,illu/ration3 ,,au?ority4 ,,g5tle ,,measures ,,9 ,,! ,,managem5t ,,& ,,tra9+ ,,( ,,! ,,"y2 ,,or1 ,,! ,,pr9ciples ,,on ,,:i* ,a ,,firm ,,p>5tal ,,au?ority ,,may ,,be ,,e/abli%$ ,,& ,,ma9ta9$1 ,,)\t ,,viol5ce ,,or ,,ang]1 ,,& ,,! ,,"r ,,developm5t ,,( ,,! ,,moral ,,& ,,m5tal ,,capacities ,,be ,,promot$ ,,by ,,me?ods ,,9 ,,h>mony ,,) ,,! ,,/ructure ,,& ,,! ,,*>act]i/ics ,,( ,,! ,,juv5ile ,,m9d4 ,by ,,jacob ,,abbott1 ,,au?or ,,( ,,sci5ce ,,= ,,! ,,"y1 ,,h>p]',s ,,/ory ,,books1 ,,franconia ,,/ories1 ,,abbott',s ,,illu/rat$ ,,hi/ories1 ,,etc4 ,,num]\s ,,illu/rations4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahga1 ,9 ! ,(fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress1 at ,wa%+ton4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,?ree ,,modes ,,( ,,managem5t ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,:at ,,are ,,g5tle ,,measures8 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,!re ,,mu/ ,,be ,,au?ority ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,g5tle ,,puni%m5t ,,( ,,disob$i5ce ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,philosophy ,,( ,,puni%m5t ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,rew>d+ ,,ob$i5ce ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,tra9+ ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,me?ods ,,exemplifi$ ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,della ,,& ,,! ,,dolls ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,sympa?y3--,i4 ,,! ,,*ild ,,) ,,! ,,p>5t ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,sympa?y3--,,ii4 ,,! ,,p>5t ,,) ,,! ,,*ild ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,comm5dation ,,& ,,enc\ragem5t ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,faults ,,( ,,immaturity ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,activity ,,( ,,*ildr5 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,imag9ation ,,9 ,,*ildr5 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,tru? ,,& ,,falsehood ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,judgm5t ,,& ,,reason+ ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,wi%es ,,& ,,reque/s ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,*ildr5',s ,,que/ions ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,money ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,corporal ,,puni%m5t ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,gratitude ,,9 ,,*ildr5 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,religi\s ,,tra9+ ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,conclusion ,,illu/rations ,,au?ority ,,indulg5ce ,,x ,,is ,,n ,,safe ,,! ,,lesson ,,9 ,,ob$i5ce ,,r\ndab\t ,,in/ruction ,,afraid ,,( ,,! ,,c[ ,,! ,,int5tion ,,good ,,! ,,imag9ative ,,faculty ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,horse ,,"m1 ,,:at ,,makes ,,x ,,sn[8 ,,! ,,runaway ,,! ,,fir/ ,,in/9ct ,,g5tle ,,measures4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,modes ,,( ,,managem5t4 ,x is n impossible t 9 ! m9ds ( "s p]sons ! idea ( employ+ g5tle measures 9 ! managem5t & tra9+ ( *ildr5 may seem to imply ! ab&onm5t ( ! pr9ciple ( au?ority1 z ! basis ( ! p>5tal gov]nm5t1 & ! sub/itution ( "s weak & ineffici5t sy/em ( artifice & manoeuvr+ 9 its place4 ,to suppose t ! object ( ?is "w is to aid 9 effect+ su* a sub/itution z t1 is entirely to mi/ake its nature & design4 ,! only gov]nm5t ( ! p>5t ov] ! *ild t is wor?y ( ! "n is "o ( au?ority--complete1 absolute1 unque/ion$ au?ority4 ,! object ( ?is "w is1 accord+ly1 n to %[ h[ ! g5tle me?ods :i* w be br\ght to view c be employ$ z a sub/itute = su* au?ority1 b h[ !y c be made to aid 9 e/abli%+ & ma9ta9+ x4 ,?ree ,me?ods4 ,!re are ?ree diff]5t modes ( managem5t cu/om>ily employ$ by p>5ts z means ( induc+ _! *ildr5 to comply ) _! requirem5ts4 ,!y are1 #a4 ,gov]nm5t by ,manoeuvr+ & ,artifice4 #b4 ,by ,reason & ,affection4 #c4 ,by ,au?ority4 ,manoeuvr+ & ,artifice4 #a4 ,_m mo!rs manage _! *ildr5 by means ( tricks & contrivances1 m or less adroit1 design$ to avoid direct issues ) !m1 & to beguile !m1 z x 71 into compliance ) _! wi%es4 ,z1 = example1 :]e a "m1 recov]+ f sickness1 is go+ out to take ! air ) h] husb& = ! fir/ "t1 &--z %e is /ill feeble--wi%es = a v quiet drive1 & s concludes n to take little ,m>y ) h]1 z %e usually does on su* occasions2 b kn[+ t if ,m>y sees ! *aise at ! door1 & discov]s t h] fa!r & "m are go+ 9 x1 %e w be v eag] to g too1 %e adopts a sy/em ( manoeuvres to conceal h] design4 ,%e br+s d[n h] bonnet & %awl by /eal?1 & be=e ! *aise comes to ! door %e s5ds ,m>y out into ! g>d5 ) h] si/]1 "u pret5se ( %[+ h] a bird's ne/ :i* is n !re1 tru/+ to h] si/]'s skill 9 div]t+ ! *ild's m9d1 & amus+ h] ) some?+ else 9 ! g>d51 until ! *aise has gone4 ,& if1 ei!r f he>+ ! s\nd ( ! :eels1 or f any o!r cause1 ,m>y's suspicions are awak5$--& *ildr5 habitually manag$ on ^! pr9ciples soon le>n to be extremely di/ru/ful & suspici\s--& %e insi/s on go+ into ! h\se1 & ?us discov]s ! /ratagem1 !n1 p]haps1 h] "m tells h] t !y are only go+ to ! doctor's1 & t if ,m>y goes ) !m1 ! doctor w give h] "s dreadful m$ic9e1 & compel h] to take x1 ?9k+ ?us to det] h] f insi/+ on go+ ) !m to ride4 ,z ! *aise drives away1 ,m>y /&s bewild]$ & p]plex$ on ! door-/ep1 h] m9d 9 a tumult ( excitem5t1 9 :i* hatr$ ( ! doctor1 di/ru/ & suspicion ( h] "m1 disappo9tm5t1 vexation1 & ill humor1 surge & swell among ^? delicate organizations on :i* ! /ructure & developm5t ( ! s\l s closely dep5d--do+ p]haps an irrep>able injury4 ,! "m1 z soon z ! *aise is s f> turn$ t ,m>y c no long] wat* ! expression ( h] c\nt5ance1 goes away f ! door ) a smile ( complac5cy & satisfaction ^u h] face at ! +5uity & success ( h] little artifice4 ,9 respect to h] /atem5t t %e 0 go+ to ! doctor's1 x may1 or may n1 h be5 true4 ,mo/ likely n2 = mo!rs :o manage _! *ildr5 on ?is sy/em f9d ! l9e ( dem>kation betwe5 deceit & falsehood s vague & ill def9$ t !y soon fall into ! habit ( disreg>d+ x altoge!r1 & ( say+1 )\t hesitation1 any ?+ :i* w s]ve ! purpose 9 view4 ,gov]n+ by ,reason & ,affection4 #b4 ,! !ory ( _m mo!rs is t !y mu/ gov]n _! *ildr5 by ! influ5ce ( reason & affection4 ,_! me?od may be exemplifi$ by suppos+ t1 "u circum/ances simil> to ^? describ$ "u ! prec$+ head1 ! "m calls ,m>y to h] side1 &1 smoo?+ h] hair c>ess+ly ) h] h& :ile %e speaks1 says to h]1 ,m>y1 y\r fa!r & ,i are go+ out to ride ?is aft]noon1 & ,i am go+ to expla9 x all to y :y y c n g too4 ,y see1 ,i h be5 sick1 & am gett+ well1 & ,i am go+ out to ride1 s t ,i may get well fa/]4 ,y love mamma1 ,i am sure1 & wi% to h h] get well soon4 ,s y w be a good girl1 ,i "k1 & n make any tr\ble1 b w /ay at home cont5t$ly--won't y8 ,!n ,i %all love y1 & y\r papa w love y1 & aft] ,i get well we w take y to ride ) u "s day4 ,! "m1 9 manag+ ! case 9 ?is way1 relies p>tly on conv9c+ ! reason ( ! *ild1 & p>tly on an appeal to h] affection4 ,gov]n+ by ,au?ority4 #c4 ,by ! ?ird me?od ! "m secures ! compliance ( ! *ild by a direct ex]cise ( au?ority4 ,%e says to h]--! circum/ances ( ! case be+ /ill suppos$ to be ! same-- ,m>y1 y\r fa!r & ,i are go+ out to ride ?is aft]noon1 & ,i am sorry1 = y\r sake1 t we c n take y ) u4 ,:y c't y take me8 asks ,m>y4 ,i c n tell y :y1 n[1 replies ! "m1 b p]haps ,i w expla9 x to y aft] ,i come home4 ,i ?9k !re is a good reason1 &1 at any rate1 ,i h decid$ t y are n to g4 ,if y are a good girl1 & d n make any difficulty1 y c h y\r little *air out ^u ! front door-/ep1 & c see ! *aise come to ! door1 & see y\r fa!r & me get 9 & drive away2 & y c wave y\r h&k]*ief to u = a good-bye4 ,!n1 if %e obs]ves any expression ( discont5t or insubmission 9 ,m>y's c\nt5ance1 ! "m w\ld add1 ,if y %\ld n be a good girl1 b %\ld %[ signs ( mak+ u any tr\ble1 ,i %all h to s5d y out some:]e to ! back "p ( ! h\se until we are gone4 ,b ?is la/ supposition is almo/ always unnecess>y2 = if ,m>y has be5 habitually manag$ on ?is pr9ciple %e w n make any tr\ble4 ,%e w p]ceive at once t ! "q is settl$--settl$ irrevocably--& especially t x is entirely beyond ! p[] ( any demon/rations ( insubmission or rebellion t %e c make to *ange x4 ,%e w acquiesce at once4,a ,%e may be sorry t %e c n g1 b %e w make no resi/ance4 ,^? *ildr5 only attempt to c>ry _! po9ts by noisy & viol5t demon/rations :o f9d1 by exp]i5ce1 t su* measures are usually successful4 ,a *ild1 ev51 :o has become once accu/om$ to !m1 w soon drop !m if %e f9ds1 ow+ to a *ange 9 ! sy/em ( managem5t1 t !y n[ nev] succe$4 ,& a *ild :o nev]1 f ! beg9n+1 f9ds any effici5cy 9 !m1 nev] le>ns to employ !m at all4 ,conclusion4 ,( ! ?ree me?ods ( manag+ *ildr5 exemplifi$ 9 ?is *apt]1 ! la/ is ! only "o :i* c be foll[$ ei!r ) com=t to ! p>5t or safety to ! *ild2 & to %[ h[ ?is me?od c be br\ght effectually into op]ation by g5tle measures is ! object ( ?is book4 ,x is1 inde$1 true t ! importance ( tact & skill 9 ! tra9+ ( ! "y1 & ( cultivat+ _! reason1 & secur+ _! affection1 c n be ov]rat$4 ,b ! influ5ces secur$ by ^! means =m1 at ! be/1 b a s&y f\ndation = filial ob$i5ce to re/ ^u4 ,! *ild is n to be made to comply ) ! requirem5ts ( 8 p>5ts by be+ artfully inveigl$ into compliance1 nor is 8 ob$i5ce to re/ on 8 love = fa!r & "m1 & 8 unwill+ness to displease !m1 nor on 8 conviction ( ! rightfulness & reasonabl5ess ( _! comm&s1 b on simple submission to au?ority--t absolute & almo/ unlimit$ au?ority :i* all p>5ts are commission$ by ,god & nature to ex]cise ov] _! (fspr+ dur+ ! p]iod :ile ! (fspr+ rema9 dep5d5t ^u _! c>e4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,:at ,,are ,,g5tle ,,measures8 ,x be+ ?us di/9ctly und]/ood t ! g5tle measures 9 ! tra9+ ( *ildr5 h]e9 recomm5d$ are n to be resort$ to z a sub/itute = p>5tal au?ority1 b z ! easie/ & mo/ effectual means ( e/abli%+ & ma9ta9+ t au?ority 9 its mo/ absolute =m1 we h n[ to consid] :at ! nature ( ^! g5tle measures is1 & by :at *>act]i/ics !y are di/+ui%$1 9 _! action & influ5ce1 f su* z may be consid]$ m or less viol5t & h>%4 ,g5tle measures are ^? :i* t5d to ex]t a calm+1 quiet+1 & soo?+ influ5ce on ! m9d1 or to produce only su* excitem5ts z are pleasurable 9 _! "*1 z means ( repress+ wrong & enc\rag+ "r action4 ,ung5tle measures are ^? :i* t5d to inflame & irritate ! m9d1 or to agitate x ) pa9ful excitem5ts4 ,?ree ,degrees ( ,viol5ce4 ,!re seem to be ?ree grades or =ms ( viol5ce to :i* a "m may resort 9 controll+ h] *ildr51 or1 p]haps1 r ?ree classes ( measures :i* are m or less viol5t 9 _! effects4 ,to illu/rate ^! we w take an example4 ,case suppos$4 ,"o day ,l\isa1 f\r ye>s old1 ask$ h] "m = an apple4 ,h y _h any already8 ask$ h] "m4 ,only "o1 repli$ ,l\isa4 ,!n ,bridget may give y ano!r1 said ! "m4 ,:at ,l\isa said 0 n true4 ,%e _h already eat5 two apples4 ,bridget he>d ! falsehood1 b %e did n consid] x h] duty to betray ! *ild1 s %e said no?+4 ,! "m1 h[ev]1 aft]w>ds1 9 ! c\rse ( ! day1 accid5tally asc]ta9$ ! tru?4 ,n[1 z we h said1 !re are ?ree grades 9 ! k9d & "* ( ! measures :i* may be consid]$ viol5t t a "m may resort to 9 a case l ?is4 ,bodily ,puni%m5t4 #a4 ,fir/1 !re is ! infliction ( bodily pa94 ,! *ild may be :ipp$1 or ti$ to ! b$-po/1 & kept 9 a con/ra9$ & uncom=table position = a long "t1 or %ut up 9 solitude & d>kness1 or puni%$ by ! infliction ( bodily suff]+ 9 o!r ways4 ,& !re is no d\bt t !re is a t5d5cy 9 su* treatm5t to correct or cure ! fault4 ,b measures l ^!1 :e!r successful or n1 are c]ta9ly viol5t measures4 ,!y %ock ! :ole n]v\s sy/em1 sometimes ) ! excitem5t ( pa9 & t]ror1 & always1 probably1 ) t ( res5tm5t & ang]4 ,9 "s cases ?is excitem5t is extreme4 ,! excessively delicate organization ( ! bra91 ?r\gh :i* su* agitations rea* ! s5sorium1 & :i*1 9 *ildr5 ( an e>ly age1 is 9 its mo/ t5d] & s5sitive /ate ( developm5t1 is subject$ to a mo/ int5se & viol5t agitation4 ,evil ,effects ( ,viol5ce 9 ?is ,=m4 ,! evil effects ( ?is excessive c]ebral action may p]haps entirely pass away 9 a few h\rs1 & leave no trace ( injury beh9d2 b !n1 on ! o!r h&1 !re is c]ta9ly reason to fe> t su* commotions1 especially if (t5 repeat$1 t5d to imp$e ! regul> & heal?ful developm5t ( ! organs1 & t !y may become ! orig9 ( d]angem5ts1 or ( actual disorganizations1 result+ v s]i\sly 9 future ye>s4 ,x is impossible1 p]haps1 to "k ) c]ta9ty :e!r p]man5t ill effects foll[ 9 su* cases or n4 ,at any rate1 su* a rem$y is a viol5t "o4 ,! ,fright5+ ,sy/em4 #b4 ,!re is a second grade ( viol5ce 9 ! treatm5t ( su* a case1 :i* consi/s 9 excit+ pa9 or t]ror1 or o!r pa9ful or disagreeable emotions1 ?r\gh ! imag9ation1 by pres5t+ to ! fancy ( ! *ild images ( phantoms1 hobgobl9s1 & o!r frightful mon/]s1 ^: ire1 x is pret5d$1 is greatly excit$ by ! misde$s ( *ildr51 & :o come 9 ! night-"t to take !m away1 or o!rwise visit !m ) t]rible retribution4 ,dome/ic s]vants are v prone to adopt ?is mode ( discipl9e4 ,be+ =bidd5 to resort to p]sonal viol5ce z a means ( excit+ pa9 & t]ror1 !y attempt to accompli% ! same end by o!r means1 :i*1 h[ev]1 9 _m respects1 are /ill m injuri\s 9 _! action4 ,managem5t ( ,nurses & ,s]vants4 ,nurses & att5dants ^u *ildr5 f c]ta9 nationalities 9 ,europe are peculi>ly dispos$ to employ ?is me?od ( gov]n+ *ildr5 plac$ "u _! c>e4 ,"o reason is t !y are accu/om$ to ?is mode ( managem5t at home2 & ano!r is t _m ( !m are br\ght up "u an idea1 :i* prevails ext5sively 9 "s ( ^? c\ntries1 t x is "r to tell falsehoods :]e ! hone/ object is to accompli% a *>itable or useful end4 ,accord+ly1 inasmu* z ! re/ra9+ ( ! *ildr5 f wrong is a good & useful object1 !y c decl>e ! exi/5ce ( giants & hobgobl9s1 to c>ry away & dev\r bad girls & boys1 ) an air ( positiv5ess & seem+ hone/y1 & ) a calm & p]si/5t assurance1 :i* aids !m v mu* 9 produc+ on ! m9ds ( ! *ildr5 a conviction ( ! tru? ( :at !y say2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 ^? :o1 9 !ory at lea/1 occupy ! position t ! direct falsify+ ( "o's ^w is nev] ju/ifiable1 act at a disadvantage 9 attempt+ ?is me?od4 ,= al?\gh1 9 practice1 !y are (t5 incl9$ to make an exception to _! pr9ciples 9 reg>d to tru? 9 ! case ( :at is said to "y *ildr51 !y c n1 aft] all1 tell *ildr5 :at !y "k to be n true ) t bold & confid5t air necess>y to c>ry full conviction to ! *ildr5's m9ds4 ,!y are emb>rass$ by a k9d ( half guilty feel+1 :i*1 p>tially at lea/1 betrays !m1 & ! *ildr5 d n really & fully believe :at !y say4 ,!y c n suppose t _! "m w\ld really tell !m :at %e knew 0 false1 & yet !y c n help p]ceiv+ t %e does n speak & look z if :at %e 0 say+ 0 actually true4 ,monsieur & ,madame ,croquemita9e4 ,9 all c\ntries !re are _m1 among ev5 ! mo/ ref9$ & highly cultivat$ classes1 :o are n at all emb>rass$ by any moral delicacy ( ?is k9d4 ,?is is especially ! case 9 ^? c\ntries 9 ,europe1 p>ticul>ly on ! ,cont95t1 :]e ! idea above ref]r$ to1 ( ! all[abl5ess ( falsehood 9 c]ta9 cases z a means = ! atta9m5t ( a good end1 is g5]ally ent]ta9$4 ,! ,fr5* h two t]rible bugbe>s1 "u ! names ( ,monsieur & ,madame ,croquemita9e1 :o are z famili> to ! imag9ations ( ,fr5* *ildr5 z ,santa ,claus is1 9 a mu* m agreeable way1 to ! juv5ile fancy at our firesides4 ,monsieur & ,madame ,croquemita9e are frightful mon/]s1 :o come d[n ! *imney1 or ?r\gh ! ro(1 at night1 & c>ry (f bad *ildr54 ,!y le>n f _! little f+]s--:i* :isp] 9 _! e>s :5 !y hold !m ne>--:o ! bad *ildr5 are1 :]e !y live1 & :at !y h done4 ,! in/9ctive fai? ( "y *ildr5 9 _! "m's tru?fulness is s /rong t no absurdity seems gross en\gh to ov]come x4 ,! ,black ,man & ! ,policeman4 ,!re are _m mo!rs among u :o--?\gh n q prep>$ to call 9 ! aid ( gho/s1 giants1 & hobgobl9s1 or ( ,monsieur & ,madame ,croquemita9e1 9 manag+ _! *ildr5--/ill1 sometimes1 try to eke out _! fail+ au?ority by ?reat5+ !m ) ! black man1 or ! policeman1 or "s o!r less1 sup]natural t]ror4 ,!y seem to imag9e t inasmu* z1 :ile !re is no su* ?+ 9 exi/5ce z a hobgobl91 !re really are policem5 & prisons1 !y only half tell an untru? by say+ to ! recalcitrant little "o t a policeman is com+ to c>ry him (f to jail4 ,injuri\s ,effects4 ,al?\gh1 by ^! v>i\s modes ( excit+ imag9>y fe>s1 !re is no direct & outw>d infliction ( bodily suff]+1 ! effect produc$ on ! delicate organization ( ! bra9 by su* excitem5ts is viol5t 9 ! extreme4 ,! p>oxysms ( agitation & t]ror :i* !y sometimes excite1 & :i* are (t5 spontane\sly r5ew$ by d>kness & solitude1 & by o!r excit+ causes1 are ( ! nature ( tempor>y insanity4 ,inde$1 ! extreme n]v\s excitability :i* !y produce sometimes becomes a real insanity1 :i*1 ?\gh x may1 9 _m cases1 be f9ally outgr[n1 may probably 9 _m o!rs lead to la/+ & mo/ deplorable results4 ,h>% ,repro(s & ,?reat5+s4 #c4 ,!re is a ?ird mode ( treatm5t1 m common1 p]haps1 among u ?an ei!r ( ! prec$+1 :i*1 ?\gh mu* mild] 9 its "* ?an !y1 we /ill class among ! viol5t measures1 on acc\nt ( its op]ation & effects4 ,x consi/s ( /]n & h>% rebukes1 d5unciations ( ! he9\sness ( ! s9 ( falsehood1 ) solemn premonitions ( ! awful consequ5ces ( x1 9 ?is life & 9 t to come1 int5d$ to awak5 feel+s ( al>m & di/ress 9 ! m9d ( ! *ild1 z a means ( promot+ rep5tance & re=mation4 ,^! are n viol5t measures1 x is true1 s f> z outw>d physical action is conc]n$2 b ! effects :i* !y produce are sometimes ( q a viol5t nature1 9 _! op]ation on ! delicate n]v\s & m5tal susceptibilities :i* are excit$ & agitat$ by !m4 ,if ! "m is successful 9 mak+ ! impression :i* su* a mode ( treatm5t is design$ to produce1 ! *ild1 especially if a girl1 is agitat$ & di/ress$4 ,h] n]v\s sy/em is greatly di/urb$4 ,if calm$ = a "t1 ! p>oxysm is v liable to return4 ,%e wakes 9 ! night1 p]haps1 ) an indef9able feel+ ( anxiety & t]ror1 & comes to h] "m's b$side1 to seek1 9 h] pres5ce1 & 9 ! s5se ( protection :i* x af=ds1 a relief f h] di/ress4 ,! consci5ti\s "m1 supremely anxi\s to secure ! be/ int]e/s ( h] *ild1 may say t1 aft] all1 x is bett] t %e %\ld endure ?is tempor>y suff]+ ?an n be sav$ f ! s94 ,?is is true4 ,b if %e c be sav$ j z effectually )\t x1 x is bett] /ill4 ,! ,g5tle ,me?od ( ,treatm5t4 #d4 ,we n[ come to ! g5tle measures :i* may be adopt$ 9 a case ( discipl9e l ?is4 ,!y are endlessly v>i$ 9 =m1 b1 to illu/rate ! nature & op]ation ( !m1 & ! _s & temp] ( m9d ) :i* !y %\ld be en=c$1 ) a view ( communicat+2 to ! m9d ( ! read] "s g5]al idea ( ! *>act]i/ics ( t g5tl5ess ( treatm5t :i* x is ! object ( ?is "w to comm5d1 we w describe an actual case1 sub/antially z x really occurr$1 :]e a *ild1 :om we w /ill call ,l\isa1 told h] "m a falsehood ab\t ! apple1 z already relat$4 ,*oos+ ! ,"r ,"t4 ,h] "m--?\gh ,l\isa's mann]1 at ! "t ( giv+ h] answ]1 l$ h] to feel some:at suspici\s--did n express h] suspicions1 b gave h] ! additional apple4 ,nor did %e aft]w>ds1 :5 %e asc]ta9$ ! facts1 say any ?+ on ! subject4 ,! day pass$ away z if no?+ unusual _h occurr$4 ,:5 b$-"t came %e undress$ ! *ild & laid h] 9 h] b$1 play+ ) h]1 & talk+ ) h] 9 an amus+ mann] all ! "t1 s z to br+ h] into a cont5t$ & happy frame ( m9d1 & to e/abli% z close a connection z possible ( affection & sympa?y betwe5 !m4 ,!n1 f9ally1 :5 ! *ild's pray] _h be5 said1 & %e 0 ab\t to be left = ! night1 h] "m1 sitt+ 9 a *air at ! head ( h] little b$1 & putt+ h] h& lov+ly ^u h]1 said3 ,! ,/ory4 ,b fir/ ,i mu/ tell y "o m little /ory4 ,once !re 0 a boy1 & 8 "n 0 ,erne/4 ,he 0 a pretty l>ge boy1 = he 0 five ye>s old4 ,l\isa1 x mu/ be recollect$1 0 only f\r4 ,he 0 a v pretty boy4 ,he _h bright blue eyes & curl+ hair4 ,he 0 a v good boy1 too4 ,he did n l to d any ?+ wrong4 ,he always f\nd t x made him feel uncom=table & unhappy aft]w>ds :5 he did any ?+ wrong4 ,a good _m *ildr51 especially good *ildr51 f9d t x makes !m feel uncom=table & unhappy :5 !y d wrong4 ,p]haps y d4 ,yes1 mamma1 ,i d1 said ,l\isa4 ,i am glad ( t1 repli$ h] "m2 t is a good sign4 ,erne/ w5t "o day1 add$ ! "m1 cont9u+ h] /ory1 ) 8 little c\s9 ,anna to _! uncle's1 9 hopes t he w\ld give !m "s apples4 ,_! uncle _h a beautiful g>d51 & 9 x !re 0 an apple-tree :i* bore mo/ excell5t apples4 ,!y 7 l>ge1 & rosy1 & mell[1 & sweet4 ,! *ildr5 lik$ ! apples f t tree v mu*1 & ,erne/ & ,anna w5t t day 9 hopes t _! uncle w\ld give !m "s ( !m4 ,he said he w\ld4 ,he w\ld give !m ?ree apiece4 ,he told !m to g into ! g>d5 & wait !re until he came4 ,!y mu/ n take any apples (f ! tree1 he said1 b if !y f\nd any "u ! tree !y might take !m1 provid$ t !re 7 n m ?an ?ree apiece2 & :5 he came he w\ld take en\gh (f ! tree1 he said1 to make up ! numb] to ?ree4 ,s ! *ildr5 w5t into ! g>d5 & look$ "u ! tree4 ,!y f\nd two apples !re1 & !y took !m up & ate !m--"o apiece4 ,!n !y sat d[n & began to wait = _! uncle to come4 ,:ile !y 7 wait+ ,anna propos$ t !y %\ld n tell _! uncle t !y _h f\nd ! two apples1 & s he w\ld give !m ?ree m1 :i* he w\ld take f ! tree2 :]eas1 if he knew t !y _h already _h "o apiece1 !n he w\ld only give !m two m4 ,erne/ said t 8 uncle w\ld ask !m ab\t x4 ,anna said1 ',no matt]1 we c tell him t we did n f9d any4' ,erne/ seem$ to be ?9k+ ab\t x = a mom5t1 & !n1 %ak+ 8 head1 said1 ',no1 ,i ?9k we _h bett] n tell him a lie6' ,s :5 he saw _! uncle com+ he said1 ',come1 ,anna1 let u g & tell him ab\t x1 j h[ x 04 ,s !y ran toge!r to meet _! uncle1 & told him t !y _h f\nd two apples "u ! tree1 "o apiece1 & _h eat5 !m4 ,!n he gave !m two m apiece1 accord+ to 8 promise1 & !y w5t home feel+ cont5t$ & happy4 ,!y might h _h "o m apple apiece1 probably1 by comb9+ toge!r to tell a falsehood2 b 9 t case !y w\ld h gone home feel+ guilty & unhappy4 ,! ,effect4 ,l\isa's "m paus$ a mom5t1 aft] f9i%+ h] /ory1 to give ,l\isa "t to ?9k ab\t x a little4 ,i ?9k1 %e add$ at l5g?1 aft] a suitable pause1 t x 0 a great deal bett] = !m to tell ! tru?1 z !y did4 ,i ?9k s too1 mamma1 said ,l\isa1 at ! same "t ca/+ d[n h] eyes & look+ a little confus$4 ,b y "k1 add$ h] "m1 speak+ 9 a v k9d & g5tle tone1 t y did n tell me ! tru? to-day ab\t ! apple t ,bridget gave y4 ,l\isa paus$ a mom5t1 look$ 9 h] "m's face1 & !n1 rea*+ up to put h] arms ar\nd h] "m's neck1 %e said1 ,mamma1 ,i am det]m9$ nev] to tell y ano!r wrong /ory z long z ,i live4 ,only a ,s+le ,lesson1 aft] all4 ,n[ x is n at all probable t if ! case _h end$ "h1 ,l\isa w\ld h kept h] promise4 ,?is 0 "o good lesson1 x is true1 b x 0 only "o4 ,& ! lesson 0 giv5 by a me?od s g5tle1 t no n]v\s1 c]ebral1 or m5tal function 0 9 any degree irritat$ or morbidly excit$ by x4 ,moreov]1 no "o :o kn[s any ?+ ( ! work+s ( ! infantile m9d c d\bt t ! impulse 9 ! "r direction giv5 by ?is conv]sation 0 n only bett] 9 "*1 b 0 great] 9 am\nt1 ?an c\ld h be5 effect$ by ei!r ( ! o!r me?ods ( managem5t previ\sly describ$4 ,h[ ,g5tle ,measures op]ate4 ,by ! g5tle measures1 !n1 :i* are to be "h discuss$ & recomm5d$1 are meant su* z d n react 9 a viol5t & irritat+ mann]1 9 any way1 ^u ! extremely delicate1 & almo/ embryonic condition ( ! c]ebral & n]v\s organization1 9 :i* ! gradual developm5t ( ! m5tal & moral faculties are s intimately involv$4 ,!y d n imply any1 ! lea/1 relaxation ( ! =ce ( p>5tal au?ority1 or any l[]+ :atev] ( ! /&>ds ( moral obligation1 b are1 on ! contr>y1 ! mo/ effectual1 ! sure/ & ! safe/ way ( e/abli%+ ! "o & ( en=c+ ! o!r4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,!re ,,mu/ ,,be ,,au?ority4 ,! fir/ duty :i* devolves ^u ! "m 9 ! tra9+ ( h] *ild is ! e/abli%m5t ( h] au?ority ov] him--t is1 ! =m+ 9 him ! habit ( imm$iate1 implicit1 & unque/ion+ ob$i5ce to all h] comm&s4 ,& ! fir/ /ep to be tak51 or1 r1 p]haps ! fir/ ess5tial condition requir$ = ! p]=mance ( ?is duty1 is ! fix+ ( ! conviction 9 h] own m9d t x is a duty4 ,un=tunately1 h[ev]1 !re are n only va/ numb]s ( mo!rs :o d n 9 any degree p]=m ?is duty1 b a l>ge proportion ( !m h n ev5 a !oretical idea ( ! obligation ( x4 ,an ,objection4 ,i wi% my *ild to be gov]n$ by reason & reflection1 says "o4 ,i wi% him to see ! necessity & propriety ( :at ,i require ( him1 s t he may r5d] a ready & will+ compliance ) my wi%es1 in/ead ( be+ oblig$ bl9dly to submit to arbitr>y & despotic p[]4 ,%e =gets t ! faculties ( reason & reflection1 & ! p[] ( appreciat+ ! necessity & propriety ( ?+s1 & ( br++ consid]ations ( future1 remote1 & p]haps cont+5t good & evil to re/ra9 & subdue ! impetu\sness ( appetites & passions eag] = pres5t pleasure1 are qualities t appe> late1 & are v sl[ly develop$1 9 ! infantile m9d2 t no real reliance :atev] c be plac$ ^u !m 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( life2 & t1 moreov]1 "o ( ! *ief & expressly int5d$ objects ( ! e/abli%m5t ( ! p>5tal relation is to provide1 9 ! mature reason & reflection ( ! fa!r & "m1 ! means ( guidance :i* ! embryo reason & reflection ( ! *ild c\ld n af=d dur+ ! p]iod ( 8 immaturity4 ,! two great ,elem5ts ( ,p>5tal ,obligation4 ,inde$1 ! *ief end & aim ( ! p>5tal relation1 z design$ by ! ,au?or ( nature1 may be consid]$ z compris$1 x w\ld seem1 9 ^! two objects1 namely3 fir/1 ! support ( ! *ild by ! /r5g? ( 8 p>5ts dur+ ! p]iod necess>y = ! developm5t ( 8 /r5g?1 &1 secondly1 8 guidance & direction by _! reason dur+ ! developm5t ( 8 reason4 ,! second ( ^! obligations is no less imp]i\s ?an ! fir/4 ,to expect him to provide ! means ( 8 support f ! res\rces ( 8 own embryo /r5g?1 w\ld imply no great] misappreh5sion on ! "p ( 8 fa!r & "m ?an to look = ! ex]cise ( any really controll+ influ5ce ov] 8 conduct by 8 embryo reason4 ,! expectation 9 ! two cases w\ld be equally va94 ,! only diff]5ce w\ld be t1 9 ! failure :i* w\ld inevitably result f ! trial1 x w\ld be 9 ! "o case ! body t w\ld suff]1 & 9 ! o!r ! s\l4 ,! ,judgm5t m sl[ly develop$ ?an ! ,/r5g?4 ,inde$1 ! necessity t ! conduct ( ! *ild %\ld be controll$ by ! reason ( ! p>5ts is 9 "o po9t ( view great]1 or at lea/ m protract$1 ?an t 8 wants %\ld be suppli$ by _! p[]2 = ! developm5t ( ! ?9k+ & reason+ p[]s is late & sl[ 9 comp>ison ) ! advancem5t t[>d maturity ( ! physical p[]s4 ,x is consid]$ t a boy atta9s1 9 ?is c\ntry1 to a suffici5t degree ( /r5g? at ! age ( f sev5 to t5 ye>s to e>n 8 liv+2 b 8 reason is n suffici5tly mature to make x safe to intru/ him ) ! c>e ( himself & ( 8 affairs1 9 ! judgm5t ( ! law1 till he is ( m ?an twice t age4 ,! p>5ts c actually ?us soon] look to ! /r5g? ( ! *ild = 8 support ?an !y c to 8 reason = 8 guidance4 ,:at ,p>5ts h to d 9 ,respect to ! ,reason+ ,p[]s ( ,*ildr54 ,to aid 9 ! developm5t & cultivation ( ! ?9k+ & reason+ p[]s is d\btless a v important "p ( a p>5t's duty4 ,b to cultivate ^! faculties is "o ?+1 :ile to make any control :i* may be procur$ = !m ov] ! m9d ( ! *ild ! basis ( gov]nm5t1 is ano!r4 ,to expla9 ! reasons ( our comm&s is excell5t1 if x is done 9 ! "r "t & mann]4 ,! wrong "t is :5 ! "q ( ob$i5ce is p5d+1 & ! wrong mann] is :5 !y are (f]$ z inducem5ts to obey4 ,we may (f] reasons = recomm5dations1 :5 we leave ! *ild to judge ( _! =ce1 & to act accord+ to our recomm5dations or n1 z 8 judgm5t %all dictate4 ,b reasons %\ld nev] be giv5 z inducem5ts to obey a comm&4 ,! m completely ! ob$i5ce to a comm& re/s on ! pr9ciple ( simple submission to au?ority1 ! easi] & bett] x w be bo? = p>5t & *ild4 ,mann] ( ex]cis+ ,au?ority4 ,let no read] fall into ! error ( suppos+ t ! "m's mak+ h] au?ority ! basis ( h] gov]nm5t r5d]s x necess>y = h] to assume a /]n & sev]e aspect t[>ds h] *ildr51 9 h] int]c\rse ) !m2 or to issue h] comm&s 9 a h>%1 abrupt1 & imp]i\s mann]2 or always to refra9 f expla9+1 at ! "t1 ! reasons = a comm& or a prohibition4 ,! m g5tle ! mann]1 & ! m k9d & c\rte\s ! tones 9 :i* ! "m's wi%es are express$1 ! bett]1 provid$ only t ! wi%es1 h[ev] express$1 are really ! m&ates ( an au?ority :i* is to be yield$ to at once )\t "q or delay4 ,%e may say1 ,m>y1 w y please to leave y\r doll & take ?is lett] = me into ! libr>y to y\r fa!r8 or1 ,johnny1 9 five m9utes x w be "t = y to put y\r blocks away to g to b$2 ,i w tell y :5 ! "t is out2 or1 ,james1 look at ! clock--to call 8 att5tion to ! fact t ! "t is arriv$ = him to g to s*ool4 ,no matt]1 9 a ^w1 "u h[ mild & g5tle a =m ! "m's comm&s are giv51 provid$ only t ! *ildr5 are tra9$ to und]/& t !y are at once to be obey$4 ,a second ,objection4 ,ano!r l>ge class ( mo!rs are det]r$ f mak+ any effici5t ef=t to e/abli% _! au?ority ov] _! *ildr5 = fe> ( !reby ali5at+ _! affections4 ,i wi% my *ild to love me1 says a "m ( ?is class4 ,t is ! supreme & nev]-ceas+ wi% ( my he>t2 & if ,i am cont9ually ?w>t+ & con/ra9+ h] by my au?ority1 %e w soon le>n to consid] me an ob/acle to h] happ9ess1 & ,i %all become an object ( h] av]sion & dislike4 ,!re is "s tru?1 no d\bt1 9 ?is /atem5t ?us express$1 b x is n applicable to ! case1 = ! reason t !re is no ne$ :atev] = a "m's cont9ually ?w>t+ & con/ra9+ h] *ildr5 9 h] ef=ts to e/abli% h] au?ority ov] !m4 ,! love :i* !y w feel = h] w dep5d 9 a great measure ^u ! degree 9 :i* %e sympa?izes & takes "p ) !m 9 _! occupations1 _! enjoym5ts1 _! disappo9tm5ts1 & _! sorr[s1 & 9 :i* %e indulges _! *ild-l desires4 ,! love1 h[ev]1 awak5$ by ^! means w be n weak5$ nor endang]$1 b imm5sely /r5g!n$ & confirm$1 by ! ex]cise on h] "p ( a j & equable1 b firm & absolute1 au?ority4 ,?is mu/ always be true s long z a feel+ ( respect = ! object ( affection t5ds to /r5g!n1 & n to weak51 ! s5tim5t ( love4 ,! "m :o does n gov]n h] *ildr5 is br++ !m up n to love h]1 b to despise h]4 ,effect ( ,au?ority4 ,if1 besides be+ _! playmate1 _! companion1 & fri5d1 indulg5t 9 respect to all _! h>mless fancies1 & pati5t & =be>+ ) _! *ildi% faults & fooli%ness1 %e also ex]cises 9 cases requir+ x an au?ority ov] !m :i*1 ?\gh j & g5tle1 is yet absolute & supreme1 %e rises to a v exalt$ position 9 _! view4 ,_! affection = h] has infus$ into x an elem5t :i* greatly aggr&izes & ennobles x--an elem5t some:at analog\s to t s5tim5t ( l(ty devotion :i* a loyal subject feels = 8 que54 ,effect ( ! ,want ( ,au?ority4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if %e is inconsid]ate en\gh to attempt to w9 a place 9 h] *ildr5's he>ts by ! sacrifice ( h] mat]nal au?ority1 %e w nev] succe$ 9 secur+ a place !re t is wor? possess+4 ,! *ildr5 w all1 girls & boys alike1 see & und]/& h] weakness1 & !y w soon le>n to look d[n ^u h]1 in/ead ( look+ up to h]1 z !y ought4 ,z !y gr[ old] !y w all become m & m unmanageable4 ,! insubord9ation ( ! girls mu/ g5]ally be endur$1 b t ( ! boys w 9 "t gr[ to be intol]able1 & x w become necess>y to s5d !m away to s*ool1 or to adopt "s o!r plan = ridd+ ! h\se ( _! turbul5ce1 & reliev+ ! poor "m's he>t ( ! insupportable burd5 %e has to be> 9 f9d+ h]self contemn$ & trampl$ ^u by h] own *ildr54 ,9 ! e>li] ye>s ( life ! feel+ ent]ta9$ = _! "m 9 su* a case by ! *ildr5 is simply t ( contempt2 = ! s5tim5t ( gratitude :i* w modify x 9 "t is v late to be develop$1 & has n yet begun to act4 ,9 lat] ye>s1 h[ev]1 :5 ! boys h become "y m51 ?is s5tim5t ( gratitude beg9s to come 91 b x only *anges ! contempt into pity4 ,& :5 ye>s h pass$ away1 & ! "m is p]haps 9 h] grave1 h] sons ?9k ( h] ) a m+l$ feel+ excit$ by ! conjo9$ remembrance ( h] helpless imbecility & ( h] true mat]nal love1 & say to ea* o!r1 ) a smile1 ,poor de> "m6 :at a "t %e _h ( x try+ to gov]n u boys6 ,if a "m is will+ to h h] *ildr5 ?us reg>d h] ) contempt pure & simple :ile !y are *ildr51 & ) contempt trans=m$ into pity by ! infusion ( a t>dy s5tim5t ( gratitude1 :5 !y are gr[n1 %e may try ! plan ( endeavor+ to secure _! love by indulg+ !m )\t gov]n+ !m4 ,b if %e sets h] he>t on be+ ! object ?r\gh life ( _! respectful love1 %e may indulge !m z mu* z %e pleases2 b %e mu/ gov]n !m4 ,indulg5ce4 ,a great deal is said sometimes ab\t ! evils ( indulg5ce 9 ! managem5t ( *ildr52 & s f> z ! condemnation ref]s only to indulg5ce 9 :at is injuri\s or evil1 x is d\btless v j4 ,b ! h>m is n 9 ! indulg5ce itself--t is1 9 ! act ( af=d+ gratification to ! *ild--b 9 ! injuri\s or dang]\s nature ( ! ?+s indulg$ 94 ,x seems to me t *ildr5 are n g5]ally indulg$ en\gh4 ,!y are ?w>t$ & re/ra9$ 9 respect to ! gratification ( _! h>mless wi%es a great deal too mu*4 ,inde$1 z a g5]al rule1 ! m t *ildr5 are gratifi$ 9 respect to _! *ildi% fancies & impulses1 & ev5 _! caprices1 :5 no evil or dang] is to be appreh5d$1 ! bett]4 ,:51 !re=e1 a *ild asks1 ,may ,i d ?is8 or1 ,may ,i d t8 ! "q = ! "m to consid] is n :e!r ! ?+ propos$ is a wise or a fooli% ?+ to d--t is1 :e!r x w\ld be wise or fooli% = h]1 if %e1 ) h] ideas & feel+s1 7 9 ! place ( ! *ild--b only :e!r !re is any h>m or dang] 9 x2 & if n1 %e %\ld give h] ready & cordial cons5t4 ,antagonism betwe5 ,free ,indulg5ce & ,absolute ,control4 ,!re is no necess>y antagonism1 nor ev5 any inconsi/5cy1 betwe5 ! free/ indulg5ce ( *ildr5 & ! ma9t5ance ( ! mo/ absolute au?ority ov] !m4 ,inde$1 ! au?ority c be mo/ easily e/abli%$ 9 connection ) great lib]ality ( indulg5ce4 ,at any rate1 x w be v evid5t1 on reflection1 t ! two pr9ciples d n /& at all 9 opposition to ea* o!r1 z is (t5 vaguely suppos$4 ,*ildr5 may be greatly indulg$1 & yet p]fectly gov]n$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y may be cont9ually *eck$ & ?w>t$1 & _! lives made mis]able by a cont9u$ succession ( vexations1 re/rictions1 & refusals1 & yet n be gov]n$ at all4 ,an example w1 h[ev]1 be/ illu/rate ?is4 ,mode ( ,managem5t ) ,l\isa4 ,a "m1 go+ to ! village by a pa? across ! fields1 propos$ to h] little daught] ,l\isa to g ) h] = a walk4 ,l\isa ask$ if %e might invite h] ,c\s9 ,m>y to g too4 ,yes1 said h] "m2 ,i ?9k %e is n at home2 b y c g & see1 if y l4 ,l\isa w5t to see1 & return$ 9 a few m9utes1 say+ t ,m>y 0 n at home4 ,nev] m9d1 repli$ h] "m2 x 0 polite 9 y to wi% to invite h]4 ,!y set out ^u ! walk4 ,l\isa runs hi!r & ?i!r ov] ! grass1 return+ cont9ually to h] "m to br+ h] fl[]s & curiosities4 ,h] "m looks at !m all1 seems to approve (1 & to sympa?ize 91 ,l\isa's wond] & delight1 & ev5 po9ts out new *>ms 9 ! objects :i* %e br+s to h]1 t ,l\isa _h n obs]v$4 ,at l5g? ,l\isa spi$ a butt]fly4 ,"m1 said %e1 "h's a butt]fly4 ,may ,i run & cat* him8 ,y may try1 said h] "m4 ,l\isa ran till %e 0 tir$1 & !n came back to h] "m1 look+ a little disappo9t$4 ,i c\ld n cat* him1 "m4 ,nev] m9d1 said h] "m1 y _h a good "t try+1 at any rate4 ,p]haps y w see ano!r by-&-by4 ,y may possibly see a bird1 & y c try & see if y c cat* him4 ,s ,l\isa ran (f to play aga91 satisfi$ & happy4 ,a little f>!r on a pretty tree 0 gr[+1 n f> f ! pa? on "o side4 ,a %ort1 half-decay$ log lay at ! foot ( ! tree1 ov]topp$ & ne>ly conceal$ by a gr[? ( raspb]ry-bu%es1 grass1 & wild fl[]s4 ,l\isa1 said ! "m1 d y see t tree ) ! pretty fl[]s at ! foot ( x8 ,yes1 "m4 ,i w\ld r n h y g ne> t tree4 ,come ov] to ?is side ( ! pa?1 & keep on ?is side till y get by4 ,l\isa began imm$iately to obey1 b z %e 0 cross+ ! pa? %e look$ up to h] "m & ask$ :y %e mu/ n g ne> ! tree4 ,i am glad y w\ld l to "k :y1 repli$ h] "m1 & ,i w tell y ! reason z soon z we get pa/4 ,l\isa kept on ! o!r side ( ! pa? until ! tree 0 left well beh9d1 & !n came back to h] "m to ask = ! promis$ reason4 ,x 0 because ,i he>d t !re 0 a wasp's ne/ "u t tree1 said h] "m4 ,a wasp's ne/6 repeat$ ,l\isa1 ) a look ( al>m4 ,yes1 rejo9$ h] "m1 & ,i 0 afraid t ! wasps might /+ y4 ,l\isa paus$ a mom5t1 & !n1 look+ back t[>ds ! tree1 said1 ,i am glad ,i did n g ne> x4 ,& ,i am glad t y obey$ me s readily1 said h] "m4 ,i knew y w\ld obey me at once1 )\t my giv+ any reason4 ,i did n wi% to tell y ! reason1 = fe> ( fright5+ y :ile y 7 pass+ by ! tree4 ,b ,i knew t y w\ld obey me )\t any reason4 ,y always d1 & t is :y ,i always l to h y g ) me :5 ,i take a walk4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indulg5ce4 ,l\isa is mu* gratifi$ by ?is comm5dation1 & ! effect ( x1 & ( ! :ole incid5t1 9 confirm+ & /r5g!n+ ! pr9ciple ( ob$i5ce 9 h] he>t1 is v mu* great] ?an rebukes or puni%m5ts = any ov]t act ( disob$i5ce c\ld possibly be4 ,b1 "m1 ask$ ,l\isa1 h[ did y "k t !re 0 a wasp's ne/ "u t tree8 ,"o ( ! boys told me s1 repli$ h] "m4 ,& d y really ?9k !re is "o !re8 ask$ ,l\isa4 ,no1 repli$ h] "m1 ,i d n really ?9k !re is4 ,boys are v apt to imag9e su* ?+s4 ,!n :y w\ld y n let me g !re8 ask$ ,l\isa4 ,because !re might be "o !re1 & s ,i ?\ght x saf] = y n to g ne>4 ,l\isa n[ left h] "m's side & resum$ h] excursions1 runn+ ?is way & t1 9 e direction1 ov] ! fields1 until at l5g?1 h] /r5g? beg9n+ to fail1 %e came back to h] "m1 out ( brea?1 & ) a languid air1 say+ t %e 0 too tir$ to g any f>!r4 ,i am tir$1 too1 said h] "m2 we _h bett] f9d a place to sit d[n to re/4 ,:]e %all we f9d "o8 ask$ ,l\isa4 ,i see a l>ge /one out !re be=e u a little way1 said h] "m4 ,h[ w t d8 ,i mean to g & try x1 said ,l\isa2 &1 hav+ seem+ly recov]$ h] brea?1 %e ran =w>d to try ! /one4 ,by ! "t t h] "m rea*$ ! spot %e 0 ready to g on4 ,^! & simil> incid5ts m>k$ ! :ole progress ( ! walk4 ,we see t 9 su* a case z ?is firm gov]nm5t & free indulg5ce are conjo9$2 & t1 f> f !re be+ any antagonism betwe5 !m1 !y may "w toge!r 9 p]fect h>mony4 ,mode ( ,managem5t ) ,hannah4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re may be an extreme limitation 9 respect to a "m's indulg5ce ( h] *ildr51 :ile yet %e has no gov]nm5t ov] !m at all4 ,we %all see h[ ?is might be by ! case ( little ,hannah4 ,hannah 0 ask$ by h] "m to g ) h] across ! fields to ! village "u circum/ances simil> to ^? ( ,l\isa's invitation1 except t ! real motive ( ,hannah's "m1 9 propos+ t ,hannah %\ld accompany h]1 0 to h ! *ild's help 9 br++ home h] p>cels4 ,yes1 "m1 said ,hannah1 9 reply to h] "m's invitation1 ,i %\ld l to g2 & ,i w g & ask ,c\s9 ,s>ah to g too4 ,oh no1 rejo9$ h] "m1 :y d y wi% ,s>ah to g8 ,%e w only be a tr\ble to u4 ,%e won't be any tr\ble at all1 "m1 & ,i mean to g & ask h]1 said ,hannah2 &1 putt+ on h] bonnet1 %e set (f t[>ds ! gate4 ,no1 ,hannah1 insi/$ h] "m1 y mu/ n g4 ,i don't wi% to h ,s>ah g ) u to-day4 ,hannah paid no att5tion to ?is prohibition1 b ran (f to f9d ,s>ah4 ,aft] a few m9utes %e return$1 say+ t ,s>ah 0 n at home4 ,i am glad ( x1 said h] "m2 ,i told y n to g to ask h]1 & y did v wrong to disobey me4 ,i h a great m9d n to let y g y\rself4 ,hannah ran (f 9 ! direction ( ! pa?1 n c>+ = ! c5sure or = ! ?reat1 kn[+ well t !y w\ld result 9 no?+4 ,h] "m foll[$4 ,:5 !y rea*$ ! pa/ures ,hannah began runn+ "h & !re ov] ! grass4 ,hannah6 said h] "m1 speak+ 9 a /]n & reproa*ful tone2 :at d y keep runn+ ab\t s = all ! "t1 ,hannah8 ,y'll get tir$ out be=e we get to ! village1 & !n y'll be teas+ me to let y /op & re/4 ,come & walk along quietly ) me4 ,b ,hannah paid no att5tion :atev] to ?is injunction4 ,%e ran to & fro among ! rocks & clumps ( bu%es1 & once or twice %e br\ght to h] "m fl[]s or o!r curi\s ?+s t %e f\nd4 ,^? ?+s are n good = any ?+1 *ild1 said h] "m4 ,!y are no?+ b common we$s & tra%4 ,besides1 ,i told y n to run ab\t s mu*4 ,:y c't y come & walk quietly along ! pa?1 l a s5sible p]son8 ,hannah paid no att5tion to ?is reit]ation ( h] "m's comm&1 b cont9u$ to run ab\t z be=e4 ,hannah1 repeat$ h] "m1 come back into ! pa?4 ,i h told y aga9 & aga9 t y mu/ come & walk ) me1 & y don't pay ! lea/ he$ to :at ,i say4 ,by-&-by y w fall into "s hole1 or te> y\r clo!s aga9/ ! bu%es1 or get prick$ ) ! bri]s4 ,y mu/ n1 at any rate1 g a /ep f>!r f ! pa? ?an y are n[4 ,hannah walk$ on1 look+ = fl[]s & curiosities1 & rec$+ f>!r & f>!r f ! pa?1 = a "t1 & !n return+ t[>ds x aga91 accord+ to h] own fancy or caprice1 )\t pay+ any reg>d to h] "m's directions4 ,hannah1 said h] "m1 y mu/ n g s f> away f ! pa?4 ,!n1 besides1 y are com+ to a tree :]e !re is a wasps' ne/4 ,y mu/ n g ne> t tree2 if y d1 y w get /ung4 ,hannah w5t on1 look+ = fl[]s1 & gradually draw+ ne>] to ! tree4 ,hannah6 exclaim$ h] "m1 ,i tell y t y mu/ n g ne> t tree4 ,y w c]ta9ly get /ung4 ,hannah w5t on--some:at hesitat+ly & cauti\sly1 x is true--t[>ds ! foot ( ! tree1 &1 see+ no signs ( wasps !re1 %e began ga!r+ ! fl[]s t grew at ! foot ( x4 ,hannah6 ,hannah6 exclaim$ h] "m2 ,i told y n to g ne> t tree6 ,get y\r fl[]s quick1 if y mu/ get !m1 & come away4 ,hannah w5t on ga!r+ ! fl[]s at h] leisure4 ,y w c]ta9ly get /ung1 said h] "m4 ,i don't believe !re is any hornets' ne/ "h1 repli$ ,hannah4 ,wasps' ne/1 said h] "m2 x 0 a wasps' ne/4 ,or wasps' ne/ ei!r1 said ,hannah4 ,yes1 rejo9$ h] "m1 ! boys said !re 04 ,t's no?+1 said ,hannah2 ! boys ?9k !re are wasps' ne/s 9 a great _m places :]e !re are n any4 ,aft] a "t ,hannah1 hav+ ga!r$ all ! fl[]s %e wi%$ =1 came back at h] leisure t[>ds h] "m4 ,i told y n to g to t tree1 said h] "m1 reproa*fully4 ,y told me ,i %\ld c]ta9ly get /ung if ,i w5t !re1 rejo9$ ,hannah1 & ,i didn't4 ,well1 y might h got /ung1 said h] "m1 & s walk$ on4 ,pretty soon aft] ?is ,hannah said t %e 0 tir$ ( walk+ s f>1 & wi%$ to /op & re/4 ,no1 repli$ h] "m1 ,i told y t y w\ld get tir$ if y ran ab\t s mu*2 b y w\ld d x1 & s n[ ,i %all n /op = y at all4 ,hannah said t %e %\ld /op1 at any rate2 s %e sat d[n ^u a log by ! way-side4 ,h] "m said t %e %\ld g on & leave h]4 ,s h] "m walk$ on1 look+ back n[ & !n1 & call+ ,hannah to come4 ,b f9d+ t ,hannah did n come1 %e f9ally f\nd a place to sit d[n h]self & wait = h]4 ,! ,pr9ciple illu/rat$ by ?is ,case4 ,_m a "m w see ! image ( h] own managem5t ( h] *ildr5 reflect$ )\t exagg]ation or di/ortion 9 ?is glass2 &1 z ! =m] /ory %[s h[ ! free/ indulg5ce is compatible ) ! ma9t5ance ( ! mo/ absolute au?ority1 ?is enables u to see h[ a p]petual resi/ance to ! impulses & desires ( *ildr5 may co-exi/ ) no gov]nm5t ov] !m at all4 ,let no "m fe>1 !n1 t ! measures necess>y to e/abli% = h] ! mo/ absolute au?ority ov] h] *ildr5 w at all curtail h] p[] to promote _! happ9ess4 ,! ma9t5ance ( ! be/ possible gov]nm5t ov] !m w n 9 any way prev5t h] yield+ to !m all ! h>mless gratifications !y may desire4 ,%e may indulge !m 9 all _! *ildi% impulses1 fancies1 & ev5 caprices1 to _! he>t's cont5t1 )\t at all weak5+ h] au?ority ov] !m4 ,inde$1 %e may make ^! v indulg5ces ! means ( /r5g!n+ h] au?ority4 ,b )\t ! au?ority %e c nev] develop 9 ! he>ts ( h] *ildr5 ! only k9d ( love t is wor? possess+--namely1 t 9 :i* ! feel+ ( affection is dignifi$ & ennobl$ by ! s5tim5t ( respect4 ,"o m ,consid]ation4 ,!re is "o consid]ation :i*1 if prop]ly appreciat$1 w\ld h an ov]p[]+ influ5ce on ! m9d ( e "m 9 induc+ h] to e/abli% & ma9ta9 a firm au?ority ov] h] *ild dur+ ! e>ly ye>s ( 8 life1 & t is ! possibility t he may n live to rea* maturity4 ,%\ld ! t]rible calamity befall h] ( be+ compell$ to foll[ h] boy1 yet "y1 to 8 grave1 ! "* ( h] grief1 & ! degree ( di/ress & angui% :i* x w occasion h]1 w dep5d v mu* ^u ! memories :i* 8 life & 8 relations to h] h left 9 h] s\l4 ,:5 %e returns to h] home1 b[$ d[n by ! t]rible burd5 ( h] b]eavem5t1 & w&]s ov] ! n[ desolat$ rooms :i* 7 ! sc5es ( 8 infantile occupations & joys1 & sees ! n[ useless play?