,aft] a consid]ation ( all ^! circum/ances1 ,i am con/ra9$ to ?9k t susp5sion f alodge1 = non-paym5t ( arre>s1 %\ld only susp5d ! rights ( ! memb] z to 8 own lodge1 b %\ld n affect 8 "r ( visit+ o!r lodges1 nor any ( ! o!r privileges inh]5t 9 him z a ,mason4 ,su* is n1 ,i confess1 ! g5]al op9ion1 or usage ( ! craft 9 ?is c\ntry1 b yet ,i _c b believe t x is ! doctr9e mo/ consonant ) ! true _s ( ! in/itution4 ,x is ! practice pursu$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 f :i* mo/ ( our ,gr& ,lodges d]ive1 directly or indirectly1 _! exi/5ce4 ,x is also ! regulation ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,massa*usetts4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a expressly =bids susp5sion f ! rights & b5efits ( ,masonry = non-paym5t ( dues1 & ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,new ,york has a simil> provision 9 its ,con/itution4 ,( ! two modes ( exclusion f a lodge = non-paym5t ( dues1 namely1 susp5sion & erasure1 ! effects are v diff]5t4 ,susp5sion does n abrogate ! connection betwe5 ! memb] & 8 lodge1 & places 8 rights 9 abeyance only4 ,^u ! paym5t ( ! debt1 he is at once re/or$ )\t o!r action ( ! lodge4 ,b erasure f ! roll t]m9ates all connection betwe5 ! del9qu5t & ! lodge1 & he ceases to be a memb] ( x4 ,paym5t ( ! dues1 simply1 w n re/ore him2 = x is necess>y t he %\ld aga9 be elect$ by ! ,bre?r51 ^u =mal application4 ,! ^w exclusion has a mean+ 9 ,engl& diff]+ f t 9 :i* x has be5 us$ 9 ! pres5t section4 ,!re ! pr]ogative ( expulsion is1 z ,i ?9k v rightly1 ex]cis$ only by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! t]m expell$ is !re=e us$ only :5 a ,bro!r is remov$ f ! craft1 by ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,! removal by a ,di/rict ,gr& ,lodge1 or a subord9ate lodge1 is call$ exclusion4 ,! effect1 h[ev]1 ( ! puni%m5t ( exclusion1 is simil> to t :i* has be5 "h advocat$4 ,section ,,iv4 ,( ,def9ite ,susp5sion4 ,susp5sion is a puni%m5t by :i* a p>ty is tempor>ily depriv$ ( 8 rights & privileges z a ,mason4 ,x does n t]m9ate 8 connection ) ! craft1 b only places x 9 abeyance1 & x may aga9 be resum$ 9 a mode h]eaft] to be indicat$4 ,susp5sion may be1 9 relation to "t1 ei!r def9ite or indef9ite4 ,& z ! effects produc$ ^u ! del9qu5t1 especially 9 ref]5ce to ! mann] ( 8 re/oration1 are diff]5t1 x is prop] t ea* %\ld be sep>ately consid]$4 ,9 a case ( def9ite susp5sion1 ! "t = :i* ! del9qu5t is to be susp5d$1 :e!r = "o mon?1 = ?ree1 or six mon?s1 or = a long] or %ort] p]iod1 is always m5tion$ 9 ! s5t5ce4 ,at its t]m9ation1 ! p>ty susp5d$ is at once re/or$ )\t fur!r action ( ! lodge4 ,b z ?is is a po9t ^u :i* !re has be5 "s diff]5ce ( op9ion1 ! argum5t w be fully discuss$ 9 ! *apt] on ! subject ( ,re/oration4 ,by a def9ite susp5sion1 ! del9qu5t is = a "t plac$ beyond ! pale ( ,masonry4 ,he is depriv$ ( all 8 rights z a ,ma/] ,mason--is n p]mitt$ to visit any lodge1 or hold masonic communication ) 8 ,bre?r5--is n entitl$ to masonic relief1 & %\ld he die dur+ 8 susp5sion1 is n entitl$ to masonic burial4 ,9 %ort1 ! am\nt ( puni%m5t diff]s f t ( indef9ite susp5sion or expulsion only 9 ! p]iod ( "t = :i* x is inflict$4 ,! puni%m5t ( def9ite susp5sion is ! lighte/ t c be inflict$ ( ^? :i* affect ! relations ( a ,mason ) ! frat]nity at l>ge4 ,x mu/ always be prec$$ by a trial1 & ! preval5t op9ion is1 t x may be inflict$ by a two-?irds vote ( ! lodge4 ,section ,v4 ,( ,indef9ite ,susp5sion4 ,indef9ite susp5sion is a puni%m5t by :i* ! p]son susp5d$ is depriv$ ( all 8 rights & privileges z a ,mason1 until su* "t z ! lodge :i* has susp5d$ him %all see fit1 by a special action1 to re/ore him4 ,all t has be5 said ( def9ite susp5sion 9 ! prec$+ section1 w equally apply to indef9ite susp5sion1 except t 9 ! =m] case ! susp5d$ p]son is at once re/or$ by ! t]m9ation ( ! p]iod = :i* he 0 susp5d$2 :ile 9 ! latt]1 z no p]iod ( t]m9ation _h be5 affix$1 a special resolution ( ! lodge w be necess>y to effect a re/oration4 ,by susp5sion ! connection ( ! p>ty ) 8 lodge & ) ! in/itution is n sev]$2 he /ill rema9s a memb] ( 8 lodge1 al?\gh 8 rights z su* are plac$ 9 abeyance4 ,9 ?is respect x mat]ially diff]s f expulsion1 &1 z an inf]ior grade ( puni%m5t1 is inflict$ = (f5ses ( a light] "* ?an ^? = :i* expulsion is prescrib$4 ,! "q "h arises1 :e!r ! dues ( a susp5d$ memb] to 8 lodge cont9ue to accrue dur+ 8 susp5sion8 ,i ?9k !y d n4 ,dues or arre>s are paym5ts made to a lodge = c]ta9 rights & b5efits--! ex]cise & enjoym5t ( :i* are gu>ante$ to ! memb]1 9 consid]ation ( ! dues ?us paid4 ,b z by susp5sion1 :e!r def9ite or indef9ite1 he is = ! "t depriv$ ( ^! rights & b5efits1 x w\ld seem unju/ to require f him a paym5t = t :i* he does n enjoy4 ,i hold1 !re=e1 t susp5sion f ! rights & b5efits ( ,masonry1 includes also a susp5sion f ! paym5t ( arre>s4 ,no "o c be indef9itely susp5d$1 unless aft] a due =m ( trial1 & ^u ! vote ( at lea/ two-?irds ( ! memb]s pres5t4 ,section ,,vi4 ,( ,expulsion4#ih ,expulsion is ! v highe/ p5alty t c be inflict$ ^u a del9qu5t ,mason4 ,x deprives ! p>ty expell$ ( all ! masonic rights & privileges t he ev] enjoy$1 n only z a memb] ( ! lodge f :i* he has be5 eject$1 b also ( all ^? :i* 7 inh]5t 9 him z a memb] ( ! frat]nity at l>ge4 ,he is at once z completely dive/$ ( 8 masonic "* z ?\gh he _h nev] be5 admitt$ into ! in/itution4 ,he c no long] dem& ! aid ( 8 ,bre?r51 nor require f !m ! p]=mance ( any ( ! duties to :i* he 0 =m]ly entitl$1 nor visit any lodge1 nor unite 9 any ( ! public or private c]emonies ( ! ,ord]4 ,no conv]sation on masonic subjects c be held ) him1 & he is to be consid]$ z be+ completely )\t ! pale ( ! in/itution1 & to be look$ ^u 9 ! same light z a pr(ane1 9 relation to ! communication ( any masonic in=mation4 ,x is a cu/om too g5]ally adopt$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 = subord9ate lodges to inflict ?is puni%m5t1 & h5ce x is suppos$ by _m1 t ! p[] ( inflict+ x is ve/$ 9 ! subord9ate lodges4 ,b ! fact is1 t ! only prop] tribunal to impose ?is heavy p5alty is a ,gr& ,lodge4 ,a subord9ate may1 inde$1 try its del9qu5t memb]1 & if guilty decl>e him expell$4 ,b ! s5t5ce is ( no =ce until ! ,gr& ,lodge1 "u ^: jurisdiction x is work+1 has confirm$ x4 ,& x is optional ) ! ,gr& ,lodge to d s1 or1 z is frequ5tly done1 to rev]se ! decision & re9/ate ! ,bro!r4 ,"s ( ! lodges 9 ?is c\ntry claim ! "r to expel indep5d5tly ( ! action ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 b ! claim is n valid4 ,! v fact t an expulsion is a p5alty1 affect+ ! g5]al relations ( ! puni%$ p>ty ) ! :ole frat]nity1 proves t its ex]cise nev] c\ld1 ) propriety1 be intru/$ to a body s circumscrib$ 9 its au?ority z a subord9ate lodge4 ,besides1 ! g5]al practice ( ! frat]nity is aga9/ x4 ,! ,engli% ,con/itutions ve/ ! p[] to expel exclusively 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge4#ii ,! sev]ity ( ! puni%m5t w at once indicate ! propriety ( inflict+ x only = ! mo/ s]i\s (f5ses1 su*1 = in/ance1 z immoral conduct1 t w\ld subject a c&idate = initiation to rejection4 ,z ! puni%m5t is g5]al1 affect+ ! relation ( ! "o expell$ ) ! :ole frat]nity1 x %\ld n be lightly impos$1 = ! violation ( any masonic act n g5]al 9 its "*4 ,! commission ( a grossly immoral act is a violation ( ! contract ent]$ into betwe5 ea* ,mason & 8 ,ord]4 ,if sanction$ by sil5ce or impunity1 x w\ld br+ discr$it on ! in/itution1 & t5d to impair its usefulness4 ,a ,mason :o is a bad man1 is to ! frat]nity :at a mortifi$ limb is to ! body1 & %\ld be treat$ ) ! same mode ( cure--he %\ld be cut (f1 le/ 8 example spread1 & disease be propagat$ ?r\gh ! con/itution4 ,! puni%m5t ( expulsion c only be inflict$ aft] a due c\rse ( trial1 & ^u ! votes ( at lea/ two-?irds ( ! memb]s pres5t1 & %\ld always be submitt$ = approval & confirmation to ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,"o "q "h arises1 9 respect n only to expulsion b to ! o!r masonic puni%m5ts1 ( :i* ,i h treat$ 9 ! prec$+ sections3--,does susp5sion or expulsion f a ,*apt] ( ,royal ,ar* ,masons1 an ,encampm5t ( ,knights ,templ>1 or any o!r ( :at are call$ ! high] degrees ( ,masonry1 affect ! relations ( ! expell$ p>ty to ,symbolic or ,anci5t ,craft ,masonry8 ,i answ]1 unhesitat+ly1 t x does n1 & = reasons :i*1 ye>s ago1 ,i advanc$1 9 ! foll[+ language1 & :i* appe> to h met ) ! approval ( ! mo/ ( my contempor>ies3-- ,a *apt] ( ,royal ,ar* ,masons1 = in/ance1 is n1 & _c be1 recogniz$ z a masonic body1 by a lodge ( ,ma/] ,masons4 ',!y he> !m s to be1 b !y d n "k !m s to be1' by any ( ! modes ( recognition kn[n to ,masonry4 ,! acts1 !re=e1 ( a ,*apt] _c be recogniz$ by a ,ma/] ,masons' lodge1 any m ?an ! acts ( a lit]>y or *>itable society :olly unconnect$ ) ! ,ord]4 ,aga93 ,by ! pres5t organization ( ,freemasonry1 ,gr& ,lodges are ! supreme masonic tribunals4 ,if1 !re=e1 expulsion f a ,*apt] ( ,royal ,ar* ,masons involv$ expulsion f a ,blue ,lodge1 ! "r ( ! ,gr& ,lodge to he> & det]m9e causes1 & to regulate ! int]nal conc]ns ( ! in/itution1 w\ld be int]f]$ ) by ano!r body beyond its control4 ,b ! conv]se ( ?is proposition does n hold good4 ,expulsion f a ,blue ,lodge involves expulsion f all ! high] degrees2 because1 z !y are compos$ ( ,blue ,masons1 ! memb]s c\ld n ( "r sit & hold communications on masonic subjects ) "o :o 0 an expell$ ,mason4#ajj ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,( ,masonic ,trials4 ,hav+ ?us discuss$ ! p5alties :i* are affix$ to masonic (f5ses1 we are next to inquire into ! process ( trial by :i* a lodge det]m9es on ! guilt or innoc5ce ( ! accus$4 ,?is subject w be ! mo/ conv5i5tly consid]$ by a division into two sections2 fir/1 z to ! =m ( trial2 & secondly1 z to ! "* ( ! evid5ce4 ,section ,i4 ,( ! ,=m ( ,trial4 ,al?