,,the ,,two ,,lovers ,,of ,,heaven3 ,,chrysanthus ,,and ,,daria4 ,a ,drama of ,early ,christian ,rome4 ,,from ,,the ,,spanish ,,of ,,calderon4 ,with ,dedicatory ,sonnets to ,,longfellow1 ,,etc4 ,,by ,,denis ,,florence ,,mac-,,carthy1 ,m4,r4,i4,a4 ,,por ,,la ,,fe ,,morire4 ,calderon's ,family ,motto4 ,,dublin3 ,,john ,f4 ,,fowler1 #c ,,crow ,,street4 ,,london3 ,,john ,,camden ,,hotten1 #gd and #ge ,,piccadilly4 #ahgj4 ,calderon's ,family ,motto4 ,,por ,,la ,,fe ,,morire4 -- ,,for ,,the ,,faith ,,welcome ,,death4 ,,this motto is taken from the engraved coat of arms prefixed to an historical account of the very noble and ancient house of ,calderon de la ,barca--a rather scarce work which ,i have never seen alluded to in any account of the poet4 ,the circumstances from which the motto was assigned to the family are given with some minuteness at pp4 #ef and #eg of the work referred to4 ,it is enough to mention that the martyr who first used the expression was ,don ,sancho ,ortiz ,calderon de la ,barca1 a ,commander of the ,order of ,santiago4 ,he was in the service of the renowned king1 ,don ,alfonso the ,wise1 towards the close of the thirteenth century1 and having been taken prisoner by the ,moors before ,gibraltar1 he was offered his life on the usual conditions of apostasy4 ,but he refused all overtures1 saying3 ,pues mi ,dios por mi murio1 yo quiero morir por el1 a phrase which has a singular resemblance to the key note of this drama4 ,don ,ortiz ,calderon was eventually put to death with great cruelty1 after some alternations of good and bad treatment4 ,see ,descripcion1 ,armas1 ,origen1 y ,descendencia de la muy noble y antigua ,casa de ,calderon de la ,barca1 etc41 que ,escrivio ,el ,rmo4 ,p4 ,m4 ,fr4 ,phelipe de la ,gandara1 etc41 ,obra ,postuma1 que saca a luz ,juan de ,zuniga4 ,madrid1 #agec4 ,d4 ,f4 ,m4 ,c4 ,,to ,,henry ,,wadsworth ,,longfellow1 ,,in ,,grateful ,,recollection ,,of ,,some ,,delightful ,,days ,,spent ,,with ,,him ,,at ,,rome1 ,this ,drama is dedicated ,,by ,,denis ,,florence ,,mac-,,carthy4 ,,to ,,longfellow4 ,i4 ,,pensive within the ,colosseum's walls ,i stood with thee1 ,o ,poet of the ,west6-- ,the day when each had been a welcome guest ,in ,san ,clemente's venerable halls3-- ,ah1 with what pride my memory now recalls ,that hour of hours1 that flower of all the rest1 ,when with thy white beard falling on thy breast-- ,that noble head1 that well might serve as ,paul's ,in some divinest vision of the saint ,by ,raffael dreamed1 ,i heard thee mourn the dead-- ,the martyred host who fearless there1 though faint1 ,walked the rough road that up to ,heaven's gate led3 ,these were the pictures ,calderon loved to paint ,in golden hues that here perchance have fled4 ,,ii4 ,,yet take the colder copy from my hand1 ,not for its own but for ,,the ,,master',s sake1-- ,take it1 as thou1 returning home1 wilt take ,from that divinest soft ,italian land ,fixed shadows of the ,beautiful and ,grand ,in sunless pictures that the sun doth make-- ,reflections that may pleasant memories wake ,of all that ,raffael touched1 or ,angelo planned3-- ,as these may keep what memory else might lose1 ,so may this photograph of verse impart ,an image1 though without the native hues ,of ,calderon's fire1 and yet with ,calderon's art1 ,of what ,thou lovest through a kindred ,muse ,that sings in heaven1 yet nestles in the heart4 ,d4 ,f4 ,m4 ,c4 ,dublin1 ,august #bdth1 #ahfi4 ,,prefatory ,,note4 ,,the ,,professor ,,of ,,poetry ,,at ,,oxford ,,and ,,the ,,autos ,,sacramentales ,,of ,,calderon4 ,although the ,drama here presented to the public is not an ',auto1' the present may be a not inappropriate occasion to draw the attention of all candid readers to the remarks of the ,professor of ,poetry at ,oxford on the ',autos ,sacramentales' of ,calderon--remarks founded entirely on the volume of translations from these ,autos published by me in #ahfg199 although not mentioned by name1 as ,i conceive in fairness it ought to have been1 by ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle in his printed ,lectures4 ,in his otherwise excellent analysis of ,the ,dream of ,gerontius1 ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle is mistaken as to any direct impression having been made upon the mind of ,dr4 ,newman in reference to it by the ,autos of ,calderon4 ,so late as ,march #c1 #ahfg1 in thanking me for the volume made use of by ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle1 ,dr4 ,newman implies that up to that period he had not devoted any particular attention even to this most important and unique development of ,spanish religious poetry4 ,the only complete ,auto of ,calderon that had previously appeared in ,english--my own translation of ,the ,sorceries of ,sin1 had1 indeed1 been in his hands from #ahei1 and ,i wish ,i could flatter myself that it had in any way led to the production of a master-piece like ,the ,dream of ,gerontius4 ,but ,i cannot indulge that delusion4 ,dr4 ,newman had internally and externally too many sources of inspiration to necessitate an adoption even of such high models as the ,spanish ,autos4 ,besides1 ,the ,dream of ,gerontius is no more an ,auto than ,paradise ,lost1 or the ,divina ,commedia4 ,in these1 only real personages1 spiritual and material1 are represented1 or monsters that typified human passions1 but did not personify them4 ,in the ,autos it is precisely the reverse4 ,rarely do actual beings take part in the drama1 and then only as personifications of the predominant vices or passions of the individuals whose names they bear4 ,thus in my own volume1 ,belshazzar is not treated so much as an historical character1 but rather as the personification of the pride and haughtiness of a voluptuous king4 ,in ,the ,divine ,philothea1 in the same volume1 there are no actual beings whatever1 except ,the ,prince of ,light and ,the ,prince of ,darkness or ,the ,demon4 ,in truth1 there is nothing analogous to a ,spanish ,auto in ,english original poetry4 ,the nearest approach to it1 and the only one1 is ,the ,prometheus ,unbound of ,shelley4 ,there1 indeed1 ,the ,earth1 ,ocean1 ,the ,spirits of the ,hours1 ,the ,phantasm of ,jupiter1 ,demogorgon1 and ,prometheus himself1 read like the ',personas' of a ,spanish ,auto1 and the poetry is worthy the resemblance4 ,the ,autos ,sacramentales differ also1 not only in degree but in kind from every form of ,mystery or ,morality produced either in ,england or on the ,continent4 ,but to return to the lecture by ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle4 ,even in smaller matters he is not accurate4 ,thus he has transcribed incorrectly from my ,introduction the name of the distinguished commentator on the ,autos of ,calderon and their translator into ,german--,dr4 ,lorinser4 ,this ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle has printed throughout his lecture ',lorinzer'4 ,from private letters which ,i have had the honour of receiving from this learned writer1 there can be no doubt that the form as originally given by me is the right one4 ,with these corrections the lecture of ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle may be quoted as a valuable testimony to the extraordinary poetic beauty of these ,autos even in a translation4 ,,lecture ,,iii4--,dr4 ,newman's ,dream of ,gerontius4 ,it is probable1 indeed1 that the first idea of composing such a dramatic work may have been suggested to ,dr4 ,newman by the ,autos ,sacramentales of ,spain1 and especially by those of the illustrious ,calderon2 but1 so far as ,i can learn1 he has derived hardly anything from them beyond the vaguest hints1 except1 indeed1 the all-important knowledge1 that a profound religious feeling can represent itself1 and that effectively1 in the outward form of a play4 ,i may remark that these ,spanish ,autos of ,calderon constitute beyond all question a very wonderful and a very original school of poetry1 and ,i am not without hope that1 when ,i know my business a little better1 we may examine them impartially together4 ,nay1 even as it is1 ,calderon stands so indisputably at the head of all ,catholic religious dramatists1 among whom ,dr4 ,newman has recently enrolled himself1 that perhaps it may not be out of place to inquire for a moment into his poetical methods and aims1 in order that we may then discover1 if we can1 how and why the disciple differs from his master4 ,now there is a great conflict of opinion as to the precise degree of merit which these particular ,spanish dramas possess4 ,speaking as an ignorant man1 ,i should say1 whilst those who disparage them seem rather hasty in their judgments1 and not so well informed as could be wished1 still the kind of praise which they receive from their most enthusiastic admirers puzzles and does not instruct us4 ,taking for example1 the great ,german authority on this point1 ,dr4 ,lorinzer ,lorinser1 as our guide1 we see his poet looming dimly through a cloud of incense1 which may embalm his memory1 but certainly does not improve our eyesight4 ,indeed1 according to him1 any appreciation of ,calderon is not to be dreamt of by a ,protestant4 ,lectures1 pp4 #aji1 #aaj4 ,with every respect for ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle1 ,dr4 ,lorinser says no such thing4 ,he was too well informed of what had been done in ,germany on the same subject1 before he himself undertook the formidable task of attempting a complete translation of all the ,autos of ,calderon1 to have fallen into such an error4 ,cardinal ,diepenbrock1 ,archbishop of ,breslau1 who1 in his ,das ,leben ein ,traum 7an ,auto quite distinct from the well known drama ,la ,vida es ,sueno7 first commenced this interesting labour in ,germany1 was of course a ,catholic4 ,but ,eichendorff and ,braunfels1 who both preceded ,dr4 ,lorinser1 were ,protestants4 ,augustus ,schlegel and ,baron von ,schack1 who have written so profoundly and so truly on the ,autos1 are expressly referred to by ,dr4 ,lorinser1 and it is superfluous to say that they too were ,protestants4 ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle1 in using my translation of the passage which will presently be quoted1 changes the word 'thoroughly' into 'properly'1 as if it were a more correct rendering of the original4 ,unfortunately1 however1 there is nothing to represent either word in the ,german4 ,dr4 ,lorinser says1 that by many1 not by all1 ,calderon cannot be enjoyed as much as he deserves1 because a great number of persons best competent to judge of his merits are deficient in the knowledge of ,catholic faith and ,catholic theology which for the understanding of ,calderon is indispensible--welche fuer ,calderons ,verstaendniss unerlaesslich ist4 ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle says that to him these ,autos are not incomprehensible at all 7p4 #aab71 but then he understands them all the better for being a scholar and a churchman4 ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle thus continues his reference to ,dr4 ,lorinser4 ,even learned critics1 he says1 highly cultivated in all the niceties of aesthetics1 are deficient in the knowledge of ,catholic faith and ,catholic theology properly to understand ,calderon 7,lectures1 p4 #aaj1 taken from the ,introduction to my volume1 p4 #c74 ,old traditions1 continues ,dr4 ,lorinzer1 which twine round the dogma like a beautiful garland of legends1 deeply profound thoughts expressed here and there by some of the ,fathers of the ,church1 are made use of with such incredible skill and introduced so appositely at the right place1 that 4 4 4 4 frequently it is not easy to guess the source from whence they have been derived 7,lectures1 p4 #aaa1 taken from the ,introduction to my volume1 p4 #f74 ,this surely is unquestionably true1 and the argument used by ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle to controvert it does not go for much4 ,these ,autos1 no doubt1 were1 as he says1 composed in the first instance to gratify1 and did gratify1 the uneducated populace of ,madrid4 ,yes1 the crowds that listened delighted and entranced to these wonderful compositions1 were1 for the most part1 uneducated in the ordinary meaning of that word4 ,but in the special education necessary for their thorough enjoyment1 the case was very different4 ,it is not too much to say that1 as the result of ,catholic training1 teaching1 intuition1 and association1 the least instructed of his ,madrid audience more easily understood ,calderon's allusions1 than the great majority of those who1 reared up in totally different ideas1 are able to do1 even after much labour and sometimes with considerable sympathy4 ,mr4 ,tennyson says that he counts-- ,the gray barbarian lower than the ,christian child1 because the almost intuitive perceptions of a ,christian child as to the nature of ,god and the truths of ,revelation1 place it intellectually higher than even the mature intelligence of a savage4 ,i mean no disrespect to ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle1 but ,i think that ,calderon would have found at ,madrid in the middle of the seventeenth century1 and would find there to-day1 in a ,catholic boy of fifteen1 a more intelligent and a better instructed critic on these points1 than even the learned professor himself4 ,i shall make no further comments on ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle's ,lecture1 but give his remarks on ,calderon's ,autos to the end4 ,at the same time1 says ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle1 ,dr4 ,lorinzer's knowledge of his subject is so profound1 and his appreciation of his favourite author so keen1 that for me1 who am almost entirely unacquainted with this branch of literature1 formally to oppose his views1 would be an act of presumption1 of which ,i am1 as ,i trust1 incapable4 ,i may1 however1 perhaps be permitted to observe1 that with regard to the few pieces of this kind which in an ,english dress ,i have read1 whilst ,i think them not only most ingenious but also surprisingly beautiful1 they do not strike me as incomprehensible at all4 ,we must accept them1 of course1 as coming from the mind of a devout ,catholic and ,spanish gentleman1 who belongs to the seventeenth century2 but when once that is agreed upon1 there are no difficulties greater than those which we might expect to find in any system of poetry so remote from our ,english habits of thought4 ,there is1 for instance1 the ,divine ,philothea1 in other words1 our human spirit considered as the destined bride of ,christ4 ,this sacred drama1 we may well call it the swan-song of ,calderon's extreme old age1 is steeped throughout in a serene power and a mellow beauty of style1 making it not unworthy to be ranked with that ,oedipus ,colonaeus which glorified the sun-set of his illustrious predecessor3 but yet1 ,protestant as ,i am1 ,i cannot discover that it is in the least obscure4 ,faith1 ,hope1 ,charity1 the ,five ,senses1 ,heresy1 ,judaism1 ,paganism1 ,atheism1 and the like1 which in inferior hands must have been mere lay figures1 are there instinct with a dramatic life and energy such as beforehand ,i could hardly have supposed possible4 ,moreover1 in spite of ,dr4 ,lorinzer's odd encomiums1 each allegory as it rises is more neatly rounded off1 and shows a finer grain1 than any of the personifications of ,spenser2 so that the religious effect and the theological effect intended by the writer1 are both amply produced--yes1 produced upon us1 his heretical admirers4 ,hence1 even if there be mysterious treasures of beauty below the surface1 to which we aliens must remain blind for ever1 this expression1 which broke from the lips of one to whom ,i was eagerly reading ,mr4 ,mac-,carthy's translation of the play1 ',why1 in the original this must be as grand as ,dante'1 tends to show that such merits as do come within our ken are not likely to be thrown away upon any fair-minded ,protestant4 ,dr4 ,newman1 as a ,catholic1 will have entered1 ,i presume1 more deeply still into the spirit of these extraordinary creations2 his life1 however1 belongs to a different era and to a colder people4 ,and thus1 however much he may have been directed to the choice of a subject by the old ,mysteries and ,moralities 7of which these ,spanish ,autos must be taken as the final development and bright consummate flower71 he has treated that subject1 when once undertaken by him1 entirely from his own point of view4 ',gerontius' is meant to be studied and dwelt upon by the meditative reader4 ,the ,autos of ,calderon were got ready by perhaps the most accomplished playwright that ever lived1 to amuse and stimulate a thronging southern population4 ',gerontius' is1 we may perhaps say for ,dr4 ,newman in the words of ,shelley1 ',the voice of his own soul ,heard in the calm of thought'2 whilst the conceptions of the ,spanish dramatist burst into life with tumultuous music1 gorgeous scenery1 and all the pomp and splendour of the ,catholic ,church4 ,no wonder therefore that our ,english ,auto1 though composed with the same genuine purpose of using verse1 and dramatic verse1 to promote a religious and even a theological end1 should differ from them in essence as well as in form4 ,there is room however for both kinds in the wide empire of ,poetry1 and though ,dr4 ,newman himself would be the first to cry shame upon me if ,i were to name him with ,calderon even for a moment1 still his ,mystery of this most unmysterious age will1 ,i believe1 keep its honourable place in our ,english literature as an impressive1 an attractive1 and an original production--pp4 #aji1 #aae4 ,i may mention that the volume containing ,belshazzar's ,feast1 and ,the ,divine ,philothea1 the ,auto particularly referred to by ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle1 has been called ,mysteries of ,corpus ,christi by the publisher4 ,a not inappropriate title1 it would seem1 from the last observations of the distinguished ,professor4 ,a third ,auto1 ,the ,sorceries of ,sin1 is given in my ,three ,plays of ,calderon1 now on sale by ,mr4 ,b4 ,quaritch1 #ae ,piccadilly1 ,london4 ,the ,divine ,philothea1 ,the ,sorceries of ,sin1 and ,belshazzar's ,feast are the only ,autos of ,calderon that have ever been translated either fully1 or1 with one exception1 even partially into ,english4 ,d4 ,f4 ,,mac-,,carthy4 #gd ,upper ,gardiner ,street1 ,dublin1 ,march #a1 #ahgj4 99 ,,autos ,,sacramentales3 ,,the ,,divine ,,philothea3 ,,belshazzar',s ,,feast4 ,two ,autos1 from the ,spanish of ,calderon4 ,with a ,commentary from the ,german of ,dr4 ,franz ,lorinser4 ,by ,denis ,florence ,mac-,carthy1 ,m4,r4,i4,a4 ,dublin3 ,james ,duffy1 #ae ,wellington ,quay1 and #bb ,paternoster ,row1 ,london4 ,,lectures ,,delivered ,,before ,,the ,,university ,,of ,,oxford1 #ahfh4 ,by ,sir ,f4 ,h4 ,doyle ,bart41 ,m4,a41 ,b4,c ,l41 ,late ,fellow of ,all ,souls'1 ,professor of ,poetry4 ,london3 ,macmillan ,co41 #ahfi4 ,,the ,,two ,,lovers ,,of ,,heaven4#a ,,introduction4 ,,in the ,teatro escogido de ,don ,pedro ,calderon de la ,barca 7#ahfh71 at present in course of publication by the ,royal ,academy of ,madrid1 ,calderon's dramas1 exclusive of the autos sacramentales1 which do not form a part of the collection1 are divided into eight classes4 ,the seventh of these comprises what the editor calls mystical dramas1 and those founded on the ,legends or the ,lives of ,saints4 ,the eighth contains the philosophical or purely ideal dramas4 ,this last division1 in which the editor evidently thinks the genius of ,calderon attained its highest development1 at least as far as the secular theatre is concerned1 contains but two dramas1 ,the ,wonder-working ,magician1 and ,life's a ,dream4 ,the mystical dramas1 which form the seventh division1 are more numerous1 but of these five are at present known to us only by name4 ,those that remain are ,day-break in ,copacabana1 ,the ,chains of the ,demon1 ,the ,devotion of the ,cross1 ,the ,purgatory of ,st4 ,patrick1 ,the ,sibyl of the ,east1 ,the ,virgin of the ,sanctuary1 and ,the ,two ,lovers of ,heaven4 ,the editor1 ,sr4 ,d4 ,p4 ,de ,la ,escosura1 seems to think it necessary to offer some apology for not including ,the ,two ,lovers of ,heaven among the philosophical instead of the mystical dramas4 ,he says3 ,there is a great analogy and1 perhaps1 resemblance between ,el ,magico ,prodigioso 7,the ,wonder-working ,magician71 and ,los dos amantes del cielo 7,the ,two ,lovers of ,heaven72 but in the second1 as it seems to us1 the purely mystical predominates in such a manner over the philosophical1 that it does not admit of its being classified in the same group as the first 7,el ,magico ,prodigioso71 and ,la ,vida es ,sueno 7,life's a ,dream74 ,introduccion1 p4 cxxxvii4 note4 ,whether this distinction is well founded or not it is unnecessary to determine4 ,it is sufficient for our purpose that it establishes the high position among the greatest plays of ,calderon of the drama which is here presented to the ,english reader in the peculiar and always difficult versification of the original4 ,whether less philosophical or more mystical than ,the ,wonder-working ,magician1 ,the ,two ,lovers of ,heaven possesses a charm of its own in which its more famous rival seems deficient4 ,in the admirable ,essay on the ,genius of ,calderon 7ch4 ii4 p4 #cd71 with which ,archbishop ,trench introduces his spirited analysis of ,la ,vida es ,sueno1 he refers to the group of dramas which forms1 with one exception1 the seventh and eighth divisions of the classification above referred to1 and pays a just tribute to the superior merits of ,los dos amantes del cielo4 ,after alluding to the dramas1 the argument of which is drawn from the ,old ,testament1 and especially to ,the ,locks of ,absalom1 which he considers the noblest specimen1 he continues3 ,still more have to do with the heroic martyrdoms and other legends of ,christian antiquity1 the victories of the ,cross of ,christ over all the fleshly and spiritual wickednesses of the ancient heathen world4 ,to this theme1 which is one almost undrawn upon in our ,elizabethan drama1--,massinger's ,virgin ,martyr is the only example ,i remember1--he returns continually1 and he has elaborated these plays with peculiar care4 ,of these ,the ,wonder-working ,magician is most celebrated2 but others1 as ,the ,joseph of ,women1 ,the ,two ,lovers of ,heaven1 quite deserve to be placed on a level1 if not higher than it4 ,a tender pathetic grace is shed over this last1 which gives it a peculiar charm4 ,then too he has occupied what one might venture to call the region of sacred mythology1 as in ,the ,sibyl of the ,east1 in which the profound legends identifying the ,cross of ,calvary and the ,tree of ,life are wrought up into a poem of surpassing beauty4#b ,an excellent ,german version of ,los dos amantes del cielo is to be found in the second volume of the ,spanisches ,theater1 by ,schack1 whose important work on ,dramatic ,art and ,literature in ,spain1 is still untranslated into the language of that country1--a singular neglect1 when his later and less elaborate work1 ,poesie and ,kunst der ,araber in ,spanien und ,sicilien 7,berlin1 #ahfe71 has already found an excellent ,spanish interpreter in ,don ,juan ,valera1 two volumes of whose ,poesia y ,arte de los ,arabes en ,espana y ,sicilia 7,madrid1 #ahfh71 ,i was fortunate enough to meet with during a recent visit to ,spain4 ,the story of ,,ss4 ,chrysanthus and ,daria 7,the ,two ,lovers of ,heaven71 whose martyrdom took place at ,rome ,a4,d4 #bhd1 and whose festival occurs on the #beth of ,october1 is to be found in a very abridged form in the ,legenda ,aurea of ,jacobus de ,voragine1 c4 #aeb4 ,the fullest account1 and that which ,calderon had evidently before him when writing ,the ,two ,lovers of ,heaven1 is given by ,surius in his great work1 ,de ,probatis ,sanctorum ,vitis1 ,october1 p4 #cgh4 ,this history is referred to by ,villegas at the conclusion of his own condensed narrative in the following passage1 which ,i take from the old ,english version of his ,lives of ,saints1 by ,john ,heigham1 anno #afcj4 ,the ,church doth celebrate the feast of ,,ss4 ,chrisanthus and ,daria1 the #beth of ,october1 and their death was in the year of our ,lord ,god #bhd1 in the raigne of ,numerianus1 ,emperor4 ,the martyrdom of these saints was written by ,verinus and ,armenius1 priests of ,st4 ,stephen1 ,pope and ,martyr3 ,metaphrastes enlarged it somewhat more4 ,st4 ,damasus made certain eloquent verses in praise of these saints1 and set them on their tombe4 ,there is mention of them also in the ,romaine ,martirologe1 and in that of ,usuardus3 as also in the #e4 tome of ,surius2 in ,cardinal ,baronius1 and ,gregory of ,turonensis1 p4 #hdi4 ,a different abridgment of the story as given by ,surius1 is to be found in ,ribadeneyra's ,flos ,sanctorum 7the edition before me being that of ,barcelona1 #agij1 t4 #c4 p4 #cjd74 ,it concludes with the same list of authorities1 which1 however1 is given with more precision4 ,the old ,english translation by ,w4 ,p4 ,esq41 second edition3 ,london1 #agcj1 p4 #cfi1 gives them thus3 ,surius in his fifth tome1 and ,cardinal ,baronius in his ',annotations upon the ,martyrologies'1 and in the second tome of his ,annals1 and ,st4 ,gregory of ,tours in his ',book of the ,glory of the ,martyrs'1 make mention of the ,saints ,chrysanthus and ,daria4 ,the following is taken from ,caxton's ,golden ,legende1 or translation of the ,legenda ,aurea of ,jacobus de ,voragine4 ,i have transcribed from the following edition1 which is thus described in the ,colophon3 ,the legende named in latyn ,legenda ,aurea1 that is to say in englyshe the golden legende1 ,for lyke as golde passeth all other metalles1 so this boke excedeth all other bokes4 ,finyshed the xxvii daye of ,august1 the yere of our lord ,m4 ,,ccccc4 ,,xxvii1 the xix yere of the regne of our souverayne lord ,kynge ,henry the eyght4 ,imprynted at ,london in ,flete ,strete at the ,sygne of the ,sonne by ,wynkyn de ,worde4 ,in the following extract the spelling is somewhat modernised1 and a few obsolete words are omitted4 ,the ,life of ,saynt ,crysant and ,saynte ,daria4 ,fo4 cc4 lxxxv4 ,here followeth the lyfe of ,saynt ,crysaunt1 and fyrst of his name4 ,and of ,saynte ,daria1 and of her name4 ,of ,crysaunt is said as growen and multyplyed of ,god4 ,for when his father would have made hym do sacrifyce to the idols1 ,god gave to hym force and power to contrary and gaynsay his father1 and yield himself to ,god4 ,daria is sayd of dare to give1 for she gave her to two thynges4 ,fyrst will to do evil1 when she had will to draw ,crysaunt to sacrifyce to the idols4 ,and after she gave her to good will when ,crysaunt had converted her to ,almighty ,god4 ,crysaunt was son of a ryght noble man that was named ,polymne4 ,and when his father saw that his son was taught in the faith of ,jesu ,chryst1 and that he could not withdraw him therefrom1 and make him do sacrifyce to the idols1 he commanded that he should be closed in a stronge hold and put to hym five maidens for to seduce him with blandyshynge and fayre wordes4 ,and when he had prayed ,god that he should not be surmounted with no fleshly desyre1 anon these maydens were so overcome with slepe1 that they myght not take neither meat ne drinke as long as they were there1 but as soon as they were out1 they took both meat and drinke4 ,and one ,daria1 a noble and wise virgin of the goddess ,vesta1 arrayed her nobly with clothes as she had been a goddess1 and prayed that she myght be letten enter in to ,crysant and that she would restore him to the idols and to his father4 ,and when she was come in1 ,crysant reproved her of the pride of her vesture4 ,and she answered that she had not done it for pride but for to draw him to do sacrifyce to the idols and restore him to his father4 ,and then ,crysant reproved her because she worshipped them as gods4 ,for they had been in their times evil and sinners4 ,and ,daria answered1 the philosophers called the elements by the names of men4 ,and ,crysant said to her1 if one worship the earth as a goddess1 and another work and labour the earth as a churl or ploughman1 to whom giveth the earth most8 ,it is plain that it giveth more to the ploughman than to him that worshippeth it4 ,and in like wise he said of the sea and of the other elements4 ,and then ,crysant and ,daria converted to him1 coupled them together by the grace of the ,holy ,ghost1 and feigned to be joined by carnal marriage1 and converted many others to our ,lord4 ,for ,claudian1 who had been one of their persecutors1 they converted to the faith of our ,lord1 with his wife and children and many other knights4 ,and after this ,crysant was enclosed in a stinking prison by the commandment of ,numerian1 but the stink turned anon into a right sweet odour and savour4 ,and ,daria was brought to the bordel1 but a lion that was in the amphitheatre came and kept the door of the bordel4 ,and then there was sent thither a man to befoul and corrupt the virgin1 but anon he was taken by the lion1 and the lion began to look at the virgin like as he demanded what he should do with the caitiff4 ,and the virgin commanded that he should do him no hurt but let him go4 ,and anon he was converted and ran through the city1 and began to cry that ,daria was a goddess4 ,and then hunters were sent thither to take the lion4 ,and they anon fell down at the feet of the virgin and were converted by her4 ,and then the provost commanded them to make a great fire within the entrance of the bordel1 so that the lion should be brent with ,daria4 ,and the lion considering this thing1 felt dread1 and roaring took leave of the virgin1 and went whither he would without hurting of any body4 ,and when the provost had done to ,crysant and ,daria many diverse torments1 and might not grieve them1 at the last they without compassion were put in a deep pit1 and earth and stones thrown on them4 ,and so were consecrated martyrs of ,christ4 ,with regard to the exact year in which the martyrdom of ,,ss4 ,chrysanthus and ,daria took place1 it may be mentioned that in the valuable ,vies des ,saints1 ,paris1 #agja 7republished in #agci71 where the whole legend undergoes a very critical examination1 the generally received date1 ,a4,d4 #bhd1 is considered erroneous4 ,the reign of the emperor ,numerianus 7,a4,d4 #bhc-bhd71 in which it is alleged to have occurred1 lasted but eight months1 during which period no persecution of the ,christians is recorded4 ,the writer in the work just quoted 7,adrien ,baillet7 conjectures that the martyrdom of these saints took place in the reign of ,valerian1 and not later than the month of ,august1 #beg1 s' il est vray que le pape ,saint ,etienne qui mourut alois avoit donne ordre qu' on recueillit les actes de leur martyre--,les ,vies des ,saints1 ,paris1 #agci1 t4 vii4 p4 #che4 #a4 ,los dos amantes del cielo3 ,crisanto y ,daria4 ,comedias de ,don ,pedro ,calderon de la ,barca4 ,por ,don ,juan ,eugenio ,hartzenbusch4 ,madrid1 #ahfe1 tomo #c1 p4 #bcd4 #b4 ,it may be added to what ,dr4 ,trench has so well said1 that ,calderon's auto1 ,el arbol del mejor ,fruto 7,the ,tree of the choicest ,fruit71 is founded on the same sublime theme4 ,it is translated into ,german by ,lorinser1 under the title of ,der ,baum der bessern ,frucht1 ,breslau1 #ahfa4 ,,the ,,two ,,lovers ,,of ,,heaven4 ,,persons4 ,,numerianus1 ,emperor of ,rome4 ,,polemius1 ,chief ,senator4 ,,chrysanthus1 his son4 ,,claudius1 cousin of ,chrysanthus4 ,,aurelius1 a ,roman general4 ,,carpophorus1 a venerable priest4 ,,escarpin1 servant of ,chrysanthus4 ,,daria1 ,,cynthia1 ,,nisida1 ,,chloris1 ,priestesses of ,diana4 ,two spirits4 ,angels4 ,soldiers1 servants1 people1 music1 etc4 ,,scene3 ,rome and its environs4 ,,act ,,the ,,first4 ,,scene ,i4--,a ,room in the house of ,polemius at ,rome4 ,chrysanthus is seen seated near a writing table on which are several books3 he is reading a small volume with deep attention4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,ah6 how shallow is my mind6 ,how confined6 and how restricted6#c ,ah6 how driftless are my words6 ,and my thoughts themselves how driftless6 ,since ,i cannot comprehend1 ,cannot pierce the secrets hidden ,in this little book that ,i ,found by chance with others mingled4 ,i its meaning cannot reach1 ,howsoe'er my mind ,i rivet1 ,though to this1 and this alone1 ,many a day has now been given4 ,but ,i cannot therefore yield1 ,must not own myself outwitted3-- ,no2 a studious toil so great ,should not end in aught so little4 ,o'er this book my whole life long ,shall ,i brood until the riddle ,is made plain1 or till some sage ,simplifies what here is written4 ,for which end ,i 'll read once more ,its beginning4 ,how my instinct ,uses the same word with which ,even the book itself beginneth6-- ,in the beginning was the ,word 4 4#d ,if in language plain and simple ,word means speech1 how then was it ,in the beginning8 ,since a whisper ,presupposes power to breathe it1 ,proves an earlier existence1 ,and to that anterior ,power ,here the book doth not bear witness4 ,then this follows3 ,and the ,word ,was with ,god--nay more1 't is written1 ,and the ,word was ,god3 was with ,him ,in the beginning1 and by ,,him then ,all created things were made ,and without ,him naught was finshed3-- ,oh6 what mysteries1 what wonders1 ,in this tangled labyrinthine ,maze lie hid6 which ,i so many ,years have studied1 with such mingled ,aid from lore divine and human ,have in vain tried to unriddle6-- ,in the beginning was the ,word4-- ,yes1 but when was this beginning8 ,was it when ,jove1 ,neptune1 ,pluto ,shared the triple zones betwixt them1 ,when the one took to himself ,heaven supreme1 one hell's abysses1 ,and the sea the third1 to ,ceres ,leaving earth1 the ever-winged ,time to ,saturn1 fire to ,phoebus1 ,and the air to ,jove's great sister8#e-- ,no1 it could not have been then1 ,for the fact of their partition ,shows that heaven and earth then were1 ,shows that sea and land existed3-- ,the beginning then must be ,something more remote and distant3 ,he who has expressly said ',the beginning1' must have hinted ,at the primal cause of all things1 ,at the first and great beginning1 ,all things growing out of ,,him1 ,he himself the pre-existent3-- ,yes1 but then a new beginning ,must we seek for this beginner1 ,and so on ad infinitum2 ,since if ,i1 on soaring pinion ,seek from facts to rise to causes1 ,rising still from where ,i had risen1 ,i will find at length there is ,no beginning to the beginning1 ,and the inference that time ,somehow was1 ere time existed1 ,and that that which ne'er begun ,ne'er can end1 is plain and simple4 ,but1 my thought1 remain not here1 ,rest not in those narrow limits1 ,but rise up with me and dare ,heights that make the brain grow dizzy3-- ,and at once to enter there1 ,other things being pretermitted1 ,let us venture where the mind1 ,as the darkness round it thickens1 ,almost faints as we resume ,what this mystic scribe has written4 ,and the ,word1 this writer says1 ,was made flesh6 ,ah6 how can this be8 ,could the ,word that in the beginning ,was with ,god1 was ,god1 was gifted ,with such power as to make all things1 ,could it be made flesh8 ,in pity1 ,heavens6 or take from me at once ,all the sense that you have given me1 ,or at once on me bestow ,some intelligence1 some glimmer ,of clear light through these dark shadows3-- ,deity1 unknown and hidden1 ,god or ,word1 whate'er thou beest1 ,of ,thyself the great beginner1 ,of ,thyself the end1 if1 ,thou ,being ,thyself beyond time's sickle1 ,still in time the world didst fashion1 ,if ,thou 'rt life1 ,o living spirit1 ,if ,thou 'rt light1 my darkened senses ,with ,thy life and light enkindle6-- 7,the voices of two spirits are heard from within1 one at each side47 ,first ,voice4 ,hear1 ,chrysanthus 4 4 4 ,second ,voice4 ,listen 4 4 4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,two ,voices1 if they are not instincts1 ,shadows without soul or body1 ,which my fancy forms within me1 ,are contending in my bosom ,each with each at the same instant4 7,two figures appear on high1 one clothed in a dark robe dotted with stars2 the other in a bright and beautiful mantle3 ,chrysanthus does not see them1 but in the following scene ever speaks to himself47 ,first ,voice4 ,what this crabbed text here meaneth ,by the ,word1 is plain and simple1 ,it is ,jove to whose great voice ,gods and men obedient listen4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,jove1 it must be ,jove1 by whom ,breath1 speech1 life itself are given4 ,second ,voice4 ,what the holy ,gospel means ,by the ,word1 is that great ,spirit ,who was in ,himself for ever1 ,first1 last1 always self-existent4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,self-existent6 first and last6 ,reason cannot grasp that dictum4 ,first ,voice4 ,in the beginning of the world ,jove in heaven his high throne fixed1 ,leaving less imperial thrones ,to the other gods to fill them4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,yes1 if he could not alone ,rule creation unassisted4 ,second ,voice4 ,god was ,god1 long1 long before ,earth or heaven's blue vault existed1 ,he was in ,himself1 ere ,he ,gave to time its life and mission4 ,first ,voice4 ,worship only pay to ,jove1 ,god o'er all our gods uplifted4 ,second ,voice4 ,worship pay to ,god alone1 ,he the infinite1 the omniscient4 ,first ,voice4 ,he doth lord the world below4 ,second ,voice4 ,he is ,lord of ,heaven's high kingdom4 ,first ,voice4 ,shun the lightnings of his wrath4 ,second ,voice4 ,seek the waves of his forgiveness4 ,the ,figures disappear4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,oh6 what darkness1 what confusion1 ,in myself ,i find here pitted ',gainst each other6 ,spirits twain ,struggle desperately within me1 ,spirits twain of good and ill1-- ,one with gentle impulse wins me ,to believe1 but1 oh6 the other ,with opposing force resistless ,drives me back to doubt3 ,oh6 who ,will dispel these doubts that fill me8 ,,polemius 7within74 ,yes1 ,carpophorus must pay ,for the trouble that this gives me4-- ,,chrysanthus4 ,though these words by chance were spoken ,as an omen ,i 'll admit them3 ,since ,carpophorus 7who in ,rome ,was the most renowned1 most gifted ,master in all science71 now ,flying from the emperor's lictors1 ,through suspect of being a ,christian1 ,in lone deserts wild and dismal ,lives a saintly savage life1 ,he will give to all my wishes ,the solution of these doubts3-- ,and till then1 ,o restless thinking ,torture me and tease no more6 ,let me live for that6 ,his voice gradually rises4 ,,escarpin 7within74 ,within there ,my young master calls4 ,,claudius 7within74 ,all enter4 7,enter ,polemius1 ,claudius1 ,aurelius1 and ,escarpin74 ,,polemius4 ,my ,chrysanthus1 what afflicts thee8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,canst thou have been here1 my father8 ,,polemius4 ,no1 my son1 't was but this instant ,that ,i entered here1 alarmed ,by the strange and sudden shrillness ,of thy voice2 and though ,i had ,on my hands important business1 ,grave and weighty1 since to me ,hath the ,emperor transmitted ,this decree1 which bids me search ,through the mountains for the ,christians ,hidden there1 and specially ,for ,carpophorus1 their admitted ,chief and teacher1 for which cause ,i my voice too thus uplifted-- ,yes1 ,carpophorus must pay ,for the trouble that this gives me-- ,i left all at hearing thee4-- ,why so absent8 so bewildered8 ,what 's the reason8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,sir1 't is naught4 ,,polemius4 ,whom didst thou address8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,here sitting ,i was reading to myself1 ,and perchance conceived some image ,i may have addressed in words ,which have from my memory flitted4 ,,polemius4 ,the grave sadness that o'erwhelms thee ,will1 unless it be resisted1 ,undermine thy understanding1 ,if thou hast it still within thee4 ,,claudius4 ',t is a loud soliloquy1 ',t is a rather audible whisper ,that compels one's friends to hasten ,full of fear to his assistance6 ,,chrysanthus4 ,well1 excitement may 4 4 4 ,,polemius4 ,oh6 cease2 ,that excuse will scarce acquit thee1 ,since when one 's alone1 excitement ,is a flame that 's seldom kindled4 ,i am pleased1 well pleased to see thee ,to the love of books addicted1 ,but then application should not ,to extremes like this be driven1 ,nor should letters alienate thee ,from thy country1 friends1 and kinsmen4 ,,claudius4 ,a young man by heaven so favoured1 ,with such rare endowments gifted1 ,blessed with noble birth and valour1 ,dowered with genius1 rank1 and riches1 ,can he yield to such enthralment1 ,can he make his room a prison1 ,can he waste in idle reading ,the fair flower of his existence8 ,,polemius4 ,dost thou not remember also ,that thou art my son8 ,bethink thee ,that the great ,numerianus1 ,our good emperor1 has given me ,the grand government of ,rome ,as chief senator of the city1 ,and with that imperial burden ,the whole world too--all the kingdoms1 ,all the provinces subjected ,to its varied1 vast dominion4 ,know'st thou not1 from ,alexandria1 ,from my native land1 my birth-place1 ,where on many a proud escutcheon ,my ancestral fame is written1 ,that he brought me here1 the weight ,of his great crown to bear with him1 ,and that ,rome upon my entry ,gave to me a recognition ,that repaid the debt it owed me1 ,since the victories were admitted ,which in glorious alternation ,by my sword and pen were given her8 ,through what vanity1 what folly1 ,wilt thou not enjoy thy birth-right ,as my son and heir1 indulging ,solely in these idle whimseys8-- ,,chrysanthus4 ,sir1 the state in which you see me1 ,this secluded room1 this stillness1 ,do not spring from want of feeling1 ,or indifference to your wishes4 ',t is my natural disposition2 ,for ,i have no taste to mingle ,in the vulgar vain pursuits ,of the courtier crowds ambitious4 ,and if living to myself here ,more of true enjoyment gives me1 ,why would you desire me seek for ,that which must my joys diminish8 ,let this time of sadness pass1 ,let these hours of lonely vigil1 ,then for fame and its applauses1 ,which no merit of my own1 ,but my father's name may bring me4 ,,polemius4 ,would it not1 my son1 be fitter ,that you should enjoy those plaudits ,in the fresh and blooming spring-time ,of your life1 and to hereafter ,leave the loneliness and vigil8 ,,escarpin4 ,let me tell a little story ,which will make the whole thing simple3-- ,a bad painter bought a house1 ,altogether a bad business1 ,for the house itself was bad3 ,he however was quite smitten ,with his purchase1 and would show it ,to a friend of his1 keen-witted1 ,but bad also3 when they entered1 ,the first room was like a kitchen1 ,black and bad3--,this room1 you see1 sir1 ,now is bad1 but just permit me ,first to have it whitewashed over1 ,then shall my own hand with pictures ,paint the walls from floor to ceiling1 ,then you 'll see how bright 't will glisten4-- ,to him thus his friend made answer1 ,smiling archly3 ,yes1 't will glisten1 ,but if you would paint it first1 ,and then whitewash o'er the pictures1 ,the effect would be much better4-- ,now 's the time for you1 my lord1 ,to lay on the shining pigment3 ,on that brilliant ground hereafter ,will the whitewash fall more fitly1 ,for1 in fine1 the poorest painting ,is improved by time's slow finger4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,sir1 ,i say1 that in obedience ,to your precepts1 to your wishes1 ,i will strive from this day forward ,so to act1 that you will think me ,changed into another being4 ,exit4 ,,polemius4 ,claudius1 my paternal instinct ,makes me fear ,chrysanthus' sadness1 ,makes we tremble that its issue ,may result in total madness4 ,since thou art his friend and kinsman ,both combined1 make out1 ,i pray thee1 ,what occasions this bewitchment1 ,to the end that ,i may break it3 ,and my promise now ,i give thee1 ,that although ,i should discover ,love's delirious dream delicious ,may be at the root1--most likely ,at his age the true suspicion1-- ,it shall not disturb or grieve me4 ,nay1 since ,i am doomed to witness ,his dejection1 it will glad me ,to find out that so it springeth4 ,,escarpin4 ,once a high priest of ,apollo ,had two nephews soft and silly1 ,more than silly1 wretched creatures1 ,more than wretched1 doltish drivels2 ,and perceiving from experience ,how love smartens up its victims1 ,he but said to them this only1 ,fall in love at least1 ye ninnies4-- ,thus1 though not in love1 sir1 now1 ,i 'll be bound he 'll be so quickly1 ,merely to oblige you4 ,,polemius4 ,this ,is not quite as ,i would wish it1 ,for when anything has happened1 ,the desire to know it1 differs ,from the wish it so should happen4 ,,claudius4 ,i1 my lord1 my best assistance ,offer thee to strive and fathom ,from what cause can have arisen ,such dejection and such sadness2 ,this henceforth shall be my business ,to divert him and distract him4 ,,polemius4 ,such precisely are my wishes3 ,and since now ,i am forced to go ,in obedience to the mission ,sent me by ,numerianus1 ',mid the wastes to search for ,christians1 ,in my absence1 ,claudius1 ,most consoling thoughts 't will give me1 ,to remember that thou watchest ,o'er ,chrysanthus4 ,,claudius4 ,from this instant ,until thy return1 ,i promise ,not to leave his side4 ,,polemius4 ,aurelius 4 4 4 ,,aurelius4 ,my good lord4 ,,polemius4 ,art sure thou knowest ,in this mountain the well-hidden ,cave wherein ,carpophorus dwelleth8 ,,aurelius4 ,him ,i promise to deliver ,to thy hands4 ,,polemius4 ,then lead the soldiers ,stealthily and with all quickness ,to the spot1 for all must perish ,who are there found hiding with him3-- ,for the care with which1 ye ,heavens6 ,i uphold the true religion ,of the gods1 their faith and worship1 ,for the zeal that ,i exhibit ,in thus crushing ,christ's new law1 ,which ,i hate with every instinct ,of my soul1 oh6 grant my guerdon ,in the cure of my son's illness6 ,exeunt ,polemius and ,aurelius4 ,,claudius 7to ,escarpin74 ,go and tell my lord ,chrysanthus ,that ,i wish he would come with me ,forth to-day for relaxation4 ,,escarpin4 ,relaxation6 just say whither ,are we to go forth to get it2 ,of that comfort ,i get little-- ,,claudius4 ,outside ,rome1 ,diana's temple ,on the ,salarian way uplifteth ,its majestic front3 the fairest ,of our ,roman maids dwell in it3 ',t is the custom1 as thou knowest1 ,that the loveliest of ,rome's children ,whom patrician blood ennobles1 ,from their tender years go thither ,to be priestesses of the goddess1 ,living there till 't is permitted ,they should marry3 't is the centre ,of all charms1 the magic circle ,drawn around a land of beauty-- ,home of deities--,elysium6-- ,and as great ,diana is ,goddess of the groves1 her children ,have to her an altar raised ,in the loveliest cool green thicket4 ,thither1 when the evening falleth1 ,and the season is propitious1 ,various squadrons of fair nymphs ,hasten3 and it is permitted ,gallant youths1 unmarried also1 ,as an escort to go with them4 ,there this evening will ,i lead him4 ,,escarpin4 ,well1 ,i doubt that your prescription ,is the best3 for fair recluses1 ,whose sublime pursuits1 restricted ,to celestial things1 make even ,the most innocent thought seem wicked1 ,are by no means likely persons ,to divert a man afflicted ,with this melancholy madness3 ,better take him into the thickest ,throng of ,rome1 there flesh and bone ,goddesses he 'll find1 and fitter4-- ,,claudius4 ,ah6 you speak but as the vulgar3 ,is it not the bliss of blisses ,to adore some lovely being ,in the ideal1 in the distance1 ,almost as a vision8-- ,,escarpin4 ,yes2 ',t is delightful2 ,i admit it1 ,but there 's good and better3 think ,of the choice that once a simple ,mother gave her son3 she said3 ,egg or rasher1 which will ,i give thee8 ,and he said3 ,the rasher1 mother1 ,but with the egg upon it1 prithee4 ,both are best1 so says the proverb4 ,,claudius4 ,well1 if tastes did n't sometimes differ1 ,what a notable mistake ,providence would have committed6 ,to adore thee1 sweetest ,cynthia1 aside ,is the height of all my wishes3 ,as it well may be1 for am ,i ,worthy1 worship even to give her8 ,exeunt4 ,,scene ,,the ,,second ,a ,wood near ,rome4 7,enter ,,nisida and ,,chloris1 the latter with a lyre74 ,,nisida4 ,have you brought the instrument8 ,,chloris4 ,yes4 ,,nisida4 ,then give it me1 for here ,in this tranquil forest sphere1 ,where the boughs and blossoms blent1 ,ruby blooms and emerald stems1 ,round about their radiance fling1 ,where the canopy of spring ,breathes of flowers and gleams with gems1 ,here ,i wish that air to play1 ,which to words that ,cynthia wrote ,i have set--a simple note4 ,,chloris4 ,and the song1 senora1 say1 ,what 's the theme8 ,,nisida4 ,a touching strain1-- ,how a nightingale in a grove ,singing sweetly of his love1 ,sang its pleasure and its pain4 ,enter ,,cynthia 7reading in a book74 ,,cynthia 7to herself74 ,whilst each alley here discloses ,youthful nymphs1 who as they pass ,to ,diana's shrine1 the grass ,turn to beds of fragrant roses1-- ,where the interlaced bars ,of these woods their beauty dowers ,seem a verdant sky of flowers-- ,seem an azure field of stars4 ,i shall here recline and read 7,while they wander through the grove7 ,ovid's ',remedy of ,love4' ,,nisida 7to ,chloris74 ,hear the words and air4 ,,chloris4 ,proceed4 ,,nisida 7singing74 ,o nightingale1 whose sweet exulting strain ,tells of thy triumphs to the listening grove1 ,thou fill'st my heart with envy and with pain4 ,but no2 but no2 for if thou sing'st of love1 ,jealousy's pangs and sorrow's tears remain4 ,,cynthia 7advancing74 ,what a charming air6 ,to me ,what an honour6 ,from this day ,i may well be vain1 as they ,may without presumption be1 ,who1 despite their numerous slips1 ,find their words can please the ear1 ,who their rugged verses hear ,turn to music on thy lips4 ,,nisida4 ',t is thine own genius1 not my skill1 ,that produces this effect2 ,for1 without it1 ,i suspect1 ,would my voice sound harsh and shrill1 ,and my lute's strings should be broken ,with a just and wholesome rigour1 ,for presuming to disfigure ,what thy words so well have spoken4 ,whither wert thou wending here8 ,,cynthia4 ,through the quiet wood proceeding1 ,i the poet's book was reading1 ,when there fell upon my ear1 ,soft and sweet1 thy voice3 its power1 ,gentle lodestone of my feet1 ,brought me to this green retreat-- ,led me to this lonely bower3 ,but what wonder1 when to listen ,to thy sweetly warbled words ,ceased the music of the birds-- ,of the founts that glide and glisten8 ,may ,i hope that1 since ,i came ,thus so opportunely near1 ,i the gloss may also hear8 ,,nisida4 ,i will sing it1 though with shame4 7,sings7 ,sweet nightingale1 that from some echoing grot ,singest the rapture of thy love aloud1 ,singest with voice so joyous and so proud1 ,all unforgetting thou mayst be forgot1 ,full of thyself and of thy happy lot6 ,ah6 when thou trillest that triumphant strain ,to all the listening lyrists of the grove1 ,thou fill'st my heart with envy and with pain6 ,but no2 but no2 for if thou sing'st of love4 ,jealousy's pangs and sorrow's tears remain6 ,enter ,,daria4 ,,daria4 ,ah6 my ,nisida1 forbear1 ,ah6 those words forbear to sing1 ,which on zephyr's wanton wing ,thou shouldst waft not on the air4 ,all is wrong1 how sweet it be1 ,that the vestal's thoughts reprove3 ,what is jealousy8 what is love8 ,that they should be sung by thee8 ,think this wood is consecrated ,to ,diana's service solely1 ,not to ,venus3 it is holy4 ,why then wouldst thou desecrate it ,with thy songs8 ,does 't not amaze ,thee thyself--this strangest thing-- ,in ,diana's grove to sing ,hymns of love to ,cupid's praise8 ,but ,i need not wonder1 no1 ,that thou 'rt so amused1 since ,i ,here see ,cynthia with thee4 ,,cynthia4 ,why ,dost thou say so8 ,,daria4 ,i say so ,for good cause3 in books profane ,thou unceasingly delightest1 ,verse thou readest1 verse thou writest1 ,of their very vanity vain4 ,and if thou wouldst have me prove ,what ,i say to thy proceeding1 ,tell me1 what 's this book thou 'rt reading8 ,,cynthia4 ',t is ,the ,remedy of ,love4 ,whence thou mayst perceive how weak ,is thy inference1 thy deduction ,from my studious self-instruction2 ,since the patient who doth seek ,remedies to cure his pain ,shows by this he would grow better2-- ,for the slave who breaks his fetter ,cannot surely love his chain4 ,,nisida4 ,this1 though not put quite so strong1 ,was involved in the conclusion ,of my lay3 ,love's disillusion ,was the burden of my song4 ,,daria4 ,remedies and disillusions1 ,seek ye both beneath one star8 ,ah6 if so1 you are not far ,from its pains and its confusions3 ,for the very fact of pleading ,disillusion1 shows that thou ',neath illusion's yoke doth bow1-- ,and the patient who is needing ,remedies doth prove that still ,the sharp pang he doth endure1 ,for there 's no one seeks a cure ,ere he feels that he is ill3-- ,therefore to this wrong proceeding ,grieved am ,i to see ye clinging-- ,seeking thou thy cure in singing-- ,thou thy remedy in reading4 ,,cynthia4 ,casual actions of this class ,that are done without intention ,of a second end1 to mention ,here were out of place3 ,i pass ,to another point3 ,there 's no one ,who with genius1 or denied it1-- ,dowered with mind1 but has applied it ,some especial track to go on3 ,this variety suffices ,for its exercise and action1 ,just as some by free attraction ,seek the virtues and the vices2-- ,this blind instinct1 or this duty1 ,we three share2--'t is thy delight ,nisida to sing1--to write ,mine1--and thine to adore thy beauty4 ,which of these three occupations ,is the best--or those that need ,skill and labour to succeed1 ,or thine own vain contemplations8-- ,have ,i not1 when morning's rays ,gladdened grove and vale and mountain1 ,seen thee in the crystal fountain ,at thyself enamoured gaze8 ,wherefore1 once again returning ,to our argument of love1 ,thou a greater pang must prove1 ,if from thy insatiate yearning ,i infer a cause3 the spell ,lighter falls on one who still1 ,to herself not feeling ill1 ,would in other eyes seem well4 ,,daria4 ,ah6 so far1 so far from me ,is the wish as vain as weak-- 7,now my virtue doth not speak1 ,now but speaks my vanity71 ,ah6 so far1 ,i say1 my breast ,turns away from things of love1 ,that the sovereign hand of ,jove1 ,were it to attempt its best1 ,could no greater wonder work1 ,than that ,i1 ,daria1 should ,so be changed in mind and mood ,as to let within me lurk ,love's minutest1 smallest seed3-- ,only upon one condition ,could ,i love1 and that fruition ,then would be my pride indeed4 ,,cynthia4 ,what may that condition be8 ,,daria4 ,when of all mankind1 ,i knew ,one who felt a love so true ,as to give his life for me1 ,then1 until my own life fled1 ,him1 with gratitude and pride1 ,were ,i sure that so he died1 ,i would love though he were dead4 ,,nisida4 ,poor reward for love so great ,were that tardy recollection1 ,since1 it seems1 for thy affection ,he1 till life is o'er1 must wait4 ,,cynthia4 ,soars thy vanity so high8 ,thy presumption is above ,all belief3 be sure1 for love ,no man will be found to die4 ,,daria4 ,why more words then8 love must be ,in my case denied by heaven3 ,since my love cannot be given ,save to one who 'll die for me4 ,,cynthia4 ,thy ambition is a thing ,so sublime1 what can be said8-- ,better ,i resumed and read1 ,better1 ,nisida1 thou shouldst sing1 ,this disdain so strange and strong1 ,this delusion little heeding4 ,,nisida4 ,yes1 do thou resume thy reading1 ,i too will resume my song4 ,,daria4 ,i1 that ,i may not renew ,such reproaches1 whilst you sing1 ,whilst you read1 in this clear spring ,thoughtfully myself shall view4 ,,nisida sings4 ,o nightingale1 whose sweet exulting strain ,tells of thy triumphs to the listening grove1 ,thou fill'st my heart with envy and with pain6-- ,but no1 but no1 for if thou sing'st of love ,jealousy's pangs and sorrow's tears remain6 ,enter ,,chrysanthus1 ,,claudius1 and ,,escarpin4 ,,claudius1 to ,chrysanthus4 ,does not the beauty of this wood1 ,this tranquil wood1 delight thee8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,yes3 ,here nature's lord doth dower and bless ,the world in most indulgent mood4 ,who could believe this greenwood here ,for the first time has blessed mine eyes8 ,,claudius4 ,it is the second ,paradise1 ,of deities the verdant sphere4 ,,chrysanthus4 ',t is more1 this green and grassy glade ,whither our careless steps have strolled1 ,for here three objects we behold ,equally fair by distance made4 ,of these that chain our willing feet1 ,there yonder where the path is leading1 ,one is a lady calmly reading1 ,one is a lady singing sweet1 ,and one whose rapt though idle air ,gives us to understand this truth-- ,a woman blessed with charms and youth1 ,does quite enough in being fair4 ,,escarpin4 ,you are quite right in that1 ,i 've seen ,beauties enough of that sort too4 ,,claudius4 ,if of the three here given to view1 ,the choice were thine to choose between1 ,which of them best would suit thy taste8 ,which wouldst thou make thy choice of1 say8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i do not know3 for in one way ,they so with equal gifts are graced1 ,so musical and fair and wise1 ,that while one captivates the mind1 ,one works her witcheries with the wind1 ,and one1 the fairest1 charms our eyes4 ,the one who sings1 it seems a duty1 ,trusting her sweet voice1 to think sweet1 ,the one who reads1 to deem discreet1 ,the third1 we judge but by her beauty3 ,and so ,i fear by act or word ,to wrong the three by judging ill1 ,of one her charms1 of one her skill1 ,and the intelligence of the third4 ,for to choose one does wrong to two1 ,but if ,i so presumed to dare 4 4 4 ,,claudius4 ,which would it be8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,the one that 's fair4 ,,escarpin4 ,my blessings on your choice and you6 ,that 's my opinion in the case1 ',t is plain at least to my discerning ,that in a woman wit and learning ,are nothing to a pretty face4 ,,nisida4 ,chloris1 quick1 take up the lyre1 ,for a rustling noise ,i hear ,in this shady thicket near3 ,yes1 ,i 'm right1 ,i must retire4 ,swift as feet can fly ,i 'll go4 ,for these men that here have strayed ,must have heard me while ,i played4 ,exeunt ,nisida and ,chloris4 ,,cynthia4 ,one of them ,i think ,i know4 ,yes1 't is ,claudius1 as ,i thought1 ,now he has a chance3 ,i 'll see ,if he cares to follow me1 ,guessing rightly what has brought ,me to-day unto the grove3-- ,ah6 if love to grief is leading ,of what use to me is reading ,in the ,remedies of ,love8 ,exit4 ,,daria 7to herself74 ,in these bowers by trees o'ergrown1 ,here contented ,i remain1 ,all companionship is vain1 ,save my own sweet thoughts alone3-- ,,claudius4 ,dear ,chrysanthus1 your election ,was to me both loss and gain1 ,gave me pleasure1 gave me pain3-- ,it seemed plain to my affection 7,being in love7 your choice should fall ,on the maid of pensive look1 ,not on her who read the book3 ,but your praise made up for all4 ,and since each has equal force1 ,my complaint and gratulation1 ,whilst with trembling expectation ,i pursue my own love's course1 ,try your fortune too1 till we ,meet again4 ,exit4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,confused ,i stay1 ,without power to go away1 ,spirit-bound1 my feet not free4 ,from the instant that on me1 ,as a sudden beam might dart1 ,flashed that form which ,phidian art ,could not reach1 ,i 've known no rest4-- ,babylon is in my breast-- ,troy is burning in my heart4 ,,escarpin4 ,strange that ,i should feel as you1 ,that one thought should fire us two1 ,i too1 sir1 have lost my senses ,since ,i saw that lady4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,who1 ,madman6 fool6 do you speak of8 you6 ,dare to feel those griefs of mine6-- ,,escarpin4 ,no1 sir1 yours ,i quite resign1 ,would ,i could my own ones too6-- ,,chrysanthus4 ,leave me1 or my wrath you 'll rue2 ,hence6 buffoon3 by heaven ,i swear it1 ,i will kill you else4 ,,escarpin4 ,i go3-- ,for if you address her1 oh6 ,could my jealous bosom bear it8 aside ,exit4 ,,chrysanthus 7to ,daria74 ,if my boldness so may dare it1 ,i desire to ask1 senora1 ,if thou art this heaven's ,aurora1 ,if the goddess of this fountain1 ,if the ,juno of this mountain1 ,if of these bright flowers the ,flora1 ,so that ,i may rightly know ,in what style should speak to thee ,my hushed voice 4 4 4 but pardon me ,now ,i would not thou said'st so4 ,looking at thee now1 the glow ,of thy beauty so excelleth1 ,every charm so plainly telleth ,thou ,diana's self must be2 ,yes1 ,diana's self is she1 ,who within her grove here dwelleth4 ,,daria4 ,if1 before you spoke to me1 ,you desired my name to know1 ,i in your case act not so1 ,since ,i speak1 whoe'er you be1 ,forced1 but most unwillingly 7,as to listening heaven is plain7 ,to reply3--a bootless task ,were it in me1 indeed1 to ask1 ,since1 whoe'er you be1 my strain ,must be one of proud disdain4 ,so ,i pray you1 cavalier1 ,leave me in this lonely wood1 ,leave me in the solitude ,i enjoyed ere you came here4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,sweetly1 but with tone severe1 ,thus my error you reprove-- ,that of asking in this grove ,what your name is3 you 're so fair1 ,that1 whatever name you bear1 ,i must tell you of my love4 ,,daria4 ,love6 a word to me unknown1 ,sounds so strangely in my ears1 ,that my heart nor feels nor hears ,aught of it when it has flown4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,then there is no rashness shown ,in repeating it once more1 ,since to hear or to ignore ,suits alike your stoic coldness4 ,,daria4 ,yes1 the speech1 but not the boldness ,of the speaker ,i pass o'er1 ,for this word1 whate'er it be1 ,when it breaks upon my ear1 ,quick 't is gone1 although ,i hear4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,you forget it8 ,,daria4 ,instantly4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what6 love's sweetest word6 ah1 me6 ,canst forget the mightiest ray ,death can dart1 or heaven display8 ,,daria4 ,yes1 for lightning1 entering where ,naught resists1 is lost in air4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,how8 what way8 ,,daria4 ,well1 in this way3 ,if two doors in one straight line ,open lie1 and lightning falls1 ,then the bolt between the walls ,passes through1 and leaves no sign4 ,so 't is with this word of thine2 ,though love be1 which ,i do n't doubt1 ,like heaven's bolt that darts about1 ,still two opposite doors ,i 've here1 ,and what enters by one ear ,by the other ear goes out4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,if this lightning then darts through ,where no door lies open wide ,to let it pass at the other side1 ,must not fire and flame ensue8 ,this being so1 't is also true ,that the fire of love that flies ,into my heart1 in flames must rise1 ,since without its feast of fire ,the fatal flash cannot retire1 ,that has entered by the eyes4 ,,daria4 ,if to what ,i said but now ,you had listened1 ,i believe ,you would have preferred to leave ,still unspoken love's vain vow4 ,this you would yourself allow4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what then was it8 ,,daria4 ,i do n't know3 ,something 't was that typified ,my presumption and my pride4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,let me know it even so4 ,,daria4 ,that in me no love could grow ,save for one who first would die ,for my love4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,and death being past1 ,would he win your love at last8-- ,,daria4 ,yes1 on that he might rely4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,then ,i plight my troth that ,i ,will to that reward aspire1-- ,a poor offering at the fire ,by those beauteous eyes supplied4 ,,daria4 ,but as you have not yet died1 ,pray do n't follow me1 but retire4 ,exit4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,in what bosom1 at one moment1 ,oh6 ye heavens6 e'er met together#f ,such a host of anxious troubles8 ,such a crowd of boding terrors8 ,can ,i be the same calm student ,who awhile ago here wended8 ,to a miracle of beauty1 ,to a fair face now surrendered1 ,i scarce know what brought me hither1 ,i my purpose scarce remember4 ,what bewitchment1 what enchantment1 ,what strange lethargy1 what frenzy ,can have to my heart1 those eyes ,such divine delirium sent me8 ,what divinity1 desirous ,that ,i should not know the endless ,mysteries of the book ,i carry1 ,in my path such snares presenteth1 ,seeking from these serious studies ,to distract me and divert me8 ,but what 's this ,i say8 ,one passion ,accidentally developed1 ,should not be enough1 no1 no1 ,from myself myself to sever4 ,if the violence of one star ,draws me to a deity's service1 ,it compels not2 for the planets ,draw1 but force not1 the affections4 ,free is yet my will1 my mind too1 ,free is still my heart3 then let me ,try to solve more noble problems ,than the doubts that love presenteth4 ,and since ,claudius1 the new ,clytie#g ,of the sun1 whose golden tresses ,lead him in pursuit1 her footsteps ,follows through the wood1 my servant ,having happily too departed1 ,and since yonder rocks where endeth ,the dark wood in savage wildness ,must be the rude rustic shelter ,of the ,christians who fled thither1 ,i 'll approach them to endeavour ,to find there ,carpophorus3-- ,he alone1 the wise1 the learned1 ,can my understanding rescue ,from its night-mare dreams and guesses4 ,exit4 ,,scene ,,iii4 ,the extremity of the wood3 wild rocks with the entrance to a cave4 ,carpophorus comes forth from the cave1 but is for a while unseen by ,chrysanthus1 who enters4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what a labyrinthine thicket ,is this place that ,i have entered6 ,nature here takes little trouble1 ,letting it be seen how perfect ,is the beauty that arises ,even from nature's careless efforts3 ,deep within this darksome grotto ,which no sunbeam's light can enter1 ,i shall penetrate3 it seemeth ,as if until now it never ,had been trod by human footsteps4 ,there where yonder marge impendeth ,o'er a streamlet that swift-flying ,carries with it the white freshness ,of the snows that from the mountains ,ever in its waves are melted1 ,stands almost a skeleton2 ,the sole difference it presenteth ,to the tree-trunks near it is1 ,that it moves as well as trembles1 ,slow and gaunt1 a living corse4 ,oh6 thou venerable elder ,who1 a reason-gifted tree1 ,mid mere natural trees here dwelleth4-- ,,carpophorus4 ,wo6 oh6 wo is me6--a ,roman6 7,at seeing ,chrysanthus1 he attempts to fly47 ,,chrysanthus4 ,though a ,roman1 do not dread me3 ,with no evil end ,i seek thee4 ,,carpophorus4 ,then what wouldst thou have1 thou gentle ,roman youth8 for thou hast silenced ,my first fears even by thy presence4 ,,chrysanthus4 ',t is to ask1 what now ,i ask thee1 ,of the rocks that in this desert ,gape for ever open wide ,in eternal yawns incessant1 ,which is the rough marble tomb ,of a living corse interred here8 ,which of these dark caves is that ,in whose gloom ,carpophorus dwelleth8 ',t is important ,i speak with him4 ,,carpophorus4 ,then1 regarding not the perils1 ,i will own it4 ,i myself ,am ,carpophorus4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,oh6 let me1 ,father1 feel thy arms enfold me4 ,,carpophorus4 ,to my heart3 for as ,i press thee1 ,how1 ,i know not1 the mere contact ,brings me back again the freshness ,and the greenness of my youth1 ,like the vine's embracing tendrils ,twining round an aged tree3 ,gallant youth1 who art thou8 tell me4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,father1 ,i am called ,chrysanthus1 ,of ,polemius1 the first member ,of the ,roman senate1 son4 ,,carpophorus4 ,and thy purpose8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,it distresses ,me to see thee standing thus3 ,on this bank sit down and rest thee4 ,,carpophorus4 ,kindly thought of2 for1 alas6 ,i a tottering wall resemble3 ,at the mouth of this my cave ,let us then sit down together4 ,they sit down4 ,what now wouldst thou have1 ,sir ,stranger8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,sir1 as long as ,i remember1 ,i have felt an inclination ,to the love of books and letters4 ,in my casual studies lately ,i a difficulty met with ,that ,i could not solve1 and knowing ,no one in all ,rome more learned ,than thyself 7thy reputation ,having with this truth impressed me7 ,i have hither come to ask thee ,to explain to me this sentence3 ,for ,i cannot understand it4 ',t is1 sir1 in this book4 ,,carpophorus4 ,pray1 let me ,see it then4 ,,chrysanthus4 ',t is at the beginning2 ,nay1 the sentence that perplexes ,me so much is that4 ,,carpophorus4 ,why1 these ,are the ,holy ,gospels6 ,heavens6 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what6 you kiss the book8 ,,carpophorus4 ,and press it ,to my forehead1 thus suggesting ,the profound respect with which ,i even touch so great a treasure4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,why1 what is the book1 which ,i ,by mere accident selected8 ,,carpophorus4 ',t is the basis1 the foundation ,of the ,scripture ,law4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i tremble ,with an unknown horror4 ,,carpophorus4 ,why8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,deeper now ,i would not enter ,into the secrets of a book ,which are magic spells1 ,i 'm certain4 ,,carpophorus4 ,no1 not so1 but vital truths4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,how can that be1 when its verses ,open with this line that says 7,a beginning surely senseless7 ,in the beginning was the ,word1 ,and it was with ,god3 and then it ,adds3 this ,word itself was ,god2 ,then unto the ,word reverting1 ,says explicitly that ,,it ,was made flesh8 ,,carpophorus4 ,a truth most certain3 ,for this first evangelist ,here to us our ,god presenteth ,in a twofold way3 the first ,as being ,god1 as ,man the second4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,god and ,man combined together8 ,,carpophorus4 ,yes1 in one eternal ,person ,are both natures joined together4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,then1 for this is what more presses ,on my mind1 can that same ,word ,when it was made flesh1 be reckoned ,god8 ,,carpophorus4 ,yes1 ,god and ,man is ,christ ,crucified for our transgressions4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,pray explain this wondrous problem4 ,,carpophorus4 ,he is ,god1 because ,he never ,was created3 ,he is the ,word1 ,for1 besides1 ,he was engendered ,by the ,father1 from both whom ,in eternal due procession ,comes the ,holy ,ghost1 three ,persons1 ,but one ,god1 thrice mystic emblem6-- ,in the ,catholic faith we hold ,in one ,trinity one ,god dwelleth1 ,and that in one ,god is also ,one sole ,trinity1 ever blessed1 ,which confounds not the three ,persons1 ,nor the single substance severs4 ,one is the person of the ,father1 ,one the ,son's1 beloved for ever1 ,one1 the third1 the ,holy ,ghost's4 ,but though three1 you must remember ,that in the ,father1 and in the ,son1 ,and in the ,holy ,ghost 4 4 4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,unheard of ,mysteries these6 ,,carpophorus4 ,there 's but one ,god1 ,equal in the power exerted1 ,equal in the state and glory2 ,for 4 4 4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i listen1 but ,i tremble4 ,,carpophorus4 ,the eternal ,father is ,limitless1 even so unmeasured ,and eternal is the ,son1 ,and unmeasured and eternal ,is the ,holy ,ghost2 but then ,three eternities are not meant here1 ,three immensities1 no1 but ,one1 ,who is limitless and eternal4 ,for though increate the three1 ,they are but one ,uncreated4 ,first the ,father was not made1 ,or created1 or engendered2 ,then engendered was the ,son ,by the ,father1 not created2 ,and the ,spirit was not made ,or created1 or engendered ,by the ,father or the ,son1 ,but proceeds from both together4 ,this is ,god's divinity ,viewed as ,god alone1 let 's enter ,on the human aspect4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,stay3 ,for so strange1 so unexpected ,are the things you say1 that ,i ,need for their due thought some leisure4 ,let me my lost breath regain1 ,for entranced1 aroused1 suspended1 ,spell-bound your strong reasons hold me4 ,is there then but one sole ,god ,in three ,persons1 one in essence1 ,one in substance1 one in power1 ,one in will8 ,,carpophorus4 ,my son1 't is certain4 7,enter ,aurelius and ,soldiers47 ,,aurelius to the ,soldiers4 ,yonder is the secret cavern ,of ,carpophorus1 at its entrance ,see him seated with another ,reading4 ,a ,,soldier4 ,why delay8 ,arrest them4 ,,aurelius4 ,recollect ,polemius bade us1 ,when we seized them1 to envelope ,each one's face1 that so1 the ,christians1 ,their accomplices and fellows1 ,should not know or recognize them4 ,a ,,soldier4 ,you 're our prisoners4 ,a veil is thrown over the head of each4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what6 base wretches 4 4 4 ,,aurelius4 ,gag their mouths4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,but then ,i am 4 4 4 ,,aurelius4 ,come1 no words3 now tie together ,both their hands behind their backs4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,why ,i am 4 4 4 ,,carpophorus4 ,oh6 sacred heaven6 ,now my wished-for day has come4 ,a ,,voice ,,from ,,heaven4 ,no1 not yet1 my faithful servant3-- ,i desire the constancy ,of ,chrysanthus may be tested3-- ,heed not him1 as for thyself1 ,in this manner ,i preserve thee4 ,carpophorus disappears4 7,enter ,polemius47 ,,polemius4 ,what has happened8 ,,aurelius4 ,oh6 a wonder4-- ,we ,carpophorus arrested1 ,and with him this other ,christian2 ,both we held here bound and fettered1 ,when from out our hands he vanished4 ,,polemius4 ,by some sorcery 't was effected1 ,for those ,christians use enchantments1 ,and then miracles pretend them4 ,a ,,soldier4 ,see1 a crowd of them there flying ,to the mountains4 ,,polemius4 ,intercept them1 ,and secure the rabble rout2 ,this one ,i shall guard myself here3-- ,exeunt ,aurelius and soldiers4 ,miserable wretch6 who art thou8 ,thus that ,i may know thee better1 ,judging from thy face thy crimes1 ,i unveil thee4 ,gracious heaven6 ,my own son6 ,,chrysanthus4 ,oh6 heavens6 my father6 ,,polemius4 ,thou with ,christians here detected8 ,thou here in their caverns hidden8 ,thou a prisoner8 ,wherefore1 wherefore1 ,o immense and mighty ,jove1 ,are thy angry bolts suspended8 ,,chrysanthus4 ',t was to solve a certain doubt ,which some books of thine presented1 ,that ,i sought ,carpophorus1 ,that ,i wandered to these deserts1 ,and 4 4 4 ,,polemius4 ,cease1 cease2 for now ,i see ,what has led to this adventure3 ,thou unhappily art gifted ,with a genius ill-directed2 ,for ,i count as vain and foolish ,all the lore that lettered leisure ,has in human books e'er written2 ,but this passion has possessed thee1 ,and to learn their magic rites ,here1 a willing slave1 has led thee4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,no1 not magic was the knowledge ,i came here to learn--far better-- ,the high mysteries of a faith ,which ,i reverence1 while ,i dread them4 ,,polemius4 ,cease1 oh6 cease once more1 nor let ,such vile treason find expression ,on thy lips4 ,what6 thou to praise them6 ,,aurelius 7within74 ,yonder