+s & books1 & ! v>i\s objects ( curiosity & int]e/ ) :i* he 0 s (t5 & s busily engag$1 !re c1 ( c\rse1 be no?+ :i* c really assuage h] ov]:elm+ grief2 b x w make a vital diff]5ce 9 ! "* ( ?is grief1 :e!r ! image ( h] boy1 z x takes its fix$ & f9al position 9 h] memory & 9 h] he>t1 is associat$ ) recollections ( docility1 respectful reg>d = 8 "m's wi%es1 & ( ready & unque/ion+ submission to h] au?ority & ob$i5ce to h] comm&s2 or :e!r1 on ! o!r h&1 ! picture ( 8 pa/ life1 :i* is to rema9 =ev] 9 h] he>t1 is to be di/ort$ & m>r$ by memories ( outbreaks1 acts ( ungov]nable impulse & insubord9ation1 habitual disreg>d ( all au?ority1 & disrespectful1 if n contemptu\s1 treatm5t ( 8 "m4 ,!re is a sweetness z well z a bitt]ness ( grief2 & some?+ l a feel+ ( joy & gladness w spr+ up 9 ! "m's he>t1 & m+le ) & soo! h] sorr[1 if %e c ?9k ( h] boy1 :5 he is gone1 z always docile1 tractable1 submissive to h] au?ority1 & ob$i5t to h] comm&s4 ,su* recollections1 x is true1 c n avail to remove h] grief--p]haps n ev5 to dim9i% its int5sity2 b !y w greatly assuage ! bitt]ness ( x1 & :olly take away its /+4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,g5tle ,,puni%m5t ,,( ,,disob$i5ce4 ,*ildr5 h no natural in/9ct ( ob$i5ce to _! p>5ts1 ?\gh !y h o!r in/9cts by means ( :i* ! habit ( ob$i5ce1 z an acquisition1 c easily be =m$4 ,! true /ate ( ! case is well illu/rat$ by :at we obs]ve among ! l[] animals4 ,! h5 c call h] *ick5s :5 %e has food = !m1 or :5 any dang] ?reat5s1 & !y come to h]4 ,!y come1 h[ev]1 simply "u ! impulse ( a desire = food or fe> ( dang]1 n f any in/9ctive desire to con=m _! action to _! "m's w2 or1 9 o!r words1 ) no idea ( submission to p>5tal au?ority4 ,x is s1 sub/antially1 ) _m o!r animals ^: habits 9 respect to ! relation betwe5 p>5ts & (fspr+ come "u human obs]vation4 ,! colt & ! calf foll[ & keep ne> ! "m1 n f any in/9ct ( desire to con=m _! conduct to h] w1 b solely f love ( food1 or fe> ( dang]4 ,^! la/ are /rictly in/9ctive4 ,!y act spontane\sly1 & require no tra9+ ( any sort to e/abli% or to ma9ta9 !m4 ,! case is sub/antially ! same ) *ildr54 ,!y run to _! "m by in/9ct1 :5 want1 fe>1 or pa9 impels !m4 ,!y require no tea*+ or tra9+ = ?is4 ,b = !m to come simply because _! "m wi%es !m to come--to be controll$1 9 o!r words1 by h] w1 in/ead ( by _! own impulses1 is a diff]5t ?+ altoge!r4 ,!y h no in/9ct = t4 ,!y h only a capacity = its developm5t4 ,in/9cts & ,capacities4 ,x may1 p]haps1 be ma9ta9$ t !re is no real diff]5ce betwe5 in/9cts & capacities1 & x c]ta9ly is possible t !y may pass into ea* o!r by ins5sible gradations4 ,/ill1 practically1 & 9 ref]5ce to our treatm5t ( any intellig5t nature :i* is 9 c\rse ( gradual developm5t "u our influ5ce1 ! diff]5ce is wide4 ,! dog has an in/9ct impell+ him to atta* himself to & foll[ 8 ma/]2 b he has no in/9ct lead+ him to draw 8 ma/]'s c>t4 ,he requires no tea*+ = ! "o4 ,x comes1 ( c\rse1 f ! connate impulses ( 8 nature4 ,= ! o!r he requires a skillful & c>eful tra9+4 ,if we f9d a dog :o ev9ces no disposition to seek ! society ( man1 b roams (f into woods & solitudes alone1 he is useless1 & we attribute ! fault to 8 own wolfi% nature4 ,b if he w n fet* & c>ry at comm&1 or br+ home a basket 9 8 m\? f m>ket1 ! fault1 if !re be any fault1 is 9 8 ma/]1 9 n hav+ tak5 ! prop] "t & pa9s to tra9 him1 or 9 n kn[+ h[ to d x4 ,he has an in/9ct lead+ him to atta* himself to a human ma/]1 & to foll[ 8 ma/] :]ev] he goes4 ,b he has no in/9ct lead+ him to fet* & c>ry1 or to draw c>ts = any body4 ,if he %[s no affection = man1 x is 8 own fault--t is1 ! fault ( 8 nature4 ,b if he does n fet* & c>ry well1 or g out ( ! room :5 he is ord]$ out1 or draw /eadily 9 a c>t1 x is 8 tea*]'s fault4 ,he has n be5 prop]ly tra9$4 ,:o is ,responsible8 ,s ) ! *ild4 ,if he does n seem to "k h[ to take 8 food1 or %[s no disposition to run to 8 "m :5 he is hurt or :5 he is fright5$1 we h reason to suspect some?+ wrong1 or1 at lea/1 some?+ abnormal1 9 8 m5tal or physical con/itution4 ,b if he does n obey 8 "m's comm&s--no matt] h[ insubord9ate or unmanageable he may be--! fault does n1 c]ta9ly1 indicate any ?+ at all wrong 9 him4 ,! fault is 9 8 tra9+4 ,9 witness+ 8 disob$i5ce1 our reflection %\ld be1 n ,:at a bad boy6 b ,:at an unfai?ful or incompet5t "m6 ,i h dwelt ! long] on ?is po9t because x is fundam5tal ,z long z a "m imag9es1 z s _m mo!rs seem to d1 t ob$i5ce on ! "p ( ! *ild is1 or ought to be1 a matt] ( c\rse1 %e w nev] prop]ly und]take ! "w ( tra9+ him4 ,b :5 %e ?or\ghly und]/&s & feels t h] *ildr5 are n to be expect$ to submit _! w to h]s1 except s f> z %e =ms 9 !m ! habit ( do+ ?is by special tra9+1 ! battle is half won4 ,actual ,in/9cts ( ,*ildr54 ,! natural in/9ct :i* impels h] *ildr5 to come at once to h] = refuge & protection 9 all _! tr\bles & fe>s1 is a great s\rce ( happ9ess to e "m4 ,?is in/9ct %[s itself 9 a ?\s& ways4 ,a "m1 "o morn+--,i quote ! anecdote f a newspap],b :i* came to h& :ile ,i 0 writ+ ?is *apt]--gave h] two little ones books & toys to amuse !m1 :ile %e w5t to att5d to "s "w 9 an upp] room4 ,half an h\r pass$ quietly1 & !n a timid voice at ! foot ( ! /airs call$ out3 ',mamma1 are y !re8' ',yes1 d>l+4' ',all "r1 !n6' & ! *ild w5t back to its play4 ,by-&-by ! little voice 0 he>d aga91 repeat+1 ',mamma1 are y !re8' ',yes4' ',all "r1 !n2' & ! little ones return$ aga91 satisfi$ & reassur$1 to _! toys4 ,! s5se ( _! "m's pres5ce1 or at lea/ ! c]ta9ty ( h] be+ ne> at h&1 0 necess>y to _! security & cont5tm5t 9 _! plays4 ,b ?is feel+ 0 n ! result ( any tea*+s t !y _h receiv$ f _! "m1 or ^u h] hav+ inculcat$ ^u _! m9ds 9 any way ! necessity ( _! keep+ always )9 rea* ( mat]nal protection2 nor _h x be5 acquir$ by _! own obs]vation or exp]i5ce ( dang]s or difficulties :i* _h befall5 !m :5 too f> away4 ,x 0 a native in/9ct ( ! s\l--! same t leads ! lamb & ! calf to keep close to _! "m's side1 & causes ! unwean$ babe to cl+ to its "m's bosom1 & to %r9k f be+ put away into ! crib or cradle alone4 ,! ,responsibility re/s ^u ! ,"m4 ,! "m is ?us to und]/& t ! pr9ciple ( ob$i5ce is n to be expect$ to come by nature into ! he>t ( h] *ild1 b to be implant$ by education4 ,%e mu/ und]/& ?is s fully z to feel t if %e f9ds t h] *ildr5 are disob$i5t to h] comm&s--leav+ out ( view cases ( peculi> & extraord9>y temptation--x is h] fault1 n !irs4 ,p]haps ,i ought n to say h] fault exactly1 = %e may h done z well z %e kn[s h[2 b1 at any rate1 h] failure4 ,in/ead1 !re=e1 ( be+ angry ) !m1 or frett+ & compla9+ ab\t ! tr\ble !y give h]1 %e %\ld leave !m1 z x 71 out ( ! case1 & turn h] ?\ghts to h]self1 & to h] own managem5t1 ) a view to ! discov]y & ! correct+ ( h] own d]elictions & errors4 ,9 a ^w1 %e mu/ set regul>ly & sy/ematically ab\t ! "w ( tea*+ h] *ildr5 to subject _! w to h]s4 ,?ree ,me?ods4 ,i %all give ?ree pr9ciples ( managem5t1 or r ?ree diff]5t classes ( measures1 by means ( :i* *ildr5 may c]ta9ly be made ob$i5t4 ,! mo/ p]fect success w be atta9$ by employ+ !m all4 ,b !y require v diff]5t degrees ( skill & tact on ! "p ( ! "m4 ,! fir/ requires v little skill4 ,x dem&s only /ead9ess1 calmness1 & p]sev]ance4 ,! second draws mu* m ^u ! "m's m5tal res\rces1 & ! la/1 mo/ ( all4 ,inde$1 z w pres5tly be se51 !re is no limit to ! am\nt ( tact & +5uity1 n to say g5ius1 :i* may be advantage\sly ex]cis$ 9 ! la/ me?od4 ,! fir/ is ! mo/ ess5tial2 & x w alone1 if fai?fully c>ri$ out1 accompli% ! end4 ,! second1 if ! "m has ! tact & skill to c>ry x into effect1 w aid v mu* 9 accompli%+ ! result1 & 9 a mann] altoge!r m agreeable to bo? p>ties4 ,! ?ird w make ! "w ( =m+ ! habit ( ob$i5ce on ! "p ( ! "m1 & ( acquir+ x on ! "p ( ! *ild1 a s\rce ( ! highe/ enjoym5t to bo?4 ,b !n1 un=tunately1 x requires m skill & dext]ity1 m g5tl5ess ( t\*1 s to speak1 & a m delicate con/itution ( s\l1 ?an mo/ mo!rs c be expect$ to possess4 ,b let u see :at ! ?ree me?ods are4 ,fir/ ,me?od4 #a4 ,! fir/ pr9ciple is t ! "m %\ld s regulate h] managem5t ( h] *ild1 t he %\ld nev] ga9 any desir$ end by any act ( insubmission1 b always incur "s small tr\ble1 inconv5i5ce1 or privation1 by disobey+ or neglect+ to obey 8 "m's comm&4 ,! important words 9 ?is /atem5t ( ! pr9ciple are nev] & always4 ,x is ! absolute c]ta9ty t disob$i5ce w hurt him1 & n help him1 9 :i* ! :ole efficacy ( ! rule consi/s4 ,x is v surpris+ h[ small a puni%m5t w prove efficaci\s if x is only c]ta9 to foll[ ! transgression4 ,y may set ap>t a c]ta9 place = a prison--a corn] ( ! s(a1 a c]ta9 ottoman1 a *air1 a /ool1 any ?+ w answ]2 & ! m entirely e ?+ l an air ( displeasure or sev]ity is exclud$1 9 ! mann] ( mak+ ! prelim9>y arrangem5ts1 ! bett]4 ,a "m )\t any tact1 or any prop] und]/&+ ( ! way 9 :i* ! he>ts & m9ds ( "y *ildr5 are influ5c$1 w beg91 v likely1 ) a scold+4 ,*ildr51 y are gett+ v disob$i5t4 ,i h to speak ?ree or f\r times be=e y move to d :at ,i say4 ,n[1 ,i am go+ to h a prison4 ,! prison is to be t d>k closet1 & ,i am go+ to %ut y up 9 x = half an h\r e "t y disobey4 ,n[1 rememb]6 ,! v next "t6 ,empty ,?reat5+4 ,mo!rs :o gov]n by ?reat5+ seldom d any ?+ b ?reat54 ,accord+ly1 ! fir/ "t ! *ildr5 disobey h]1 aft] su* an ann\ncem5t1 %e says no?+1 if ! case happ5s to be "o 9 :i* ! disob$i5ce occasions h] no p>ticul> tr\ble4 ,! next "t1 :5 ! transgression is a little m s]i\s1 %e ?9ks1 v rightly p]haps1 t to be %ut up half an h\r 9 a d>k closet w\ld be a disproportionate puni%m5t4 ,!n1 :5 at l5g? "s v willful & grave act ( insubord9ation occurs1 %e happ5s to be 9 p>ticul>ly good-humor1 = "s reason1 & has n ! he>t to %ut ! poor ?+ 9 ! closet2 or1 p]haps1 !re is company pres5t1 & %e does n wi% to make a sc5e4 ,s ! p5alty ann\nc$ ) s mu* emphasis turns out to be a dead lett]1 z ! *ildr5 knew x w\ld f ! beg9n+4 ,h[ ,discipl9e may be bo? ,g5tle & ,effici5t4 ,) a little dext]ity & tact on ! "m's "p1 ! case may be manag$ v diff]5tly1 & ) a v diff]5t result4 ,let u suppose t "s day1 :ile %e is engag$ ) h] sew+ or h] o!r h\sehold duties1 & h] *ildr5 are play+ ar\nd h]1 %e tells !m t 9 "s great s*ools 9 ,europe1 :5 ! boys are disob$i5t1 or violate ! rules1 !y are %ut up = puni%m5t 9 a k9d ( prison2 & p]haps %e ent]ta9s !m ) inv5t$ examples ( boys t w\ld n g to prison1 & _h to be tak5 !re by =ce1 & kept !re long] on acc\nt ( _! contumacy2 & also ( o!r noble boys1 tall & h&some1 & ! be/ play]s on ! gr\nds1 :o w5t readily :5 !y _h done wrong & 7 ord]$ into conf9em5t1 & bore _! puni%m5t l m51 & :o 7 accord+ly set free all ! soon] on t acc\nt4 ,!n %e proposes to !m ! idea ( adopt+ t plan h]self1 & asks !m to look all ab\t ! room & f9d a good seat :i* !y c h = _! prison--"o end ( ! s(a1 p]haps1 a /ool 9 a corn]1 or a box us$ z a h\se = a kitt54 ,i once knew an in/ance :]e a /ep be=e a door lead+ to a /aircase s]v$ z p5it5ti>y1 & sitt+ ^u x = a m9ute or less 0 ! sev]e/ puni%m5t requir$ to ma9ta9 mo/ p]fect discipl9e 9 a family ( "y *ildr5 = a long "t4 ,:5 any "o ( ! *ildr5 violat$ any rule or direction :i* _h be5 enjo9$ ^u !m--z1 = example1 :5 !y left ! door op5 9 com+ 9 or go+ out1 9 ! w9t]2 or int]rupt$ _! "m :5 %e 0 read+1 in/ead ( /&+ quietly by h] side & wait+ until %e look$ up f h] book & gave !m leave to speak to h]2 or us$ any viol5ce t[>ds ea* o!r1 by pu%+1 or pull+1 or /ruggl+ = a play?+ or a place2 or did n come promptly to h] :5 call$2 or did n obey at once ! fir/ comm& 9 any case1 ! "m w\ld say simply1 ,m>y6 or ,james6 ,prison6 ,%e w\ld pron\nce ?is s5t5ce )\t any appe>ance ( displeasure1 & (t5 ) a smile1 z if !y 7 only play+ prison1 & !n1 9 a v few m9utes aft] !y _h tak5 ! p5it5tial seat1 %e w\ld say ,free6 :i* ^w set !m at lib]ty aga94 ,mu/ beg9 at ! ,beg9n+4 ,i h no d\bt t "s mo!rs1 9 read+ ?is1 w say t su* managem5t z ?is is m]e trifl+ & play2 & t real & actual *ildr51 ) all _! natural turbul5ce1 insubord9ation1 & ob/9acy1 c nev] be really gov]n$ by any su* means4 ,i answ] t :e!r x proves on trial to be m]ely trifl+ & play or n dep5ds ^u ! firmness1 /ead9ess1 & decision ) :i* ! "m c>ries x into execution4 ,e me?od ( managem5t requires firmness1 p]sev]ance1 & decision on ! "p ( ! "m to make x successful1 b1 ) ^! qualities duly ex]cis$1 x is a/oni%+ :at slight & g5tle p5alties w suffice = ! mo/ complete e/abli%m5t ( h] au?ority4 ,i knew a "m ^: *ildr5 7 tra9$ to habits ( almo/ p]fect ob$i5ce1 & ^: only me?od ( puni%m5t1 s f> z ,i "k1 0 to require ! (f5d] to /& on "o foot & c\nt five1 t51 or tw5ty1 accord+ to ! nature & aggravation ( ! (f5se4 ,su* a "m1 ( c\rse1 beg9s e>ly ) h] *ildr54 ,%e tra9s !m f _! e>lie/ ye>s to ?is con/ant subjection ( _! w to h]s4 ,su* p5alties1 moreov]1 owe _! effici5cy n to ! degree ( pa9 or inconv5i5ce t !y impose ^u ! (f5d]1 b ma9ly ^u _! call+ 8 att5tion1 di/9ctly1 aft] e (f5se1 to ! fact t he has done wrong4 ,slight z ?is is1 x w prove to be suffici5t if x always comes--if no case ( disob$i5ce or ( willful wrong-do+ ( any k9d is all[$ to pass unnotic$1 or is n foll[$ by ! infliction ( ! prop] p5alty4 ,x is 9 all cases ! c]ta9ty1 & n ! sev]ity1 ( puni%m5t :i* con/itutes its p[]4 ,suppose "o is n at ! ,beg9n+4 ,:at has be5 said ?us f> relates obvi\sly to cases :]e ! "m is at ! comm5cem5t ( h] "w ( tra9+4 ,?is is ! way to beg92 b y c n beg9 unless y are at ! beg9n+4 ,if y\r *ildr5 are p>tly gr[n1 & y f9d t !y are n "u y\r comm&1 ! difficulty is mu* great]4 ,! pr9ciples :i* %\ld gov]n ! managem5t are ! same1 b !y c n be appli$ by means s g5tle4 ,! prison1 x may be1 mu/ n[ be some:at m real1 ! t]ms ( imprisonm5t some:at long]1 & !re may be cases ( insubord9ation s decid$ z to require ! (f5d] to be c>ri$ to x by =ce1 on acc\nt ( 8 refusal to g ( 8 own accord1 & p]haps to be held !re1 or ev5 to be ti$4 ,cases requir+ treatm5t s decisive z ?is mu/ be v r>e ) *ildr5 "u t5 ye>s ( age2 & :5 !y occur1 ! "m has reason to feel great self-condemnation--or at lea/ great self-abasem5t--at f9d+ t %e has fail$ s entirely 9 ! fir/ great moral duty ( ! "m1 :i* is to tra9 h] *ildr5 to complete submission to h] au?ority f ! beg9n+4 ,*ildr5 com+ "u ,new ,control4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 x happ5s t *ildr5 are transf]r$ f "o *>ge to ano!r1 s t ! "o ^u :om ! duty ( gov]nm5t devolves1 p]haps only = a "t1 f9ds t ! *ild or *ildr5 put "u 8 or h] *>ge h be5 tra9$ by previ\s mismanagem5t to habits ( utt] insubord9ation4 ,i say1 tra9$ to su* habits1 = ! practice ( all[+ *ildr5 to ga9 _! ends by any p>ticul> means is really tra9+ !m to ! use ( ^? means4 ,?us multitudes ( *ildr5 are taught to disobey1 & tra9$ to habits ( insubmission & insubord9ation1 by ! means mo/ effectually adapt$ to t end4 ,difficulties4 ,:5 "u ^! circum/ances ! *ildr5 come "u a new *>ge1 :e!r p]man5tly or tempor>ily1 ! task ( re-=m 9 or _! *>act]s is m delicate & difficult ?an :]e "o c beg9 at ! beg9n+2 b ! pr9ciples are ! same1 & ! success is equally c]ta94 ,! difficulty is some:at increas$ by ! fact t ! p]son ?us provisionally 9 *>ge has (t5 no natural au?ority ov] ! *ild1 & ! circum/ances may moreov] be su* z to make x necess>y to ab/a9 c>efully f any measures t w\ld lead to difficulty or collision1 to cries1 compla9ts to ! "m1 or any ( ^? o!r =ms ( commotion or annoyance1 :i* ungov]n$ *ildr5 "k s well h[ to employ 9 ga9+ _! ends4 ,! "m may be "o ( ^? weak-m9d$ wom5 :o c nev] see any ?+ unreasonable 9 ! cry+ compla9ts made by _! *ildr5 aga9/ o!r p4 ,or %e may be sick1 & x may be v important to avoid e ?+ t c\ld agitate or di/urb h]4 ,george & ,egb]t4 ,?is la/ 0 ! case ( ,george1 a "y man ( sev5te51 :o came to sp5d "s "t at home aft] an abs5ce ( two ye>s 9 ! city4 ,he f\nd 8 "m sick1 & 8 little bro!r1 ,egb]t1 utt]ly insubord9ate & unmanageable4 ,! fir/ ?+ ,i h to d1 said ,george to himself1 :5 he obs]v$ h[ ?+s 71 is to get comm& ( ,egb]t2 & z ! fir/ lesson :i* he gave 8 little bro!r illu/rates well ! pr9ciple ( g5tle b effici5t puni%m5t1 ,i w give x "h4 ,egb]t 0 t5 ye>s ( age4 ,he 0 v fond ( go+ a-fi%+1 b he 0 n all[$ to g alone4 ,8 "m1 v weak & vacillat+ ab\t "s ?+s1 0 extremely decid$ ab\t ?is4 ,s ,egb]t _h le>n$ to submit to ?is re/riction1 z he w\ld h done to all o!rs if 8 "m _h be5 equally decid$ 9 respect to all4 ,! fir/ ?+ t ,egb]t ?\ght ( ! next morn+ aft] 8 bro!r's return 0 t ,george might g a-fi%+ ) him4 ,i don't "k1 repli$ ,george1 9 a hesitat+ & d\btful tone4 ,i don't "k :e!r x w d = me to g a-fi%+ ) y4 ,i don't "k :e!r ,i c dep5d ^u y\r always obey+ me & do+ z ,i say4 ,egb]t made v positive promises1 & s x 0 decid$ to g4 ,george took great int]e/ 9 help+ ,egb]t ab\t 8 fi%+-tackle1 & did all 9 8 p[] 9 o!r ways to e/abli% fri5dly relations ) him1 & at l5g? !y set out4 ,!y walk$ a little di/ance d[n :at 0 9 ! w9t] a wood road1 & !n came to a place :]e two pa?s l$ into a wood4 ,ei!r ( !m l$ to ! riv]4 ,b !re 0 a brook to cross1 & = "o ( ^! pa?s !re 0 a bridge4 ,!re 0 none = ! o!r4 ,george said t !y w\ld take ! =m]4 ,egb]t1 h[ev]1 paid no reg>d to ?is direction1 b say+ simply ,no1 ,i'd r g ?is way1 walk$ (f 9 ! o!r pa?4 ,i 0 afraid y w\ld n obey me1 said ,george1 & !n turn$ & foll[$ ,egb]t into ! =bidd5 pa?1 )\t mak+ any fur!r objection4 ,egb]t conclud$ at once t he %\ld f9d ,george z easily to be manag$ z he _h f\nd o!r p4 ,! ,disob$i5ce4 ,:5 !y came 9 sight ( ! brook1 ,george saw t !re 0 a n>r[ log across x1 9 guise ( a bridge4 ,he call$ out to ,egb]t1 :o _h gone on be=e him1 n to g ov] ! log until he came4 ,b ,egb]t call$ back 9 reply t !re 0 no dang]1 t he c\ld g across alone1 & s w5t boldly ov]4 ,george1 on arriv+ at ! brook1 & f9d+ t ! log 0 firm & /rong1 foll[$ ,egb]t ov] x4 ,i told y ,i c\ld g across x1 said ,egb]t4 ,yes1 repli$ ,george1 & y 7 "r 9 t4 ,y did cross x4 ,! log is v /eady4 ,i ?9k x makes q a good bridge4 ,egb]t said he c\ld hop across x on "o foot1 & ,george gave him leave to try1 :ile he1 ,george1 held 8 fi%+-pole = him4 ,george foll[$ him ov] ! log1 & !n told him t he 0 v sorry to say x1 b t he f\nd t !y c\ld n g a-fi%+ t day4 ,egb]t wi%$ to "k ! reason4 ,george said x 0 a private reason & he c\ld n tell him !n1 b t he w\ld tell him t ev5+ aft] he _h gone to b$4 ,!re 0 a /ory ab\t x1 too1 he said1 t he w\ld tell him at ! same "t4 ,egb]t 0 curi\s to "k :at ! reason c\ld be = *ang+ ! plan1 & also to he> ! /ory4 ,/ill he 0 extremely disappo9t$ 9 hav+ to lose 8 fi%+1 & v mu* dispos$ to be angry ) ,george = n go+ on4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 difficult to get v angry )\t kn[+ ,george's reason1 & ,george1 ?\gh he said t ! reason 0 a good "o--t x 0 a s]i\s difficulty 9 ! way ( go+ a-fi%+ t day1 :i* _h only come to 8 k s9ce !y left home1 /eadily p]si/$ 9 decl9+ to expla9 :at ! difficulty 0 until ! ev5+1 & began sl[ly to walk back t[>d ! h\se4 ,egb]t becomes ,sull54 ,egb]t !n decl>$ t1 at any rate1 he w\ld n g home4 ,if he c\ld n g a-fi%+ he w\ld /ay !re 9 ! woods4 ,george readily fell 9 ) ?is idea4 ,"h is a nice place = me to sit d[n on ?is flat rock "u ! trees1 said he1 & ,i h got a book 9 my pocket4 ,y c play ab\t 9 ! woods z long z y please4 ,p]haps y w see a squirrel2 if y d1 tell me1 & ,i w come & help y cat* him4 ,s say+1 he took out 8 book & sat d[n "u ! trees & began to read4 ,egb]t1 aft] loit]+ ab\t sull5ly a few m9utes1 began to walk up ! pa?1 & said t he 0 go+ home4 ,george1 h[ev]1 soon succe$$ 9 putt+ him 9 good-humor aga9 by talk+ ) him 9 a fri5dly mann]1 & )\t manife/+ any signs ( displeasure1 & also by play+ ) him on ! way4 ,he took c>e to keep on fri5dly t]ms ) him all ! aft]noon1 aid+ him 9 8 v>i\s und]tak+s1 & contribut+ to 8 amusem5t 9 e way z mu* z he c\ld1 :ile he made no compla9t1 & express$ no dissatisfaction ) him 9 any way :atev]4 ,f9al ,disposition ( ! ,case4 ,aft] ,egb]t _h gone to b$1 & be=e he w5t to sleep1 ,george made him a visit at 8 b$side1 &1 aft] a little playful frolic ) him1 to put him 9 special good-humor1 said he w\ld make 8 explanation4 ,! reason :y ,i _h to give up ! fi%+ exp$ition1 he said1 01 ,i f\nd t ,i c\ld n dep5d ^u y\r obey+ me4 ,egb]t1 aft] a mom5t's pause1 said t he did n disobey him2 & :5 ,george rem9d$ him ( 8 tak+ ! pa? t he 0 =bidd5 to take1 & ( 8 cross+ ! log bridge aga9/ ord]s1 he said t t pa? l$ to ! riv] by ! %orte/ way1 & t he knew t ! log 0 firm & /eady1 & t he c\ld g ov] x )\t fall+ 94 ,& s y ?\ght y _h good reasons = disobey+ me1 rejo9$ ,george4 ,yes1 said ,egb]t1 triumphantly4 ,t is j x1 said ,george4 ,y are will+ to obey1 except :5 y ?9k y h good reasons = disobey+1 & !n y disobey4 ,t's ! way a great _m boys d1 & t rem9ds me ( ! /ory ,i 0 go+ to tell y4 ,x is ab\t "s soldi]s4 ,george !n told ,egb]t a long /ory ab\t a colonel :o s5t a capta9 ) a company ( m5 on a secret exp$ition ) specific ord]s1 & ! capta9 disobey$ ! ord]s & cross$ a /ream ) 8 =ce1 :5 he _h be5 direct$ to rema9 on ! hi!r side ( x1 ?9k+ himself t x w\ld be bett] to cross1 & 9 consequ5ce ( x he & all 8 =ce 7 captur$ by ! enemy1 :o 7 ly+ 9 ambu% ne> by1 z ! colonel knew1 ?\gh ! capta9 did n "k x4 ,george conclud$ 8 /ory ) "s v =cible rem>ks1 %[+1 9 a mann] adapt$ to ,egb]t's /ate ( m5tal developm5t1 h[ ess5tial x 0 to ! "* ( a good soldi] t he %\ld obey implicitly all ! comm&s ( 8 sup]ior1 )\t ev] presum+ to disreg>d !m on ! gr\nd ( 8 see+ good reason = do+ s4 ,he !n w5t on to relate ano!r /ory ( an (fic] on :om ! g5]al c\ld rely = implicit & unhesitat+ ob$i5ce to all 8 comm&s1 & :o 0 s5t on an important exp$ition ) ord]s1 ! reasons = :i* he did n und]/&1 b all ( :i* he promptly obey$1 & ?us br\ght ! exp$ition to a successful conclusion4 ,he made ! /ory int]e/+ to ,egb]t by n>rat+ _m details ( a "* adapt$ to ,egb]t's compreh5sion1 & at ! end drew a moral f x = 8 in/ruction4 ,! ,moral4 ,?is moral 0 n1 z "s read]s might p]haps anticipate1 & z1 inde$1 _m p]sons ( less tact might h made x1 t ,egb]t ought himself1 z a boy1 to obey ^? 9 au?ority ov] him4 ,in/ead ( ?is he clos$ by say+3 ,& ,i advise y1 if y gr[ up to be a man & ev] become ! g5]al ( an army1 nev] to tru/ any capta9 or colonel ) ! *>ge ( an important ent]prise1 unless !y are m5 t "k h[ to obey4 ,egb]t answ]$ v gravely t he 0 det]m9$ t he w\ldn't4 ,soon aft] ?is ,george bade him good-night & w5t away4 ,! next day he told ,egb]t n to be disc\rag$ at 8 n hav+ yet le>n$ to obey4 ,!re are a great _m boys old] ?an y1 he said1 :o h n le>n$ ?is lesson2 b y w le>n 9 "t4 ,i c't g a-fi%+ ) y1 or und]take any o!r great exp$itions1 till ,i f9d ,i c tru/ y entirely to d exactly z ,i say 9 cases :]e ,i h a "r to decide2 b y w le>n be=e long1 & !n we c d a great _m ?+s toge!r :i* we c n d n[4 ,! ,pr9ciples ,illu/rat$4 ,any "o :o has any prop] und]/&+ ( ! work+s ( ! juv5ile m9d w see t ,george1 by manag+ ,egb]t on ^! pr9ciples1 w\ld 9 a %ort "t acquire complete asc5d5cy ov] him1 :ile ! boy w\ld v probably rema91 9 relation to 8 "m1 z disob$i5t & insubord9ate z ev]4 ,if ! p5alty annex$ to ! transgression is made z mu* z possible ! necess>y & natural consequ5ce ( x1 & is insi/$ ^u calmly1 delib]ately1 & ) inflexible decision1 b )\t irritation1 )\t reproa*es1 almo/ )\t any indications ev5 ( displeasure1 b is1 on ! contr>y1 light5$ z mu* z possible by sympa?y & k9dness1 & by tak+ ! mo/ indulg5t views1 & admitt+ ! mo/ palliat+ consid]ations 9 respect to ! nature ( ! (f5se1 ! result w c]ta9ly be ! e/abli%m5t ( ! au?ority ( ! p>5t or gu>dian on a firm & p]man5t basis4 ,!re are a great _m cases ( ?is k9d1 :]e a *ild ) confirm$ habits ( insubord9ation comes "u ! *>ge ( a p]son :o is n responsible = ! =mation ( ^! habits4 ,ev5 ! "m h]self sometimes f9ds h]self 9 sub/antially ?is position ) h] own *ildr52 z1 = example1 :5 aft] "s ye>s ( lax & ineffici5t gov]nm5t %e becomes conv9c$ t h] managem5t has be5 wrong1 & t x ?reat5s to br+ =? bitt] fruits unless x is re=m$4 ,9 ^! cases1 al?\gh ! "w is some:at m difficult1 ! pr9ciples on :i* success dep5ds are ! same4 ,slight p5alties1 firmly1 decisively1 & inv>iably en=c$--)\t viol5ce1 )\t scold+1 )\t any manife/ation ( res5tm5t or ang]1 &1 except 9 extreme cases1 )\t ev5 expressions ( displeasure--con/itute a sy/em :i*1 if c>ri$ out calmly1 b ) firmness & decision1 w assur$ly succe$4 ,! real ,difficulty4 ,! case w\ld ?us seem to be v simple1 & success v easy4 ,b1 alas6 ?is is f> f be+ ! case4 ,no?+ is requir$1 x is true1 b firmness1 /ead9ess1 & decision2 b1 un=tunately1 ^! are ! v requisites :i*1 ( all o!rs1 x seems mo/ difficult = mo!rs to comm&4 ,!y c n gov]n _! *ildr5 because !y c n gov]n !mselves4 ,/ill1 if ! "m possess ^! qualities 9 any tol]able degree1 or is able to acquire !m1 ?is me?od ( tra9+ h] *ildr5 to ! habit ( submitt+ implicitly to h] au?ority1 by calmly & good-natur$ly1 b firmly & inv>iably1 affix+ "s slight privation or p5alty to e act ( resi/ance to h] w1 is ! easie/ to practice1 & w c]ta9ly be successful4 ,x requires no +5uity1 no skill1 no contrivance1 no ?\ght--no?+ b /eady p]si/5ce 9 a simple r\t9e4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ ( ! ?ree modes ( action enum]at$ at ! comm5cem5t ( ?is discussion4 ,!re 7 two o!rs nam$1 :i*1 ?\gh requir+ high] qualities 9 ! "m ?an simple /ead9ess ( purpose1 w make ! "w f> m easy & agreeable1 :]e ^! qualities are possess$4 ,"s fur!r consid]ation ( ! subject ( puni%m5t1 ) special ref]5ce to ! light 9 :i* x is to be reg>d$ 9 respect to its nature & its true mode ( action1 w occupy ! next *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,philosophy ,,( ,,puni%m5t4 ,x is v desirable t e p>5t & tea*] %\ld h a di/9ct & cle> conception ( ! true nature ( puni%m5t1 & ( ! precise mann] 9 :i* x is design$ to act 9 repress+ (f5ses4 ,?is is necess>y 9 ord] t ! punitive measures :i* he may employ may accompli% ! desir$ good1 & avoid ! evils :i* s (t5 foll[ 9 _! tra94 ,nature & ,design ( ,puni%m5t4 ,! fir/ "q :i* is to be consid]$ 9 det]m9+ ^u ! pr9ciples to be adopt$ & ! c\rse to be pursu$ ) *ildr5 9 respect to puni%m5t1 is1 :i* ( ! two views 9 respect to ! nature & design ( puni%m5t :i* prevail 9 ! m9ds ( m5 we w adopt 9 %ap+ our sy/em4 ,=1 #a4 ,puni%m5t may be consid]$ 9 ! light ( a v9dictive retribution = s9--a p5alty dem&$ by ! et]nal pr9ciples ( ju/ice z ! natural & prop] sequel & complem5t ( ! pa/ act ( transgression1 ) or )\t reg>d to any salut>y effects t may result f x 9 respect to future acts4 ,or1 #b4 ,x may be consid]$ z a rem$ial measure1 adopt$ solely ) ref]5ce to its influ5ce z a means ( det]r+ ! subject ( x1 or o!rs1 f transgression 9 "t to come4 ,accord+ to ! fir/ view1 puni%m5t is a p5alty :i* ju/ice dem&s z a satisfaction = ! pa/4 ,accord+ to ! o!r x is a rem$y :i* goodness devises = ! b5efit ( ! future4 ,!ologians h lo/ !mselves 9 endless speculations on ! "q h[ f>1 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 puni%m5t is to be consid]$ z possess+ "o or ! o!r ( ^! two *>act]s1 or bo? comb9$4 ,!re seems to be also "s unc]ta9ty 9 ! m9ds ( m5 9 relation to ! precise light 9 :i* ! p5alties ( violat$ law are to be reg>d$ by civil gov]nm5ts1 & ! _s 9 :i* !y are to be adm9i/]$--!y be+ app>5tly1 z prescrib$ & employ$ by mo/ gov]nm5ts1 9 "s respects1 & to "s ext5t1 retributive & v9dictive1 & 9 o!r respects rem$ial & curative4 ,x w\ld seem1 h[ev]1 t 9 respect to s*ool & family gov]nm5t !re c\ld be no "q on ?is po9t4 ,! puni%m5t ( a *ild by a p>5t1 or ( a pupil by a tea*]1 ought c]ta9ly1 "o w\ld ?9k1 to exclude ! elem5t ( v9dictive retribution altoge!r1 & to be employ$ solely ) ref]5ce to ! salut>y influ5ces t may be expect$ f x 9 "t to come4 ,if ! injunction ,v5geance is m9e1 ,i w repay x1 sai? ! ,"l is to be recogniz$ at all1 x c]ta9ly ought to be ackn[l$g$ "h4 ,?is pr9ciple1 once fully & cordially admitt$1 simplifies ! subject ( puni%m5t1 z adm9i/]$ by p>5ts & tea*]s1 v mu*4 ,"o extremely important & v /rik+ result ( x w appe> f a mom5t's reflection4 ,x is ?is1 namely3 ,x excludes completely & effectually all manife/ations ( irritation or excitem5t 9 ! infliction ( puni%m5t--all h>% tones ( voice1 all sc[l+ or angry looks1 all viol5t or ?reat5+ ge/iculations1 & e o!r mode1 9 fact1 ( express+ indignation or passion4 ,su* indications z ^! are :olly out ( place 9 puni%m5t consid]$ z ! application ( a rem$y devis$ b5efic5tly ) ! sole view ( accompli%+ a future good4 ,!y comport only ) puni%m5t consid]$ z v5geance1 or a v9dictive retribution = ! pa/ s94 ,?is idea is fundam5tal4 ,! "m :o is made angry by ! misconduct ( h] *ildr51 & puni%es !m 9 a passion1 acts "u ! influ5ce ( a brute in/9ct4 ,h] family gov]nm5t is 9 pr9ciple ! same z t ( ! l[] animals ov] _! "y4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 at any rate1 a gov]nm5t2 & su* gov]nm5t is c]ta9ly bett] ?an none4 ,b human p>5ts1 9 ! tra9+ ( _! human (fspr+1 ought surely to aim at some?+ high] & nobl]4 ,!y :o d s1 :o possess !mselves fully ) ! idea t puni%m5t1 z !y are to adm9i/] x1 is :olly rem$ial 9 its "*--t is to say1 is to be consid]$ solely ) ref]5ce to ! future good to be atta9$ by x1 w h e/abli%$ 9 _! m9ds a pr9ciple t w surely guide !m into "r ways1 & br+ !m out successfully 9 ! end4 ,!y w soon acquire ! habit ( nev] ?reat5+1 ( nev] puni%+ 9 ang]1 & ( calmly consid]+1 9 ! case ( ! faults :i* !y obs]ve 9 _! *ildr51 :at c\rse ( proc$ure w be mo/ effectual 9 correct+ !m4 ,p>5ts seem sometimes to h an idea t a manife/ation ( some?+ l ang]--or1 at lea/1 v s]i\s displeasure on _! "p--is necess>y 9 ord] to make a prop] impression 9 respect to its fault on ! m9d ( ! *ild4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ,i ?9k1 is a mi/ake4 ,! impression is made by :at we d1 & n by ! indications ( irritation or displeasure :i* we manife/ 9 do+ x4 ,to illu/rate ?is1 ,i w /ate a case1 n>rat+ all its ess5tial po9ts j z x occurr$4 ,! case is v analog\s1 9 _m p>ticul>s1 to t ( ,egb]t & ,george relat$ 9 ! la/ *apt]4 ,m>y's ,walk4 ,m>y1 said ,m>y's aunt1 ,jane1 :o _h come to make a visit at ,m>y's "m's 9 ! c\ntry1 ,i am go+ to ! village ?is aft]noon1 & if y w\ld l y may g ) me4 ,m>y 01 ( c\rse1 mu* pleas$ ) ?is invitation4 ,a "p ( ! way1 cont9u$ h] aunt1 is by a pa? across ! fields4 ,:ile we are !re y mu/ keep 9 ! pa? all ! "t1 = x ra9$ a little ?is morn+1 & ,i am afraid t ! grass may n be q dry4 ,yes1 ,aunt ,jane2 ,i'll keep 9 ! pa?1 said ,m>y4 ,s !y set out on ! walk toge!r4 ,:5 !y came to ! gate :i* l$ to ! pa? across ! fields1 ,aunt ,jane said1 ,rememb]1 ,m>y1 y mu/ keep 9 ! pa?4 ,m>y said no?+1 b ran =w>d4 ,pretty soon %e began to walk a little on ! m>g9 ( ! grass1 &1 be=e long1 obs]v+ a place :]e ! grass 0 %ort & :]e ! sun %one1 %e ran out boldly ^u x1 & !n1 look+ d[n at h] %oes1 %e obs]v$ t !y 7 n wet4 ,%e held up "o ( h] feet to h] aunt z %e came opposite to ! place1 say+1 ,see1 aunt1 ! grass is n wet at all4 ,i see x is n1 said h] aunt4 ,i ?\ght x w\ld n be wet2 ?\gh ,i 0 n sure b t x might be4 ,b come1 %e add$1 hold+ out h] h&1 ,i h conclud$ n to g to ! village1 aft] all4 ,we are go+ back home4 ,oh1 ,aunt ,jane6 said ,m>y1 foll[+ h] aunt z %e began retrac+ h] /eps along ! pa?4 ,:at is t =8 ,i h alt]$ my m9d1 said h] aunt4 ,:at makes y alt] y\r m9d8 ,by ?is "t ,aunt ,jane _h tak5 hold ( ,m>y's h&1 & !y 7 walk+ toge!r along ! pa? t[>ds home4 ,because y don't obey me1 %e said4 ,:y1 auntie1 said ,m>y1 ! grass 0 n wet at all :]e ,i w5t4 ,no1 said h] aunt1 x 0 p]fectly dry4 ,& x did n d any h>m at all = me to walk ^u x1 said ,m>y4 ,n a bit ( h>m1 said h] aunt4 ,!n :y are y go+ home8 ask$ ,m>y4 ,because y don't obey me1 repli$ h] aunt4 ,y see1 said h] aunt1 !re is "o ?+ ab\t ?is t y don't und]/&1 because y are su* a little girl4 ,y w und]/& x by-&-by1 :5 y gr[ old]2 & ,i don't blame y = n kn[+ x n[1 because y are s "y4 ,:at is x t ,i don't "k8 ask$ ,m>y4 ,i am afraid y w\ld n und]/& x v well if ,i 7 to expla9 x1 repli$ h] aunt4 ,try me1 said ,m>y4 ,well1 y see1 repli$ h] aunt1 ,i don't feel safe ) any *ild t does n obey me4 ,?is "t no h>m 0 done1 because ! grass happ5$ to be dry2 b f>!r on !re 0 a brook4 ,i might h told y n to g ne> ! br9k ( ! brook = fe> ( y\r fall+ 94 ,!n y might h gone1 not)/&+1 if y ?\ght !re 0 no dang]1 j z y w5t out ^u ! grass because y ?\ght x 0 n wet1 not)/&+ my say+ t y mu/ keep 9 ! pa?4 ,s y see ,i nev] feel safe 9 tak+ walks 9 places :]e !re is any dang] ) *ildr5 t ,i c n always dep5d ^u to d exactly :at ,i say4 ,m>y 01 ( c\rse1 n[ ready to make pr(use promises t %e w\ld obey h] aunt 9 future on all occasions & began to beg t %e w\ld cont9ue h] walk to ! village4 ,no1 said h] aunt1 ,i don't ?9k x w\ld be q safe = me to tru/ to y\r promises1 ?\gh ,i h no d\bt y hone/ly mean to keep !m4 ,b y rememb] y promis$ me t y w\ld keep 9 ! pa? :5 we plann$ ?is walk2 & yet :5 ! "t ( temptation came y c\ld n keep ! promise2 b y w le>n4 ,:5 ,i am go+ on "s p]fectly safe walk ,i w take y ) me aga92 & if ,i /ay "h "s "t y w le>n to obey me s p]fectly t ,i c take y ) me to any place1 no matt] h[ dang]\s x may be4 ,aunt ,jane ?us g5tly1 b firmly1 p]si/$ 9 ab&on+ ! walk to ! village1 & return+ home2 b %e imm$iately turn$ ! conv]sation away f ! subject ( ,m>y's fault1 & amus$ h] ) /ories & aid$ h] 9 ga!r+ fl[]s1 j z if no?+ _h happ5$2 & :5 %e arriv$ at home %e said no?+ to any "o ( ,m>y's disob$i5ce4 ,"h n[ 0 puni%m5t calculat$ to make a v /rong impression--b /ill )\t scold+1 )\t ang]1 almo/1 9 fact1 )\t ev5 any manife/ations ( displeasure4 ,& yet h[ long c any reasonable p]son suppose x w\ld be be=e ,m>y w\ld le>n1 if h] aunt act$ inv>iably on ! same pr9ciples1 to submit implicitly to h] w8 ,a ,diff]5t ,managem5t4 ,comp>e ! probable result ( ?is mode ( managem5t ) ! scold+ & ?reat5+ policy4 ,suppose ,aunt ,jane _h call$ to ,m>y angrily1 ,m>y6 ,m>y6 come directly back into ! pa?4 ,i told y n to g out ( ! pa?1 & y are a v naughty *ild to disobey me4 ,! next "t y disobey me 9 t way ,i w s5d y directly home4 ,m>y w\ld h be5 vex$ & irritat$1 p]haps1 & w\ld h said to h]self1 ,h[ cross ,aunt ,jane is to-day6 b ! next "t %e w\ld h be5 z disob$i5t z ev]4 ,if mo!rs1 in/ead ( sc[l+1 scold+1 & ?reat5+ n[1 & putt+ (f do+ ! ?+ t ought to be done to ! next "t1 w\ld d t ?+ at once1 & give up ! sc[l+1 scold+1 & ?reat5+ altoge!r1 !y w\ld f9d all p>ties imm5sely b5efit$ by ! *ange4 ,x is evid5t1 moreov]1 t by ?is mode ( managem5t ! puni%m5t is employ$ n 9 ! way ( retribution1 b z a rem$y4 ,m>y loses h] walk n on ! gr\nd t %e des]v$ to lose x1 b because x 0 n safe to cont9ue x4 ,an ,objection4 ,"s "m may p]haps say1 9 ref]5ce to ! case ( ,m>y & h] aunt1 t x may be all v well 9 !ory1 b t practically mo!rs h n ! leisure & ! means = adopt+ su* mod]ate measures4 ,we c n /op1 %e may say1 e "t we are go+ to ! village1 on important bus9ess p]haps1 & turn back & lose ! aft]noon on acc\nt ( ! wayw>dness ( a disob$i5t *ild4 ,my answ] is t x w n h to be done e "t1 b only v seldom4 ,! effect ( act+ once or twice on ?is pr9ciple1 ) ! c]ta9ty on ! "p ( ! *ild t ! "m or ! aunt w always act s :5 ! occasion calls = x1 v soon puts an end to all necessity = su* action4 ,inde$1 if ,m>y1 9 ! in/ance above giv51 _h be5 manag$ 9 ?is way f infancy1 %e w\ld n h ?\ght ( leav+ ! pa? :5 =bidd5 to d s4 ,x is only 9 "s su* case z t ( an aunt :o kn[s h[ to manage "r1 com+ z a visitor into ! family ( a "m :o manages wrong1 t su* an incid5t z ?is c\ld occur4 ,/ill x mu/ be admitt$ t ! g5tle me?ods ( discipl9e1 :i* reason & common s5se indicate z ! true ones = p]man5tly influ5c+ ! m9ds ( *ildr5 & =m+ _! *>act]s1 d1 9 ea* individual case1 require m "t & c>e ?an ! cuffs & slaps dictat$ by passion4 ,a box on ! e>1 su* z a cat gives to a rebelli\s kitt51 is c]ta9ly ! quicke/ application t c be made4 ,! measures t are calculat$ to rea* & affect ! he>t c n vie ) bl[s & scold+s 9 respect to ! promptness ( _! action4 ,/ill1 ! p>5t or ! tea*] :o w beg9 to act on ! pr9ciples "h recomm5d$ ) *ildr5 :ile !y are "y w f9d t su* me?ods are f> m prompt 9 _! action & m effectual 9 imm$iate results ?an !y w\ld suppose1 & t !y w be ! means ( e/abli%+ ! only k9d ( au?ority t is really wor?y ( ! "n m rapidly ?an any o!r4 ,! special po9t1 h[ev]1 ) a view to :i* ^! illu/rations are introduc$1 is1 z has be5 already rem>k$1 t p5alties ( ?is nature1 & impos$ 9 ?is _s1 are n v9dictive1 b simply rem$ial & re=matory4 ,!y are n int5d$ to satisfy ! s5se ( ju/ice = :at is pa/1 b only to secure great] safety & happ9ess 9 "t to come4 ,! ,elem5t ( ,inv>iabl5ess4 ,puni%m5ts may be v light & g5tle 9 _! "*1 provid$ !y are c]ta9 to foll[ ! (f5se4 ,x is 9 _! c]ta9ty1 & n 9 _! sev]ity1 t ! effici5cy ( !m lies4 ,v few *ildr5 are ev] sev]ely burnt by putt+ _! f+]s into ! flame ( a c&le4 ,!y are effectually taught n to put !m 9 by v slight burn+s1 on acc\nt ( ! absolute inv>iabl5ess ( ! result produc$ by ! contact4 ,mo!rs (t5 d n und]/& ?is4 ,!y attempt to cure "s habitual fault by scold+s & ?reats1 & decl>ations ( :at !y w c]ta9ly d next "t1 & p]haps by occasional acts ( real sev]ity 9 cases ( peculi> aggravation1 in/ead ( a quiet1 g5tle1 & comp>atively trifl+ infliction 9 e in/ance ( ! fault1 :i* w\ld be altoge!r m effectual4 ,a *ild1 = example1 has acquir$ ! habit ( leav+ ! door op54 ,n[ occasionally scold+ him1 :5 x is specially cold1 & n[ & !n %utt+ him up 9 a closet = half an h\r1 w nev] cure him ( ! fault4 ,b if !re 7 an automaton figure /&+ by ! side ( ! door1 to say to him e "t t he came ?r\gh )\t %utt+ x1 ,door6 :i* call %\ld be a signal to him to g back & %ut ! door1 & !n sit d[n 9 a *air ne> by & c\nt t52 & if ?is slight p5alty 0 inv>iably en=c$1 he w\ld be mo/ effectually cur$ ( ! fault 9 a v %ort "t4 ,n[1 ! "m c n be exactly ?is automaton1 = %e c n always be !re2 b %e c recognize ! pr9ciple1 & c>ry x into effect z f> z possible--t is1 inv>iably1 :5 %e is !re4 ,& ?\gh %e w n ?us cure ! boy ( ! fault s soon z ! automaton w\ld d x1 %e w /ill d x v soon4 ,irritation & ,ang]4 ,avoid1 z mu* z possible1 e ?+ ( an irritat+ "* 9 ! puni%m5ts inflict$1 = to irritate frequ5tly ! m9d ( a *ild t5ds1 ( c\rse1 to =m )9 him an irritable & unamiable temp]4 ,x is true1 p]haps1 t x is n possible absolutely to avoid ?is effect ( puni%m5t 9 all cases2 b a great deal may be done to dim9i% ! evil by ! ex]cise ( a little tact & +5uity on ! "p ( ! "m ^: att5tion is once p>ticul>ly direct$ to ! subject4 ,! fir/ & mo/ important measure ( precaution on ?is po9t is ! absolute exclusion ( e ?