\gh ! au?ority = submitt+ masonic (f5ses to trials by lodges is d]iv$ f ! ,old ,*>ges1 none ( ! anci5t regulations ( ! ,ord] h prescrib$ ! details by :i* ^! trials are to be gov]n$4 ,! =m ( trial mu/1 !re=e1 be obta9$ f ! cu/oms & usages ( ! craft1 & f ! regulations :i* h be5 adopt$ by v>i\s ,gr& ,lodges4 ,! pres5t section w1 !re=e1 furni% a summ>y ( ^! regulations z !y are g5]ally obs]v$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,a *>ge or /atem5t ( ! (f5se imput$ to ! p>ty is always a prelim9>y /ep to e trial4 ,?is *>ge mu/ be made 9 writ+1 sign$ by ! accus]1 & deliv]$ to ! ,secret>y1 :o reads x at ! next regul> communication ( ! lodge4 ,a "t & place are !n appo9t$ by ! lodge = ! trial4 ,! accus$ is entitl$ to a copy ( ! *>ge1 & mu/ be in=m$ ( ! "t & place t h be5 appo9t$ = 8 trial4 ,al?\gh x is necess>y t ! accusation %\ld be pref]r$ at a /at$ communication1 s t no "o may be tak5 at a disadvantage1 ! trial may take place at a special communication4 ,b ample "t & opportunity %\ld always be giv5 to ! accus$ to prep>e 8 def5se4 ,x is n ess5tial t ! accus] %\ld be a ,mason4 ,a *>ge ( immoral conduct c be pref]r$ by a pr(ane2 & if ! (f5se is prop]ly /at$1 & if x comes )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! ,ord] or ! lodge1 x mu/ be inve/igat$4 ,x is n ! accus] b ! accus$ t ,is to be put on trial1 & ! lodge is to look only to ! nature ( ! accusation1 & n to ! individual :o pref]s x4 ,! motives ( ! accus]1 b n 8 "*1 may be exam9$4 ,if ! accus$ is liv+ beyond ! jurisdiction ( ! lodge--t is to say1 if he be a memb] & h remov$ to "s o!r place )\t )draw+ 8 memb]%ip1 n be+ a memb]1 or if1 aft] committ+ ! (f5se1 he has left ! jurisdiction1 ! *>ge mu/ be transmitt$ to 8 pres5t place ( resid5ce1 by mail or o!rwise1 & a reasonable "t be all[$ = 8 answ] be=e ! lodge proce$s to trial4 ,! lodge %\ld be op5$ 9 ! highe/ degree to :i* ! accus$ has atta9$2 & ! exam9ations %\ld take place 9 ! pres5ce ( ! accus$ & ! accus] 7if ! latt] be a ,mason72 b ! f9al decision %\ld always be made 9 ! ?ird degree4 ,! accus$ & ! accus] h a "r to be pres5t at all exam9ations ( witnesses1 :e!r ^? exam9ations are tak5 9 op5 lodge or 9 a committee1 & to propose su* relevant que/ions z !y desire4 ,:5 ! trial is conclud$1 ! accus$ & accus] %\ld retire1 & ! ,ma/] or presid+ (fic] mu/ !n put ! "q ( guilty or n guilty to ! lodge4 ,( c\rse1 if !re are sev]al *>ges or specifications1 ! "q mu/ be tak5 on ea* sep>ately4 ,= ! purposes ( security & indep5d5ce 9 ! expression ( op9ion1 x seems g5]ally conc$$1 t ?is "q %\ld be decid$ by ballot2 & ! usage has also obta9$1 ( requir+ two-?irds ( ! votes giv5 to be black1 to secure a conviction4 ,a :ite ball1 ( c\rse1 is equival5t to acquittal1 & a black "o to conviction4 ,e memb] pres5t is b\nd to vote1 unless excus$ by unanim\s cons5t4 ,if1 on a scrut9y1 x is f\nd t ! v]dict is guilty1 ! ,ma/] or presid+ (fic] mu/ !n put ! "q z to ! am\nt & nature ( ! puni%m5t to be inflict$4 ,he w comm5ce ) ! highe/ p5alty1 or expulsion1 &1 if necess>y1 by t puni%m5t be+ negativ$1 proce$ to propose indef9ite & !n def9ite susp5sion1 exclusion1 public or private reprim&1 & c5sure4 ,= expulsion or ei!r k9d ( susp5sion1 two-?irds ( ! votes pres5t are necess>y4 ,= ei!r ( ! o!r & light] p5alties1 a b>e majority w be suffici5t4 ,! votes on ! nature ( ! puni%m5t %\ld be tak5 by a %[ ( h&s4 ,if ! resid5ce ( ! accus$ is n kn[n1 or if1 ^u due summons1 he refuses or neglects to att5d1 ! lodge may1 nev]!less1 proce$ to trial )\t 8 pres5ce4 ,9 trials conduct$ by ,gr& ,lodges1 x is usual to take ! prelim9>y te/imony 9 a committee2 b ! f9al decision mu/ always be made 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,evid5ce 9 ,masonic ,trials4 ,9 ! consid]ation ( ! nature ( ! evid5ce t is to be giv5 9 masonic trials1 x is prop] t we %\ld fir/ inquire :at classes ( p]sons are to be deem$ incompet5t z witnesses4 ,! law ( ! l&1 :i*1 9 ?is in/ance1 is ! same z ! law ( ,masonry1 has decl>$ ! foll[+ classes ( p]son to be incompet5t to give evid5ce4 #a4 ,p]sons :o h n ! use ( reason1 are1 f ! infirmity ( _! nature1 consid]$ to be utt]ly incapable ( giv+ evid5ce4#aja ,?is class includes idiots1 madm51 & *ildr5 too "y to be s5sible ( ! obligations ( an oa?1 & to di/+ui% betwe5 good & evil4 #b4 ,p]sons :o are entirely devoid ( any su* religi\s pr9ciple or belief z w\ld b9d _! consci5ces to speak ! tru?1 are incompet5t z witnesses4 ,h5ce1 ! te/imony ( an a!i/ mu/ be reject$2 because1 z x has be5 well said1 su* a p]son _c be subject to t sanction :i* is deem$ an indisp5sable te/ ( tru?4 ,b z ,masonry does n dem& ( its c&idates any o!r religi\s decl>ation ?an t ( a belief 9 ,god1 x _c require ( ! witnesses 9 its trials any pr(ession ( a m explicit fai?4 ,b ev5 "h x seems to concur ) ! law ( ! l&2 = x has be5 decid$ by ,*ief ,b>on ,willes1 t an infidel :o believes 9 a ,god1 & t ,he w rew>d & puni% him 9 ?is _w1 b does n believe 9 a future /ate1 may be exam9$ ^u oa?4 #c4 ,p]sons :o h be5 r5d]$ infam\s by _! conviction ( great crimes1 are deem$ incompet5t to give evid5ce4 ,?is rule has be5 adopt$1 because ! commission ( an infam\s crime implies1 z ,sir ,william ,scott has obs]v$1 su* a d]eliction ( moral pr9ciple on ! "p ( ! witness1 z c>ries ) x ! conclusion t he w\ld entirely disreg>d ! obligation ( an oa?4 ,( su* a witness x has be5 said1 by ano!r em95t judge1#ajb t ! cr$it ( 8 oa? is ov]-balanc$ by ! /a9 ( 8 iniquity4 #d4 ,p]sons int]e/$ 9 ! result ( ! trial are consid]$ incompet5t to give evid5ce4 ,f ! nature ( human actions & passions1 & f ! fact t all p]sons1 ev5 ! mo/ virtu\s1 are unconsci\sly sway$ by motives ( int]e/1 ! te/imony ( su* p]sons is r to be di/ru/$ ?an believ$4 ,?is rule w1 p]haps1 be g5]ally ( difficult application 9 masonic trials1 al?\gh 9 a civil suit at law x is easy to def9e :at is ! int]e/ ( a p>ty suffici5t to r5d] 8 evid5ce incompet5t4 ,b :5ev] x is cle>ly app>5t t ! int]e/s ( a witness w\ld be greatly b5efit$ by ei!r ! acquittal or ! conviction ( ! accus$1 8 te/imony mu/ be entirely reject$1 or1 if admitt$1 its value mu/ be weigh$ ) ! mo/ scrupul\s caution4 ,su* are ! rules t ! wisdom ( successive g5]ations ( m51 le>n$ 9 ! law1 h adopt$ = ! e/abli%m5t ( ! compet5cy or incompet5cy ( witnesses4 ,!re is no?+ 9 !m :i* conflicts ) ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice1 or ) ! ,con/itutions ( ,freemasonry2 & h5ce !y may1 v prop]ly1 be consid]$ z a "p ( our own code4 ,9 det]m9+1 !re=e1 ! rule = ! admission ( witnesses 9 masonic trials1 we are to be gov]n$ by ! simple proposition t has be5 enunciat$ by ,mr4 ,ju/ice ,lawr5ce 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,i f9d no rule less compreh5sive ?an ?is1 t all p]sons are admissible witnesses :o h ! use ( _! reason1 & su* religi\s belief z to feel ! obligation ( an oa?1 :o h n be5 convict$ ( any infam\s crime1 & :o are n influ5c$ by int]e/4 ,! peculi>1 isolat$ "* ( our in/itution1 "h sugge/s z an important "q1 :e!r x is admissible to take ! te/imony ( a pr(ane1 or p]son :o is n a ,freemason1 9 ! trial ( a ,mason be=e 8 lodge4 ,to ?is "q ,i feel compell$ to reply1 t su* te/imony is g5]ally admissible2 b1 z !re are special cases 9 :i* x is n1 x seems prop] to qualify t reply by a brief inquiry into ! gr\nds & reasons ( ?is admissibility1 & ! mode & mann] 9 :i* su* te/imony is to be tak54 ,! great object ( e trial1 9 ,masonry1 z else:]e1 is to elicit tru?2 &1 9 ! _s ( tru?1 to adm9i/] ju/ice4 ,f :atev] s\rce1 !re=e1 ?is tru? c be obta9$1 x is n only compet5t !re to seek x1 b x is obligatory on u s to d4 ,?is is ! pr9ciple ( law z well z ( common s5se4 ,mr4 ,phillips1 9 ! beg9n+ ( 8 great ,treatise on ! ,law ( ,evid5ce1 says3 ,9 inquiries ^u ?is subject1 ! great end & object ought always to be1 ! asc]ta9+ ( ! mo/ conv5i5t & sure/ means = ! atta9m5t ( tru?2 ! rules laid d[n are ! means us$ = ! atta9m5t ( t end4 ,n[1 if ,a1 :o is a ,freemason1 %all h committ$ an (f5se1 ( :i* ,b & ,c alone 7 cognizant z witnesses1 %all x be said t ,a mu/ be acquitt$ = want ( pro(1 because ,b & ,c are n memb]s ( ! ,ord]8 ,we appreh5d t 9 ?is in/ance ! ends ( ju/ice w\ld be defeat$1 r ?an subs]v$4 ,if ! v]acity & hone/y ( ,b & ,c are unimpea*$1 _! te/imony z to ! fact _c lawfully be reject$ on any gr\nd1 except t !y may be int]e/$ 9 ! result ( ! trial1 & might be b5efit$ by ! conviction or ! acquittal ( ! def5dant4 ,b ?is is an objection t w\ld hold aga9/ ! evid5ce ( a ,mason1 z well z a pr(ane4 ,any o!r rule w\ld be (t5 att5d$ ) injuri\s consequ5ces to our in/itution4 ,we may readily suppose a case by way ( illu/ration4 ,a1 :o is a memb] ( a lodge1 is accus$ ( habitual intemp]ance1 a vice em95tly unmasonic 9 its "*1 & "o :i* w always reflect a great portion ( ! degradation ( ! (f5d] ^u ! society :i* %all su/a9 & def5d him 9 its p]petration4 ,b x may happ5--& ?is is a v conceivable case--t 9 consequ5ce ( ! remot5ess ( 8 dwell+1 or f "s o!r supposable cause1 8 ,bre?r5 h no opportunity ( see+ him1 except at di/ant int]vals4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 no ,mason1 to te/ify to ! tru? ( ! *>ge1 :ile 8 neighbors & associates1 :o are daily & h\rly 9 8 company1 are all aw>e ( 8 habit ( intoxication4 ,if1 !n1 a doz5 or m m51 all ( reputation & v]acity1 %\ld come1 or be br\ght be=e ! lodge1 ready & will+ to te/ify to ?is fact1 by :at process ( reason or ju/ice1 or "u :at maxim ( masonic jurisprud5ce1 c\ld _! te/imony be reject$1 simply because !y 7 n ,masons8 ,& if reject$--if ! accus$ ) ?is weight ( evid5ce aga9/ him1 ) ?is infamy cle>ly & satisfactorily prov$ by ^! reputable witnesses1 7 to be acquitt$1 & s5t =? purg$ ( ! *>ge1 ^u a m]e te*nical gr\nd1 & ?us triumphantly be su/a9$ 9 ! cont9uation ( 8 vice1 & t 9 ! face ( ! v community :i* 0 cognizant ( 8 degradation ( life & mann]s1 :o c\ld e/imate ! disa/r\s consequ5ces to ! lodge & ! ,ord] :i* %\ld ?us support & uphold him 9 8 guilty c\rse8 ,! _w w\ld n1 & c\ld n appreciate ! causes t l$ to ! rejection ( su* cle> & unimpea*able te/imony1 & x w\ld visit ) its j reprobation ! in/itution :i* c\ld ?us ext5d its frat]nal affections to ! support ( und\bt$ guilt4 ,b1 moreov]1 ?is is n a "q ( m]e !ory2 ! pr9ciple ( accept+ ! te/imony ( non-masonic witnesses has be5 repeat$ly act$ on4 ,if a ,mason has be5 tri$ by ! c\rts ( 8 c\ntry on an indictm5t = l>c5y1 or any o!r infam\s crime1 & be5 convict$ by ! v]dict ( a jury1 al?\gh nei!r ! judge nor ! jury1 nor ! witnesses 7 ,masons1 no lodge aft] su* conviction w\ld p]mit him to reta9 8 memb]%ip1 b1 on ! contr>y1 x w\ld promptly & indignantly expel him f ! ,bro!rhood4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! lodge %\ld refuse to expel him1 on ! gr\nd t 8 conviction be=e ! c\rt 0 bas$ on ! te/imony ( non-masonic witnesses1 & %\ld grant him a lodge trial = ! same (f5se1 !n1 on ! pr9ciple aga9/ :i* we are cont5d+1 ! evid5ce ( ^! witnesses z pr(anes w\ld be reject$1 & ! p>ty be acquitt$ = want ( pro(2 & ?us ! anomal\s & disgraceful spectacle w\ld pres5t itself--( a felon condemn$ & puni%$ by ! laws ( 8 c\ntry = an infam\s crime1 acquitt$ & su/a9$ by a lodge ( ,freemasons4 ,b we w be impress$ ) ! inexp$i5cy & inju/ice ( ?is pr9ciple1 :5 we look at its op]ation f ano!r po9t ( view4 ,x is said to be a bad rule t w n "w bo? ways2 &1 !re=e1 if ! te/imony ( non-masonic witnesses aga9/ ! accus$ is reject$ on ! gr\nd ( inadmissibility1 x mu/ also be reject$ :5 giv5 9 8 favor4 ,n[1 if we suppose a case1 9 :i* a ,mason 0 accus$ be=e 8 lodge ( hav+ committ$ an (f5se1 at a c]ta9 "t & place1 &1 by ! te/imony ( "o or two dis9t]e/$ p]sons1 he c\ld e/abli% :at ! law calls an alibi1 t is1 t at t v "t he 0 at a f>-di/ant place1 & c\ld n1 !re=e1 h committ$ ! (f5se *>g$ aga9/ him1 we ask ) :at %[ ( ju/ice or reason c\ld su* te/imony be reject$1 simply because ! p>ties giv+ x 7 n ,masons8 ,b if ! evid5ce ( a pr(ane is admitt$ 9 favor ( ! accus$1 rebutt+ te/imony ( ! same k9d _c ) consi/5cy be reject$2 & h5ce ! rule is det]m9$ t 9 ! trial ( ,masons1 x is compet5t to receive ! evid5ce ( p]sons :o are n ,masons1 b ^: compet5cy1 9 o!r respects1 is n d5i$4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be not$1 t ! te/imony ( p]sons :o are n ,masons is n to be giv5 z t ( ,masons is1 )9 ! prec9cts ( ! lodge4 ,!y are n to be pres5t at ! trial2 & :atev] te/imony !y h to adduce1 mu/ be tak5 by a committee1 to be aft]w>ds accurately report$ to ! lodge4 ,b 9 all cases1 ! accus$ has a "r to be pres5t1 & to int]rogate ! witnesses4 ,! only rema9+ topic to be discuss$ is ! me?od ( tak+ ! te/imony1 & ?is c be easily dispos$ (4 ,! te/imony ( ,masons is to be tak5 ei!r 9 lodge or 9 committee1 & "u ! sanction ( _! obligations4 ,! te/imony ( pr(anes is always to be tak5 by a committee1 & on oa? adm9i/]$ by a compet5t legal (fic]--! mo/ conv5i5t way ( tak+ su* te/imony is by affidavit4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,( ! ,p5al ,jurisdiction ( a ,lodge4 ,! p5al jurisdiction ( a lodge is t jurisdiction :i* x is au?oriz$ to ex]cise = ! trial ( masonic (f5ses1 & ! infliction ( masonic puni%m5t4 ,x may be consid]$ z ei!r geographical or p]sonal4 ,! geographical jurisdiction ( a lodge ext5ds 9 e direction1 half way to ! ne>e/ lodge4 ,?us1 if two lodges be situat$ at ! di/ance ( sixte5 miles f ea* o!r1 !n ! p5al jurisdiction ( ea* w ext5d = ! space ( eight miles 9 ! direction ( ! o!r4 ,! p]sonal jurisdiction ( a lodge is t jurisdiction :i* a lodge may ex]cise ov] c]ta9 individuals1 respective or irrespective ( geographical jurisdiction4 ,?is jurisdiction is m complicat$ ?an ! o!r1 & requires a m detail$ enum]ation ( ! classes ov] :om x is to be ex]cis$4 #a4 ,a lodge ex]cises p5al jurisdiction ov] all its memb]s1 no matt] :]e !y may reside4 ,a removal f ! geographical jurisdiction w n1 9 ?is case1 release ! individual f p]sonal jurisdiction4 ,! allegiance ( a memb] to 8 lodge is indefeasible4 #b4 ,a lodge ex]cises p5al jurisdiction ov] all unaffiliat$ ,masons1 liv+ )9 its geographical jurisdiction4 ,an unaffiliat$ ,mason _c release himself f 8 responsibilities to ! ,ord]4 ,& if1 by immoral or disgraceful conduct1 he violates ! regulations ( ! ,ord]1 or t5ds to injure its reputation 9 ! e/imation ( ! community1 he is am5able to ! lodge ne>e/ to 8 place ( resid5ce1 :e!r ?is resid5ce be tempor>y or p]man5t1 & may be reprim&$1 susp5d$1 or expell$4 ,?is doctr9e is f\nd$ on ! :olesome reason1 t z a lodge is ! gu>dian ( ! purity & safety ( ! in/itution1 )9 its own jurisdiction1 x mu/1 to ex]cise ?is gu>dian%ip ) success1 be inve/$ ) ! p[] ( correct+ e evil t occurs )9 its prec9cts4 ,& if unaffiliat$ ,masons 7 exempt$ f ?is control1 ! in/itution might be s]i\sly affect$ 9 ! eyes ( ! community1 by _! bad conduct4 #c4 ,! p]sonal jurisdiction ( a lodge1 = ! same good reason1 ext5ds ov] all ,masons liv+ 9 its vic9ity4 ,a ,ma/] ,mason belong+ to a di/ant lodge1 b resid+ )9 ! geographical jurisdiction ( ano!r lodge1 becomes am5able = 8 conduct to ! latt]1 z well z to ! =m] lodge4 ,b if 8 own lodge is )9 a reasonable di/ance1 c\rtesy requires t ! lodge ne> :i* he resides %\ld r make a compla9t to 8 lodge ?an itself in/itute proce$+s aga9/ him4 ,b ! reputation ( ! ,ord] mu/ n be p]mitt$ to be endang]$1 & a case might occur1 9 :i* x w\ld be inexp$i5t to ext5d ?is c\rtesy1 & :]e ! lodge w\ld feel compell$ to proce$ to ! trial & puni%m5t ( ! (f5d]1 )\t appeal+ to 8 lodge4 ,! geographical jurisdiction w1 9 all cases1 legalize ! proce$+s4 #d4 ,b a lodge situat$ ne> ! conf9es ( a ,/ate _c ext5d its jurisdiction ov] ,masons resid+ 9 a neighbor+ ,/ate1 & n be+ its memb]s1 h[ev] ne> !y may reside to x3 = no lodge c ex]cise jurisdiction ov] ! memb]s ( ano!r ,gr& ,lodge jurisdiction4 ,its geographical1 z well z p]sonal jurisdiction1 c ext5d no fur!r ?an t ( its own ,gr& ,lodge4 #e4 ,la/ly1 no lodge c ex]cise p5al jurisdiction ov] its own ,ma/]1 = he is alone responsible = 8 conduct to ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,b x may act z 8 accus] be=e t body1 & impea* him = any (f5se t he may h committ$4 ,nei!r c a lodge ex]cise p5al jurisdiction ov] ! ,gr& ,ma/]1 al?