wait the two together4 ,,polemius4 ,cover up thy face once more1 ,that the soldiers1 when they enter1 ,may not know thee1 may not know ,how my honour is affected ,by this act1 until ,i try ,means more powerful to preserve it4 ,,chrysanthus 7aside74 ,god1 whom until now ,i knew not1 ,grant ,thy favour1 deign to help me3 ,grant through suffering and through sorrow ,i may come to know ,thee better4 7,enter ,aurelius and ,soldiers47 ,,aurelius4 ,though we searched the whole of the mountain1 ,not one more have we arrested4 ,,polemius4 ,take this prisoner here to ,rome1 ,and be sure that you remember ,all of you my strict commands1 ,that no hand shall dare divest him ,of his veil3-- ,chrysanthus is led out4 ,why1 why1 ,o heavens6 aside4 ,do ,i pause1 but from my breast here ,tear my bleeding heart8 ,how act ,in so dreadful a dilemma8 ,if ,i say who he is1 ,i tarnish ,with his guilt my name for ever1 ,and my loyalty if ,i 'm silent1 ,since he being here transgresses ,by that fact alone the edict3 ,shall ,i punish him8 ,the offender ,is my son4 ,shall ,i free him8 ,he ,is my enemy and a rebel3-- ,if between these two extremes ,some mean lies1 ,i cannot guess it4 ,as a father ,i must love him1 ,and as a judge ,i must condemn him4 ,exeunt4 ,,act ,,the ,,second4 ,,scene ,i4 ,a hall in the house of ,polemius4 ,enter ,claudius and ,escarpin4 ,,claudius4 ,has he not returned8 ,can no one ,guess in the remotest manner#h ,where he is8 ,,escarpin4 ,sir1 since the day ,that you left me with my master ,in ,diana's grove1 and ,i ,had with that divinest charmer ,to leave him1 no eye has seen him4 ,love alone knows how it mads me4 ,,claudius4 ,of your loyalty ,i doubt not4 ,,escarpin4 ,loyalty 's a different matter1 ',t is not wholly that4 ,,claudius4 ,what then8 ,,escarpin4 ,dark suspicions1 dismal fancies1 ,that perhaps to live with her ,he lies hid within those gardens4 ,,claudius4 ,if ,i could imagine that1 ,i1 ,escarpin1 would be gladdened ,rather than depressed4 ,,escarpin4 ,i 'm not3-- ,i am filled1 like a full barrel1 ,with depressions4 ,,claudius4 ,and for what8 ,,escarpin4 ,certain wild chimeras haunt me1 ,jealousy doth tear my heart1 ,and despairing love distracts me4 ,,claudius4 ,you in love and jealous8 ,,escarpin4 ,i ,jealous and in love4 ,why marvel8 ,am ,i such a monster8 ,,claudius4 ,what6 ,with ,daria8 ,,escarpin4 ',t is no matter ,what her name is1 or ,daria ,or ,maria1 ,i would have her ,both subjective and subjunctive1 ,she verb passive1 ,i verb active4 ,,claudius4 ,you to love so rare a beauty8 ,,escarpin4 ,yes1 her beauty1 though uncommon1 ,would lack something1 if it had not ,my devotion4 ,,claudius4 ,how8 explain3-- ,,escarpin4 ,well1 ,i prove it in this manner3-- ,mr4 ,dullard fell in love 7,i do n't tell where all this happened1 ,or the time1 for of the ,dullards ,every age and time give samples7 ,with a very lovely lady3 ,at her coach-door as he chattered ,one fine evening1 he such nonsense ,talked1 that one who heard his clatter1 ,asked the lady in amazement ,if this simpleton's advances ,did not make her doubt her beauty8-- ,but she quite gallantly answered1 ,never until now have ,i ,felt so proud of my attractions1 ,for no beauty can be perfect ,that all sorts of men do n't flatter4 ,,claudius4 ,what a feeble jest6 ,,escarpin4 ,this feeble8-- ,,claudius4 ,yes1 the very type of flatness3-- ,cease buffooning1 for my uncle ,here is coming4 ,,escarpin4 ,of his sadness ,plainly is his face the mirror4 ,enter ,polemius and servants4 ,,claudius4 ,jupiter doth know the anguish1 ,my good lord1 with which ,i venture ,to approach thee since this happened4 ,,polemius4 ,claudius1 as thine own1 ,i 'm sure1 ,thou dost feel this great disaster4 ,,claudius4 ,i my promise gave thee that ,to ,chrysanthus 4 4 4 ,,polemius4 ,cease2 ,i ask thee ,not to proffer these excuses1 ,since ,i do not care to have them4 ,,claudius4 ,then it seems that all thy efforts ,have been useless to unravel ,the strange mystery of his fate8 ,,polemius4 ,with these questions do not rack me2 ,for1 though ,i would rather not ,give the answer1 still the answer ,rises with such ready aptness ,to my lips from out my heart1 ,that ,i scarcely can withstand it4 ,,claudius4 ,why conceal it then from me1 ,knowing that thy blood meanders ,through my veins1 and that my life ,owns thee as its lord and master8-- ,oh6 my lord1 confide in me1 ,let thy tongue speak once the language ,that thine eyes so oft have spoken4 ,,polemius4 ,let the servants leave the apartment4 ,,escarpin 7aside74 ,ah6 if beautiful ,daria ,would but favour my attachment1 ,though ,i have no house to give her1 ,lots of stories ,i can grant her3-- ,exeunt ,escarpin and servants4 ,,claudius4 ,now1 my lord1 we are alone4 ,,polemius4 ,listen then2 for though to baffle ,thy desire were my intention1 ,by my miseries overmastered1 ,i am forced to tell my secret2 ,not so much have ,i been granted ,license to avow my sufferings1 ,but ,i am1 as 't were commanded ,thus to break my painful silence1 ,doing honestly1 though sadly1 ,willingly the fact disclosing1 ,which by force had been extracted4 ,hear it1 ,claudius3 my ,chrysanthus1 ,my ,chrysanthus is not absent3 ,in this very house he 's living6-- ,would the gods1 ah6 me1 had rather ,made a tomb and not a prison ,of his present locked apartment6 ,which is in this house1 within it ,is he prisoned1 chained1 made captive4 ,this surprises thee1 no wonder3 ,more surprised thou 'lt be hereafter1 ,when thou com'st to know the reason ,of a fact so strange and startling4 ,on that fatal day1 when ,i ,sought the mount and thou the garden1 ,him ,i found where thou didst lose him1 ,near the wood where he had rambled3 ,he was taken by my soldiers ,at the entrance of a cavern1 ,with ,carpophorus3--oh6 here ,patience1 patience may heaven grant me6-- ,it was lucky that they did not ,see his face1 for thus it happened ,that the front of my dishonour ,was not in his face made patent3 ,him they captured without knowing ,who he was1 it being commanded ,that the faces of the prisoners ,should be covered1 but ere captured ,this effectually was done ,by themselves1 they flying backward ,with averted faces2 he ,thus was taken1 but his partner1 ,that strange prodigy of ,rome-- ,man in mind1 wild beast in manners1 ,doubly thus a prodigy-- ,saved himself by power of magic4 ,thus ,chrysanthus was sole prisoner1 ,while the ,christian crowd1 disheartened1 ,fled for safety to the mountains ,from their grottoes and their caverns4 ,these the soldiers quickly followed1 ,and behind in that abandoned ,savage place remained but two-- ,two1 oh6 think1 a son and father4-- ,one a judge1 too1 in a cause ,wicked1 bad1 beyond example1 ,in a cause that outraged ,caesar1 ,and the gods themselves disparaged4 ,there with a delinquent son ,stood ,i1 therefore this should happen1 ,that both clemency and rigour ,in my heart waged fearful battle-- ,clemency in fine had won1 ,i would have removed the bandage ,from his eyes and let him fly1 ,but that instant1 ah6 unhappy6 ,came the soldiers back1 and then ,it were but more misery added1 ,if they knew of my connivance3 ,all that then my care could manage ,to protect him was the secret ,of his name to keep well guarded4 ,thus to ,rome ,i brought him prisoner1 ,where pretending great exactness1 ,that his friends should not discover ,where this ,christian malefactor ,was imprisoned1 to this house1 ,to my own house1 ,i commanded ,that he should be brought2 there hidden ,and unknown1 a few days after ,i in his place substituted 4 4 4 ,ah6 what will not the untrammelled ,strength of arbitrary power ,dare attempt8 what law not trample8 ,substituted1 ,i repeat1 ,for my son a slave1 whose strangled1 ,headless corse thus paid the debt ,which from me were else exacted4 ,you will say1 ,since fortune thus ,has the debt so happily cancelled1 ,why imprison or conceal him8-- ,and1 thus1 full of doubts1 ,i answer ,that though it is true ,i wished not1 ,woe is me6 the common scaffold ,should his punishment make public1 ,i as little wished his hardened ,heart should know my love and pity ,since it did not fear my anger3 ,ah6 believe me1 ,claudius1 ',twixt the chastisement a father ,and an executioner gives1 ,a great difference must be granted3 ,one hand honours what it striketh1 ,one disgraces1 blights1 and blackens4 ,soon my rigour ceased1 for truly1 ,in a father's heart it lasteth ,seldom long3 but then what wonder1 ,if the hand that in its anger ,smites his son1 in his own breast ,leaves a wound that ever rankles-- ,i one day his prison entered ,with the wish 7,i own it frankly7 ,to forgive him1 and when ,i ,thought he would have even thanked me ,for receiving a reproof1 ,not severe1 too lenient rather1 ,he began to praise the ,christians ,with such earnestness and ardour1 ,in defence of their new law1 ,that my clemency departed1 ,and my angrier mood returned4 ,i his doors and windows fastened4 ,in the room where he is lying1 ,well secured by gyves and shackles1 ,sparingly his food is given him1 ,through my hands alone it passes1 ,for ,i dare not to another ,trust the care his state demandeth4 ,you will think in this ,i reached to ,the extreme of my disasters-- ,the full limits of misfortune1 ,but not so1 and if you hearken1 ,you 'll perceive they 're but beginning1 ,and not ended1 as you fancied4 ,all these strange events so much ,have unnerved him and unmanned him1 ,that1 forgetful of himself1 ,of himself he is regardless4 ,nothing to the purpose speaks he4 ,in his incoherent language ,frenzy shows itself1 delusion ,in his thoughts and in his fancies3-- ,many times ,i 've listened to him1 ,since so high-strung and abstracted ,is his mind1 he takes no note of ,who goes in or who departeth4 ,once ,i heard him deprecating ,some despotic beauty's hardness1 ,saying1 ,since ,i die for thee1 ,thou thy favour sure wilt grant me4 ,at another time he said1 ,three in one1 oh6 how can that be8 ,things which these same ,christian people ,in their law hold quite established4 ,thus it is my life is troubled1 ,lost in doubts1 emeshed1 and tangled4 ,if to freedom ,i restore him1 ,i have little doubt that1 darkened ,by the ,christian treachery1 he ,will declare himself instanter ,openly a ,christian1 which ,would to me be such a scandal1 ,that my blood henceforth were tainted1 ,and my noble name were branded4 ,if ,i leave him here in prison1 ,so excessive is his sadness1 ,so extreme his melancholy1 ,that ,i fear 't will end in madness4 ,in a word1 ,i hold1 my nephew1 ,hold it as a certain axiom1 ,that these dark magician ,christians ,keep him bound by their enchantments2 ,who through hatred of my house1 ,and my office to disparage1 ,now revenge themselves on me ,through my only son ,chrysanthus4 ,tell me1 then1 what shall ,i do2 ,but before you give the answer ,which your subtle wit may dictate1 ,i would with your own eyes have thee ,see him first1 you 'll then know better ,what my urgent need demandeth4 ,come1 he 's not far off1 his quarter ,is adjoining this apartment2 ,when you see him1 ,i am certain ,you will think it a disaster ,far less evil he should die1 ,than that in this cruel manner ,he should outrage his own blood1 ,and my bright escutcheon blacken4 ,he opens a door1 and ,chrysanthus is seen seated in a chair1 with his hands and feet in irons4 ,,claudius4 ,thus to see my friend1 o'erwhelms me ,with a grief ,i cannot master4 ,,polemius4 ,stay1 do not approach him nearer2 ,for ,i would not he remarked thee1 ,i would save him the disgrace ,of being seen by thee thus shackled4 ,,claudius4 ,what his misery may dictate ,we can hear1 nor yet attract him4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,was ever human fate so strange as mine8 ,were unmatched wishes ever mated so8 ,is it not enough to feel one form of woe1 ,without being forced 'neath opposite forms to pine8 ,a triune ,god's mysterious power divine1 ,from heaven ,i ask for life1 that ,i may know1 ,from heaven ,i ask for death1 life's grisly foe1 ,a fair one's favour in my heart to shrine3 ,but how can death and life so well agree1 ,that ,i can ask of heaven to end their strife1 ,and grant them both in pitying love to me8 ,yet ,i will ask1 though both with risks are rife1 ,neither shall hinder me1 for heaven must be ,the arbiter of death as well as life4 ,,polemius4 ,see now if ,i spoke the truth4 ,,claudius4 ,i am utterly distracted4 7,the door closes4 ,,polemius4 ,lest perhaps he should perceive us1 ,let us move a little further4 ,now advise me how to act1 ,since you see the grief that racks me4 ,,claudius4 ,though it savours of presumption ,to white hairs like yours1 to hazard ,words of council1 yet at times ,even a young man may impart them3 ,well-proportioned punishment ,grave defects oft counteracteth4 ,but when carried to extremes1 ,it but irritates and hardens4 ,any instrument of music ,of this truth is an example4 ,lightly touched1 it breathes but sweetness1 ,discord1 when 't is roughly handled4 ',t is not well to send an arrow ,to such heights1 that in discharging ,the strong tension breaks the bowstring1 ,or the bow itself is fractured4 ,these two simple illustrations ,are sufficiently adapted ,to my purpose1 of advising ,means of cure both mild and ample4 ,you must take a middle course1 ,all extremes must be abandoned4 ,gentle but judicious treatment ,is the method for ,chrysanthus4 ,for severer methods end in ,disappointment and disaster4 ,take him1 then1 from out his prison1 ,leave him free1 unchecked1 untrammelled1 ,for the danger is an infant ,without strength to hurt or harm him4 ,be it that those wretched ,christians ,have bewitched him1 disenchant him1 ,since you have the power2 for ,nature ,with such careful forethought acteth1 ,that an antidotal herb ,she for every poison planteth4 ,and if1 finally1 your wish ,is that he this fatal sadness ,should forget1 and wholly change it ,to a happier state and gladder1 ,get him married3 for remember ,nothing is so well adapted ,to restrain discursive fancies ,as the care and the attachment ,centered in a wife and children2 ,taking care that in this matter ,mere convenience should not weigh ,more than his own taste and fancy3 ,let him choose his wife himself4 ,pleased in that1 to rove or ramble ,then will be beyond his power1 ,even were he so attracted1 ,for a happy married lover ,thinks of naught except his rapture4 ,,polemius4 ,i with nothing such good counsel ,can repay1 except the frankness ,of accepting it1 which is ,the reward yourself would ask for4 ,and since ,i a mean must choose ,between two extremes of action1 ,from his cell1 to-day1 my son ,shall go forth1 but in a manner ,that will leave his seeming freedom ,circumscribed and safely guarded4 ,let that hall which looketh over ,great ,apollo's beauteous garden ,be made gay by flowing curtains1 ,be festooned by flowery garlands2 ,costly robes for him get ready2 ,then invite the loveliest damsels ,rome can boast of1 to come hither ,to the feasts and to the dances4 ,bring musicians1 and in fine ,let it be proclaimed that any ,woman of illustrious blood ,who from his delusive passions ,can divert him1 by her charms ,curing him of all his sadness1 ,shall become his wife1 how humble ,her estate1 her wealth how scanty4 ,and if this be not sufficient1 ,i will give a golden talent ,yearly to the leech who cures him ,by some happy stroke of practice4 ,exit4 ,,claudius4 ,oh6 a father's pitying love1 ,what will it not do1 what marvel ,not attempt for a son's welfare1 ,for his life8 ,enter ,,escarpin4 ,,escarpin4 ,my lord 'por ,baco6' 7,that 's the god ,i like to swear by1 ,jolly god of all good rascals7 ,may ,i ask you what 's the secret8 ,,claudius4 ,you gain little when you ask me ,for a secret all may know4 ,after his mysterious absence ,your young lord 's returned home ill4 ,,escarpin4 ,in what way8 ,,claudius4 ,that none can fathom1 ,since he does not tell his ailment ,save by signs and by his manner4 ,,escarpin4 ,then he 's wrong1 sir1 not to tell it ,clearly3 with extreme exactness ,should our griefs1 our pains be mentioned4 ,a back tooth a man once maddened1 ,and a barber came to draw it4 ,as he sat with jaws expanded1 ,which tooth is it1 sir1 that pains you8 ,asked of him the honest barber1 ,and the patient in affected ,language grandly thus made answer1 ,the penultimate2 the dentist ,not being used to such pedantic ,talk as this1 with ready forceps ,soon the last of all extracted4 ,the poor patient to be certain1 ,with his tongue the spot examined1 ,and exclaimed1 his mouth all bleeding1 ,why1 that 's not the right tooth1 master4 ,is it not the ultimate molar8 ,said the barber quite as grandly4 ,yes 7he answered71 but ,i said ,the penultimate1 and ,i 'd have you ,know1 your worship1 that it means ,simply that that 's next the farthest4 ,thus instructed1 he returned ,to the attack once more1 remarking ,in effect then the bad tooth ,is the one that 's next the last one8 ,yes1 he said1 then here it is1 ,spoke the barber with great smartness1 ,plucking out the tooth that then ,was the last but one2 it happened ,from not speaking plain1 he lost ,two good teeth1 and kept his bad one4 ,,claudius4 ,come and something newer learn ,in the stratagem his father ,has arranged to cure the illness ,of ,chrysanthus1 whom he fancies 4 4 4 ,,escarpin4 ,what8 ,,claudius4 ,is spell-bound by the ,christians ,through the power of their enchantments3-- 7,since to-day ,i cannot see thee1 aside4 ,cynthia fair1 forgive my absence74 ,exit4 ,,escarpin4 ,while these matters thus proceed1 ,i shall try1 let what will happen1 ,thee to see1 divine ,daria3-- ,at my love1 oh6 be not angered1 ,since the penalty of beauty ,is to be beloved3 then pardon4 ,exit4 ,,scene ,,ii4--,the ,wood4 ,enter ,,daria from the chase with bow and arrows4 ,,daria4 ,o stag that swiftly flying ,before my feathered shafts the winds outvieing1 ,impelled by wings1 not feet1 ,if in this green retreat ,here panting thou wouldst die1 ,and stain with blood the fountain murmuring by1 ,await another wound1 another friend1 ,that so with quicker speed thy life may end2 ,for to a wretch that stroke a friend must be ,that eases death and sooner sets life free4 ,she stumbles and falls near the mouth of a cave4 ,but1 bless me1 heaven6 ,i feel ,my brain grow hot1 my curdling blood congeal3 ,a form of fire and snow ,i seem at once to turn3 this sudden blow1 ,this stumbling1 how ,i know not1 by this stone1 ,this horrid mouth in which my grave is shown1 ,this cave of many shapes1 ,through which the melancholy mountain gapes1 ,this mountain's self1 a vast ,abysmal shadow cast ,suddenly on my heart1 as if 't were meant ,to be my rustic pyre1 my strange new monument1 ,all fill my heart with wonder and with fear1 ,what buried mysteries are hidden here ,that terrify me so1 ,and make me tremble 'neath impending woe4 ,a solemn strain of music is heard from within4 ,nay more1 illusion now doth bear to me ,the sweetest sounds of dulcet harmony1 ,music and voice combine3-- ,o solitude6 what phantasms are thine6 ,but let me listen to the voice that blent ,sounds with the music of the instrument4 ,music from within the cave4 ,,song4 ,oh6 be the day for ever blest1 ,and blest be pitying heaven's decree1 ,that makes the darksome cave to be ,daria's tomb1 her place of rest6 ,,daria4 ,blest6 can such evil auguries bless8 ,and happy can that strange fate be ,that gives this darksome cave to me ,as monument of my sad life8 ,,music4 ,yes4 ,,daria4 ,oh6 who before in actual woe ,the happier signs of bliss could read8 ,will not a fate so rigorous lead ,to misery1 not to rapture8-- ,,music4 ,no4 ,,daria4 ,o fantasy6 unwelcome guest6 ,how can this cave bring good to me8 ,,music4 ,itself will tell1 when it shall be ,daria's tomb1 her place of rest4 ,,daria4 ,but then1 who gave the stern decree1 ,that this dark cave my bones should hide8 ,,music4 ,daria1 it was he who died1 ,who gave his life for love of thee4 ,,daria4 ,who gave his life for love of me6 ,ah6 me1 and can it be in sooth ,that gentle noble ,roman youth ,i answered with such cruelty ,in this same wood the other day1 ,saying that ,i his love would be ,if he would only die for me6 ,can he have cast himself away ,down this dark cave1 and there lies dead1 ,buried within the dread abyss1 ,waiting my love1 his promised bliss8-- ,my soul1 not now mine own1 has fled6 ,,cynthia 7within74 ,forward6 forward6 through the gloom ,every cave and cavern enter1 ,search the dark wood to its centre1 ,lest it prove ,daria's tomb4 ,,daria4 ,ah6 me1 the sense confounding1 ,both here and there are opposite voices sounding4 ,here is my name in measured cadence greeted1 ,and there in hollow echoes oft repeated4 ,would that the latter cries that reach my ear ,came from my mates in this wild forest sphere1 ,in the dread solitude that doth surround me ,their presence would be welcome4 ,enter ,cynthia with bow and arrows4 ,,cynthia4 ,till ,i found me1 ,beauteous ,daria1 by thy side once more1 ,each mountain nook my search had well gone o'er4 ,,daria 7aside74 ,let me dissemble ,the terror and surprise that make me tremble1 ,if ,i have power to feign ,amid the wild confusion of my brain3-- ,following the chase to-day1 ,wishing ,diana's part in full to play1 ,so fair the horizon smiled1 ,i left the wood and entered on the wild1 ,led by a wounded deer still on and on4 ,and further in pursuit ,i would have gone1 ,nor had my swift career ,even ended here1 ,but for this mouth that opening in the rock1 ,with horrid gape my vain attempt doth mock1 ,and stops my further way4 ,,cynthia4 ,until ,i found thee ,i was all dismay1 ,lest thou some savage beast1 some monstrous foe1 ,hadst met4 ,,daria 7aside74 ,ah6 would to ,jove 't were so6 ,and that my death in his wild hands had paid ,for future chastisement by fate delayed6 ,but ah6 the wish is vain1 ,foreboding horror fills my heart and brain1 ,this mystic music borne upon the air ,must surely augur ill4 7,enter ,,nisida47 ,,nisida4 ,daria fair1 ,and ,cynthia wise1 ,i come to seek ye two4 ,,cynthia4 ,has any thing occurred or strange or new8 ,,nisida4 ,i scarce can tell it4 ,as ,i came along1 ,i heard a man1 in a clear voice and strong1 ,proclaiming as he went ,through all the mountain a most strange event3 ,rome hath decreed ,priceless rewards to her whose charms may lead ,through lawful love and in an open way ,by public wedlock in the light of day1 ,the son of proud ,polemius from the state ,of gloom in which his mind is sunk of late4 ,,cynthia4 ,and what can be the cause that he is so8 ,,nisida4 ,ah6 that ,i do not know1 ,but yonder1 leaving the ,salarian ,way1 ,a ,roman soldier hitherward doth stray3 ,he may enlighten us and tell us all4 ,,cynthia4 ,yes1 let us know the truth1 the stranger call4 ,,daria 7aside74 ,ah6 how distinct the pain ,that presses on my heart1 and dulls my wildered brain6 7,enter ,escarpin47 ,,nisida4 ,thou1 ,o thou1 whose wandering footsteps ,these secluded groves have entered 4 4 4#i ,,escarpin4 ,thou four hundred times repeated-- ,thou and all the thous1 your servant4 ,,nisida4 ,tell us of the proclamation ,publicly to-day presented ,to the gaze of ,rome4 ,,escarpin4 ,i 'll do so2 ,for there 's nothing ,i love better ,than a story 7aside1 if to tell it ,in divine ,daria's presence ,does not put me out1 for no one1 ,when the loved one listens1 ever ,speaks his best73 ,polemius1 ,rome's great senator1 whose bended ,shoulders1 like an ,atlas1 bear ,all the burden of the empire1 ,by ,numerian's self entrusted1 ,he1 this chief of ,rome's great senate1 ,has a son1 by name ,chrysanthus1 ,who1 as rumour goes1 at present ,is afflicted by a sadness ,so extreme and so excessive1 ,that 't is thought to be occasioned ,by the magic those detested ,christians 7who abhor his house1 ,and his father1 who hath pressed them ,heavily as judge and ruler7 ,have against his life effected1 ,all through hatred of our gods4 ,and so great is the dejection ,that he feels1 there 's nothing yet ,found to rouse him or divert him4 ,thus it is ,numerianus1 ,who is ever well-affected ,to his father1 hath proclaimed ,all through ,rome1 that whosoever ,is so happy by her beauty1 ,or so fortunately clever ,by her wit1 or by her graces ,is so powerful1 as to temper ,his affliction1 since love conquers ,all things by his magic presence1 ,he will give her 7if a noble7 ,as his wife1 and will present her ,with a portion far surpassing ,all ,polemius' self possesses1 ,not to speak of what is promised ,him whose skill may else effect it4 ,thus it is that ,rome to-day ,laurel wreaths and crowns presenteth ,to its most renowned physicians1 ,to its sages and its elders1 ,and to wit and grace and beauty ,joyous feasts and courtly revels2 ,so that there is not a lady ,in all ,rome1 but thinks it certain ,that the prize is hers already1 ,since by all 't will be contested1 ,some through vanity1 and some ,through a view more interested3 ,even the ugly ones1 ,i warrant1 ,will be there well represented4 ,so with this1 adieu4 7,aside1 ,oh6 fairest ,nymph ,daria1 since ,i ventured ,here to see thee1 having seen thee ,now1 alas6 ,i must absent me67 ,exit4 ,,cynthia4 ,what strange news6 ,,nisida4 ,there 's not a beauty ,but for victory will endeavour ,when among ,rome's fairest daughters ,such a prize shall be contested4 ,,cynthia4 ,thus by showing us the value ,thou upon the victory settest1 ,we may understand that thou ,meanest in the lists to enter4 ,,nisida4 ,yes1 so far as heaven through music ,its most magic cures effecteth1 ,since no witchcraft is so potent ,but sweet music may dispel it4 ,it doth tame the raging wild beast1 ,lulls to sleep the poisonous serpent1 ,and makes evil genii1 who ,are revolted spirits--rebels-- ,fly in fear1 and in this art ,i have always been most perfect3 ,wrongly would ,i act to-day1 ,in not striving for the splendid ,prize which will be mine1 when ,i ,see myself the loved and wedded ,wife of the great senator's son1 ,and the mistress of such treasures4 ,,cynthia4 ,although music is an art ,which so many arts excelleth1 ,still in truth 't is but a sound ,which the wanton air disperses4 ,it the sweet child of the air ,in the air itself must perish4 ,i1 who in my studious reading ,have such learned lore collected1 ,who in poetry1 that art ,which both teacheth and diverteth1 ,may precedence claim o'er many ,geniuses so prized at present1 ,can a surer victory hope for ,in the great fight that impendeth1 ,since the music of the soul ,is what keeps the mind suspended4 ,in one item1 ,nisida1 ,we two differ3 thy incentive ,thy chief motive1 is but interest3 ,mine is vanity1 a determined ,will no other woman shall ,triumph o'er me in this effort1 ,since ,i wish that ,rome should see ,that the glory1 the perfection ,of a woman is her mind1 ,all her other charms excelling4 ,,daria4 ,interest and vanity ,are the two things1 as you tell me1 ,that1 ,o ,cynthia6 can oblige thee1 ,that1 ,o ,nisida1 can compel thee ,to attempt this undertaking ,by so many risks attended4 ,but ,i think you both are wrong1 ,since in this case1 having heard that ,the affliction this man suffers ,christian sorcery hath effected ,through abhorrence of our gods1 ,by that atheist sect detested1 ,neither of these feelings should ,be your motive to attempt it4 ,i then1 who1 for this time only ,will believe these waves that tell me-- ,these bright fountains--that the beauty ,which so oft they have reflected ,is unequalled1 mean to lay it ,as an offering in the temple ,of the gods1 to show what little ,strength in ,christian sorcery dwelleth4 ,,nisida4 ,then 't is openly admitted ,that we three the list will enter ,for the prize4 ,,cynthia4 ,and from this moment ,that the rivalry commences4 ,,nisida4 ,voice of song1 thy sweet enchantment ,on this great occasion lend me1 ,that through thy soft influence ,rank and riches ,i may merit4 ,exit4 ,,cynthia4 ,genius1 offspring of the soul1 ,prove this time thou 'rt so descended1 ,that thy proud ambitious hopes ,may the laurel crown be tendered4 ,exit4 ,,daria4 ,beauty1 daughter of the gods1 ,now thy glorious birth remember3 ,make me victress in the fight1 ,that the gods may live for ever4 ,exit4 ,,scene ,,iii4--,a hall in the house of ,polemius1 opening at the end upon a garden4 7,enter ,polemius and ,claudius47 ,,polemius4 ,is then everything prepared8-- ,,claudius4 ,everything has been got ready ,as you ordered4 ,this apartment ,opening on the garden terrace ,has been draped and covered over ,with the costliest silks and velvets1 ,leaving certain spaces bare ,for the painter's magic pencil1 ,where1 so cunning is his art1 ,that it nature's self resembles4 ,flowers more fair than in the garden1 ,pinks and roses are presented3 ,but what wonder when the fountains ,still run after to reflect them8-- ,all things else have been provided1 ,music1 dances1 gala dresses2 ,and for all that1 ,rome yet knows not ,what in truth is here projected2 ',t is a fair ,academy1 ,in whose floral halls assemble ,beauty1 wit1 and grace1 a sight ,that we see but very seldom4 ,all the ladies too of ,rome ,have prepared for the contention ,with due circumspection1 since ,as his wife will be selected ,she who best doth please him2 thus ,there are none but will present them ,in these gardens1 some to see him1 ,others to show off themselves here4 ,,polemius4 ,oh1 my ,claudius1 would to ,jove ,that all this could dispossess me ,of my dark foreboding fancies1 ,of the terrors that oppress me6-- 7,enter ,aurelius47 ,,aurelius4 ,sir1 a very learned physician ,comes to proffer his best service ,to ,chrysanthus1 led by rumour ,of his illness4 ,,polemius4 ,bid him enter4 ,aurelius retires1 and returns immediately with ,carpophorus1 disguised as a physician4 ,,carpophorus 7aside74 ,heaven1 that ,i may do the work ,that this day ,i have attempted1 ,grant me strength a little while2 ,for ,i know my death impendeth6-- ,mighty lord1 thy victor hand1 aloud4 ,let me kiss and kneeling press it4 ,,polemius4 ,venerable elder1 rise ,from the ground2 thy very presence ,gives me joy1 a certain instinct ,even at sight of thee doth tell me ,thou alone canst save my son4 ,,carpophorus4 ,heaven but grant the cure be perfect6 ,,polemius4 ,whence1 sir1 art thou8 ,,carpophorus4 ,sir1 from ,athens4 ,,polemius4 ',t is a city that excelleth ,all the world in knowledge4 ,,carpophorus4 ,there ,all are teachers1 all are learners4 ,the sole wish to be of use ,has on this occasion led me ,from my home4 ,inform me then ,how ,chrysanthus is affected4 ,,polemius4 ,with an overwhelming sadness2 ,or to speak it more correctly 7,since when we consult a doctor ,even suspicions should be mentioned71 ,he1 my son1 has been bewitched2-- ,thus it is these ,christian perverts ,take revenge through him on me3 ,in particular an elder ,called ,carpophorus1 a wizard 4 4 4 ,may the day soon come for vengeance6 ,,carpophorus4 ,may heaven grant it 4 4 4 7aside1 ,for that day ,i the martyr's crown may merit74 ,where at present is ,chrysanthus8 ,,polemius4 ,he is just about to enter3-- ,you can see him2 all his ailment ,in the soul you 'll find is centered4 ,,carpophorus4 ,in the soul then ,i will cure him1 ,if my skill heaven only blesses4 ,music is heard from within4 ,,claudius4 ,that he 's leaving his apartment ,this harmonious strain suggesteth1 ,since to counteract his gloom ,he by music is attended4 7,enter ,chrysanthus richly dressed1 preceded by musicians playing and singing1 and followed by attendants47 ,,chrysanthus4 ,cease2 my pain1 perchance my folly1 ,cannot be by song diverted2 ,music is a power exerted ,for the cure of melancholy1 ,which in truth it but augmenteth4 ,a ,,musician4 ,this your father bade us do4 ,,chrysanthus4 ',t is because he never knew ,pain like that which me tormenteth4 ,for if he that pang incessant ,felt1 he would not wish to cure it1 ,he would love it and endure it4 ,,polemius4 ,think1 my son1 that ,i am present1 ,and that ,i am not ambitious ,to assume your evil mood1 ,but to find that it is good4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,no1 sir1 you mistake my wishes4 ,i would not through you relieve me ,of my care2 my former state ,seemed1 though1 more to mitigate ,what ,i suffer3 why not leave me ,there to die8 ,,polemius4 ,that yet ,i may1 ,pitying your sad condition1 ,work your cure3--,a great physician ,comes to visit you to-day4 ,,chrysanthus 7aside74 ,who do ,i behold8 ah1 me6 ,,carpophorus4 ,i will speak to him with your leave4 ,,chrysanthus 7aside74 ,no1 my eyes do not deceive1 ',t is ,carpophorus that ,i see6 ,i my pleasure must conceal4 ,,carpophorus4 ,sir1 of what do you complain8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,since you come to cure my pain1 ,i will tell you how ,i feel4 ,a great sadness hath been thrown ,o'er my mind and o'er my feelings1 ,a dark blank whose dim revealings ,make their sombre tints mine own4 ,,carpophorus4 ,can you any cause assign me ,whence this sadness is proceeding8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,from my earliest years to reading ,did my studious tastes incline me4 ,something thus acquired doth wake ,doubts1 and fears1 and hopes1 ah me6 ,that the things ,i read may be4 ,,carpophorus4 ,then from me this lesson take4 ,every mystery how obscure1 ,is explained by faith alone2 ,all is clear when that is known3 ',t is through faith ,i 'll work your cure4 ,since in that your healing lies1 ,take it then from me4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,from you ,i infer all good3 that true ,faith ,i hope which you advise4 ,,carpophorus 7to ,polemius74 ,give me leave1 sir1 to address ,some few words to him alone1 ,less reserve will then be shown4 7,the two retire to one side4 ,have you recognized me8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,yes1 ,every sign shows you are he ,who in my most perilous strait ,fled and left me to my fate4 ,,carpophorus4 ,god did that2 and would you see ,that it was ,his own work1 say1 ,if ,i did not then absent me ,through ,his means1 could ,i present me ,as your teacher here to-day8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,no4 ,,carpophorus4 ,how just ,his providence6 ,since ,i was preserved1 that ,i ,here might seek you1 and more nigh ,give you full intelligence ,leisurely of every doubt ,which disturbs you when you read4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,mysteries they are indeed1 ,difficult to be made out4 ,,carpophorus4 ,to the believer all is plain4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i would believe1 what must ,i do8-- ,,carpophorus4 ,your intellectual pride subdue4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i will subdue it1 since 't is vain4 ,,carpophorus4 ,then the first thing to be done ,is to be baptized4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i bow1 ,father1 and implore it now4 ,,carpophorus4 ,let us for the present shun ,further notice2 lest suspicion ,should betray what we would smother2 ,every day we 'll see each other1 ,when ,i 'll execute my mission3 ,i1 to cure sin's primal scath1 ,will at fitting time baptize you1 ,taking care to catechise you ,in the principles of the faith2 ,only now one admonition ,must ,i give2 be armed1 be ready ,for the fight most fierce and steady ,ever fought for man's perdition2 ,oh6 take heed1 amid the advances ,of the fair who wish to win you1 ',mid the fires that burn within you1 ',mid lascivious looks and glances1 ',mid such various foes enlisted1 ,that you are not conquered by them4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,women6 oh6 who dare defy them ,by such dread allies assisted8 ,,carpophorus4 ,he whom ,god assists4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,be swayed ,by my tears1 and ask him4 ,,carpophorus4 ,you ,must too ask him3 for he who ,aids himself1 him ,god doth aid4 ,,polemius4 ,what1 sir1 think you of his case8 ,,carpophorus4 ,i have ordered him a bath1 ,strong restoring powers it hath1 ,which his illness must displace3-- ,,polemius4 ,sir1 relying on you then1 ,i will give you ample wealth1 ,if you can restore his health4 ,,carpophorus4 ,still ,i cannot tell you when1 ,but ,i shall return and see him ,frequently2 in fact 'till he ,is from all his ailment free1 ,from my hand ,i will not free him4 ,,polemius4 ,for your kindness ,i am grateful4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,he alone has power to cure me4 ,since he knows what will allure me1 ,when all other modes are hateful4 ,exit ,carpophorus4 7,enter ,escarpin47 ,,escarpin4 ,all this garden of delight ,must be beauty's birth-place sure1 ,here the fresh rose doubly pure1 ,here the jasmin doubly white1 ,learn to-day a newer grace1 ,lovelier red1 more dazzling snow4 ,,polemius4 ,why8 ,,escarpin4 ,because the world doth show ,naught so fair as this sweet place4 ,falsely boasts th' ,elysian bower ,peerless beauty1 here to-day ,more1 far more1 these groves display3-- ,not a fountain1 tree1 or flower 4 4 4 ,,polemius4 ,well8 ,,escarpin4 ,but by a nymph more fair ,is surpassed4 ,,polemius4 ,come1 ,claudius1 come1 ,he will be but dull and dumb1 ,shy the proffered bliss to share1 ,through the fear and the respect ,which1 as son1 he owes to me4 ,,claudius4 ,he who gave the advice should see ,also after the effect4 ,let us all from this withdraw4 ,,polemius4 ,great results ,i hope to gather3 ,,escarpin 7aside74 ,well1 you 're the first pander-father ,ever in my life ,i saw4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what1 ,escarpin1 you1 as well1 ,going to leave me8 ,mum for once4 ,,escarpin4 ,silence suits me for the nonce4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,why8 ,,escarpin4 ,a tale in point ,i 'll tell3 ,once a snuffler1 by a pirate ,moor was captured1 who in some ,way affected to be dumb1 ,that his ransom at no high rate ,might be purchased3 when his owner ,this defect perceived1 the shuffle ,made him sell this ,mr4 ,snuffle ,very cheaply3 to the donor ,of his freedom1 through his nose1 ,half in snuffle1 half in squeak1 ,then he said1 ,oh6 ,moor1 ,i speak1 ,i 'm not dumb as you suppose4 ,fool1 to let your folly lead you ,so astray1 replied the ,moor4 ,had ,i heard you speak1 be sure ,i for nothing would have freed you4 ,thus it is ,i moderate me ,in the use of tongue and cheek1 ,lest when you have heard me speak1 ,still more cheaply you may rate me4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,you must know the estimation ,i have held you in so long4 ,,escarpin4 ,well1 my memory is not strong4 ,it requires consideration ,to admit that pleasant fact4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what of me do people say8-- ,,escarpin4 ,shall ,i speak it8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,speak4 ,,escarpin4 ,why1 they ,say1 my lord1 that you are cracked4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,for what reason8 ,why this blame8 ,,escarpin4 ,reason1 sir1 need not be had1 ,for the wisest man is mad ,if he only gets the name4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,well1 it was not wrongly given1 ,if they only knew that ,i ,have consented even to die ,so to reach the wished-for heaven ,of a sovereign beauty's favour4 ,,escarpin4 ,for a lady's favour you ,have agreed to die8 ,,chrysanthus4 ',t is true4 ,,escarpin4 ,does not this a certain savour ,of insanity give your sadness8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,were ,i certain as of breath ,i could claim it after death1 ,there was method in my madness4 ,,escarpin4 ,a brave soldier of the line1 ,on his death-bed lying ill1 ,spoke thus1 ,item1 't is my will1 ,gallant friends and comrades mine1 ,that you 'll bear me to my grave1 ,and although ,i 've little wealth1 ,thirty reals to drink my health ,shall you for your kindness have4 ,thus the hope as vain must be ,after death one's love to wed1 ,as to drink one's health when dead4 ,nisida advances from the garden4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,but what maid is this ,i see ,hither through the garden wending8 ,,escarpin4 ,if you take a stroll with me ,plenty of her sort you 'll see4 ,,nisida4 ,one who would effect the ending ,of thy sadness4 ,,chrysanthus 7aside74 ,now comes near thee1 ,o my heart1 thy threatened trial6 ,lady1 pardon the denial1 ,but ,i would nor see nor hear thee4 ,,nisida4 ,not so ungallantly surely ,wilt thou act1 as not to see ,one who comes to speak with thee8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,to see one who thinks so poorly ,of herself1 and with such lightness ,owns she comes to speak with me1 ,rather would appear to be ,want of sense than of politeness4 ,,nisida4 ,all discourse is not so slight ,that thou need'st decline it so4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,no1 ,i will not see thee1 no4 ,thus ,i shut thee from my sight4 ,,nisida4 ,vainly art thou cold and wise1 ,other senses thou shouldst fear1 ,since ,i enter by the ear1 ,though thou shut me from the eyes4 ,sings4 ,the blessed rapture of forgetting ,never doth my heart deserve1 ,what my memory would preserve ,is the memory ,i 'm regretting4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,that melting voice1 that melody ,spell-bound holds th' entranced soul4 ,ah6 from such divine control ,who his fettered soul could free8-- ,human ,siren1 leave me1 go6 ,too well ,i feel its fatal power4 ,i faint before it like a flower ,by warm-winds wooed in noontide's glow4 ,the close-pressed lips the mouth can lock1 ,and so repress the vain reply1 ,the lid can veil th' unwilling eye ,from all that may offend and shock1-- ,nature doth seem a niggard here1 ,unequally her gifts disposing1 ,for no instinctive means of closing ,she gives the unprotected ear4 7,enter ,cynthia47 ,,cynthia4 ,since then the ear cannot be closed1 ,and thou resistance need'st not try1 ,listen to the gloss that ,i ,on this sweet conceit composed3 ,the blessed rapture of forgetting ,never doth my heart deserve2 ,what my memory would preserve ,is the memory ,i 'm regretting4 ,when ,nature from the void obscure ,her varied world to life awakes1 ,all things find use and so endure3-- ,thus she a poison never makes ,without its corresponding cure3 ,each thing of ,nature's careful setting1 ,each plant that grows in field or grove ,hath got its opposite flower or weed2 ,the cure is with the pain decreed2 ,thus too is found for feverish love ',the blessed rapture of forgetting4' ,the starry wonders of the night1 ,the arbiters of fate on high1 ,nothing can dim3 ,to see their light ,is easy1 but to draw more nigh ,the orbs themselves1 exceeds our might4 ,thus 't is to know1 and only know1 ,the troubled heart1 the trembling nerve1 ,to sweet oblivion's blank may owe ,their rest1 but1 ah6 that cure of woe ',never doth my heart deserve4' ,then what imports it that there be1 ,for all the ills of heart or brain1 ,a sweet oblivious remedy1 ,if it1 when 't is applied to me1 ,fails to cure me of my pain8 ,forgetfulness in me doth serve ,no useful purpose3 ,but why fret ,my heart at this8 ,do ,i deserve1 ,strange contradiction6 to forget ',what my memory would preserve8' ,and thus my pain in straits like these1 ,must needs despise the only sure ,remedial means of partial ease-- ,that is--to perish of the cure ,rather than die of the disease4 ,then not in wailing or in fretting1 ,my love1 accept thy fate1 but let ,this victory o'er myself1 to thee ,bring consolation1 pride1 and glee1 ,since what ,i wish not to forget ',is the memory ,i 'm regretting4' ,,chrysanthus4 ',t is not through the voice alone ,music breathes its soft enchantment4#aj ,all things that in concord blend ,find in music their one language4 ,thou with thy delicious sweetness ,to ,nisida ,host my heart at once made captive2-- ,thou with thy melodious verses ,to ,cynthia ,hast my very soul enraptured4 ,ah6 how subtly thou dost reason6 ,ah6 how tenderly thou chantest6 ,thou with thy artistic skill1 ,thou with thy clear understanding4 ,but what say ,i8 ,i speak falsely1 ,for you both are sphinxes rather1 ,who with flattering words seduce me ,but to ruin me hereafter3-- ,leave me2 go3 ,i cannot listen ,to your wiles4 ,,nisida4 ,my lord1 oh6 hearken ,to my song once more4 ,,cynthia4 ,wait6 stay6 ,,nisida4 ,why thus treat with so much harshness ,those who mourn thy deep dejection8 ,,escarpin4 ,oh6 how soon they 'd have an answer ,if they asked of me these questions4 ,i know how to treat such tattle3 ,leave them1 sir1 to me4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,my senses ',gainst their lures ,i must keep guarded3 ,they are crocodiles1 but feigning ,human speech1 so but to drag me ,to my ruin1 my destruction4 ,,nisida4 ,since my voice will still attract thee1 ',t is of little use to fly me4 ,,cynthia4 ,though thou dost thy best to guard thee1 ,while ,i gloss the words she singeth ,to my genius thou must hearken4 ,,chrysanthus 7aside47 ,god whom ,i adore6 since ,i ,help myself1 ,thy help1 oh6 grant me6 ,,nisida4 ,ah6 the joy 4 4 4 4 7she becomes confused4 ,but what is this8 ,icy torpor coldly fastens ,on my hands2 the lute drops from me1 ,and my very breath departeth4 ,,cynthia4 ,since she cannot sing2 then listen ,to this subtle play of fancy3 ,love1 if thou 'rt my god 4 4 4 4 7she becomes confused4 ,but how1 ,what can have my mind so darkened ,what my memory so confuses1 ,what my voice can so embarrass8 ,,nisida4 ,i am turned to frost and fire1 ,i am changed to living marble4 ,,cynthia4 ,frozen over is my breast1 ,and my heart is cleft and hardened4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,thus to lose your wits1 ye two1 ,what can have so strangely happened8 ,,escarpin4 ,being poets and musicians1 ,quite accounts1 sir1 for their absence4 ,,nisida4 ,heavens6 beneath the noontide sun ,to be left in total darkness6 ,,cynthia4 ,in an instant1 ,o ye heavens6 ,o'er your vault can thick clouds gather8 ,,nisida4 ',neath the contact of my feet ,earth doth tremble1 and ,i stagger4 ,,cynthia4 ,mountains upon mountains seem ,on my shoulders to be balanced4 ,,escarpin4 ,so it always is with those ,who make verses1 or who chant them4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,of the one ,god whom ,i worship ,these are miracles1 are marvels4 7,enter ,daria47 ,,daria4 ,here1 ,chrysanthus1 ,i have come 4 4 4 ,,nisida4 ,stay1 ,daria4 ,,cynthia4 ,stay1 't is rashness ,here to come1 for1 full of wonders1 ,full of terrors is this garden4 ,,escarpin4 ,do not enter3 awful omens ,threat'ning death await thy advent4 ,,nisida4 ,by my miseries admonished 4 4 4 4 ,,cynthia4 ,by my strange misfortune startled 4 4 4 ,,nisida4 ,flying from myself1 ,i leave ,this green sphere1 dismayed1 distracted4 ,,cynthia4 ,without soul or life ,i fly1 ,overwhelmed by this enchantment4 ,,nisida4 ,oh6 how dreadful6 ,,cynthia4 ,oh6 how awful6 ,,nisida4 ,oh6 the horror6 ,,cynthia4 ,oh6 the anguish6 ,exeunt ,cynthia and ,nisida4 ,,escarpin4 ,mad with jealousy and rage ,have the tuneful twain departed4 ,,daria 7aside74 ,chastisements for due offences ,do not fright me1 do not startle1 ,for if they through arrogance ,and ambition sought this garden1 ,me the worship of the gods ,here has led1 and so ,i 'm guarded ',gainst all sorceries whatsoever1 ',gainst all forms of ,christian magic3-- ,art thou then ,chrysanthus8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,yes4 ,,daria4 ,not confused or troubled1 rather ,with a certain fear ,i see thee1 ,for which ,i have grounds most ample4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,why8 ,,daria4 ,because ,i thought thou wert ,one who in a darksome cavern ,died to show thy love for me4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i have yet been not so happy ,as to have a chance1 ,daria1 ,of thus proving my attachment4 ,,daria4 ,be that so1 ,i 've come to seek thee1 ,confident1 completely sanguine1 ,that ,i have the power to conquer1 ,i alone1 thy pains1 thy anguish2 ,though against me thou shouldst use ,the ,christian armoury--enchantments4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,that thou hast alone the power ,to subdue the pains that wrack me1 ,i admit it2 but in what ,thou hast said of ,christian magic ,i1 ,daria1 must deny it4 ,,daria4 ,how8 from what cause else could happen ,the effects ,i just have witnessed8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,miracles they are and marvels4 ,,daria4 ,why do they affect not me8 ,,chrysanthus4 ',t is because ,i do not ask them ,against thee2 because from aiding ,not myself1 no aid is granted4 ,,daria4 ,then ,i come here to undo them4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,most severe will be the battle1 ,upon one side their due praises ,on the other side thy anger4 ,,daria4 ,i would have thee understand ,that our gods are sorely damaged ,by thy sentiments4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,and ,i ,that those gods are false--mere phantoms4 ,,daria4 ,then get ready for the conflict1 ,for ,i will not lower my standard ,save with victory or death4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,though thou makest me thy captive1 ,thou my firmness wilt not conquer4 ,,daria4 ,then to arms6 ,i say1 to arms1 then6 ,,chrysanthus4 ,though the outposts of the soul1 ,the weak heart1 by thee be captured2 ,not so will the ,understanding1 ,the strong warden who doth guard it4 ,,daria4 ,thou 'lt believe me1 if thou 'lt love me4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,thou not me1 'till love attracts thee4 ,,daria4 ,that perhaps may be2 for ,i ,would not give thee this advantage4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,oh6 that love indeed may lead thee ,to a state so sweet and happy6 ,,daria4 ,oh6 what power will disabuse thee ,of thy ignorance1 ,chrysanthus8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,oh6 what pitying power1 ,daria1 ,will the ,christian faith impart thee8 ,,act ,,the ,,third4 ,,scene ,i4--,the ,garden of ,polemius4 ,enter ,,polemius1 ,,aurelius1 ,,claudius1 and ,,escarpin4 ,,polemius4 ,all my house is in confusion1 ,full of terrors1 full of horrors2#aa ,ah6 how true it is a son ,is the source of many sorrows6-- ,,claudius4 ,but1 my lord1 reflect 4 4 4 ,,escarpin4 ,consider 4 4 4 ,think 4 4 4 ,,polemius4 ,why think1 when misery follows8-- ,cease3 you add to my affliction1 ,and in no way bring me solace4 ,since you see that in his madness ,he