+ l angry looks & words z accompanim5ts ( puni%m5t4 ,if y f9d t any wrong :i* y\r *ild commits awak5s irritation or ang] 9 y\r m9d1 susp5d y\r judgm5t ( ! case & po/pone all action until ! irritation & ang] h subsid$1 & y c consid] calmly & delib]ately :at to d1 ) a view1 n ( satisfy+ y\r own res5tm5t1 b ( do+ good to ! *ild4 ,!n1 :5 y h decid$ :at to d1 c>ry y\r decision into effect 9 a good-natur$ mann]--firmly & inflexibly--b /ill )\t any viol5ce1 or ev5 h>%ness1 ( mann]4 ,co-op]ation ( ! ,(f5d]4 ,!re are _m cases 9 :i*1 by ! ex]cise ( a little tact & +5uity1 ! p>5t c actually secure ! co-op]ation ( ! *ild 9 ! infliction ( ! puni%m5t prescrib$ = ! cur+ ( a fault4 ,!re are _m advantages 9 ?is1 :5 x c be done4 ,x gives ! *ild an int]e/ 9 cur+ himself ( ! fault2 x makes ! puni%m5t m effectual2 & x removes almo/ all possibility ( its produc+ any irritation or res5tm5t 9 8 m9d4 ,to illu/rate ?is we w give a case4 ,x is ( no consequ5ce1 = ! purpose ( ?is article1 :e!r x is a real or an imag9>y "o4 ,little ,egb]t1 sev5 ye>s old1 _h =m$ ! habit s common among *ildr5 ( wa/+ a great deal ( "t 9 dress+ himself1 s z n to be ready = breakfa/ :5 ! second bell rang4 ,8 "m (f]$ him a rew>d if he w\ld himself devise any plan t w\ld cure him ( ! fault4 ,i don't "k :at to d1 exactly1 to cure y1 %e said2 b if y w ?9k ( any plan t w really succe$1 ,i w give y an excursion 9 a c>riage4 ,h[ f>8 ask$ ,egb]t4 ,t5 miles1 said 8 "m4 ,i w take y 9 a c>riage on an excursion any:]e y say1 = t5 miles1 if y w f9d out "s way to cure y\rself ( ?is fault4 ,i ?9k y ought to puni% me1 said ,egb]t1 speak+ 9 r a timid tone4 ,t's j x1 said 8 "m1 ,x is = y to ?9k ( "s k9d ( puni%m5t t won't be too disagreeable = me to inflict1 & :i* w yet be successful 9 cur+ y ( ! fault4 ,i w all[ y a =tnight to get cur$4 ,if y are n cur$ 9 a =tnight ,i %all ?9k ! puni%m5t is n en\gh1 or t x is n ( a good k9d2 b if x works s well z to cure y 9 a =tnight1 !n y %all h ! ride4 ,egb]t wi%$ to "k :e!r he mu/ ?9k ( ! puni%m5t himself1 or :e!r 8 si/] ,m>y might help him4 ,8 "m gave him leave to ask any body to help him t he pleas$4 ,m>y1 aft] "s reflection1 recomm5d$ t1 :5ev] he 0 n dress$ 9 "t1 he 0 to h only "o lump ( sug>1 in/ead ( f\r1 9 8 tumbl] ( wat] = breakfa/4 ,8 usual dr9k at breakfa/ 0 a tumbl] ( wat]1 ) f\r lumps ( sug> 9 x4 ,! fir/ bell 0 rung at half-pa/ six1 & breakfa/ 0 at half-pa/ sev54 ,8 si/] recomm5d$ t1 z half an h\r 0 ample "t = ! "w ( dress+1 ,egb]t %\ld g d[n e morn+ & report himself ready be=e ! clock /ruck sev54 ,if he fail$ ( ?is1 he 0 to h only "o lump ( sug>1 in/ead ( f\r1 9 8 glass ( wat]4 ,!re 0 "s "q ab\t ! necessity ( requir+ him to be ready be=e sev52 ,egb]t be+ incl9$ to argue t if he 0 ready by breakfa/-"t1 t w\ld be en\gh4 ,b ,m>y said no4 ,to all[ y a full h\r to dress1 %e said1 :5 half an h\r is en\gh1 may answ] v well 9 respect to hav+ y ready = breakfa/1 b x is no way to cure y ( ! fault4 ,t w\ld enable y to play half ( ! "t :ile y are dress+1 )\t incurr+ ! puni%m5t2 b ! way to cure y is to make x sure t y w h ! puni%m5t to be> if y play at all4 ,s x 0 decid$ to all[ only half an h\r = ! dress+-"t4 ,egb]t's "m said %e 0 a little afraid ab\t ! "o lump ( sug> t 0 left to him :5 he fail$4 ,! plan may succe$1 %e said2 ,i am v will+ t y %\ld try x2 b ,i am afraid t :5 y are tempt$ to /op & play 9 ! mid/ ( y\r dress+1 y w say1 ,i %all h "o lump ( sug>1 at any rate1 & s w yield to ! temptation4 ,s p]haps x w\ld be saf] = y to make ! rule t y are n to h any sug> at all :5 y fail4 ,/ill1 p]haps y\r plan w succe$4 ,y c try x & see4 ,i %\ld wi% myself to h ! puni%m5t z slight z possible to produce ! effect4 ,by su* managem5t z ?is1 x is pla9 t ,egb]t is br\ght into actual co-op]ation ) 8 "m 9 ! infliction ( a puni%m5t to cure him ( a fault4 ,x is true1 t mak+ su* an arrangem5t z ?is1 & !n leav+ x to its own work+1 w\ld lead to no result4 ,z 9 ! case ( all o!r plans & me?ods1 x mu/ be /rictly1 firmly1 & p]sev]+ly foll[$ up by ! wat*ful effici5cy ( ! "m4 ,we c n sub/itute ! action ( ! *ild = t ( ! p>5t 9 ! "w ( e>ly tra9+1 b we c (t5 d]ive v great advantage by secur+ 8 coop]ation4 ,playful ,puni%m5ts4 ,s true is x t ! efficacy ( any mode ( puni%m5t consi/s 9 ! c]ta9ty ( its infliction1 t ev5 playful puni%m5ts are 9 _m cases suffici5t to accompli% ! cure ( a fault4 ,george1 = example1 0 9 ! habit ( cont9ually gett+ into disputes & mild qu>rels ) 8 si/] ,amelia1 a ye> or two y\ng] ?an himself4 ,i "k x is v fooli%1 he said to 8 "m1 :5 %e 0 talk+ ) him on ! subject "o ev5+ aft] he _h gone to b$1 & %e _h be5 tell+ him a /ory1 & 8 m9d 0 9 a calm & tranquil /ate4 ,x is v fooli%1 b someh[ ,i c't help x4 ,i =get4 ,!n y mu/ h "s puni%m5t to make y rememb]1 said 8 "m4 ,b sometimes %e is ! "o to blame1 said ,george1 & !n %e mu/ h ! puni%m5t4 ,no1 repli$ 8 "m4 ,:5 a lady & a g5tleman become involv$ 9 a dispute 9 polite society1 x is always ! g5tleman t mu/ be consid]$ to be to blame4 ,b ,amelia & ,i are n polite society1 said ,george4 ,y ought to be1 said 8 "m4 ,at any rate1 :5 y1 an old] bro!r1 get into disputes ) y\r si/]1 x is because y h n s5se en\gh to manage s z to avoid !m4 ,if y 7 a little old] & wis] y w\ld h s5se en\gh4 ,well1 "m1 :at %all ! puni%m5t be8 said ,george4 ,w\ld y really l to h a puni%m5t1 s z to cure y\rself ( ! fault8 ask$ 8 "m4 ,george said t he w\ld l "o4 ,!n1 said 8 "m1 ,i propose t e "t y get into a dispute ) ,amelia1 y turn y\r jacket wrong side out1 & we> x s a little :ile z a symbol ( folly4 ,george laugh$ he>tily at ?is idea1 & said he %\ld l su* a puni%m5t z t v mu*4 ,x w\ld only be fun1 he said4 ,8 "m expla9$ to him t x w\ld be fun1 p]haps1 two or ?ree times1 b aft] t x w\ld only be a tr\ble2 b /ill1 if !y decid$ ^u t z a puni%m5t1 he mu/ submit to x 9 e case4 ,e "t he f\nd himself gett+ into any dispute or difficulty ) 8 si/]1 he mu/ /op at once & turn 8 jacket inside out2 & if he did n himself ?9k to d ?is1 %e h]self1 if %e 0 )9 he>+1 w\ld simply say1 ,jacket6 & !n he mu/ d x4 ,no matt] :i* ( u is mo/ to blame8 ask$ ,george4 ,y w always be ! "o t is mo/ to blame1 repli$ 8 "m1 or1 at lea/1 almo/ always4 ,:5 a boy is play+ ) a si/] y\ng] ?an himself1 he is ! "o t is mo/ to blame = ! qu>rell+4 ,8 si/] may be to blame by do+ some?+ wrong 9 ! fir/ in/ance2 b he is ! "o to blame = all[+ x to lead to a qu>rel4 ,if x is a little ?+1 he ought to yield to h]1 & n to m9d x2 & if x is a great ?+1 he ought to g away & leave h]1 r ?an to /op & qu>rel ab\t x4 ,s y see y w be ! "o to blame = ! qu>rel 9 almo/ all cases4 ,!re may possibly be "s cases :]e y w n be to blame at all1 & !n y w h to be puni%$ :5 y don't des]ve x1 & y mu/ be> x l a man4 ,?is is a liability t happ5s "u all sy/ems4 ,we w try ! plan = "o =tnight1 %e cont9u$4 ,s n[ rememb]1 e s+le "t t ,i he> y disput+ or qu>rell+ ) ,amelia1 y mu/ take (f y\r jacket & put x on aga9 wrong side out--no matt] :e!r y ?9k y 7 to blame or n--& we> x s a few m9utes4 ,y c we> x s = a long] or %ort] "t1 j z y ?9k is be/ to make ! puni%m5t effectual 9 cur+ y ( ! fault4 ,by ! end ( ! =tnight we %all be able to see :e!r ! plan is work+ well & do+ any good4 ,s n[1 cont9u$ 8 "m1 %ut up y\r eyes & g to sleep4 ,y are a good boy to wi% to cure y\rself ( su* faults1 & to be will+ to help me 9 contriv+ ways to d x4 ,& ,i h no d\bt t y w submit to ?is puni%m5t good-natur$ly e "t1 & n make me any tr\ble ab\t x4 ,let x be rememb]$1 n[1 t ! efficacy ( su* managem5t z ?is consi/s n 9 ! devis+ ( x1 nor 9 hold+ su* a conv]sation z ! above ) ! boy--salut>y z ?is might be--b 9 ! fai?fulness & /rictness ) :i* x is foll[$ up dur+ ! =tnight ( trial4 ,9 ! case 9 "q1 ! progress :i* ,george made 9 dim9i%+ 8 t5d5cy to get into disputes ) 8 si/] 0 s great t 8 "m told him1 at ! end ( ! fir/ =tnight1 t _! plan _h succe$$ admirably--s mu* s1 %e said1 t %e ?\ght ! puni%m5t ( tak+ (f 8 jacket & turn+ x inside out w\ld be = ! future unnecess>ily sev]e1 & %e propos$ to sub/itute = x tak+ (f 8 cap1 & putt+ x on wrong side be=e4 ,! read] w1 ( c\rse1 und]/& t ! object ( su* an illu/ration z ?is is n to recomm5d ! p>ticul> measure "h describ$ = adoption 9 o!r cases1 b to illu/rate ! _s & temp] ( m9d 9 :i* all measures adopt$ by ! "m 9 ! tra9+ ( h] *ildr5 %\ld be c>ri$ into effect4 ,measures t involve no ?reats1 no scold+1 no angry manife/ations ( displeasure1 b are ev5 playful 9 _! "*1 may be v effici5t 9 action if !y are firmly & p]sev]+ly ma9ta9$4 ,puni%m5ts t are ! ,natural ,consequ5ce ( ! ,(f5se4 ,!re is great advantage 9 adapt+ ! "* ( ! puni%m5t to t ( ! fault--mak+ x1 z f> z possible1 ! natural & prop] consequ5ce ( x4 ,= in/ance1 if ! boys ( a s*ool d n come 9 promptly at ! close ( ! tw5ty m9utes' recess1 b wa/e five m9utes by _! dilator9ess 9 obey+ ! summons ( ! bell1 & ! tea*] keeps !m = five m9utes beyond ! usual h\r ( dismissal1 to make up = ! lo/ "t1 ! puni%m5t may be felt by !m to be des]v$1 & x may h a good effect 9 dim9i%+ ! evil x is int5d$ to rem$y2 b x w probably excite a consid]able degree ( m5tal irritation1 if n ( res5tm5t1 on ! "p ( ! *ildr51 :i* w dim9i% ! good effect1 or is1 at any rate1 an evil :i* is to be avoid$ if possible4 ,if n[1 on ! o!r h&1 he assigns precisely ! same p5alty 9 ano!r =m1 ! :ole ( ! good effect may be secur$ )\t ! evil4 ,suppose he addresses ! boys j be=e !y are to g out at ! next recess1 z foll[s3 ,i ?9k1 boys1 t tw5ty m9utes is ab\t ! "r l5g? ( "t = ! recess1 all told--t is1 f ! "t y g out to ! "t :5 y are all back 9 y\r seats aga91 quiet & ready to resume y\r /udies4 ,i f\nd ye/]day t x took five m9utes = y all to come 9--t is1 t x 0 five m9utes f ! "t ! bell 0 rung be=e all 7 9 _! seats2 & to-day ,i %all r+ ! bell aft] fifte5 m9utes1 s z to give y "t to come 94 ,if ,i f9d to-day t x takes t5 m9utes1 !n ,i w give y m "t to come 9 to-morr[1 by r++ ! bell aft] y h be5 out t5 m9utes4 ,i am sorry to h y lose s mu* ( y\r recess1 & if y c make ! "t = com+ 9 %ort]1 !n1 ( c\rse1 y\r recess c be long]4 ,i %\ld n wond] if1 aft] a few trials1 y %\ld f9d t y c\ld all come 9 & get into y\r places 9 "o m9ute2 & if s1 ,i %all be v glad1 = !n y c h an un9t]rupt$ recess ( n9ete5 m9utes1 :i* w be a great ga94 ,e "o :o has _h any consid]able exp]i5ce 9 ! managem5t ( boys w readily und]/& h[ diff]5t ! effect ( ?is measure w be f t ( ! o!r1 :ile yet ! p5alty is 9 bo? cases precisely ! same--namely1 ! loss1 = ! boys1 ( five m9utes ( _! play4 ,! ,little ,runaway4 ,9 ! same mann]1 :]e a *ild ?ree or f\r ye>s old 0 9 ! habit1 :5 all[$ to g out by himself 9 ! y>d to play1 ( runn+ (f into ! /reet1 a v appropriate puni%m5t w\ld be to require him1 = ! rema9d] ( ! day1 to /ay 9 ! h\se & keep 9 sight ( 8 "m1 on ! gr\nd t x 0 n safe to tru/ him by himself 9 ! y>d4 ,?is w\ld be mu* bett] ?an s5d+ him to b$ an h\r e>li]1 or subject+ him to any o!r inconv5i5ce or privation hav+ no obvi\s connection ) ! fault4 ,= x is ( ! greate/ importance to avoid1 by e means1 ! excit+ ( feel+s ( irritation & res5tm5t 9 ! m9d ( ! *ild1 s f> z x is possible to d ?is )\t impair+ ! effici5cy ( ! puni%m5t4 ,x is n always possible to d ?is4 ,! effici5cy ( ! puni%m5t is1 ( c\rse1 ! ess5tial ?+2 b p>5ts & tea*]s :o turn _! att5tion to ! po9t w f9d t x is mu* less difficult ?an "o w\ld suppose to secure ?is end completely )\t produc+ ! too frequ5t accompanim5ts ( puni%m5t--ang]1 ill-temp]1 & ill-w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,x ,,is ,,n ,,safe ,9 ! case1 = example1 ( ! *ild n all[$ to g out into ! y>d1 b requir$ to rema9 9 ! h\se 9 sight ( 8 "m1 ! "m %\ld n try to make ! puni%m5t m heavy by speak+ aga9 & aga9 ( 8 fault1 & ev9c+ h] displeasure by try+ to make ! conf9em5t z irksome to ! *ild z possible2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 %\ld d all 9 h] p[] to alleviate x4 ,i am v sorry1 %e might say1 to h to keep y 9 ! h\se4 ,x w\ld be mu* pleasant] = y to g out & play 9 ! y>d1 if x 0 only safe4 ,i don't blame y v mu* = runn+ away4 ,x is :at fooli% little *ildr51 z little z y1 v (t5 d4 ,i suppose y ?\ght x w\ld be good fun to run out a little way 9 ! /reet4 ,& x is good fun2 b x is n safe4 ,by-&-by1 :5 y gr[ a little l>g]1 y won't be s fooli%1 & !n ,i c tru/ y 9 ! y>d at any "t )\t hav+ to wat* y at all4 ,& n[ :at c ,i get = y to amuse y :ile y /ay 9 ! h\se ) me8 ,puni%m5t com+ 9 ?is way1 & adm9i/]$ 9 ?is _s1 w irritate ! m9d & injure ! temp] comp>atively little2 &1 in/ead ( be+ less2 w be mu* m effective 9 accompli%+ ! "r k9d ( cure = ! fault1 ?an any /]n1 sev]e1 & v9dictive retribution c possibly be4 ,! ,"q ( ,corporal ,puni%m5t4 ,! "q ( resort+ to corporal puni%m5t 9 ! tra9+ ( ! "y has be5 mu*1 v mu*1 argu$ & discuss$ on bo? sides by writ]s on education2 b x seems to me to be ma9ly a "q ( compet5cy & skill4 ,if ! p>5t or tea*] has tact or skill en\gh1 & practical k en\gh ( ! work+s ( ! y\?ful m9d1 he c ga9 all ! necess>y asc5d5cy ov] x )\t resort to ! viol5t infliction ( bodily pa9 9 any =m4 ,if he has n ^! qualities1 !n he mu/ turn to ! next be/ means at 8 disposal2 = x is bett] t a *ild %\ld be tra9$ & gov]n$ by ! rod ?an n tra9$ & gov]n$ at all4 ,i d n suppose t savages c\ld possibly control _! *ildr5 )\t bl[s2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 ,m>ia ,edgewor? w\ld h br\ght "u complete submission to h] w a family ( ! mo/ ard5t & impulsive juv5iles1 p]haps )\t ev5 a h>% ^w or a fr[n4 ,if a "m beg9s ) *ildr5 at ! beg9n+1 is j & true 9 all h] deal+s ) !m1 g5tle 9 mann]1 b inflexibly firm 9 act1 & looks con/antly = ,div9e guidance & aid 9 h] consci5ti\s ef=ts to d h] duty1 ,i feel q confid5t t x w nev] be necess>y = h] to /rike !m4 ,! necessity may1 h[ev]1 soon] or lat] come1 = aught ,i "k1 9 ! case ( ^? :o act on ! contr>y pr9ciple4 ,"u su* managem5t1 ! rod may come to be ! only alt]native to absolute unmanageabl5ess & an>*y4 ,!re w be occasion1 h[ev]1 to ref] to ?is subject m fully 9 a future *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,rew>d+ ,,ob$i5ce4 ,! mode ( action describ$ 9 ! la/ two *apt]s = tra9+ *ildr5 to habits ( ob$i5ce consi/$ 9 disc\rag+ disob$i5ce by connect+ "s c]ta91 ?\gh mild & g5tle disadvantage1 inconv5i5ce1 or p5alty1 ) e transgression4 ,9 ?is *apt] is to be consid]$ ano!r mode1 :i* is 9 "s respects ! conv]se ( ! fir/1 inasmu* z x consi/s 9 ! enc\ragem5t ( ob$i5ce1 by (t5--n necess>ily always--connect+ ) x "s advantage1 or ga91 or pleasure2 or1 z x may be /at$ summ>ily1 ! cauti\s enc\ragem5t ( ob$i5ce by rew>ds4 ,?is me?od ( action is m difficult ?an ! o!r 9 ! s5se t x requires m skill1 tact1 & delicacy ( p]ception & discrim9ation to c>ry x successfully into effect4 ,! o!r dem&s only firm1 b g5tle & /eady p]si/5ce4 ,if ! p5alty1 h[ev] slight x may be1 always comes1 ! effect w take c>e ( itself4 ,b judici\sly to adm9i/] a sy/em ( rew>ds1 or ev5 ( comm5dations1 requires tact1 discrim9ation1 & skill4 ,x requires "s obs]vation ( ! peculi> *>act]i/ics ( ! diff]5t m9ds act$ ^u1 & ( ! effects produc$1 & (t5 "s intellig5t modification ( ! measures is requir$1 to fit !m to v>y+ circum/ances & times4 ,ob$i5ce mu/ n be ,b\ght4 ,if ! be/[+ ( comm5dation & rew>ds is made a matt] ( m]e bl9d r\t9e1 z ! assign+ ( g5tle p5alties may be1 ! result w become a m]e sy/em ( brib+1 or r pay+ *ildr5 to be good2 & goodness t is b\ght1 if x des]ves ! "n ( virtue at all1 is c]ta9ly virtue ( a v inf]ior quality4 ,:e!r a rew>d conf]r$ = ob$i5ce %all op]ate z a bribe1 or r z a price paid--= a bribe1 /rictly speak+1 is a price paid1 n = do+ "r1 b = do+ wrong--dep5ds sometimes on v slight diff]5ces 9 ! managem5t ( ! p>ticul> case--diff]5ces :i* an undiscrim9at+ "m w n be v ready to appreciate4 ,a "m1 = example1 go+ into ! village on a summ] aft]noon1 leaves h] *ildr5 play+ 9 ! y>d1 "u ! g5]al *>ge ( ,susan1 :o is at "w 9 ! kit*51 :5ce %e c obs]ve !m f "t to "t ?r\gh ! op5 w9d[4 ,%e ?9ks ! *ildr5 w be safe1 provid$ !y rema9 9 ! y>d4 ,! only ?+ to be gu>d$ aga9/ is ! dang] t !y may g out ?r\gh ! gate into ! road4 ,two ,diff]5t ,modes ( ,managem5t4 ,"u "s circum/ances1 z1 = example1 :]e ! dang] to :i* !y w\ld be expos$ 9 go+ into ! road 0 v great1 or :]e ! "m c n rely ^u h] p[] to control h] *ildr5's conduct by moral means 9 any way1 ! only safe me?od w\ld be to fa/5 ! gate4 ,b if %e pref]s to dep5d = _! safety on _! volunt>y ob$i5ce to h] comm&s1 & wi%es1 moreov]1 to promote ! _s ( ob$i5ce by rew>d+ r ?an puni%+1 %e c make h] rew>ds ( ! nature ( hire or n1 accord+ to h] mode ( managem5t4 ,if %e wi%es to hire ob$i5ce1 %e has only to say to ! *ildr5 t %e is go+ into ! village = a little "t1 & t !y may play 9 ! y>d :ile %e is gone1 b mu/ n g out ( ! gate2 add+1 t %e is go+ to br+ home "s oranges or c&ies1 :i* %e w give !m if %e f9ds t !y h obey$ h]1 b :i* %e w n give !m if !y h disobey$4 ,su* a promise1 provid$ ! *ildr5 h ! d\ble confid5ce 9 _! "m :i* su* a me?od requires--namely1 fir/1 a full belief t %e w really br+ home ! promis$ rew>ds1 if !y obey h]2 & secondly--& ?is is a confid5ce mu* less frequ5tly felt by *ildr51 & mu* less frequ5tly des]v$ by _! mo!rs--a conviction t1 9 case !y disobey1 no importunities on _! "p or promises = ! next "t w induce _! "m to give !m ! good ?+s1 b t ! rew>ds w c]ta9ly be lo/ to !m unless !y are des]v$1 accord+ to ! conditions ( ! promise--9 su* a case--t is1 :5 ?is d\ble confid5ce exi/s1 ! promise w h great influ5ce ^u ! *ildr54 ,/ill1 x is1 9 its nature1 hir+ !m to obey4 ,i d n say t ?is is necess>ily a bad plan1 ?\gh ,i ?9k !re is a bett]4 ,*ildr5 may1 p]haps1 be tra9$ gradually to habits ( ob$i5ce by a sy/em ( direct rew>ds1 & 9 a mann]1 too1 f> m agreeable to ! p>5t & bett] = ! *ild ?an by a sy/em ( compulsion ?r\gh ?reats & puni%m5t4 ,! ,me?od ( ,indirect ,rew>d+4 ,b !re is ano!r way ( connect+ pleasurable ideas & associations ) submission to p>5tal au?ority 9 ! m9ds ( *ildr51 z a means ( allur+ !m to ! habit ( ob$i5ce--"o t is bo? m effici5t 9 its results & m heal?ful & salut>y 9 its action ?an ! practice ( be/[+ direct recomp5ses & rew>ds4 ,suppose1 = example1 9 ! case above describ$1 ! "m1 on leav+ ! *ildr51 simply gives !m ! comm& t !y are n to leave ! y>d1 b makes no promises1 & !n1 on return+ f ! village ) ! bonbons 9 h] bag1 simply asks ,susan1 :5 %e comes 91 :e!r ! *ildr5 h obey$ h] injunction n to leave ! y>d4 ,if ,susan says yes1 %e nods to !m1 ) a look ( satisfaction & pleasure1 & adds3 ,i ?\ght !y w\ld obey me4 ,i am v glad4 ,n[ ,i c tru/ !m aga94 ,!n1 by-&-by1 t[>ds ! close ( ! day1 p]haps1 & :5 ! *ildr5 suppose t ! affair is =gott51 %e takes an opportunity to call !m to h]1 say+ t %e has some?+ to tell !m4 ,y rememb] :5 ,i w5t to ! village to-day1 ,i left y 9 ! y>d & said t y mu/ n g out ( ! gate1 & y obey$4 ,p]haps y w\ld h lik$ to g out into ! road & play !re1 b y w\ld n g because ,i _h =bidd5 x4 ,i am v glad t y obey$4 ,i ?\ght ( y :5 ,i 0 9 ! village1 & ,i ?\ght y w\ld obey me4 ,i felt q safe ab\t y4 ,if y _h be5 disob$i5t *ildr51 ,i %\ld h felt uneasy & anxi\s4 ,b ,i felt safe4 ,:5 ,i _h f9i%$ my %opp+1 ,i ?\ght ,i w\ld buy y "s bonbons1 & "h !y are4 ,y c g & sit d[n toge!r on ! c>pet & divide !m4 ,m>y c *oose "o1 & !n ,jane2 !n ,m>y1 & !n ,jane aga92 & s on until !y are all *os54 ,diff]5ce 9 ! ,"* ( ! ,effects4 ,x may1 p]haps1 be said by ! read] t ?is is sub/antially ! same z giv+ a direct rew>d = ! ob$i5ce4 ,i admit t x is 9 "s s5se sub/antially ! same ?+1 b x is n ! same 9 =m4 ,& ?is is "o ( ^? cases :]e ! effect is modifi$ v greatly by ! =m4 ,:]e *ildr5 are directly promis$ a rew>d if !y d s & s1 !y naturally reg>d ! transaction z ( ! nature ( a contract or a b>ga91 su* t :5 !y h fulfill$ ! conditions on _! "p ! rew>d is _! due1 z1 inde$1 x really is2 & !y come & dem& x z su*4 ,! t5d5cy1 !n1 is1 to dive/ _! m9ds ( all s5se ( obligation 9 respect to do+ "r1 & to make !m feel t x is 9 "s s5se optional ) !m :e!r to d "r & e>n ! rew>d1 or n to d "r & lose x4 ,9 ! case1 h[ev]1 la/ describ$1 :i* seems at fir/ view to diff] only 9 =m f ! prec$+ "o1 ! comm5dation & ! bonbons w\ld be s connect$ ) ! act ( ob$i5ce z to associate v agreeable ideas ) x 9 ! *ildr5's m9ds1 & ?us to make do+ "r appe> attractive to !m on future occasions1 :ile1 at ! same "t1 !y w\ld n 9 any degree deprive ! act itself ( its spontane\s "*1 z result+ f a s5se ( duty on _! "p1 or produce ! impression on _! m9ds t _! rema9+ )9 ! gate 0 ( ! nature ( a s]vice r5d]$ to _! "m = hire1 & aft]w>ds duly paid =4 ,! lesson :i* we d$uce f ?is illu/ration & ! consid]ations connect$ ) x may be /at$ z foll[s3 ,! ,g5]al ,pr9ciple4 ,t ! rew>ds conf]r$ ^u *ildr5 ) a view ( connect+ pleasurable ideas & associations ) good conduct %\ld n take ! =m ( comp5sations /ipulat$ = be=eh&1 & !n conf]r$ accord+ to agreem5t1 z if !y 7 ( ! nature ( paym5t = a s]vice r5d]$1 b %\ld come z ! natural expression ( ! satisfaction & happ9ess felt by ! "m 9 ! good conduct ( h] *ild--expressions z free & spontane\s on h] "p z ! good conduct 0 on ! "p ( ! *ild4 ,! "m :o und]/&s ! full import ( ?is pr9ciple1 & ^: m9d becomes fully possess$ ( x1 w f9d x con/antly com+ into practical use 9 a ?\s& ways4 ,%e has und]tak51 = example1 to tea* h] little son to read4 ,( c\rse le>n+ to read is irksome to him4 ,he dislikes extremely to leave 8 play & come to take 8 lesson4 ,sometimes a "m is inconsid]ate en\gh to be pa9$ at ?is4 ,%e is tr\bl$ to f9d t h] boy takes s little int]e/ 9 s useful a "w1 & ev51 p]haps1 scolds him1 & ?reat5s him = n lov+ /udy4 ,if y don't le>n to read1 %e says to him1 9 a tone ( irritation & displeasure1 y w gr[ up a dunce1 & e body w laugh at y1 & y w be a%am$ to be se54 ,*ildr5's ,difficulties4 ,b let h] imag9e t %e h]self 0 to be call$ away two or ?ree times a day1 = half an h\r1 to /udy ,*9ese1 ) a v exact+ tea*]1 always m or less impati5t & dissatisfi$ ) h] progress2 & yet ! irksom5ess & difficulty = ! "m1 9 le>n+ to deciph] ,*9ese1 w\ld be z no?+ comp>$ ) t ( ! *ild 9 le>n+ to read4 ,! only ?+ t c\ld make ! "w ev5 tol]able to ! "m w\ld be a pretty ne>1 di/9ct1 & c]ta9 prospect ( go+ to ,*9a "u circum/ances t w\ld make ! k ( great advantage to h]4 ,b ! *ild has no su* ne>1 di/9ct1 & c]ta9 prospect ( ! advantages ( kn[+ h[ to read4 ,he has sc>cely any idea ( ^! advantages at all4 ,y c describe !m to him1 b ! description w h no p]ceptible effect ^u 8 m9d4 ,^? faculties by :i* we br+ ! future vividly be=e u s z to influ5ce our pres5t action1 are n yet develop$4 ,8 c]ebral organization has n yet advanc$ to t condition1 any m ?an 8 bones h advanc$ to ! h>dness1 rigidness1 & /r5g? ( manhood4 ,8 m9d is only capable ( be+ influ5c$ /rongly by :at is pres5t1 or1 at lea/1 v ne>4 ,x is ! design ( ,div9e ,provid5ce t ?is %\ld be s4 ,! *ild is n made to look =w>d mu* yet1 & ! "m :o is pa9$ & di/ress$ because he w n look =w>d1 %[s a great ignorance ( ! nature ( ! infantile m9d1 & ( ! mann] ( its developm5t4 ,if %e f9ds fault ) h] boy = n feel+ di/9ctly en\gh ! future advantages ( le>n+ to lead him to love /udy n[1 %e is simply f9d+ fault ) a boy = n be+ possess$ ( ! mo/ sl[ly develop$ faculties ( a man4 ,! way1 !n1 to induce *ildr5 to att5d to su* duties z le>n+ to read1 is n to reason ) !m on ! advantages ( x1 b to put x simply on ! gr\nd ( au?ority4 ,x is v irksome1 ,i "k1 b y mu/ d x4 ,:5 y are at play1 & hav+ a v pleasant "t1 ,i "k v well t x is h>d = y to be call$ away to puzzle ov] y\r lett]s & y\r read+4 ,x 0 v h>d = me :5 ,i 0 a *ild4 ,x is v h>d = all *ildr52 b !n x mu/ be done4 ,! way 9 ?is1 z 9 all o!r simil> cases1 to r$uce ! irksom5ess ( disagreeable duties to a m9imum is n to attempt to conv9ce or p]suade ! *ild1 b to put ! p]=mance ( !m simply on ! gr\nd ( submission to au?ority4 ,! *ild mu/ leave 8 play & come to take 8 lesson1 n because he sees t x is bett] = him to le>n to read ?an to play all ! "t1 nor because he is to receive a rew>d 9 ! =m ( comp5sation1 b because 8 "m requires him to d x4 ,indirect ,rew>d+4 ,if1 !re=e1 %e concludes1 9 ord] to connect agreeable ideas ) ! h>d "w ( le>n+ to read1 t %e w (t51 at ! close ( ! lessons1 tell him a little /ory1 or %[ him a picture1 or h a frolic ) him1 or give him a piece ( c&y or a lump ( sug>1 or be/[ ^u him any o!r little gratification1 x is bett] n to promise ^! ?+s be=eh&1 s z to give to ! com+ ( ! *ild1 :5 call$1 ! "* ( a s]vice r5d]$ = hire4 ,let him come simply because he is call$2 & !n let ! gratifications be be/[$ z ! expressions ( 8 "m's satisfaction & happ9ess1 9 view ( h] boy's ready ob$i5ce to h] comm&s & fai?ful p]=mance ( 8 duty4 ,ob$i5ce1 ?\gh ,implicit1 ne$ n be ,bl9d4 ,x mu/ n be suppos$ f :at has be5 said t because a "m is n to rely ^u ! reason & =eca/ ( ! *ild 9 respect to future advantages to accrue f ef=ts or sacrifices z motives ( pres5t action1 t %e is n to employ ! influ5ce ( ^! motives at all4 ,x is true t ^? faculties ( ! m9d by :i* we appreh5d di/ant ?+s & gov]n our conduct by !m are n yet develop$ 9 ! *ild2 b !y are to be develop$1 & ! aid ( ! p>5t w be ( ! greate/ s]vice 9 promot+ ! developm5t ( !m4 ,at prop] times1 !n1 ! pleasures & advantages ( kn[+ h[ to read %\ld be describ$ to ! *ild1 & pres5t$ moreov] 9 ! mo/ attractive =m4 ,! prop] "t = do+ ?is w\ld be :5 no lesson is 9 "q-- dur+ a ride or a walk1 or 9 ! mid/ ( a /ory1 or :ile look+ at a book ( pictures4 ,a mo/ improp] "t w\ld be :5 a comm& _h be5 giv5 & 0 disreg>d$1 or 0 reluctantly obey$2 = !n su* repres5tations w\ld only t5d to enfeeble ! pr9ciple ( au?ority by br++ 9 ! influ5ce ( reason+s & p]suasions to make up = its ackn[l$g$ ineffici5cy4 ,x is "o ( ^? cases :]e a =ce is weak5$ by re9=cem5t--z a plant1 by be+ long held up by a /ake1 comes 9 ! end n to be able to /& alone4 ,s a "m c n 9 any way m effectually und]m9e h] au?ority1 z au?ority1 ?an by attempt+ to eke out its =ce by argum5ts & coax+s4 ,au?ority n to be made ,oppressive4 ,:ile ! p>5t mu/ ?us take c>e to e/abli% ! pr9ciple ( au?ority z ! gr\nd ( ob$i5ce on ! "p ( 8 *ildr51 & mu/ n make _! do+ :at he requires any ! less acts ( ob$i5ce1 ?r\gh va9ly attempt+ to dim9i% ! h>d%ip ( obey+ a comm& by m+l+ ! influ5ce ( reason+s & p]suasions ) x1 he may 9 o!r ways d all 9 8 p[]--& t w be a great deal--to make ! acts ( ob$i5ce easy1 or1 at lea/1 to dim9i% ! difficulty ( !m & ! sev]ity ( ! trial :i* !y (t5 br+ to ! *ild4 ,"o mode by :i* ?is may be done is by n spr++ disagreeable obligations ^u a *ild sudd5ly1 b by giv+ 8 m9d a little "t to =m itself to ! idea ( :at is to come4 ,:5 ,johnny & ,m>y are play+ toge!r happily ) _! blocks ^u ! floor1 & are1 p]haps1 j complet+ a t[] :i* !y h be5 build+1 if _! "m comes sudd5ly into ! room1 ann\nces to !m abruptly t x is "t = !m to g to b$1 ?r[s d[n ! t[] & bru%es ! blocks into ! basket1 & !n hurries ! *ildr5 away to ! undress+1 %e gives a sudd5 & pa9ful %ock to _! :ole n]v\s sy/em1 & greatly increases ! disappo9tm5t & pa9 :i* !y exp]i5ce 9 be+ oblig$ to give up _! play4 ,! delay ( a s+le m9ute w\ld be suffici5t to br+ _! m9ds r\nd easily & g5tly into submission to ! necessity ( ! case4 ,if %e comes to !m ) a smile1 looks ^u _! "w a mom5t ) an expression ( int]e/ & pleasure ^u h] c\nt5ance1 & !n says1 ,x is b$-"t1 *ildr51 b ,i w\ld l to see y f9i% y\r t[]4 ,"o m9ute ( delay l ?is1 to s(t5 ! sudd5ness ( ! transition1 w make ! act ( submission to ! necessity ( giv+ up play & go+ to b$1 9 ob$i5ce to ! "m's comm&1 comp>atively easy1 in/ead ( be+1 z x v likely w\ld o!rwise h be51 extremely vexati\s & pa9ful4 ,give a ,little ,"t4 ,9 ! same way1 9 br++ to a close an ev5+ p>ty ( *ildr5 at play1 if ! lady ( ! h\se comes a little be=e ! "t & says to !m t aft] "o m play1 or two m plays1 z ! case may be1 ! p>ty mu/ come to an end1 ! clos+ ( x w\ld be made easy2 :ile by wait+ till ! h\r _h come1 & !n sudd5ly int]rupt+ ! gayety1 p]haps 9 ! middle ( a game1 by ! abrupt ann\ncem5t to ! *ildr5 t ! clock has /ruck1 & !y mu/ /op _! plays & beg9 to get ready to g home1 %e br+s ^u !m a sudd5 %ock ( pa9ful surprise1 disappo9tm5t1 &1 p]haps1 irritation4 ,s1 if *ildr5 are to be call$ away f _! play = any purpose :atev]1 x is always be/ to give !m a little notice1 if x be only a mom5t's notice1 be=eh&4 ,john1 9 a m9ute or two ,i %all wi% y to g & get "s wood4 ,y c be gett+ y\r ?+s ready to be left4 ,m>y1 x is almo/ "t = y\r lesson4 ,y _h bett] put ,dolly to sleep & lay h] 9 ! cradle4 ,boys1 9 t5 m9utes x w be "t = y to g to s*ool4 ,s d n beg9 any new :i/les1 b only f9i% :at y h begun4 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 if boys are at play 9 ! op5 air--at ball1 or skat+1 or fly+ kites--& are to be recall$ by a bell1 ob$i5ce to ! call w be made mu* m easy to !m by a prelim9>y signal1 z a w>n+1 giv5 five m9utes be=e ! "t4 ,( c\rse1 x w n always be conv5i5t to give ^! signals & ^! times ( prep>ation4 ,nor w x be always necess>y to give !m4 ,to det]m9e h[ & 9 :at cases x is be/ to apply ! pr9ciple "h expla9$ w require "s tact & good judgm5t on ! "p ( ! p>5t4 ,x w\ld be folly to lay d[n a rigid rule ( ?is k9d to be consid]$ z always obligatory4 ,all t is desirable is t ! "m %\ld und]/& ! pr9ciple1 & t %e %\ld apply x z f> z %e conv5i5tly & easily c d s4 ,%e w f9d 9 practice t :5 %e once appreciates ! value ( x1 & obs]ves its k9d & b5efic5t work+1 %e w f9d x conv5i5t & easy to apply x f> m g5]ally ?an %e w\ld suppose4 ,no weak5+ ( ,au?ority 9 ?is4 ,x is v pla9 t s(t5+ ?us ! h>d%ip = ! *ild ( any act ( ob$i5ce requir$ ( him by giv+ him a little "t implies no abatem5t ( ! au?ority ( ! p>5t1 nor does x detract at all f ! implicitness ( ! ob$i5ce on ! "p ( ! *ild4 ,! submission to au?ority is z complete 9 do+ a ?+ 9 five m9utes if ! ord] 0 to d x 9 five m9utes1 z 9 do+ x at once if ! ord] 0 to d x at once4 ,& ! "m mu/ take great c>e1 :5 ?us try+ to make ob$i5ce m easy by all[+ "t1 t x %\ld be prompt & absolute :5 ! "t has expir$4 ,! idea is1 t ?\gh ! p>5t is b\nd fully to ma9ta9 8 au?ority ov] 8 *ildr51 9 all its =ce1 he is also b\nd to make ! ex]cise ( x z little irksome & pa9ful to !m z possible1 & to prev5t z mu* z possible ! pressure ( x f encroa*+ ^u _! juv5ile joys4 ,he mu/ insi/ inexorably on be+ obey$2 b he is b\nd to d all 9 8 p[] to make ! yoke ( ob$i5ce light & easily to be borne4 ,influ5ce on ! heal?ful ,developm5t ( ! ,bra94 ,inde$1 besides ! be>+ ( ^! views on ! happ9ess ( ! *ildr51 x is n at all improbable t ! "q ( heal? may be s]i\sly involv$ 9 !m4 ,=1 h[ev] c]ta9 we may be ( ! immat]iality ( ! s\l 9 its ess5ce1 x is a p]fectly well e/abli%$ fact t all its op]ations & functions1 z an animat+ _s 9 ! human body1 are fulfill$ ?r\gh ! work+s ( mat]ial organs 9 ! bra92 t ^! organs are 9 *ildhood 9 an exce$+ly immature1 t5d]1 & delicate condition2 & t all sudd51 %>p1 &1 especially1 pa9ful emotions1 greatly excite1 & sometimes cruelly irritate !m4 ,:5 we consid] h[ s]i\sly ! action ( ! dige/ive organs1 9 p]sons 9 an ord9>y /ate ( heal?1 is (t5 int]f]$ ) by m5tal anxiety or di/ress2 h[ frequ5tly1 9 p]sons subject to heada*es1 ! p>oxysm is br\ght on by worry+s or p]plexities endur$ incid5tally on ! prec$+ day2 & especially h[ (t5 viol5t & pa9ful emotions1 :5 !y are extreme1 result 9 decid$ & sometimes 9 p]man5t & hopeless insanity--t is1 9 an irrep>able damage to "s delicate me*anism 9 ! bra9--we %all see t !re is e reason = suppos+ t all sudd5 %ocks to ! n]v\s sy/em ( *ildr51 all viol5t & pa9ful excitem5ts1 all vexations & irritations1 & ebullitions ( ill-temp] & ang]1 h a t5d5cy to di/urb ! heal?y developm5t ( ! c]ebral organs1 & may1 9 _m cases1 s]i\sly affect ! future heal? & welf>e1 z well z ! pres5t happ9ess1 ( ! *ild4 ,x is true t m5tal di/urbances & agitations ( ?is k9d c n be :olly avoid$4 ,b !y %\ld be avoid$ z f> z possible2 & ! mo/ effici5t means = avoid+ !m is a firm1 ?\gh calm & g5tle1 e/abli%m5t & ma9t5ance ( p>5tal au?ority1 & n1 z _m mo!rs v mi/ak+ly imag9e1 by unreasonable indulg5ces1 & by endeavors to manage _! *ildr5 by p]suasions1 brib+s1 & manoeuvr+s1 in/ead ( by comm&s4 ,! mo/ indulg$ *ildr51 & ! lea/ gov]n$1 are always ! mo/ petulant & irritable2 :ile a /rong gov]nm5t1 if regul>1 uni=m1 & j1 & if adm9i/]$ by g5tle measures1 is ! mo/ effectual ( all possible in/rum5talities = surr\nd+ *ildhood ) an atmosph]e ( calmness & peace4 ,9 a ^w1 :ile ! "m is b\nd to d all 9 h] p[] to r5d] submission to h] au?ority easy & agreeable to h] *ildr51 by s(t5+ z mu* z possible ! disappo9tm5t & h>d%ip :i* h] comm&s sometimes occasion1 & by connect+ pleasurable ideas & s5sations ) acts ( ob$i5ce on ! "p ( ! *ild1 %e mu/ n at all relax ! au?ority itself1 b mu/ ma9ta9 x "u all circum/ances 9 its full =ce1 ) a v firm & decid$1 ?\gh /ill g5tle h&4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,tra9+4 ,x is v cle> t ! mo/ simple & ! mo/ obvi\s ( ! modes by :i* a p>5t may e/abli% among 8 *ildr5 ! habit ( submission to 8 au?ority1 are ^? :i* h be5 already describ$1 namely1 puni%m5ts & rew>ds--puni%m5ts1 g5tle 9 _! "*1 b inv>iably en=c$1 z ! sure results ( acts ( insubord9ation2 & rew>ds = ob$i5ce1 occasionally & cauti\sly be/[$1 9 su* a mann] t !y may be reg>d$ z recognitions simply1 on ! "p ( ! p>5t1 ( ! good conduct ( 8 *ildr51 & expressions ( 8 gratification1 & n 9 ! light ( paym5t or hire4 ,^! are obvi\sly ! mo/ simple modes1 & ! ones mo/ ready at h&4 ,!y require no exalt$ or unusual qualities on ! "p ( fa!r or "m1 unless1 inde$1 we consid] g5tl5ess1 comb9$ ) firmness & good s5se1 z an assemblage ( r>e & exalt$ qualities4 ,to assign1 & firmly & uni=mly to en=ce1 j b g5tle p5alties = disob$i5ce1 & to recognize1 & sometimes rew>d1 special acts ( ob$i5ce & submission1 are measures fully )9 ! rea* ( e p>5t1 h[ev] humble may be ! condition ( 8 intellig5ce or 8 atta9m5ts ( k4 ,ano!r ,class ( ,influ5ces4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 ano!r class ( influ5ces to be adopt$1 n z a sub/itute = ^! simple measures1 b 9 connection & co-op]ation ) !m1 :i* w be f> m deep1 p[]ful1 & p]man5t 9 _! results1 ?\gh !y require mu* high] qualities 9 ! p>5t = c>ry+ !m successfully into effect4 ,?is high] me?od consi/s 9 a sy/ematic ef=t to develop 9 ! m9d ( ! *ild a love ( ! pr9ciple ( ob$i5ce1 by express & appropriate tra9+4 ,p>5ts n aw>e ( ! ,ext5t ( _! ,responsibility4 ,_m p>5ts1 p]haps inde$ ne>ly all1 seem1 z we h already %[n1 to act z if !y consid]$ ! duty ( ob$i5ce on ! "p ( _! *ildr5 z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,!y d n expect _! *ildr5 to read or to write )\t be+ taught2 !y d n expect a dog to fet* & c>ry1 or a horse to draw & to und]/& comm&s & signals1 )\t be+ tra9$4 ,9 all ^! cases !y p]ceive ! necessity ( tra9+ & in/ruction1 & und]/& t ! initiative is ) !m4 ,if a horse1 end[$ by nature ) av]age good qualities1 does n "w well1 ! fault is attribut$ at once to ! man :o und]took to tra9 him4 ,b :at "m1 :5 h] *ild1 gr[n l>ge & /rong1 becomes ! trial & sorr[ ( h] life by 8 ungov]nable disob$i5ce & insubord9ation1 takes ! blame to h]self 9 reflect+ t he 0 plac$ 9 h] h&s :5 all ! p[]s & faculties ( 8 s\l 7 9 embryo1 t5d]1 pliant1 & unresi/+1 to be =m$ & fa%ion$ at h] w8 ,! ,_s ( filial ,ob$i5ce n ,in/9ctive4 ,*ildr51 z has already be5 rem>k$1 d n require to be taught & tra9$ to eat & dr9k1 to res5t injuries1 to cl+ to _! possessions1 or to run to _! "m 9 dang] or pa94 ,!y h natural in/9cts :i* provide = all ^! ?+s4 ,b to speak1 to read1 to write1 & to calculate2 to tell ! tru?1 & to obey _! p>5ts2 to =give injuries1 to face bravely fanci$ dang]s & be> pati5tly unavoidable pa91 are atta9m5ts = :i* no natural in/9cts c adequately provide4 ,!re are in/9cts t w aid 9 ! "w1 b none t c ( !mselves be reli$ ^u )\t in/ruction & tra9+4 ,9 actual fact1 *ildr5 usually receive _! in/ruction & tra9+ 9 respect to "s ( ^! ?+s incid5tally--z x happ5s--by ! r\gh knocks & frictions1 & v>i\s pa9ful exp]i5ces :i* !y enc\nt] 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( life4 ,9 respect to o!rs1 ! guidance & aid af=d$ !m is m direct & sy/ematic4 ,un=tunately ! e/abli%m5t 9 _! m9ds ( ! pr9ciple ( ob$i5ce comes ord9>ily "u ! =m] category4 ,no sy/ematic & appropriate ef=ts are made by ! p>5t to implant x4 ,x is left to ! unc]ta9 & fitful influ5ces ( accid5t--to remon/rances1 reproa*es1 & injunctions call$ =? "u sudd5 excitem5t 9 ! v>i\s em]g5cies ( dome/ic discipl9e1 & to o!r means1 vague1 caprici\s1 & unc]ta91 & hav+ no wise adapt$ness to ! atta9m5t ( ! end 9 view4 ,requires appropriate ,tra9+4 ,h[ mu* bett] & m successfully ! object w\ld be accompli%$ if ! "m 7 to und]/& di/9ctly at ! outset t ! "w ( tra9+ h] *ildr5 to ! habit ( submission to h] au?ority is a duty1 ! responsibility ( :i* devolves n ^u h] *ildr51 b ^u h]2 t x is a duty1 moreov]1 ( ! highe/ importance1 & "o t dem&s c>eful consid]ation1 mu* =e?\ght1 & ! wise adaptation ( means to ! end4 ,me?ods4 ,! fir/ ?\ght ( "s p>5ts may possibly be1 t !y d n "k ( any o!r measures to take 9 ord] to tea* _! *ildr5 submission to _! au?ority1 ?an to rew>d !m :5 !y obey & puni% !m :5 !y disobey4 ,to %[ t !re are o!r me?ods1 we w consid] a p>ticul> case4 ,m>y1 a "y lady ( sev5te51 came to make a visit to h] si/]4 ,%e soon p]ceiv$ t h] si/]'s *ildr51 ,adolphus & ,lucia1 7 entirely ungov]n$4 ,_! "m coax$1 remon/rat$1 advis$1 gave reasons1 said ,i w\ldn't d ?is1 or ,i w\ldn't d t1--did e ?+1 9 fact1 except simply to comm&2 & ! *ildr51 consequ5tly1 did pretty mu* :at !y pleas$4 ,_! "m wond]$ at _! disob$i5ce & insubord9ation1 & 9 cases :]e ^! faults result$ 9 special inconv5i5ce = h]self %e bitt]ly reproa*$ ! *ildr5 = _! undutiful behavior4 ,b ! reproa*es produc$ no effect4 ,! fir/ ?+ t ,i h to d1 said ,m>y to h]self1 9 obs]v+ ?is /ate ( ?+s1 is to tea* ! *ildr5 to obey--at lea/ to obey me4 ,i w give !m _! fir/ lesson at once4 ,m>y makes a ,beg9n+4 ,s %e propos$ to !m to g out ) h] into ! g>d5 & %[ h] ! fl[]s1 add+ t if !y w\ld d s %e w\ld make ea* ( !m a b\quet4 ,%e c\ld make !m "s v pretty b\quets1 %e said1 provid$ !y w\ld help h]1 & w\ld foll[ h] directions & obey h] implicitly :ile ga!r+ & arrang+ ! fl[]s4 ,?is ! *ildr5 promis$ to d1 & ,m>y w5t ) !m into ! g>d54 ,!re1 z %e pass$ ab\t f bord] to bord]1 %e gave !m a great _m diff]5t directions 9 respect to ?+s :i* !y 7 to d1 or :i* !y 7 n to d4 ,%e ga!r$ fl[]s1 & gave "s to "o *ild1 & "s to ! o!r1 to be held & c>ri$--) special in/ructions 9 respect to _m details1 su* z direct+ "s fl[]s to be put toge!r1 & o!rs to be kept sep>ate1 & specify+ 9 :at mann] !y 7 to be held or c>ri$4 ,!n %e l$ !m to a b[] :]e !re 0 a long seat1 & expla9$ to !m h[ !y 7 to lay ! fl[]s 9 ord] ^u ! seat1 & direct$ !m to be v c>eful n to t\* !m aft] !y 7 once laid d[n4 ,!y 71 moreov]1 to leave a place 9 ! middle ( ! seat entirely cle>4 ,!y ask$ :at t 0 =4 ,m>y said t !y w\ld see by-&-by4 ,y mu/ always d j z ,i say1 %e add$1 & p]haps ,i %all expla9 ! reason aft]w>ds1 or p]haps y w see :at ! reason is y\rselves4 ,aft] go+ on 9 ?is way until a suffici5t numb] & v>iety ( fl[]s 7 collect$1 ,m>y took h] seat 9 ! vacant place :i* _h be5 left1 & assign$ ! two portions ( ! seat ^u :i* ! fl[]s _h be5 plac$ to ! *ildr51 giv+ ea* ! *>ge ( ! fl[]s ^u "o portion1 ) in/ructions to select & give to h] su* z %e %\ld call =4 ,f ! fl[]s ?us br\ght %e =m$ two b\quets1 "o = ea* ( ! *ildr54 ,!n %e set !m bo? at "w to make b\quets = !mselves1 giv+ !m m9ute & special directions 9 reg>d to e /ep4 ,if h] object _h be5 to cultivate _! ta/e & judgm5t1 !n x w\ld h be5 bett] to all[ !m to *oose ! fl[]s & det]m9e ! arrangem5t = !mselves2 b %e 0 tea*+ !m ob$i5ce1 or1 r1 beg9n+ to =m 9 !m ! habit ( ob$i5ce2 & s1 ! m num]\s & m9ute ! comm&s ! bett]1 provid$ t !y 7 n 9 !m selves unreasonable1 nor s num]\s & m9ute z to be vexati\s1 s z to incur any s]i\s dang] ( _! n be+ readily & good-humor$ly obey$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,lesson ,,9 ,,ob$i5ce4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,tra9+4 #aja ,:5 ! b\quets 7 f9i%$ ,m>y gave ! *ildr51 sev]ally1 ! two :i* _h be5 made = !m2 & ! two :i* !y _h made = !mselves %e took into ! h\se & plac$ !m 9 glasses ^u ! p>lor mantel-piece1 & !n /ood back ) ! *ildr5 9 ! middle ( ! room to admire !m4 ,see h[ pretty !y look6 ,& h[ nicely ! "w w5t on :ile we 7 mak+ !m6 ,t 0 because y obey$ me s well :ile we 7 do+ x4 ,y did exactly z ,i said 9 e ?+4 ,a ,beg9n+ only4 ,n[ ?is 0 an excell5t fir/ lesson 9 tra9+ ! *ildr5 to ! habit ( ob$i5ce4 ,x is true t x 0 only a fir/ lesson4 ,x 0 a beg9n+1 b x 0 a v good beg9n+4 ,if1 on ! foll[+ day1 ,m>y _h giv5 ! *ildr5 a comm& :i* x w\ld be irksome to !m to obey1 or "o :i* w\ld h call$ = any special sacrifice or self-d5ial on _! "p1 !y w\ld h disreg>d$ x4 ,/ill !y w\ld h be5 a little less incl9$ to disreg>d x ?an if !y _h n receiv$ _! fir/ lesson2 & !re c be no d\bt t if ,m>y 7 to cont9ue h] tra9+ 9 ! same _s 9 :i* %e comm5c$ x %e w\ld1 be=e _m weeks1 acquire a complete asc5d5cy ov] !m1 & make !m entirely submissive to h] w4 ,& yet ?is is a species ( tra9+ ! efficacy ( :i* dep5ds on influ5ces 9 :i* ! hope ( rew>d or ! fe> ( puni%m5t does n ent]4 ,! b\quets 7 n promis$ to ! *ildr5 at ! outset1 nor 7 !y giv5 to !m at la/ z rew>ds4 ,x is true t !y saw ! advantages result+ f due subord9ation ( ! inf]iors to ! sup]ior 9 conc]t$ action1 & at ! end !y felt a satisfaction 9 hav+ act$ "r2 b ^! advantages did n come 9 ! =m ( rew>ds4 ,! efficacy ( ! lesson dep5d$ on a diff]5t pr9ciple altoge!r4 ,! ,philosophy ( x4 ,! philosophy ( x 0 ?is3 ,m>y1 kn[+ t ! pr9ciple ( ob$i5ce 9 ! *ildr5 0 extremely weak1 & t x c\ld n /& any s]i\s te/1 contriv$ to br+ x into ex]cise a great _m times "u ! lighte/ possible pressure4 ,%e call$ ^u !m to d a great _m diff]5t ?+s1 ea* ( :i* 0 v easy to d1 & gave !m _m little prohibitions :i* x requir$ a v slight ef=t ( self-d5ial on _! "p to reg>d2 & %e connect$ agreeable associations 9 _! m9ds ) ! idea ( submission to au?ority1 ?r\gh ! int]e/ :i* %e knew !y w\ld feel 9 see+ ! "w ( ga!r+ ! fl[]s & mak+ ! b\quets g sy/ematically & prosp]\sly on1 & ?r\gh ! comm5dation ( _! conduct :i* %e express$ at ! end4 ,su* p]sons z ,m>y d n analyze di/9ctly1 9 _! ?\ghts1 nor c\ld !y express 9 words1 ! pr9ciples :i* und]lie _! managem5t2 b !y h an in/9ctive m5tal p]ception ( ! adaptation ( su* means to ! end 9 view4 ,o!r p1 :o obs]ve h[ easily & quietly !y seem to obta9 an asc5d5cy ov] all *ildr5 com+ )9 _! influ5ce1 & h[ absolute ?is asc5d5cy (t5 becomes1 are frequ5tly surpris$ at x4 ,!y ?9k !re is "s my/]y ab\t x2 !y say x is a knack t "s p h2 b !re is no my/]y ab\t x at all1 & no?+ unusual or /range1 except s f> z practical good s5se1 consid]ate judgm5t1 & intellig5t obs]vation & appreciation ( ! *>act]i/ics ( *ildhood are unusual & /range4 ,m>y 0 aw>e t1 al?\gh ! pr9ciple ( ob$i5ce is seldom or nev] entirely oblit]at$ f ! he>ts ( *ildr5--t is1 t ! impression ^u _! m9ds1 :i*1 ?\gh x may n be absolutely in/9ctive1 is v e>ly acquir$1 t x is incumb5t on !m to obey ^? set 9 au?ority ov] !m1 is seldom :olly effac$1 ! s5tim5t _h become extremely feeble 9 ! m9ds ( ,adolphus & ,lucia2 & t x 0 l a frail & dy+ plant1 :i* requir$ v delicate & c>eful nurture to quick5 x to life & give x its normal heal? & vigor4 ,h] managem5t 0 precisely ( ?is "*4 ,x call$ ! weak & feeble pr9ciple into g5tle ex]cise1 )\t putt+ x to any sev]e te/1 & ?us comm5c$ ! =mation ( a habit ( action4 ,any "o w see t a c\rse ( tra9+ on ^! pr9ciples1 pati5tly & p]sev]+ly cont9u$ = ! prop] "t1 c\ld n fail ( secur+ ! desir$ end1 except 9 cases ( *ildr5 *>act]iz$ by unusual & entirely abnormal p]v]sity4 ,we c n "h foll[ 9 detail ! v>i\s modes 9 :i* su* a manag] z ,m>y w\ld adapt h] pr9ciple to ! *ang+ incid5ts ( ea* day1 & to ! diff]5t /ages ( progress made by h] pupils 9 le>n+ to obey1 b c only enum]ate c]ta9 po9ts wor?y ( ! att5tion ( p>5ts :o may feel desir\s to und]take su* a "w ( tra9+4 ,?ree practical ,directions4 #a4 ,rel9qui% entirely ! idea ( expect+ *ildr5 to be spontane\sly docile & ob$i5t1 & ! practice ( scold+ or puni%+ !m v9dictively :5 !y are n s4 ,in/ead ( s do+1 und]/& t docility & ob$i5ce on _! "p is to be ! result ( wise1 c>eful1 & p]sev]+1 ?