\gh "u o!r circum/ances x might h bo? geographical & p]sonal jurisdiction ov] him1 f 8 resid5ce & memb]%ip4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,( ,appeals4 ,e ,mason1 :o has be5 tri$ & convict$ by a lodge1 has an inali5able "r to appeal f t conviction1 & f ! s5t5ce accompany+ x1 to ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,z an appeal always supposes ! necessity ( a review ( ! :ole case1 ! lodge is b\nd to furni% ! ,gr& ,lodge ) an atte/$ copy ( its proce$+s on ! trial1 & su* o!r te/imony 9 its possession z ! appellant may deem necess>y = 8 def5se4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge may1 ^u inve/igation1 confirm ! v]dict ( its subord9ate4 ,9 ?is case1 ! appeal is dismiss$1 & ! s5t5ce goes into imm$iate op]ation )\t any fur!r proce$+s on ! "p ( ! lodge4 ,! ,gr& ,lodge may1 h[ev]1 only approve 9 "p1 & may r$uce ! p5alty inflict$1 z = in/ance1 f expulsion to susp5sion4 ,9 ?is case1 ! orig9al s5t5ce ( ! lodge becomes void1 & ! mild] s5t5ce ( ! ,gr& ,lodge is to be put 9 =ce4 ,! same process w\ld take place1 7 ! ,gr& ,lodge to increase in/ead ( dim9i%+ ! am\nt ( puni%m5t1 z f susp5sion to expulsion4 ,= x is compet5t = ! ,gr& ,lodge1 on an appeal1 to augm5t1 r$uce or :olly abrogate ! p5alty inflict$ by its subord9ate4 ,b ! ,gr& ,lodge may take no direct action on ! p5alty inflict$1 b may simply ref] ! case back to ! subord9ate = a new trial4 ,9 ?is case1 ! proce$+s on ! trial w be comm5c$ de novo1 if ! ref]5ce has be5 made on ! gr\nd ( any in=mality or illegality 9 ! previ\s trial4 ,b if ! case is ref]r$ back1 n = a new trial1 b = fur!r consid]ation1 on ! gr\nd t ! puni%m5t 0 inadequate--ei!r too sev]e1 or n suffici5tly s--9 ?is case1 x is n necess>y to repeat ! trial4 ,! discussion on ! nature ( ! p5alty to be inflict$ %\ld1 h[ev]1 be review$1 & any new evid5ce calculat$ to ?r[ light on ! nature ( ! puni%m5t :i* is mo/ appropriate1 may be receiv$4 ,la/ly1 ! ,gr& ,lodge may entirely rev]se ! decision ( its subord9ate1 & decree a re/oration ( ! appellant to all 8 rights & privileges1 on ! gr\nd ( 8 innoc5ce ( ! *>ges :i* _h be5 pref]r$ aga9/ him4 ,b1 z ?is action is (t5 highly important 9 its results1 & places ! appellant & ! lodge 9 an entirely diff]5t relative position1 ,i h deem$ its consid]ation wor?y ( a di/9ct *apt]4 ,dur+ ! p5d5cy ( an appeal1 ! s5t5ce ( ! subord9ate lodge is held 9 abeyance1 & _c2 be en=c$4 ,! appellant 9 ?is case rema9s 9 ! position ( a ,mason "u *>ges4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,( ,re/oration4 ,! p5alties ( susp5sion & expulsion are t]m9at$ by re/oration1 :i* may take place ei!r by ! action ( ! lodge :i* inflict$ !m1 or by t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge4 ,re/oration f def9ite susp5sion is t]m9at$ )\t any special action ( ! lodge1 b simply by ! t]m9ation ( ! p]iod = :i* ! p>ty 0 susp5d$4 ,he !n at once re5t]s into ! possession ( all ! rights1 b5efits1 & functions1 f :i* he _h be5 tempor>ily susp5d$4 ,i h myself no d\bt ( ! correctness ( ?is pr9ciple2 b1 z x has be5 d5i$ by "s writ]s1 al?\gh a v l>ge majority ( ! au?orities are 9 its favor1 x may be well1 briefly1 to discuss its m]its4 ,let u suppose t on ! #a/ ( ,janu>y ,a4,b4 _h be5 susp5d$ = ?ree mon?s1 t is1 until ! #a/ day ( ,april4 ,at ! end ( ! ?ree mon?s1 t is to say1 on ! fir/ ( ,april1 ,a4,b4 w\ld no long] be a susp5d$ memb]--= ! puni%m5t decre$ w h be5 endur$2 & z ! s5t5ce ( ! lodge _h expressly decl>$ t 8 susp5sion 0 to la/ until ! #a/ ( ,april1 ! said s5t5ce1 if x means any?+1 mu/ mean t ! susp5sion 01 on ! said #a/ ( ,april1 to cease & det]m9e4 ,if he 71 !re=e1 to wait until ! #a/ ( ,may = ! action ( ! lodge1 decl>+ 8 re/oration1 he w\ld suff] a puni%m5t ( f\r mon?s' susp5sion1 :i* 0 n decre$ by 8 lodge ^u 8 trial1 & :i* w\ld1 !re=e1 be manife/ly unju/ & illegal4 ,aga93 if ! (f5se :i* he _h committ$ 01 ^u 8 trial1 f\nd to be s slight z to dem& only a dismissal = "o night f ! lodge1 w x be cont5d$ t1 on 8 leav+ ! lodge-room pursuant to 8 s5t5ce1 he leaves n to return to x on ! succe$+ communication1 unless a vote %\ld p]mit him8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,8 puni%m5t ( dismissal = "o night _h be5 execut$2 & on ! succe$+ night he re5t]$ into ! possession ( all 8 rights4 ,b if he c d s aft] a dismissal or susp5sion ( "o night1 :y n aft] "o or ?ree1 six or twelve mon?s8 ,! "t is ext5d$1 b ! pr9ciple rema9s ! same4 ,b ! doctr9e1 t aft] ! expiration ( ! t]m ( a def9ite susp5sion1 an action by ! lodge is /ill necess>y to a complete re/oration1 is capable ( produc+ mu* mis*ief & oppression4 ,=1 if ! lodge n only has a "r1 b is "u ! necessity ( tak+ up ! case anew1 & decid+ :e!r ! p]son :o _h be5 susp5d$ = ?ree mon?s1 & ^: p]iod ( susp5sion has expir$1 %all n[ be re/or$1 x foll[s1 t ! memb]s ( ! lodge1 9 ! c\rse ( _! inquiry1 are p]mitt$ to come to su* conclusion z !y may ?9k j & fit2 = to say t !y1 aft] all _! delib]ations1 are1 to vote only 9 "o way1 w\ld be too absurd to require any consid]ation4 ,!y may1 !re=e1 decide t ,a4,b41 hav+ und]gone ! s5t5ce ( ! lodge1 %all be re/or$1 & !n ( c\rse all w\ld be well1 & no m is to be said4 ,b suppose t !y decide o!rwise1 & say t ,a4,b41 hav+ und]gone ! s5t5ce ( susp5sion ( ?ree mon?s1 %all n be re/or$1 b mu/ rema9 susp5d$ until fur!r ord]s4 ,"h1 !n1 a p>ty w\ld h be5 puni%$ a second "t = ! same (f5se1 & t1 too1 aft] hav+ suff]$ :at1 at ! "t ( 8 conviction1 0 suppos$ to be a compet5t puni%m5t--& )\t a trial1 & )\t ! necess>y opportunities ( def5se1 aga9 f\nd guilty1 & 8 comp>atively light puni%m5t ( susp5sion = ?ree mon?s *ang$ into a sev]] "o1 & ( an indef9ite p]iod4 ,! annals ( ! mo/ arbitr>y gov]nm5t 9 ! _w--! hi/ory ( ! mo/ despotic tyrant t ev] liv$--c\ld n %[ an in/ance ( m unpr9cipl$ violation ( law & ju/ice ?an ?is4 ,& yet x may naturally be ! result ( ! doctr9e1 t 9 a s5t5ce ( def9ite susp5sion1 ! p>ty c be re/or$ only by a vote ( ! lodge at ! expiration ( 8 t]m ( susp5sion4 ,if ! lodge c re/ore him1 x c z well refuse to re/ore him1 & to refuse to re/ore him w\ld be to inflict a new puni%m5t ^u him = an old & aton$-= (f5se4 ,on ! #a/ ( ,janu>y1 = in/ance1 ,a4,b41 hav+ be5 put ^u 8 trial1 witnesses hav+ be5 exam9$1 8 def5se hav+ be5 he>d1 0 f\nd guilty by 8 lodge ( "s (f5se1 ! enormity ( :i*1 :atev] x might be1 seem$ to require a susp5sion f ,masonry = j ?ree mon?s1 nei!r m nor less4 ,if ! lodge _h ?\ght ! crime /ill great]1 x w\ld1 ( c\rse1 we presume1 h decre$ a susp5sion ( six1 n9e1 or twelve mon?s4 ,b consid]+1 aft] a fair1 imp>tial1 & compet5t inve/igation ( ! m]its ( ! case 7= all ?is is to be presum$71 t ! (f5d$ law w\ld be satisfi$ ) a susp5sion ( ?ree mon?s1 t puni%m5t is decre$4 ,! c\rt is adj\rn$ s9e die2 = x has done all t is requir$--! prison] und]goes 8 s5t5ce ) becom+ contrition1 & ! "t hav+ expir$1 ! bond hav+ be5 paid1 & ! debt satisfi$1 he is told t he mu/ aga9 und]go ! ordeal ( ano!r trial1 be=e ano!r c\rt1 be=e he c reassume :at 0 only tak5 f him = a def9ite p]iod2 & t x is /ill d\btful1 :e!r ! s5t5ce ( ! =m] c\rt may n ev5 n[1 aft] its accompli%m5t1 be rev]s$1 & a new & m sev]e "o be inflict$4 ,! analogy ( a p]son :o has be5 s5t5c$ to imprisonm5t = a c]ta9 p]iod1 & :o1 on ! expiration ( t p]iod1 is at once releas$1 has be5 ref]r$ to1 z apposite to ! case ( a def9ite susp5sion4 ,/ill m appropriately may we ref] to ! case ( a p]son transport$ = a t]m ( ye>s1 & :o _c return until t t]m expires1 b :o is at lib]ty at once to d s :5 x has expir$4 ,ano!r capital (f5se aga9/ public ju/ice1 says ,black/one1 is ! return+ f transportation1 or be+ se5 at l>ge 9 ,great ,brita9 be=e ! expiration ( ! t]m = :i* ! (f5d] 0 s5t5c$ to be transport$4 ,m>k ^! qualify+ words3 be=e ! expiration ( ! t]m3 !y include1 f ! v =ce ( language1 ! proposition t x is no (f5se to return aft] ! expiration ( ! t]m4 ,& s *ang+ c]ta9 words to meet ! *ange ( circum/ances1 b leav+ ! pr9ciple un*ang$1 we may lay d[n ! law 9 relation to re/orations f def9ite susp5sions1 z foll[s3 ,x is an (f5se aga9/ ! masonic code to claim ! privileges ( ,masonry1 or to attempt to visit a lodge aft] hav+ be5 susp5d$1 be=e ! expiration ( ! t]m = :i* ! (f5d] 0 susp5d$4 ,( c\rse1 x is no crime to resume ^! privileges aft] ! t]m has expir$2 = surely he mu/ h /range notions ( ! p[]s ( language1 :o supposes t susp5sion = ?ree mon?s1 & no m1 does n mean1 t :5 ! ?ree mon?s are ov] ! susp5sion ceases4 ,&1 if ! susp5sion ceases1 ! p]son is no long] susp5d$2 &1 if no long] susp5d$ he is 9 good /&+1 & requires no fur!r action to re/ore him to good moral & masonic heal?4 ,b x is said t1 al?