is now more firm and constant1 ,falling sick of new diseases1 ,ere he 's well of old disorders3 ,since one young and beauteous maiden1 ,whom love wished to him to proffer1 ,free from every spot and blemish1 ,pure and perfect in her fondness1 ,is the one whose fatal charms ,give to him such grief and torment1 ,that each moment he may perish1 ,that he may expire each moment2 ,how then can you hope that ,i ,now shall list to words of comfort8-- ,,claudius4 ,why not give this beauteous maiden ,to your son to be his consort1 ,since you see his inclination8 ,,polemius4 ,for this reason3 when the project ,i proposed1 the two made answer1 ,that before they wed1 some problem1 ,some dispute that lay between them ,should be settled3 this seemed proper3 ,but when ,i would know its nature ,i could not the cause discover4 ,from this closeness ,i infer ,that some secret of importance ,lies between them1 and that this ,is the source of all my sorrows4 ,,aurelius4 ,sir1 my loyalty1 my duty ,will not let me any longer ,silence keep1 too clearly seeing ,how the evil has passed onward4 ,on that day we searched the mountain4 4 4 4 ,,polemius 7aside74 ,woe is me6 could he have known then ,all this time it was ,chrysanthus8 ,,aurelius4 ,i approaching1 where with shoulders ,turned against me stood one figure1 ,saw the countenance of another1 ,and methinks he was 4 4 4 ,,polemius 7aside74 ,ye gods6 ,yes1 he saw him6 help6 support me6 ,,aurelius4 ,the same person who came hither ,lately in the garb of a doctor1 ,who to-day to cure ,chrysanthus ,such unusual treatment orders4 ,do you ascertain if he ,is ,carpophorus2 let no portent ,fright you1 on yourself rely1 ,and you 'll find that all will prosper4 ,,polemius4 ,thanks1 ,aurelius1 for your warning1 ,though 't is somewhat tardily offered4 ,whether you are right or wrong1 ,i to-day will solve the problem4 ,for the sudden palpitation ,of my heart that beats and throbbeth ',gainst my breast1 doth prove how true ,are the suspicions that it fostered4 ,and if so1 then ,rome will see ,such examples made1 such torments1 ,that one bleeding corse will show ,wounds enough for myriad corses4 ,exeunt ,aurelius and ,polemius4 ,,claudius4 ,good ,escarpin 4 4 4 ,,escarpin4 ,sir4 ,,claudius4 ,i know not ,how to address you in my sorrow4 ,do you say that ,cynthia was ,one of those not over-modest ,beauties who to court ,chrysanthus ,hither came1 and who 7strange portent67 ,had some share of his bewitchment ,in the stupor that came on them8 ,,escarpin4 ,yes1 sir1 and what 's worse1 ,daria ,was another1 thus the torment ,that we both endure is equal1 ,if my case be not the stronger1 ,since to love her would be almost ,less an injury than to scorn her4 ,,claudius4 ,well1 ,i will not quarrel with you ,on the point 7for it were nonsense7 ,whether one should feel more keenly ,love or hate1 disdain or fondness ,shown to one we love2 enough ',t is to me to know1 that prompted ,or by vanity or by interest1 ,she came hither to hold converse ,with him1 't is enough to make me ,lose the love ,i once felt for her4 ,,escarpin4 ,sir1 two men1 one bald1 one squint-eyed1 ,met one day 4 4 4 ,,claudius4 ,what1 on your hobby8 ,a new story8 ,,escarpin4 ,to tell stories1 ,sir1 is not my 'forte'1 'pon honour3-- ,though who would n't make a hazard ,when the ball is over the pocket8-- ,,claudius4 ,well1 ,i do not care to hear it4 ,,escarpin4 ,ah1 you know it then3 ,another ,let me try3 ,a friar once 4 4 4 ,stay though1 ,i have quite forgotten ,there are no friars yet in ,rome3 ,well1 once more3 a fool 4 4 4 ,,claudius4 ,a blockhead ,like yourself1 say3 cease4 ,,escarpin4 ,ah1 sir1 ,my poor tale do n't cruelly shorten4 ,while the sacristan was blowing 4 4 4 ,,claudius4 ,why1 by heaven6 ,i 'll kill you1 donkey4 ,,escarpin4 ,hear me first1 and kill me after4 ,,claudius4 ,was there ever known such folly ,as to think 'mid cares so grave ,i could listen to such nonsense8 7exit4 ,enter ,chrysanthus and ,daria1 at opposite sides4 ,,daria 7to herself74 ,o ye gods1 since my intention ,was in empty air to scatter ,all these prodigies and wonders ,worked in favour of ,chrysanthus ,by the ,christians' sorcery1 why1 ,having you for my copartners1 ,do ,i not achieve a victory ,which my beauty might make facile8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,o ye heavens1 since my ambition ,was to melt ,daria's hardness1 ,and to bring her to the knowledge ,of one ,god who works these marvels1 ,why1 so pure is my intention1 ,why1 so zealous and so sanguine1 ,does not easy victory follow1 ,due even to my natural talent8 ,,daria 7aside74 ,he is here1 and though already ,even to see him1 to have parley ,with him1 lights a living fire ,in my breast1 which burns yet glads me1 ,yet he must confess my gods1 ,ere ,i own that ,i am vanquished4 ,,chrysanthus 7aside74 ,she comes hither1 and though ,i ,by her beauty am distracted1 ,still she must become a ,christian ,ere a wife's dear name ,i grant her4 ,,daria 7aside74 ,venus1 to my beauty give ,power to make of him my vassal4 ,,chrysanthus 7aside74 ,grant1 ,o ,lord1 unto my tongue ,words that may dispel her darkness4 ,,daria 7aside74 ,to come near him makes me tremble4 ,,chrysanthus 7aside74 ,to address her1 quite unmans me3-- ,not in vain1 ,o fair ,daria1 7aloud4 ,does the verdure of this garden1 ,when it sees thee pass1 grow young ,as beneath spring's dewy spangles2 ,not in vain1 since though 't is evening1 ,thou a new ,aurora dazzleth1 ,that the birds in public concert ,hail thee with a joyous anthem2 ,not in vain the streams and fountains1 ,as their crystal current passes1 ,keep melodious time and tune ,with the bent boughs of the alders2 ,the light movement of the zephyrs ,as athwart the flowers they 're wafted1 ,bends their heads to see thee coming1 ,then uplifts them to look after4 ,,daria4 ,these fine flatteries1 these fine phrases ,make me doubt of thee1 ,chrysanthus4 ,he who gilds the false so well1 ,must mere truth find unattractive4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,hast thou then such little faith ,in my love8 ,,daria4 ,thou needst not marvel4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,why8 ,,daria4 ,because no more of faith ,doth a love deserve that acteth ,such deceptions4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what deceptions8 ,,daria4 ,are not those enough1 ,chrysanthus1 ,that thou usest to convince me ,of thy love1 of thy attachment1 ,when my first and well-known wishes ,thou perversely disregardest8 ,is it possible a man ,so distinguished for his talents1 ,so illustrious in his blood1 ,such a favourite from his manners1 ,would desire to ruin all ,by an error so unhappy1 ,and for some delusive dream ,see himself abhorred and branded8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i nor talents1 manners1 blood1 ,would be worthy of1 if madly ,i denied a ,great ,first ,cause1 ,who made all things1 mind and matter1 ,time1 heaven1 earth1 air1 water1 fire1 ,sun1 moon1 stars1 fish1 birds1 beasts1 ,man then4 ,,daria4 ,did not ,jupiter1 then1 make heaven1 ,where we hear his thunders rattle8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,no1 for if he could have made ,heaven1 he had no need to grasp it ,for himself at the partition1 ,when to ,neptune's rule he granted ,the great sea1 and hell to ,pluto2-- ,then they were ere all this happened4#ab ,,daria4 ,is not ,ceres the earth1 then8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,no4 ,since she lets the plough and harrow ,tear its bosom1 and a goddess ,would not have her frame so mangled4 ,,daria4 ,tell me1 is not ,saturn time8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,he is not1 though he dispatcheth ,all the children he gives birth to2 ,to a god no crimes should happen4 ,,daria4 ,is not ,venus the air8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,much less1 ,since they say that she was fashioned ,from the foam1 and foam1 we know1 ,cannot from the air be gathered4 ,,daria4 ,is not ,neptune the sea8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,as little1 ,for inconstancy were god's mark then4 ,,daria4 ,is not the sun ,apollo8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,no4 ,,daria4 ,the moon ,diana8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,all mere babble4 ,they are but two shining orbs ,placed in heaven1 and there commanded ,to obey fixed laws of motion ,which thy mind need not embarrass4 ,how can these be called the gods-- ,gods adulterers and assassins6 ,gods who pride themselves for thefts1 ,and a thousand forms of badness1 ,if the ideas ,god and ,sin ,are opposed as light to darkness8-- ,with another argument ,i would further sift the matter4 ,let then ,jupiter be a god1 ,in his own sphere lord and master3 ,let ,apollo be one also3 ,should ,jove wish to hurl in anger ,down his red bolts on the world1 ,and ,apollo would not grant them1 ,he the so-called god of fire2 ,from the independent action ,of the two does it not follow ,one of them must be the vanquished8 ,then they cannot be called gods1 ,gods whose wills are counteracted4 ,one is ,god whom ,i adore 4 4 4 ,and ,he is1 in fine1 that martyr ,who has died for love of thee6-- ,since then1 thou hast said1 so adverse ,was thy proud disdain1 one only ,thou couldst love with love as ardent ,almost as his own1 was he ,who would 4 4 4 ,,daria4 ,oh6 proceed no farther1 ,hold1 delay thee1 listen1 stay1 ,do not drive my brain distracted1 ,nor confound my wildered senses1 ,nor convulse my speech1 my language1 ,since at hearing such a mystery ,all my strength appears departed4 ,i do not desire to argue ,with thee1 for1 ,i own it frankly1 ,i am but an ignorant woman1 ,little skilled in such deep matters4 ,in this law have ,i been born1 ,in it have been bred3 the chances ,are that in it ,i shall die3 ,and since change in me can hardly ,be expected1 for ,i never ,at thy bidding will disparage ,my own gods1 here stay in peace4 ,never do ,i wish to hearken ,to thy words again1 or see thee1 ,for even falsehood1 when apparelled ,in the garb of truth1 exerteth ,too much power to be disregarded4 ,exit4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,stay1 ,i cannot live without thee1 ,or1 if thou wilt go1 the magnet ,of thine eye must make me follow4 ,all my happiness is anchored ,there4 ,return1 ,daria4 4 4 4 7,enter ,carpophorus47 ,,carpophorus4 ,stay4 ,follow not her steps till after ,you have heard me speak4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what would you8 ,,carpophorus4 ,i would reprimand your lapses1 ,seeing how ungratefully ,you1 my son1 towards me have acted4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i ungrateful6 ,,carpophorus4 ,you ungrateful1 ,yes1 because you have abandoned1 ,have forgotten ,god's assistance1 ,so effectual and so ample4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,do not say ,i have forgotten ,or abandoned it1 wise master1 ,since my memory to preserve it ,is as 't were a diamond tablet4 ,,carpophorus4 ,think you that ,i can believe you1 ,if when having in this garment ,sought you out to train and teach you1 ,in the ,christian faith and practice1 ,until deep theology ,you most learnedly have mastered2 ,if1 when having seen your progress1 ,your attention and exactness1 ,i in secret gave you baptism1 ,which its mark indelibly stampeth2 ,you so great a good forgetting1 ,you for such a bliss so thankless1 ,with such shameful ease surrender ,to this love-dream1 this attachment8 ,did it strike you not1 ,chrysanthus1 ,to that calling how contrasted ,are delights1 delirious tumults1 ,are love's transports and its raptures1 ,which you should resist8 ,recall too1 ,can you not8 the aid heaven granted ,when you helped yourself1 and prayed for ,its assistance3 were you not guarded ,by it when a sweet voice sung1 ,when a keen wit glowed and argued1 ,when the instrument was silenced1 ,when the tongue was forced to stammer1 ,until now1 when with free will ,you succumb to the enchantment ,of one fair and fatal face1 ,which hath done to you such damage ,that 't will work your final ruin1 ,if the trial longer lasteth8-- ,,chrysanthus4 ,oh6 my father1 oh6 my teacher1 ,hear me1 for although the charges ,brought against me thus are heavy1 ,still ,i to myself have ample ,reasons for my exculpation4 ,since you taught me1 you1 dear master1 ,that the union of two wills ,in our law is well established4 ,be not then displeased1 ,carpophorus 4 4 4 7,aside47 ,heavens6 what have ,i said8 ,my father6 7,enter ,polemius47 ,,polemius 7aside74 ,ah6 this name removes all doubt4 ,but ,i must restrain my anger1 ,and dissemble for the present1 ,if such patience ,jove shall grant me3-- ,how are you to-day1 ,chrysanthus8 7aloud4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,sir1 my love and duty cast them ,humbly at your feet3 7aside1 ,thank heaven1 ,that he heard me not1 this calmness ,cannot be assumed74 ,,polemius4 ,i value ,more than ,i can say your manner ,towards my son1 so kind1 so zealous ,for his health4 ,,carpophorus4 ,heaven knows1 much farther ,even than this is my ambition1 ,sir1 to serve you3 but the passions ,of ,chrysanthus are so strong1 ,that my skill they overmaster4 ,,polemius4 ,how8 ,,carpophorus4 ,because the means of cure ,he perversely counteracteth4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,ah6 sir1 no1 ,i 've left undone ,nothing that you have commanded4 ,,carpophorus4 ,no1 not so1 his greatest peril ,he has rashly disregarded4 ,,polemius4 ,i implicitly can trust you1 ,of whose courage1 of whose talents ,i have been so well informed1 ,that ,i mean at once to grant them ,the reward they so well merit4 ,,carpophorus4 ,sir1 may heaven preserve and guard you4 ,,polemius4 ,come with me2 for ,i desire ,that you should from my apartments ,choose what best doth please you2 ,i ,do not doubt you 'll find an ample ,guerdon for your care4 ,,carpophorus4 ,to be ,honoured in this public manner ,is my best reward4 ,,polemius 7aside74 ,the world ,shall this day a dread example ,of my justice see1 transcending ,all recorded in time's annals4 7,exeunt ,polemius and ,carpophorus47 ,,chrysanthus4 ,better than ,i could have hoped for ,has it happened1 since my father ,shows by his unruffled face ,that his name he has not gathered4 ,what more evidence can ,i wish for ,than to see the gracious manner ,in which he conducts him whither ,his reward he means to grant him8 ,oh6 that love would do as much ,in the fears and doubts that rack me1 ,since ,i cannot wed ,daria1 ,and be faithful to ,christ's banner4 7,enter ,daria47 ,,daria 7aside74 ,tyrant question which methought ,timely flight alone could answer1 ,once again1 against my will ,to his presence thou dost drag me4 ,,chrysanthus 7aside74 ,but she comes again3 let sorrow ,be awhile replaced by gladness3-- ,ah6 ,daria1 so resolved#ac 7aloud1 ,not to see or hear me more1 ,art thou here8 ,,daria4 ,deep pondering o'er1 ,as the question ,i revolved1 ,i would have the mystery solved3 ',t is for that ,i 'm here1 then see ,it is not to speak with thee4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,speak1 what doubt wouldst thou decide8 ,,daria4 ,thou hast said a ,god once died ,through ,his boundless love to me3 ,now to bring thee to conviction ,let me this one strong point try 4 4 4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,what8 ,,daria4 ,to be a ,god1 and die1 ,doth imply a contradiction4 ,and if thou dost still deny ,to my god the name divine1 ,and reject him in thy scorn ,for beginning1 ,i opine1 ,if thy ,god could die1 that mine ,might as easily be born4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,thou dost argue with great skill1 ,but thou must remember still1 ,that ,he hath1 this ,god of mine1 ,human nature and divine1 ,and that it has been ,his will ,as it were ,his power to hide-- ,god made man--man deified-- ,when this sinful world ,he trod1 ,since ,he was not born as ,god1 ,and it was as man ,he died4 ,,daria4 ,does it not more greatness prove1 ,as among the beauteous stars1 ,that one deity should be ,mars1 ,and another should be ,jove1 ,than this blending ,god above ,with weak man below8 ,to thee ,does not the twin deity ,of two gods more power display1 ,than if in some mystic way ,god and man conjoined could be8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,no1 ,i would infer this rather1 ,if the god-head were not one1 ,each a separate course could run3 ,but the untreated ,father1 ,but the sole-begotten ,son1 ,but the ,holy ,spirit who ,ever issues from the two1 ,being one sole ,god1 must be ,one in power and dignity3-- ,until thou dost hold this true1 ,till thy creed is that the ,son ,was made man1 ,i cannot hear thee1 ,cannot see thee or come near thee1 ,thee and death at once to shun4 ,,daria4 ,stay1 my love may so be won1 ,and if thou wouldst wish this done1 ,oh6 explain this mystery6 ,what am ,i to do1 ah6 me1 ,that my love may thus be tried8 ,,carpophorus 7within74 ,seek1 ,o soul6 seek ,him who died ,solely for the love of thee4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,all that ,i could have replied ,has been said thus suddenly ,by this voice that1 sounding near1 ,strikes upon my startled ear ,like the summons of my death4 ,,daria4 ,ah6 what frost congeals my breath1 ,chilling me with icy fear1 ,as ,i hear its sad lament3 ,whence did sound the voice8 ,enter ,polemius and soldiers4 ,,polemius4 ,from here3 ',t is1 ,chrysanthus1 my intent ,thus to place before thy sight-- ,thus to show thee in what light ,i regard thy restoration ,back to health1 the estimation ,in which ,i regard the wight ,who so skilfully hath cured thee4 ,a surprise ,i have procured thee1 ,and for him a fit reward3 ,raise the curtain1 draw the cord1 ,see1 't is death6 ,if this 4 4 4 7,a curtain is drawn aside1 and ,carpophorus is seen beheaded1 the head being at some distance from the body47 ,,chrysanthus4 ,i freeze6-- ,,polemius4 ,is the cure of thy disease1 ,what must that disease have been6 ',t is ,carpophorus4 4 4 4 ,,daria4 ,dread scene6 ,,polemius4 ,he who with false science came ,not to give thee life indeed1 ,but that he himself should bleed3-- ,that thy fate be not the same1 ,of his mournful end take heed3 ,do not thou that dost survive1 ,my revenge still further drive1 ,since the sentence seems misread-- ,the physician to be dead1 ,and the invalid alive4-- ,,chrysanthus4 ,it were cruelty extreme1 ,it were some delirious dream1 ,that could see in this the cure ,of the ill that ,i endure4 ,,polemius4 ,it to him did pity seem1 ,seemed the sole reward that he ,asked or would receive from me3 ,since when dying1 he but cried 4 4 ,,the ,,head ,,of ,,carpophorus4 ,seek1 ,o soul6 seek ,him who died ,solely for the love of thee6-- ,,chrysanthus4 ,what a portent6 ,,daria4 ,what a wonder6 ,,escarpin4 ,jove6 my own head splits asunder6-- ,,polemius4 ,even though severed1 in it dwells ,still the force of magic spells4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,sir1 it were a fatal blunder ,to be blind to this appalling ,tragedy you wrong by calling ,the result of spells--no spells ,are such signs1 but miracles ,outside man's experience falling4 ,he came here because he yearned ,with his pure and holy breath ,to give life1 and so found death4 ',t is a lesson that he learned-- ',t is a recompense he earned-- ,seeing what his ,lord could do1 ,being to his ,master true3 ,kill me also3 ,he had one ,bright example3 shall ,i shun ,death in turn when ,i have two8 ,,polemius4 ,i1 in listening to thy raving1 ,scarce can calm the wrath thou 'rt braving4 ,dead ere now thou sure wouldst lie1 ,didst thou not desire to die4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,father1 if the death ,i 'm craving 4 4 4 ,,polemius4 ,speak not thus3 no son ,i know4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,not to thee ,i spoke1 for though ,humanly thou hast that name1 ,thou hast forfeited thy claim3 ,i that sweet address now owe ,unto him whose holier aim ,kindled in my heart a flame ,which shall there for ever glow1 ,woke within me a new soul ,that thou 'rt powerless to control-- ,generated a new life ,safe against thy hand or knife3 ,him a father's name ,i give ,who indeed has made me live1 ,not to him whose tyrant will ,only has the power to kill4 ,therefore on this dear one dead1 ,on this pallid corse laid low1 ,lying bathed in blood and snow1 ,by this lifeless lodestone led1 ,i such bitter tears shall shed1 ,that my grief 4 4 4 ,,polemius4 ,ho6 instantly ,tear him from it4 ,,daria 7aside74 ,thus to be ,by such prodigies surrounded1 ,leaves me dazzled and confounded4 ,,polemius4 ,hide the corse4 ,,escarpin4 ,leave that to me 7,the head and body are concealed74 ,,polemius4 ,bear ,chrysanthus now away ,to a tower of darksome gloom ,which shall be his living tomb4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,that ,i hear with scant dismay1 ,since the memory of this day ,with me there will ever dwell4 ,fair ,daria1 fare thee well1 ,and since now thou knowest who ,died for love of thee1 renew ,the sweet vow that in the dell ,once thou gav'st me1 ,him to love ,after death who so loved thee4 ,,polemius4 ,take him hence4 ,,daria4 ,ah6 suddenly ,light descendeth from above ,which my darkness doth remove4 ,now thy shadowed truth ,i see1 ,now the ,christian's faith profess4 ,let thy bloody lictors press ,round me1 racking every limb1 ,let me only die with him1 ,since ,i openly confess ,that the gods are false whom we ,long have worshipped1 that ,i trust ,christ alone--the ,true--the ,just-- ,the ,one ,god1 whose power ,i see1 ,and who died for love of me4 ,,polemius4 ,take her too1 since she in this ,boasts how dark1 how blind she is4 ,,daria4 ,oh6 command that ,i should dwell ,with ,chrysanthus in his cell4 ,in our hearts we long are mated1 ,and ere now had celebrated ,our espousals fond and true1 ,if the ,one same ,god we knew4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,this sole bliss alone ,i waited ,to die happy4 ,,polemius4 ,how my heart ,is with wrath and rage possest6-- ,hold thy hand1 present it not1 ,for ,i would not have thy lot ,by the least indulgence blest2 ,nor do thou1 if thy wild brain ,such a desperate course maintain1 ,hope to have her as thy bride-- ,trophy of our gods denied3-- ,separate them4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,o the pain6 ,,daria4 ,o the woe6 unhappy me6 ,,polemius4 ,take them hence1 and let them be 7,since my justice now at least ,makes amends for mercy past7 ,punished so effectually ,that their wishes1 their desires1 ,what each wanteth or requires1 ,shall be thwarted or denied1 ,that between opposing fires ,they for ever shall be tried3-- ,since ,chrysanthus' former mood ,only wished the solitude ,whence such sorrows have arisen1 ,take him to the public prison1 ,and be sure in fire and food ,that he shall not be preferred ,to the meanest culprit there4 ,naked1 abject1 let him fare ,as the lowest of the herd3 ,there1 while chains his body gird1 ,let him grovel and so die3-- ,for ,daria1 too1 hard by ,is another public place1 ,shameful home of worse disgrace1 ,where imprisoned let her lie3 ,if1 relying on the powers ,of her beauty1 her vain pride ,dreamed of being my son's bride1 ,never shall she see that hour4 ,soon shall fade her virgin flower1 ,soon be lost her nymph-like grace-- ,roses shall desert her face1 ,waving gold her silken hair4 ,she who left ,diana's care ,must with ,venus find her place3 ',mong vile women let her dwell1 ,vile1 abandoned even as they4 ,,escarpin 7aside74 ,there my love shall have full play4 ,o rare judge1 you sentence well6 ,,chrysanthus4 ,sir1 if thou must have a fell ,vengeance for this act of mine1 ,take my life1 for it is thine2 ,but my honour do not dare ,to insult through one so fair4 ,,daria4 ,wreak thy rage1 if faith divine ,so offends thee1 upon me1 ,not upon my chastity3-- ',t is a virtue purer far ,than the light of sun or star1 ,and has ne'er offended thee4 ,,polemius4 ,take them hence4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,ah me1 to find ,words1 that might affect thy mind6 ,melt thy heart6 ,,daria4 ,ah1 me1 who e'er ,saw a martyrdom so rare8-- ,,polemius4 ,wouldst thou then the torment fly1 ,thou hast only to deny ,christ4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,the ,saviour of mankind8 ,this ,i cannot do4 ,,daria4 ,nor ,i4 ,,polemius4 ,let them instantly from this ,to their punishment be led4-- ,,escarpin4 ,do not budge from what you said4 ,it is excellent as it is4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,woe is me6 but wherefore fear1 ,o beloved betrothed mine8-- ,trust in ,god1 that power divine ,for whose sake we suffer here3-- ,,he will aid us and be near3-- ,,daria4 ,in that confidence ,i live1 ,for if ,he ,his life could give ,for my love1 and me select1 ,he ,his honour will protect4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,these sad tears ,he will forgive4 ,ne'er to see thee more6 thus driven4 4 4 ,,daria4 ,cease1 my heart like thine is riven1 ,but again we 'll see each other1 ,when in heaven we 'll be1 my brother1 ,the two lover saints of ,heaven4 7,they are led out4 ,,scene ,,ii4--,the hall of a bordel4 ,soldiers conducting ,daria4 ,a ,,soldier4 ,here ,polemius bade us leave her1 ,the great senator of ,rome4#ad 7exeunt47 ,,daria4 ,as the noonday might be left ,in the midnight's dusky robe1 ,as the light amid the darkness1 ,as 'mid clouds the solar globe3 ,but although the shades and shadows1 ,through the vapours of ,heaven's dome4 ,strive with villainous presumption ,light and splendour to enfold1 ,though they may conceal the lustre1 ,still they cannot stain it1 no4 ,and it is a consolation ,this to know1 that even the gold1 ,how so many be its carats1 ,how so rich may be the lode1 ,is not certain of its value ',till the crucible hath told4 ,ah6 from one extreme to another ,does my strange existence go3 ,yesterday in highest honour1 ,and to-day so poor and low6 ,still1 if ,i am self-reliant1 ,need ,i fear an alien foe8 ,but1 ah me1 how insufficient ,is my self-defence alone6-- ,o new ,god to whom ,i offer ,life and soul1 whom ,i adore1 ,in ,thy confidence ,i rest me4 ,help me1 ,lord1 ,i ask no more4 7,enter ,escarpin47 ,,escarpin4 ,where ,i wonder can she be8 ,but ,i need not farther go1 ,here she is3--,at length1 ,daria1 ,my good lady1 and soforth1 ,now has come the happy moment1 ,when in open market sold1 ,all thy charms are for the buyer1 ,who can spend a little gold2 ,and since happily love's tariff ,is not an excessive toll1 ,here ,i am1 and so1 ,daria1 ,let these clasping arms enfold 4 4 4 ,,daria4 ,do not ,thou desert ,thy handmaid ,in this dreadful hour1 ,o ,lord6-- ,cries of people within4 ,a ,,voice 7within74 ,oh1 the lion6 oh1 the lion6 ,,another ,,voice 7within74 ,ho6 take care of the lion1 ho6 ,,escarpin4 ,let the lion care himself1 ,i 'm engaged and cannot go4 ,a ,,voice 7within74 ,from the mountain wilds descending1 ,through the crowded streets he goes4 ,,another ,,voice 7within74 ,like the lightning's flash he flieth1 ,like the thunder is his roar4 ,,escarpin4 ,ah6 all right1 for ,i 'm in safety1 ,thanks to this obliging door3 ,lightning is a thing intended ,for high towers and stately domes1 ,never heard ,i of its falling ,upon little lowly homes3 ,so if lion be the lightning1 ,somewhere else will fall the bolt3 ,therefore once again1 ,daria1 ,come1 ,i say1 embrace me4 4 4 4 4 7,a lion enters1 places himself before ,daria1 and seizes ,escarpin47 ,,daria4 ,oh6 ,never in my life did ,i ,see a nobler beast4 ,,escarpin4 ,just so1 ,nor a more affectionate one ,did ,i ever meet before1 ,since he gives me the embraces ,that ,i asked of thee and more3 ,o god ,bacchus1 whom ,i worship ,so devoutly1 thou1 ,i know1 ,workest powerfully on beasts4 ,tell our friend to let me go4 ,,daria4 ,noble brute1 defend my honour1 ,be ,god's minister below4 ,,escarpin4 ,how he gnaws me6 how he claws me6 ,how he smells6 ,his breath1 by ,jove1 ,is as bad as an emetic4 ,but you need n't eat me1 though4 ,that would be a sorry blunder1 ,like what happened long ago4 ,would you like to hear the story8 ,by your growling you say no4 ,what6 you 'll eat me then8 ,you 'll find me ,a tough morsel1 skin and bone4 ,o ,daria6 ,i implore thee1 ,save me from this monster's throat1 ,and ,i give to thee my promise ,to respect thee evermore4 ,,daria4 ,mighty monarch of these deserts1 ,king of beasts1 so plainly known ,by thy crown of golden tresses ,o'er thy tawny forehead thrown1 ,in the name of ,him who sent thee ,to defend that faith ,i hold1 ,i command thee to release him1 ,free this man and let him go4 ,,escarpin4 ,what a most obsequious monster6 ,with his mane he sweeps the floor1 ,and before her humbly falling1 ,kisses her fair feet4 ,,daria4 ,what more ,need we ask1 that ,thou didst send him1 ,o great ,god so late adored1 ,than to see his pride thus humbled ,when he heard thy name implored8 ,but upon his feet uprising1 ,the great roaring ,campeador#ae ,of the mountains makes a signal ,i should follow3 yes1 ,i go1 ,fearless now since ,thou hast freed me ,from this infamous abode4 ,what will not that lover do ,who for love his life foregoes6-- 7,goes out preceded by the lion4 ,,escarpin4 ,with a lion for her bully ,ready to fight all her foes1 ,who will dare to interrupt her8 ,none1 if they are wise ,i trow4 ,with her hand upon his mane1 ,quite familiarly they go ,through the centre of the city4 ,crowds give way as they approach1 ,and as he who looketh on ,knoweth of the game much more ,than the players1 ,i perceive ,they the open country seek ,on the further side of ,rome4 ,like a husband and a wife1 ,in the pleasant sunshine's glow1 ,taking the sweet air they seem4 ,well the whole affair doth show ,so much curious contradiction1 ,that1 my thought1 a brief discourse ,you and ,i must have together4 ,is the ,god whose name is known ,to ,daria1 the same ,god ,whom ,carpophorus adored8 ,why1 from this what inference follows8 ,only this1 if it be so1 ,that ,daria ,he defends1 ,but the poor ,carpophorus1 no4 ,and as ,i am much more likely ,his sad fate to undergo1 ,than to be like her protected1 ,i to change my faith am loth4 ,so part pagan and part christian ,i 'll remain--a bit of both4 7,exit4 ,,scene ,,iii4--,the ,wood4 7,enter ,,nisida and ,,cynthia1 flying47 ,,cynthia4 ,fly1 fly1 ,nisida4 ,,nisida4 ,fly1 fly1 ,cynthia1 ,since a terror and a woe ,threatens us by far more fearful ,than when late a horror froze ,all our words1 and o'er our reason ,strange lethargic dulness flowed4 ,,cynthia4 ,thou art right1 for then 't was only ,our intelligence that owned ,the effect of an enchantment1 ,a mere pause of thought alone4 ,here our very life doth leave us1 ,seeing with what awful force ,stalks along this mighty lion ,trampling all that stops his course4 ,,nisida4 ,whither shall we fly for shelter8 ,,cynthia4 ,o ,diana1 we implore ,help from thee6 ,but stranger still6-- ,him who doth appal us so1 ,the wild monarch of the mountain ,see6 a woman calm and slow ,follows4 ,,nisida4 ,o astounding sight6 ,,cynthia4 ',t is ,daria4 ,,nisida4 ,i was told ,she had been consigned to prison3 ,yes1 't is she3 on1 on they go ,through the forest4 ,,cynthia4 ,till the mountain ,hides them1 and we see no more4 7,enter ,escarpin47 ,,escarpin4 ,all ,rome is full of wonder and dismay4#af ,,nisida4 ,what has occurred8 ,,cynthia4 ,oh6 what has happened1 say8 ,,escarpin4 ,chrysanthus1 being immured ,by his stern sire1 a thousand ills endured4 ,daria too1 the same1 ,but in a house my tongue declines to name4 ,it pleased the ,god they both adore ,both to their freedom strangely to restore1 ,and from their many pains ,to free them1 and to break their galling chains1 ,giving ,daria1 as attendant squire1 ,a roaring lion1 rolling eyes of fire3-- ,in fine the two have fled1 ,but each apart by separate instinct led ,to this wild mountain near4 ,numerianus coming then to hear ,of the event1 assuming in his wrath1 ,that 't was ,polemius who had oped the path ,of freedom for his son and for the maid1 ,has not an hour delayed1 ,but follows them with such a numerous band1 ,that1 see1 his squadrons cover all the land4 ,,voices 7within74 ,scour the whole plain4 ,,others 7within74 ,descend into the vale4 ,,others 7within74 ,pierce the thick wood4 ,,others 7within74 ,the rugged mountain scale4 ,,escarpin4 ,this noise1 these cries1 confirm what ,i have said3 ,and since by curiosity ,i 'm led ,to sift the matter to the bottom1 ,i ,will follow with the rest4 ,,cynthia4 ,i almost die ,with fear at the alarm1 and yet so great ,is my desire to know ,daria's fate1 ,and that of young ,chrysanthus1 that ,i too ,will follow1 if a woman so may do4 ,,escarpin4 ,what strange results such strange events produce6 ,the very wonder serves as an excuse4 ,,nisida4 ,well1 we must only hope that it is so4 ,come1 ,cynthia1 let us follow her4 ,,cynthia4 ,let us go4 ,,escarpin4 ,and ,i with love most fervent1 ,ladies1 will be your very humble servant4 ,exeunt4 ,,scene ,,iv4--,a wilder part of the wood near the cave4 7,enter ,,daria guided by the lion47 ,,daria4 ,o mighty lion1 whither am ,i led8 ,where wouldst thou guide me with thy stately tread1 ,that seems to walk not on the earth1 but air8 ,but lo6 he has entered there ,where yonder cave its yawning mouth lays bare1 ,the lion enters a cave4 ,leaving me here alone4 ,but now fate clears1 and all will soon be known2 ,for if ,i read aright ,the signs this desert gives unto my sight1 ,it is the very place whence echo gave ,responsive music from this mystic cave4 ,terror and wonder both my senses scare1 ,ah6 whither shall ,i go8 ,,chrysanthus 7within74 ,daria fair6 ,,daria4 ,who calls my hapless name8 ,each leaf that moves doth thrill this wretched frame ,with boding and with dread4 ,but why say wretched8 ,i had better said ,thrice blessed3 ,o great ,god whom ,i adore1 ,baptize me in those tears that ,i outpour1 ,in no more fitting form can ,i declare ,my faith and hope in thee4 ,,chrysanthus 7within74 ,daria fair4 ,,daria4 ,who calls my name8 who wakes those wild alarms8 7,enter ,chrysanthus47 ,,chrysanthus4 ,beloved bride1 't is one to whom thy charms ,are even less dear than is thy soul1 ah6 me1 ,one who would live and who will die with thee4 ,,daria4 ,beloved spouse1 my heart could not demand ,than thus to see thee near1 to clasp thy hand1 ,a sweeter solace for my long dismay1 ,and all the awful wonders of this day4 ,hear the surprising tale1 ,and thou wilt know 4 4 4 ,,voices 7within74 ,search hill4 ,,others4 ,and plain4 ,,others4 ,and vale4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,hush6 the troops our fight pursuing ,have the forest precincts entered4#ag ,,daria4 ,what then shall ,i do1 ,chrysanthus8 ,,chrysanthus4 ,keep thy faith1 thy life surrender3-- ,,daria4 ,i a thousand lives would offer3 ,since to ,god ,i 'm so indebted ,that ,i 'll think myself too happy ,if 't is given for ,him4 ,,polemius 7within74 ,this centre ,of the mountain1 whence the sun ,scarcely ever is reflected-- ,this dark cavern sure must hold them4 ,let us penetrate its entrails1 ,so that here the twain may die4 ,,daria4 ,one thing only is regretted ,by me1 in my life thus losing1 ,i am not baptized4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,reject then ,that mistrust2 in blood and fire#ah ,martyrdom the rite effecteth3-- 7,enter ,polemius and ,soldiers47 ,,polemius4 ,here1 my soldiers1 here they are1 ,and the hand that death presents them ,must be mine1 that none may think ,i a greater love could cherish ,for my son than for my gods4 ,and as ,i desire1 when wendeth ,hither great ,numerianus1 ,that he find them dead1 arrest them ,on the spot1 and fling them headlong ,into yonder cave whose centre ,is a fathomless abyss3-- ,and since one sole love cemented ,their two hearts in life1 in death ,in one sepulchre preserve them4 ,,chrysanthus4 ,oh6 how joyfully ,i die6 ,,daria4 ,and ,i also1 since the sentence ,gives to me the full assurance ,of a happiness most certain ,on the day this darksome cave ,doth entomb me in its centre4 7,they are cast into the abyss47 ,,polemius4 ,cover the pit's mouth with stones4 7,a sudden storm of thunder and lightning3 ,enter ,numerianus1 ,claudius1 ,aurelius1 and others4 ,,numerianus4 ,what can have produced this tempest8 ,,polemius4 ,when within the cave they threw them1 ,dark eclipse o'erspread the heavens4 ,,claudius4 ,shadowy shapes1 phantasmal shadows ,are upon the wind projected4 ,,cynthia4 ,lightnings like swift birds of fire ,dart along with burning tresses4 ,,claudius4 ,lo6 an earthquake's awful shudder ,makes the very mountains tremble4 ,,polemius4 ,yes1 the solid ground upheaveth1 ,and the mighty rock descendeth ,o'er our heads4 ,,nisida4 ,while on the instant ,dulcet voices soft and tender ,issue from the cave's abysses4 ,,numerianus4 ,rome to-day strange sights presenteth1 ,when a grave exhibits gladness1 ,and the sun displays resentment4 7,a choir of angels is heard singing from within the cave47 ,happy day1 and happy doom1 ,may the gladsome world exclaim1 ,when the darksome cave became ,saint ,daria's sacred tomb4 7,a great rock falls from the mountain1 and covers the tomb1 over it is seen an angel47 ,,angel4 ,this great cave which holds to-day ,in its breast so great a treasure1 ,never shall by foot be trodden2-- ,thus it is ,i 've sealed and settled ,this great mass of rock upon it1 ,which doth shut it up for ever4 ,and in order that their ashes ,on the wind be ne'er dispersed1 ,but while time itself endureth ,shall be honoured and respected1 ,this brief epitaph1 this simple ,line shall tell this simple legend ,to the ages that come after3 ,here the bodies are preserved ,of ,chrysanthus and ,daria1 ,the two lover-saints of ,heaven4 ,,claudius4 ,wherefore humbly we entreat ,pardon for our many errors4 #c4 ,the whole of the first scene is in 'asonante' verse1 the vowels being i1 e1 as in restr,ict,ed1 dr,iftl,ess1 h,idd,en1 etc4 ,these vowels1 or their equivalents in sound1 will be found pretty accurately represented in the last two syllables of every alternate line throughout the scene1 which ends at p4 #be1 and where the verse changes into the full consonant rhyme4 #d4 ,the resemblance between certain parts of ,goethe's ,faust and ,the ,wonder-,working ,magician of ,calderon has been frequently alluded to1 and has given rise to a good deal of discussion4 ,in the controversy as to how much the ,german poet was indebted to the ,spanish1 ,i do not recollect any reference to ,the ,two ,lovers of ,heaven4 ,the following passage1 however1 both in its spirit and language1 presents a singular likeness to the more elaborate discussion of the same difficulty in the text4 ,the scene is in ,faustus's study4 ,faustus1 as in the present play1 takes up a volume of the ,new ,testament1 and thus proceeds3 ,,in ,,the ,,beginning ,,was ,,the ,,word4 ,alas6 ,the first line stops me3 how shall ,i proceed8 ,the word cannot express the meaning here4 ,i must translate the passage differently1 ,if by the spirit ,i am rightly guided4 ,once more1--,,in ,,the ,,beginning ,,was ,,the ,,thought4-- ,consider the first line attentively1 ,lest hurrying on too fast1 you lose the meaning4 ,was it then ,thought that has created all things8 ,can thought make matter8 ,let us try the line ,once more1--,,in ,,the ,,beginning ,,was ,,the ,,power-- ,this will not do--even while ,i write the phrase1 ,i feel its faults--oh6 help me1 holy ,spirit1 ,i 'll weigh the passage once again1 and write ,boldly1--,,in ,,the ,,beginning ,,was ,,the ,,act4 ,anster's ,faustus1 ,francfort ed41 #ahda1 p4 #fc4 #e4 ,the same line of argument is worked out with wonderful subtlety of thought and beauty of poetical expression by ,calderon1 in one of the finest of his ,autos ,sacramentales1 ,the ,sacred ,parnassus4 ,autos ,sacramentales1 tom4 vi4 p4 #aj4 #f4 ,the metre reverts here again to the asonante form1 which is kept up for the remainder of this act4 ,the vowels here used are e1 e1 or their equivalents4 #g4 ,this ,clytie knew1 and knew she was undone1 ,whose soul was fix'd1 and doted on the sun4 ,,ovid1 ,metamorphoses1 b4 iv4 #h4 ,in the whole of this scene the asonante vowels are a-e1 or their equivalents4 #i4 ,the asonante in e-e1 recommences here1 and continues until the entry of ,chrysanthus4 #aj4 ,the metre changes to the asonante in a-e for the remainder of this ,act4 #aa4 ,the asonante in this scene is generally in o-e1 o-o1 o-a1 which are nearly all alike in sound4 ,in the second scene the asonante is in a-e1 as in sc,att,er1 etc4 #ab4 ,see note referring to the auto1 ,the ,sacred ,parnassus1 ,act #a1 p4 #ba4 #ac4 ,the asonante changes here into five-lined stanzas in ordinary rhyme4 ,three lines rhyme one way and two the other4 ,poems in this metre are called in ,spanish ',versos de arte mayor1' from the greater skill supposed to be required for their composition4 #ad4 ,the asonante is single here1 consisting only of the long accented o1 as in ,r,ome1 gl,obe1 d,ome1 etc4 #ae4 ,champion1 or combater1 the name generally given the ,cid4 #af4 ,the metre changes to an irregular couplet in long and short lines4 #ag4 ,the metre changes to the double asonante in e-e1 which continues to the end of the drama4 #ah4 ,baptism by blood and fire through martyrdom4 ,calderon refers here evidently to the words of ,st4 ,john the ,baptist3 ,he shall baptize you in the ,holy ,ghost and fire--,st4 ,matth41 c4 iii4 v4 ii4 ,the following passage in the ,legend of ,st4 ,catherine must also have been present to his mind3 ,et cum dolerent1 quod sine baptismo decederent1 virgo respondit3 ,ne timeatis1 quia effusio vestri sanguinis vobis baptismus reputabitur et corona4 ,legenda ,aurea1 c4 #afg4 ,,the ,,spanish ,,drama4 ,,calderon',s ,,dramas ,,and ,,autos1 ,translated into ,english ,verse ,,by ,,denis ,,florence ,,mac-,,carthy4 ,from ,ticknor's ,history of ,spanish ,literature4 ,london3 #ahfc4 ,denis ,florence ,m',carthy published in ,london 7in #ahfa7 translations of two plays1 and an auto of ,calderon1 under the title of ',love1 the greatest ,enchantment2 the ,sorceries of ,sin2 the ,devotion of the ,cross1 from the ,spanish of ,calderon1 attempted strictly in ,english ,asonante1 and other imitative ,verse'1 printing1 at the same time1 a carefully corrected text of the originals1 page by page1 opposite to his translations4 ,it is1 ,i think1 one of the boldest attempts ever made in ,english verse4 ,it is1 too1 as it seems to me1 remarkably successful4 ,not that asonantes can be made fluent or graceful in ,english1 or easily perceptible to an ,english ear1 but that the ,spanish air and character of ,calderon are so happily preserved4 ,mr4 ,m',carthy1 in #ahec1 had published two volumes of translations from ,calderon1 to which ,i have already referred2 and1 besides this1 he has rendered excellent service to the cause of ,spanish literature in other ways4 ,but in the present volume he has far surpassed all he had previously done2 for ,calderon is a poet who1 whenever he is translated1 should have his very excesses1 both in thought and manner1 fully produced1 in order to give a faithful idea of what is grandest and most distinctive in his genius4 ,mr4 ,m',carthy has done this1 ,i conceive1 to a degree which ,i had previously considered impossible4 ,nothing1 ,i think1 in the ,english language will give us so true an impression of what is most characteristic of the ,spanish drama2 perhaps ,i ought to say1 of what is most characteristic of ,spanish poetry generally4--tom4 iii4 pp4 #dfa1 #dfb4 ,extracts from ,continental ,reviews4 ,from ,blaeater fuer ,literarische ,unterhaltung4 #ahfb4 ,erster ,baude1 #dgi ,leipzig1 ,f4 ,a4 ,brockhans4 ,erwaehnenswerth ist folgender ,kuehne versuch einer ,rachdildung ,calderon' scher stuecke in ,englishchen ,assonanzen4 ,love1 the greatest enchantment2 ,the ,sorceries of ,sin2 ,the ,devotion of the ,cross1 from the ,spanish of ,calderon1 attempted strictly in ,english ,asonante1 and other imitative verse4 ,by ,denis ,florence ,mac-,carthy4 ,diese ,uebersetzung ist dem ,verfasser der ,history of ,spanish ,literature1 ,george ,ticknor1 zugeeignet1 der in einem ,schreiber au den ,uebersetzer die ,arbeit marvellous nennt und dam fortfaehrt3 ,richt das sie die ,assonanzen dem englischen ,ohr so hoerbar gemacht haetten1 wie dies mit den ,spanischen der ,fall ist2 unsere widerhaarigen consonanten machen dies unmoeglich2 das ,wunderbare ist nur1 das sie dieselben ueberhaupt hoerbar gemacht haben4 ,meiner ,meinung nach nehme ist ,ihre ,assonanzen so deutlich wahr1 wil die ,von ,august ,schlegel oder ,gries und mehr als diejenigen ,friedrich ,schlegel's4 ,aber dieser war der erste1 der den versuch dazu machte1 und ausserdem bin ich ,kein ,deutscher4 ,wurde es nicht lustig sein1 wenn man einmal ein solches ,experiment in franzoeschicher ,sprache wolte8 ,ohne zweifel wuerde ,mac,carthy ,ohne den vorgaug deutscher ,nachbilder des ,calderon ebenso wenig darauf gekommen sein englische ,assonanzen zu versuchen1 als man ohne das ermunternde ,beispiel deutscher ,dichter und ,uebersetzer darauf gekommen sein wurde1 in ,uebersetzungen und originaldichtungen unter welchen letztern wol besonders ,longfellow's ',evangeline'1 zu nennen ist1 englische ,hexameter zu versuchen1 was in letzter zeit gar nicht selten geschehen ist4 ,from ,boletin de ,ferro-,carriles4 ,cadiz3 #ahfb4 ,la novedad que nos comunica de la existencia de traducciones tan acabadas de nuestro grande e inimitable ,calderon1 ostendando1 hasta cierto punto1 las galas y formas del original1 estamos seguros sera acogida con favor1 si no con entusiasmo1 per los verdaderos amantes de las letras espanolas4 ,a ellos nos dirijimos1 recomendandoles el ultimo trabajo del ,senor ,mac-,carthy1 seguros de que participaran del mismo placer que nosotros hemos experimentado al examinar su fiel1 al par que brillante traduccion2 y en cuanto a la dificil tentativa de los asonantes ingleses1 nos sorpende que el ,senor ,mac-,carthy haya podido sacar tanto parido1 si se considera la indole peculiar de los dos idiomas4 ,extracts from ,letters addressed to the ,author4 ,from ,henry ,wadsworth ,longfellow1 ,esq4 ,cambridge1 near ,boston1 ,america1 ,april #bi1 #ahfb4 ,i thank you very much for your new work in the vast and flowery fields of ,calderon4 ,it is1 ,i think1 admirable2 and presents the old ,spanish dramatist before the ,english reader in a very attractive light4 ,particularly in the most poetical passages you are excellent2 as1 for instance1 in the fine description of the gerfalcon and the heron in ',el ,mayor ,encanto'4--#aa ,jor4 ,your previous volumes ,i have long possessed and highly prized2 and ,i hope you mean to add more and more1 so as to make the translation as nearly complete as a single life will permit4 ,it seems rather appalling to undertake the whole of so voluminous a writer4 ,nevertheless1 ,i hope you will do it4 ,having proved that you can1 perhaps you ought to do it4 ,this may be your appointed work4 ,it is a noble one4 ,with much regard1 ,i am1 etc41 ,,henry ,w4 ,,longfellow4 ,denis ,florence ,mac-,carthy1 ,esq44 ,from the ,same4 ,nahant1 near ,boston1 ,august #aj1 #aheg4 ,,my ,,dear ,,sir1 ,before leaving ,cambridge to come down here to the sea-side1 ,i had the pleasure of receiving your precious volume of ',mysteries of ,corpus ,christi'2 and should have thanked you sooner for your kindness in sending it to me1 had ,i not been very busy at the time in getting out my last volume of ,dante4 ,i at once read your work1 with eagerness and delight--that peculiar and strange delight which ,calderon gives his admirers1 as peculiar and distinct as the flavour of an olive from that of all other fruits4 ,you are doing this work admirably1 and seem to gain new strength and sweetness as you go on4 ,it seems as if ,calderon himself were behind you whispering and suggesting4 ,and what better work could you do in your bright hours or in your dark hours than just this1 which seems to have been put providentially into your hands6 ,the extracts from the ',sacred ,parnassus' in the ,chronicle1 which reached me yesterday1 are also excellent4 ,for this and all1 many and many thanks4 ,yours faithfully1 ,,henry ,w4 ,,longfellow4 ,denis ,florence ,mac-,carthy1 ,esq44 ,from ,george ,ticknor1 ,esq41 the ,historian of ,spanish ,literature4 ,boston1 #afth ,december1 #ahfa4 ,in this point of view1 your volume seems to me little less than marvellous4 ,if ,i had not read it--indeed1 if ,i had not carefully gone through with the ,devocion de la ,cruz1 ,i should not have believed it possible to do what you have done4 ,titian1 they say1 and some others of the old masters1 laid on colours for their groundwork wholly different from those they used afterwards1 but which they counted upon to shine through1 and contribute materially to the grand results they produced4 ,so in your translations1 the ,spanish seems to come through to the surface2 the original air is always perceptible in your variations4 ,it is like a family likeness coming out in the next generation1 yet with the freshness of originality4 ,but the rhyme is as remarkable as the verse and the translation2 not that you have made the asonante as perceptible to the ,english ear as it is to the ,spanish2 our cumbersome consonants make that impossible4 ,but the wonder is1 that you have made it perceptible at all4 ,i think ,i perceive your asonantes much as ,i do those of ,august ,schlegel or ,gries1 and more than ,i do those of ,friederich ,schlegel4 ,but he was the first who tried them1 and1 besides1 ,i am not a ,german4 ,would it not be amusing to have the experiment tried in ,french8 ,from the ,same4 ,boston1 ,march #bj1 #ahfg4 ,the world has claims on you which you ought not to evade2 and1 if the path in which you walk of preference1 leads to no wide popularity or brilliant profits1 it is1 at least1 one you have much to yourself1 and cannot fail to enjoy4 ,you have chosen it from faithful love1 and will always love it2 ,i suspect partly because it is your own choice1 because it is peculiarly your own4 ,from the ,same4 ,boston1 ,july #c1 #ahfg4 ,considered from this point of view1 ,i think that in your present volume ,mysteries of ,corpus ,christi1 or ,autos ,sacramentales of ,calderon you are always as successful as you were