\gh g5tle tra9+ on ! "p ( ! p>5t4 #b4 ,if ! *ildr5 h already =m$ habits ( disob$i5ce & insubord9ation1 d n expect t ! desirable *ange c be effect$ by sudd51 spasmodic1 & viol5t ef=ts1 accompani$ by d5unciations & ?reats1 & decl>ations t y are go+ to turn ov] a new leaf4 ,! attempt to *ange p]v]t$ t5d5cies 9 *ildr5 by su* means is l try+ to /raight5 a b5d 9 ! /em ( a gr[+ tree by bl[s ) a hamm]4 #c4 ,in/ead ( ?is1 beg9 )\t say+ at all :at y are go+ to d1 or f9d+ any fault ) ! pa/1 &1 ) a di/9ct recognition ( ! fact t :atev] is bad 9 ! native t5d5cies ( y\r *ildr5's m9ds is probably inh]it$ f _! p>5ts1 &1 p]haps1 specially f y\rself1 & t :atev] is wrong 9 _! habits ( action is c]ta9ly ! result ( bad tra9+1 proce$ cauti\sly & g5tly1 b p]sev]+ly & firmly1 9 br++ ! b5t /em gradually up to ! "r position4 ,9 do+ ?is1 !re is no am\nt ( +5uity & skill1 h[ev] great1 t may n be usefully employ$2 nor is !re1 on ! o!r h&1 except 9 v r>e & exceptional cases1 any p>5t :o has an allotm5t s small z n to be suffici5t to accompli% ! end1 if consci5ti\sly & fai?fully employ$4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,me?ods ,,exemplifi$4 ,9 ord] to give a m cle> idea ( :at ,i mean by =m+ habits ( ob$i5ce 9 *ildr5 by me?ods o!r ?an ^? connect$ ) a sy/em ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 ,i w specify "s su* me?ods1 introduc+ !m1 h[ev]1 only z illu/rations ( :at is int5d$4 ,=1 :ile 9 respect to rew>ds & puni%m5ts some?+ l special & def9ite rules & directions may be giv51 ^! o!r me?ods1 z !y dep5d on ! tact1 +5uity1 & inv5tive p[]s ( ! p>5ts = _! success1 dep5d also 9 great measure ^u ^! same qualities = ! discov]y ( !m4 ,! only help t c be receiv$ f )\t mu/ consi/ ( sugge/ions & illu/rations1 :i* c only s]ve to communicate to ! m9d "s g5]al ideas 9 respect to !m4 ,recogniz+ ! ,"r4 #a4 ,a v excell5t effect is produc$ 9 =m+ habits ( ob$i5ce 9 *ildr51 by simply notic+ _! good conduct :5 !y d "r1 & lett+ !m see t y notice x4 ,:5 *ildr5 are at play ^u ! c>pet1 & _! "m f "t to "t calls "o ( !m--,m>y1 we w say--to come to h] to r5d] "s little s]vice1 x is v (t5 ! case t %e is accu/om$1 :5 ,m>y obeys ! call at once1 leav+ h] play imm$iately & com+ directly1 to say no?+ ab\t ! prompt ob$i5ce1 b to treat x z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,x is only 9 ! cases ( failure t %e seems to notice ! action4 ,:5 ,m>y1 greatly int]e/$ 9 :at = ! mom5t %e is do+1 delays h] com+1 %e says1 ,y ought to come at once1 ,m>y1 :5 ,i call y1 & n make me wait 9 ?is way4 ,9 ! cases :5 ,m>y did come at once1 %e _h said no?+4 ,m>y goes back to h] play aft] ! repro(1 a little di/urb$ 9 m9d1 at any rate1 & p]haps consid]ably out ( humor4 ,n[ ,m>y may1 p]haps1 be 9 "t induc$ to obey m promptly "u ?is managem5t1 b %e w h no he>t 9 mak+ ! improvem5t1 & %e w advance reluctantly & sl[ly1 if at all4 ,b if1 at ! fir/ "t t %e comes promptly1 & !n1 aft] do+ ! err&1 is ready to g back to h] play1 h] "m says1 ,y left y\r play & came at once :5 ,i call$ y4 ,t 0 "r4 ,x pleases me v mu* to f9d t ,i c dep5d ^u y\r be+ s prompt1 ev5 :5 y are at play1 ,m>y w g back to h] play pleas$ & happy2 & ! t5d5cy ( ! incid5t w be to cause h] to feel a spontane\s & cordial int]e/ 9 ! pr9ciple ( prompt ob$i5ce 9 "t to come4 ,johnny is tak+ a walk ?r\gh ! fields ) 8 "m4 ,he sees a butt]fly & sets (f 9 *ase ( x4 ,:5 he has gone away f ! pa? among ! rocks & bu%es z f> z 8 "m ?9ks is safe1 %e calls him to come back4 ,9 _m cases1 if ! boy does n come at once 9 ob$i5ce to su* a call1 he w\ld p]haps receive a scold+4 ,if he does come back at once1 no?+ is said4 ,9 ei!r case no decid$ effect w\ld be produc$ ^u him4 ,b if 8 "m says1 ,johnny1 y obey$ me at once :5 ,i call$ y4 ,x mu/ be h>d1 :5 y are aft] a butt]fly & ?9k y h almo/ caught him1 to /op imm$iately & come back to y\r "m :5 %e calls y2 b y did x1 ,johnny w be l$ by ?is treatm5t to feel a desire to come back m promptly /ill ! next "t4 ,a ,caution4 ,( c\rse !re is an endless v>iety ( ways by :i* y c %[ y\r *ildr5 t y notice & appreciate ! ef=ts !y make to d "r4 ,d\btless !re is a dang] to be gu>d$ aga9/4 ,to adopt ! practice ( notic+ & comm5d+ :at is "r1 & pay+ no att5tion :atev] to :at is wrong1 w\ld be a great p]v]sion ( ?is c\nsel4 ,!re is a dang] m insidi\s ?an ?is1 b /ill v s]i\s & real1 ( fo/]+ a feel+ ( vanity & self-conceit by con/ant & inconsid]ate praise4 ,^! ?+s mu/ be gu>d$ aga9/2 & to secure ! good aim$ at1 & at ! same "t to avoid ! evil1 requires ! ex]cise ( ! tact & +5uity :i* has be=e be5 ref]r$ to4 ,b ) prop] skill & prop] c>e ! habit ( notic+ & comm5d+1 or ev5 notic+ alone1 :5 *ildr5 d "r1 & ( ev5 be+ m quick to notice & to be pleas$ ) ! "r ?an to detect & be dissatisfi$ ) ! wrong1 w be f\nd to be a v p[]ful means ( tra9+ *ildr5 9 ! "r way4 ,*ildr5 w act ) a great deal m read9ess & alacrity to pres]ve a good "* :i* p already attribute to !m1 ?an to relieve !mselves ( ! opprobrium ( a bad "o ) :i* !y are *>g$4 ,9 o!r words1 x is mu* easi] to allure !m to :at is "r ?an to drive !m f :at is wrong4 ,giv+ ,advice4 #b4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 no?+ m irksome to *ildr5 ?an to li/5 to advice giv5 to !m 9 a direct & simple =m1 & p]haps !re is no?+ t has less influ5ce ^u !m 9 ! =mation ( _! *>act]s ?an advice s giv54 ,& !re is good reason = ?is2 = ei!r ! advice mu/ be g5]al1 & ( c\rse m or less ab/ract1 :5 x is necess>ily 9 a great measure lo/ ^u !m1 s9ce _! p[]s ( g5]alization & ab/raction are n yet develop$2 or else1 if x is practical & p>ticul> at all1 x mu/ be s ) ref]5ce to _! own daily exp]i5ce 9 life--9 :i* case x becomes m irksome /ill1 z !y necess>ily reg>d x z an indirect mode ( fault-f9d+4 ,inde$1 ?is k9d ( advice is almo/ c]ta9 to assume ! =m ( half-conceal$ fault-f9d+1 = ! subject ( ! c\nsel giv5 w\ld be1 9 almo/ all cases1 sugge/$ by ! errors1 or %ortcom+s1 or failures :i* _h be5 rec5tly obs]v$ 9 ! conduct ( ! *ildr54 ,! art1 !n1 ( giv+ to *ildr5 g5]al advice & in/ruction 9 respect to _! conduct & behavior1 consi/s 9 mak+ x def9ite & practical1 & at ! same "t contriv+ "s way ( dive/+ x entirely ( all direct application to !mselves 9 respect to _! pa/ conduct4 ,( c\rse1 ! m we make x practically applicable to !m 9 respect to ! future ! bett]4 ,!re are v>i\s ways ( giv+ advice ( ?is "*4 ,x requires "s +5uity to inv5t !m1 & "s degree ( tact & skill to apply !m successfully4 ,b ! necess>y tact & skill w\ld be easily acquir$ by any "m ^: he>t is really set ^u f9d+ g5tle modes ( lead+ h] *ild into ! pa? ( duty4 ,james & 8 ,c\s9s4 ,james1 go+ to sp5d "o ( 8 college vacations at 8 uncle's1 0 tak5 by 8 two c\s9s1 ,walt] & ,ann--eight & six ye>s old--into _! room4 ,! room 0 all 9 confusion4 ,!re 0 a set ( book-%elves ^u "o side1 ! books ^u !m ly+ tumbl$ ab\t 9 all directions4 ,!re 0 a case conta9+ play?+s 9 ano!r place1 ! play?+s brok5 & 9 disord]2 & two tables1 "o aga9/ ! wall1 & ! o!r 9 ! middle ( ! room1 bo? cov]$ ) litt]4 ,n[ if ,james _h comm5c$ 8 conv]sation by giv+ ! *ildr5 a lecture on ! disord] ( _! room1 & on ! duty1 on _! "p1 ( tak+ bett] c>e ( _! ?+s1 ! *ief effect w\ld v probably h be5 simply to prev5t _! wi%+ to h him come to _! room aga94 ,b ,james manag$ ! case diff]5tly4 ,aft] go+ ab\t ! room = a few m9utes ) ! *ildr51 & look+ ) !m at _! v>i\s treasures1 & admir+ :at !y seem$ to admire1 b )\t f9d+ any fault1 he sat d[n be=e ! fire & took ! *ildr5 ^u 8 lap--"o ^u ea* knee--& began to talk to !m4 ,ann _h "o ( h] picture-books 9 h] h&1 "s ( ! leaves torn1 & ! re/ defac$ ) dog's-e>s4 ,n[1 ,walt]1 said ,james1 ,i'm go+ to give y "s advice4 ,i am go+ to advise y :at to d & h[ to act :5 y g to college4 ,by-&-by y w gr[ to be a "y man1 & w !n1 p]haps1 g to college4 ,! idea ( gr[+ to be a "y man & go+ to college 0 v pleas+ to ,walt]'s imag9ation1 & br\ght 8 m9d into :at may be call$ a receptive condition--t is1 into a /ate to receive readily1 & ent]ta9 ) favor1 ! ?\ghts :i* ,james 0 prep>$ to pres5t4 ,james !n w5t on to draw a v agreeable picture ( ,walt]'s leav+ home & go+ to college1 ) _m details calculat$ to be pleas+ to 8 c\s9's fancy1 & came at l5g? to 8 room1 & to ! circum/ances "u :i* he w\ld take possession ( x4 ,!n he told him ( ! condition 9 :i* diff]5t s*ol>s kept _! respective rooms--h[ "s 7 always 9 disord]1 & e ?+ 9 !m topsy-turvy1 s t !y _h no pleasant or home-l aspect at all2 :ile 9 o!rs e ?+ 0 well arrang$1 & kept cont9ually 9 t condition1 s z to give ! :ole room1 to e "o :o ent]$ x1 a v *>m+ appe>ance4 ,! books on _! %elves 7 all prop]ly arrang$1 he said1 all /&+ up 9 ord]--^? ( a l size toge!r4 ,jump d[n1 ,ann1 & g to y\r %elves1 & arrange ! books on ! middle %elf 9 t way1 to %[ him :at ,i mean4 ,ann jump$ d[n1 & ran ) great alacrity to arrange ! books accord+ to ! directions4 ,:5 %e _h arrang$ "o %elf1 %e 0 proce$+ to d ! same ) ! next1 b ,james said %e ne$ n d any m !n4 ,%e c\ld arrange ! o!rs1 if %e pleas$1 at ano!r "t1 he said4 ,b come back n[1 he add$1 & he> ! re/ ( ! advice4 ,i advise y to keep y\r book-%elves 9 nice ord] at college1 he cont9u$2 & s ) y\r app>atus & y\r cab9et4 ,= at college1 y see1 y w p]haps h articles ( philosophical app>atus1 & a cab9et ( specim5s1 in/ead ( play?+s4 ,i advise y1 if y %\ld h su* ?+s1 to keep !m all nicely arrang$ ^u _! %elves4 ,"h ,james turn$ 8 *air a little1 s t he & ! *ildr5 c\ld look t[>ds ! cab9et ( play?+s4 ,walt] climb$ d[n f 8 c\s9's lap & ran (f to t side ( ! room1 & !re began ha/ily to arrange ! play?+s4 ,yes1 said ,james1 t is ! way4 ,b nev] m9d t n[4 ,i ?9k y w "k h[ to arrange y\r philosophical in/rum5ts & y\r cab9et v nicely :5 y are 9 college2 & y c keep y\r play?+s 9 ord] 9 y\r room "h1 :ile y are a boy1 if y please4 ,b come back n[ & he> ! re/ ( ! advice4 ,s ,walt] came back & took 8 place aga9 ^u ,james's knee4 ,& ,i advise y1 cont9u$ ,james1 to take good c>e ( y\r books :5 y are 9 college4 ,x is pleasant]1 at ! "t1 to use books t are clean & nice1 & !n1 besides1 y w l to take y\r college books ) y1 aft] y leave college1 & keep !m z long z y live1 z memorials ( y\r e>ly days1 & y w value !m a great deal m if !y are 9 good ord]4 ,"h ,ann op5$ ! book :i* 0 9 h] h&1 & began to fold back ! dog's-e>s & to smoo? d[n ! leaves4 ,! ,pr9ciple ,involv$4 ,9 a ^w1 by ! simple exp$i5t ( %ift+ ! "t1 9 ! imag9ation ( ! *ildr51 :5 ! advice :i* he 0 giv+ !m w\ld come to its practical application1 he dive/$ x ( all appe>ance ( fault-f9d+ 9 respect to _! pres5t conduct1 & s secur$ n m]ely its ready admission1 b a cordial welcome = x1 9 _! m9ds4 ,any "m :o sees & cle>ly appreh5ds ! pr9ciple "h illu/rat$1 & has +5uity en\gh to avail h]self ( x1 w f9d an endless v>iety ( modes by :i* %e c make use ( x1 to ga9 easy access to ! he>ts ( h] *ildr51 = in/ructions & c\nsels :i*1 :5 !y come 9 ! =m ( fault-f9d+ advice1 make no impression :atev]4 ,expectations ( ,results mu/ be ,reasonable4 ,"s p]sons1 h[ev]1 :o read )\t mu* reflection1 & :o d n cle>ly see ! pr9ciple involv$ 9 ! case above describ$1 & d n und]/& x z x is int5d$--t is1 z a s+le specim5 or example ( a mode ( action capable ( an endless v>iety ( applications1 w p]haps say1 ,oh1 t 0 all v well4 ,james's talk 0 v good = ! purpose ( amus+ ! *ildr5 = a few m9utes :ile he 0 visit+ !m1 b x is idle to suppose t su* a conv]sation c\ld produce any p]man5t or ev5 la/+ impression ^u !m2 /ill less1 t x c\ld "w any effectual *ange 9 respect to _! habits ( ord]4 ,t is v true4 ,9 ! "w ( =m+ ! he>ts & m9ds ( *ildr5 x is l9e ^u l9e1 & precept ^u precept t is requir$2 & x c n be claim$ t "o su* conv]sation z t ( ,james is any ?+ m ?an "o l9e4 ,b x c]ta9ly is t4 ,x w\ld be z unreasonable to expect t "o s+le lesson l t c\ld effectually & completely accompli% ! end 9 view1 z t "o s+le wat]+ ( a plant w suffice to enable x to atta9 completely its gr[?1 & enable x to produce 9 p]fection its fruits or its fl[]s4 ,b if a "m (t5 clo!s ?us ! advice or in/ruction :i* %e has to give to h] *ildr5 9 "s imag9ative guise l ?is1 advis+ !m :at to d :5 !y are on a j\rney1 = example1 or :5 !y are mak+ a visit at ! h\se ( a fri5d 9 ! c\ntry2 or1 9 ! case ( a boy1 :at %e w\ld c\nsel him to d 9 case he 7 a "y man employ$ by a f>m] to help him on 8 f>m1 or a cl]k 9 a /ore1 or a sea-capta9 9 *>ge ( a %ip1 or a g5]al comm&+ a =ce 9 ! field2 or1 if a girl1 :at dang]s or :at undesirable habits or actions %e %\ld avoid :5 travell+ 9 ,europe1 or :51 z a "y lady1 %e jo9s 9 picnics or goes on excursions1 or att5ds conc]ts or ev5+ p>ties1 or 9 any ( ! c\ntless o!r situations :i* x is pleasant = "y p]sons to picture to _! m9ds1 introduc+ into all1 s f> z h] +5uity & skill enable h] to d x1 int]e/+ incid5ts & details1 %e w f9d t %e is op5+ to h]self an av5ue to h] *ildr5's he>ts = ! s\nd moral pr9ciples t %e wi%es to inculcate ^u !m1 :i* %e c (t5 employ easily1 pleasantly1 & v advantage\sly1 bo? to h]self & to !m4 ,:5 a *ild is sick1 x may be ( little consequ5ce :e!r ! m$ic9e :i* is requir$ is agreeable or disagreeable to ! ta/e4 ,b ) moral rem$ies ! case is diff]5t4 ,sometimes ! :ole effici5cy ( ! treatm5t adm9i/]$ z a corrective = a moral disord] dep5ds ^u ! read9ess & will+ness ) :i* x is tak54 ,to make x disagreeable1 consequ5tly1 9 su* cases1 is to neutralize ! int5d$ action ( x--a result :i* ! me?ods describ$ 9 ?is *apt] greatly t5d to avoid4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,della ,,& ,,! ,,dolls4 ,?is book may1 p]haps1 sometimes fall into ! h&s ( p]sons :o h1 tempor>ily or o!rwise1 ! *>ge ( "y *ildr5 )\t any absolute au?ority ov] !m1 or any means1 or ev5 any "r1 to en=ce _! comm&s1 z 0 ! case1 9 fact1 ) ! old] bro!rs or si/] ref]r$ to 9 ! prec$+ illu/rations4 ,to su* p]sons1 ^! indirect modes ( tra9+ *ildr5 9 habits ( subord9ation to _! w1 or r ( yield+ to _! influ5ce1 are specially useful4 ,su* p]sons may be int]e/$ 9 ! mann] 9 :i* ,delia made use ( ! *ildr5's dolls z a means ( guid+ & gov]n+ _! little mo!rs4 ,della4 ,della _h a "y si/] nam$ ,m>ia1 & a c\s9 ^: "n 0 ,jane4 ,jane us$ (t5 to come to make ,m>ia a visit1 & :5 toge!r ! *ildr5 7 accu/om$ to sp5d a great deal ( "t 9 play+ ) _! dolls4 ,besides dress+ & undress+ !m1 & play+ take !m out to excursions & visits1 !y us$ to talk ) !m a great deal1 & give !m mu* useful & valuable in=mation & in/ruction4 ,illu/ration3 ,,r\ndab\t ,,in/ruction4 ,n[ ,delia contriv$ to obta9 a great influ5ce & asc5d5cy ov] ! m9ds ( ! *ildr5 by means ( ^! dolls4 ,%e fell at once into ! idea ( ! *ildr5 9 reg>d to !m1 & treat$ !m always z if !y 7 real p]sons2 (t5 speak+ ( !m & to !m1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! o!r *ildr51 9 ! mo/ s]i\s mann]4 ,?is n only pleas$ ! *ildr5 v mu*1 b enabl$ ,della1 "u pret5se ( talk+ to ! dolls1 to communicate a great deal ( useful in/ruction to ! *ildr51 & sometimes to make v salut>y & la/+ impressions ^u _! m9ds4 ,lectures to ! ,dolls4 ,= in/ance1 sometimes :5 ,jane 0 mak+ ,m>ia a visit1 & ! two *ildr5 came into h] room ) _! dolls 9 _! arms1 %e w\ld speak to !m z if !y 7 real p]sons1 & !n tak+ !m 9 h] h&s w\ld set !m be=e h] on h] knee1 & give !m a v grave lecture 9 respect to ! prop] behavior :i* !y 7 to obs]ve dur+ ! aft]noon4 ,if ,delia _h attempt$ to give precisely ! same lecture to ! *ildr5 !mselves1 !y w\ld v soon h become re/less & uneasy1 & x w\ld h made v little impression ^u !m4 ,b be+ address$ to ! dolls1 !y w\ld be greatly int]e/$ 9 x1 & w\ld li/5 ) ! utmo/ att5tion2 & !re is no d\bt t ! c\nsels & in/ructions :i* %e gave made a mu* /rong] impression ^u _! m9ds ?an if !y _h be5 address$ directly to ! *ildr5 !mselves4 ,to give an idea ( ^! conv]sations ,i w report "o ( !m 9 full4 ,h[ d y d1 my *ildr58 %e said1 on "o su* occasion4 ,i am v glad to see y4 ,h[ nice y look6 ,y h come1 ,&ella 7,&ella 0 ! "n ( ,jane's doll71 to make ,rosalie a visit4 ,i am v glad4 ,y w h a v pleasant "t1 ,i am sure2 because y nev] qu>rel4 ,i obs]ve t1 :5 y bo? wi% = ! same ?+1 y don't qu>rel = x & try to pull x away f "o ano!r2 b "o waits l a lady until ! o!r has done ) x4 ,i expect y h be5 a v good girl1 ,&ella1 s9ce y 7 "h la/4 ,!n1 turn+ to ,jane1 %e ask$1 9 a some:at alt]$ tone1 ,has %e be5 a good girl1 ,jane8 ,%e has be5 a pretty good girl1 said ,jane1 b %e has be5 sick4 ,ah6 said ,della 9 a tone ( great conc]n1 & look+ aga9 at ,&ella1 ,i he>d t y _h be5 sick4 ,i he>d t y _h an attack ( ,aurora ,borealis1 or some?+ l t4 ,& y don't look v well n[4 ,y mu/ take good c>e ( y\rself1 & if y don't feel well1 y mu/ ask y\r "m to br+ y 9 to me & ,i w give y a dose ( my m$ic9e--my aqua sac*>9a4 ,i "k y always take y\r m$ic9e l a little h]o9e :5 y are sick1 )\t mak+ any difficulty or tr\ble at all4 ,aqua sac*>9a 0 ! ,lat9 "n :i* ,delia gave to a prep>ation ( :i* %e kept a supply 9 a small phial on h] table1 ready to make-believe give to ! dolls :5 !y 7 sick4 ,m>ia & ,jane 7 v fond ( play+ t _! dolls 7 sick & br++ !m to ,della = m$ic9e1 especially z ,della always recomm5d$ to !m to ta/e ! m$ic9e !mselves f a spoon fir/1 9 ord] to set _! *ildr5 a good example ( tak+ x well4 ,sometimes ,della w\ld let ! *ildr5 take ! phial away1 s z to h x always at h& 9 case ! dolls %\ld be tak5 sudd5ly worse4 ,b 9 su* cases z ?is ! attacks 7 usually s frequ5t1 & ! mo!rs 7 oblig$ to d s mu* ta/+ to enc\rage ! pati5ts1 t ! phial 0 soon br\ght back ne>ly or q empty1 :5 ,delia us$ to repl5i% x by fill+ x ne>ly full ( wat]1 & !n p\r+ a suffici5t quantity ( ! sac*>9e p[d] into ! m\? ( x f ! sug>-b[l ) a spoon4 ,no?+ m 0 necess>y except to %ake up ! mixture 9 ord] to facilitate ! process ( solution1 & ! m$ic9e 0 ready4 ,a ,m$ium ( ,repro(4 ,delia 0 accu/om$ to use ! dolls n only = ! purpose ( in/ruction1 b sometimes = repro(1 9 _m +5i\s ways4 ,= in/ance1 "o day ! *ildr5 _h be5 play+ ^u ! piazza ) blocks & o!r play?+s1 & f9ally _h gone into ! h\se1 leav+ all ! ?+s on ! floor ( ! piazza1 in/ead ( putt+ !m away 9 _! places1 z !y ought to h done4 ,!y 7 n[ play+ ) _! dolls 9 ! p>lor4 ,delia came to ! p>lor1 & ) an air ( great my/]y beckon$ ! *ildr5 aside1 & said to !m1 9 a :isp]1 ,leave ,&ella & ,rosalie "h1 & don't say a ^w to !m4 ,i want y to come ) me4 ,!re is a secret--some?+ ,i w\ld n h !m "k on any acc\nt4 ,s say+1 %e l$ ! way on tiptoe1 foll[$ by ! *ildr5 out ( ! room1 & r\nd by a circuit\s r\te to ! piazza4 ,!re6 said %e1 po9t+ to ! play?+s2 see6 all y\r play?+s left out6 ,put !m away quick be=e ,&ella & ,rosalie see !m4 ,i w\ld n h !m "k t _! mo!rs leave _! play?+s ab\t 9 t way = any consid]ation4 ,!y w\ld ?9k t !y might d s too1 & t w\ld make y a great deal ( tr\ble4 ,y tea* !m1 ,i h no d\bt1 t !y mu/ always put _! play?+s away1 & !y mu/ see t y set !m a good example4 ,put ^! play?+s all away quick1 & c>efully1 & we w n let !m "k any ?+ ab\t y\r leav+ !m out4 ,s ! *ildr5 w5t to "w ) great alacrity1 & put ! play?+s all away4 ,& ?is me?od ( treat+ ! case 0 mu* m effectual 9 mak+ !m dispos$ to avoid committ+ a simil> fault ano!r "t ?an any direct rebukes or expressions ( displeasure address$ p]sonally to !m w\ld h be54 ,besides1 a scold+ w\ld h made !m unhappy1 & ?is did n make !m unhappy at all2 x amus$ & ent]ta9$ !m4 ,if y c lead *ildr5 to cure !mselves ( _! faults 9 su* a way t !y %all h a good "t 9 do+ x1 !re is a d\ble ga94 ,9 due "t1 by ?is k9d ( managem5t1 & by o!r modes conceiv$ & execut$ 9 ! same _s1 ,bella ga9$ s great an asc5d5cy ov] ! *ildr5 t !y 7 f> m ready to con=m to h] w1 & to obey all h] directions1 ?an !y w\ld h be5 to submit to ! mo/ legitimate au?ority t 0 ma9ta9$1 z su* au?ority too (t5 is1 by fault-f9d+ & ?reats1 & )\t any sympa?y ) ! fancies & feel+s :i* reign ov] ! he>ts ( ! *ildr5 9 ! little _w 9 :i* !y live4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,sympa?y3--#a4 ,,! ,,*ild ,,) ,,! ,,p>5t4 ,! subject ( sympa?y betwe5 *ildr5 & p>5ts is to be consid]$ 9 two aspects3 fir/1 t ( ! *ild ) ! p>5t2 & secondly1 t ( ! p>5t ) ! *ild4 ,t is to say1 an emotion may be awak5$ 9 ! *ild by its exi/5ce & manife/ation 9 ! p>5t1 & secondly1 x may be awak5$ 9 ! p>5t by its exi/5ce 9 ! *ild4 ,we are all ready to ackn[l$ge 9 words ! great p[] & influ5ce ( sympa?y1 b v few are aw>e h[ v va/ ?is p[] is1 & h[ inconceivably great is ! function :i* ?is pr9ciple fulfills 9 ! =mation ( ! human "*1 & 9 regulat+ ! conduct ( m54 ,my/]i\s ,action ( ! ,pr9ciple ( ,sympa?y4 ,!re is a great my/]y 9 ! nature ( x1 & 9 ! mann] ( its action4 ,?is we see v cle>ly 9 ! simple/ & mo/ /rik+ mat]ial =m ( x--! act ( gap+4 ,:y & h[ does ! witness+ ( ! act ( gap+ 9 "o p]son1 or ev5 ! ?\ght ( x1 produce a t5d5cy to ! same action 9 ! n]ves & muscles ( ano!r p]son8 ,:5 we attempt to trace ! *a9 ( connection ?r\gh ! eye1 ! bra91 & ! ?\ghts--?r\gh :i* l9e ( ag5cies ! *a9 ( cause & effect mu/ necess>ily run--we are lo/ & bewild]$4 ,o!r /ates & conditions 9 :i* ! m5tal elem5t is m app>5t are communicat$ f "o to ano!r 9 ! same or1 at lea/1 9 "s analog\s way4 ,be+ simply 9 ! pres5ce ( "o :o is amus$1 or happy1 or sad1 causes u to feel amus$1 or happy1 or sad ourselves--or1 at lea/1 has t t5d5cy--ev5 if we d n "k f :at cause ! emotion :i* is communicat$ to u proce$s4 ,a p]son ( a joy\s & happy disposition (t5 bright5s up at once any little circle into :i* he ent]s1 :ile a morose & melan*oly man c>ries gloom ) him :]ev] he goes4 ,eloqu5ce1 :i*1 if we 7 to he> x address$ to u p]sonally & individually1 9 private conv]sation1 w\ld move u v little1 w excite u to a pit* ( ! highe/ en?usiasm if we he> x 9 ! mid/ ( a va/ audi5ce2 ev5 ?\gh ! words1 & ! ge/ures1 & ! inflections ( ! voice1 & ! =ce ) :i* x rea*es our e>s1 7 to be precisely ! same 9 ! two cases4 ,& s a joke1 :i* w\ld produce only a quiet smile if we read x by ourselves at ! fireside alone1 w evoke convulsions ( laught] :5 he>d 9 a cr[d$ !atre1 :]e ! hil>ity is %>$ by ?\s&s4 ,a new elem5t1 inde$1 seems to come into action 9 ^! la/ two cases2 = ! m5tal condition ( "o m9d is n only communicat$ to ano!r1 b x appe>s to be increas$ & int5sifi$ by ! communication4 ,ea* does n feel m]ely ! en?usiasm or ! mir? :i* w\ld naturally be felt by ! o!r1 b ! g5]al emotion is va/ly height5$ by its be+ s l>gely %>$4 ,x is l ! case ( ! live coal1 :i* does n m]ely set ! dead coal on fire by be+ plac$ 9 contact ) x1 b ! two toge!r1 :5 toge!r1 burn f> m brightly ?an :5 ap>t4 ,wond]ful ,p[] ( ,sympa?y4 ,s mu* = ! reality ( ?is pr9ciple2 & x is almo/ impossible to exagg]ate ! ext5t & ! magnitude ( ! influ5ce x ex]ts 9 =m+ ! "* & %ap+ ! ideas & op9ions ( m51 & 9 regulat+ all _! ord9>y habits ( ?\ght & feel+4 ,p's op9ions are n g5]ally =m$ or controll$ by argum5ts or reason+s1 z !y fondly suppose4 ,!y are imbib$ by sympa?y f ^? :om !y l or love1 & :o are1 or h be51 _! associates4 ,?us p1 :5 !y arrive at maturity1 adh]e 9 ! ma9 to ! associations1 bo? 9 religion & 9 politics1 9 :i* !y h be5 br\ght up1 f ! influ5ce ( sympa?y ) ^? :om !y love4 ,!y believe 9 ?is or t doctr9e or sy/em1 n because !y h be5 conv9c$ by pro(1 b *iefly because ^? :om !y love believe 9 !m4 ,on religi\s que/ions ! argum5ts are pres5t$ to !m1 x is true1 :ile !y are "y1 9 cate*isms & 9 o!r =ms ( religi\s in/ruction1 & 9 politics by ! conv]sations :i* !y ov]he>2 b x is a mi/ake to suppose t argum5ts ?us (f]$ h any mat]ial effect z processes ( ratioc9ation 9 produc+ any logical conviction ^u _! m9ds4 ,an ,engli% boy is ,:ig or ,tory because 8 fa!r1 & 8 bro!rs1 & 8 uncles are ,:igs or ,tories4 ,he may1 inde$1 h _m argum5ts at 8 comm& ) :i* to ma9ta9 8 op9ions1 b x is n ! =ce ( ! argum5ts t has conv9c$ him1 nor d !y h any =ce z a means ( conv9c+ ! o!r boys to :om he (f]s !m4 ,!y are controll$ by _! sympa?ies1 z he is by 84 ,b if he is a popul> boy1 & makes himself a favorite among 8 companions1 ! v fact t he is ( ?is or t p>ty w h m effect ^u ! o!r boys ?an ! mo/ logical & conclusive tra9s ( reason+ t c be conceiv$4 ,s x is ) ! religi\s & political diff]5ces 9 ?is & 9 e o!r c\ntry4 ,e "o's op9ions--or r ! op9ion ( p 9 g5]al1 = ( c\rse !re are _m individual exceptions--are =m$ f sympa?y ) ^? ) :om 9 m9d & he>t !y h be5 9 fri5dly communication dur+ _! ye>s ( *ildhood & y\?4 ,& ev5 9 ^? cases :]e p]sons *ange _! religi\s op9ions 9 adult age1 ! explanation ( ! my/]y is g5]ally to be f\nd1 n 9 seek+ = ! argum5t t conv9c$ !m1 b = ! p]son t l$ !m1 9 ! accompli%m5t ( ! *ange4 ,= su* *anges c v (t51 & p]haps g5]ally1 be trac$ to "s p]son or p]sons ^: influ5ce ov] !m1 if c>efully scrut9iz$1 w\ld be f\nd to consi/ really n 9 ! =ce ( ! argum5ts !y (f]$1 b 9 ! magic p[] ( a sil5t & p]haps unconsci\s sympa?y4 ,! way1 !re=e1 to conv]t p to our ideas & op9ions is to make !m l u or love u1 & !n to avoid argu+ ) !m1 b simply let !m p]ceive :at our ideas & op9ions are4 ,! well-kn[n prov]b1 ,example is bett] ?an precept1 is only ano!r =m ( express+ ! pr$om9at+ p[] ( sympa?y2 = example c h little influ5ce except s f> z a sympa!tic feel+ 9 ! obs]v] leads him to imitate x4 ,s t1 example is bett] ?an precept means only t sympa?y has m influ5ce 9 ! human he>t ?an reason+4 ,! ,p[] ( ,sympa?y 9 ,*ildhood4 ,?is pr9ciple1 s p[]ful at e p]iod ( life1 is at its maximum 9 *ildhood4 ,x is ! orig91 9 a v great degree1 ( ! _s ( imitation :i* =ms s rem>kable a *>act]i/ic ( ! fir/ ye>s ( life4 ,! *ild's ?\ghts & feel+s be+ spontane\sly drawn into h>mony ) ! ?\ghts & feel+s ( ^? ar\nd him :om he loves1 leads1 ( c\rse1 to a reproduction ( _! actions1 & ! preval5ce & univ]sality ( ! effect %[s h[ con/ant & h[ p[]ful is ! cause4 ,s ! great secret ( success = a "m1 9 ! =mation ( ! "* ( h] *ildr51 is to make h] *ildr5 respect & love h]1 & !n simply to be h]self :at %e wi%es !m to be4 ,& to make !m respect & love h]1 is to control !m by a firm gov]nm5t :]e control is requir$1 & to indulge !m almo/ )\t limit :]e indulg5ce w d no h>m4 ,special ,application ( ! ,pr9ciple4 ,b besides ?is g5]al effect ( ! pr9ciple ( sympa?y 9 aid+ p>5ts 9 =m+ ! m9ds & he>ts ( _! *ildr51 !re are a great _m cases 9 :i* a fa!r or "m :o und]/&s ! secret ( its wond]ful & almo/ magic p[] c avail !mselves ( x to produce special effects4 ,"o or two examples w %[ m cle>ly :at ,i mean4 ,william's aunt ,m>ia came to pay 8 "m a visit 9 ! village :]e ,william's "m liv$4 ,on ! same day %e w5t to take a walk ) ,william--:o is ab\t n9e ye>s old--to see ! village4 ,z !y w5t along toge!r ^u ! sidewalk1 !y came to two small boys :o 7 try+ to fly a kite4 ,"o ( ! boys 0 /&+ ^u ! sidewalk1 emb>rass$ a little by "s entanglem5t ( ! /r+4 ,"h1 y fell[6 said ,william1 z he & 8 aunt approa*$ ! spot1 get out ( ! way ) y\r kite1 & let u g by4 ,! boy hurri$ out ( ! way1 &1 9 s do+1 got 8 kite-/r+ m entangl$ /ill 9 ! bran*es ( a tree :i* grew at ! m>g9 ( ! sidewalk4 ,n[ ,william's aunt might h tak5 ! occasion1 z %e & h] nephew walk$ along1 to give him "s k9d & fri5dly in/ruction or c\nsel ab\t ! duty ( be+ k9d to e body 9 any difficulty1 tr\ble1 or p]plexity1 :e!r !y are "y or old2 %[+ him h[ we increase ! g5]al sum ( happ9ess 9 s do+1 & h[ we feel happi] ourselves :5 we h done good to any "o1 ?an :5 we h increas$ 9 any way1 or ev5 slight$ or disreg>d$1 _! tr\bles4 ,h[ ,william w\ld receive su* a lecture w\ld dep5d a great deal ^u 8 disposition & /ate ( m9d4 ,b 9 mo/ cases su* c\nsels1 giv5 at su* a "t1 involv+1 z !y w\ld1 "s cov]t ?\gh v g5tle c5sure1 w\ld cause ! he>t ( ! boy to close itself 9 a great] or less degree aga9/ !m1 l ! leaves ( a s5sitive-plant %r9k+ f ! t\*4 ,! reply w\ld v probably be1 ,well1 he _h no bus9ess to be on ! sidewalk1 "r 9 our way4 ,william & 8 aunt walk$ on a few /eps4 ,8 aunt !n /opp$1 hesitat+ly1 & said1 ,h[ w\ld x d to g back & help t boy dis5tangle 8 kite-/r+8 ,he's a little fell[1 & does n "k s mu* ab\t kites & kite-/r+s z y d4 ,"h ! sugge/ion ( giv+ help to p]plexity & di/ress came associat$ ) a complim5t in/ead ( :at impli$ c5sure1 & ! leaves ( ! s5sitive-plant exp&$ at once1 & widely1 to ! g5ial influ5ce4 ,yes1 said ,william2 let's g4 ,s 8 aunt turn$ & w5t back a /ep or two1 & !n said1 ,y c g & d x )\t me4 ,i'll wait "h till y come back4 ,i don't suppose y want any help f me4 ,if y d1 ,i'll come4 ,no1 aid ,william1 ,i c d x alone4 ,s ,william ran on ) great alacrity to help ! boys cle> ! /r+1 & !n came back ) a beam+ face to 8 aunt1 & !y walk$ on4 ,william's aunt made no fur!r allusion to ! affair until ! end ( ! walk1 & !n1 on ent]+ ! gate1 %e said1 ,we h _h a v pleasant walk1 & y h tak5 v good c>e ( me4 ,& ,i am glad we help$ ^? boys out ( _! tr\ble ) ! kite4 ,s am ,i1 said ,william4 ,analysis ( ! ,incid5t4 ,n[ x is possible t "s "o may say t ,william 0 wrong 9 8 h>% treatm5t ( ! boys1 or at lea/ 9 8 want ( consid]ation = _! p]plexity2 & t 8 aunt1 by h] mode ( treat+ ! case1 cov]$ up ! wrong1 :5 x ought to h be5 br\ght di/9ctly to view & op5ly am5d$4 ,b :5 we come to analyze ! case1 we %all f9d t x is n at all c]ta9 t !re 0 any ?+ wrong on ,william's "p 9 ! transaction1 s f> z ! /ate ( 8 he>t1 9 a moral po9t ( view1 is conc]n$4 ,all su* incid5ts are v complicat$ 9 _! nature1 & 9 _! be>+s & relations4 ,!y pres5t _m aspects :i* v>y accord+ to ! po9t ( view f :i* !y are reg>d$4 ,ev5 gr[n p d n always see all ! diff]5t aspects ( an affair 9 respect to :i* !y are call$ ^u to act or to =m an op9ion1 & *ildr51 p]haps1 nev]2 & 9 judg+ _! conduct1 we mu/ always consid] ! aspect 9 :i* ! action is pres5t$ to _! m9ds4 ,9 ?is case1 ,william 0 ?9k+ only ( 8 aunt4 ,he wi%$ to make h] walk conv5i5t & agreeable to h]4 ,! boy dis5tangl+ 8 /r+ on ! sidewalk 0 to him1 at t "t1 simply an ob/acle 9 8 aunt's way1 & he dealt ) x z su*1 s5d+ ! boy (f z an act ( k9dness & att5tion to 8 aunt solely4 ,! idea ( a s5ti5t be+ suff]+ di/ress :i* he might ei!r increase by h>%ness or relieve by help 0 n pres5t 9 8 m9d at all4 ,we may say t he ought to h ?\ght ( ?is4 ,b a y\?ful m9d1 /ill imp]fect 9 its developm5t1 c n be expect$ to take cognizance at once ( all ! aspects ( a transaction :i* t5ds 9 diff]5t directions to diff]5t results4 ,x is true1 t he ought to h ?\ght ( ! di/ress ( ! boys1 if we mean t he ought to be taught or tra9$ to ?9k ( su* di/ress :5 he witness$ x2 & t 0 exactly :at 8 aunt 0 endeavor+ to d4 ,we ourselves h le>n$1 by long exp]i5ce ( life1 to p]ceive at once ! _m diff]5t aspects :i* an affair may pres5t1 & ! _m diff]5t results :i* may fl[ 9 v>i\s directions f ! same action2 & we (t5 inconsid]ately blame *ildr51 simply because _! m9ds are yet s imp]fectly develop$ t !y c n take simultane\s cognizance ( m ?an "o or two ( !m4 ,?is is ! true philosophy ( mo/ ( :at is call$ he$lessness 9 *ildr51 & = :i*1 poor ?+s1 !y receive s _m h>% reprim&s & s mu* puni%m5t4 ,a little girl1 = example1 und]takes to wat] h] si/]'s plants4 ,9 h] praisewor?y desire to d h] "w well & ?or\ghly1 %e fills ! mug too full1 & spills ! wat] ^u "s books t are ly+ ^u ! table4 ,! explanation ( ! mis=tune is simply t h] m9d 0 fill$1 completely fill$1 ) ! ?\ghts ( help+ h] si/]4 ,! ?\ght ( ! possibility ( spill+ ! wat] did n come into x at all4 ,!re 0 no room = x :ile ! o!r ?\ght1 s engross+1 0 !re2 & to say t %e ought to h ?\ght ( bo? ! results :i* might foll[ h] action1 is only to say t %e ought to be old]4 ,sympa?y z ! ,orig9 ( *ildi% ,fe>s4 ,! p[] ( sympa?y 9 ! m9d ( a *ild--t is1 its t5d5cy to imbibe ! op9ions or s5tim5ts manife/$ by o!rs 9 _! pres5ce--may be made v effectual1 n only 9 inculcat+ pr9ciples ( "r & wrong1 b 9 relation to e o!r idea or emotion4 ,*ildr5 are afraid ( ?und] & lightn+1 or ( robb]s at night1 or ( gho/s1 because !y p]ceive t _! p>5ts1 or old] bro!rs or si/]s1 are afraid ( !m4 ,:]e ! p>5ts d n believe 9 gho/s1 ! *ildr5 are n afraid ( !m2 unless1 inde$1 !re are dome/ics 9 ! h\se1 or playmates at s*ool1 or o!r companions f :om !y take ! contagion4 ,s1 :at !y see t _! p>5ts value !y prize !mselves4 ,!y imbibe f _! playmates at s*ool a v l>ge proportion ( _! ta/es1 _! op9ions1 & _! ideas1 n ?r\gh argum5ts or reason+1 b f sympa?y2 & mo/ ( ! wrong or fooli% notions ( any k9d t !y h acquir$ h n be5 e/abli%$ 9 _! m9ds by false reason+1 b h be5 tak5 by sympa?y1 z a disease is communicat$ by infection2 & ! rem$y is 9 mo/ cases1 n reason+1 b a c\nt]vail+ sympa?y4 ,afraid ( a ,kitt54 ,little ,jane 0 v mu* afraid ( a kitt5 :i* h] bro!r br\ght home--! fir/ t %e _h kn[n4 ,%e _h1 h[ev]1 se5 a picture ( a tig] or "s o!r fel9e animal dev\r+ a man 9 a =e/1 & _h be5 fright5$ by x2 & %e _h he>d too1 p]haps1 ( *ildr5 be+ scrat*$ by cats or kitt5s4 ,s1 :5 ! kitt5 0 br\ght 9 & put d[n on ! floor1 %e ran to h] si/] 9 great t]ror1 & began to cry4 ,n[ h] si/] might h attempt$ to reason ) h] by expla9+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! kitt5 & ! wild animals ( ! same class 9 ! woods1 & by assur+ h] t ?\s&s ( *ildr5 h kitt5s to play ) & are nev] scrat*$ by !m s long z !y treat !m k9dly--& all )\t produc+ any s5sible effect4 ,b1 in/ead ( ?is1 %e adopt$ a diff]5t plan4 ,%e took ! *ild up into h] lap1 & aft] quiet+ h] fe>s1 began to talk to ! kitt54 ,poor little pussy1 said %e1 ,i am glad y h come4 ,y nev] scrat* any body1 ,i am sure1 if !y are k9d to y4 ,j5nie w give y "s milk "s day1 & %e & ,i w l to see y lap x up ) y\r pretty little tongue4 ,& we w give y a ball to play ) "s day ^u ! c>pet4 ,see1 ,j5nie1 see6 ,%e is go+ to lie d[n ^u ! rug4 ,%e is glad t %e has come to su* a nice home4 ,n[ %e is putt+ h] head d[n1 b %e has n any pill[ to lay x ^u4 ,w\ldn't y l a pill[1 kitty8 ,j5nie w make y a pill[ "s day1 ,i am sure1 if y w\ld l "o4 ,j5nie is beg9n+ to le>n to sew1 & %e c\ld make y a nice pill[1 & /uff x ) cotton wool4 ,!n we c see y ly+ d[n ^u ! rug1 ) ! pill[ "u y\r head t ,j5nie w h made = y--all com=table4 ,su* a talk z ?is1 ?\gh x c\ld n be expect$ entirely & at once to dispel ,j5nie's unf\nd$ fe>s1 w\ld be f> m effectual t[>ds beg9n+ ! desir$ *ange ?an any argum5ts or reason+ c\ld possibly be4 ,any "m :o w reflect ^u ! pr9ciple "h expla9$ w at once recall to m9d _m examples & illu/rations ( its p[] ov] ! he>ts & m9ds ( *ildr5 :i* h] own exp]i5ce has af=d$4 ,& if %e beg9s practically & sy/ematically to appeal to x1 %e w f9d h]self 9 possession ( a new elem5t ( p[]--new1 at lea/1 to h] realization--! ex]cise ( :i* w be z easy & agreeable to h]self z x w be effective 9 its influ5ce ov] h] *ildr54 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,sympa?y3--,,ii4 ,,! ,,p>5t ,,) ,,! ,,*ild4 ,i ?9k !re c be no d\bt t ! mo/ effectual way ( secur+ ! confid5ce & love ( *ildr51 & ( acquir+ an asc5d5cy ov] !m1 is by sympa?iz+ ) !m 9 _! *ild-l hopes & fe>s1 & joys & sorr[s--9 _! ideas1 _! fancies1 & ev5 9 _! caprices1 9 all cases :]e duty is n conc]n$4 ,inde$1 ! m *ild-l1 t is1 ! m peculi> to ! *ildr5 !mselves1 ! feel+s are t we ent] into ) !m1 ! clos] is ! bond ( k9dness & affection t is =m$4 ,an ,example4 ,if a g5tleman com+ to reside 9 a new t[n concludes t x is desirable t he %\ld be on good t]ms ) ! boys 9 ! /reets1 !re are v>i\s ways by :i* he c seek to accompli% ! end4 ,=tunately = him1 ! simple/ & easie/ mode is ! mo/ effectual4 ,on go+ into ! village "o day1 we w suppose he sees two small boys play+ horse4 ,"o boy is horse1 & ! o!r driv]4 ,z !y draw ne>1 !y *eck ! play a little1 to be m decor\s 9 pass+ by ! /rang]4 ,he /ops to look at !m ) a pleas$ expression ( c\nt5ance1 & !n says1 address+ ! driv]1 ) a face ( mu* s]i\sness1 ,t's a fir/-rate horse ( y\rs4 ,w\ld y l to sell him8 ,he seems to be v spirit$4 ,! horse imm$iately beg9s to prance & cap]4 ,y mu/ h paid a high price = him4 ,y mu/ take good c>e ( him4 ,give him pl5ty ( oats1 & don't drive him h>d :5 x is hot wea!r4 ,& if ev] y conclude to sell him1 ,i wi% y w\ld let me "k4 ,s say+1 ! g5tleman walks on1 & ! horse1 foll[$ by 8 driv]1 goes gallop+ =w>d 9 high glee4 ,n[1 by simply manife/+ ?us a fell[-feel+ ) ! boys 9 _! *ildi% play1 ! /rang] n only gives a fre% impulse to _! enjoym5t at ! "t1 b e/abli%es a fri5dly relation%ip betwe5 !m & him :i*1 )\t 8 do+ any ?+ to /r5g!n or p]petuate x1 w ( itself endure = a long "t4 ,if he does n speak to ! boys aga9 = mon?s1 e "t !y meet him !y w be ready to greet him ) a smile4 ,! incid5t w g mu* f>!r t[>ds e/abli%+ fri5dly relations betwe5 him & !m ?an any pres5ts t he c\ld make !m--except s f> z 8 pres5ts 7 ( su* a k9d1 & 7 giv5 9 su* a way1 z to be expressions ( k9dly feel+ t[>ds !m--t is to say1 su* z to con/itute ( !mselves a manife/ation ( sympa?y4 ,! uncle :o gives 8 nephews & nieces pres5ts1 let !m be ev] s co/ly or beautiful1 & takes no int]e/ 9 _! affairs1 nev] inspires !m ) any feel+ ( p]sonal affection4 ,!y l him z !y l ! apple-tree :i* be>s !m sweet & juicy apples1 or ! c[ t gives !m milk--:i* is on _! "p a v diff]5t s5tim5t f t :i* !y feel = ! kitt5 t plays ) !m & %>es _! joys--or ev5 = _! dolls1 :i* are only pictur$ 9 _! imag9ation z %>+ !m4 ,sophronia & ,aurelia4 ,miss ,sophronia calls at a h\se to make a visit4 ,a *ild ( sev5 or eight ye>s ( age is play+ ^u ! floor4 ,aft] a little "t1 at a pause 9 ! conv]sation1 %e calls ! *ild--address+ h] z ,my little girl--to come to h]4 ,! *ild--a %ade be+ ca/ ov] h] m9d by be+ ?us unnecess>ily rem9d$ ( h] littl5ess--hesitates to come4 ,! "m says1 ,come & %ake h&s ) ! lady1 my de>6 ,! *ild comes reluctantly4 ,miss ,sophronia asks :at h] "n is1 h[ old %e is1 :e!r %e goes to s*ool1 :at %e /udies !re1 & :e!r %e likes to g to s*ool1 & at l5g? releases h]4 ,! *ild1 only too glad to be free f su* a tiresome visitor1 goes back to h] play1 & aft]w>ds ! only ideas %e has associat$ ) ! p]son ( h] visitor are ^? relat+ to h] s*ool & h] lessons1 :i* may or may n be ( an agreeable "*4 ,pres5tly1 aft] ,miss ,sophronia has gone1 ,miss ,aurelia comes 94 ,aft] "s conv]sation ) ! "m1 %e goes to see :at ! *ild is build+ ) h] blocks4 ,aft] look+ on = a mom5t ) an expression ( int]e/ 9 h] c\nt5ance1 %e asks h] if %e has a doll4 ,! *ild says %e has f\r4 ,miss ,aurelia !n asks :i* %e likes be/1 & expresses a desire to see t "o4 ,! *ild1 mu* pleas$1 runs away to br+ x1 & pres5tly comes back ) all f\r4 ,miss ,aurelia takes !m 9 h] h&s1 exam9es !m1 talks ab\t !m1 & talks to !m2 & :5 at la/ ! *ild goes back to h] play1 %e goes ) ! feel+ 9 h] he>t t %e has f\nd a new fri5d4 ,?us1 to br+ ourselves ne> to ! he>ts ( *ildr51 we mu/ g to !m by ent]+ into _! _w4 ,!y c n come to u by ent]+ ours4 ,!y h no exp]i5ce ( x1 & c n und]/& x4 ,b we h _h exp]i5ce ( !irs1 & c ent] x if we *oose2 & 9 t way we br+ ourselves v ne> to !m4 ,sympa?y mu/ be ,s9c]e4 ,b ! sympa?y :i* we ?us express ) *ildr51 9 ord] to be effectual1 mu/ be s9c]e & g5u9e1 & n pret5d$4 ,we mu/ r5ew our own *ildi% ideas & imag9ations1 & become = ! mom5t1 9 feel+1 "o ) !m1 s t ! int]e/ :i* we express 9 :at !y are say+ or do+ may be real1 & n m]ely assum$4 ,!y seem to h a natural in/9ct to di/+ui% betwe5 an hone/ & actual %>+ ( _! ?\ghts & emotions1 & all m]e condesc5sion & pret5se1 h[ev] adroitly x may be disguis$4 ,want ( ,"t4 ,"s mo!rs may p]haps say t !y h n "t ?us to ent] into ! ideas & occupations ( _! *ildr54 ,!y are engross$ ) ! s]i\s c>es ( life1 or busy ) its v>i\s occupations4 ,b x does n require "t4 ,x is n a "q ( "t1 b ( mann]4 ,! f>m]'s wife1 = example1 is busy iron+1 or sew+1 or prep>+ breakfa/ = h] husb& & sons1 :o are expect$ e mom5t to come 9 hungry f _! "w4 ,h] little daught]1 t5 ye>s old1 comes to %[ h] a %awl %e has be5 mak+ f a piece ( calico = h] doll4 ,! busy "m ?9ks %e mu/ say1 ,yes2 b run away n[1 ,m>y2 ,i am v busy6--because t is ! easie/ & quicke/ ?+ to say2 b x is j z easy & j z quick to say1 ,:at a pretty %awl6 ,play n[ t y are go+ to take ,m9ette out = a walk 9 x6 ,! "o mode s5ds ! *ild away repuls$ & a little disappo9t$2 ! o!r pleases h] & makes h] happy1 & t5ds1 moreov]1 to =m a new bond ( union & sympa?y betwe5 h] "m's he>t & h] own4 ,a m]*ant1 engross$ all day 9 8 bus9ess1 comes home to 8 h\se at d9n]-"t1 & meets 8 boy ( fifte5 on ! /eps return+ f 8 s*ool4 ,well1 ,james1 he says1 z !y walk toge!r up /airs1 ,i hope y h be5 a good boy at s*ool to-day4 ,james1 n kn[+ :at to say1 makes "s inaudible or unmean+ reply4 ,8 fa!r !n goes on to say t he hopes 8 boy w be dilig5t & att5tive to 8 /udies1 & improve 8 "t well1 z 8 future success 9 life w dep5d ^u ! use :i* he makes ( 8 advantages :ile he is "y2 & !n leaves him at ! head ( ! /airs1 ea* to g to 8 room4 ,all ?is is v well4 ,advice giv5 "u su* circum/ances & 9 su* a way produces1 und\bt$ly1 a c]ta9 good effect1 b x does n t5d at all to br+ ! fa!r & son toge!r4 ,b if1 in/ead ( giv+ ?is common-place advice1 ! fa!r asks--suppos+ x to be w9t] at ! "t--,:i* k9d ( skates are ! mo/ popul> among ! boys n[adays1 ,james8 ,!n1 aft] he>+ 8 reply1 he asks him :at 8 op9ion is1 & :e!r any great improvem5t has be5 made )9 a %ort "t1 & :e!r ! pat5t inv5tions are any ( !m ( mu* consequ5ce4 ,! t5d5cy ( su* a conv]sation z ?is1 equally brief ) ! o!r1 w be to draw ! fa!r & son m toge!r4 ,ev5 9 a moral po9t ( view1 ! influ5ce w\ld be1 indirectly1 v salut>y2 = al?\gh no moral c\nsel or in/ruction 0 giv5 at ! "t1 ! effect ( su* a p>ticipation 9 ! ?\ghts ) :i* ! boy's m9d is occupi$ is to /r5g!n ! bond ( union betwe5 ! he>t ( ! boy & t ( 8 fa!r1 & ?us to make ! boy f> m ready to receive & be guid$ by ! advice or admonitions ( 8 fa!r on o!r occasions4 ,let no "o suppose1 f ^! illu/rations1 t !y are int5d$ to inculcate ! idea t a fa!r is to lay aside ! p>5tal c\nsels & in/ructions t he has be5 accu/om$ to give to 8 *ildr51 & replace !m by talks ab\t skates6 ,!y are only int5d$ to %[ "o aspect ( ! diff]5ce ( effect produc$ by ! two k9ds ( conv]sation1 & t ! fa!r1 if he wi%es to ga9 & reta9 an influ5ce ov] ! he>ts ( 8 boys1 mu/ desc5d sometimes into ! _w 9 :i* !y live1 & ) :i* _! ?\ghts are occupi$1 & mu/ ent] x1 n m]ely z a spectator1 or a fault-f9d]1 or a c\nsellor1 b z a %>]1 to "s ext5t1 9 ! ideas & feel+s :i* are appropriate to x4 ,asc5d5cy ov] ! ,m9ds ( ,*ildr54 ,sympa?iz+ ) *ildr5 9 _! own pleasures & enjoym5ts1 h[ev] *ildi% !y may seem to u :5 we d n reg>d !m1 z x 71 ) *ildr5's eyes1 is1 p]haps1 ! mo/ p[]ful ( all ! means at our comm& = ga9+ a p[]ful asc5d5cy ov] !m4 ,?is w lead u n to int]f]e ) _! own plans & ideas1 b to be will+ t !y %\ld be happy 9 _! own way4 ,9 respect to _! duties1 ^? connect$1 = example1 ) _! /udies1 _! s]i\s employm5ts1 & _! compliance ) directions ( any k9d emanat+ f sup]ior au?ority1 ( c\rse _! w mu/ be "u absolute subjection to t ( ^? :o are old] & wis] ?an !y4 ,9 all su* ?