\gh orig9ally only susp5d$ = ?ree mon?s1 at ! expiration ( t p]iod1 8 conduct might cont9ue to be su* z to r5d] 8 re/oration a cause ( public reproa*4 ,:at is to be done 9 su* a case8 ,x seems /range t ! "q %\ld be ask$4 ,! rem$y is only too app>5t4 ,let new *>ges be pref]r$1 & let a new trial take place = 8 d]elictions ( duty dur+ ! t]m ( 8 susp5sion4 ,!n1 ! lodge may aga9 susp5d him = a /ill long] p]iod1 or altoge!r expel him1 if x f9ds him des]v+ su* puni%m5t4 ,b 9 ! "n ( ju/ice1 law1 & common s5se1 d n insidu\sly & unmanfully cont9ue a s5t5ce = "o & a =m] (f5se1 z a puni%m5t = ano!r & a lat] "o1 & t1 too1 )\t ! due =ms ( trial4 ,let u1 9 ?is case1 g aga9 = an analogy to ! laws ( ! l&4 ,suppose an (f5d] _h be5 s5t5c$ to an imprisonm5t ( six mon?s = a l>c5y1 & t :ile 9 prison he _h committ$ "s new crime4 ,:5 ! six mon?s ( 8 s5t5ce _h expir$1 w\ld ! ,%]iff feel ju/ifi$1 or ev5 ! ,judge :o _h s5t5c$ him1 9 say+3 ,i w n release y2 y h guilty ( ano!r (f5se dur+ y\r inc>c]ation1 & !re=e1 ,i %all keep y conf9$ six mon?s long]8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,! ,%]iff or ! ,judge :o %\ld d s high-h&$ a measure1 w\ld soon f9d himself made responsible = ! violation ( private rights4 ,b ! c\rse to be pursu$ w\ld be1 to arre/ him = ! new (f5se1 give him a fair trial1 &1 if convict$ aga91 imprison or o!rwise puni% him1 accord+ to 8 new s5t5ce1 or1 if acquitt$1 dis*>ge him4 ,! same c\rse %\ld be pursu$ ) a ,mason ^: conduct dur+ ! p]iod ( 8 susp5sion has be5 liable to reproa* or suspicion4 ,masons h rights z well z citiz5s--e "o is to be consid]$ innoc5t until he is prov$ guilty--& no "o %\ld suff] puni%m5t1 ev5 ( ! lighte/ k9d1 except aft] an imp>tial trial by 8 pe]s4 ,b ! case ( an indef9ite susp5sion is diff]5t4 ,"h no p>ticul> "t has be5 appo9t$ = ! t]m9ation ( ! puni%m5t4 ,x may be cont9u$ dur+ life1 unless ! c\rt :i* has pron\nc$ x ?9k prop] to give a det]m9ate p]iod to :at 0 be=e indet]m9ate1 & to decl>e t on su* a day ! susp5sion %all cease1 & ! (f5d] be re/or$4 ,9 a case ( ?is k9d1 action on ! "p ( ! lodge is necess>y to effect a re/oration4 ,su* a s5t5ce be+ int5d$ to la/ indef9itely--t is to say1 dur+ ! pleasure ( ! lodge--may1 ,i conceive1 be rev]s$ at any legal "t1 & ! individual re/or$ by a m]e majority vote ! ( lodge4 ,"s au?orities ?9k a vote ( two-?irds necess>y2 b ,i see no reason :y a lodge may n1 9 ?is z 9 o!r cases1 rev]se its decision by a vote ( a simple majority4 ,! ,anci5t ,con/itutions are completely sil5t on ?is & all its k9dr$ po9ts2 &1 !re=e1 :]e a ,gr& ,lodge has made no local regulation on ! subject1 we mu/ be guid$ by ! pr9ciples ( reason & analogy1 bo? ( :i* direct u to ! conclusion t a lodge may express its w1 9 matt]s unregulat$ by ! ,con/itutions1 ?r\gh ! vote ( a majority4 ,b ! re/oration ( an expell$ ,mason requires a diff]5t action4 ,by expulsion1 z ,i h already said1 all connection ) ! ,ord] is completely sev]$4 ,! individual expell$ ceases to be a ,mason1 s f> z respects ! ex]cise ( any masonic rights or privileges4 ,8 re/oration to ! ,ord] is1 !re=e1 equival5t to ! admission ( a pr(ane4 ,hav+ ceas$ on 8 expulsion to be a memb] ( ! lodge :i* _h expell$ him1 8 re/oration w\ld be ! admission ( a new memb]4 ,! expell$ ,mason & ! un9itiat$ c&idate are to be plac$ on ! same foot+--bo? are equally unconnect$ ) ! in/itution--! "o hav+ nev] be5 9 x1 & ! o!r hav+ be5 completely dis*>g$ f x4 ,! rule = ! admission ( new memb]s1 z laid d[n 9 ! ,?irty-n9e ,regulations1 seems to me1 !re=e1 to be applicable 9 ?is case2 & h5ce1 ,i conceive t to rev]se a s5t5ce ( expulsion & to re/ore an expell$ ,mason w require z unanim\s a vote z t :i* is necess>y on a ballot = initiation4 ,e action tak5 by a lodge = re/oration mu/ be done at a /at$ communication & aft] due notice1 t if any memb] %\ld h good & suffici5t reasons to urge aga9/ ! re/oration1 he may h an opportunity to pres5t !m4 ,9 conclusion1 ! ,gr& ,lodge may re/ore a susp5d$ or expell$ ,mason1 contr>y to ! wi%es ( ! lodge4 ,9 su* case1 if ! p>ty has be5 susp5d$ only1 he1 at once1 resumes 8 place & functions 9 ! lodge1 f :i*1 inde$1 he _h only be5 tempor>ily dissev]$4 ,b 9 ! case ( ! re/oration ( an expell$ ,mason to ! rights & privileges ( ,masonry1 by a ,gr& ,lodge1 does su* re/oration re/ore him to memb]%ip 9 8 lodge8 ,?is "q is an important "o1 & has v g5]ally be5 decid$ 9 ! negative by ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ?is c\ntry4 ,b z ,i un=tunately diff] f ^! high au?orities1 ,i _c refra91 z an apology = ?is diff]5ce ( op9ion1 f pres5t+ ! consid]ations :i* h l$ me to ! conclusion :i* ,i h adopt$4 ,i _c1 x is true1 9 ! face ( ! mass ( oppos+ au?ority1 (f] ?is conclusion z masonic law4 ,b ,i w\ld fa9 hope t ! "t is n f> di/ant :5 x w become s1 by ! *ange on ! "p ( ,gr& ,lodges ( ! contr>y decisions :i* !y h made4 ,! g5]al op9ion 9 ?is c\ntry is1 t :5 a ,mason has be5 expell$ by 8 lodge1 ! ,gr& ,lodge may re/ore him to ! rights & privileges1 b _c re/ore him to memb]%ip 9 8 lodge4 ,my own op9ion1 9 contradiction to ?is1 is1 t :5 a ,gr& ,lodge re/ores an expell$ ,mason1 on ! gr\nd t ! puni%m5t ( expulsion f ! rights & privileges ( ,masonry 0 too sev]e & disproportion$ to ! (f5se1 x may or may n re/ore him to memb]%ip 9 8 lodge4 ,x might1 = in/ance1 refuse to re/ore 8 memb]%ip on ! gr\nd t exclusion f 8 lodge is an appropriate puni%m5t2 b :]e ! decision ( ! lodge z to ! guilt ( ! individual is rev]s$1 & ! ,gr& ,lodge decl>es him to be innoc5t1 or t ! *>ge aga9/ him has n be5 prov$1 !n ,i hold1 t x is compell$ by a j reg>d to ! rights ( ! expell$ memb] to re/ore him n only to ! rights & privileges ( ,masonry1 b also to memb]%ip 9 8 lodge4 ,i _c conceive h[ a ,bro!r1 ^: innoc5ce has be5 decl>$ by ! v]dict ( 8 ,gr& ,lodge1 c be depriv$ ( 8 ve/$ rights z ! memb] ( a p>ticul> lodge1 )\t a violation ( ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice4 ,if guilty1 let 8 expulsion /&2 b1 if innoc5t1 let him be plac$ 9 ! same position 9 :i* he 0 be=e ! passage ( ! unju/ s5t5ce ( ! lodge :i* has be5 rev]s$4 ,! :ole error1 = su* ,i conceive x to be1 9 relation to ?is "q ( re/oration to memb]%ip1 arises1 ,i suppose1 f a misappreh5sion ( an anci5t regulation1 :i* says t no man c be ent]$ a ,bro!r 9 any p>ticul> lodge1 or admitt$ a memb] !re(1 )\t ! unanim\s cons5t ( all ! memb]s--:i* inh]5t privilege is said n to be subject to disp5sation1 le/ a turbul5t memb] %\ld ?us be impos$ ^u !m1 :i* might spoil _! h>mony1 or h9d] ! fre$om ( _! communication1 or ev5 break & disp]se ! ,lodge4 ,b x %\ld be rememb]$ t ?is regulation altoge!r ref]s to ! admission ( new memb]s1 & n to ! re/oration ( old ones--to ! grant+ ( a favor :i* ! c&idate solicits1 & :i* ! lodge may or may n1 9 its own good pleasure1 see fit to conf]1 & n to ! resumption ( a ve/$ & already acquir$ "r1 :i*1 if x be a "r1 no lodge c )hold4 ,! practical work+ ( ?is sy/em ( incomplete re/oration1 9 a by no means extreme case1 w readily %[ its absurdity & inju/ice4 ,a memb] hav+ appeal$ f expulsion by 8 lodge to ! ,gr& ,lodge1 t body calmly & fairly inve/igates ! case4 ,x f9ds t ! appellant has be5 falsely accus$ ( an (f5se :i* he has nev] committ$2 t he has be5 unfairly tri$1 & unju/ly convict$4 ,x decl>es him innoc5t--cle>ly & und\bt$ly innoc5t1 & f> fre] f any sort ( condemnation ?an ! prejudic$ jurors :o convict$ him4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 x becomes obligatory t ! ,gr& ,lodge %\ld re/ore him to ! place he =m]ly occupi$1 & re9ve/ him ) ! rights ( :i* he has be5 unju/ly despoil$4 ,b t x _c d4 ,x may re/ore him to ! privileges ( ,masonry 9 g5]al2 b1 innoc5t ?