in your previous publications of the same sort1 and sometimes more so2 easier1 ,i mean1 freer1 and more happily expressive4 ,if ,i were to pick out my first preference1 ,i should take your fragment of the ',veneno y ,triaca'1 at the end2 but ,i think the whole volume is more fluent1 pleasing1 and attractive than even its predecessors4 ,from the first of ,english religious painters4 ,i cannot resist the impulse ,i have of offering you my most grateful thanks for the greatest intellectual treat ,i have ever experienced in my life1 and which you have afforded me in the magnificent translations of the divine ,calderon2 for1 surely1 of all the poets the world ever saw1 he alone is worthy of standing beside the author of the ,book of ,job and of the ,psalms1 and entrusted1 like them1 with the noble mission of commending to the hearts of others all that belongs to the beautiful and true1 ever directing the thoughtful reader through the love of the beautiful veil1 to the great ,author of all perfection4 ,i cannot conceive a nation can receive a greater boon than being helped to a love of such works as the religious dramas of this ,prince of ,poets4 ,i have for years felt this1 and as your translations appeared1 have read them with the greatest possible interest4 ,i knew not of the publication of the last1 and it was to an accidental1 yet1 with me1 habitual outburst of praise of ,calderon1 as the antidote and cure for the trifling literature of the day1 that my friend 7the7 ,d---- made me aware of its being out4 ,the work especially referred to in the latter part of this interesting letter is the following3 ,mysteries of ,corpus ,christi 7,autos ,sacramentales71 from the ,spanish of ,calderon1 by ,denis ,florence ,mac-,carthy4 ,duffy1 ,dublin and ,london1 #ahfg4 ,extracts from ,american and ,canadian ,journals4 ,from an eloquent article in the ,boston ,courier1 ,march #ah1 #ahfb1 written by ,george ,stillman ,hillard1 ,esq41 the author of ,six ,months in ,italy--a delightful book1 worthy of the beautiful country it so beautifully describes4 ,calderon is one of the three greatest names in ,spanish literature1 ,lope de ,vega and ,cervantes being the other two4 ,he is also a great name in the universal realm of letters1 though out of ,spain he is little more than a great name1 except in ,germany1 that land so hospitable to famous wits1 and where1 to readers and critics of a mystical and transcendental turn1 his peculiar genius strongly commended him4 ,to form a notion of what manner of man ,calderon was1 we must imagine a writer hardly inferior to ,shakespeare in fertility of invention and dramatic insight1 inspired by a religious fervour like that of ,doune or ,crashaw1 and endowed with the wild and ethereal imagination of ,shelley4 ,but the religious fervour is ,catholic1 not ,protestant1 ,southern1 not ,northern3 it is intense1 mystical1 and ecstatic3 like a tongue of upward-darting flame1 it burns and trembles with impassioned impulse to mingle with empyrean fire4 ,the imagination1 too1 is not merely southern1 but with an oriental element shining through it1 like the ruddy heart of an opal4 4 4 ,but our purpose is not to speak of ,calderon1 but of his translator ,mr4 ,mac,carthy2 and to make our readers acquainted with his very successful effort to reproduce in ,english some of the most characteristic productions of the genius of ,spain1 retaining even one of the peculiarities in the structure of the verse which has hardly ever been transplanted from the soil of the peninsula4 4 4 4 ,mr4 ,mac,carthy's translations strike us as among the most successful experiments which have been made to represent in our language the characteristic beauties of the finest productions of other nations4 ,they are sufficiently faithful1 as may be readily seen by the ,spanish scholar1 as the translator has the courage to print the original and his version side by side4 ,the rich1 imaginative passages of ,calderon are reproduced in language of such grace and flexibility as shows in ,mr4 ,mac,carthy no inconsiderable amount of poetical power4 ,the measures of ,calderon are retained2 the rhymed passages are translated into rhyme1 and what is more noticeable still1 ,mr4 ,mac,carthy has done what no writer in ,english has ever before essayed1 except to a very limited extent--he has copied the asonantes of the original4 4 4 4 ,we take leave of ,mr4 ,mac,carthy with hearty acknowledgments for the pleasure we have had in reading his excellent translations1 which have given us a sense of ,calderon's various and brilliant genius such as we never before had1 and no analysis of his dramas1 however full and careful1 could bestow4 ,from a ,review of ,love the ,greatest ,enchantment1 etc41 in the ,new ,york ,tablet1 ,july #ai1 #ahfb1 written by the gifted and ill-fated ,hon4 ,thomas ,d',arcy ,m',gee1 of ,montreal4 ,this beautiful volume before us--like virtue's self1 fair within and without--is ,mr4 ,mac-,carthy's second contribution to the ,herculean task which ,longfellow cheers him on to continue--the translation into ,english of the complete works of ,calderon4 ,two experimental volumes1 containing six dramas of the same author1 appeared in #ahec1 winning the well-merited encomium of every person of true taste into whose hands they happened to fall4 ,the ,translator was encouraged1 if not by the general chorus of popular applause1 by the precious and emphatic approbation of those best entitled by knowledge and accomplishments to pronounce judgment4 ,so here1 after an interval of seven years1 we have right worthily presented to us three of those famous ,autos1 which for two centuries drew together all the multitude of the ,madrilenos1 on the annual return of the great feast of ,corpus ,christi4 ,on that same self-same festival1 in a northern land1 under a gray and clouded sky1 in the heart of a city most unlike gay1 garden-hued1 out-of-door ,madrid1 we have spent the long hours over these resurrected dramas1 and the spell of both the poets is still upon us1 as we unite together1 in dutiful juxtaposition1 the names of ,calderon and ,mac-,carthy4 ,how richly gifted was this ,spanish priest-poet6 this pious playwright6 this moral mechanist6 this devout dramatist6 ,how rare his experience6 how broad the contrasts of his career1 and of his observation4 4 4 4 4 ,happy poet6 blessed with such fecundity6 ,happy ,christian6 blessed with such fidelity to the divine teachings of the ,cross4 4 4 4 ,very highly do we reverence ,calderon1 and very highly value his translator2 yet1 if it be not presumptuous to say so1 we venture to suggest that ,mac-,carthy might find nearer home another work still worthier of his genius than these translations4 ,now that he has got the imperial ear by bringing his costly wares from afar1 are there not laurels to be gathered as well in ,ireland as in ,spain8 ,the author of ',the ,bell-,founder'1 of ',st4 ,brendan's ,voyage'1 of ',the ,foray of ,con ,o',donnell'1 and ',the ,pillar ,towers'1 needs no prompting to discern what abundant materials for a new department of ,english poetry are to be found almost unused on ,irish ground4 ,may we not hope that in that field or forest he may find his appointed work1 adding to the glory of first worthily introducing ,calderon to the ,english readers of this century1 the still higher glory of doing for the neglected history of his fatherland what he has chivalrously done for the illustrious ,spaniard4 ,a ,,list ,,of ,calderon's ,dramas and ,autos ,sacramentales1 ,translated into ,english ,verse ,,by ,,denis ,,florence ,,mac-,,carthy1 ,m4,r4,i4,a4 ,,the ,,purgatory ,,of ,,saint ,,patrick4 ,with the ',purgatory of ,st4 ,patrick' especial pains seem to have been taken4 ,considerable license has been taken with the prayer of ,st4 ,patrick2 but its spirit is well preserved1 and the translator's poetry must be admired4 ,if ,calderon can ever be made popular here1 it must be in the manner generally adopted by ,mr4 ,mac-,carthy in the specimens1 six in number1 which are here translated1 preserving1 namely1 the metrical form1 which is one of the characteristics of the old ,spanish drama4 ,this medium1 through which it partakes of the lyrical character1 is no accident of style1 but an essential property of that remarkable creation of a poetic age--remarkable1 because while the drama so adorned was entirely the offspring of popular impulse1 in opposition to many rigorous attempts in favour of classical methods1 it was at the same time raised above the tone of common expression by the rhythmical mode which it assumed1 in a manner decisive of its ideal tendency4 ,it thus displays a combination rare in this kind of poetry3 the spirit of an untutored will1 embodied in a form the romantic expression of which might seem only congenial to choice and delicate fancies4 4 4 4 4 ,in conclusion1 what has now been said of ,calderon1 and of the stage which he adorned1 as well as of the praise justly due to parts of ,mr4 ,mac-,carthy's version1 will at least serve to commend these volumes to curious lovers of poetry4 ,from an elaborate article in ,the ,athenaeum1 by the late eminent ,spanish scholar1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,r4 ,chorley1 on the first two volumes of ,mr4 ,mac-,carthy's translations from ,calderon4 ,,the ,,constant ,,prince4 ,a ,drama4 ,in his dramas of a serious and devout character1 in virtue of their dignified pathos1 tragic sublimity1 and religious fervour1 ,calderon's best title to praise will be found4 ,in such1 above all in his ,autos1 he reached a height beyond any of his predecessors1 whose productions1 on religious themes especially1 striking as many of them are1 with situations and motives of the deepest effect1 are not sustained at the same impressive elevation1 nor disposed with that consummate judgment which leaves nothing imperfect or superfluous in the dramas of ,calderon4 ',the ,constant ,prince' and ',the ,physician of his own ,honour'1 which ,mr4 ,mac-,carthy has translated1 are noble instances representing two extremes of a large class of dramas4 ,from the same article in ,the ,athenaeum1 by ,j4 ,r4 ,chorley4 ,,the ,,physician ,,of ,,his ,,own ,,honour4 ',the ,physician of his own ,honour' is a domestic tragedy1 and must be one of the most fearful to witness ever brought upon the stage4 ,the highest excess of dramatic powers1 terror and gloom has certainly been reached in this drama4 ,from an eloquent article in ,the ,dublin ,university ,magazine on ,d4 ,f4 ,mac-,carthy's ,calderon4 ,,the ,,secret ,,in ,,words4 ,a ,drama4 ,the ingenious verbal artifice of ',the ,secret in ,words'1 although a mere trifle if compared to the marvellous intricacy of a similar cipher in ,tirso's ',amar por ,arte ,mayor'1 from which ,calderon's play was taken--loses sadly in a translation2 yet the piece1 even with this disadvantage1 cannot fail to please4 ,j4 ,r4 ,chorley in ,the ,athenaeum4 ,,the ,,scarf ,,and ,,the ,,flower4 ,a ,drama4 ,the ',scarf and the ,flower'1 nice and courtly though it be1 the subject spun out and entangled with infinite skill1 is too thin by itself for an interest of three acts long2 and no translation1 perhaps1 could preserve the grace of manner and glittering flow of dialogue which conceal this defect in the original4 ,j4 ,r4 ,chorley in ,the ,athenaeum4 ,,love ,,after ,,death4 ,a ,drama4 ',love after ,death' is a drama full of excitement and beauty1 of passion and power1 of scenes whose enthusiastic affection1 self-devotion1 and undying love are drawn with more intense colouring than we find in any other of ,calderon's works4 ,from an article in ,the ,dublin ,university ,magazine on ,d4 ,f4 ,mac-,carthy's ,calderon4 ,another tragedy1 ',love after ,death'1 is connected with the hopeless rising of the ,moriscoes in the ,alpujarras 7#aefh-aegj71 one of whom is its hero4 ,it is for many reasons worthy of note2 amongst others1 as showing how far ,calderon could rise above national prejudices1 and expend all the treasures of his genius in glorifying the heroic devotedness of a noble foe4 ,archbishop ,trench4 ,,love ,,the ,,greatest ,,enchantment ,a ,drama4 ,this fact connects the piece with the first and most pleasing in the volume1 ',love the greatest ,enchantment'1 in which the same myth that of ,circe and ,ulysses is exhibited in a more life-like form1 though not without some touches of allegory4 ,here we have a classical plot which is adapted to the taste of ,spain in the seventeenth century by a plentiful admixture of episodes of love and gallantry4 ,the adventure is opened with nearly the same circumstances as in the tenth ,odyssey3 but from the moment that ,ulysses1 with the help of a divine talisman1 has frustrated all the spells 7beauty excepted7 of the enchantress1 the action is adapted to the manners of a more refined and chivalrous circle4 ,the ,saturday ,review in its review of ,mac-,carthy's ,three ,plays of ,calderon4 ,,the ,,devotion ,,of ,,the ,,cross4 ,a ,drama4 ,the last drama to which ,mr4 ,mac-,carthy introduces us is the famous ',devotion of the ,cross'4 ,we cannot deny the praise of great power to this strange and repulsive work1 in which ,calderon draws us onward by a deep and terrible dramatic interest1 while doing cruel violence to our moral nature4 4 4 4 ,our readers may be glad to compare the translations which ,archbishop ,trench and ,mr4 ,mac-,carthy have given us of a celebrated address to the ,cross contained in this drama4 ',tree whereon the pitying skies'1 etc4 ,mr4 ,mac-,carthy does not appear to us to suffer from comparison on this occasion with a true poet1 who is also a skilful translator4 ,indeed he has faced the difficulties and given the sense of the original with more decision than ,archbishop ,trench4 ,the ,guardian1 in its review of the same volume4 ,,the ,,sorceries ,,of ,,sin4 ,an ,auto4 ,the central piece1 the ',sorceries of ,sin'1 is an ',auto ,sacramental'1 or ,morality1 of which the actors represent ,man1 ,sin1 ,voluptuousness1 etc41 ,understanding1 and the ,five ,senses4 ,the ,senses are corrupted by the influence of ,sin1 and figuratively changed into wild beasts4 ,man1 accompanied by ,understanding and ,penance1 demands their liberation and encounters no resistance2 but his free-will is afterwards seduced by the ,evil ,power1 and his allies reclaim him with difficulty4 ,yet the plan of the apologue is embellished with many ingenious conceits and artifices1 and conformed in the leading circumstances with an ,homeric myth--the names of ,ulysses and ,circe being frequently substituted for those of the ,man and ,sin4 ,the ,saturday ,review on ,mac-,carthy's ,three ,plays of ,calderon4 ,,belshazzar',s ,,feast4 ,an ,auto4 ,the first auto translated is ',belshazzar's ,feast'1 a fortunate selection1 for it is probably unsurpassed in dramatic effect and poetic description1 and withal is much less encumbered with theology than most others4 ,from an article in ,the ,new ,york ,nation1 by a distinguished professor of ,cornell ,university1 on ,mac-,carthy's ,translations of ,calderon4 ,,the ,,divine ,,philothea4 ,an ,auto4 ',the ,divine ,philothea'1 probably the last work of the kind written by ,calderon1 and as such worthy of attention1 inasmuch as it is the composition of an old man of eighty-one1 is conceived with much boldness and executed with marvellous skill4 ,no fewer than twenty personages are represented on the stage1 and these have their several parts allotted to them with great discrimination1 ingenuity1 and judgment4 ,the ,senses1 the ,cardinal ,virtues2 ,paganism and ,judaism2 ,heresy and ,atheism2 the ,prince of ,light and the ,power of ,darkness1 figure amongst the characters4 ,the ,bookseller1 ,june #bi1 #ahfg1 on ,mac-,carthy's ,mysteries of ,corpus ,christi 7,autos ,sacramentales71 from the ,spanish of ,calderon4 ,,the ,,two ,,lovers ,,of ,,heaven4 ,a ,drama4 ,of these ',the ,wonder-working ,magician' is most celebrated2 but others1 as ',the ,joseph of ,women'1 ',the ,two ,lovers of ,heaven'1 quite deserve to be placed on a level if not higher than it4 ,a tender pathetic grace is shed over this last1 which gives it a peculiar charm4 ,archbishop ,trench4 ,calderon's ,autos ,sacramentales1 or ,mysteries of ,corpus ,christi4 ,duffy3 ,dublin and ,london1 #ahfg4 ,from ,the ,irish ,ecclesiastical ,record4 ,in conclusion1 we heartily commend to our readers this most interesting and valuable specimen of ,spanish thought and devotion1 wrought1 as it is1 into such pure and beautiful ,english4 4 4 4 4 ,when we remember the great literary advantages which ,spain once possessed in the intellect and faith of her literary giants1 we may well rejoice in the appearance among us of one of the greatest of that noble race in the person of ,calderon1 especially when introduced to us by a poet whose claim upon our consideration has been so emphatically made good by his own original productions as ,denis ,florence ,mac-,carthy4 ,,the ,,spanish ,,drama ,just ready1 double columns1 price #bs4 #f;d41 ,,the ,,two ,,lovers ,,of ,,heaven1 ,from the ,spanish of ,calderon1 ,,by ,,denis ,,florence ,,mac-,,carthy1 ,author of ,the ,voyage of ,st4 ,brendan1 ,the ,bell-,founder1 ,waiting for the ,may1 etc4 ,,dublin3 ,w4 ,b4 ,,kelly1 #h ,,grafton ,,street4 ,,by ,,the ,,same ,,author4 ,in one vol4 small #dto1 double columns1 with the ,spanish text1 beautifully printed by ,whittingham1 ,price #gs4 #f;d41 ,,three ,,dramas ,,of ,,calderon1 ,,from ,,the ,,spanish1 ,,by ,,denis ,,florence ,,mac-,,carthy4 ,from ,ticknor's ,history of ,spanish ,literature4 ,it is1 ,i think1 one of the boldest attempts ever made in ,english verse4 ,it is1 too1 as it seems to me1 remarkably successful 4 4 4 ,nothing1 ,i think1 in the ,english language will give us so true an impression of what is most characteristic of the ,spanish drama3 perhaps ,i ought to say1 of what is most characteristic of ,spanish poetry generally4--tom4 iii4 pp4 #dfa1 #dfb4 ,,bernard ,,quaritch1 #ae ,,piccadilly1 ,,london4 ,transcriber's ,notes4 ,general4 ,i have rendered instances of small capitals as all capitals4 ,in most instances ,i have made no attempt to indicate here instances of italics in the original publication4 ,accents and other diacritical marks have also been dropt4 ,however1 where the original has an acute accent over the e in a past participle for poetical reasons1 ,i have marked this with a grave accent 7as in learned7 to indicate the intended pronunciation4 ,for a fully formatted version1 with italics1 extended characters1 et cetera1 please refer to the ,,html version of this play1 released by ,project ,gutenberg simultaneously with this plain text edition4 ,general4 ,only the most obvious of printer's errors have been corrected in this electronic edition4 ,some inconsistent use of quotation marks and several forms of ellipses 7with varying numbers of dots and spaces7 have been retained as originally published4 ,i have also retained the original's format of contractions1 namely to include a space as in ,i 'll rather than ,i'll4 ,play1 ,general4 ,stage directions following lines of spoken text are typically right justified in the printed source4 ,in this electronic edition they simply follow the line of spoken text4 ,play1 ,general4 ,in a few places1 ,denis ,florence ,mac,carthy's 7#ahag-ahhb7 translation as published differs noticeably from a ,spanish 7or more properly1 ,castillano7 text of the drama1 published after this translation1 available to this transcriber4 ,i do not have access to the ,spanish edition that ,mr4 ,mac,carthy used as the basis of his translation1 so perhaps a better preserved version of ,pedro ,calderon de la ,barca's 7#afjj-afha7 drama was discovered4 ,or perhaps ,mr4 ,mac,carthy used some poetic license in editing the drama4 ,some differences may be due to printer's errors4 ,whatever the reason1 ,i have noted below these differences so that a reader comparing this e-book to a ,spanish edition will not be confused about these omission1 and think them caused by a transcription error of mine1 or pages missing from the printed source4 ,act #a1 ,scene #b4 ,ovid's ',remedy of ,love' is referred to three times1 but as ',remedies of ,love' on the third occasion4 ,a ,spanish text has ,remedio the first time1 and ,remedios elsewhere4 ,i have found references to the work as both ',remedium ,amoris' and ',remedia ,amoris4' ,act #a1 ,scene #b4 ,there is an apparent discrepancy in the play4 ,chloris is clearly present in the grove1 and in ,persons is listed as one of four priestesses of ,diana1 yet the lines ,we three share2--'t is thy delight and ,for here three objects we behold imply she is not part of the group of priestesses4 ,there is no stage direction such as3 7,chloris sits behind a tree4 in the printed source1 nor in a ,spanish text of the play1 to explain this4 ,perhaps 7as may be guessed from the line ,from their tender years go thither in the previous scene7 the character is an acolyte or novice priestess played by a child4 ,she only appears in this scene4 ,act #a1 ,scene #b4 ,my blessings on your choice and you6 _/ 4 4 4 ,are nothing to a pretty face4 ,a ,spanish text gives ,escarpin seventeen lines here1 rather than five4 ,the last dozen lines contain a story of a clever vixen and a comely partridge4 ,act #a1 ,scene #c4 ,the line ,yes1 ,god and ,man is ,christ is not indented in the printed source1 but logically should be1 and is in a ,spanish text of the play4 ,i have indented it above4 ,act #a1 ,scene #c4 ,the line ,why delay8 ,arrest them4 in the printed source is shown as two lines 7,why delay8 _/ ,arrest them471 but this seems to be a printer's error as it breaks the asonante verse pattern4 ,act #a1 ,scene #c4 ,in order to preserve the verse1 ,i have indented the line ,why1 why1 ,o heavens6 ,act #b1 ,scene #a4 ,i have indented the line ,what then8 ,act #b1 ,scene #a4 ,with the line ,clemency in fine had won1 there is another apparent discrepancy in the play4 ,polemius is angry at ,chrysanthus when the soldiers return in ,act #a1 ,scene #c4 ,act #b1 ,scene #c4 ,in the line ,here the jasmin doubly white1 the word jasmine is spelt without an e4 ,act #b1 ,scene #c4 ,in ,nisida's song1 in the line ,the blessed rapture of forgetting1 the printed source has blessed without an accent on the second e4 ,because this line is repeated twice more in the scene with the accent1 ,i have added it to this first instance in the text above4 ,act #b1 ,scene #c4 ,the printed source lists ,escarpin as the speaker of the lines ,my lord1 oh6 hearken _/ ,to my song once more4 ,a ,spanish text indicates that ,nisida speaks here1 as is only logical1 so ,i have listed ,nisida as speaker in the text above4 ,act #b1 ,scene #c4 ,there seems to be a gap in the dialog after ,not myself1 no aid is granted4 ,a ,spanish text has four additional lines here3 ,d4 ,luego tu tan de su parte _/ ,estas1 que a ellos los ensalzas8 _/ ,c4 ,si2 que he visto muchas cosas _/ ,hoy en mi favor obradas4 ,act #c1 ,scene #a4 ,in a ,spanish text1 after the line ,i could listen to such nonsense8 ,escarpin has five lines of monolog4 ,act #c1 ,scene #a4 ,in a ,spanish text the line ,whence did sound the voice8 is spoken by ,chrysanthus1 which would naturally agree with ,polemius' reply to ,chrysanthus immediately below4 ,also1 just before this line1 ,chrysanthus says3 ,sin mi me ha dejado a mi4 ,act #c1 ,scene #a4 ,in the line ,the two lover saints of ,heaven4 the phrase lover saints is not hyphenated1 although the same phrase is hyphenated just before the end of the play4 ,the ,spanish text has ,los dos amantes del cielo in both places4 ,act #c1 ,scene #a4 ,after the line ,the two lover saints of ,heaven4 there are forty lines of dialog between ,escarpin and ,polemius4 ,in typical ,escarpine style1 it contains a story4 ,here is a free translation3 ,a man is on trial for killing his father and loving his mother4 ,the judge berates the lawyer1 ,how dare you defend a man who has committed the worst possible crime4 ,the lawyer replies1 ,i disagree1 your ,honor1 for to kill his mother and love his father would1 indeed1 have been a worse crime4 ,act #c1 ,scene #b4 ,there is a break in the asonante verse at the line ,they the open country seek4 ,act #c1 ,scene #b4 ,in the line ,so part pagan and part christian1 near the end of the scene1 ,christian is not capitalized in the printed source4 ,note #c4 ,the scene actually ends on page #ag rather than #be in the source publication4 ,this page numbering problem also occurs in ,note #ab and probably corresponds to a draught version of the publication--a detail not caught in the final editing4 ,the last phrase of this note was actually printed3 the fu ll consonant rhyme4 ,as no letters seem to logically fit in the empty space between fu and ll1 ,i have replaced this with the word full in the text above4 ,note #ab4 ,this refers to ,note #e1 which is actually on page #ab in the source publication1 rather than page #ba4 ,note #ac4 ,the ,spanish text in the section of the drama noted is in five-lined stanzas4 ,however1 although ,mr4 ,mac,carthy's ,english generally follows that metre here1 he does break the format in a several places4