+s !y mu/ br+ _! ?\ghts & actions into accord ) ours4 ,9 ^! ?+s !y mu/ come to u1 n we to !m4 ,b 9 e ?+ t relates to _! *ild-l pleasures & joys1 _! modes ( recreation & amusem5t1 _! playful explorations ( ! my/]ies ( ?+s1 & ! v>i\s novelties ar\nd !m 9 ! /range _w into :i* !y f9d !mselves u%]$--9 all ^! ?+s we mu/ n attempt to br+ !m to u1 b mu/ g to !m4 ,9 ?is1 _! own sph]e1 ! m p]fectly !y are at lib]ty1 ! bett]2 & if we jo9 !m 9 x at all1 we mu/ d s by br++ our ideas & wi%es into accord ) !irs4 ,fooli% ,fe>s4 ,! effect ( our sympa?y ) *ildr5 9 w9n+ _! confid5ce & love1 is all ! m p[]ful :5 x is ex]cis$ 9 cases :]e !y are naturally incl9$ n to expect sympa?y--t is1 9 relation to feel+s :i* !y w\ld suppose t old] p]sons w\ld be incl9$ to condemn4 ,p]haps ! mo/ /rik+ example ( ?is is 9 :at is commonly call$ fooli% fe>s4 ,n[ a fe> is fooli% or o!rwise1 n accord+ to ! absolute facts involv+ ! suppos$ dang]1 b accord+ to ! means :i* ! p]son 9 "q has ( kn[+ ! facts4 ,a lady1 = example1 9 pass+ along ! sidewalk ( a great city comes to a place :]e workm5 are rais+ an imm5se & pond]\s iron safe1 :i*1 sl[ly ris+1 hangs susp5d$ tw5ty feet above ! walk4 ,%e is afraid to pass "u x4 ,! =eman1 h[ev]1 :o is engag$ 9 direct+ ! op]ation1 pass+ freely to & fro "u ! imp5d+ weight1 z he has occasion1 & )\t ! lea/ conc]n1 smiles1 p]haps1 at ! lady's fooli% fe>s4 ,b ! fe>s :i* might1 p]haps1 be fooli% 9 him1 are n s 9 h]1 s9ce he kn[s ! nature & ! /r5g? ( ! ma*9]y & securities above1 & %e does n4 ,%e only kn[s t accid5ts d sometimes happ5 f want ( due precaution 9 rais+ heavy weights1 & %e does n "k1 & has no means ( kn[+1 :e!r or n ! due precautions h be5 tak5 9 ?is case4 ,s %e manife/s good s5se1 & n folly1 9 go+ out ( h] way to avoid all possibility ( dang]4 ,?is is really ! prop] explanation ( a l>ge class ( :at are usually t]m$ fooli% fe>s4 ,view$ 9 ! light ( ! individual's k ( ! facts 9 ! case1 !y are s5sible fe>s1 & n fooli% ones at all4 ,a girl ( twelve1 f ! city1 sp5d+ ! summ] 9 ! c\ntry1 wi%es to g d[n to ! riv] to jo9 h] bro!rs !re1 b is /opp$ by obs]v+ a c[ 9 a field :i* %e has to cross4 ,%e comes back to ! h\se1 & is !re laugh$ at = h] fooli%ness 9 be+2 afraid ( a c[6 ,b :y %\ld %e n be afraid ( a c[8 ,%e has he>d /ories ( p be+ gor$ by bulls1 & sometimes by c[s1 & %e has no means :atev] ( e/imat+ ! reality or ! ext5t ( ! dang] 9 any p>ticul> case4 ,! f>m]'s daught]s1 h[ev]1 :o laugh at h]1 "k ! c[ 9 "q p]fectly well4 ,!y h milk$ h]1 & f$ h]1 & ti$ h] up to h] mang] a hundr$ times2 s1 :ile x w\ld be a v fooli% ?+ = !m to be afraid to cross a field :]e ! c[ 0 fe$+1 x is a v s5sible ?+ = ! /rang]-girl f ! city to be s4 ,nor w\ld x c]ta9ly *ange ! case mu* = ! *ild1 if ! f>m]'s girls 7 to assure h] t ! c[ 0 p]fectly peaceable1 & t !re 0 no dang]2 = %e does n "k ! girls any bett] ?an %e does ! c[1 & c n judge h[ f> _! /atem5ts or op9ions are to be reli$ ^u4 ,x may possibly n be ! c[ !y ?9k x is4 ,!y are v positive1 x is true2 b v positive p are (t5 mi/ak54 ,besides1 ! c[ may be peaceable ) !m1 & yet be dispos$ to attack a /rang]4 ,:at a *ild requires 9 su* a case is sympa?y & help1 n ridicule4 ,illu/ration3 ,,afraid ,,( ,,! ,,c[4 ,?is1 9 ! case suppos$1 %e meets 9 ! =m ( ! f>m]'s son1 a "y man br[n$ 9 face & pla9 9 attire1 :o comes along :ile %e /&s loit]+ at ! f5ce look+ at ! c[1 & n d>+ aft] all1 not)/&+ ! assurances %e has receiv$ at ! h\se1 to cross ! field4 ,8 "n is ,joseph1 & he is a natural g5tleman--a class ( p]sons ( :om a mu* l>g] numb] is f\nd 9 ?is humble guise1 & a mu* small] numb] 9 proportion among ! fa%ionables 9 elegant life1 ?an is (t5 suppos$4 ,yes1 says ,joseph1 aft] he>+ ! *ild's /atem5t ( ! case1 y are "r4 ,c[s are sometimes vici\s1 ,i "k2 & y are p]fectly "r to be on y\r gu>d aga9/ su* z y d n "k :5 y meet !m 9 ! c\ntry4 ,?is "o1 z x happ5s1 is v k9d2 b /ill1 ,i w g ?r\gh ! field ) y4 ,s he goes ) h] ?r\gh ! field1 /opp+ on ! way to talk a little to ! c[1 & to fe$ h] ) an apple :i* he has 9 8 pocket4 ,x is 9 ?is _s t ! fe>s1 & antipa?ies1 & false imag9ations ( *ildr5 are g5]ally to be dealt )2 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 !re may be _m exceptions to ! g5]al rule4 ,:5 ,*ildr5 are 9 ! ,wrong4 ,!re is a c]ta9 s5se 9 :i* we %\ld feel a sympa?y ) *ildr5 9 ! wrong t !y d4 ,x w\ld seem p>adoxical to say t 9 any s5se !re %\ld be sympa?y ) s91 & yet !re is a s5se 9 :i* ?is is true1 ?\gh p]haps1 /rictly speak+1 x is sympa?y ) ! trial & temptation :i* l$ to ! s91 r ?an ) ! act ( transgression itself4 ,9 :atev] light a nice metaphysical analysis w\ld lead u to reg>d x1 x is c]ta9 t ! mo/ successful ef=ts t h be5 made by philan?ropi/s = rea*+ ! he>ts & re=m+ ! conduct ( crim9als & malefactors h be5 prompt$ by a feel+ ( compassion = !m1 n m]ely = ! sorr[s & suff]+s :i* !y h br\ght ^u !mselves by _! wrongdo+1 b = ! m5tal conflicts :i* !y endur$1 ! fi]ce impulses ( appetite & passion1 m or less connect$ ) & dep5d5t ^u ! mat]ial condition ( ! bodily organs1 "u ! onset ( :i* _! feeble moral s5se1 nev] really br\ght into a condition ( heal? & vigor1 0 ov]-borne4 ,^! m]ciful views ( ! diseas$ condition & action ( ! s\l 9 ! commission ( crime are n only 9 !mselves "r views = man to take ( ! crimes & s9s ( 8 fell[-man1 b !y lie at ! f\ndation ( all ef=t t c af=d any s]i\s hope ( promot+ re=mation4 ,?is pr9ciple is em95tly true 9 its application to *ildr54 ,!y ne$ ! influ5ce ( a k9d & consid]ate sympa?y :5 !y h done wrong1 m1 p]haps1 ?an at any o!r "t2 & ! effects ( ! prop] manife/ation ( ?is sympa?y on ! "p ( ! "m w1 p]haps1 be great] & m salut>y 9 ?is case ?an 9 any o!r4 ,( c\rse ! sympa?y mu/ be ( ! "r k9d1 & mu/ be express$ 9 ! "r way1 s z n to all[ ! t5d]ness or compassion = ! wrong-do] to be mi/ak5 = approval or ju/ification ( ! wrong4 ,case suppos$4 ,a boy1 = in/ance1 comes home f s*ool 9 a /ate ( great di/ress1 & p]haps ( indignation & res5tm5t1 on acc\nt ( hav+ be5 puni%$4 ,mo!rs sometimes say at once1 9 su* a case1 ,i don't pity y at all4 ,i h no d\bt y des]v$ x4 ,?is only increases ! tumult ( commotion 9 ! boy's m9d1 )\t at all t5d+ to help him to feel a s5se ( 8 guilt4 ,8 m9d1 /ill imp]fectly develop$1 c n take cognizance simultane\sly ( all ! p>ts & all ! aspects ( a complicat$ transaction4 ,! s5se ( 8 wrong-do+1 :i* =ms 9 8 tea*]'s & 9 8 "m's m9d s ess5tial a "p ( ! transaction1 is n pres5t 9 8 conceptions at all4 ,!re is no room = x1 s totally engross$ are all 8 faculties ) ! /++ recollections ( suff]+1 ! tumultu\s emotions ( ang] & res5tm5t1 & n[ ) ! additional ?\ght t ev5 8 "m has tak5 "p aga9/ him4 ,! "m's conception ( ! transaction is equally limit$ & imp]fect1 ?\gh 9 a diff]5t way4 ,%e ?9ks only t if %e 7 to treat ! *ild ) k9dness & sympa?y1 %e w\ld be tak+ ! "p ( a bad boy aga9/ 8 tea*]2 :]eas1 9 reality1 %e might d x 9 su* a way z only to be tak+ ! "p ( a suff]+ boy aga9/ 8 pa94 ,x w\ld seem t ! true & prop] c\rse = a "m to take ) a *ild 9 su* a case w\ld be to soo! & calm 8 agitation1 & to li/51 if ne$ be1 to 8 acc\nt ( ! affair1 )\t que/ion+ or controv]t+ x at all1 h[ev] pla9ly %e may see t1 "u ! bl9d+ & di/ort+ influ5ce ( 8 excitem5t1 he is misrepres5t+ ! facts4 ,let him tell 8 /ory4 ,li/5 to x pati5tly to ! end4 ,x is n necess>y to express or ev5 to =m an op9ion on ! m]its ( x4 ,! ready & will+ he>+ ( "o side ( a case does n commit ! tribunal to a decision 9 favor ( t side4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is ! only way to give weight & a s5se ( imp>tiality to a decision aga9/ x4 ,?us ! "m may sympa?ize ) h] boy 9 8 tr\bles1 appreciate fully ! =ce ( ! circum/ances :i* l$ him into ! wrong1 & help to soo! & calm 8 agitation1 & ?us take 8 "p1 & place h]self closely to him 9 respect to 8 suff]+1 )\t committ+ h]self at all 9 reg>d to ! orig9al cause ( x2 & !n1 at a subsequ5t "t1 :5 ! tumult ( 8 s\l has subsid$1 %e c1 if %e ?9ks be/1 f> m easily & effectually lead him to see :]e9 he 0 wrong4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,comm5dation ,,& ,,enc\ragem5t4 ,we are v apt to imag9e t ! disposition to d "r is1 or ought to be1 ! natural & normal condition ( *ildhood1 & t do+ wrong is some?+ unnatural & exceptional ) *ildr54 ,z a consequ5ce1 :5 !y d "r we ?9k !re is no?+ to be said4 ,t is1 or ought to be1 a matt] ( c\rse4 ,x is only :5 !y d wrong t we notice _! conduct1 & !n1 ( c\rse1 ) c5sure & reproa*es4 ,?us our discipl9e consi/s ma9ly1 n 9 g5tly lead+ & enc\rag+ !m 9 ! "r way1 b 9 det]r+ !m1 by fault-f9d+ & puni%m5t1 f go+ wrong4 ,n[ we ought n to =get t 9 respect to moral conduct z well z to m5tal atta9m5ts *ildr5 "k no?+ :5 !y come into ! _w1 b h e ?+ to le>n1 ei!r f ! in/ructions or f ! example ( ^? ar\nd !m4 ,we d n propose to ent] at all into ! consid]ation ( ! v>i\s !ological & metaphysical !ories held by diff]5t classes ( philosoph]s 9 respect to ! native con/itution & orig9al t5d5cies ( ! human s\l1 b to look at ! ph5om5a ( m5tal & moral action 9 a pla9 & practical way1 z !y pres5t !mselves to ! obs]vation ( mo!rs 9 ! e-day walks ( life4 ,& 9 ord] ! bett] to avoid any complication ) ^! !ories1 we w take fir/ an extremely simple case1 namely1 ! fault ( mak+ too mu* noise 9 op5+ & %utt+ ! door 9 go+ 9 & out ( a room4 ,georgie & ,*>lie are two boys1 bo? ab\t five ye>s old1 & bo? prone to ! same fault4 ,we w suppose t _! mo!rs take opposite me?ods to correct !m2 ,georgie's "m dep5d+ ^u ! influ5ce ( comm5dation & enc\ragem5t :5 he does "r1 & ,*>lie's1 ^u ! efficacy ( reproa*es & puni%m5ts :5 he does wrong4 ,"o ,me?od4 ,georgie1 eag] to ask 8 "m "s "q1 or to obta9 "s p]mission 9 respect to 8 play1 bur/s into h] room "s morn+ ) great noise1 op5+ & %utt+ ! door viol5tly1 & mak+ mu* di/urbance4 ,9 a c]ta9 s5se he is n to blame = ?is1 = he is :olly unconsci\s ( ! di/urbance he makes4 ,! entire cognizant capacity ( 8 m9d is occupi$ ) ! object ( 8 reque/4 ,he n only _h no int5tion ( do+ any h>m1 b has no idea ( 8 hav+ done any4 ,8 "m takes no notice ( ! noise he made1 b answ]s 8 "q1 & he goes away mak+ almo/ z mu* noise 9 go+ out z he did 9 com+ 94 ,! next "t he comes 9 x happ5s--entirely by accid5t1 we w suppose--t he makes a little less noise ?an be=e4 ,?is furni%es 8 "m ) h] opportunity4 ,georgie1 %e says1 ,i see y are improv+4 ,improv+8 repeats ,georgie1 n kn[+ to :at 8 "m ref]s4 ,yes1 said 8 "m2 y are improv+1 9 com+ into ! room )\t mak+ a noise by op5+ & %utt+ ! door4 ,y did n make ne>ly z mu* noise ?is "t z y did be=e :5 y came 94 ,"s boys1 :5ev] !y come into a room1 make s mu* noise 9 op5+ & %utt+ ! door t x is v disagreeable4 ,if y g on improv+ z y h begun1 y w soon come 9 z /ill z any g5tleman4 ,! next "t t ,georgie comes 91 he takes ! utmo/ pa9s to op5 & %ut ! door z sil5tly z possible4 ,he makes 8 reque/4 ,8 "m %[s h]self unusually ready to grant x4 ,y op5$ & %ut ! door l a g5tleman1 %e says4 ,i ought to d e ?+ = y t ,i c1 :5 y take s mu* pa9s n to di/urb or tr\ble me4 ,ano!r ,me?od4 ,*>lie's "m1 on ! o!r h&1 acts on a diff]5t pr9ciple4 ,*>lie comes 9 sometimes1 we w suppose1 9 a quiet & prop] mann]4 ,8 "m takes no notice ( ?is4 ,%e consid]s x a matt] ( c\rse4 ,by-&-by1 h[ev]1 "u ! influ5ce ( "s special eag]ness1 he makes a great noise4 ,!n 8 "m int]poses4 ,%e breaks out ^u him )1 ,*>lie1 :at a noise y make6 ,don't y "k bett] ?an to slam ! do] 9 t way :5 y come 98 ,if y c't le>n to make less noise 9 go+ 9 & out1 ,i %all n let y g 9 & out at all4 ,*>lie kn[s v well t ?is is an empty ?reat4 ,/ill1 ! utt]ance ( x1 & ! scold+ t accompanies x1 irritate him a little1 & ! only possible good effect t c be expect$ to result f x is to make him try1 ! next "t he comes 91 to see h[ small an abatem5t ( ! noise he usually makes w d1 z a k9d ( make-believe ob$i5ce to 8 "m's comm&4 ,he might1 inde$1 hone/ly answ] 8 "m's angry "q by say+ t he does n "k bett] ?an to make su* a noise4 ,he does n "k :y ! noise ( ! door %\ld be disagreeable to 8 "m4 ,x is n disagreeable to him4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is agreeable4 ,*ildr5 always l noise1 especially if !y make x !mselves4 ,& al?\gh ,*>lie has (t5 be5 told t he mu/ n make any noise1 ! reason = ?is--namely1 t ?\gh noise is a s\rce ( pleasure1 g5]ally1 to *ildr51 especially :5 !y make x !mselves1 x is almo/ always a s\rce ( annoyance & pa9 to gr[n p]sons--has nev] really ent]$ 8 m9d s z to be actually compreh5d$ u a practical reality4 ,8 ideas 9 respect to ! philosophy ( ! transaction are1 ( c\rse1 exce$+ly vague2 b s f> z he =ms any idea1 x is t 8 "m's words are ! expression ( "s my/]i\s b unreasonable s5sitiv5ess on h] "p1 :i* awak5s 9 h] a _s ( fault-f9d+ & ill-humor t v5ts itself ^u him 9 blam+ him = no?+ at all2 or1 z he w\ld express x m t]sely1 if n s elegantly1 t %e is v cross4 ,9 o!r words1 ! impression made by ! transaction ^u 8 moral s5se is t ( wrong-do+ on 8 "m's "p1 & n at all on 8 own4 ,x is evid5t1 :5 we ?us look into ! secret work+s ( ?is me?od ( cur+ *ildr5 ( _! faults1 t ev5 :5 x is successful 9 re/ra9+ c]ta9 k9ds ( outw>d misconduct1 & is ?us ! means ( effect+ "s small am\nt ( good1 ! injury :i* x does by its reaction on ! _s ( ! *ild may be va/ly great]1 ?r\gh ! irritation & ill-humor :i* x occasions1 & ! impair+ ( 8 confid5ce 9 ! ju/ice & goodness ( 8 "m4 ,be=e leav+ ?is illu/ration1 x mu/ be c>efully obs]v$ t 9 ! fir/-m5tion$ case--namely1 t ( ,georgie--! "w ( cur+ ! fault 9 "q is n to be at all consid]$ z effect$ by ! /ep tak5 by 8 "m :i* has be5 already describ$4 ,t 0 only a beg9n+--a "r beg9n+1 x is true1 b /ill only a beg9n+4 ,x produc$ 9 him a cordial will+ness to d "r1 9 "o in/ance4 ,t is a great ?+1 b x is1 aft] all1 only "o s+le /ep4 ,! "w is n complete until a habit ( do+ "r is =m$1 :i* is ano!r ?+ altoge!r1 & requires special & cont9ual measures direct$ to ?is p>ticul> end4 ,*ildr5 h to be tra9$ 9 ! way !y %\ld g--n m]ely %[n ! way1 & induc$ to make a beg9n+ ( ent]+ x4 ,we w n[ try to %[ h[ ! influ5ce ( comm5dation & enc\ragem5t may be br\ght into action 9 ?is m ess5tial "p ( ! process4 ,habit to be ,=m$4 ,hav+ tak5 ! fir/ /ep already describ$1 ,georgie's "m f9ds "s prop] opportunity1 :5 %e c h ! undi/urb$ & undivid$ att5tion ( h] boy--p]haps at night1 aft] he has gone to 8 crib or 8 trundle-b$1 & j be=e %e leaves him2 or1 p]haps1 at "s "t :ile %e is at "w1 & he is sitt+ by h] side1 ) 8 m9d calm1 quiet1 & unoccupi$4 ,georgie1 %e says1 ,i h a plan to propose to y4 ,georgie is eag] to "k :at x is4 ,y "k h[ pleas$ ,i 0 :5 y came 9 s /ill to-day4 ,georgie rememb]s x v well4 ,x is v curi\s1 cont9u$ 8 "m1 t !re is a great diff]5ce betwe5 gr[n p & *ildr5 ab\t noise4 ,*ildr5 l almo/ all k9ds ( noises v mu*1 especially1 if !y make ! noises !mselves2 b gr[n p dislike !m ev5 m1 ,i ?9k1 ?an *ildr5 l !m4 ,if !re 7 a numb] ( boys 9 ! h\se1 & ,i %\ld tell !m t !y might run back & =? ?r\gh ! rooms1 & rattle & slam all ! doors z !y w5t z l\d z !y c\ld1 !y w\ld l x v mu*4 ,!y w\ld ?9k x excell5t fun4 ,yes1 says ,georgie1 inde$1 !y w\ld4 ,i wi% y w\ld let u d x "s day4 ,b gr[n p1 cont9ues 8 "m1 w\ld n l su* an amusem5t at all4 ,on ! contr>y1 su* a racket w\ld be excessively disagreeable to !m1 :e!r !y made x !mselves or :e!r somebody else made x4 ,s1 :5 *ildr5 come into a room :]e gr[n p are sitt+1 & make a noise 9 op5+ & %utt+ ! door1 x is v disagreeable4 ,( c\rse1 gr[n p always l ^? *ildr5 ! be/ t come into a room quietly1 & 9 a g5tlemanly & lady-l mann]4 ,z ?is explanation comes 9 connection ) ,georgia's hav+ done "r1 & ) ! comm5dation :i* he has receiv$ = x1 8 m9d & he>t are op5 to receive x1 in/ead ( be+ dispos$ to resi/ & exclude x1 z he w\ld h be5 if ! same ?+s exactly _h be5 said to him 9 connection ) c5sure & reproa*es = hav+ act$ 9 violation ( ! pr9ciple4 ,yes1 "m1 says he1 & ,i mean always to op5 & %ut ! door z /ill z ,i c4 ,yes1 ,i "k y mean to d s1 rejo9$ 8 "m1 b y w =get1 unless y h "s plan to make y rememb] x until ! habit is =m$4 ,n[ ,i h a plan to propose to help y =m ! habit4 ,:5 y get ! habit once =m$ !re w be no m difficulty4 ,! plan is ?is3 :5ev] y come into a room mak+ a noise1 ,i w simply say1 ,noise4 ,!n y w /ep back aga9 s(tly & %ut ! door1 & !n come 9 aga9 9 a quiet & prop] way4 ,y w n g back = puni%m5t1 = y w\ld n h made ! noise on purpose1 & s w\ld n des]ve any puni%m5t4 ,x is only to help y rememb]1 & s to =m ! habit ( com+ into a room 9 a quiet & g5tlemanly mann]4 ,n[ ,georgie1 especially if all 8 "m's managem5t ( him is conduct$ 9 ?is _s1 w ent] into ?is plan ) great cordiality4 ,i %\ld n propose ?is plan1 cont9u$ 8 "m1 if ,i ?\ght t :5 ,i say ,noise1 & y h to g out & come 9 aga91 x w\ld put y out ( humor1 & make y cross or sull54 ,i am sure y w be good-natur$ ab\t x1 & ev5 if y consid] x a k9d ( puni%m5t1 t y w g out will+ly1 & take ! puni%m5t l a man2 & :5 y come 9 aga9 y w come 9 /ill1 & look pleas$ & happy to f9d t y are c>ry+ out ! plan honorably4 ,!n if1 on ! fir/ occasion :5 he is s5t back1 he does take x good-natur$ly1 ?is mu/ be notic$ & comm5d$4 ,n[1 unless we are entirely wrong 9 all our ideas ( ! nature & t5d5cies ( ! infantile m9d1 x is z c]ta9 t a c\rse ( proc$ure l ?is w be successful 9 cur+ ! fault :i* is ! subject ( treatm5t1 z t wat] w ext+ui% fire4 ,x cures x1 too1 )\t occasion+ any irritation1 annoyance1 or ill-humor 9 ! m9d ei!r ( "m or *ild4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is a s\rce ( real satisfaction & pleasure to !m bo?1 & increases & /r5g!ns ! bond ( sympa?y by :i* _! he>ts are unit$ to ea* o!r4 ,! ,pr9ciple involv$4 ,x mu/ be und]/ood di/9ctly t ?is case is giv5 only z an illu/ration ( a pr9ciple :i* is applicable to all cases4 ,! act ( op5+ & %utt+ a door 9 a noisy mann] is altoge!r too insignificant a fault to des]ve ?is long discussion ( ! me?od ( cur+ x1 7 x n t me?ods f\nd$ on ! same pr9ciples1 & conduct$ 9 ! same _s1 are applicable univ]sally 9 all t p]ta9s to ! dome/ic managem5t ( *ildr54 ,& x is a me?od1 too1 directly ! opposite ( t :i* is (t5--,i w n say g5]ally1 b c]ta9ly v (t5--pursu$4 ,! *ild tells ! tru? _m times1 & 9 "s cases1 p]haps1 :5 ! inducem5t 0 v /rong to tell an untru?4 ,we take no notice ( ^! cases1 consid]+ x a matt] ( c\rse t he %\ld tell ! tru?4 ,we res]ve our action altoge!r = ! fir/ case :51 ov]come by a sudd5 temptation1 he tells a lie1 & !n int]pose ) reproa*es & puni%m5t4 ,n9ete5 times he gives up :at belongs to 8 little bro!r or si/] ( 8 own accord1 p]haps aft] a sev]e int]nal /ruggle4 ,! tw5tie? "t ! result ( ! /ruggle goes ! wrong way1 & he attempts to reta9 by viol5ce :at does n belong to him4 ,we take no notice ( ! n9ete5 cases :5 ! little fell[ did "r1 b come & box 8 e>s 9 ! "o case :5 he does wrong4 ,orig9 ( ! ,error4 ,! idea on :i* ?is mode ( treatm5t is f\nd$--namely1 t x is a matt] ( c\rse t *ildr5 %\ld d "r1 s t :5 !y d "r !re is no?+ to be said1 & t do+ wrong is ! abnormal condition & exceptional action :i* alone requires ! p>5t to int]f]e--is1 to a great ext5t1 a mi/ake4 ,inde$1 ! matt] ( c\rse is all ! o!r way4 ,a babe w seize ! play?+ ( ano!r babe )\t ! lea/ compunction long aft] x is ke5ly alive to ! inju/ice & wrongfulness ( hav+ its own play?+s tak5 by any o!r *ild4 ,s 9 reg>d to tru?4 ,! fir/ impulse ( all *ildr51 :5 !y h j acquir$ ! use ( language1 is to use x 9 su* a way z to effect _! object = ! "t be+1 )\t any s5se ( ! sacr$ obligation ( mak+ ! words always correspond truly ) ! facts4 ,! pr9ciples ( do+ ju/ice to ! rights ( o!rs to "o's own damage1 & ( speak+ ! tru? :5 falsehood w\ld s]ve ! pres5t purpose bett]1 are pr9ciples t are develop$ or acquir$ by sl[ degrees1 & at a lat] p]iod4 ,i say develop$ or acquir$--= diff]5t classes ( metaphysicians & !ologians ent]ta9 diff]5t !ories 9 respect to ! way by :i* ! ideas ( "r & ( duty ent] into ! human m9d4 ,b all w agree 9 ?is1 t :atev] may be ! orig9 ( ! moral s5se 9 man1 x does n appe> z a practical elem5t ( control = ! conduct till "s "t aft] ! animal appetites & passions h begun to ex]cise _! p[]4 ,:e!r we reg>d ?is s5se z aris+ f a developm5t )9 ( a lat5t pr9ciple ( ! s\l1 or z an ess5tial elem5t ( ! inh]it$ & native con/itution ( man1 ?\gh rema9+ = a "t embryonic & in]t1 or z a habit acquir$ "u ! influ5ce ( in/ruction & example1 all w admit t ! p]iod ( its appe>ance z a p]ceptible motive ( action is s delay$1 & ! "t requir$ = its atta9+ suffici5t /r5g? to ex]cise any real & effectual control ov] ! conduct ext5ds ov] s _m ( ! e>li] ye>s ( life1 t no v mat]ial help 9 gov]n+ ! appetites & passions & impulses c be reasonably expect$ f x at a v e>ly p]iod4 ,inde$1 consci5ce1 s f> z its exi/5ce is manife/$ at all 9 *ildhood1 seems to %[ itself *iefly 9 ! =m ( ! simple fe> ( detection 9 :at !re is reason to suppose w lead1 if discov]$1 to reproa*es or puni%m5t4 ,at any rate1 ! moral s5se 9 *ildhood1 :atev] may be our philosophy 9 respect to ! orig9 & ! nature ( x1 c n be reg>d$ z a /rong & settl$ pr9ciple on :i* we c ?r[ ! responsibility ( regulat+ ! conduct1 & hold+ x /]nly to its obligations4 ,x is1 on ! contr>y1 a v t5d] plant1 sl[ly com+ =w>d to ! developm5t ( its beauty & its p[]1 & requir+ ! mo/ g5tle fo/]+ & c>e on ! "p ( ^? intru/$ ) ! tra9+ ( ! infant m9d2 & ! influ5ce ( comm5dation & enc\ragem5t :5 ! embryo monitor succe$s 9 its incipi5t & feeble ef=ts1 w be f> m effectual 9 promot+ its developm5t1 ?an t ( c5sure & puni%m5t :5 x fails4 ,important ,caution4 ,= e good ?+ !re seems to be some?+ 9 its =m & semblance t is spuri\s & bad4 ,! pr9ciple br\ght to view 9 ?is *apt] has its c\nt]feit 9 ! indiscrim9ate praise & flatt]y ( *ildr5 by _! p>5ts1 :i* only makes !m self-conceit$ & va91 )\t at all promot+ any good end4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! two might be easily po9t$ out1 if "t & space p]mitt$2 b ! intellig5t p>5t1 :o has rightly compreh5d$ ! me?od ( managem5t "h describ$1 & ! _s 9 :i* ! process ( apply+ x is to be made1 w be 9 no dang] ( conf\nd+ "o ) ! o!r4 ,?is pr9ciple ( notic+ & comm5d+1 )9 prop] limits & re/rictions1 :at is "r1 r ?an f9d+ fault ) :at is wrong1 w be f\nd to be z important 9 ! "w ( in/ruction z 9 ! regulation ( conduct4 ,we h1 9 fact1 a v good opportunity ( comp>+ ! two sy/ems1 z x is a curi\s fact t 9 c]ta9 ?+s x is almo/ ! univ]sal cu/om to adopt "o me?od1 & 9 c]ta9 o!rs1 ! o!r4 ,! two ,me?ods exemplifi$4 ,!re are1 = example1 two arts :i* *ildr5 h to le>n1 9 ! process ( _! m5tal & physical developm5t1 9 :i* _! faults1 errors1 & defici5cies are nev] po9t$ out1 b 9 ! deal+s ( _! p>5ts ) !m all is comm5dation & enc\ragem5t4 ,!y are ! arts ( walk+ & talk+4 ,! fir/ "t t a *ild attempts to walk alone1 :at a feeble1 /agg]+1 & awkw>d exhibition x makes4 ,& yet its "m %[s1 by ! excitem5t ( h] c\nt5ance1 & ! delight express$ by h] exclamations1 h[ pleas$ %e is ) ! p]=mance2 & %e1 p]haps1 ev5 calls 9 p]sons f ! next room to see h[ well ! baby c walk6 ,n a ^w ab\t imp]fections & fail+s1 n a ^w ab\t ! tott]+1 ! awkw>d rea*+ out ( arms to pres]ve ! balance1 ! crook$ness ( ! way1 ! anxi\s expression ( ! c\nt5ance1 or any o!r faults4 ,^! are left to correct !mselves by ! cont9u$ practice :i* enc\ragem5t is sure to lead to4 ,x is true t words w\ld n be available 9 su* a case = fault-f9d+2 = a *ild :5 le>n+ to walk w\ld be too "y to und]/& !m4 ,b ! p>5t's s5se ( ! imp]fections ( ! p]=mance might be express$ 9 looks & ge/ures :i* ! *ild w\ld und]/&2 b he sees1 on ! contr>y1 no?+ b indications ( satisfaction & pleasure1 & x is v manife/ h[ mu* he is enc\rag$ by !m4 ,see+ ! pleasure :i* 8 ef=ts give to ! spectators1 he is made pr\d & happy by 8 success1 & goes on mak+ ef=ts to improve ) alacrity & delight4 ,x is ! same ) le>n+ to talk4 ,! mi/akes1 defici5cies1 & errors ( ! fir/ rude attempts are seldom notic$1 & /ill m seldom po9t$ out by ! p>5t4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! *ild takes ! impression1 f ! read9ess ) :i* its words are und]/ood & ! delight x evid5tly gives its "m to he> !m1 t x is go+ on triumphantly 9 its "w ( le>n+ to talk1 in/ead ( feel+ t its attempts are only tol]at$ because !y are made by su* a little *ild1 & t !y require a va/ am\nt ( correction1 alt]ation1 & improvem5t1 be=e !y w be at all satisfactory4 ,inde$1 s f> f criticis+ & po9t+ out ! errors & faults1 ! "m v frequ5tly meets ! *ild half way 9 its progress1 by actually adopt+ ! faults & errors h]self 9 h] replies4 ,s t :5 ! little beg9n] 9 ! use ( language1 z he wakes up 9 8 crib1 & /ret*+ out 8 h&s to 8 "m says1 ,i want to get up %e comes to take him1 & replies1 h] face beam+ ) delight1 ,my little d>l+6 y %all get up2 ?us fill+ 8 m9d ) happ9ess at ! idea t 8 "m is n only pleas$ t he attempts to speak1 b is fully satisfi$1 & m ?an satisfi$1 ) 8 success4 ,! result is1 t 9 le>n+ to walk & to talk1 *ildr5 always g =w>d ) alacrity & ardor4 ,!y practise cont9ually & spontane\sly1 requir+ no promises ( rew>d to allure !m to ef=t1 & no ?reats ( puni%m5t to ov]come repugnance or av]sion4 ,x might be too mu* to say t ! rapidity ( _! progress & ! pleasure :i* !y exp]i5ce 9 mak+ x1 are ow+ :olly to ! comm5dation & enc\ragem5t !y receive--= o!r causes may co-op]ate ) ^!4 ,b x is c]ta9 t ^! influ5ces contribute v ess5tially to ! result4 ,!re c be no d\bt at all t if x 7 possible = a "m to /op h] *ild 9 its ef=ts to le>n to walk & to talk1 & expla9 to x1 no matt] h[ k9dly1 all its %ortcom+s1 failures1 & mi/akes1 & 7 to make ?is h] daily & habitual practice1 ! consequ5ce w\ld be1 n only a great dim9ution ( ! ardor & animation ( ! little pupil1 9 press+ =w>d 9 its "w1 b also a great ret>dation 9 its progress4 ,example ( ! o!r ,me?od4 ,let u n[1 = ! m full und]/&+ ( ! subject1 g to ! o!r extreme1 & consid] a case 9 :i* ! managem5t is z f> z possible remov$ f t above ref]r$ to4 ,we c n h a bett] example ?an ! me?od (t5 adopt$ 9 s*ools & sem9>ies = tea*+ composition2 9 o!r words1 ! art ( express+ "o's ?\ghts 9 writt5 language--an art :i* "o w\ld suppose to be s analog\s to t ( le>n+ to talk--t is1 to express "o's ?\ghts 9 oral language--t ! me?od :i* 0 f\nd s em95tly successful 9 ! "o w\ld be naturally resort$ to 9 ! o!r4 ,in/ead ( t1 ! me?od (t5 pursu$ is exactly ! rev]se4 ,! pupil hav+ ) inf9ite difficulty1 & ) _m =ebod+s & anxi\s fe>s1 made 8 fir/ attempt1 br+s x to 8 tea*]4 ,! tea*]1 if he is a k9d-he>t$ & consid]ate man1 p]haps briefly comm5ds ! ef=t ) "s su* dubi\s & equivocal praise z x is ,v well = a beg9n]1 or ,z good a composition z c\ld be expect$ at ! fir/ attempt1 & !n proce$s to g ov] ! ex]cise 9 a cool & delib]ate mann]1 ) a view ( discov]+ & br++ out cle>ly & conspicu\sly to ! view1 n only ( ! little au?or himself1 b (t5 ( all 8 classmates & fri5ds1 e imp]fection1 failure1 mi/ake1 omission1 or o!r fault :i* a rigid scrut9y c detect 9 ! p]=mance4 ,h[ev] k9dly he may d ?is1 & h[ev] g5tle ! tones ( 8 voice1 /ill ! "w is criticism & fault-f9d+ f beg9n+ to end4 ,! boy sits on ?orns & nettles :ile submitt+ to ! op]ation1 & :5 he takes 8 m>k$ & correct$ manuscript to 8 seat1 he feels mortifi$ & a%am$1 & is (t5 hopelessly disc\rag$4 ,h[ ,faults are to be ,correct$4 ,"s "o may1 p]haps1 say t po9t+ out ! errors & faults ( pupils is absolutely ess5tial to _! progress1 inasmu* z1 unless !y are made to see :at _! faults are1 !y c n be expect$ to correct !m4 ,i admit t ?is is true to a c]ta9 ext5t1 b by no means to s great an ext5t z is (t5 suppos$4 ,!re are a great _m ways ( tea*+ pupils to d bett] :at !y are go+ to d1 besides %[+ !m ! faults 9 :at !y h already done4 ,?us1 )\t po9t+ out ! errors & faults :i* he obs]ves1 ! tea*] may only ref] to & comm5d :at is "r1 :ile he at ! same "t obs]ves & rememb]s ! prevail+ faults1 ) a view ( adapt+ 8 future in/ructions to ! removal ( !m4 ,^! in/ructions1 :5 giv51 w take ! =m1 ( c\rse1 ( g5]al in=mation on ! art ( express+ "o's ?\ghts 9 writ+1 & on ! faults & errors to be avoid$1 p]haps )\t any1 or1 at lea/1 v little allusion to ^? :i* ! pupils !mselves _h committ$4 ,in/ruction ?us giv51 :ile x w h at lea/ an equal t5d5cy ) ! o!r mode to =m ! pupils to habits ( correctness & accuracy1 w n h ! effect ^u _! m9d ( disp>agem5t ( :at !y h already done1 b r ( aid & enc\ragem5t = !m 9 reg>d to :at !y are next to d4 ,9 foll[+ ! in/ructions ?us giv5 !m1 ! pupils w1 z x 71 leave ! faults previ\sly committ$ beh9d !m1 be+ ev51 9 _m in/ances1 unconsci\s1 p]haps1 ( _! hav+ !mselves ev] committ$ !m4 ,! +5i\s "m w f9d v>i\s modes analog\s to ?is1 ( lead+ h] *ildr5 =w>d into :at is "r1 )\t at all di/urb+ _! m9ds by c5sure ( :at is wrong--a c\rse :i* x is p]fectly safe to pursue 9 ! case ( all errors & faults :i* result f inadv]t5ce or immaturity4 ,!re is1 d\btless1 ano!r class ( faults--^? ( willful c>elessness or neglect--:i* mu/ be specially po9t$ out to ! att5tion ( ! del9qu5ts1 & a degree ( discr$it atta*$ to ! commission ( !m1 & p]haps1 9 special cases1 "s k9d ( puni%m5t impos$1 z ! mo/ prop] corrective ( ! evil4 ,& yet1 ev5 9 cases ( c>elessness & neglect ( duty1 x w g5]ally be f\nd mu* m easy to awak5 ambition1 & a desire to improve1 9 a *ild1 by discov]+1 if possible1 some?+ good 9 8 "w1 & comm5d+ t1 z an enc\ragem5t to him to make great] ex]tion ! next "t1 ?an to attempt to cure him ( 8 neglig5ce by call+ 8 att5tion to ! faults :i* he has committ$1 z subjects ( c5sure1 h[ev] obvi\s ! faults may be1 & h[ev] des]v+ ( blame4 ,! advice1 h[ev]1 made 9 ?is *apt]1 to employ comm5dation & enc\ragem5t to a great ext5t1 r ?an criticism & fault-f9d+1 9 ! managem5t & in/ruction ( *ildr51 mu/1 l all o!r g5]al c\nsels ( ! k9d1 be held subject to all prop] limitations & re/rictions4 ,"s "m may1 p]haps1 object to :at is "h advanc$1 say+1 ,if ,i am always indiscrim9ately prais+ my *ild's do+s1 he w become self-conceit$ & va91 & he w cease to make progress1 be+ satisfi$ ) :at he has already atta9$4 ,( c\rse he w1 & !re=e y mu/ take c>e n to be always & indiscrim9ately prais+ him4 ,y mu/ ex]cise tact & good judgm5t1 or at any rate1 common s5se1 9 prop]ly proportion+ y\r criticism & y\r praise4 ,!re are no pr9ciples ( managem5t1 h[ev] s\nd1 :i* may n be s exagg]at$1 or foll[$ ) s bl9d a disreg>d ( att5dant circum/ances1 z to produce m h>m ?an good4 ,x mu/ be especially borne 9 m9d t ! c\nsels "h giv5 9 relation to cur+ ! faults ( *ildr5 by deal+ m ) :at is good 9 !m ?an :at is bad1 are int5d$ to apply to faults ( ignorance1 inadv]t5ce1 or habit only1 & n to acts ( kn[n & willful wrong4 ,:5 we come to cases ( delib]ate & int5tional disob$i5ce to a p>5t's comm&s1 or op5 resi/ance to 8 au?ority1 some?+ diff]5t1 or at lea/ some?+ m1 is requir$4 ,! ,pr9ciple ( ,univ]sal ,application4 ,9 conclusion1 x is prop] to add t ! pr9ciple ( influ5c+ human "* & action by notic+ & comm5d+ :at is "r1 r ?an f9d+ fault ) :at is wrong1 is ( univ]sal application1 ) ! mature z well z ) ! "y4 ,! susceptibility to ?is influ5ce is 9 full op]ation 9 ! m9ds ( all m5 ev]y:]e1 & act+ ^u x w lead to ! same results 9 all ! relations ( society4 ,! way to awak5 a p5uri\s man to ! p]=mance ( g5]\s de$s is n by remon/rat+ ) him1 h[ev] k9dly1 on 8 p5uri\sness1 b by wat*+ 8 conduct till we f9d "s act t be>s "s semblance ( lib]ality1 & comm5d+ him = t4 ,if y h a neighbor :o is surly & tr\blesome--tell him t he is s1 & y make him worse ?an ev]4 ,b wat* = "s occasion 9 :i* he %[s y "s little k9dness1 & ?ank him cordially = su* a good neighborly act1 & he w feel a /rong desire to repeat x4 ,if mank9d univ]sally und]/ood ?is pr9ciple1 & w\ld g5]ally act ^u x 9 _! deal+s ) o!rs--( c\rse1 ) su* limitations & re/rictions z good s5se & s\nd judgm5t w\ld impose--! _w w\ld n only g on mu* m smoo?ly & h>moni\sly ?an x does n[1 b ! progress ( improvem5t w\ld1 ,i ?9k1 9 all respects be inf9itely m rapid4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,faults ,,( ,,immaturity4 ,a great portion ( ! errors & mi/akes1 & ( :at we call ! follies1 ( *ildr5 arise f simple ignorance4 ,pr9ciples ( philosophy1 :e!r p]ta9+ to ext]nal nature or to m5tal action1 are involv$ :i* h nev] come home to _! m9ds4 ,!y may h be5 pres5t$1 b !y h n be5 und]/ood & appreciat$4 ,x requires "s tact1 & sometimes delicate obs]vation1 on ! "p ( ! "m to det]m9e :e!r a mode ( action :i* %e sees ought to be correct$ results f *ildi% ignorance & inexp]i5ce1 or f willful wrong-do+4 ,:atev] may be ! prop] treatm5t 9 ! latt] case1 x is evid5t t 9 ! =m] :at is requir$ is n c5sure1 b in/ruction4 ,boa/+4 ,a "m came into ! room "o day & f\nd ,johnny disput+ e>ne/ly ) 8 ,c\s9 ,jane on ! "q :i* 0 ! talle/--,johnny v /r5u\sly ma9ta9+ t he 0 ! talle/1 because he 0 a boy4 ,8 old] bro!r1 ,james1 :o 0 pres5t at ! "t1 measur$ !m1 & f\nd t ,johnny 9 reality 0 ! talle/4 ,n[ !re 0 no?+ wrong 9 8 feel+ a pride & pleasure 9 ! ?\ght t he 0 physically sup]ior to 8 c\s91 & ?\gh x 0 fooli% = him to insi/ himself on ?is sup]iority 9 a boa/+ way1 x 0 ! fooli%ness ( ignorance only4 ,he _h n le>n$ ! pr9ciple--:i* half mank9d d n seem ev] to le>n dur+ ! :ole c\rse ( _! lives--t x is f> wis] & bett] to let our good qualities appe> naturally ( !mselves1 ?an to claim cr$it = !m be=eh& by boa/+4 ,x w\ld h be5 mu* wis] = ,johnny to h admitt$ at ! outset t ,jane might possibly be tall] ?an he1 & !n to h await$ quietly ! result ( ! measur+4 ,b we c n blame him mu* = n hav+ le>n$ ?is p>ticul> wisdom at five ye>s ( age1 :5 s _m full-gr[n m5 & wom5 nev] le>n x at all4 ,nor 0 !re any ?+ blamewor?y 9 him 9 respect to ! false logic involv$ 9 8 argum5t1 t 8 be+ a boy made him necess>ily tall] ?an 8 c\s91 a girl ( ! same age4 ,!re 0 a semblance ( pro( 9 t fact--:at ! logicians t]m a presumption4 ,b ! reason+ p[]s are v sl[ly develop$ 9 *ildhood4 ,!y are v seldom aid$ by any in/ruction really adapt$ to ! improvem5t ( !m2 & we ought n to expect t su* *ildr5 c at all cle>ly di/+ui% a semblance f a reality 9 ideas s extremely ab/ruse z ^? relat+ to ! logical connection betwe5 ! premises & ! conclusion 9 a process ( ratioc9ation4 ,9 ?is case z 9 ! o!r we expect !m to und]/& at once1 )\t in/ruction1 :at we f9d x extremely difficult to le>n ourselves2 = a l>ge portion ( mank9d prove !mselves utt]ly unable ev] to discrim9ate betwe5 s\nd argum5ts & ^? :i* are utt]ly inconsequ5t & absurd4 ,9 a ^w1 :at ,johnny requires 9 su* a case z ?is is1 n ridicule to %ame him out ( 8 false reason+1 nor c5sure or puni%m5t to cure him ( 8 boa/+1 b simply in/ruction4 ,& ?is in/ruction x is mu* bett] to give n 9 direct connection ) ! occurr5ce :i* indicat$ ! want ( x4 ,if y attempt to expla9 to y\r boy ! folly ( boa/+ 9 imm$iate connection ) "s act ( boa/+ ( 8 own1 he feels t y are really f9d+ fault ) him2 8 m9d in/9ctively puts itself into a position ( def5se1 & ! tru? :i* y wi% to imp>t to x f9ds a mu* less easy admission4 ,if1 = example1 9 ?is case ,johnny's "m attempts on ! spot to expla9 to him ! folly ( boa/+1 & to %[ h[ mu* wis] x is = u to let our good qualities1 if we h any1 speak = !mselves1 )\t any direct ag5cy ( ours 9 claim+ ! m]it ( !m1 he li/5s reluctantly & n]v\sly z to a scold+ 9 disguise4 ,if he is a boy well manag$1 he waits1 p]haps1 to he> :at 8 "m has to say1 b x makes no impression4 ,if he is badly tra9$1 he w probably int]rupt 8 "m 9 ! mid/ ( :at %e is say+1 or break away f h] to g on ) 8 play4 ,a "r ,mode ( ,treatm5t4 ,if n[1 in/ead ( ?is1 ! "m waits until ! dispute & ! transaction ( measur+ h pass$ by & be5 =gott51 & !n takes "s favorable opportunity to give ! requir$ in/ruction1 ! result w be f> m favorable4 ,at "s "t1 :5 tir$ ( 8 play1 he comes to /& by h] to obs]ve h] at h] "w1 or p]haps to ask h] = a /ory2 or1 aft] %e has put him to b$ & is ab\t to leave him = ! night1 %e says to him z foll[s3 ,i'll tell y a /ory ab\t two boys1 ,jack & ,h5ry1 & y %all tell me :i* ( !m came (f be/4 ,!y bo? w5t to ! same s*ool & 7 9 ! same class1 & !re 0 nobody else 9 ! class b ^? two4 ,h5ry1 :o 0 ! mo/ dilig5t s*ol>1 0 at ! head ( ! class1 & ,jack 0 bel[ him1 &1 ( c\rse1 z !re 7 only two1 he 0 at ! foot4 ,"o day !re 0 company at ! h\se1 & "o ( ! ladies ask$ ! boys h[ !y got along at s*ool4 ,jack imm$iately said1 ',v well4 ,i'm next to ! head ( my class4' ,! lady !n prais$ him1 & said t he mu/ be a v good s*ol> to be s high 9 8 class4 ,!n %e ask$ ,h5ry h[ high he 0 9 8 class4 ,he said he 0 next to ! foot4 ,! lady 0 some:at surpris$1 = %e1 z well z ! o!rs pres5t1 suppos$ t ,h5ry 0 ! be/ s*ol>2 !y 7 all a little puzzl$ too1 = ,h5ry look$ a little rogui% & sly :5 he said x4 ,b j !n ! tea*] came 91 & %e expla9$ ! case2 = %e said t ! boys 7 9 ! same class1 & !y 7 all t 7 9 x2 s t ,h5ry1 :o 0 really at ! head1 0 next b "o to ! foot1 :ile ,jack1 :o 0 at ! foot1 0 next b "o to ! head4 ,on hav+ ?is explanation made to ! company1 ,jack felt v mu* confus$ & a%am$1 :ile ,h5ry1 ?\gh he said no?+1 c\ld n help feel+ pleas$4 ,& n[1 asks ! "m1 9 conclusion1 :i* ( ^! boys d y ?9k came (f ! be/8 ,johnny answ]s t ,h5ry came out be/4 ,yes1 adds 8 "m1 & x is always bett] t p's m]its1 if !y h any1 %\ld come out 9 o!r ways ?an by _! own boa/+ ( !m4 ,x is true t ?is case ( ,h5ry & ,jack does n correspond exactly--n ev5 ne>ly1 9 fact--) t ( ,johnny & 8 c\s94 ,nor is x necess>y t ! in/ruction giv5 9 ^! ways %\ld logically con=m to ! incid5t :i* calls !m =?4 ,x is suffici5t t !re %\ld be su* a degree ( analogy betwe5 !m1 t ! int]e/ & turn ( ?\ght produc$ by ! incid5t may prep>e ! m9d = appreciat+ & receiv+ ! lesson4 ,b ! "m may br+ ! lesson ne>] if %e pleases4 ,i w tell y ano!r /ory1 %e says4 ,!re 7 two m5 at a fair4 ,_! names 7 ,?omas & ,philip4 ,?omas 0 boa/+ ( 8 /r5g?4 ,he said he 0 a great deal /rong] ?an ,philip4 ',p]haps y are1' said ,philip4 ,!n ,?omas po9t$ to a big /one :i* 0 ly+ ^u ! gr\nd1 & d>$ ,philip to try :i* c\ld ?r[ x ! f>!/4 ',v well1' said ,philip1 ',i w try1 b ,i ?9k x v likely y w beat me1 = ,i "k y are v /rong4' ,s !y tri$1 & x prov$ t ,philip c\ld ?r[ x a great deal f>!r ?an ,?omas c\ld4 ,!n ,?omas w5t away look+ v mu* inc5s$ & v mu* a%am$1 :ile ,philip's triumph 0 altoge!r great] = 8 n hav+ boa/$4 ,yes1 says ,johnny1 ,i ?9k s4 ,! "m may1 if %e pleases1 come /ill ne>] ?an ?is1 if %e wi%es to suit ,johnny's individual case1 )\t excit+ any resi/ance 9 8 he>t to ! reception ( h] lesson4 ,%e may br+ 8 exact case into consid]ation1 provid$ %e *anges ! names ( ! actors1 s t ,johnny's m9d may be reliev$ f ! uneasy s5sitiv5ess :i* x is s natural = a *ild to feel :5 8 own conduct is directly ! object ( unfavorable comm5t4 ,x is surpris+ h[ slight a *ange 9 ! m]e outw>d incid5ts ( an affair w suffice to div]t ! ?\ghts ( ! *ild f himself 9 su* a case1 & enable him to look at ! lesson to be imp>t$ )\t p]sonal feel+1 & s to receive x m readily4 ,johnny's "m may say1 ,!re might be a /ory 9 a book ab\t two boys t 7 disput+ a little ab\t :i* 0 ! talle/4 ,:at d y ?9k w\ld be good names = ! boys1 if y 7 mak+ up su* a /ory8 ,:5 ,johnny has propos$ ! names1 8 "m c\ld g on & give an almo/ exact n>rative ( :at took place betwe5 ,johnny & 8 c\s91 (f]+ j su* in/ructions & su* advice z %e w\ld l to (f]2 & %e w f9d1 if %e manages ! conv]sation ) ord9>y tact & discretion1 t ! lessons :i* %e desires to imp>t w f9d a ready admission to ! m9d ( h] *ild1 simply f ! fact t1 by dive/+ !m ( all direct p]sonal application1 %e has elim9at$ f !m ! elem5t ( cov]t c5sure :i* !y w\ld o!rwise h conta9$4 ,v slight disguises w1 9 all su* cases1 be f\nd to be suffici5t to veil ! p]sonal applicability ( ! in/ruction1 s f> z to dive/ x ( all t is pa9ful or disagreeable to ! *ild4 ,he may h a vague feel+ t y mean him1 b ! feel+ w n produce any effect ( irritation or repell5cy4 ,n[1 ! object ( ^! illu/rations is to %[ t ^? errors & faults :i*1 :5 we look at _! real & intr9sic "*1 we see to be results ( ignorance & inexp]i5ce1 & n in/ances ( willful & int5tional wrong-do+1 are n to be dealt ) h>%ly1 & made occasions ( c5sure & puni%m5t4 ,! *ild does n des]ve c5sure or puni%m5t 9 su* cases2 :at he requires is in/ruction4 ,x is ! br++ 9 ( light to illum9ate ! pa? t is be=e him :i* he has yet to tread1 & n ! infliction ( pa91 to impress ^u him ! evil ( ! mis/eps he made1 9 consequ5ce ( ! obscurity1 9 ! pa? beh9d him4 ,inde$1 9 su* cases z ?is1 x is ! influ5ce ( pleasure r ?an pa9 t ! p>5t w f9d ! mo/ effici5t means ( aid+ him2 t is1 9 ^! cases1 ! m pleasant & agreeable ! modes by :i* he c imp>t ! ne$$ k to ! *ild--9 o!r words1 ! m attractive he c make ! pa?s by :i* he c lead 8 little *>ge onw>d 9 its progress t[>ds maturity--! m successful he w be4 ,ignorance ( ,mat]ial ,prop]ties & ,laws4 ,9 ! example already giv51 ! m5tal immaturity consi/$ 9 imp]fect acqua9tance ) ! qualities & ! action ( ! m9d1 & ! pr9ciples ( s\nd reason+2 b a f> l>g] portion ( ! mi/akes & failures into :i* *ildr5 fall1 & = :i* !y incur undes]v$ c5sure1 are due to _! ignorance ( ! laws ( ext]nal nature1 & ( ! prop]ties & qualities ( mat]ial objects4 ,a boy1 = example1 sev5 or eight ye>s old1 receives f 8 fa!r a pres5t ( a knife1 ) a special injunction to be c>eful ( x4 ,he is1 accord+ly1 v c>eful ( x 9 respect to su* dang]s z he und]/&s1 b 9 attempt+ to bore a hole ) x 9 a piece ( wood1 out ( :i* he is try+ to make a w9dmill1 he breaks ! small blade4 ,! accid5t1 9 su* a case1 is n to be attribut$ to any c5surable c>elessness1 b to want ( in/ruction 9 respect to ! /r5g? ( su* a mat]ial z /eel1 & ! nature & effects ( ! degree ( temp]+ giv5 to knife-blades4 ,! boy _h se5 8 fa!r bore holes ) a gimlet1 & ! knife-blade 0 l>g]--9 "o direction at lea/1 t is1 9 bread?