\gh he be1 ! ,gr& ,lodge1 9 def]5ce to ! prejudices ( 8 ,bre?r51 mu/ p]petuate a wrong1 & puni% ?is innoc5t p]son by expulsion f 8 lodge4 ,i _c1 ,i d>e n1 :ile ,i rememb] ! et]nal pr9ciples ( ju/ice1 subscribe to s mon/r\s an ex]cise ( wrong--s flagrant an outrage ^u private rights4 ,index4 ,a4 ,accus$1 to :at he is entitl$ ,act pass$ 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,vi41 anno #adbe x 0 nev] en=c$ ,actual ,pa/ ,ma/]1 t]m def9$ ,adj\rnm5t1 a t]m n recogniz$ 9 ,masonry motion =1 _c be ent]ta9$ ,affiliat$ ,masons only1 c visit lodges ,affiliation1 :at x is mode ( requires unanimity ,ma/] ,masons only entitl$ to x reject$ application =1 may be r5ew$ 9 o!r lodges may be made ) m ?an "o lodge ,age1 qualifications ( c&idates z to ,appeal f ,gr& ,ma/] n p]mitt$ n to be ent]ta9$ 9 a lodge _c be tak5 f ! *air doctr9e (1 discuss$ f ! ,ma/]1 mu/ be to ! ,gr& ,lodge e ,mason has a "r to "o1 to ! ,gr& ,lodge p5d+ "o1 ! s5t5ce is 9 abeyance ,appr5tices1 rights ( 7see ,ent]$ ,appr5tice7 ,arre>s1 non-paym5t ( to lodges1 hi/ory ( _! orig9 d n accrue dur+ susp5sion ,assembly1 g5]al-"o held 9 #bhg by ,/4 ,alban 9 #ibf at ,york gov]n$ ! craft = ne>ly #hjj ye>s h[ organiz$ ,a!i/ _c be a ,mason ,au?orities = masonic law ,b4 ,ballot+ = c&idates e memb] mu/ take a "p 9 x secrecy (1 inviolable mu/ be unanim\s ,mason irresponsible = x to ! lodge n disfran*is$ ( x by non-paym5t ( arre>s mode ( ,ballot+ 9 ea* degree n actually prescrib$ 9 ! anci5t con/itutions1 b impli$ mu/ be unanim\s ,ballot1 reconsid]ation ( motion =1 out ( ord] _c be grant$ by disp5sation ,black ball is ! bulw>k ( ,masonry ,bro!r1 a title to be always us$ 9 lodge ,burial1 masonic1 "r ( mu/ be reque/$ except = /rang]s ,ma/] ,masons only entitl$ to x disp5sation =1 n usually requir$ ,bus9ess1 ord] ( may be susp5d$ at any "t by ! ,ma/] ,by-laws mu/ be approv$ & confirm$ by ,gr& ,lodge ,c4 ,call+ f labor to refre%m5t ,c5sure1 a masonic puni%m5t ,c]tificates1 masonic ,*apla91 ,gr& 7see ,gr& ,*apla97 ,*>ges ( accusation1 h[ to be made ,clos+ lodge is at ! discretion ( ! ,ma/] ,committee ( inve/igation on "* ( c&idates ,committees to be appo9t$ by ! ,ma/] ,ma/] is *airman (1 :5 pres5t ,communication ( a lodge1 h[ t]m9at$ ,consecration ( a lodge h[ p]=m$ mean+ ( ,con/itut+ a lodge1 c]emony ( mean+ ( ,con/itutions1 h[ to be alt]$ ,go?ic1 adopt$ 9 #ibf1 ,corn1 w9e1 & oil1 masonic elem5ts ( consecration1 :y elem5ts1 ,crimes1 masonic1 def9ition (1 enum]ation ( ,d4 ,deacons1 two 9 ea* lodge1 are appo9t$ (fic]s1 n removable by ,ma/] or ,s5ior ,w>d5 ,gr& 7see ,gr& ,deacons7 ,d$ication ( a lodge1 h[ p]=m$ to :om1 & :y1 mean+ ( ,def9ite susp5sion re/oration f ,degrees1 no c&idate c receive m ?an two at "o communication ,demitt+ "r (1 n d5i$ until rec5tly1 regulations conc]n+ ( _m at "o "t may be refus$ ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]1 duties & pr]ogatives ( (fice (1 n v anci5t ex]cises pr]ogatives ( ,gr& ,ma/] 9 8 abs5ce _c be m ?an "o orig9ally appo9t$ by ,gr& ,ma/] ,discussions1 h[ to be conduct$ 9 lodge1 ,disp5sation :at & :]e to be grant$ = a lodge t5ure ( its duration diff]5ce f a ,w>rant ,di/rict ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]1 a mod]n inv5tion ,dotage a disqualification ( c&idates mean+ ( ! t]m ,dues to lodges1 a mod]n usage non-paym5t (1 does n disqualify f vot+ = c&idates ,e4 ,em]g5cy1 rule ^u ! subject ,ent]$ ,appr5tice1 rights ( =m]ly a memb] ( 8 lodge =m]ly p]mitt$ to att5d ! ,gr& ,communications may sit 9 a lodge ( 8 degree _c speak or vote _c be depriv$ ( 8 rights )\t trial aft] trial may appeal to ! ,gr& ,lodge ,erasure f lodge1 a masonic puni%m5t ,evid5ce 9 masonic trials ,exam9ation ( visitors h[ to be conduct$ ,exclusion1 a masonic puni%m5t ,executive p[]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge ,expulsion is masonic dea? ,expulsion1 a masonic puni%m5t %\ld be inflict$ by ,gr& ,lodge or ) its approval f high] degrees1 its effect re/oration f ,ext9ct lodges1 funds (1 rev]t to ! ,gr& ,lodge ,f4 ,family di/ress$1 ( a ,mason1 entitl$ to relief ,fell[ ,craft1 rights ( !y =m]ly con/itut$ ! great body ( ! ,frat]nity =m]ly p]mitt$ to speak1 b n vote ,f9i%+ c&idates ( "o lodge 9 ano!r ,fool _c be a ,mason ,free1 a c&idate mu/ be1 at ! "t ( mak+ ,free-born1 a ,mason mu/ be reason = ! rule ,funds ( ext9ct lodges rev]t to ! ,gr& ,lodge ,g4 ,g5]al ,assembly4 7,see ,assembly1 ,g5]al47 ,god1 belief 91 a qualification ( a c&idate ,go?ic con/itutions adopt$ 9 #ibf ,gr& ,*apla91 (fice e/abli%$ 9 #agge duties ( ,gr& ,deacons (fice m anci5t ?an ,oliv] supposes duties ( h[ appo9t$ ,gr& ,lodge held 9 #agag mode ( organiz+ "o ?ree lodges necess>y to organize "o dormant may be reviv$ if a ,gr& ,(fic] rema9s1 all ! ,craft =m]ly memb]s ( ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ( lodges are memb]s ,gr& ,(fic]s are also memb]s ,pa/ ,ma/]s are n memb]s by inh]5t "r its p[]s & pr]ogatives may make new regulations mu/ obs]ve ! l&m>ks ,gr& ,lodges1 hi/orical sket* ( are comp>atively mod]n in/itutions ,gr& ,m>%al appo9t$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/] duties ( ,gr& ,ma/]1 duties & pr]ogatives ( (fice ( has exi/$ s9ce ! orig9 ( ,masonry an elective (fic] by :om to be in/all$ pr]ogatives (1 d]iv$ f two s\rces no appeal f 8 decision may conv5e ,gr& ,lodge :5 he *ooses entitl$ to two votes h[ to be puni%$ may grant disp5sations ,gr& ,ma/] may make ,masons at sight may con/itute new lodges _c disp5se ) requisite =ms 9 mak+ ,masons 8 own lodge _c ex]cise jurisdiction ov] him ,gr& ,pursuivant ,gr& ,secret>y (fice ( e/abli%$ 9 #agbc duties ( ,gr& ,secret>y1 may appo9t an assi/ant ,gr& ,/ew>ds fir/ m5tion$ 9 #agba duties ( appo9t$ by ,junior ,gr& ,w>d5 ,gr& ,/ew>ds' ,lodge ,gr& ,sword-,be>] duties ( (fice (1 con/itut$ 9 #agca ,gr& ,til] (fice (1 mu/ h exi/$ f ! e>lie/ times mu/ n be a memb] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge sometimes appo9t$1 & sometimes elect$ ,gr& ,treasur] (fice (1 e/abli%$ 9 #agbd duties ( has always be5 elect$ ,gr& ,w>d5s orig9ally appo9t$ by ! ,gr& ,ma/] succe$ ! ,gr& ,ma/] & ,deputy ,h4 ,h]esy n a masonic crime ,high] degrees1 effect ( expulsion f ,hi/orical sket* ,i4 ,idiot _c be made a ,mason ,impo/or1 h[ to be treat$ 9 exam9ation ,incompet5t witnesses1 :o !y are ,indef9ite susp5sion re/oration f ,innovations _c be made 9 ! body ( ,masonry ,insanity1 if p]fectly cur$1 no disqualification ( a c&idate ,in/allation :5ce ! t]m d]iv$ necess>y to legal exi/5ce ( an (fic] ( a ,ma/] ( a lodge ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] ,in/ruction ( repres5tatives1 "r (1 is ve/$ 9 a lodge ,inve/igation ( "* mu/ be by a committee ,irreligi\s lib]t9e _c be a ,mason def9ition ( ! t]m ,j4 ,judicial p[]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge1 ,junior ,gr& ,w>d5 ,junior ,w>d51 presides 9 abs5ce ( ,ma/] & ,s5ior ,w>d51 does n take ! ,we/ 9 abs5ce ( ,s5ior ,w>d51 presides ov] ! craft dur+ refre%m5t appo9ts ! /ew>ds ,jurisdiction ( a lodge geographical or p]sonal is ov] all its memb]s unaffiliat$ ,masons 9 its vic9ity _c ext5d beyond ,/ate l9es1 none ov] its ,ma/] ,k4 ,k ( read+ & writ+ necess>y to a ,mason ,l4 ,labor1 call+ f1 to refre%m5t ,l&m>ks1 :at !y are1 ritual & legislative mu/ be obs]v$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge ,law ( ,gr& ,lodges subord9ate lodges individuals ,lawful in=mation1 :at x is ,laws1 h[ to be int]pret$ ( ,masonry are ( two k9ds--writt5 & unwritt5 writt51 :5ce d]iv$ unwritt51 :5ce d]iv$ same z anci5t usage ,legislative p[]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge ,lib]t9e1 irreligi\s1 _c be a ,mason mean+ ( ! t]m ,lodge1 subord9ate def9ition ( h[ organiz$ mu/ h be5 congregat$ by "s sup]ior au?ority ,lodge1 "u disp5sation def9ition ( g5]ally prec$es a w>rant$ lodge h[ =m$ _c make by-laws _c elect (fic]s _c in/all (fic]s _c elect memb]s ,lodge1 w>rant$ its p[]s & rights mu/ be consecrat$ mu/ be d$icat$ mu/ be con/itut$ its (fic]s mu/ be in/all$ c]emony ( in/allation 9 its p[]s are inh]5t 9 x its res]v$ rights are secur$ by ! regulations an assembly ( ! craft 9 _! prim>y capacity may select its own memb]s elects its own (fic]s :at (fic]s (1 are elect$ 9 ,engl& may in/all its (fic]s ,ma/] (1 mu/ be in/all$ by a pa/ ,ma/] may be repres5t$ 9 ! ,gr& ,lodge repres5tatives ( may in/ruct its repres5tatives may frame by-laws may susp5d or exclude a memb] may decl>e a memb] expell$1 ! s5t5ce to be approv$ by ! ,gr& ,lodge may levy annual contributions may select its "n _c select its numb] duties ( _c alt] ! ritual mu/ elect (fic]s at a p>ticul> "t ,lodge1 w>rant$1 _c int]f]e ) bus9ess ( ano!r lodge _c initiate )\t previ\s notice _c conf] m ?an two degrees on ! same c&idate at "o "t _c make m ?an five new ,bro!rs at ! same "t mu/ meet once a mon? neglect+ to meet =feits its w>rant _c remove f ! t[n1 )\t ! cons5t ( ! ,gr& ,lodge may remove f "o "p ( ! t[n to ano!r1 "u re/rictions (fic]s ( ,m4 ,madm5 _c be ,masons ,maims1 h[ f> disqualify+ c&idates reason = ! rule relat+ to ,mass meet+ ( ! craft _c organize a ,gr& ,lodge ,ma/]1 ,gr&4 7,see ,gr& ,ma/]47 ,ma/] ,mason1 rights ( becomes a memb] by sign+ ! by-laws h[ ?is "r is =feit$ may apply to any lodge = memb]%ip to :om subject = discipl9e may speak & vote on all que/ions may hold any (fice to :i* elect$ b to s]ve z ,ma/] mu/ h be5 a ,w>d5 may appeal to ! ,gr& ,lodge may visit any lodge1 aft] exam9ation ,ma/] ( a lodge mu/ h previ\sly s]v$ z ,w>d5 mu/ see ,gr& ,lodge regulations en=c$ mu/ be in/all$ by a ,pa/ ,ma/] has ! w>rant 9 *>ge may call special meet+s ( 8 lodge may close 8 lodge at any "t presides ov] bus9ess z well z labor is supreme 9 8 lodge ,ma/] ( a lodge1 no appeal f 8 decision except to ,gr& ,lodge moral qualifications ( intellectual qualifications ( :o is to judge ( !m is a memb] ( ! ,gr& ,lodge may exclude a memb] tempor>ily ,memb]%ip1 "r ( ,memb]s ( ,gr& ,lodge are ,ma/]s & ,w>d5s ) ! ,gr& ,(fic]s ,m9utes1 :5 to be read h[ to be am5d$ n to be read at special communications =mula = keep+ ,moral law1 :at x is a ,mason mu/ obey x ,motions1 :5 to be ent]ta9$ ,n4 ,"n ( a lodge to be select$ by itself ,non-resid5ts1 initiation ( ,numb] ( a lodge regulates its prec$5cy ( c&idates to be initiat$ at "o communication ,o4 ,(fice1 c be vacat$ only by dea?1 removal1 or expulsion n vacat$ by susp5sion ,(fic]s ( a ,gr& ,lodge subord9ate lodge w>rant$ lodge mu/ be in/all$ h[ to be in/all$ "t ( election det]m9$ by ,gr& ,lodge elect$ annually vacancies 91 h[ to be suppli$ _c resign ,ord]1 rules ( :5ce d]iv$ ,p4 ,p>liam5t>y law n applicable to ,masonry ,pa/ ,ma/]s rights ( n memb]s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge by inh]5t "r may in/all _! successors ( two k9ds--actual & virtual may preside 9 a lodge eligible to election to ! *air entitl$ to a seat 9 ! ,ea/ eligible to be elect$ ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]1 or ,gr& ,w>d5 virtual1 _c be pres5t at in/all+ a ,ma/] ,p5al jurisdiction ( a lodge ,p]fect y\?1 mean+ ( ! t]m ,p]fection1 physical1 :y requir$ ( a c&idate ,petition ( c&idate mu/ be read at a regul> communication ref]r$ to a committee ( ?ree report$ on at next regul> communication report on1 _c be made at a special communication r5ewal (1 9 case ( rejection h[ to be r5ew$1 if reject$ = advancem5t to a high] degree if reject$1 h[ to be r5ew$ ,petition]s1 n less ?an sev5 to =m a lodge :at !y mu/ set =? mu/ be recomm5d$ by ne>e/ lodge ,political (f5ses n cognizable by a lodge ,political qualifications ( c&idates ,po/pon$ bus9ess1 :5 to be call$ up ,prec$5cy ( lodges1 regulat$ by _! numb]s ,presid+ 9 a lodge1 :o has ! "r ( (fic]1 has ! pr]ogatives ( ! ,ma/]1 = ! "t ,previ\s "q1 unkn[n 9 ,masonry ,probation ( c&idates = initiation = advancem5t ,proce$+s ( a regul> communication _c be am5d$ at a special "o ,pr(anes1 te/imony (1 h[ to be tak5 9 trials ,pr(ici5cy ( c&idates ,pr(ici5cy ( c&idates1 mu/ be suitable ,puni%m5ts1 masonic ,pursuivant1 a title equival5t to ,sword-,be>] ,q4 ,qualifications ( a ,ma/] ( a lodge ( c&idates1 moral religi\s physical intellectual political1 #ahd ,qu>t]ly communications ( ,gr& ,lodge1 ord]$ 9 #agag ,"q1 h[ to be tak5 on a motion ,r4 ,read+1 a qualification ( c&idates ,recomm5dation ( ne>e/ lodge1 necess>y to =m a new "o ( c&idate1 mu/ be by two memb]s ,reconsid]ation ( ballot motion =1 is out ( ord]1 _c be grant$ by disp5sation ,reject$ c&idate _c apply to any o!r lodge r5ew$ petition (1 :5 to be made1 ,relief1 "r ( claim+ x unwor?y ,masons n entitl$ to x ,religion ( a ,mason1 :at x is requir$ to be ,religi\s (f5ses n cognizable by a lodge ,removal ( a lodge1 rule on ! subject ( ,repres5tatives ( a lodge1 :o !y are ,reprim&1 a masonic puni%m5t ,re/oration f def9ite susp5sion indef9ite sup5sion expulsion mu/ be at a /at$ communication may be by ,gr& ,lodge requires a unanim\s vote to memb]%ip discuss$ ,s4 ,secret>y1 ,gr&4 7,see ,gr& ,secret>y47 ( a lodge 8 duty is a record+1 correspond+1 & receiv+ (fic] is a *eck ^u ! treasur] (t5 receives comp5sation 9 case ( dea?1 or expulsion1 a successor may be elect$ b n 9 case ( removal1 or sickness ,s5ior ,gr& ,w>d54 7,see ,gr& ,w>d5s47 ,s5ior ,w>d5 presides 9 abs5ce ( ,ma/] may invite a ,pa/ ,ma/] to preside presides ov] ! craft dur+ labor appo9ts ! ,junior ,deacon ,s5t5ce 9 trials1 h[ to be obta9$ ---- is 9 abeyance p5d+ an appeal ,/ew>ds1 ,gr&4 7,see ,gr& ,/ew>ds47 ( a lodge appo9t$ by ,junior ,w>d5 duties ( n removable by ,junior ,w>d5 ,/rang]1 initiation ( ,susp5sion def9ite indef9ite ,sword ,be>]1 ,gr&4 7,see ,gr& ,sword ,be>]47 ,t4 ,te/imony1 h[ to be tak5 on masonic trials ,til]1 ,gr&4 7,see ,gr& ,til]47 ( a lodge (fice exi/$ f beg9n+ ( ! in/itution no lodge c be )\t "o mu/ be a wor?y ,ma/] ,mason if a memb]1 ! (fice does n disfran*ise him :5 vot+1 ,junior ,deacon takes 8 place may be remov$ = misconduct ,til]'s obligation1 =m ( x ,transi5t p]sons1 initiation ( ,treasur]1 ,gr&4 7,see ,gr& ,treasur]47 ( a lodge duties ( is ! only bank] ( ! lodge is a disburs+ (fic] a ,bro!r ( worldly sub/ance usually select$ 9 case ( dea?1 a successor may be elect$ b n 9 case ( sickness1 or removal ,trials1 masonic =m ( evid5ce 9 ,u4 ,unaffiliat$ ,masons tax sometimes levi$ on position1 rights1 & duties ( ,unaffiliation1 contr>y to ! _s ( ,masonry effect (1 on a ,mason ,unanimity 9 ! ballot requir$ by ! anci5t con/itutions ,un$ucat$ c&idates n =bidd5 by positive enactm5t _! admission oppos$ to ! _s ( ! in/itution ,v4 ,virtual ,pa/ ,ma/]s1 :o !y are ,visit1 "r ( only affiliat$ ,mason entitl$ to x mu/ be prec$$ by an exam9ation requires a c]tificate to insure x ,visitors1 exam9ation (1 describ$ mu/ take ! ,til]'s obligation ,vot+ mu/ always be by a %[ ( h&s ,vot+ 9 trials1 obligatory on all memb]s pres5t ,v\*] mu/ be a compet5t ,mason ,v\*+ = a visitor ,w4 ,w>d5s1 ,gr&4 7,see ,gr& ,w>d5s47 ( a lodge are assi/ants ( ! ,ma/] entitl$ to memb]%ip 9 ,gr& ,lodge ,w>d51 ,s5ior4 7,see ,s5ior ,w>d547 ,w>d51 ,junior4 7,see ,junior ,w>d547 ,w>rant ( con/itution :at x is its diff]5ce f a disp5sation c be revok$ only by ! ,gr& ,lodge conf]s p[]s ( in/allation & succession n necess>y be=e #agag _c be resign$ by a majority ( ! lodge ,w>rant$ lodges4 7,see ,lodges1 ,w>rant$47 ,witnesses 9 masonic trials1 qualifications ( def9ition ( incompet5t ones ,woman _c be made a ,mason ,writ+1 a qualification ( c&idates ,y4 ,yeas & nays1 call+ =1 unmasonic ,"y man "u age _c be made a ,mason ,y\?1 p]fect1 mean+ ( ! t]m ,footnotes #a ,!y w be f\nd 9 ,oliv]'s edition ( ,pre/on1 p4 #ga1 note1 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #eh71 or 9 ! ,am]ican edition by ,ri*>ds1 ,app5dix i41 note #e4 #b ,f\nd 9 ,ol4 ,pre/on1 n4 #c 7p4 #afb4 ,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #acd74 #c ,9 all ref]5ces to1 or citations f1 ,&]son's ,con/itutions1 ,i h us$1 unless o!rwise /at$1 ! fir/ edition pr9t$ at ,london 9 #agbc--;a fac simile ( :i* has rec5tly be5 publi%$ by ,bro4 ,john ,w4 ,leon>d1 ( ,new ,york4 ,i h1 h[ev]1 9 my possession ! subsequ5t editions ( #agch1 #agee1 & #agfg1 & h sometimes collat$ !m toge!r4 #d ,! ,go?ic ,con/itutions are t code ( laws :i* 0 adopt$ by ! ,g5]al ,assembly at ,york1 9 ! ye> #ibf4 ,!y are no long] extant1 b portions ( !m h be5 pres]v$ by ,&]son1 ,pre/on1 & o!r writ]s4 #e ,pre/on1 book iv41 sec1 #b41 p4 #acb1 n4 7,u4,m4,l41vol4 iii41 p4 #aji74 #f ,g5]al ,regulations1 art4 xxxix4 #g ,*ancellor ,walwor?1 9 8 pr(\nd argum5t on ! ,new ,york difficulties1 ass]t$ t ?is fact does n di/9ctly appe>1 al?\gh x is1 pretty evid5t t all vot$4--p4 #cc4 ,! language ( ,&]son does n1 h[ev]1 admit ( a %ad[ ( a d\bt4 ,! ,bre?r51 he says1 by a majority ( h&s1 elect$1 c4 #h ,op9ion ( ,*ancellor ,walwor? ^u ! que/ions connect$ ) ! late masonic difficulties 9 ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york1 p4 #cg4 ,!re is mu* hi/orical le>n+ display$ 9 ?is little pamphlet4 #i ,pre/on1 p4 #aca1 n41 ,oliv]'s ,edit4 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41p4 #aji74 #aj ,( ! ?irty-six ,gr& ,ma/]s :o h presid$ ov] ! craft 9 ,engl& s9ce ! revival ( ,masonry 9 #agag1 ?irty h be5 noblem51 & ?ree pr9ces ( ! reign+ family4 #aa ,article xxxiv4 #ab ,8 mo/ important pr]ogatives are inh]5t or d]iv$ f anci5t usage4 #ac ,proce$+s ,g4,l4 ,m>yl&1 #ahdi1 p4 #be4 #ad ,art4 xxxix4 #ae ,! ^w "t has be5 int]pret$ to mean communication4 #af ,& ?is is n because su* pa/ (fic] has an inh]5t "r to ! ma/]%ip1 b because z long z su* an "o is pres5t & will+ to s]ve1 !re does n exi/ su* an em]g5cy z w\ld au?orize a disp5sation ( ! law4 #ag ,:at fur!r conc]ns a lodge "u disp5sation is ref]r$ to a special *apt] 9 a subsequ5t "p ( ! "w4 #ah ,x is well kn[n1 al?