--?an ! gimlet1 & x 0 v natural = him to suppose t x 0 /rong]4 ,:at a boy ne$s 9 su* a case1 !re=e1 is n a scold+1 or puni%m5t1 b simply in=mation4 ,a girl ( ab\t ! same age--a f>m]'s daught]1 we w suppose--"u ! influ5ce ( a dutiful desire to aid h] "m 9 prep>+ ! table = breakfa/1 attempts to c>ry across ! room a pit*] ( milk :i* is too full1 & %e spills a portion ( x ^u ! floor4 ,! ,int5tion good4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,int5tion ,,good4 ,! "m1 =gett+ ! good int5tion :i* prompt$ ! act1 & ?9k+ only ( ! inconv5i5ce :i* x occasions h]1 adm9i/]s at once a %>p rebuke4 ,! cause ( ! tr\ble 01 simply1 t ! *ild 0 n old en\gh to und]/& ! laws ( mom5tum & ( oscillation t affect ! condition ( a fluid :5 subject$ to movem5ts m or less irregul>4 ,%e has _h no !oretical in/ruction on ! subject1 & is too "y to h acquir$ ! necess>y k practically1 by exp]i5ce or obs]vation4 ,x is s ) a v l>ge portion ( ! accid5ts :i* befall *ildr54 ,!y arise n f any evil design1 nor ev5 any ?+ t c prop]ly be call$ c>elessness1 on _! "p1 b simply f ! immaturity ( _! k 9 respect to ! prop]ties & qualities ( ! mat]ial objects ) :i* !y h to deal4 ,x is true t *ildr5 may be1 & (t51 d\btless1 are1 9 fault = ^! accid5ts4 ,! boy may h be5 w>n$ by 8 fa!r n to attempt to bore ) 8 knife-blade1 or ! girl =bidd5 to attempt to c>ry ! milk-pit*]4 ,! fault1 h[ev]1 w\ld be1 ev5 9 ^! cases1 9 ! disob$i5ce1 & n 9 ! damage t accid5tally result$ f x4 ,& x w\ld be f> m reasonable & prop] to reprove & puni% ! fault :5 no evil foll[$ ?an :5 a damage 0 ! result2 = 9 ! latt] case ! damage itself acts1 ord9>ily1 z a m ?an suffici5t puni%m5t4 ,mis=tunes befall+ ,m54 ,^! cases are exactly analog\s to a l>ge class ( accid5ts & calamities t happ5 among m54 ,a %ip-ma/] sails f port at a "t :5 !re are causes exi/+ 9 ! condition ( ! atmosph]e1 & 9 ! ag5cies 9 read9ess to act ^u x1 t mu/ c]ta9ly1 9 a few h\rs1 result 9 a viol5t /orm4 ,he is consequ5tly caught 9 ! gale1 & 8 topma/s & upp] rigg+ are c>ri$ away4 ,! own]s d n c5sure him = ! loss :i* !y incur1 if !y are only assur$ t ! meteorological k at ! capta9's comm& at ! "t ( leav+ port 0 n su* z to give him w>n+ ( ! dang]2 & provid$1 also1 t 8 k 0 z advanc$ z c\ld reasonably be expect$ f ! opportunities :i* he _h enjoy$4 ,b we are v mu* incl9$ to hold *ildr5 responsible = z mu* k ( ! s\rces ( dang] ar\nd !m z we ourselves1 ) all our exp]i5ce1 h be5 able to acquire1 & are accu/om$ to condemn & sometimes ev5 to puni% !m1 = want ( ?is k4 ,inde$1 9 _m cases1 bo? ) *ildr5 & ) m51 ! means ( k 9 respect to ! dang] may be fully )9 rea*1 & yet ! situation may be s novel1 & ! comb9ation ( circum/ances s peculi>1 t ! connection betwe5 ! causes & ! possible evil effects does n occur to ! m9ds ( ! p]sons engag$4 ,an accid5t :i* has j occurr$ at ! "t ( ?is pres5t writ+ w illu/rate ?is4 ,a company ( workm5 con/ruct+ a tunnel = a railway1 :5 !y _h rea*$ ! di/ance ( "s miles f ! entrance1 prep>$ a numb] ( *>ges = bla/+ ! rock1 & accid5tally laid ! wires connect$ ) ! p[d] 9 too close proximity to ! tempor>y railway-track already laid 9 ! tunnel4 ,! *>ges 7 int5d$ to be fir$ f an electric batt]y provid$ = ! purpose2 b a ?und]-cl\d came up1 & ! electric =ce f x 0 convey$ by ! rails into ! tunnel & explod$ ! *>ges1 & sev]al m5 7 kill$4 ,no "o 0 incl9$ to c5sure ! un=tunate m5 = c>elessness 9 n gu>d+ aga9/ a cont+5cy s utt]ly un=ese5 by !m1 ?\gh x is pla9 t1 z is (t5 said to *ildr5 9 precisely analog\s cases1 !y might h kn[n4 ,*ildr5's ,/udies4--,spell+4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 no dep>tm5t ( ! managem5t ( *ildr5 9 :i* !y incur m undes]v$ c5sure1 & ev5 puni%m5t1 & are treat$ ) s little consid]ation = faults aris+ solely f ! immaturity ( _! m9ds1 ?an 9 ! direction ( :at may be call$ s*ool /udies4 ,few p h any prop] appreciation ( ! enorm\s difficulties :i* a *ild has to enc\nt] 9 le>n+ to read & spell4 ,h[ _m p>5ts become disc\rag$1 & manife/ _! disc\ragem5t & dissatisfaction to ! *ild 9 reprov+ & compla9ts1 at :at !y consid] 8 sl[ progress 9 le>n+ to spell--=gett+ t 9 ! ,engli% language !re are 9 common1 e-day use eight or t5 ?\s& words1 almo/ all ( :i* are to be le>n$ sep>ately1 by a b>e & *e]less toil ( committ+ to memory1 ) comp>atively little def9ite help f ! s\nd4 ,we h ourselves become s accu/om$ to see+ ! ^w be>1 = example1 :5 d5ot+ ! animal1 spelt b e a r1 t we are v prone to imag9e t !re is some?+ naturally appropriate 9 ^? lett]s & 9 t collocation ( !m1 to repres5t t s\nd :5 us$ to d5ote t idea4 ,b :at is !re 9 ! nature & p[] ( ! lett]s to aid ! *ild 9 p]ceiv+--or1 :5 told1 9 rememb]+--:e!r1 :5 ref]r+ to ! animal1 he is to write be>1 or b>e1 or bair1 or bayr1 or b]e1 z 9 :]e4 ,s ) ! ^w y4 ,x seems to u ! mo/ natural ?+ 9 ! _w to spell x y o u4 ,& :5 ! little pupil1 judg+ by ! s\nd1 writes x y u1 we mortify him by our ridicule1 z if he _h done some?+ 9 itself absurd4 ,b h[ is he to "k1 except by ! h>de/1 mo/ mean+less1 & di/a/eful toil ( ! memory1 :e!r he is to write y1 or yu1 or yoo1 or ewe1 or yew1 or yue1 z 9 flue1 or ev5 yo z 9 d1 & to det]m9e :5 & 9 :at cases respectively he is to use ^? diff]5t =ms8 ,! tru? is1 t ea* elem5t>y s\nd t ent]s into ! composition ( words is repres5t$ 9 our language by s _m diff]5t comb9ations ( lett]s1 9 diff]5t cases1 t ! *ild has v little clue f ! s\nd ( a syllable to guide him 9 ! spell+ ( x4 ,we ourselves1 f long habit1 h become s accu/om$ to :at we call ! "r spell+--:i*1 ( c\rse1 means no?+ m ?an ! cu/om>y "o--t we are apt to imag9e1 z has already be5 said1 t !re is "s natural fitness 9 x2 & a mode ( repres5t+ ! same s\nd1 :i* 9 "o case seems natural & prop]1 9 ano!r appe>s ludicr\s & absurd4 ,we smile to see laugh spell$ l>f1 j z we %\ld to see sc>f spell$ scaugh1 or scalf1 z 9 half2 & we =get t ?is p]ception ( app>5t incongruity is entirely ! result ( long habit 9 u1 & has no natural f\ndation1 & t *ildr5 c n be s5sible ( x1 or h any idea ( x :atev]4 ,!y le>n1 9 le>n+ to talk1 :at s\nd s]ves z ! "n by :i* ! drops ( wat] t !y f9d ^u ! grass 9 ! morn+ is d5ot$1 b !y c h no clue :atev] to guide !m 9 det]m9+ :i* ( ! v>i\s modes by :i* precisely t s\nd is repres5t$ 9 diff]5t words1 z dew1 d1 due1 du1 doo1 & d\1 is to be employ$ 9 ?is case1 & !y become involv$ 9 hopeless p]plexity if !y attempt to imag9e h[ x ought to be spell$2 & we ?9k !m /upid because !y c n extricate !mselves f ! difficulty on our call+ ^u !m to ?9k6 ,no d\bt !re is a reason = ! p>ticul> mode ( spell+ ea* p>ticul> ^w 9 ! language--b t reason is hidd5 9 ! pa/ hi/ory ( ! ^w & 9 facts connect$ ) its orig9 & d]ivation f "s b>b>\s or dead language1 & is z utt]ly beyond ! rea* ( ea* g5]ation ( spell]s z if !re 7 no su* reasons 9 exi/5ce4 ,!re c n be ! slighte/ help 9 any way f ! ex]cise ( ! ?9k+ or ! reason+ p[]s4 ,x is true t ! v>iety ( ! modes by :i* a giv5 s\nd may be repres5t$ is n s great 9 all words z x is 9 ^! examples1 ?\gh ) respect to a va/ numb] ( ! words 9 common use ! above are fair specim5s4 ,!y 7 n specially select$1 b 7 tak5 almo/ at r&om4 ,& !re are v few words 9 ! language ! s\nd ( :i* might n be repres5t$ by sev]al diff]5t modes4 ,take1 = example1 ! ?ree la/ words ( ! la/ s5t5ce1 :i*1 z ! words 7 writt5 )\t any ?\ght ( us+ !m = ?is purpose1 may be consid]$1 p]haps1 z a fair specim5 ( words tak5 actually at r&om4 ,! s\nd ( ! ^w sev]al might be express$ 9 p]fect accordance ) ! usage ( ,engli% spell+1 z cev]al1 sev]ul1 sev>al1 cevural1 & 9 _m o!r diff]5t modes4 ,! comb9ations diph]ant1 dif]unt1 dyff]5t1 diffurunt1 & _m o!rs1 w\ld z well repres5t ! s\nd ( ! second ^w z ! usual mode4 ,& s ) modes1 :i*1 accord+ to ! analogy ( ! language1 might z well be express$ by moads1 m[des1 moades1 mohdes1 or ev5 mhodes1 z 9 ,rhodes4 ,an exceptionally precise speak] might d\btless make "s slight diff]5ce 9 ! s\nds indicat$ by ! diff]5t modes ( repres5t+ ! same syllable z giv5 above2 b to ! ord9>y appreciation ( *ildhood ! di/9ction 9 s\nd betwe5 su* comb9ations1 = example1 z a n t 9 con/ant & e n t 9 diff]5t w\ld n be p]ceptible4 ,n[1 :5 we consid] ! obvi\s fact t ! *ild has to le>n me*anically1 )\t any pr9ciples :atev] to guide him 9 discov]+ :i*1 out ( ! _m diff]5t =ms1 equally probable1 judg+ simply f analogy1 by :i* ! s\nd ( ! ^w is to be express$1 is ! "r "o2 & consid]+ h[ small a portion ( 8 "t ea* day is or c be devot$ to ?is "w1 & t ! numb] ( words 9 common use1 all ( :i* he is expect$ to "k h[ to spell correctly by ! "t t he is twelve or fifte5 ye>s ( age1 is probably t5 or twelve ?\s& 7!re are 9 ,web/]'s diction>y consid]ably ov] a hundr$ ?\s&72 :5 we take ^! consid]ations into acc\nt1 x w\ld seem t a p>5t1 on f9d+ t a lett] writt5 by 8 daught]1 twelve or f\rte5 ye>s ( age1 has all b ?ree or f\r words spell$ "r1 ought to be pleas$ & satisfi$1 & to express 8 satisfaction = ! enc\ragem5t ( ! le>n]1 in/ead ( appe>+ to ?9k only ( ! few words t are wrong1 & di%e>t5+ & disc\rag+ ! *ild by attempts to make h] a%am$ ( h] spell+4 ,! case is sub/antially ! same ) ! enorm\s difficulties to be enc\nt]$ 9 le>n+ to read & to write4 ,! names ( ! lett]s1 z ! *ild pron\nces !m individually1 give v little clue to ! s\nd t is to be giv5 to ! ^w =m$ by !m4 ,?us1 ! lett]s h i t1 z ! *ild pron\nces !m individually--ait*1 eye1 tee--w\ld naturally spell to him "s su* ^w z a*ite1 n hit at all4 ,& z = ! labor & difficulty ( writ+1 a "m :o is impati5t at ! sl[ progress ( h] *ildr5 9 ! atta9m5t ( ! art w\ld be aid$ v mu* 9 obta9+ a j idea ( ! difficulties :i* !y exp]i5ce by sitt+ ^u a *air & at a table bo? mu* too high = h]1 & try+ to copy ,*9ese *>act]s by means ( a hair-p5cil1 & ) h] left h&--! "w to be closely inspect$ e day by a /]n ,*9aman ( :om %e /&s 9 awe1 & all ! m9ute/ deviations f ! copy po9t$ out to h] att5tion ) an air ( dissatisfaction & reproval6 ,effect ( ,ridicule4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 no "o cause :i* ex]ts a great] influ5ce 9 *ill+ ! int]e/ t *ildr5 naturally feel 9 ! acquisition ( k1 ?an ! depression & disc\ragem5t :i* result f hav+ _! mi/akes & errors--= a l>ge portion ( :i* !y are 9 no s5se to blame--made subjects ( c5sure or ridicule4 ,! effect is /ill m decid$ 9 ! case ( girls ?an 9 t ( boys1 ! g5tl] sex be+ naturally s mu* m s5sitive4 ,i h f\nd 9 _m cases1 especially 9 respect to girls :o are f> en\gh advanc$ to h _h a tol]ably full exp]i5ce ( ! usual influ5ces ( s*ools1 t ! fe> ( mak+ mi/akes1 & ( be+ ?\ght /upid1 has _h m effect 9 h9d]+ & ret>d+ progress1 by repress+ ! natural ardor ( ! pupil1 & de/roy+ all alacrity & c\rage 9 ! ef=ts to advance1 ?an all o!r causes comb9$4 ,/upidity4 ,h[ ung5]\s1 & ev5 cruel1 x is to reproa* or ridicule a *ild = /upidity1 is evid5t :5 we reflect t any suppos$ inf]iority 9 8 m5tal organization c n1 by any possibility1 be 8 fault4 ,! "q :at degree ( natural intellig5ce he %all be end[$ )1 9 comp>ison ) o!r *ildr51 is det]m9$1 n by himself1 b by 8 ,creator1 & dep5ds1 probably1 ^u conditions ( organization 9 8 c]ebral sy/em z mu* beyond 8 control z any ?+ abnormal 9 ! features ( 8 face1 or bl9dness1 or deafness1 or any o!r physical disadvantage4 ,! *ild :o %[s any indications ( inf]iority to o!rs 9 any ( ^! respects %\ld be ! object ( 8 p>5t's or 8 tea*]'s special t5d]ness & c>e4 ,if he is ne>-sight$1 give him1 at s*ool1 a seat z conv5i5t z possible to ! blackbo>d or ! map4 ,if he is h>d ( he>+1 place him ne> ! tea*]2 & = reasons precisely analog\s1 if y suspect him to be ( inf]ior capacity1 help him g5tly & t5d]ly 9 e possible way4 ,d e ?+ 9 y\r p[] to enc\rage him1 & to conceal 8 defici5cies bo? f o!rs & f himself1 s f> z ^! objects c be atta9$ consi/5tly ) ! g5]al good ( ! family or ( ! s*ool4 ,&1 at all ev5ts1 let ^? :o h 9 any way ! *>ge ( *ildr5 keep ! di/9ction well def9$ 9 _! m9ds betwe5 ! faults :i* result f evil int5tions1 or delib]ate & willful neglect ( kn[n duty1 & ^? :i*1 :atev] ! inconv5i5ce !y may occasion1 are 9 "p or 9 :ole ! results ( m5tal or physical immaturity4 ,9 all our deal+s1 :e!r ) plants1 or animals1 or ) ! human s\l1 we ought1 9 our tra9+1 to act v g5tly 9 respect to all t p]ta9s to ! embryo condition4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,activity ,,( ,,*ildr54 ,9 ord] rightly to und]/& ! true nature ( t extraord9>y activity :i* is s noticeable 9 all *ildr5 t are 9 a /ate ( heal?1 s z to be able to deal ) x on ! "r pr9ciples & 9 a prop] mann]1 x is necess>y to turn our att5tion some:at c>efully to c]ta9 sci5tific tru?s 9 respect to ! nature & action ( =ce 9 g5]al :i* are n[ abundantly e/abli%$1 & :i* ?r[ great light on ! true "* ( t peculi> =m ( x :i* is s *>act]i/ic ( *ildhood1 & is1 inde$1 s abundantly develop$ by ! vital functions ( almo/ all "y animals4 ,"o ( ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ?is sy/em ( sci5tific tru? is t :i* is call$ ! p]si/5ce ( =ce4 ,! ,p]si/5ce ( ,=ce4 ,by ! p]si/5ce ( =ce is meant ! pr9ciple--"o n[ e/abli%$ ) s mu* c]ta9ty z to comm& ! ass5t ( e ?9k+ man :o exam9es ! subject--t 9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( nature no =ce is ei!r ev] orig9at$ or ev] de/roy$1 b only *ang$ 9 =m4 ,9 o!r words1 t all exi/+ =ces are b ! cont9uation or prolongation ( o!r =ces prec$+ !m1 ei!r ( ! same or o!r =ms1 b precisely equival5t 9 am\nt2 & t no =ce c t]m9ate its action 9 any o!r way ?an by be+ transmut$ into "s o!r =ce1 ei!r ( ! same or ( "s o!r =m2 b /ill1 aga91 precisely equival5t 9 am\nt4 ,x 0 =m]ly believ$ t a =ce might "u c]ta9 circum/ances be orig9at$--creat$1 z x 7--& h5ce ! attempts to contrive ma*9es = p]petual motion--t is1 ma*9es = ! production ( =ce4 ,?is idea is n[ :olly r5\nc$ by all well-in=m$ m5 z utt]ly impossible 9 ! nature ( ?+s4 ,all t human me*anism c d is to provide modes = us+ advantage\sly a =ce previ\sly exi/+1 )\t ! possibility ( ei!r increas+ or dim9i%+ x4 ,no exi/+ =ce c be de/roy$4 ,! only *anges possible are *anges ( direction1 *anges 9 ! relation ( int5sity to quantity1 & *anges ( =m4 ,! cases 9 :i* a =ce is app>5tly increas$ or dim9i%$1 z well z ^? 9 :i* x seems to disappe>1 are all f\nd1 on exam9ation1 to be illusive4 ,= example1 ! app>5t increase ( a man's p[] by ! use ( a lev] is really no increase at all4 ,x is true t1 by press+ ^u ! out] arm ) 8 own weight1 he c cause ! mu* great] weight ( ! /one to rise2 b !n x w rise only a v little way 9 comp>ison ) ! di/ance ?r\gh :i* 8 own weight desc5ds4 ,8 own weight mu/1 9 fact1 desc5d ?r\gh a di/ance z mu* great] ?an t by :i* ! /one asc5ds1 z ! weight ( ! /one is great] ?an 8 weight4 ,9 o!r words1 s f> z ! balance ( ! =ces is conc]n$1 ! :ole am\nt ( ! d[nw>d motion consi/s ( ! small] weight desc5d+ ?r\gh a great] di/ance1 :i* w be equal to ! :ole am\nt ( t ( ! l>g] "o asc5d+ ?r\gh a small] di/ance2 &1 to produce a prepond]ance1 ! :ole am\nt ( ! d[nw>d =ce mu/ be some:at great]4 ,?us ! lev] only ga!rs or conc5trates =ce1 z x 71 b does n at all increase x4 ,x is s ) all ! o!r contrivances = manag+ =ce = ! accompli%m5t ( p>ticul> purposes4 ,none ( !m1 increase ! =ce1 b only alt] its =m & "*1 ) a view to its bett] adaptation to ! purpose 9 view4 ,nor c any =ce be ext+ui%$4 ,:5 a bullet /rikes aga9/ a solid wall1 ! =ce ( its movem5t1 :i* seems to disappe>1 is n lo/2 x is conv]t$ into heat--! temp]ature ( bo? ! bullet & ( t "p ( ! wall on :i* x imp+es be+ rais$ by ! concussion4 ,& x is f\nd t ! am\nt ( ! heat :i* is ?us produc$ is always 9 exact proportion to ! quantity ( me*anical motion :i* is /opp$2 ?is quantity dep5d+ on ! weight ( ! bullet1 & on ! velocity ) :i* x 0 mov+4 ,& x has be5 asc]ta9$1 moreov]1 by ! mo/ c>eful1 pati5t1 & _m times repeat$ exp]im5ts & calculations1 t ! quantity ( ?is heat is exactly ! same ) t :i*1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( /eam1 or by any o!r mode ( apply+ x1 may be made to produce ! same quantity ( me*anical motion t 0 ext+ui%$ 9 ! bullet4 ,?us ! =ce 0 n de/roy$1 b only conv]t$ into ano!r =m4 ,& if we %\ld foll[ out ! natural effects ( ?is heat into :i* ! motion ( ! bullet 0 transf]r$1 we %\ld f9d x r>efy+ ! air ar\nd ! place ( concussion1 & ?us lift+ ! :ole mass ( ! atmosph]e above x1 & produc+ curr5ts ( ! nature ( w9d1 & ?r\gh ^! produc+ o!r effects1 ?us go+ on =ev]2 ! =ce *ang+ its =m1 b nei!r increas+ or dim9i%+ its quantity ?r\gh a s]ies ( *anges )\t end4 ,! ,arre/ & tempor>y ,res]vation ( ,=ce4 ,n[1 al?\gh x is ?us impossible t any =ce %\ld be de/roy$1 or 9 any way cease to exi/ 9 "o =m )\t sett+ 9 action a precisely equal am\nt 9 "s o!r =m1 x may1 z x 71 pass into a condition ( re/ra9t1 & rema9 ?us susp5d$ & lat5t = an indef9ite p]iod--ready1 h[ev]1 to break into action aga9 ! mom5t t ! re/ra9t is remov$4 ,?us a p]fectly ela/ic spr+ may be b5t by a c]ta9 =ce1 & reta9$ 9 ! b5t position a long "t4 ,b ! mom5t t x is releas$ x w unb5d itself1 ex]cis+ 9 s do+ precisely ! degree ( =ce exp5d$ 9 b5d+ x4 ,9 ! same mann] air may be compress$ 9 an air-gun1 & held ?us1 ) ! =ce1 z x 71 imprison$1 = any l5g? ( "t1 until at la/1 :5 ! det5t is releas$ by ! trigg]1 ! ela/ic =ce comes into action1 ex]cis+ 9 its action a p[] precisely ! same z t ) :i* x 0 compress$4 ,=ce or p[] may be ?us1 z x 71 /or$ up 9 a c\ntless v>iety ( ways1 & res]v$ = future action2 &1 :5 f9ally releas$1 ! :ole am\nt may be set free at once1 s z to exp5d itself 9 a s+le impulse1 z 9 case ( ! arr[ or ! bullet2 or x may be p>tially re/ra9$1 s z to exp5d itself gradually1 z 9 ! case ( a clock or wat*4 ,9 ei!r case ! total am\nt exp5d$ w be precisely ! same--namely1 ! exact equival5t ( t :i* 0 plac$ 9 /ore4 ,vegetable & ,animal ,life4 ,!re are a va/ numb] ( me*anical contrivances 9 use among m5 = ?us putt+ =ce 9 /ore1 z x 71 & !n us+ x m or less gradually1 z may be requir$4 ,& nature1 moreov]1 does ?is on a scale s /up5d\s z to r5d] all human contrivances = ?is purpose utt]ly insignificant 9 comp>ison4 ,! great ag5t :i* nature employs 9 ?is "w is vegetation4 ,inde$1 x may truly be said t ! great function ( vegetable life1 9 all ! inf9itude ( =ms & *>act]s :i* x assumes1 is to receive & /ore up =ce d]iv$ f ! emanations ( ! sun4 ,animal life1 on ! o!r h&1 exi/s & fulfills its functions by ! exp5diture ( ?is =ce4 ,animals receive vegetable productions conta9+ ^! res]ves ( =ce into _! sy/ems1 :i* sy/ems conta9 arrangem5ts = lib]at+ ! =ce1 & employ+ x = ! purposes x is int5d$ to subs]ve 9 ! animal economy4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ^! processes are p]=m$ is 9 g5]al t]ms z foll[s3 ,! vegetable absorbs f ! e>? & f ! air sub/ances exi/+ 9 _! natural condition--t is1 unit$ accord+ to _! /ronge/ aff9ities4 ,^! sub/ances are *iefly wat]1 conta9+ v>i\s m9]al salts 9 solution1 f ! gr\nd1 & c>bonic acid f ! air4 ,^! sub/ances1 aft] und]go+ c]ta9 *anges 9 ! vessels ( ! plant1 are expos$ to ! influ5ce ( ! rays ( ! sun 9 ! leaves4 ,by ! p[] ( ^! rays--includ+ ! calorific1 ! lum9\s1 & ! act9ic--! natural aff9ities by :i* ! above-m5tion$ sub/ances 7 unit$ are ov]come1 & !y are =m$ into new comb9ations1 9 :i* !y are unit$ by v weak aff9ities4 ,( c\rse1 !y h a /rong t5d5cy to break away f ! new unions1 & fall back into ! old4 ,b1 by "s my/]i\s & incompreh5sible means1 ! sun has p[] to lock !m1 s to speak1 9 _! new =ms1 s z to require a special condition ( ?+s = ! releas+ ( !m4 ,?us !y =m a res]ve ( =ce1 :i* c be held 9 re/ra9t until ! conditions requir$ = _! release are realiz$4 ,! process c be illu/rat$ m p>ticul>ly by a s+le case4 ,wat]1 "o ( ! sub/ances absorb$ by plants1 is compos$ ( oxyg5 & hydrog51 :i* are unit$ by an aff9ity ( prodigi\s =ce4 ,x is ! same ) c>bon & oxyg51 9 a comp\nd call$ c>bonic acid1 :i* is also "o ( ! pr9cipal sub/ances absorb$ by plants f ! air4 ,n[ ! heat & o!r emanations f ! sun1 act+ ^u ^! sub/ances 9 ! leaves1 =ces ! hydrog5 & ! c>bon away f _! /rong bond ( union ) oxyg51 & sets ! oxyg5 free1 & !n comb9es ! c>bon & hydrog5 into a sort ( unwill+ union ) ea* o!r--a union f :i* !y are always ready & eag] to break away1 t !y may return to _! union ) ! object ( _! =m] & mu* /rong] atta*m5t--namely1 oxyg52 ?\gh !y are s lock$1 by "s my/]i\s means1 t !y c n break away except :5 c]ta9 conditions necess>y to _! release are realiz$4 ,hydroc>bons4 ,! sub/ances ?us =m$ by a weak union ( c>bon ) hydrog5 are call$ hydroc>bons4 ,!y comprise ne>ly all ! highly inflammable vegetable sub/ances4 ,_! be+ combu/ible means simply t !y h a great disposition to resume _! union ) oxyg5--combu/ion be+ no?+ o!r ?an a m or less viol5t return ( a sub/ance to a union ) oxyg5 or "s o!r su* sub/ance1 usually "o f :i* x _h =m]ly be5 sep>at$ by =ce--giv+ out aga9 by its return1 9 ! =m ( heat1 ! =ce by :i* ! orig9al sep>ation _h be5 effect$4 ,a comp\nd =m$ ?us ( sub/ances unit$ by v weak aff9ities1 s t !y are always ready to sep>ate f ea* o!r & =m new unions "u ! influ5ce ( /rong] aff9ities1 is said to be 9 a /ate ( un/able equilibrium4 ,x is ! function ( vegetable life to create ^! un/able comb9ations by means ( ! =ce d]iv$ f ! sun2 & ! comb9ations1 :5 =m$1 ( c\rse hold ! =ce :i* =m$ !m 9 res]ve1 ready to make itself manife/ :5ev] x is releas$4 ,animals receive ^! sub/ances into _! sy/ems 9 _! food4 ,a portion ( !m !y reta91 re-arrang+ ! compon5ts 9 "s cases s z to =m new comp\nds1 b /ill un/able4 ,^! !y use 9 con/ruct+ ! tissues ( ! animal sy/em1 & "s !y res]ve = future use4 ,z fa/ z !y require ! heat & ! =ce :i* are /or$ 9 !m !y exp5d1 !m1 ?us recov]+ ! =ce :i* 0 absorb$ 9 ! =mation ( !m1 & :i* n[1 on be+ releas$1 re-appe>s 9 ! ?ree =ms ( animal heat1 muscul> motion1 & c]ebral or n]v\s en]gy4 ,!re are o!r modes besides ! processes ( animal life by :i* ! res]v$ =ce laid up by ! vegetable process 9 ^! un/able comp\nds may be releas$4 ,9 _m cases x releases itself "u ord9>y exposures to ! oxyg5 ( ! atmosph]e4 ,a log ( wood--:i* is compos$ *iefly ( c>bon & hydrog5 9 an un/able union--ly+ ^u ! gr\nd w gradually decay1 z we t]m x--t is1 its elem5ts w sep>ate f ea* o!r1 & =m new unions ) ! elem5ts ( ! surr\nd+ air1 ?us return+ to _! normal condition4 ,!y give out1 9 s do+1 a l[ degree ( heat1 :i*1 be+ protract$ ?r\gh a c\rse ( ye>s1 makes up1 9 ! end1 ! precise equival5t ( t exp5d$ by ! sun 9 =m+ ! wood--t is1 ! p[] exp5d$ 9 ! =mation ( ! wood is all releas$ 9 ! dissolution ( x4 ,?is process may be greatly accel]at$ by heat4 ,if a portion ( ! wood is rais$ 9 temp]ature to a c]ta9 po9t1 ! elem5ts beg9 to comb9e ) ! oxyg5 ne>1 ) s mu* viol5ce z to release ! res]v$ p[] ) great rapidity4 ,& z ?is =ce re-appe>s 9 ! =m ( heat1 ! next portions ( ! wood are at once rais$ to ! "r temp]ature to all[ ! process ( reoxidation to g on rapidly ) !m4 ,?is is ! process ( combu/ion4 ,obs]vations & exp]im5ts on decay+ wood h be5 made1 %[+ t ! am\nt ( heat develop$ by ! combu/ion ( a mass ( wood1 ?\gh mu* m int5se = a "t1 is ! same 9 am\nt z t :i* is set free by ! sl[] process ( re-oxidation by gradual decay2 bo? be+ ! equival5t ( ! am\nt absorb$ by ! leaves f ! sun1 9 ! process ( deoxidiz+ ! c>bon & hydrog5 :5 ! wood 0 =m$4 ,! =ce imprison$ 9 ^! un/able comp\nds may be held 9 res]ve = an unlimit$ p]iod1 s long z all opportunity is d5i$ !m ( return+ ! elem5ts t compose !m to _! orig9al comb9ations4 ,su* a case occurs :5 l>ge b$s ( vegetable sub/ances are buri$ "u lay]s ( s$im5t :i* subsequ5tly become /one1 & ?us %ut ! hydroc>bonace\s comp\nds b5ea? !m f all access to oxyg54 ,! b$s ( coal ?us =m$ reta9 _! res]v$ =ce = p]iods ( imm5se duration2 & :5 at l5g? ! mat]ial ?us protect$ is br\ght to ! surface1 & made to give up its treasur$ p[]1 x manife/s its effici5cy 9 driv+ ma*9]y1 propell+ tra9s1 heat+ furnaces1 or diffus+ w>m? & com=t ar\nd ! family fireside4 ,9 all ^! cases ! heat & p[] develop$ f ! coal is heat & p[] d]iv$ orig9ally f ! sun1 & n[ set free1 aft] hav+ la9 dormant ?\s&s & p]haps millions ( ye>s4 ,?is simple case ( ! =mation ( hydroc>bons f ! elem5ts furni%$ by c>bonic acid & wat] is only adduc$ z an illu/ration ( ! g5]al pr9ciple4 ,! modes by :i* ! p[] ( ! sun actually takes effect 9 ! decomposition ( /able comp\nds1 & ! =mation ( un/able ones f ! elem5ts ?us obta9$1 are innum]able1 & ! processes z well z ! comb9ations t result are extremely complicat$4 ,^! processes include n only ! fir/ =mation ( ! un/able comp\nds 9 ! leaf1 b also an endless s]ies ( modifications & re-arrangem5ts :i* !y subsequ5tly und]go1 z well 9 ! o!r organs ( ! plant z 9 ^? ( ! animal :5 !y are f9ally introduc$ into an animal sy/em4 ,9 all1 h[ev]1 ! g5]al result is sub/antially ! same--namely1 ! =c+ ( elem5ts into unnatural comb9ations1 s to speak1 by ! p[] ( ! sun act+ ?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( vegetation1 9 ord] t !y may subsequ5tly1 9 ! animal sy/em1 give out t p[] aga9 by ! ef=t !y make to release !mselves f ! co]cion impos$ ^u !m1 & to return to ! natural unions 9 :i* !y c f9d aga9 /ability & repose4 ,"o ( ! *ief elem5ts employ$ 9 ! =mation ( ^! weakly-comb9$ sub/ances is nitrog5--its comp\nds be+ designat$ z nitrog5\s sub/ances1 & not$1 z a class1 = ! facility ) :i* !y are decompos$4 ,nitrog5 is1 9 fact1 ! great weak-hold] ( nature4 ,"y /ud5ts 9 *emi/ry1 :5 !y le>n t nitrog5 is di/+ui%$ by ! weakness ( its aff9ities = o!r elem5ts1 & its consequ5t great in]tness z a *emical ag5t1 are (t5 a/oni%$ to f9d t its comp\nds--su* z nitric acid1 nitre1 :i* gives its explosive "* to gunp[d]1 nitro-glyc]9e1 gun-cotton1 & v>i\s o!r explosive sub/ances :i* x helps to =m--are among ! mo/ rem>kable 9 nature = ! viol5ce & int5sity ( _! action1 & = ! ext5t to :i* ! pr9ciple ( vitality avails itself ( !m z magaz9es ( =ce1 ^u :i* to draw 9 ! fulfillm5t ( its v>i\s functions4 #ahf ,,g5tle ,,measures4 ,b ?is is really j :at %\ld be expect$4 ,x is ! v weakness ( ! hold :i* nitrog5 ma9ta9s ^u ! elem5ts comb9$ ) x t facilitates _! release1 & af=ds !m ! opportunity to seize ) s mu* avidity & viol5ce on ^? = :i* !y h a /rong attraction4 ,x is z if a huntsman %\ld conduct a pack ( f]oci\s dogs into a field occupi$ by a flock ( %eep1 quietly graz+1 hold+ ! dogs securely by v /rong lea%es4 ,! quiet & repose ( ! field might n be s]i\sly di/urb$2 b if1 on ! o!r h&1 a *ild comes 91 lead+ ! dogs by ?reads :i* !y c easily sund]1 a sc5e ( ! greate/ viol5ce & confusion w\ld ensue4 ,9 ! same mann]1 :5 nitrog51 hold+ ! p>ticles ( oxyg5 ) :i* x is comb9$ 9 ! comp\nds above nam$ by a v feeble control1 br+s !m into ! pres5ce ( o!r sub/ances = :i* !y h a v /rong aff9ity1 !y release !mselves at once f _! weak cu/odian1 & ru% into ! comb9ations :i* _! nature dem&s ) s mu* avidity z to produce combu/ions1 deflagrations1 & explosions ( ! mo/ viol5t "*4 ,! =ce :i* ! elem5ts display 9 ^! reunions is always--& ?is is "o aspect ( ! great discov]y ( mod]n times 9 respect to ! p]si/5ce or con/ancy ( =ce :i* has already be5 ref]r$ to--precisely ! same 9 am\nt z t :i* 0 requir$ = dissev]+ !m f _! orig9al comb9ations ) su* sub/ances at "s previ\s "t4 ,! processes ( vegetation are ! *ief means employ$ = effect+ ! orig9al sep>ations1 by ! p[] ( ! sun1 & = =m+ ! un/able comp\nds by :i* ?is p[] is held 9 res]ve4 ,! animal sy/em1 on ! o!r h&1 takes 9 ^! comp\nds1 remodels !m s f> z is requir$ to adapt !m to its /ructure1 assimilates !m1 & !n1 z occasion requires quires1 x releases ! conceal$ =ce1 :i* !n manife/s itself 9 ! =ms ( animal heat1 ( muscul> motion1 & ( c]ebral & n]v\s p[]4 ,9 :at way1 & to :at ext5t1 ! k ( ^! tru?s %\ld influ5ce u 9 ! managem5t & tra9+ ( *ildr5 9 respect to _! extraord9>y activity1 is ! "q we h next to consid]4 ,practical ,applications ( ^! ,pr9ciples4 ,if we wat* a bird = a little :ile hopp+ along ^u ! gr\nd1 & up & d[n betwe5 ! gr\nd & ! bran*es ( a tree1 we %all at fir/ be surpris$ at 8 incessant activity1 & next1 if we reflect a little1 at ! utt] aimlessness & uselessness ( x4 ,he runs a little way along ! pa?2 !n he hops up ^u a twig1 !n d[n aga9 ^u ! gr\nd2 !n makes believe peck at some?+ :i* he imag9es or pret5ds t he sees 9 ! grass2 !n1 cant+ 8 head to "o side & upw>d1 ! bran* ( a tree !re happ5s to /rike 8 eye1 ^u :i* he at once flies up to x4 ,p]*+ himself ^u x = ! mom5t1 he utt]s a bur/ ( joy\s song1 & !n1 in/antly aft]w>ds1 d[n he comes ^u ! gr\nd aga91 runs along1 /ops1 runs along a little f>!r1 /ops aga91 looks ar\nd him a mom5t1 z if wond]+ :at to d next1 & !n flies (f out ( our field ( view4 ,if we c\ld foll[1 & _h pati5ce to wat* him s long1 we %\ld f9d him cont9u+ ?is incessantly *ang+ b nev]-ceas+ activity all ! day long4 ,we sometimes imag9e t ! bird's movem5ts are to be expla9$ by suppos+ t he is engag$ 9 ! se>* = food 9 ^! evolutions4 ,b :5 we reflect h[ small a quantity ( food 8 little crop w conta91 we %all be at once conv9c$ t a l>ge proportion ( 8 app>5t peck+ = food is only make-believe1 & t he moves ?us incessantly n s mu* on acc\nt ( ! end he seeks to atta9 by x1 z on acc\nt ( ! v pleasure ( ! motion4 ,he hops ab\t & pecks1 n = ! love ( any ?+ he expects to f9d1 b j = ! love ( hopp+ & peck+4 ,! real explanation is t ! food :i* he has tak5 is deliv]+ up1 )9 8 sy/em1 ! =ce /or$ 9 x t 0 receiv$ orig9ally f ! beams ( ! sun1 :ile ! plant :i* produc$ x 0 gr[+4 ,?is =ce mu/ h an outlet1 & x f9ds ?is outlet 9 ! incessant activity ( ! bird's muscles & bra94 ,! v>i\s objects :i* attract 8 att5tion )\t1 invite ! =ce to exp5d itself 9 c]ta9 special directions2 b ! impell+ cause is )91 & n )\t2 & 7 !re no?+ )\t to s]ve z objects = its action1 ! necessity ( its action w\ld be none ! less imp]i\s4 ,! lion1 :5 imprison$ 9 8 cage1 walks to & fro cont9u\sly1 if !re is room = him to take two /eps & turn2 & if !re is n room = ?is1 he moves 8 head incessantly f side to side4 ,! =ce )9 him1 :i* 8 vital organs are sett+ at lib]ty f its imprisonm5t 9 8 food1 mu/ 9 "s way f9d issue4 ,mo!rs d n (t5 /op to speculate ^u1 & may ev51 p]haps1 seldom obs]ve ! re/less & incessant activity ( birds1 b t ( _! *ildr5 =ces itself ^u _! att5tion by its effects 9 di/urb+ _! own quiet avocations & pleasures2 & !y (t5 wond] :at c be ! inducem5t :i* leads to su* a p]petual succession ( movem5ts made app>5tly )\t motive or end4 ,&1 n p]ceiv+ any possible inducem5t to acc\nt = x1 !y are apt to consid] ?is re/less activity s causeless & unreasonable z to make x a fault = :i* ! *ild is to be c5sur$ or puni%$1 or :i* !y are to attempt to cure by means ( artificial re/ra9ts4 ,!y w\ld n attempt su* repressions z ?is if !y 7 aw>e t all ?is muscul> & m5tal en]gy ( action 9 ! *ild is only ! outw>d manife/ation ( an inw>d =ce develop$ 9 a mann] :olly indep5d5t ( its w--a =ce1 too1 :i* mu/ sp5d itself 9 "s way or o!r1 & t1 if n all[$ to d ?is 9 its own way1 by impell+ ! limbs & memb]s to outw>d action1 x w d s by de/roy+ ! delicate me*anism )94 ,we see ?is 9 ! case ( m5 :o are doom$ = long p]iods to solit>y conf9em5t4 ,! =ce d]iv$ f _! food1 & releas$ )9 _! sy/ems by ! vital processes1 be+ cut (f by ! sil5ce & solitude ( ! dungeon f all usual & natural outlets1 beg9s to "w mis*ief )91 by disorganiz+ ! c]ebral & o!r vital organs1 & produc+ insanity & dea?4 ,common ,mi/ake4 ,we make a great mi/ake :5 we imag9e t *ildr5 are influ5c$ 9 _! activity ma9ly by a desire = ! objects :i* !y atta9 by x4 ,x is n ! ends atta9$1 b ! pleasurable feel+ :i* ! action ( ! int]nal =ce1 issu+ by its natural *annels1 af=ds !m1 & ! s5se ( p[] :i* accompanies ! action4 ,an end :i* pres5ts itself to be atta9$ invites ?is =ce to act 9 "o direction r ?an ano!r1 b x is ! action1 & n ! end1 9 :i* ! *>m resides4 ,give a *ild a b[ & arr[1 & s5d him out into ! y>d to try x1 & if he does n happ5 to see any ?+ to %oot at1 he w %oot at r&om into ! air4 ,b if !re is any object :i* w s]ve z a m>k 9 sight1 x seems to h ! effect ( draw+ 8 aim t[>ds x4 ,he %oots at ! vane on ! b>n1 at an apple on a tree1 a knot 9 a f5ce--any ?+ :i* w s]ve ! purpose ( a m>k4 ,?is is n because he has any end to accompli% 9 hitt+ ! vane1 ! apple1 or ! knot1 b only because !re is an impulse )9 him lead+ him to %oot1 & if !re happ5s to be any ?+ to %oot at1 x gives t impulse a direction4 ,x is precisely ! same ) ! incessant muscul> activity ( a *ild4 ,he comes into a room & sits d[n 9 ! fir/ seat t he sees4 ,!n he jumps up & runs to ano!r1 !n to ano!r1 until he has tri$ all ! seats 9 ! room4 ,?is is n because he p>ticul>ly wi%es to try ! seats4 ,he wi%es to move1 & ! seats happ5 to be at h&1 & !y simply give direction to ! impulse4 ,if he 7 out ( doors1 ! same (fice w\ld be fulfill$ by a f5ce :i* he might climb ov]1 in/ead ( go+ ?r\gh an op5 gate close by2 or a wall t he c\ld walk ^u ) difficulty1 in/ead ( go+1 )\t difficulty1 along a pa? at ! foot ( x2 or a pole :i* he c\ld try to climb1 :5 !re 0 no motive = climb+ x b a desire to make muscul> ex]tion2 or a /eep bank :]e he c scramble up1 :5 !re is no?+ t he wi%es = on ! top ( x4 ,9 o!r words1 ! ?+s t *ildr5 d are n done = ! sake ( ! ?+s1 b = ! sake ( ! do+4 ,p>5ts v (t5 d n und]/& ?is1 & are accord+ly cont9ually ask+ su* fooli% que/ions z1 ,george1 :at d y wi% to climb ov] t f5ce =1 :5 !re is a gate all op5 close by8 ,james1 :at good d y expect to get by climb+ up t tree1 :5 y "k !re is no?+ on x1 n ev5 a bird's ne/8 &1 ,lucy1 :at makes y keep jump+ up all ! "t & runn+ ab\t to diff]5t places8 ,:y c't y1 :5 y get a good seat1 sit /ill 9 x8 ,! *ildr51 if !y und]/ood ! philosophy ( ! case1 might answ]1 ,we don't climb ov] ! f5ce at all because we wi% to be on ! o!r side ( x2 or scramble up ! bank = ! sake ( any ?+ t is on ! top ( x2 or run ab\t to diff]5t places because we wi% to be 9 ! places p>ticul>ly4 ,x is ! int]nal =ce t is 9 u work+ itself (f1 & x works itself (f 9 ! ways t come mo/ readily to h&4 ,v>i\s ,modes 9 :i* ! ,res]v$ ,=ce reappe>s4 ,! =ce ?us /or$ 9 ! food & lib]at$ )9 ! sy/em by ! vital processes1 f9ds scope = action 9 sev]al diff]5t ways1 prom95t among :i* are1 ,fir/1 9 ! production ( animal heat2 ,secondly1 9 muscul> contractions & ! motions ( ! limbs & memb]s result+ f !m2 & ,?irdly1 9 m5tal ph5om5a connect$ ) ! action ( ! bra9 & ! n]ves4 ,?is la/ bran* ( ! subject is yet envelop$ 9 great my/]y2 b ! pro( seems to be decisive t ! n]v\s sy/em ( man comprises organs :i* are actively ex]cis$ 9 ! p]=mance ( m5tal op]ations1 & t 9 ?is ex]cise !y consume important portions ( ! vital =ce4 ,if1 = example1 a *ild is actually engag$ at play1 & we direct him to take a seat & sit /ill1 he w f9d x v difficult to d s4 ,! inw>d =ce w soon beg9 to /ruggle )9 him to f9d an issue4 ,b if1 :ile he is s sitt+1 we beg9 to relate to him "s v surpris+ or excit+ /ory1 to occupy 8 m9d1 he w become motionless1 & v likely rema9 s until ! /ory is end$4 ,x is suppos$ t 9 su* cases ! =ce is drawn (f1 s to speak1 ?r\gh ! c]ebral organs :i* x is employ$ 9 keep+ 9 play1 z ! in/rum5ts by :i* ! emotions & ideas :i* ! /ory awak5s 9 ! m9d are evolv$4 ,?is "p ( ! subject1 z has already be5 rem>k$1 is full ( my/]y2 b ! g5]al fact t a portion ( ! =ce d]iv$ f ! food is exp5d$ 9 actions ( ! bra9 & n]v\s sy/em seems well e/abli%$4 ,inde$1 ! :ole subject ( ! reception & ! /or+ up ( =ce f ! sun by ! processes ( vegetable & animal life1 & ! subsequ5t lib]ation ( x 9 ! fulfillm5t ( ! v>i\s functions ( ! animal sy/em1 is full ( difficulties & my/]ies4 ,x is only a v simple view ( ! g5]al pr9ciple :i* is pres5t$ 9 ^! articles4 ,9 nature ! op]ations are n simple at all4 ,!y are involv$ 9 endless complications :i* are yet only to a v limit$ ext5t unravell$4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple is1 h[ev]1 well e/abli%$2 & if und]/ood1 ev5 z a g5]al pr9ciple1 by p>5ts & tea*]s1 x w greatly modify _! action 9 deal+ ) ! incessant re/lessness & activity ( ! "y4 ,x w tea* !m1 among o!r ?+s1 ! foll[+ practical rules3 ,practical ,rules4 #a4 ,nev] f9d fault ) *ildr5 = _! incapacity to keep /ill4 ,y may /op ! supply ( =ce1 if y w1 by refus+ to give !m food2 b if y cont9ue ! supply1 y mu/ n compla9 ( its manife/+ itself 9 action4 ,aft] giv+ y\r boy 8 breakfa/1 to f9d fault ) him = be+ incessantly 9 motion :5 8 sy/em has absorb$ x1 is simply to f9d fault ) him = be+ heal?y & happy4 ,to give *ildr5 food & !n to re/ra9 ! result+ activity1 is conduct v analog\s to t ( ! eng9e] :o %\ld lock ! action ( 8 eng9e1 turn all ! /op-cocks1 & %ut d[n ! safety-valve1 :ile he /ill w5t on all ! "t putt+ 9 coal "u ! boil]4 ,! lea/ t he c\ld expect w\ld be a great hiss+ & fizzl+ at all ! jo9ts ( 8 ma*9e2 & x w\ld be only by means ( su* a degree ( loos5ess 9 ! jo9ts z w\ld all[ ( ! escape ( ! imprison$ =ce 9 ?is way t c\ld prev5t ! repression end+ 9 a frightful cata/rophe4 ,n[1 n9e-t5?s ( ! :isp]+ & play+ ( *ildr5 9 s*ool1 & ( ! noise1 ! rud5ess1 & ! petty mis*ief ( *ildr5 at home1 is j ?is hiss+ & fizzl+ ( an imprison$ p[]1 & no?+ m4 ,9 a ^w1 we mu/ favor & promote1 by e means 9 our p[]1 ! activity ( *ildr51 n c5sure & repress x4 ,we may endeavor to turn x aside f wrong *annels--t is1 to prev5t its manife/+ itself 9 ways injuri\s to !m or annoy+ to o!rs4 ,we mu/ n1 h[ev]1 attempt to div]t x f ^! *annels by damm+ x up1 b by op5+ o!r *annels t w draw x away 9 bett] directions4 #b4 ,9 enc\rag+ ! activity ( *ildr51 & 9 guid+ ! direction ( x 9 _! h\rs ( play1 we mu/ n expect to make x available = useful results1 o!r ?an t ( promot+ _! own physical developm5t & heal?4 ,at lea/1 we c d ?is only 9 a v limit$ degree4 ,almo/ all useful results require = _! atta9m5t a long cont9uance ( ef=ts ( ! same k9d--t is1 exp5diture ( ! vital =ce by ! cont9u$ action ( ! same organs4 ,n[1 x is a pr9ciple ( nature t :ile ! organs ( an animal sy/em are 9 process ( =mation & gr[?1 !y c ex]cise _! p[] only = a v brief p]iod at a "t )\t exhau/ion4 ,?is necessitates on ! "p ( all "y animals incessant *anges ( action1 or alt]nations ( action & repose4 ,a f>m] ( =ty ye>s ( age1 ^: organs are well develop$ & mature1 w *op wood all day )\t excessive fatigue4 ,!n1 :5 he comes home at night1 he w sit = ?ree h\rs 9 ! ev5+ ^u ! settle by 8 fireside1 ?9k+--8 m9d occupi$1 p]haps1 ^u ! details ( ! managem5t ( 8 f>m1 or ^u 8 plans = ! foll[+ day4 ,! vital =ce ?us exp5ds itself = _m successive h\rs ?r\gh 8 muscles1 & !n1 :ile 8 muscles are at re/1 x f9ds its egress = sev]al o!r h\rs ?r\gh ! bra94 ,b 9 ! *ild ! mode ( action mu/ *ange e few m9utes4 ,he is made tir$ ) five m9utes' labor4 ,he is satisfi$ ) five m9utes' re/4 ,he w ride 8 rock+-horse1 if alone1 a %ort "t1 & !n he comes to y to ask y to tell him a /ory4 ,:ile li/5+ to ! /ory1 8 muscles are re/+1 & ! =ce is sp5d+ its /r5g? 9 work+ ! me*anism ( ! bra94 ,if y make y\r /ory too long1 ! bra91 9 turn1 becomes fatigu$1 & he feels in/9ctively impell$ to div]t ! vital =ce aga9 into muscul> action4 ,if1 in/ead ( be+ alone ) 8 rock+-horse1 he has company !re1 he w seem to cont9ue 8 bodily ef=t a long "t2 b he does n really d s1 = he /ops cont9ually1 to talk ) 8 companion1 ?us all[+ 8 muscles to re/ = a brief p]iod1 dur+ :i* ! vital =ce exp5ds its /r5g? 9 c>ry+ on tra9s ( ?\ght & emotion ?r\gh ! bra94 ,he is n to be blam$ = ?is seem+ caprici\sness4 ,^! frequ5t *anges 9 ! mode ( action are a necessity1 & ?is necessity evid5tly unfits him = any k9d ( monoton\s or cont9u$ ex]tion--! only k9d :i*1 9 ord9>y cases1 c be made conducive to any useful results4 #c4 ,p>5ts at home & tea*]s at s*ool mu/ recognize ^! physiological laws1 relat+ to ! action ( ! "y1 & make _! plans & arrangem5ts con=m to !m4 ,! p]iods ( conf9em5t to any "o mode ( action 9 ! v "y1 & especially m5tal action1 mu/ be %ort2 & !y mu/ alt]nate frequ5tly ) o!r modes4 ,t rapid succession ( bodily movem5ts & ( m5tal ideas1 & ! emotions m+l+ & alt]nat+ ) !m1 :i* con/itutes :at *ildr5 call play1 mu/ be reg>d$ n simply z an indulg5ce1 b z a necessity = !m4 ,! play mu/ be consid]$ z ess5tial z ! /udy1 & t n m]ely = ! v "y b = all1 up to ! age ( maturity4 ,= old] pupils1 9 ! be/ in/itutions ( ! c\ntry1 "s suitable provision is made = ?is want2 b ! mo!rs ( "y *ildr5 at home are (t5 at a loss by :at means to effect ?is purpose1 & _m are v imp]fectly aw>e ( ! desirabl5ess1 & ev5 ! necessity1 ( do+ ?is4 ,z = ! means ( accompli%+ ! object--t is1 provid+ *annels = ! complete exp5diture ( ?is =ce 9 ! safe/ & mo/ agreeable mann] = ! *ild1 & ! lea/ inconv5i5t & tr\blesome = o!rs1 mu* mu/ dep5d ^u ! tact1 ! +5uity1 & ! discretion ( ! "m4 ,x w1 h[ev]1 be a great po9t ga9$ = h] :5 %e once fully compreh5ds t ! t5d5cy to incessant activity1 & ev5 to turbul5ce & noise1 on ! "p ( h] *ild1 only %[s t he is all "r 9 8 vital ma*9]y1 & t ?is exub]ance ( en]gy is some?+ to be pleas$ ) & direct$1 n d5\nc$ & re/ra9$4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,imag9ation ,,9 ,,*ildr54 ,! read] may1 p]haps1 recollect t 9 ! la/ *apt] !re 0 an intimation t a portion ( ! =ce :i* 0 produc$1 or r lib]at$ & br\ght into action1 by ! consumption ( food 9 ! vital sy/em1 exp5d$ itself 9 ! developm5t ( ?\ghts1 emotions1 & o!r =ms ( m5tal action1 ?r\gh ! organization ( ! bra9 & ( ! n]ves4 ,exp5diture ( ,=ce ?r\gh ! ,bra94 ,! :ole subject ( ! exp5diture ( mat]ial =ce 9 ma9ta9+ ^? =ms ( m5tal action :i* are c>ri$ on ?r\gh ! m$ium ( bodily organs1 x mu/ be admitt$1 is involv$ 9 great obscurity2 = x is only a glimm]+ ( light :i* sci5ce has yet be5 able to ?r[ into ?is field4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 becom+ ! settl$ op9ion1 among all well-in=m$ p]sons1 t ! s\l1 dur+ ! "t ( its connection ) a mat]ial sy/em 9 ?is life1 p]=ms _m ( ^? functions :i* we class z m5tal1 ?r\gh ! m$ium1 or in/rum5tality1 9 "s my/]i\s way1 ( mat]ial organs1 j z we all "k is ! case ) ! s5sations--t is1 ! impressions made ?r\gh ! organs ( s5se2 & t ! ma9ta9+ ( ^! m5tal organs1 s to speak1 9 action1 involves a c]ta9 exp5diture ( "s =m ( physical =ce1 ! s\rce ( ?is =ce be+ 9 ! food t is consum$ 9 ! n\ri%m5t ( ! body4 ,!re is c]ta9ly no app>5t reason :y !re %\ld be any antec$5t presumption aga9/ ! supposition t ! s\l p]=ms ! act ( rememb]+ or ( conceiv+ an imag9>y sc5e ?