\gh x _c be quot$ z au?ority1 t ! ,a?ol ,con/itutions expressly ackn[l$g$ ! exi/5ce ( ?is pr]ogative4 ,see ,d]mott's ,ahiman ,rezon4 #ai ,book ( ,con/itutions1 edit4 #agfg1 p4 #bbb4 #bj ,book ( ,con/41 p4 #bcc4 #ba ,book ( ,con/41 p4 #cac4 #bb ,book ( ,con/itutions1 p4 #cai4 #bc ,pre/on1 p4 #bcg1 ed4 #ahjb1 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #bbc74 #bd ,book ( ,con/itutions1 p4 #bdg #be ,! exi/5ce ( ?is pr]ogative is d5i$ by ! ,gr& ,lodges ( ,miss\ri1 ,t5nessee1 ,l\isiana1 & ,massa*usetts1 :ile x is admitt$ by ^? ( ,new ,york1 ,k5tucky1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 ,wiscons91 ,v]mont1 ,mississippi1 ,ohio1 ,new ,hamp%ire1 ,m>yl&1 ,indiana1 ,texas & ,florida2 9 ! la/ two1 h[ev]1 subject to limitation4 #bf ,t is1 ! "o :o has longe/ be5 a ,freemason4 #bg ,book ( ! ,lodge1 p4 #aae 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 i41 book #b1 p4 #gh74 #bh ,x 0 aboli%$ 9 ,new ,york 9 #ahed4 #bi ,?is is a small *e/ or c(f]1 repres5t+ ! ark ( ! cov5ant1 & conta9+ ! ?ree great lights ( ,masonry4 #cj ,:at man is !re t ha? a new h\se & ha? n d$icat$ x8 ,let him g & return to 8 h\se1 le/ he die 9 ! battle & ano!r man d$icate x4 ,deut4 xx4 #e4 #ca ,de ,syn$4 ,vet4 ,ebror41 #a4 iii41 c4 xiv41 #a4 #cb ,cic]o1 ,brut4 i4 #cc ,see su* a =m ( ,disp5sation 9 ,cole's ,masonic ,libr>y1 p4 #ia4 #cd ,pre/on1 ,app5d41 n4 #d 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 pp4 #aej1 #aea74 #ce ,book ( ,con/itutions1 orig4 ed1 p41 #gj 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 xv41 book #a1 p4 #gj74 #cf ,g5]al ,regulations ( #agbb4 ,a subsequ5t regulation p]mitt$ ! election ( a c&idate1 if !re 7 n m ?an ?ree black balls aga9/ him1 provid$ ! lodge desir$ su* a relaxation ( ! rule4 ,! lodges ( ?is c\ntry1 h[ev]1 v g5]ally1 &1 z ,i ?9k1 ) propriety1 require unanimity4 ,! subject w be h]eaft] discuss$4 #cg ,e lodge %all annually elect its ,ma/] & ,treasur] by ballot4 ,su* ,ma/] hav+ be5 regul>ly appo9t$ & hav+ s]v$ z ,w>d5 ( a w>rant$ lodge = "o ye>4 ,con/itutions ( ! ,anci5t ,frat]nity ( ,free & ,accept$ ,masons1 publi%$ by au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl&1 #ahdg1 p4 #eh 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 ix41 book #a74 #ch ,! ,w>d5s1 or (fic]s1 ( a lodge _c be remov$1 unless = a cause :i* appe>s to ! lodge to be suffici5t2 b ! ,ma/]1 if he be dissatisfi$ ) ! conduct ( any ( 8 (fic]s1 may lay ! cause ( compla9t be=e ! lodge2 &1 if x %all appe> to ! majority ( ! ,bre?r5 pres5t t ! compla9t be well f\nd$1 he %all h p[] to displace su* (fic]1 & to nom9ate ano!r4 ,engli% ,con/itutions1 z above1 p4 #hj 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 ix41 book #a74 #ci ,x is n necess>y t he %\ld be a ,pa/ ,ma/] ( ! lodge4 #dj ,no ma/] %all assume ! ,ma/]'s *air1 until he %all h be5 regul>ly in/all$1 ?\gh he may 9 ! int]im rule ! lodge4 ,engli% ,con/itutions 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 ix41 book #a74 #da ,e ,w>rant$ ,lodge is a con/itu5t "p ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 9 :i* assembly all ! p[] ( ! frat]nity resides4 ,engli% ,con/itutions1 p4 #gj 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 ix41 book #a74 #db ,we %all n "h discuss ! "q :e!r ,pa/ ,ma/]s are memb]s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge1 by inh]5t "r1 z t subject w be m appropriately inve/igat$ :5 we come to speak ( ! ,law ( ,gr& ,lodges1 9 a future *apt]4 ,!y are1 h[ev] cle>ly1 n ! repres5tatives ( _! lodge4 #dc ,pre/on1 p4 #afg 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #aea74 #dd ,g5]al ,regulations4 ,( ! duty ( memb]s1 ,art4 ,x1 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 xv41 book #a1 p4 #fa74 #de ,engli% ,con/itutions1 p4 #ei 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 ix41 book #a74 #df ,9 select+ ! "n1 ! mod]n ,con/itutions ( ,engl& make ! approbation ( ! ,gr& ,ma/] or ,prov9cial ,gr& ,ma/] necess>y4 #dg ,su* is ! doctr9e ( ! mod]n ,engli% ,con/itutions4 #dh ,no ,bro!r c be a ,w>d5 until he has pass$ ! "p ( a ,fell[ ,craft2 nor a ,ma/] until he has act$ z a ,w>d54--,old ,*>ges1 ,,iv4 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 xv41 book #a1 p4 #eb74 #di ,regulations on ,in/allation ( a ,ma/]1 ,no4 ,,iii4 ,pre/on1 p4 #gd 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #fa74 #ej ,hats4 quot$ 9 ,jeff]son1 p4 #ad4 #ea ,"o ( ! anci5t *>ges1 :i* ,pre/on tells u t x 0 ! con/ant practice ( our ,anci5t ,bre?r5 to rehe>se at ! op5+ & clos+ ( ! lodge1 seems to ref] to ?is rule1 :5 x says1 ! ,ma/]1 ,w>d5s1 & ,bre?r5 are j & fai?ful1 & c>efully f9i% ! "w !y beg94--,oliv]'s ,pre/on1 p4 #bg1 note 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #bb74 #eb ,proce$+s ( ,g4,l4 ( ,t5nessee1 #ahej4 ,app5dix ,a1 p4 #h4 #ec ,book ( ,con/itutions1 edition ( #agee1 p4 #bhb4 #ed ,if x is an extra communication1 ?is item ( ! transaction is1 ( c\rse1 omitt$1 = m9utes are only to be confirm$ at regul> communications4 #ee ,oliv]'s ,pre/on1 p4 #afc1 note 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #ace74 #ef ,su* is ! provision 9 ! mod]n con/itutions ( ,engl&1 b ! #d? ( ! #ci ,regulations requir$ ! c&idate to be at lea/ tw5ty-five4 #eg ,see ^! regulations 9 ,pre/on1 p4 #afb1 ,oliv]'s ed4 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #ace74 #eh ,oliv]'s ,pre/on1 p4 #gb1 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #ei74 #ei ,black/one1 ,com4 ,i41 ,introd41 #b4 #fj ,9 an able report on ?is subject1 9 ! proce$+s ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,georgia = #aheb4 ,9 accordance ) ! views !re express$1 ,bro4 ,rockwell decid$ (ficially1 z ,di/rict ,deputy ,gr& ,ma/]1 9 #ahea1 t a man :o _h lo/ "o eye 0 n admissible4 #fa ,pott]1 #ahd4 #fb ,page #ah4 ,9 ,decemb]1 #ahea1 ! ,committee ( ,correspond5ce ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 unreg>dful ( ! rigid rule ( _! pr$ecessors1 decid$ t maim$ c&idates might be initiat$1 provid$ _! loss or infirmity w n prev5t !m f mak+ full pr(ici5cy 9 ,masonry4 #fc ,proce$+s ( ! ,g4,l4 ( ,mo4 = #ahbc1 p4 #e4 ,! report & resolution 7 on ! petitions ( two c&idates to be initiat$1 "o ) only "o arm1 & ! o!r mu* de=m$ 9 8 legs4 #fd ,:5 ! _s ( exp$i5cy once beg9s1 we "k n :]e x w /op4 ,?us a bl9d man has be5 initiat$ 9 ,mississippi1 & a "o-arm$ "o 9 ,k5tucky2 & 9 ,france a few ye>s s9ce1 ! degrees 7 conf]r$ by sign-language on a deaf mute6 #fe ,namely1 ! incorrectly presum$ op]ative orig9 ( ! ,ord]4 ,! :ole ( ?is report1 :i* is f ! v5]able ,giles ,f4 ,yates1 conta9s an able & unansw]able def5se ( ! anci5t law 9 opposition to any qualification4 #ff ,see proce$+s ( ,new ,york1 #ahdh1 pp4 #cf1 #cg4 #fg ,su* is ! =mula prescrib$ by ! ,con/itutions ( ,engl& z well z all ! ,monitors 9 ?is c\ntry4 #fh ,see ,mackey's ,lexicon ( ,freemasonry1 #c;d ,edit41 art1 ,ballot4 #fi ,book ( ,con/itutions4 ,edit4 #agee1 p4 #cab4 #gj ,see ,mackey's ,lexicon ( ,freemasonry1 #c;d ,edit41 art4 ,ballot #ga ,except :5 !re is b "o black ball1 9 :i* case ! matt] lies ov] until ! next /at$ meet+4 ,see prec$+ ,section4 #gb ,masonry f\nd$ on ,scripture1 a ,s]mon prea*$ 9 #ageb1 by ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,williams4 #gc ,t is1 advance him1 f ! subord9ate position ( a s]v+ man or ,appr5tice1 to t ( a ,fell[ ,craft or j\rneyman4 #gd ,?is is also ! regulation ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a4 #ge ,proce$+s ( ,gr& ,lodge ( ,new ,york1 = #ahde4 ,he excepts1 ( c\rse1 f ! op]ation ( ! rule1 ^? made by disp5sation2 b ?is exception does n affect ! /r5g? ( ! pr9ciple4 #gf ,pre/on1 edition ( ,oliv]1 p4 #ab 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #aj74 #gg ,transactions ( ! ,g4,l4 ( ,new ,york1 anno #ahdh1 p4 #gc4 #gh ,edition ( #agbc1 page #ga 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 xv41 book #a1 p4 #ga74 #gi ,pre/on1 p4 #dh 7,u4,m4,l41 vol1 iii41 p4 #dj74 #hj ,con/4 ,new ,york1 #ahed1 p4 #ac4 ,! ,con/itutions ( ! ,gr& ,lodge ( ,engl& 7p4 #fd7 h a simil> provision2 b !y require ! ,bro!r to express 8 wi% = memb]%ip on ! day ( 8 initiation4 #ha ,pre/on1 ,oliv]'s ,ed41 p4 #ga1 note 7,u4,l4,m41 vol4 iii41 p4 #fj74 #hb ,see ,oliv]1 note 9 ,pre/on1 p4 #ge 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii1 p4 #fa74 #hc ,oliv]'s ,pre/on1 p4 #afb 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #ace47 #hd ,see ,&]son's ,con/41 #c;d ,edit41 #agee1 page #cjc4 #he ,pre/on1 ,oliv]'s ,edit41 p4 #hi 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #gb74 #hf ,pre/on1 ,oliv]'s ,edit p4 #ij 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii41 p4 #gc74 #hg ,book ,i41 *ap4 iii4 #hh ,proce$+s ( ,l\isiana1 an4 #aheb4 #hi ,pre/on1 ,oliv]'s ,edit41 p4 #gf 7,u4,m4,l41 vol4 iii1 p4 #fb74 #ij ,ibid #ia ,see ,mackey's ,lexicon ( ,freemasonry1 9 voce4 #ib ,con/itutions1 ,second ,edition ( #agch1 p4 #aed4 #ic ,proce$+s = #ahec4 #id ,proce$+s = #ahdg4 #ie ,! "r to visit is re/rict$ to once1 by _m ,gr& ,lodges to enable him to become acqua9t$ ) ! "* ( ! lodge be=e he applies = memb]%ip4 #if ,black/one1 ,introd41 i4 #ig ,= s we %\ld int]pret ! ^w hone/e4 #ih ,i h treat$ ?is subject ( expulsion s fully 9 my ,lexicon ( ,freemasonry1 & f9d s little m to say on ! subject1 t ,i h n at all v>i$ f ! c\rse ( argum5t1 & v little f ! phraseology ( ! article 9 t "w4 #ii ,9 ,engl&1 ejection f a memb]%ip by a subord9ate lodge is call$ exclusion1 & x does n deprive ! p>ty ( 8 g5]al rights z a memb] ( ! frat]nity4 #ajj ,lexicon ( ,freemasonry4 #aja ,phillips1 on ,evid5ce1 p4 #c4 #ajb ,*ief ,b>on ,gilb]t4