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( a bodily organ1 m ?an t x %\ld receive a s5sation ( light or ( s\nd ?r\gh su* a *annel4 ,! "q ( ! indep5d5t exi/5ce & ! immat]iality ( ! ?9k+ & feel+ pr9ciple1 :i* takes cognizance ( ^! ?\ghts & s5sations1 is n at all affect$ by any inquiries into ! nature ( ! in/rum5tality by means ( :i*1 9 a p>ticul> /age ( its exi/5ce1 x p]=ms ^! functions4 ,ph5om5a expla9$ by ?is ,pr9ciple4 ,?is tru?1 if x be inde$ a tru?1 ?r[s great light on :at w\ld be o!rwise q inexplicable 9 ! playful activity ( ! m5tal faculties ( *ildr54 ,! curi\s fantasies1 imag9+s1 & make-believes--! pleasure ( li/5+ to m>vell\s & impossible tales1 & ( he>+ odd & unpron\nceable words or comb9ation ( words --! love ( act+1 & ( disguises--( ! imp]sonation ( inanimate objects--( see+ ?+s z !y are n1 & ( creat+ & giv+ reality to :at has no exi/5ce except 9 _! own m9ds--are all ! gamboll+s & frolics1 s to speak1 ( ! embryo faculties j becom+ consci\s ( _! exi/5ce1 & af=d+1 l ! muscles ( motion1 s _m diff]5t issues = ! int]nal =ce d]iv$ f ! food4 ,?us ! action ( ! m9d ( a *ild1 9 hold+ an imag9>y conv]sation ) a doll1 or 9 inv5t+ or 9 relat+ an impossible fairy /ory1 or 9 conv]t+ a swit* on :i* he pret5ds to be rid+ into a pranc+ horse1 is precisely analog\s to t ( ! muscles ( ! lamb1 or ! calf1 or any o!r "y animal 9 its gambols--t is1 x is ! result ( ! =ce :i* ! vital functions are cont9ually develop+ )9 ! sy/em1 & :i* fl[s & mu/ fl[ cont9ually out ?r\gh :atev] *annels are op5 to x2 & 9 ?us fl[+1 sets all ! v>i\s sy/ems ( ma*9]y into play1 ea* 9 its own appropriate mann]4 ,9 any o!r view ( ! subject ?an ?is1 _m ( ! ph5om5a ( *ildhood w\ld be /ill m wond]ful & inexplicable ?an !y are4 ,"o w\ld h suppos$1 = example1 t ! imag9ation--be+1 z is commonly ?\ght1 "o ( ! mo/ exalt$ & ref9$ ( ! m5tal faculties ( man--w\ld be "o ( ! late/1 9 ! ord] ( "t1 to manife/ itself 9 ! developm5t ( ! m9d2 in/ead ( :i* x is1 9 fact1 "o ( ! e>lie/4 ,*ildr5 live1 9 a great measure1 f ! e>lie/ age 9 an ideal _w--_! pa9s & _! pleasures1 _! joys & _! fe>s be+1 to a va/ ext5t1 ! concomitants ( phantasms & illusions hav+ (t5 ! slighte/ bond ( connection ) ! realities ar\nd !m4 ,! realities !mselves1 moreov]1 (t5 h f> great] influ5ce ov] !m by :at !y sugge/ ?an by :at !y are4 ,inde$1 ! y\ng] ! *ild is1 )9 reasonable limits1 ! m susceptible he seems to be to ! p[] ( ! imag9ation1 & ! m easily 8 m9d & he>t are rea*$ & influ5c$ ?r\gh ?is av5ue4 ,at a v e>ly p]iod ! realities ( actual exi/5ce & ! phantasms ( ! m9d seem insep>ably m+l$1 & x is only aft] mu* exp]i5ce & a consid]able developm5t ( 8 p[]s1 t ! l9e ( di/9ction betwe5 !m becomes def9$4 ,! p[] ( inve/+ an elongat$ bag ( bran ) ! attributes & qualities ( a ?9k+ be+1 s z to make x an object ( solicitude & affection1 :i* w\ld seem to imply a high ex]cise ( "o ( ! mo/ ref9$ & exalt$ ( ! human faculties1 does n come1 z we might h expect$1 at ! end ( a long p]iod ( progress & developm5t1 b spr+s into exi/5ce1 z x 71 at once1 9 ! v e>lie/ ye>s4 ,! progress & developm5t are requir$ to enable ! *ild to p]ceive t ! rude & %apeless doll is n a liv+ & lovable ?+4 ,?is m+l+ ( ! real & imag9>y worlds %[s itself to ! close obs]v] 9 a ?\s& curi\s ways4 ,! true explanation ( ! ph5om5on seems to be t ! v>i\s embryo faculties are br\ght into action by ! vital =ce at fir/ 9 a v irregul>1 int]m+l$1 & caprici\s mann]1 j z ! muscles are 9 ! endless & objectless play ( ! limbs & memb]s4 ,!y develop !mselves & gr[ by ?is v action1 & we ought n only to indulge1 b to *]i% ! action 9 all its beautiful manife/ations by e means 9 our p[]4 ,^! m5tal organs1 s to speak--t is1 ! organs ( ! bra91 ?r\gh :i*1 :ile its connection ) ! body cont9ues1 ! m9d p]=ms its m5tal functions--gr[ & ?rive1 z ! muscles d1 by be+ reasonably kept 9 ex]cise4 ,x is evid5t1 f ^! facts1 t ! p>5t %\ld be pleas$ )1 & %\ld enc\rage ! ex]cise ( ^! embryo p[]s 9 8 *ildr52 & bo? fa!r & "m may be greatly aid$ 9 _! ef=ts to devise means = rea*+ & influ5c+ _! he>ts by means ( !m1 & especially ?r\gh ! action ( ! imag9ation1 :i* w be f\nd1 :5 prop]ly employ$1 to be capable ( ex]cis+ an almo/ magical p[] ( imp>t+ great attractiv5ess & giv+ great effect to lessons ( in/ruction :i*1 9 _! simple =m1 w\ld be dull1 tiresome1 & ineffective4 ,precisely :at is meant by ?is w be %[n m cle>ly by "s examples4 ,me?ods exemplifi$4 ,"o ( ! simple/ & easie/ modes by :i* a "m c avail h]self ( ! vivid imag9ation ( ! *ild 9 amus+ & ent]ta9+ him1 is by hold+ conv]sations ) repres5tations ( p]sons1 or ev5 ( animals1 9 ! pictures :i* %e %[s him4 ,?us1 9 ! case1 = example1 ( a picture :i* %e is %[+ to h] *ild sitt+ 9 h] lap--! picture conta9+1 we w suppose1 a repres5tation ( a little girl ) books "u h] arm--%e may say1 ,my little girl1 :]e are y go+8--,i am go+ 7speak+ n[ 9 a some:at alt]$ voice1 to repres5t ! voice ( ! little girl7 to s*ool4--,ah6 y are go+ to s*ool4 ,y don't look q old en\gh to g to s*ool4 ,:o sits next to y at s*ool8--,george ,williams4--,george ,williams8 ,is he a good boy8--,yes1 he's a v good boy4--,i am glad y h a good boy1 & "o t is k9d to y1 to sit by y4 ,t mu/ be v pleasant4 ,& s on1 z long z ! *ild is int]e/$ 9 li/5+4 ,or1 ,:at is y\r "n1 my little girl8--,my "n is ,lucy4--,t's a pretty "n6 ,& :]e d y live8--,i live 9 t h\se "u ! trees4--,ah6 ,i see ! h\se4 ,& :]e is y\r room 9 t h\se8--,my room is ! "o :]e y see ! w9d[ op54--,i see x4 ,:at h y got 9 y\r room8--,i h a b$1 & a table by ! w9d[2 & ,i keep my doll !re4 ,i h got a cradle = my doll1 & a little trunk to keep h] clo!s 94 ,& ,i h got-- ,! "m may g on 9 ?is way1 & describe a great numb] & v>iety ( objects 9 ! room1 su* z are calculat$ to int]e/ & please ! little li/5]4 ,x is ! pleasurable ex]cise ( "s dawn+ faculty or faculties act+ ?r\gh embryo organs ( ! bra91 by :i* ! m9d c picture to itself1 m or less vividly1 unreal sc5es1 :i* is ! s\rce ( ! enjoym5t 9 su* cases z ?is4 ,a *ild may be /ill m int]e/$1 p]haps1 by imag9>y conv]sations ( ?is k9d ) pictures ( animals1 & by v>y+ ! =m ( !m 9 su* a way z to call a new set ( m5tal faculties into play2 z1 = example1 ,"h is a picture ( a squirrel4 ,i'll ask him :]e he lives4 ',bunny6 bunny6 /op a m9ute2 ,i want to speak to y4 ,i want y to tell me :]e y live4--,i live 9 my hole4--,:]e is y\r hole8--,x is "u t big log t y see back 9 ! woods4' ,yes 7speak+ n[ to ! *ild71 ,i see ! log4 ,d y see x8 ,t\* x ) y\r f+]4 ,yes1 t mu/ be x4 ,b ,i don't see any hole4 ',bunny' 7assum+ n[ ! tone ( speak+ aga9 to ! squirrel71 ',i don't see y\r hole4--,no1 ,i did n mean t any body %\ld see x4 ,i made x 9 a hidd5 place 9 ! gr\nd1 s z to h x out ( sight4--,i wi% ,i c\ld see x1 & ,i wi% m t ,i c\ld look d[n into x & see :at is !re4 ,:at is !re 9 y\r hole1 bunny8--,my ne/ is !re1 & my little bunnies4--,h[ _m little bunnies h y got8'--,& s on1 to any ext5t t y desire4 ,x is obvi\s t conv]sations ( ?is k9d may be made ! means ( convey+1 indirectly1 a great deal ( in/ruction to "y *ildr5 on a great v>iety ( subjects2 & lessons ( duty may be inculcat$ ?us 9 a v effective mann]1 & by a me?od :i* is at ! same "t easy & agreeable = ! "m1 & extremely attractive to ! *ild4 ,?is may seem a v simple ?+1 & x is really v simple2 b any "m :o has nev] resort$ to ?is me?od ( amus+ & in/ruct+ h] *ild w be surpris$ to f9d :at an easy & inexhau/ible res\rce = h] x may become4 ,*ildr5 are always com+ to ask = /ories1 & ! "m (t5 has no /ory at h&1 & h] m9d is too mu* preoccupi$ to inv5t "o4 ,"h is a ready resort 9 e su* em]g5cy4 ,v well1 replies ! "m to su* a reque/1 ,i'll tell y a /ory2 b ,i mu/ h a picture to my /ory4 ,f9d me a picture 9 "s book4 ,! *ild br+s a picture1 no matt] :at4 ,!re is no possible picture t w n sugge/ to a p]son possess$ ( ord9>y +5uity an endless numb] ( talks to int]e/ & amuse ! *ild4 ,to take an extreme case1 suppose ! picture is a rude p5cil draw+ ( a po/1 & no?+ besides4 ,y c imag9e a boy hidd5 beh9d ! po/1 & y c call to him1 & f9ally obta9 an answ] f him1 & h a long talk ) him ab\t 8 play & :o he is hid+ f1 & :at o!r way he has ( play+ ) 8 fri5d4 ,or y c talk ) ! po/ directly4 ,ask him :]e he came f1 :o put him 9 ! gr\nd1 & :at he 0 put 9 ! gr\nd =1 & :at k9d ( a tree he 0 :5 he 0 a "p ( a tree gr[+ 9 ! woods2 &1 foll[+ ! subject out1 ! conv]sation may be ! means ( n only amus+ ! *ild = ! mom5t1 b also ( gratify+ 8 curiosity1 & imp>t+ a great am\nt ( useful in=mation to him :i* w mat]ially aid 9 ! developm5t ( 8 p[]s4 ,or y may ask ! po/ :e!r he has any relatives1 & he may reply t he has a great _m c\s9s4 ,he has "s c\s9s t live 9 ! city1 & !y are call$ lamp-po/s1 & _! bus9ess is to hold lamps to light p along ! /reets2 & he has "s o!r c\s9s :o /& 9 a long r[ & hold up ! telegraph-wire to c>ry messages f "o "p ( ! _w to ano!r2 & s on )\t end4 ,if all ?is may done by means ( a rude repres5tation ( a simple po/1 x may easily be se5 t no picture :i* ! *ild c possibly br+ c fail to s]ve z a subject = su* conv]sations4 ,"s mo!rs may1 p]haps1 ?9k x mu/ require a great deal ( +5uity & skill to c>ry out ^! ideas effectively 9 practice1 & t is true2 or r1 x is true t !re is 9 x scope = ! ex]cise ( a great deal ( +5uity & skill1 & ev5 ( g5ius1 = ^? :o possess ^! qualities2 b ! degree ( +5uity requir$ = a comm5cem5t 9 ?is me?od is v small1 & t necess>y = complete success 9 x is v easily acquir$4 ,p]sonification ( ,inanimate ,objects4 ,x w at once occur to ! "m t any inanimate object may be p]sonifi$ 9 ?is way & address$ z a liv+ & intellig5t be+4 ,y\r *ild is sick1 ,i w suppose1 & is some:at fev]i% & fretful4 ,9 adju/+ 8 dress y prick him a little ) a p91 & ! pa9 & annoyance act+ on 8 morbid s5sibilities br+ out expressions ( irritation & ill-humor4 ,n[ y may1 if y please1 tell him t he mu/ n be s impati5t1 t y did n mean to hurt him1 t he mu/ n m9d a little prick1 & ! l1 & y w meet ) ! ord9>y success t att5ds su* admonitions4 ,or1 9 ! _s ( ! =ego+ sugge/ions1 y may say1 ,did ! p9 prick y8 ,i'll cat* ! little rogue1 & he> :at he has to say = himself4 ,ah1 "h he is--,i've caught him6 ,i'll hold him fa/4 ,lie /ill 9 my lap1 & we w he> :at he has to say4 ',look up "h1 my little prickl]1 & tell me :at y\r "n is4--,my "n is p94--,ah1 y\r "n is p91 is x8 ,h[ bright y are6 ,h[ came y to be s bright8--,oh1 !y bright5$ me :5 !y made me4--,inde$6 ,& h[ did !y make y8--,!y made me 9 a ma*9e4--,9 a ma*9e8 ,t's v curi\s6 ,h[ did !y make y 9 ! ma*9e8 ,tell u all ab\t x6--,!y made me out ( wire4 ,fir/ ! ma*9e cut (f a piece ( ! wire long en\gh to make me1 & !n ,i 0 c>ri$ ar\nd to diff]5t p>ts ( ! ma*9e to h diff]5t ?+s done to me4 ,i w5t fir/ to "o "p to get /raight5$4 ,don't y see h[ /raight ,i am8--,yes1 y are v /raight inde$4--,!n ,i w5t to ano!r "p ( ! ma*9e & _h my head put on2 & !n ,i w5t to ano!r "p & _h my po9t %>p5$2 & !n ,i 0 poli%$1 & cov]$ all ov] ) a beautiful silv]+1 to make me bright & :ite4' ,& s on indef9itely4 ,! "m may cont9ue ! talk z long z ! *ild is int]e/$1 by lett+ ! p9 give an acc\nt ( ! v>i\s adv5tures t happ5$ to x 9 ! c\rse ( its life1 & f9ally call x to acc\nt = prick+ a poor little sick *ild4 ,any "m c judge :e!r su* a mode ( treat+ ! case1 or ! m usual "o ( gravely exhort+ ! *ild to pati5ce & good-humor1 :5 sick1 is likely to be mo/ effectual 9 soo?+ ! n]v\s irritation ( ! little pati5t1 & re/or+ its m9d to a condition ( calmness & repose4 ,! "m :o reads ^! sugge/ions 9 a cursory mann]1 & cont5ts h]self ) say+ t !y are v good1 b makes no resolute & p]sev]+ ef=t to acquire = h]self ! ability to avail h]self ( !m1 w h no idea ( ! imm5se practical value ( !m z a means ( aid+ h] 9 h] "w1 & 9 promot+ ! happ9ess ( h] *ildr54 ,b if %e w make ! attempt1 %e w mo/ c]ta9ly f9d en\gh enc\ragem5t 9 h] fir/ ef=t to induce h] to p]sev]e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,imag9ative ,,faculty4 ,%e mu/1 moreov]1 n only orig9ate1 h]self1 modes ( amus+ ! imag9ation ( h] *ildr51 b mu/ fall 9 ) & aid ^? :i* !y orig9ate4 ,if y\r little daught] is play+ ) h] doll1 look up f y\r "w & say a few words to ! doll or ! *ild 9 a grave & s]i\s mann]1 assum+ t ! doll is a liv+ & s5ti5t be+4 ,if y\r boy is play+ horses 9 ! g>d5 :ile y are !re att5d+ to y\r fl[]s1 ask him ) all gravity :at he values 8 horse at1 & :e!r he wi%es to sell him4 ,ask him :e!r he ev] bites1 or breaks out ( 8 pa/ure2 & give him "s advice ab\t n driv+ him too fa/ up hill1 & n giv+ him oats :5 he is w>m4 ,he w at once ent] into su* a conv]sation 9 ! mo/ s]i\s mann]1 & ! pleasure ( 8 play w be greatly increas$ by y\r jo9+ ) him 9 ma9ta9+ ! illusion4 ,!re is a /ill m important advantage ?an ! tempor>y increase to y\r *ildr5's happ9ess by act+ on ?is pr9ciple4 ,by ?us jo9+ ) !m1 ev5 = a few mom5ts1 9 _! play1 y e/abli% a clos] bond ( sympa?y betwe5 y\r own he>t & !irs1 & atta* !m to y m /rongly ?an y c d by any o!r means4 ,inde$1 9 _m cases ! mo/ important moral lessons c be convey$ 9 connection ) ^! illusions ( *ildr51 & 9 a way n only m agreeable b f> m effective ?an by any o!r me?od4 ,influ5ce )\t ,claim to ,au?ority4 ,act+ ?r\gh ! imag9ation ( *ildr5--if ! art ( do+ s is once und]/ood--w prove at once an invaluable & an inexhau/ible res\rce = all ^? classes ( p]sons :o are plac$ 9 situations requir+ !m to ex]cise an influ5ce ov] *ildr5 )\t hav+ any prop] au?ority ov] !m2 su*1 = example1 z uncles & aunts1 old] bro!rs & si/]s1 & ev5 visitors resid+ m or less p]man5tly 9 a family1 & desir\s1 f a wi% to d good1 ( promot+ ! welf>e & ! improvem5t ( ! y\ng] memb]s ( x4 ,x (t5 happ5s t su* a visitor1 )\t any actual "r ( au?ority1 acquires a great] influ5ce ov] ! m9ds ( ! *ildr5 ?an ! p>5ts !mselves2 & _m a "m1 :o1 ) all h] ?reat5+s & scold+s1 & ev5 puni%m5ts1 c n make h]self obey$1 is surpris$ at ! absolute asc5d5cy :i* "s inmate resid+ 9 ! family acquires ov] !m by means s sil5t1 g5tle1 & unpret5d+1 t !y seem my/]i\s & almo/ magical4 ,:at is ! secret ( x8 asks ! "m sometimes 9 su* a case4 ,y nev] puni% ! *ildr51 & y nev] scold !m1 & yet !y obey y a great deal m readily & c]ta9ly ?an !y d me4 ,!re are a great _m diff]5t means :i* may be employ$ 9 comb9ation ) ea* o!r = acquir+ ?is k9d ( asc5d5cy1 & among !m ! use :i* may be made ( ! p[] ( ! imag9ation 9 ! "y is "o ( ! mo/ important4 ,! ,int]m$iation ( ! ,dolls aga94 ,a "y tea*]1 = example1 9 return+ f s*ool "s day1 f9ds ! *ildr5 ( ! family 9 :i* %e resides1 :o h be5 play+ ) _! dolls 9 ! y>d1 engag$ 9 "s angry dispute4 ,! fir/ impulse ) _m p]sons 9 su* a case might be to sit d[n ) ! *ildr5 ^u ! seat :]e !y 7 play+1 & remon/rate ) !m1 ?\gh 9 a v k9d & g5tle mann]1 on ! wrongfulness & folly ( su* disput+s1 to %[ !m t ! ?+ 9 "q is n wor? disput+ ab\t1 t angry feel+s are uncom=table & unhappy feel+s1 & t x is1 consequ5tly1 n only a s91 b a folly to indulge 9 !m4 ,n[ su* a remon/rance1 if giv5 9 a k9d & g5tle mann]1 w und\bt$ly d good4 ,! *ildr5 w be some:at less likely to become involv$ 9 su* a dispute imm$iately aft] x ?an be=e1 & 9 process ( "t1 & ?r\gh _m repetitions ( su* c\nsels1 ! fault may be gradually cur$4 ,/ill1 at ! "t1 x w make ! *ildr5 uncom=table1 by produc+ 9 _! m9ds a c]ta9 degree ( irritation4 ,!y w be v apt to li/5 9 sil5ce1 & ) a morose & sull5 air2 & if !y d n call ! admonition a scold+1 on acc\nt ( ! k9d & g5tle tones 9 :i* x is deliv]$1 !y w be v apt to consid] x mu* 9 t light4 ,suppose1 h[ev]1 t1 in/ead ( deal+ ) ! case 9 ?is matt]-(-fact & nak$ way1 ! tea*] calls ! imag9ation ( ! *ildr5 to h] aid1 & adm9i/]s h] admonition & repro( indirectly1 ?r\gh ! dolls4 ,%e takes ! dolls 9 h] h&1 asks _! names1 & inquires :i* ( ! two girls is ! "m ( ea*4 ,! dolls' names are ,bella & ,aram9ta1 & ! mo!rs' are ,lucy & ,m>y4 ,b ,i might h ask$ ,aram9ta h]self1 %e adds2 &1 s say+1 %e holds ! doll be=e h]1 & ent]s into a long imag9>y conv]sation ) h]1 m or less spirit$ & orig9al1 accord+ to ! tal5t & +5uity ( ! "y lady1 b1 9 any conceivable case1 en\gh s to completely absorb ! att5tion ( ! *ildr5 & fully to occupy _! m9ds4 ,%e asks ea* ( !m h] "n1 & inquires ( ea* :i* ( ! girls is h] "m1 & makes fir/ "o ( !m1 & !n ! o!r1 po9t to h] "m 9 giv+ h] answ]4 ,by ?is "t ! illusion is completely e/abli%$ 9 ! *ildr5's m9ds ( reg>d+ _! dolls z liv+ be+s1 responsible to mo!rs = _! conduct & behavior2 & ! "y lady c g on & give h] admonitions & in/ructions 9 respect to ! s9 & folly ( qu>rell+ to !m--! *ildr5 li/5+4 ,& x w be f\nd t by ?is managem5t ! impression ^u ! m9ds ( ! *ildr5 w be f> great] & m effective ?an if ! c\nsels 7 address$ directly to !m2 :ile1 at ! same "t1 ?\gh !y may ev5 take ! =m ( v sev]e repro(1 !y w produce no sull5ness or vexation 9 ! m9ds ( ^? = :om !y are really int5d$4 ,inde$1 ! v reason :y ! admonition ?us giv5 w be s mu* m effective is ! fact t x does n t5d 9 any degree to awak5 res5tm5t & vexation1 b associates ! lesson :i* ! tea*] wi%es to convey ) amusem5t & pleasure4 ,y are v pretty--%e says1 we w suppose1 address+ ! dolls--& y look v amiable4 ,i suppose y are v amiable4 ,!n1 turn+ to ! *ildr51 %e asks1 9 a confid5tial und]tone1 ,d !y ev] get into disputes & qu>rels8 ,sometimes1 says "o ( ! *ildr51 ent]+ at once into ! idea ( ! tea*]4 ,ah6 ! tea*] exclaims1 turn+ aga9 to ! dolls4 ,i he> t y dispute & qu>rel sometimes1 & ,i am v sorry = x4 ,t is v fooli%4 ,x is only silly little *ildr5 t we expect w dispute & qu>rel4 ,i %\ld n h suppos$ x possible 9 ! case ( su* "y ladies z y4 ,x is a great deal bett] to be yield+ & k9d4 ,if "o ( y says some?+ t ! o!r ?9ks is n true1 let x pass )\t contradiction2 x is fooli% to dispute ab\t x4 ,& s if "o has any ?+ t ! o!r wants1 x is g5]ally mu* bett] to wait = x ?an to qu>rel4 ,x is hateful to qu>rel4 ,besides1 x spoils y\r beauty4 ,:5 *ildr5 are qu>rell+ !y look l little furies4 ,! tea*] may g on 9 ?is way1 & give a long moral lecture to ! dolls 9 a tone ( mock gravity1 & ! *ildr5 w li/5 to x ) ! mo/ pr(\nd att5tion2 & x w h a f> great] influ5ce ^u !m ?an ! same admonitions address$ directly to !m4 ,s effectually1 9 fact1 w ?is elem5t ( play 9 ! transaction op5 _! he>ts to ! reception ( good c\nsel1 t ev5 direct admonitions to !m w be admitt$ ) x1 if ! same guise is ma9ta9$2 = ! tea*] may add1 9 conclusion1 address+ n[ ! *ildr5 !mselves ) ! same mock solemnity3 ,t is a v bad fault ( y\r *ildr5--v bad1 inde$4 ,& x is "o t y w f9d v h>d to correct4 ,y mu/ give !m a great deal ( good c\nsel on ! subject1 &1 above all1 y mu/ be c>eful to set !m a good example y\rselves4 ,*ildr5 always imitate :at !y see 9 _! mo!rs1 :e!r x is good or bad4 ,if y are always amiable & k9d to "o ano!r1 !y w be s too4 ,! ?\ghtful "m1 9 foll[+ out ! sugge/ions "h giv51 w see at once h[ ! int]e/ :i* ! *ildr5 take 9 _! dolls1 & ! s5se ( reality :i* !y feel 9 respect to all _! deal+s ) !m1 op5s be=e h] a b\ndless field 9 respect to modes ( rea*+ & influ5c+ _! m9ds & he>ts4 ,! ,ball itself made to tea* ,c>efulness4 ,!re is lit]ally no end to ! modes by :i* p]sons hav+ ! *>ge ( "y *ildr5 c avail !mselves ( _! vivid imag9ative p[]s 9 inculcat+ moral lessons or influ5c+ _! conduct4 ,a boy1 we w suppose1 has a new ball4 ,j z he is go+ out to play ) x 8 fa!r takes x f him to exam9e x1 &1 aft] turn+ x r\nd & look+ at x att5tively on e side1 holds x up to 8 e>4 ,! boy asks :at 8 fa!r is do+4 ,i am li/5+ to he> :at he says4 ,& :at does he say1 fa!r8 ,he says t y won't h him to play ) long4 ,:y n8 ,i w ask him1 :y n8 7hold+ ! ball aga9 to 8 e>74 ,:at does he say1 fa!r8 ,he says he is go+ to run away f y & hide4 ,he says y w g to play ne> "s build+1 & he means1 :5 y ?r[ him or knock him1 to fly aga9/ ! w9d[s & break ! glass1 & !n p w take y\r ball away f y4 ,b ,i won't play ne> any w9d[s4 ,he says1 at any rate y w play ne> "s build+1 & :5 y knock him he means to fly up to ! ro( & get beh9d a *imney1 or roll d[n into ! gutt] :]e y c't get him4 ,b1 fa!r1 ,i am n go+ to play ne> any build+ at all4 ,!n y w play 9 "s place :]e !re are holes 9 ! gr\nd1 or ?ickets ( bu%es ne>1 :]e he c hide4 ,no1 fa!r1 ,i mean to look well ov] ! gr\nd1 & n play 9 any place :]e !re is any dang] at all4 ,well1 we %all see2 b ! little rogue is det]m9$ to hide some:]e4 ,! boy takes 8 ball & goes out to play ) x1 f> m effectually caution$ ?an he c\ld h be5 by any direct admonition4 ,! ,tea*] & ! ,t\gh ,logs ,a tea*] :o 0 engag$ 9 a di/rict s*ool 9 ! c\ntry1 :]e ! arrangem5t 0 = ! old] boys to saw & split ! wood = ! fire1 on com+ "o day1 at ! recess1 to see h[ ! "w 0 go+ on1 f\nd t ! boys _h laid "o r h>d-look+ log aside4 ,!y c\ld n split t log1 !y said4 ,yes1 said ! tea*]1 look+ at ! log1 ,i don't wond]4 ,i "k t log4 ,i saw him be=e4 ,8 "n is ,old ,gn>ly4 ,he says he has no idea ( com+ op5 = a p>cel ( boys1 ev5 if !y h got beetle & w$ges4 ,x takes a man1 he says1 to split him4 ,! boys /ood look+ at ! log ) a v grave expression ( c\nt5ance z !y he>d ^! words4 ,is t :at he says8 ask$ "o ( !m4 ,let's try him aga91 ,joe4 ,x w d no good1 said ! tea*]1 = he won't come op51 if he c possibly help x4 ,& !re's ano!r fell[ 7po9t+74 ,8 "n is ,sliv]twi/4 ,if y get a crack 9 him1 y w f9d him full ( twi/$ spl9t]s t he holds himself toge!r )4 ,! only way is to cut !m ?r\gh ) a %>p axe4 ,b he holds on s tight ) !m t ,i don't believe y c get him op54 ,he says he nev] gives up to boys4 ,s say+1 ! tea*] w5t away4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to say to any "o :o kn[s boys t ! tea*] 0 call$ out n long aft]w>ds to see t ,old ,gn>ly & ,old ,sliv]twi/ 7 bo? split up f9e--! boys /&+ ar\nd ! heaps ( well-prep>$ fire-wood :i* !y _h af=d$1 & reg>d+ !m ) an air ( exultation & triumph4 ,muscles re9vigorat$ ?r\gh ! ,action ( ! ,m9d4 ,an old] si/] has be5 tak+ a walk1 ) little ,johnny1 f\r ye>s old1 z h] companion4 ,on _! return1 :5 )9 half a mile ( home1 ,johnny1 tir$ ( ga!r+ fl[]s & *as+ butt]flies1 comes to 8 si/]1 ) a fatigu$ & languid air1 & says he c n walk any f>!r1 & wants to be c>ri$4 ,i c't c>ry y v well1 %e says1 b ,i w tell y :at we w d2 we w /op at ! fir/ tav]n we come to & re/4 ,d y see t l>ge flat /one out !re at ! turn ( ! road8 ,t is ! tav]n1 & y %all be my c\ri]4 ,a c\ri] is a man t goes =w>d z fa/ z he c on 8 horse1 & tells ! tav]n-keep] t ! travell] is com+1 & ord]s supp]4 ,s y may gallop on z fa/ z y c g1 &1 :5 y get to ! tav]n1 tell ! tav]n-keep] t ! pr9cess is com+--,i am ! pr9cess--& t he mu/ get ready an excell5t supp]4 ,! boy w gallop on & wait at ! /one4 ,:5 8 si/] arrives %e may sit & re/ ) him a mom5t1 ent]ta9+ him by imag9+ conv]sations ) ! inn-keep]1 & !n resume _! walk4 ,n[1 %e may say1 ,i mu/ s5d my c\ri] to ! po/-(fice ) a lett]4 ,d y see t f5ce away =w>d8 ,t f5ce is ! po/-(fice4 ,we w play t "o ( ! cracks betwe5 ! bo>ds is ! lett]-box4 ,take ?is lett] 7h&+ him any little scrap ( pap] :i* %e has tak5 f h] pocket & fold$ to repres5t a lett]7 & put x 9 ! lett]-box1 & speak to ! po/ma/] ?r\gh ! crack1 & tell him to s5d ! lett] z soon z he c4 ,"u su* managem5t z ?is1 unless ! *ild's exhau/ion is v great1 8 s5se ( x w disappe>1 & he w accompli% ! walk n only )\t any m compla9+1 b ) a great feel+ ( pleasure4 ,! nature ( ! action 9 su* a case seems to be t ! vital =ce1 :51 9 its direct & ord9>y passage to ! muscles ?r\gh ! n]ves1 x has exhau/$ ! res\rces ( t mode ( transmission1 receives 9 "s my/]i\s way a re9=cem5t to its /r5g? 9 pass+ r\nd1 by a new *annel1 ?r\gh ! organs ( intellig5ce & imag9ation4 ,^! trivial in/ances are only giv5 z examples to %[ h[ inf9itely v>i$ are ! applications :i* may be made ( ?is pr9ciple ( appeal+ to ! imag9ation ( *ildr51 & :at a v>iety ( effects may be produc$ ?r\gh its in/rum5tality by a p>5t or tea*] :o once takes pa9s to make himself possess$ ( x4 ,b ea* "o mu/ make himself possess$ ( x by 8 own practice & exp]i5ce4 ,no g5]al in/ructions c d any ?+ m ?an to (f] ! sugge/ion1 & to %[ h[ a beg9n+ is to be made4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,tru? ,,& ,,falsehood4 ,! duty ( tell+ ! tru? seems to u1 until we h devot$ special consid]ation to ! subject1 ! mo/ simple ?+ 9 ! _w1 bo? to und]/& & to p]=m2 & :5 we f9d "y *ildr5 disreg>d+ x we are surpris$ & %ock$1 & (t5 imag9e t x indicates some?+ peculi> & abnormal 9 ! moral s5se ( ! (f5d]4 ,a little reflection1 h[ev]1 w %[ u h[ v diff]5t ! /ate ( ! case really is4 ,:at d we mean by ! obligation re/+ ^u u to tell ! tru?8 ,x is simply1 9 g5]al t]ms1 t x is our duty to make our /atem5ts correspond ) ! realities :i* !y purport to express4 ,?is is1 no d\bt1 our duty1 z a g5]al rule1 b !re are s _m exceptions to ?is rule1 & ! pr9ciples on :i* ! admissibility ( ! exceptions dep5d are s complicat$ & s ab/ruse1 t x is wond]ful t *ildr5 le>n to make ! necess>y di/9ctions z soon z !y d4 ,natural ,guidance to ! ,duty ( tell+ ! ,tru?4 ,! *ild1 :5 he fir/ acquires ! art ( us+ & und]/&+ language1 is fill$ ) wond] & pleasure to f9d t he c repres5t ext]nal objects t he obs]ves1 & also ideas pass+ ?r\gh 8 m9d1 by means ( s\nds =m$ by 8 organs ( spee*4 ,su* s\nds1 he f9ds1 h bo? ^! p[]s--t is1 !y c repres5t realities or fancies4 ,?us1 :5 he utt]s ! s\nds ,i see a bird1 !y may d5ote ei!r a m]e conception 9 8 m9d1 or an outw>d actuality4 ,h[ is he possibly to "k1 by any in/9ct1 or intuition1 or moral s5se :5 x is "r = him to use !m z repres5tations ( a m]e idea1 & :5 x is wrong = him to use !m1 unless !y correspond ) "s actual reality8 ,! fact t vivid images or conceptions may be awak5$ 9 8 m9d by ! m]e he>+ ( c]ta9 s\nds made by himself or ano!r is some?+ /range & wond]ful to him2 & ?\gh he comes to 8 consci\sness ( ?is susceptibility by degrees1 x is /ill1 :ile he is acquir+ x1 & ext5d+ ! scope & range ( x1 a s\rce ( cont9ual pleasure to him4 ,! necessity ( any correspond5ce ( ^! words1 & ( ! images :i* !y excite1 ) actual realities1 is a necessity :i* arises f ! relations ( man to man 9 ! social /ate1 & he has no means :atev] ( kn[+ any ?+ ab\t x except by in/ruction4 ,!re is n only no gr\nd = expect+ t *ildr5 %\ld p]ceive any su* necessity ei!r by any k9d ( in/9ct1 or intuition1 or embryo moral s5se1 or by any reason+ process ( :i* 8 incipi5t p[]s are capable2 b ev5 if he %\ld by ei!r ( ^! means be incl9$ to ent]ta9 su* an idea1 8 m9d w\ld soon be utt]ly confus$ 9 reg>d to x by :at he obs]ves con/antly tak+ place ar\nd him 9 respect to ! use ( language by o!rs ^: conduct1 mu* m ?an _! precepts1 he is accu/om$ to foll[ z 8 guide4 ,a v nice ,di/9ction4 ,a "m1 = example1 takes h] little son1 f\r or five ye>s old1 into h] lap to amuse him ) a /ory4 ,%e beg9s3 ,:5 ,i 0 a little boy ,i liv$ by myself4 ,all ! bread & *eese ,i got ,i laid ^u ! %elf1 & s on to ! end4 ,! "m's object is accompli%$4 ,! boy is amus$4 ,he is greatly int]e/$ & pleas$ by ! wond]ful ph5om5on tak+ place )9 him ( curi\s images awak5$ 9 8 m9d by means ( s\nds ent]+ 8 e>--images ( a little boy liv+ alone1 ( 8 rea*+ up to put bread & *eese ^u a %elf1 & f9ally ( 8 attempt+ to :eel a little wife home--! /ory end+ ) ! break+ & d[nfall ( ! :eelb>r[1 wife & all4 ,he does n reflect philosophically ^u ! subject1 b ! pr9cipal elem5t ( ! pleasure af=d$ him is ! wond]ful ph5om5on ( ! =mation ( su* vivid & /range images 9 8 m9d by means ( ! m]e s\nd ( 8 "m's voice4 ,he kn[s at once1 if any half-=m$ reflections arise 9 8 m9d at all1 t :at 8 "m has told him is n true--t is1 t ! words & images :i* !y awak5 9 8 m9d _h no actual realities correspond+ ) !m4 ,he kn[s1 9 ! fir/ place1 t 8 "m nev] 0 a boy1 & does n suppose t %e ev] liv$ by h]self1 & laid up h] bread & *eese ^u a %elf4 ,! :ole /ory1 he und]/&s1 if he ex]cises any ?\ght ab\t x :atev]--:eelb>r[ cata/rophe & all--consi/s only ( words :i* 8 "m speaks to him to give him pleasure4 ,by-&-by 8 "m gives him a piece ( cake1 & he goes out into ! g>d5 to play4 ,8 si/] is !re & asks him to give h] a piece ( 8 cake4 ,he hesitates4 ,he ?9ks ( ! reque/ long en\gh to =m a di/9ct image 9 8 m9d ( giv+ h] half ( x1 b f9ally concludes n to d s1 & eats x all himself4 ,:5 at l5g? he comes 91 8 "m accid5tally asks him "s "q ab\t ! cake1 & he says he gave half ( x to 8 si/]4 ,8 "m seems mu* pleas$4 ,he knew t %e w\ld be pleas$4 ,he said x1 9 fact1 on purpose to please h]4 ,! words repres5t$ no actual reality1 b only a ?\ght pass+ ?r\gh 8 m9d1 & he spoke1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 = ! purpose ( giv+ 8 "m pleasure4 ,! case corresponds 9 all ^! p>ticul>s ) t ( 8 "m's /atem5t 9 respect to h] be+ once a little boy & liv+ by h]self4 ,^? words 7 spok5 by h] to give him pleasure1 & he said :at he did to give h] pleasure4 ,to give h] pleasure6 ! read] w p]haps say1 ) "s surprise1 ?9k+ t to assign su* a motive z t is n1 by any means1 putt+ a fair & prop] con/ruction ^u ! boy's act4 ,8 design 01 x w be said1 to %ield himself f c5sure1 or to procure undes]v$ praise4 ,& x is1 no d\bt1 true t1 on a nice analysis ( ! motives ( ! act1 su* z we1 9 our maturity1 c easily make1 we %all f9d t design obscurely m+l$ ) !m4 ,b ! *ild does n analyze4 ,he c n4 ,he does n look =w>d to ultimate ends1 or look = ! hidd5 spr+s t lie conceal$ among ! complicat$ comb9ations ( impulses :i* animate him4 ,9 ! case t we are suppos+1 all t we c reasonably believe to be pres5t to 8 m9d is a k9d ( in/9ctive feel+ t = him to say t he ate ! cake all himself w\ld br+ a fr[n1 or at lea/ a look ( pa9 & di/ress1 to 8 "m's face1 & p]haps words ( displeasure = him2 :ile1 if he says t he gave half to 8 si/]1 %e w look pleas$ & happy4 ,?is is z f> z he sees4 ,& he may be ( su* an age1 & 8 m5tal organs may be 9 s embryonic a condition1 t x is z f> z he ought to be expect$ to look2 s t1 z ! case pres5ts itself to 8 m9d 9 respect to ! impulse :i* at ! mom5t prompts him to act1 he said :at he did f a desire to give 8 "m pleasure1 & n pa94 ,z to ! secret motive1 :i* might h be5 8 ultimate end1 t lay too deeply conceal$ = him to be consci\s ( x4 ,& we ourselves too (t5 act f ! influ5ce ( hidd5 impulses ( selfi%ness1 ! exi/5ce ( :i* we are :olly unconsci\s (1 to judge him too h>%ly = 8 bl9dness4 ,at l5g?1 by-&-by1 :5 8 si/] conies 91 & ! untru? is discov]$1 ! boy is a/oni%$ & bewild]$ by be+ call$ to acc\nt 9 a v solemn mann] by 8 "m on acc\nt ( ! awful wick$ness ( hav+ told a lie6 ,h[ ! ,*ild sees x4 ,n[ ,i am v ready to admit t1 not)/&+ ! app>5t resemblance betwe5 ^! two cases1 ?is resemblance is only app>5t & sup]ficial2 b ! "q is1 :e!r x is n suffici5t to cause su* a *ild to conf\nd !m1 & to be excusable1 until he has be5 enlight5$ by appropriate in/ruction1 = n cle>ly di/+ui%+ ! cases :]e words mu/ be held /rictly to con=m to actual realities1 f ^? :]e x is p]fectly "r & prop] t !y %\ld only repres5t images or conceptions ( ! m9d4 ,a fa!r1 play+ ) 8 *ildr51 says1 ,n[ ,i am a be>1 & am go+ to gr[l4 ,s he gr[ls4 ,!n he says1 ,n[ ,i am a dog1 & am go+ to b>k4 ,he is n a be>1 & he is n a dog1 & ! *ildr5 "k x4 ,8 words1 !re=e1 ev5 to ! appreh5sion ( ! *ildr51 express an untru?1 9 ! s5se t !y d n correspond ) any actual reality4 ,x is n a wrongful untru?4 ,! *ildr5 und]/& p]fectly well t 9 su* a case z ?is x is n 9 any s5se wrong to say :at is n true4 ,b h[ are !y to "k :at k9d ( untru?s are "r1 & :at k9d are wrong1 until !y are taught :at ! di/9ction is & ^u :at x dep5ds4 ,un=tunately _m p>5ts confuse ! ideas1 or r ! moral s5se ( _! *ildr51 9 a mu* m vital mann] by untru?s ( a diff]5t k9d f ?is--z1 = example1 :5 a "m1 9 ! pres5ce ( h] *ildr51 expresses a feel+ ( vexation & annoyance at see+ a c]ta9 visitor com+ to make a call1 & !n1 :5 ! visitor ent]s ! room1 receives h] ) pret5d$ pleasure1 & says1 out ( polit5ess1 t %e is v glad to see h]4 ,sometimes a fa!r w jo9 ) 8 *ildr51 :5 peculi> circum/ances seem1 z he ?9ks1 to require x1 9 conceal+ some?+ f _! "m1 or deceiv+ h] 9 reg>d to x by misrepres5tations or positive untru?s4 ,sometimes ev5 ! "m w d ?is 9 ref]5ce to ! fa!r4 ,( c\rse su* managem5t z ?is mu/ necess>ily h ! effect ( br++ up ! *ildr5 to ! idea t deceiv+ by untru?s is a ju/ifiable resort 9 c]ta9 cases--a doctr9e :i*1 ?\gh ent]ta9$ by _m well-mean+ p]sons1 /rikes a fatal bl[ at all confid5ce 9 ! v]acity ( m52 = :5ev] we "k ( any p]sons t !y ent]ta9 ?is idea1 x is nev] aft]w>ds safe to tru/ 9 :at !y say1 s9ce we nev] c "k t ! case 9 h& is n1 = "s reason unkn[n to u1 "o ( ^? :i* ju/ify a resort to falsehood4 ,b to return to ! case ( ! *ildr5 t are "u ! tra9+ ( p>5ts :o w n !mselves1 "u any circum/ances1 falsify _! ^w--t is1 w nev] utt] words t d n repres5t actual reality 9 any ( ! wrongful ways4 ,su* *ildr5 c n be expect$ to "k ( !mselves1 or to le>n )\t in/ruction1 :at ! wrongful ways are1 & !y nev] d le>n until !y h made _m failures4 ,_m1 x is true1 le>n :5 !y are v "y4 ,_m ev9ce a rem>kable t5d]ness ( consci5ce 9 respect to ?is z well z to all _! o!r duties1 s fa/ z !y are taught !m4 ,& "s become s fai?ful & scrupul\s 9 respect to tru?1 at s e>ly an age1 t _! p>5ts q =get ! progressive /eps by :i* !y advanc$ at ! beg9n+4 ,we f9d _m a "m :o w say ( h] boy t he nev] told an untru?1 b we d n f9d any man :o w say ( himself1 t :5 he 0 a boy he nev] told "o4 ,imag9+s & ,rememb]+s easily mi/ak5 = ea* o!r4 ,b besides ! complicat$ "* ( ! g5]al subject1 z x pres5ts itself to ! m9ds ( *ildr5--t is1 ! intricacy to !m ( ! "q :5 !re mu/ be a /rict correspond5ce betwe5 ! words spok5 & an actual reality1 & :5 !y may rightly repres5t m]e images or fancies ( ! m9d--!re is ano!r great difficulty 9 _! way1 "o t is v little consid]$ & (t51 inde$1 n at all und]/ood by p>5ts--& t is1 t 9 ! e>lie/ ye>s ! di/9ction betwe5 realities & m]e fancies ( ! m9d is v indi/9ctly drawn4 ,ev5 9 our m9ds ! two ?+s are (t5 conf\nd$4 ,we (t5 h to pause & ?9k 9 ord] to decide :e!r a m5tal p]ception ( :i* we are consci\s is a remembrance ( a reality1 or a revival ( "s image =m$ at "s previ\s "t1 p]haps remote1 by a vivid description :i* we h read or he>d1 or ev5 by our own fancy4 ,is t really s1 or did ,i dream x8 ,h[ (t5 is su* a "q he>d4 ,& p]sons h be5 kn[n to c]tify hone/ly1 9 c\rts ( ju/ice1 to facts :i* !y ?9k !y p]sonally witness$1 b :i* 7 really pictur$ 9 _! m9ds 9 o!r ways4 ,! picture 0 s di/9ct & vivid t !y lo/1 9 "t1 ! p[] ( di/+ui%+ x f o!r &1 p]haps1 simil> pictures :i* _h be5 made by _! witness+ ! correspond+ realities4 ,inde$1 in/ead ( be+ surpris$ t ^! diff]5t orig9s ( pres5t m5tal images are sometimes conf\nd$1 x is actually wond]ful t !y c g5]ally be s cle>ly di/+ui%$2 & we c n expla91 ev5 to ourselves1 :at ! diff]5ce is by :i* we d di/+ui% !m4 ,= example1 we c call up to our m9ds ! picture ( a h\se burn+ & a fireman go+ up by a ladd] to rescue "s p]son appe>+ at ! w9d[4 ,n[ ! image1 9 su* a case1 may h _h sev]al diff]5t modes ( orig94 #a4 ,we may h actually witness$ su* a sc5e ! ev5+ be=e4 #b4 ,"s "o may h giv5 u a vivid description ( x4 #c4 ,we may h fanci$ x 9 writ+ a tale1 & #d4 ,we may h dream$ x4 ,"h are f\r diff]5t prototypes ( a picture :i* is n[ r5ew$1 & !re is some?+ 9 ! pres5t copy :i* enables u1 9 mo/ cases1 to det]m9e at once :at ! real prototype 04 ,t is1 !re is some?+ 9 ! picture :i* n[ arises 9 our m9d z a r5ewal or repetition ( ! picture made ! day be=e1 :i* makes u imm$iately cognizant ( ! cause ( ! orig9al picture--t is1 :e!r x came f a reality t we witness$1 or f a v]bal or writt5 description by ano!r p]son1 or :e!r x 0 a fanciful creation ( our own m9d :ile awake1 or a dream4 ,& x is extremely difficult = u to discov] precisely :at x is1 9 ! pres5t m5tal picture1 :i* gives u ?is in=mation 9 respect to ! orig9 ( its prototype4 ,x is v easy to say1 ,oh1 we rememb]4 ,b rememb] is only a ^w4 ,we c only mean by x1 9 su* a case z ?is1 t !re is "s lat5t diff]5ce betwe5 ! sev]al images made ^u our m9ds to-day ( ?+s se51 he>d (1 fanci$1 or dream$ ye/]day1 by :i* we di/+ui% ea* f all ! o!rs4 ,b ! mo/ acute metaphysicians--m5 :o are accu/om$ to ! close/ scrut9y ( ! movem5ts & ! mode ( action ( _! m9ds--f9d x v difficult to discov] :at ?is diff]5ce is4 ,! ,result 9 ! ,case ( ,*ildr54 ,n[1 9 ! case ( "y *ildr51 ! faculties ( p]ception & consci\sness & ! p[] ( recogniz+ ! di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ics ( ! diff]5t p]ceptions & s5sations ( _! m9ds are all immature1 & di/9ctions :i* ev5 to mature m9ds are n s cle> b t !y are (t5 conf\nd$1 = !m =m a bewild]+ maze4 ,_! m9ds are occupi$ ) a m+l$ & bl5d$ ?\gh beautiful comb9ation ( s5sations1 conceptions1 fancies1 & remembrances1 :i* !y d n attempt to sep>ate f ea* o!r1 & _! vocal organs are animat$ by a con/ant impulse to ex]cise !mselves ) any utt]ances :i* ! incessant & playful gamboll+s ( _! faculties frame4 ,9 o!r words1 ! vital =ce lib]at$ by ! dige/ion ( ! food seeks an issue n[ 9 ?is way & n[ 9 t1 ?r\gh e v>iety ( m5tal & bodily action4 ,( c\rse1 to arrange & sy/ematize ^! actions1 to e/abli% ! true relations betwe5 all ^! v>i\s faculties & p[]s1 & to regulate ! obligations & duties by :i* ! ex]cise ( !m %\ld be limit$ & controll$1 is a "w ( "t1 & is to be effect$1 n by ! op]ation ( any in/9ct or e>ly intuition1 b by a c\rse ( developm5t--effect$ ma9ly by ! progress ( gr[? & exp]i5ce1 ?\gh x is to be aid$ & guid$ by assidu\s b g5tle tra9+ & in/ruction4 ,if ^! views are correct1 we c safely draw f !m ! foll[+ conclusions4 ,practical ,conclusions4 #a4 ,we mu/ n expect f *ildr5 t !y w f ! beg9n+ und]/& & feel ! obligation to speak ! tru?1 any m ?an we look = a recognition1 on _! "p1 ( ! v>i\s o!r pr9ciples ( duty :i* arise f ! relations ( man to man 9 ! social /ate4 ,we d n expect t two babies creep+ ^u ! floor t[>ds ! same play?+ %\ld ea* feel in/9ctively impell$ to grant ! o!r ! use ( x half ( ! "t4 ,*ildr5 mu/ be taught to tell ! tru?1 j z !y mu/ be taught ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice & equal rights4 ,!y g5]ally get taught by exp]i5ce--t is1 by ! r\gh treatm5t & h>d knocks :i* !y br+ ^u !mselves by _! violation ( ^! pr9ciples4 ,b ! fai?ful p>5t c aid !m 9 acquir+ ! necess>y k 9 a f> easi] & m agreeable mann] by appropriate in/ruction4 #b4 ,! "m mu/ n be di/ress$ or too mu* tr\bl$ :5 %e f9ds t h] *ildr51 :ile v "y are prone to fall into deviations f ! tru?1 b only to be made to feel m impress$ ) ! necessity ( r5ew+ h] own ef=ts to tea* !m ! duty1 & to tra9 !m to ! p]=mance ( x4 #c4 ,%e mu/ n be too /]n or sev]e 9 puni%+ ! deviations f tru? 9 v "y *ildr51 or 9 express+ ! displeasure :i* !y awak5 9 h] m9d4 ,x is in/ruction1 n expressions ( ang] or v9dictive puni%m5t1 t is requir$ 9 mo/ cases4 ,expla9 to !m ! evils t w\ld result if we c\ld n believe :at p say1 & tell !m /ories ( tru?-lov+ *ildr5 on ! "o h&1 & ( false & deceitful *ildr5 on ! o!r4 ,&1 above all1 notice1 ) indications ( approval & pleasure1 :5 ! *ild speaks ! tru? "u circum/ances :i* might h tempt$ him to deviate f x4 ,"o in/ance ( ?is k9d1 9 :i* y %[ t y obs]ve & are pleas$ by 8 tru?fulness1 w d m to awak5 9 8 he>t a g5u9e love = ! tru? ?an t5 reprovals1 or ev5 puni%m5ts1 incurr$ by ! violation ( x4 ,& 9 ! same _s we mu/ make use ( ! religi\s consid]ations :i* are appropriate to ?is subject--t is1 we mu/ enc\rage ! *ild ) ! approval ( 8 heav5ly ,fa!r1 :5 he resi/s ! temptation to deviate f ! tru?1 in/ead ( fright5+ him1 :5 he falls1 by t]rible d5unciations ( ! ang] ( ,god aga9/ li>s2 d5unciations :i*1 h[ev] well-des]v$ 9 ! cases to :i* !y are int5d$ to apply1 are n design$ = *ildr5 9 ^: m9ds ! necess>y discrim9ations1 z po9t$ out 9 ?is *apt]1 are yet sc>cely =m$4 ,dang] ( conf\nd+ ,deceitfulness & ,falsehood4 #d4 ,d n conf\nd ! crim9ality ( deceitfulness by acts ) falsehood by words1 by tell+ ! *ild1 :5 he resorts to any artifice or deception 9 ord] to ga9 8 ends1 t x is z bad to deceive z to lie4 ,x is n z bad1 by any means4 ,!re is a m>k$ l9e ( di/9ction to be drawn betwe5 falsify+ "o's ^w & all o!r =ms ( deception1 = !re is su* a sacr$ness 9 ! spok5 ^w1 t ! violation ( x is 9 g5]al f> m repreh5sible ?an ! attempt to accompli% ! same end by m]e action4 ,if a man has lo/ a leg1 x may be p]fectly "r = him to we> a wood5 "o :i* is s p]fectly made z to deceive p--& ev5 to we> x1 too1 ) ! int5t to deceive p by lead+ !m to suppose t bo? 8 legs are g5u9e--:ile x w\ld be wrong2 = him to ass]t 9 words t ?is limb 0 n an artificial "o4 ,x is "r to put a *alk egg 9 a h5's ne/ to deceive ! h51 :51 if ! h5 c\ld und]/& language1 & if we 7 to suppose h5s to h any rights t we are b\nd to respect1 x w\ld be wrong to tell h] t x 0 a real egg4 ,x w\ld be "r = a p]son1 :5 8 h\se 0 ent]$ by a robb] at night1 to po9t an empty gun at ! robb] to fright5 him away by lead+ him to ?9k t ! gun 0 load$2 b x w\ld be wrong1 z ,i ?9k--?\gh ,i am aw>e t _m p]sons w\ld ?9k diff]5tly--= him to say 9 words t ! gun 0 load$1 & t he w\ld fire unless ! robb] w5t away4 ,^! cases %[ t !re is a great diff]5ce betwe5 deceiv+ by false appe>ances1 :i* is sometimes "r1 & do+ x by false /atem5ts1 :i*1 z ,i ?9k1 is always wrong4 ,!re is a special & inviolable sacr$ness1 :i* e lov] ( ! tru? %\ld atta* to 8 spok5 ^w4 #e4 ,we mu/ n all[ ! l5i5cy ) :i*1 accord+ to ! views "h pres5t$1 we are to reg>d ! violations ( tru? by "y p]sons1 :ile _! m5tal faculties & _! p[]s ( discrim9ation are yet imp]fectly develop$1 to lead u to l[] ! /&>d ( "r 9 _! m9ds1 s z to all[ !m to imbibe ! idea t we ?9k t falsehood is1 aft] all1 no great s91 & /ill less1 to suppose t we consid] x sometimes1 9 extreme cases1 all[able4 ,we may1 inde$1 say1 ,! tru? is n to be spok5 at all times1 b to make ! aphorism complete we mu/ add1 t falsehood is to be spok5 nev]4 ,!re is no o!r possible gr\nd = absolute confid5ce 9 ! ^w ( any man except ! conviction t 8 pr9ciple is1 t x is nev]1 "u any circum/ances1 or to accompli% any purpose :atev]1 "r = him to falsify x4 ,a diff]5t op9ion1 ,i am aw>e1 prevails v ext5sively among mank9d1 & especially among ! cont95tal nations ( ,europe1 :]e x seems to be v g5]ally believ$ t 9 ^? cases 9 :i* falsehood w on ! :ole be conducive ( great] good ?an ! tru? x is all[able to employ x4 ,b x is easy to see t1 s f> z we "k t ^? ar\nd u hold to ?is philosophy1 all reasonable gr\nd = confid5ce 9 _! /atem5ts is tak5 away2 = we nev] c "k1 9 respect to any /atem5t :i* !y make1 t ! case is n "o ( ^? 9 :i*1 = reasons n manife/ to u1 !y ?9k x is exp$i5t--t is1 conducive 9 "s way to good--to /ate :at is n true4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 we mu/ all[ *ildr5 a reasonable "t to br+ _! m9ds to a full s5se ( ! obligation ( mak+ _! words always con=m to :at is true1 in/ead ( %ap+ !m s z be/ to atta9 _! purposes = ! "t be+--:i* is ! c\rse to :i* _! e>lie/ natural in/9cts prompt !m--& mu/ deal g5tly & l5i5tly ) _! incipi5t failures1 we mu/ d all 9 our p[] to br+ !m =w>d z fa/ z possible to ! adoption ( ! v highe/ /&>d z _! rule ( duty 9 ?is respect2 inculcat+ x ^u !m1 by example z well z by precept1 t we c n innoc5tly1 "u any circum/ances1 to escape any evil1 or to ga9 any end1 falsify our ^w4 ,= !re is no evil s great1 & no end to be atta9$ s valuable1 z to ju/ify ! adoption ( a pr9ciple :i* de/roys all f\ndation = confid5ce betwe5 man & man4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,judgm5t ,,& ,,reason+4 ,x is a v unreasonable ?+ = p>5ts to expect "y *ildr5 to be reasonable4 ,be+ reasonable 9 "o's conduct or wi%es implies ! tak+ into acc\nt ( ^? be>+s & relations ( an act :i* are m remote & less obvi\s1 9 contradi/9ction f be+ gov]n$ exclusively by ^? :i* are imm$iate & ne>4 ,n[1 x is n reasonable to expect *ildr5 to be influ5c$ by ^! remote consid]ations1 simply because 9 !m ! faculties by :i* !y are br\ght =w>d into ! m9d & inve/$ ) ! attributes ( reality are n yet develop$4 ,^! faculties are all 9 a nasc5t or =mative /ate1 & x is z idle to expect !m1 :ile ?us immature1 to fulfill _! functions = any practical purpose1 z x w\ld be to expect a baby to exp5d ! /r5g? ( its little arms 9 p]=m+ any useful labor4 ,progress ( ,m5tal ,developm5t4 ,! "m sometimes1 :5 %e looks ^u h] infant ly+ 9 h] arms1 & obs]ves ! int5tness ) :i* he seems to gaze ^u objects 9 ! room--^u ! bright light ( ! w9d[ or ( ! lamp1 or ^u ! pictures on ! wall--wond]s :at he is ?9k+ (4 ,! tru? probably is t he is n ?9k+ at all2 he is simply see+--t is to say1 ! light f ext]nal objects is ent]+ 8 eyes & produc+ images ^u 8 s5sorium1 & t is all4 ,he sees only4 ,!re might h be5 a simil> image ( ! light 9 8 m9d ! day be=e1 b ! reproduction ( ! =m] image :i* con/itutes memory does n probably take place at all 9 8 case if he is v "y1 s t !re is n pres5t to 8 m9d1 9 connection ) ! pres5t image1 any reproduction ( ! =m] "o4 ,/ill less does he make any m5tal comp>ison betwe5 ! two4 ,! "m1 z %e sees ! light ( to-day1 may rememb] ! "o ( ye/]day1 & m5tally comp>e ! two2 may h _m ?\ghts awak5$ 9 h] m9d by ! s5sation & ! recollection--su* z1 ?is is f a new k9d ( oil1 & gives a bright] light ?an ! o!r2 t %e w use ?is k9d ( oil 9 all h] lamps1 & w recomm5d x to h] fri5ds1 & s on indef9itely4 ,b ! *ild has none ( ^! ?\ghts & c h none2 = nei!r h ! faculties be5 develop$ )9 him by :i* !y are conceiv$1 nor has he _h ! exp]i5ce ( ! previ\s s5sations to =m ! mat]ials = fram+ !m4 ,he is consci\s ( ! pres5t s5sations1 & t is all4 ,z he advances1 h[ev]1 9 8 exp]i5ce ( s5sations1 & z 8 m5tal p[]s gradually beg9 to be unfold$1 :at may be call$ ?\ghts arise1 consi/+ at fir/1 probably1 ( recollections ( pa/ s5sations ent]+ into 8 consci\sness 9 connection ) ! pres5t ones4 ,^! comb9ations1 & ! m5tal acts ( v>i\s k9ds :i* are excit$ by !m1 multiply z he advances t[>ds maturity2 b ! images produc$ by pres5t realities are inf9itely m vivid & h a v mu* great] p[] ov] him ?an ^? :i* memory br+s up f ! pa/1 or t 8 fancy c anticipate 9 ! future4 ,?is /ate ( ?+s1 ?\gh !re is1 ( c\rse1 a gradual advancem5t 9 ! relative influ5ce ( :at ! m9d c conceive1 z comp>$ ) t :i* ! s5ses make real1 cont9ues sub/antially ! same ?r\gh all ! p]iod ( *ildhood & y\?4 ,9 o!r words1 ! organs ( s5se & ( ^? m5tal faculties :i* are directly occupi$ ) ! s5sations1 are ! e>lie/ to be develop$1 z we might naturally suppose w\ld be ! case2 &1 by consequ5ce1 ! s5sible prop]ties ( objects & ! direct & imm$iate effects ( any action1 are ^? :i* h a controll+ influ5ce ov] ! volitions ( ! m9d dur+ all ! e>li] p]iods ( its developm5t4 ,! reason1 on ! o!r h&1 :i*1 z appli$ to ! practical affairs ( life1 has = its function ! br++ 9 ( ! m remote be>+s & relations ( a fact1 or ! indirect & less obvi\s results ( an action1 is v sl[ly develop$4 ,x is precisely on ?is acc\nt t ! p]iod ( immaturity 9 ! human species is s long protract$ 9 comp>ison ) t ( ! inf]ior animals4 ,! lives ( ^! animals are regulat$ by ! cognizance simply ( ! s5sible prop]ties ( objects1 & by ! imm$iate results ( _! acts1 & !y accord+ly become mature z soon z _! s5ses & _! bodily organs are br\ght completely into action4 ,b man1 :o is to be gov]n$ by 8 reason--t is1 by mu* m f>-rea*+ & compreh5sive views ( :at conc]ns him--requires a mu* long] p]iod to fit him = indep5d5t action1 s9ce he mu/ wait = ! developm5t ( ^? high] faculties :i* are necess>y = ! atta9m5t ( ^! ext5d$ views2 & dur+ ?is p]iod he mu/ dep5d ^u ! reason ( 8 p>5ts in/ead ( be+ gov]n$ by 8 own4 ,practical ,effect ( ^! ,tru?s4 ,! true c\rse1 !n1 = p>5ts to pursue is n to expect too mu* f ! ability ( _! *ildr5 to see :at is "r & prop] = !m1 b to decide all important que/ions !mselves1 us+ _! own exp]i5ce & _! own p[] ( =esight z _! guide4 ,!y are1 inde$1 to cultivate & tra9 ! reason+ & reflective p[]s ( _! *ildr51 b are n to expect !m 9 e>ly life to be suffici5tly develop$ & /r5g!n$ to be> any heavy /ra91 or to ju/ify ! plac+ ( any s]i\s reliance ^u !m4 ,!y mu/1 9 a ^w1 treat ! reason & ! judgm5t ( _! *ildr5 z ! f>m] treats ! /r5g? ( 8 colt1 :i* he ex]cises &1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 employs1 b nev] puts ^u x any s]i\s burd54 ,x results f ?is view ( ! case t x is n wise = a p>5t to resort to argu+ or reason+ ) a *ild1 z a sub/itute = au?ority1 or ev5 z an aid to make up = a defici5cy ( au?ority1 9 reg>d to :at x is necess>y t ! *ild %\ld d4 ,no d\bt x is a good plan sometimes to let ! *ild decide = himself1 b :5 y pret5d to all[ him to decide let him d x really4 ,:5 y g out ) him to take a walk1 if x is s ne>ly immat]ial :i* way y g t y are will+ t he %\ld det]m9e ! "q1 !n lay ! case be=e him1 giv+ him ! advantages & disadvantages ( ! diff]5t ways1 & let him decide2 & !n act accord+ to 8 decision4 ,b if y h det]m9$ 9 y\r own m9d :i* way to g1 simply ann\nce y\r det]m9ation2 & if y give reasons at all1 d n give !m 9 su* a way z to convey ! idea to 8 m9d t 8 obligation to submit is to re/ p>tly on 8 see+ ! =ce ( !m4 ,= e p>5t w f9d t ?is pr9ciple is a s\nd "o & "o ( fundam5tal importance 9 ! successful managem5t ( *ildr5--namely1 t x is mu* easi] = a *ild to d :at he does n l to d z an act ( simple submission to sup]ior au?ority1 ?an = him to br+ himself to an accordance ) ! decision by he>+ & consid]+ ! reasons4 ,9 o!r words1 x is mu* easi] = him to obey y\r decision ?an to br+ himself to ! same decision aga9/ 8 own w4 ,9 s]i\s ,cases no ,reliance to be plac$ on ! ,reason ( ! ,*ild4 ,9 all ^? cases1 !re=e1 9 :i* ! p>5t c n safely all[ ! *ildr5 really to decide1 su* z ! "q ( go+ to s*ool1 go+ to *ur*1 tak+ m$ic9e1 rema9+ indoors on acc\nt ( indisposition or ( ! wea!r1 mak+ visits1 *oice ( playmates & companions1 & a great _m o!rs :i* x w\ld n be safe actually to all[ !m to decide1 x is true k9dness to !m to sp>e _! m9ds ! pa9ful p]plexity ( a conflict4 ,decide = !m4 ,d n say1 ,oh1 ,i w\ld n d ?is or t--:atev] x may be--because--& !n g on to assign reasons ?\ght ( p]haps at ! mom5t to meet ! em]g5cy1 & inde$ g5]ally false2 b1 ,yes1 ,i don't wond] t y w\ld l to d x4 ,i %\ld l x if ,i 7 y4 ,b x c n be done4 ,:5 !re is m$ic9e to be tak51 d n put ! *ild 9 mis]y = half an h\r :ile y resort to all sorts ( argum5ts1 & p]haps artifices1 to br+ him to a will+ness to take x2 b simply pres5t x to him1 say+1 ,x is some?+ v disagreeable1 ,i "k1 b x mu/ be tak52 & if x is refus$1 all[ ( no delay1 b at once1 ?\gh )\t any appe>ance ( displeasure1 & 9 ! g5tle/-mann] possible1 =ce x d[n4 ,!n1 aft] ! excitem5t ( ! affair has pass$ away1 & y h y\r little pati5t 9 y\r lap1 & he is 9 good-humor--?is is all1 ( c\rse1 on ! supposition t he is n v sick--say to him1 ,y w\ld n take y\r m$ic9e a little :ile ago1 & we _h to =ce x d[n3 ,i hope x did n hurt y mu*4 ,! *ild w probably make "s fretful answ]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,horse4 ,x is n surpris+ t y did n l to take x4 ,all *ildr51 :ile !y are too "y to be reasonable1 & all animals1 su* z horses & c[s1 :5 !y are sick1 are v unwill+ to take _! m$ic9e1 & we (t5 h to =ce x d[n4 ,y w1 p]haps1 refuse to take y\rs a good _m times yet be=e y are old en\gh to see t x is a great deal easi] to take x will+ly ?an x is to h x =c$ d[n4 ,& !n g on & tell him "s amus+ /ory ( ! difficulty "s p _h 9 =c+ m$ic9e d[n ! ?roat ( a sick horse1 :o did n "k en\gh to take x l a man4 ,! idea is--= ?is case is only meant z an illu/ration ( a g5]al pr9ciple--t ! com=t & enjoym5t ( *ildr51 z well z ! easy & successful work+ ( p>5tal gov]nm5t1 is greatly promot$ by decid+ = ! *ildr5 at once1 & plac+ _! action on ! simple gr\nd ( ob$i5ce to au?ority 9 all ^? cases :]e ! decision c n really & hone/ly be left to ! *ildr5 !mselves4 ,to li/5 reluctantly to ! p]si/5t argum5ts ( *ildr5 9 favor ( _! be+ all[$ to d :at we are sure t we %all decide 9 ! end t x is n be/ = !m to d1 & to meet !m ) c\nt] argum5ts :i*1 if !y are n actually false1 z !y are v apt to be 9 su* a case1 are utt]ly p[]less1 f ! incapacity ( ! *ildr5 to appreciate !m1 on acc\nt ( _! be+ bl9d$ by _! wi%es1 is n to /r5g!n ! reason+ p[]s1 b to confuse & bewild] !m1 & imp$e _! developm5t4 ,mode ( ,deal+ ) ! ,reason ( a ,*ild4 ,! effect1 h[ev]1 w be excell5t ( call+ into ex]cise ! reason & ! judgm5t ( ! *ild 9 cases :]e ! conclusion :i* he arrives at c be safely all[$ to det]m9e 8 action4 ,y c help him 9 su* cases by giv+ him any in=mation t he desires1 b d n emb>rass him1 & int]f]e ) 8 ex]cis+ 8 own judgm5t by obtrud+ advice4 ,all[ him 9 ?is way to lay out 8 own g>d51 to plan ! c\rse ( a walk or a ride1 & to decide ^u ! exp5diture ( 8 own pocket-money1 )9 c]ta9 re/rictions 9 respect to su* ?+s z w\ld be dang]\s or hurtful to himself1 or annoy+ to o!rs4 ,z he gr[s old] y c give him ! *>ge ( ! m9or arrangem5ts on a j\rney1 su* z tak+ c>e ( a c]ta9 numb] ( ! p>cels c>ri$ 9 ! h&1 *oos+ a seat 9 ! c>1 select+ & engag+ a h& on arriv+ at ! place ( de/9ation4 ,commit su* ?+s to 8 *>ge only s fa/ z y c really intru/ him ) p[] to act1 & !n1 ) slight & n obtrusive sup]vision on y\r "p1 leave ! responsibility ) him1 notic+ enc\rag+ly :atev] ( fidelity & success y obs]ve1 & tak+ little notice--g5]ally 9 fact1 none at all--( su* errors & failures z result simply f inexp]i5ce & immaturity4 ,9 a ^w1 make no attempt to seek support f 8 judgm5t1 or by conv9c+ 8 reason1 9 important cases1 :]e 8 feel+s or wi%es are involv$1 b 9 all su* cases re/ y\r decisions solely ^u y\r own au?ority4 ,b !n1 on ! o!r h&1 9 unimportant cases1 :]e no s]i\s evil c result :i*ev] ( ! v>i\s possible c\rses are tak51 call 8 judgm5t into ex]cise1 & abide by its decisions4 ,give him ! responsibility if he likes to take x1 b ) ! responsibility give him ! p[]4 ,sub/antially ! same pr9ciples z expla9$ above1 9 _! application to ! ex]cise ( ! judgm5t1 apply to ! cultivation ( ! reason+ p[]s--t is to say1 9 ! act ( argu+1 or draw+ conclusions f premises4 ,no?+ c be m unpr(itable & useless1 to say no?+ ( its irritat+ & vexati\s effect1 ?an ma9ta9+ an argum5t ) a *ild--or ) any body else1 9 fact--to conv9ce him aga9/ 8 w4 ,argu+ v soon deg5]ates1 9 su* a case1 into an irritat+ & utt]ly useless dispute4 ,! diff]5ce ( op9ion :i* gives occasion = su* discussions arises g5]ally f ! fact t ! *ild sees only c]ta9 ( ! m obvi\s & imm$iate relations & be>+s ( ! subject 9 "q1 :i* is1 9 fact1 all t c be reasonably expect$ ( him1 & =ms 8 op9ion f ^! alone4 ,! p>5t1 on ! o!r h&1 takes a wid] view1 & includes among ! premises on :i* 8 conclusion is f\nd$ consid]ations :i* h nev] be5 br\ght to ! att5tion ( ! *ild4 ,! prop] c\rse1 !re=e1 = him to pursue 9 ord] to br+ ! *ild's m9d into h>mony ) 8 own1 is n to ridicule ! boy's reason+1 or *ide him = tak+ s %ort-sight$ a view ( ! subject1 or to tell him x is v fooli% = him to talk z he does1 or sil5ce him by a dogmatic decision1 deliv]$ 9 a dictatorial & ov]be>+ mann]1 all ( :i* is too (t5 f\nd to *>act]ize ! discussions betwe5 p>5ts & *ildr51 b calmly & quietly to pres5t to him ! consid]ations be>+ ^u ! "q :i* he has n yet se54 ,to ?is end1 & to br+ ! m9d ( ! *ild into t li/5+ & will+ /ate )\t :i* all argum5ts & ev5 all attempts at in/ruction are wa/$1 we mu/ li/5 c&idly to :at he says himself1 put ! be/ con/ruction ^u x1 give x its full =ce2 see x1 9 a ^w1 z ne>ly z possible z he sees x1 & let him "k t we d s4 ,!n he w be mu* m ready to receive any additional consid]ations :i* we may pres5t to 8 m9d1 z ?+s t mu/ also be tak5 into acc\nt 9 =m+ a f9al judgm5t on ! "q4 ,a boy1 = example1 :o is full ( heal? & increas+ vigor1 & 9 :om1 ( c\rse1 ^? organs on :i* ! consci\sness ( /r5g? & ! impulses ( c\rage dep5d are 9 ! c\rse ( rapid & heal?y developm5t1 9 read+ to 8 "m a /ory 9 :i* a ?ief t came into a back /ore-room ( a h\se 9 ! ev5+1 ) a bag1 to /eal meal1 0 detect$ by ! own] & fright5$ away1 looks up f 8 book & says1 9 a v valiant mann]1 ,if ,i _h be5 !re1 & _h a gun1 ,i w\ld h %ot him on ! spot4 ,! ,r\gh ,mode ( ,treatm5t4 ,n[1 if ! "m wi%es to confuse & bewild]1 & to cru% d[n1 s to speak1 ! reason+ faculties ( h] *ild1 %e may say1 ,nons5se1 ,george6 ,x is ( no use = y to talk big 9 t way4 ,y w\ld n d>e to fire a gun 9 su* a case1 /ill less1 to %oot a man4 ,! fir/ ?+ y w\ld d w\ld be to run away & hide4 ,& !n1 besides1 x w\ld be v wick$ = y to kill a man 9 t way4 ,y w\ld be v likely to get y\rself hung = murd]4 ,besides1 ! ,bible says t we mu/ n resi/ evil2 s y %\ld n talk s coolly ab\t %oot+ a man4 ,! poor boy w\ld be ov]p[]$ by su* a rebuke z ?is1 & p]haps sil5c$4 ,! incipi5t & half-=m$ ideas 9 8 m9d 9 respect to ! "r ( self-def5se1 ! virtue ( c\rage1 ! sanctity ( life1 ! nature & ! limits ( ! doctr9e ( non-resi/ance1 w\ld be all ?r[n toge!r into a jumble ( hopeless confusion 9 8 m9d1 & ! only result w\ld be 8 mutt]+ to himself1 aft] a mom5t ( bewild]m5t & vexation1 ,i w\ld %oot him1 anyh[4 ,su* treatm5t w\ld n only fail to conv9ce him t 8 idea 0 wrong1 b w\ld effectually close 8 he>t aga9/ any su* conviction4 ,! ,g5tle ,mode ( ,treatm5t4 ,b let ! "m fir/ see & recognize ^? be>+s & relations ( ! "q :i* ! boy sees--t is1 ^? :i* are ! mo/ direct & imm$iate--& all[ !m _! full =ce1 & %e e/abli%es a sympa?y betwe5 8 m9d & h]s1 & prep>es ! way = 8 be+ l$ by h] to tak+ into ! acc\nt o!r consid]ations :i*1 ?\gh ( great] importance1 are n s obvi\s1 & :i* x w\ld be :olly unreasonable to expect t ! boy w\ld see himself1 s9ce !y d n come )9 ! range ( obs]vation t c\ld be rea*$ spontane\sly by ! unaid$ faculties ( su* a *ild4 ,suppose ! "m says1 9 reply to h] boy's boa/ful decl>ation t he w\ld %oot ! robb]1 ,!re w\ld be a c]ta9 degree ( ju/ice 9 t1 no d\bt4 ,yes1 rejo9s ! boy1 x w\ld be no m ?an he des]v$4 ,:5 a man engages 9 ! commission ( a crime1 adds ! "m1 he runs ! risk ( all ! p]ils t he exposes himself to1 f ! ef=ts ( p to def5d _! prop]ty1 & p]haps _! lives2 s t1 p]haps1 he w\ld h no "r to compla9 if p did %oot at him4 ,n a bit ( "r1 says ! boy4 ,b !n !re are "s o!r ?+s to be consid]$1 says ! "m1 :i*1 ?\gh !y d n %[ t x w\ld be unju/ t[>ds him1 might make x bad = u to %oot him4 ,:at ?+s8 asks ! boy4 ,! "m hav+ c&idly admitt$ :atev] !re 0 ( tru? 9 ! boy's view ( ! subject1 & ?us plac$ h]self1 z x 71 side by side ) him1 he is prep>$ to see & admit :at %e is go+ to po9t out to 8 obs]vation--n z some?+ directly antagoni/ic to :at he has said1 b z some?+ additional1 some?+ :i* is also to be tak5 into ! acc\nt4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 cont9ues ! "m1 !re w\ld be ! body to be dispos$ (1 if y 7 to %oot him4 ,h[ %\ld we manage ab\t t8 ,x w\ld make a great diff]5ce 9 su* a case 9 respect to ! dang] ( putt+ ! boy's m9d into a /ate ( antagonism aga9/ 8 "m's pres5tation ( ! case1 :e!r %e says1 ,h[ %all we manage ab\t t8 or1 ,h[ w y manage ab\t t8 ,oh1 replies ! boy1 we w\ld s5d to :]e he lives1 & let 8 p come & take him away2 or1 if he 0 9 a city1 we w\ld call 9 ! police4 ,t w\ld be a good plan1 says 8 "m4 ,we w\ld call 9 ! police1 if !re 7 any police at h&4 ,b !n !re w\ld be ! blood all ov] ! c>pet & ! floor4 ,!re w\ld n be any c>pet on ! floor 9 a /ore-room1 says ! boy4 ,true1 replies ! "m2 y are "r !re2 s t !re w\ld n be1 aft] all1 any great tr\ble ab\t ! blood4 ,b ! man might n be kill$ outright1 & x might be "s "t be=e ! policem5 w\ld come1 & we %\ld see him all t "t wri?+ & /ruggl+ 9 dreadful convulsions1 :i* w\ld fix horrid impressions ^u our m9ds1 t w\ld haunt u = a long "t aft]w>ds4 ,! "m c\ld !n g on to expla9 t1 if ! man _h a wife & *ildr51 any "o :o _h kill$ ! husb& & fa!r w\ld pity !m z long z he liv$1 & c\ld nev] see !m or he> !m spok5 ( )\t feel+ pa91 & ev5 "s degree ( self-reproa*2 al?\gh1 s f> z ! man himself 0 conc]n$1 x might be t no inju/ice _h be5 done4 ,aft] ! excitem5t 0 ov]1 too1 he w\ld beg9 to make excuses = ! man1 ?9k+ t p]haps he 0 poor1 & 8 *ildr5 7 suff]+ = bread1 & x 0 on _! acc\nt t he 0 tempt$ to /eal1 & ?is1 ?\gh x w\ld n ju/ify1 might 9 "s degree palliate ! act = :i* he 0 sla92 or t he _h be5 badly br\ght up1 hav+ nev] receiv$ any prop] in/ruction1 b _h be5 tra9$ & taught f 8 boyhood to pilf] & /eal4 ,^! & _m analog\s consid]ations might be pres5t$ to ! *ild1 go+ to %[ t1 :atev] ! rule ( /rict ju/ice 9 respect to ! crim9al may enjo91 x is n "r to take ! life ( a wrong-do] m]ely to prev5t ! commission ( a m9or (f5se4 ,! law ( ! l& recognizes ?is pr9ciple1 & does n ju/ify ! tak+ ( life except 9 extreme cases1 su* z ^? ( imm95t p]sonal dang]4 ,a fri5dly conv]sation ( ?is k9d1 c>ri$ on1 n 9 a _s ( antagonism to :at ! boy has said1 b 9 ! =m ( pres5t+ in=mation novel to him 9 respect to consid]ations :i* 7 to be tak5 into ! acc\nt 9 addition to ^? :i* he _h himself p]ceiv$1 w h a great effect n only 9 modify+ 8 op9ion 9 ?is case1 b also 9 impress+ him ) ! g5]al idea t1 be=e adopt+ a decisive op9ion on any subject1 we mu/ take c>e to acqua9t ourselves n m]ely ) ! mo/ direct & obvi\s relations ( x1 b mu/ look f>!r into its be>+s & results1 s t our conclusion may h a solid f\ndation by repos+ ^u z _m z possible ( ! consid]ations :i* ought really to affect x4 ,?us1 by avoid+ all appe>ance ( antagonism1 we secure a ready reception = ! tru?s we (f]1 & cultivate ! reason+ p[]s at ! same "t4 ,g5]al ,pr9ciples4 ,! pr9ciples1 !n1 :i* are meant to be illu/rat$ & en=c$ 9 ?is *apt] are ^!3 #a4 ,t ! m5tal faculties ( *ildr5 on :i* ! ex]cise ( judgm5t & ( ! p[] ( reason+ dep5d are n among ^? :i* are ! e>lie/ develop$1 & !y d n atta91 9 ! fir/ ye>s ( life1 to su* a degree ( /r5g? or maturity z to ju/ify plac+ any s]i\s reliance ^u !m = ! conduct ( life4 #b4 ,p>5ts %\ld1 accord+ly1 n put !m to any s]i\s te/1 or impose any heavy burd5 ^u !m2 b %\ld rely solely on _! own au?ority1 z ! expression ( _! own judgm5t1 & n ^u _! ability to conv9ce ! judgm5t ( ! *ild1 9 important cases1 or 9 ^? :]e its incl9ations or its feel+s are conc]n$4 #c4 ,b !y may greatly promote ! heal?y developm5t ( ^! faculties on ! "p ( _! *ildr51 by br++ to _! view ! less obvi\s be>+s & relations ( v>i\s acts & occurr5ces on :i* judgm5t is to be pass$1 9 cases :]e _! feel+s & incl9ations are n specially conc]n$--do+ ?is ei!r 9 ! =m ( expla9+ _! own p>5tal pr9ciples ( managem5t1 or practically1 by intru/+ !m ) responsibility1 & giv+ !m a degree ( actual p[] comm5surate ) x1 9 cases :]e x is safe to d s2 &1 #d4 ,!y may enl>ge ! range ( ! *ildr5's ideas1 & accu/om !m to take wid] views ( ! v>i\s subjects :i* occupy _! att5tion1 by discuss+ ) !m ! pr9ciples involv$ 9 ! sev]al cases2 b su* discussions mu/ be conduct$ 9 a calm1 g5tle1 & consid]ate mann]1 ! p>5t look+ always ^u :at ! *ild says 9 ! mo/ favorable light1 putt+ ! be/ con/ruction ^u x1 & admitt+ its =ce1 & !n pres5t+ su* additional views z ought also to be tak5 into acc\nt1 ) mod]ate e>ne/ness1 & 9 an unobtrusive mann]1 ?us tak+ %ort & easy /eps himself 9 ord] to accommodate 8 own rate ( progress to ! /ill imp]fectly develop$ capabilities ( ! *ild4 ,9 a ^w1 x is ) ! unfold+ ( ! m5tal faculties ( ! "y z x is ) ! developm5t ( _! muscles & ! improvem5t ( _! bodily p[]s2 & j z ! way to tea* a *ild to walk is n to drag him along hurri$ly & =cibly by ! arm fa/] ?an he c himself =m ! necess>y /eps1 b to g sl[ly1 accommodat+ y\r movem5ts to ^? :i* are natural to him1 & enc\rag+ him by lett+ him p]ceive t 8 own ef=ts produce appreciable & useful results--s1 9 cultivat+ any ( _! ?9k+ & reason+ p[]s1 we mu/ n put at ! outset too heavy a burd5 ^u !m1 b mu/ call !m g5tly into action1 )9 ! limits prescrib$ by ! degree ( maturity to :i* !y h atta9$1 /&+ a little aside1 z x 71 9 do+ s1 & enc\rag+ !m to d ! "w !mselves1 in/ead ( tak+ x out ( _! h&s & do+ x = !m4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,wi%es ,,& ,,reque/s4 ,9 respect to ! c\rse to be pursu$ 9 relation to ! reque/s & wi%es ( *ildr51 ! foll[+ g5]al rules result f ! pr9ciples inculcat$ 9 ! *apt] on ,judgm5t & ,reason+1 or1 at lea/1 are 9 p]fect accordance ) !m--namely3 ,absolute ,au?ority 9 ,cases ( vital ,importance4 #a4 ,9 respect to all ^? que/ions 9 ! decision ( :i* _! p]man5t & ess5tial welf>e are involv$1 su* z ^? relat+ to _! heal?1 ! company !y keep1 ! =mation ( _! *>act]s1 ! progress ( _! education1 & ! l1 ! p>5t %\ld e/abli% & ma9ta9 9 ! m9ds ( ! *ildr5 f _! e>lie/ ye>s1 a di/9ct und]/&+ t ! decision ( all su* que/ions is res]v$ = 8 own or h] own exclusive jurisdiction4 ,:ile on any ( ! details connect$ ) ^! que/ions ! feel+s & wi%es ( ! *ild ought to be asc]ta9$1 &1 s f> z possible1 tak5 into ! acc\nt1 ! c\rse to be pursu$ %\ld n1 9 g5]al1 be discuss$ ) ! *ild1 nor %\ld _! objections be repli$ to 9 any =m4 ,! p>5t %\ld simply take su* objections z ! judge takes ! pap]s 9 a case :i* has be5 tri$ be=e him1 & res]ve 8 decision4 ,! pr9ciples by :i* ! p>5t is gov]n$ 9 ! c\rse :i* he pursues1 & ! reasons = !m1 may be made ! subject ( v free conv]sation1 & may be fully expla9$1 provid$ t c>e is tak5 t ?is is nev] done :5 any practical "q is p5d+1 su* z w\ld give ! explanations ( ! p>5t ! aspect ( p]suasions1 employ$ to supply ! defici5cy ( au?ority too weak to en=ce ob$i5ce to a comm&4 ,x is an excell5t ?+ to h *ildr5 see & appreciate ! reasonabl5ess ( _! p>5ts' comm&s1 provid$ t ?is reasonabl5ess is %[n to !m 9 su* a way t !y are n l$ to imag9e t _! be+ able to see x is 9 any s5se a condition prec$5t ( ob$i5ce4 ,great ,indulg5ce 9 ,cases n ( vital ,importance4 #b4 ,! au?ority ( ! p>5t be+ ?us fully e/abli%$ 9 reg>d to all ^? ?+s :i*1 be+ ( p>am\nt importance 9 respect to ! *ild's pres5t & future welf>e1 ought to be regulat$ by ! comp>ative f>-see+ wisdom ( ! p>5t1 ) little reg>d to ! evanesc5t fancies ( ! *ild1 x is on e acc\nt be/1 9 respect to all o!r ?+s1 to all[ to ! *ildr5 ! l>ge/ possible indulg5ce4 ,! l>ge/ indulg5ce = !m 9 _! occupations1 _! plays1 & ev5 9 _! caprices & ! freaks ( _! fancy1 means fre$om ( action = _! unfold+ p[]s ( body & m9d2 & fre$om ( action = ^! p[]s means ! mo/ rapid & heal?y developm5t ( !m4 ,! rule is1 9 a ^w1 t1 aft] all t is ess5tial = _! heal?1 ! =mation ( _! *>act]s1 & _! progress 9 /udy is secur$1 by be+ br\ght "u ! dom9ion ( absolute p>5tal au?ority1 9 respect to :at rema9s ! *ildr5 are to be indulg$ & all[$ to h _! own way z mu* z possible4 ,:51 9 _! plays1 !y come to y = p]mission to d a p>ticul> ?+1 d n consid] :e!r or n x seems to y t y w\ld l to d x y\rself1 b only :e!r !re is any real & sub/antial objection to _! do+ x4 ,! ,he>+ to come be=e ! ,decision1 n aft] x4 ,! c\rts ( ju/ice adopt :at seems to be a v s5sible & a v excell5t mode ( proce$+1 ?\gh x is exactly ! contr>y to ! "o :i* _m p>5ts pursue1 & t is1 !y he> ! case fir/1 & decide aft]w>ds4 ,a great _m p>5ts seem to pref] to decide fir/1 & !n he>--t is to say1 :5 ! *ildr5 come to !m ) any reque/ or proposal1 !y answ] at once ) a refusal m or less decid$1 & !n all[ !mselves to be l$ into a long discussion on ! subject1 if discussion t may be call$ :i* consi/s *iefly ( simple p]si/5ce & importunity on "o side1 & a gradually relax+ resi/ance on ! o!r1 until a reluctant cons5t is f9ally obta9$4 ,n[1 j z x is an excell5t way to develop & /r5g!n ! muscles ( a *ild's arms1 = 8 fa!r to hold ! two ends ( 8 cane 9 8 h&s :ile ! *ild grasps x by ! middle1 & !n = !m to pull aga9/ ea* o!r1 ab\t ! y>d1 until1 f9ally1 ! *ild is all[$ to get ! cane away2 s ! way to *]i% & confirm ! habit ( teas+ 9 *ildr5 is to ma9ta9 a discussion ) !m = a "t 9 respect to "s reque/ :i* is at fir/ d5i$1 & !n f9ally1 aft] a protract$ & gradually weak5+ resi/ance1 to all[ !m to ga9 ! victory & c>ry _! po9t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 an absolutely c]ta9 way ( prev5t+ any su* habit f be+ =m$1 & ( effectually break+ x up :5 x is =m$1 is ! simple process ( he>+ fir/1 & decid+ aft]w>ds4 ,:51 !re=e1 *ildr5 come ) any reque/1 or express any wi%1 9 cases :]e no s]i\s int]e/s are involv$1 9 decid+ ^u ! answ] to be giv51 ! "m %\ld1 9 g5]al1 simply ask h]self1 n ,is x wise8 ,w !y succe$ 9 x8 ,w !y enjoy x8 ,w\ld ,i l to d x if ,i 7 !y8--b simply1 ,is !re any h>m or dang] 9 x8 ,if n1 readily & cordially cons5t4 ,b d n ann\nce y\r decision till aft] y h he>d all t !y h to say1 if y int5d to he> :at !y h to say at all4 ,if !re are any objections to :at ! *ildr5 propose :i* affect ! "q 9 relation to x z a means ( amusem5t = !m1 y may /ate !m 9 ! way ( in=mation = !m1 aft] y h giv5 y\r cons5t4 ,9 t way y pres5t ! difficulties z subjects = _! consid]ation1 & n z objections on y\r "p to _! plan4 ,b1 h[ev] s]i\s ! difficulties may be 9 ! way ( ! *ildr5's accompli%+ ! object :i* !y h 9 view1 !y con/itute no objection to _! mak+ ! attempt1 provid$ t _! plans involve no s]i\s h>m or damage to !mselves1 or to any o!r p]son or int]e/4 ,! ,wrong ,way4 ,two boys1 = example1 ,william & ,james1 :o h be5 play+ 9 ! y>d ) _! little si/] ,lucy1 come 9 to _! "m ) a plan = a fi%-pond4 ,!y wi% = p]mission to dig a hole 9 a corn] ( ! y>d & fill x ) wat]1 & !n to get "s fi% out ( ! brook to put into x4 ,! "m1 on he>+ ! proposal1 says at once1 )\t wait+ = any explanations1 ,oh no1 ,i w\ld n d t4 ,x is a v fooli% plan4 ,y w only get y\rselves all muddy4 ,besides1 y c't cat* any fi%es to put into x1 & if y d1 !y won't live4 ,& !n ! grass is s ?ick t y c\ld n get x up to make y\r hole4 ,b ,william says t !y c dig ! grass up ) _! little spades4 ,!y _h tri$ x1 & f\nd t !y c\ld d s4 ,& ,james says t !y h already tri$ cat*+ ! fi%es1 & f\nd t !y c\ld d x by means ( a long-h&l$ dipp]2 & ,lucy says t !y w all be v c>eful n to get !mselves wet & muddy4 ,b y'll get y\r feet wet /&+ on ! edge ( ! brook1 says ! "m4 ,y c't help x4 ,no1 "m1 replies ,james1 !re is a l>ge flat /one t we c /& ^u1 & s keep our feet p]fectly dry4 ,see6 ,s say+1 he %[s 8 own feet1 :i* are q dry4 ,?us ! discussion goes on2 ! objections made--be+1 z usual 9 su* cases1 half ( !m imag9>y ones1 br\ght =w>d only = effect--are "o aft] ano!r dispos$ (1 or at lea/ set aside1 until at l5g? ! "m1 z if beat5 (f h] gr\nd aft] a conte/1 gives a reluctant & hesitat+ cons5t1 & ! *ildr5 g away to comm5ce _! "w only half pleas$1 & sep>at$ 9 he>t & affection1 = ! "t be+1 f _! "m by n f9d+ 9 h]1 z !y ?9k1 any sympa?y ) !m1 or disposition to aid !m 9 _! pleasures4 ,!y h1 h[ev]1 by _! "m's managem5t ( ! case1 receiv$ an excell5t lesson 9 argu+ & teas+4 ,!y h f\nd by x1 :at !y h und\bt$ly (t5 f\nd on simil> occasions be=e1 t _! "m's fir/ decision is n at all to be tak5 z a f9al "o2 t !y h only to p]sev]e 9 reply+ to h] objections & answ]+ h] argum5ts1 & especially 9 p]si/+ 9 _! importunity1 & !y w be pretty sure to ga9 _! end at la/4 ,?is mode ( managem5t1 also1 has ! effect ( fix+ ! position ( _! "m 9 _! m9ds z "o ( antagonism to !m 9 respect to _! *ildi% pleasures4 ,! ,"r ,way4 ,if 9 su* a case z ?is ! "m wi%es to avoid ^! evils1 ! way is pla94 ,%e mu/ fir/ consid] ! proposal h]self1 & come to h] own decision 9 reg>d to x4 ,be=e com+ to a decision1 %e may1 if %e has leisure & opportunity1 make additional inquiries 9 respect to ! details ( ! plan2 or1 if %e is o!rwise occupi$1 %e may consid] !m = a mom5t 9 h] own m9d4 ,if ! objections are decisive1 %e %\ld n /ate !m at ! "t1 unless %e specially wi%es !m n to h a fair he>+2 = :5 *ildr5 h a plan 9 m9d :i* !y are eag] to c>ry out1 _! v eag]ness entirely incapacitates !m = prop]ly appreciat+ any objections :i* may be (f]$ to x4 ,x is on e acc\nt bett]1 !re=e--z a g5]al rule--n to (f] any su* objections at ! "t1 b simply to give y\r decision4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if !re is no s]i\s evil to be appreh5d$ 9 all[+ *ildr5 to attempt to c>ry any p>ticul> plan !y =m into effect1 ! fooli%ness ( x1 9 a practical po9t ( view1 or ev5 ! impossibility ( success 9 accompli%+ ! object propos$1 con/itute no valid objection to x2 = *ildr5 amuse !mselves z mu*1 & sometimes le>n z mu*1 & promote z effectually ! developm5t ( _! p[]s & faculties1 by _! failures z by _! successes4 ,9 ! case suppos$1 !n1 ! "m1 9 ord] to manage x "r1 w\ld fir/ consid] = a mom5t :e!r !re 0 any decisive objection to ! plan4 ,?is w\ld dep5d1 p]haps1 ^u ! mann] 9 :i* ! *ildr5 7 dress$ at ! "t1 or ^u ! am\nt ( injury t w\ld be done to ! y>d2 & ?is "q w\ld 9 its turn dep5d1 9 _m cases1 on ! comp>ative value set by ! "m ^u ! beauty ( h] y>d1 & ! heal?1 developm5t1 & happ9ess ( h] *ildr54 ,b suppos+ t %e sees--:i* %e c d 9 mo/ in/ances at a glance--t !re c no s]i\s h>m be done by ! exp]im5t1 b only t x is a fooli% plan s f> z ! atta9m5t ( ! object is conc]n$1 & utt]ly hopeless ( success1 :i*1 consid]+ t ! real end to be atta9$ is ! heal?y developm5t ( ! *ildr5's p[]s by ! agreeable ex]cise ( !m 9 useless z well z 9 useful labors1 is no objection at all1 !n %e %\ld answ] at once1 ,yes1 y c d t if y l2 & p]haps ,i c help y ab\t plann+ ! "w4 ,aft] say+ ?is1 any po9t+ out ( ob/acles & difficulties on h] "p does n pres5t itself to _! m9ds 9 ! light ( opposition to _! plan1 b ( aid 9 help+ x =w>d1 & s places h]1 9 _! view1 on _! side1 in/ead ( 9 antagonism to !m4 ,:at d y propose to d ) ! e>? t y take out ( ! hole8 %e asks4 ,! *ildr5 _h1 p]haps1 n ?\ght ( t4 ,h[ w\ld x d1 cont9ues ! "m1 to put x 9 y\r :eelb>r[ & let x /ay !re1 s t 9 case y\r plan %\ld n succe$--& m51 9 any ?+ t !y und]take1 always consid] x wise to take into acc\nt ! possibility t !y may n succe$--y c easily br+ x all back & fill up ! hole aga94 ,! *ildr5 ?9k t w\ld be a v good plan4 ,& h[ are y go+ to fill y\r hole ) wat] :5 y get x dug out8 asks ! "m4 ,!y 7 go+ to c>ry ! wat] f ! pump 9 a pail4 ,& h[ are y go+ to prev5t spill+ ! wat] ov] ^u y\r tr\s]s & into y\r %oes :ile c>ry+ x8 ,oh1 we w be v c>eful1 repli$ ,william4 ,h[ w\ld x d only to fill ! pail half full ea* "t1 sugge/s ! "m4 ,y w\ld h to g m times1 x is true1 b t w\ld be bett] ?an gett+ spla%$ ) wat]4 ,! boys ?9k t t w\ld be a v good plan4 ,9 ?is mann] ! v>i\s difficulties to be anticipat$ may be br\ght to ! notice ( ! *ildr51 :ile1 !y & _! "m be+ 9 h>mony & sympa?y ) ea* o!r--& n 9 opposition--9 ! consid]ation ( !m1 %e c br+ !m =w>d )\t any difficulty1 & make !m ! means ( tea*+ ! *ildr5 _m useful lessons ( prud5ce & precaution4 ,caprici\sness 9 ,play4 ,! "m1 !n1 aft] w>n+ ! *ildr5 t !y mu/ expect to enc\nt] _m unexpect$ difficulties 9 _! und]tak+1 & tell+ !m t !y mu/ n be too mu* disappo9t$ if !y %\ld f9d t !y c\ld n succe$1 dismisses !m to _! "w4 ,!y proce$ to dig ! hole1 putt+ ! mat]ials 9 ! :eelb>r[1 & !n fill up ! hole ) wat] br\ght 9 half pailfuls at a "t f ! pump2 b are some:at disappo9t$ to f9d t ! wat] soaks away pretty rapidly into ! gr\nd1 & t1 moreov]1 x is s turbid1 & ! surface is s cov]$ ) little leaves1 /icks1 & du/1 z to make x appe> v d\btful :e!r !y w\ld be able to see ! fi%es if !y 7 to succe$ 9 cat*+ any to put 94 ,h[ev]1 !y take _! long-h&l$ dipp] & proce$ t[>ds ! brook4 ,on ! way !y /op to ga!r "s fl[]s t gr[ ne> ! pa? t leads ?r\gh ! field1 :5 ! idea sudd5ly ent]s ,lucy's head t x w\ld be bett] to make a g>d5 ?an a fi%-pond2 fl[]s1 z %e says1 be+ s mu* pretti] ?an fi%es4 ,s !y all g back to _! "m & expla9 ! *ange ( _! plan4 ,!y ask = leave to dig up a place :i* !y _h f\nd :]e ! gr\nd 0 loose & s&y1 & easy to dig1 & to set out fl[]s 9 x :i* !y _h f\nd 9 ! field already 9 bloom4 ,we are go+ to give up ! fi%-pond1 !y say 9 conclusion1 because fl[]s are s mu* pretti] ?an fi%es4 ,! "m1 in/ead ( f9d+ fault ) !m = be+ s caprici\s & *angeable 9 _! plans1 says1 ,i ?9k y are "r4 ,fi%es look pretty en\gh :5 !y are swimm+ 9 ! brook1 b fl[]s are mu* pretti] to transport & take c>e (4 ,b fir/ g & fill up ! hole y made = ! pond ) ! e>? t is 9 ! :eelb>r[2 & :5 y h made y\r g>d5 & mov$ ! fl[]s into x1 ,i advise y to get ! wat]+-pot & give !m a good wat]+4 ,x may be said t *ildr5 ought to be br\ght up 9 habits ( /ead9ess & p]sev]ance 9 :at !y und]take1 & t ?is k9d ( indulg5ce 9 _! caprici\sness w\ld h a v bad t5d5cy 9 ?is respect4 ,! answ] is1 t !re are times & seasons = all ! diff]5t k9ds ( lessons :i* *ildr5 h to le>n1 & t :5 9 _! h\rs ( recreation !y are amus+ !mselves 9 play1 lessons 9 p]sev]ance & sy/em are out ( place4 ,! object to be s\ght = !n is ! ex]cise & gr[? ( _! bodily organs & memb]s1 ! developm5t ( _! fancy & imag9ation1 & _! p[]s ( obs]vation ( nature4 ,! "w ( tra9+ !m to habits ( sy/em & ( /eady p]sev]ance 9 s]i\s pursuits1 :i*1 ?\gh x is a "w t ought by no means to be neglect$1 is n ! appropriate "w ( su* a "t4 ,summ>y ( ,results4 ,! g5]al rules = ! gov]nm5t ( ! p>5t 9 8 treatm5t ( 8 *ildr5's reque/s & wi%es are ^!3 ,9 all matt]s ( ess5tial importance he is to decide himself & simply ann\nce 8 decision1 )\t giv+ any reasons = ! purpose ( ju/ify+ x1 or = induc+ submission to x4 ,& 9 all matt]s n ( ess5tial importance he is to all[ ! *ildr5 ! greate/ possible fre$om ( action4 ,& ! rule = *ildr5 is t !y are always to obey ! comm& ! fir/ "t x is giv51 )\t "q1 & to take ! fir/ answ] to any reque/ )\t any objection or demurr+ :atev]4 ,x is v easy to see h[ smoo?ly & happily ! affairs ( dome/ic gov]nm5t w\ld g on if ^! rules 7 e/abli%$ & obey$4 ,all t is requir$ on ! "p ( p>5ts = _! complete e/abli%m5t is1 fir/1 a cle> compreh5sion ( !m1 & !n a calm1 quiet1 & g5tle1 b /ill inflexible firmness 9 ma9ta9+ !m4 ,un=tunately1 h[ev]1 su* qualities z ^!1 simple z !y seem1 are ! mo/ r>e4 ,if1 in/ead ( g5tle b firm consi/5cy & /ead9ess ( action1 ard5t1 impulsive1 & caprici\s en]gy & viol5ce 7 requir$1 x w\ld be comp>atively easy to f9d !m4 ,h[ seldom d we see a "m's managem5t ( h] *ildr5 regulat$ by a calm1 quiet1 g5tle1 & consid]ate decision t ?9ks be=e x speaks 9 all important matt]s1 & :5 x speaks1 is firm2 & yet1 :i* readily & gladly accords to ! *ildr5 e lib]ty & indulg5ce :i* c d !mselves or o!rs no h>m4 ,& on ! o!r h&1 h[ (t5 d we see fooli% laxity & indulg5ce 9 yield+ to importunity 9 cases ( vital importance1 alt]nat+ ) vexati\s ?w>t+s1 rebuffs1 & refusals 9 respect to desires & wi%es ! gratification ( :i* c\ld d no injury at all4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,*ildr5',s ,,que/ions4 ,! disposition to ask que/ions1 :i* is s univ]sal & s /rong a *>act]i/ic ( *ildhood1 is ! op5 door :i* pres5ts to ! "m ! readie/ & mo/ easy access possible to ! m9d & he>t ( h] *ild4 ,! opportunities & facilities ?us af=d$ to h] w\ld be ! s\rce ( ! greate/ pleasure to h]self1 & ( ! greate/ b5efit to h] *ild1 if %e und]/ood bett] h[ to avail h]self ( !m4 ,i propose1 9 ?is *apt]1 to give "s explanations & g5]al directions = ! guidance ( mo!rs1 ( old] bro!rs & si/]s1 & ( tea*]s--( all p]sons1 9 fact1 :o may1 f "t to "t1 h "y *ildr5 "u _! c>e or 9 _! society4 ,i h no d\bt t "s ( my rules w /rike p>5ts1 at fir/ view1 z p>adoxical &1 p]haps1 almo/ absurd2 b ,i hope t on m mature reflection !y w be f\nd to be reasonable & j4 ,! ,curiosity ( ,*ildr5 n a ,fault4 #a4 ,! curiosity ( *ildr5 is n a fault1 & !re=e we mu/ nev] c5sure !m = ask+ que/ions1 or lead !m to ?9k t we consid] ! disposition to d s a fault on _! "p2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 ?is disposition is to be enc\rag$ z mu* z possible4 ,we mu/ rememb] t a *ild1 :5 8 p[]s ( obs]vation beg9 to be develop$1 f9ds e ?+ ar\nd him full ( my/]y & wond]4 ,:y "s ?+s are h>d & "s are s(t--:y "s ?+s w roll & "s w n--:y he is n hurt :5 he falls on ! s(a1 & is hurt :5 he falls on ! floor--:y a *air w tumble ov] :5 he climbs up by ! r\nds ( x1 :ile yet ! /eps ( ! /airs rema9 firm & c be asc5d$ )\t dang]--:y "o ?+ is black1 & ano!r r$1 & ano!r gre5--:y wat] w all g away ( itself f 8 h&s or 8 dress1 :ile mud w n--:y he c dig 9 ! gr\nd1 b c n dig 9 a floor--all is a my/]y1 & ! little adv5tur] is 9 a cont9ual /ate ( curiosity & wond]1 n only to le>n ! mean+ ( all ^! ?+s1 b also ( desire to ext5d 8 obs]vations1 & f9d out m & m ( ! a/oni%+ ph5om5a t are exhibit$ ar\nd him4 ,! good feel+ ( ! "m1 or ( any intellig5t fri5d :o is will+ to aid him 9 8 ef=ts1 is1 ( c\rse1 invaluable to him z a means ( promot+ 8 advancem5t 9 k & ( develop+ 8 p[]s4 ,rememb]1 !re=e1 t ! disposition ( a *ild to ask que/ions is n a fault1 b only an indication ( 8 increas+ m5tal activity1 & ( 8 desire to avail himself ( ! only means )9 8 rea* ( advanc+ 8 k & ( enl>g+ ! scope ( 8 intellig5ce 9 respect to ! /range & wond]ful ph5om5a con/antly obs]vable ar\nd him4 ,sometimes1 p]haps1 a ,s\rce ( ,inconv5i5ce4 ,( c\rse !re w be times :5 x is inconv5i5t = ! p>5t to att5d to ! que/ions ( ! *ild1 & :5 he mu/1 consequ5tly1 be deb>r$ ( ! pleasure & privilege ( ask+ !m2 b ev5 at su* times z ^! ! disposition to ask !m mu/ n be attribut$ to him z a fault4 ,nev] tell him t he is a little tease--t y are tir$ to dea? ( answ]+ 8 que/ions--t he is a *att]-box t w\ld we>y ! pati5ce ( ,job2 or t1 if he w sit /ill = half an h\r1 )\t speak+ a ^w1 y w give him a rew>d4 ,if y are go+ to be engag$1 & s c n att5d to him1 say to him t y wi% y c\ld talk ) him1 & answ] ! que/ions1 b t y are go+ to be busy & c n d x2 & !n1 aft] provid+ him ) "s o!r means ( occupation1 require him to be sil5t3 ?\gh ev5 !n y ought to relieve ! t$ium ( sil5ce = him by /opp+ e t5 or fifte5 m9utes f y\r read+1 or y\r lett]-writ+1 or ! plann+ ( y\r "w1 or :atev] y\r employm5t may be1 & giv+ y\r att5tion to him = a m9ute or two1 & af=d+ him an opportunity to relieve ! pressure on 8 m9d by a little conv]sation4 ,answ]s to be %ort & simple4 #b4 ,give g5]ally to *ildr5's que/ions ! %orte/ & simple/ answ]s possible4 ,"o reason :y p>5ts f9d ! que/ions ( *ildr5 s fatigu+ to !m1 is t !y attempt too mu* 9 _! answ]s4 ,if !y w\ld give ! "r k9d ( answ]s1 !y w\ld f9d ! "w ( reply+ v easy1 & 9 mo/ ( _! avocations x w\ld occasion !m v little int]ruption4 ,^! %ort & simple answ]s are all t a *ild requires4 ,a full & detail$ explanation ( any ?+ !y ask ab\t is z tiresome = !m to li/5 to z x is = ! "m to frame & give2 :ile a %ort & simple reply :i* advances !m "o /ep 9 _! k ( ! subject is p]fectly easy = ! "m to give1 & is1 at ! same "t1 all t !y wi% to receive4 ,= example1 let u suppose t ! fa!r & "m are tak+ a ride on a summ] aft]noon aft] a %[]1 ) little ,johnny sitt+ ^u ! seat betwe5 !m 9 ! *aise4 ,! p>5ts are engag$ 9 conv]sation ) ea* o!r1 we w suppose1 & w\ld n l to be int]rupt$4 ,johnny pres5tly spies a ra9b[ on a cl\d 9 ! ea/1 &1 aft] utt]+ an exclamation ( delight1 asks 8 "m :at made ! ra9b[4 ,%e he>s ! "q1 & h] m9d1 glanc+ = a mom5t at ! difficulty ( giv+ an intelligible explanation ( s gr& a ph5om5on to su* a *ild1 exp]i5ces an obscure s5sation ( p]plexity & annoyance1 b n q en\gh to take (f h] att5tion f h] conv]sation2 s %e goes on & takes no notice ( ,johnny's inquiry4 ,johnny1 accord+ly1 soon repeats x1 ,"m6 "m6 :at makes ! ra9b[8 ,at l5g? h] att5tion is =c$ to ! subject1 & %e ei!r tells ,johnny t %e c't expla9 x to him--t he is n old en\gh to und]/& x2 or1 p]haps1 scolds him = int]rupt+ h] ) s _m teas+ que/ions4 ,9 ano!r su* case1 ! "m1 on he>+ ! "q1 pauses long en\gh to look k9dly & ) a smile ( enc\ragem5t ^u h] face t[>ds ,johnny1 & to say simply1 ,! sun1 & !n goes on ) h] conv]sation4 ,johnny says ,oh6 9 a tone ( satisfaction4 ,x is a new & gr& idea to him t ! sun makes ! ra9b[1 & x is en\gh to fill 8 m9d ) contemplation = sev]al m9utes1 dur+ :i* 8 p>5ts g on )\t int]ruption 9 _! talk4 ,pres5tly ,johnny asks aga91 ,"m1 h[ does ! sun make ! ra9b[8 ,8 "m answ]s 9 ! same way z be=e1 ,by %9+ on ! cl\d3 &1 leav+ t additional idea = ,johnny to reflect ^u & receive fully into 8 m9d1 turns aga9 to h] husb& & resumes h] conv]sation ) him aft] a sc>cely p]ceptible int]ruption4 ,johnny1 aft] hav+ reflect$ 9 sil5ce "s m9utes1 dur+ :i* he has look$ at ! sun & at ! ra9b[1 & obs]v$ t ! cl\d on :i* ! ar* is =m$ is exactly opposite to ! sun1 & fully expos$ to 8 beams1 is prep>$ = ano!r /ep1 & asks1 ,"m1 h[ does ! sun make a ra9b[ by %9+ on ! cl\d8 ,8 "m replies t x %9es on millions ( little drops ( ra9 9 ! cl\d1 & makes !m ( all colors1 l drops ( dew on ! gr\nd1 & all ! colors toge!r make ! ra9b[4 ,"h are images pres5t$ to ,johnny's m9d en\gh to occupy 8 ?\ghts = a consid]able int]val1 :5 p]haps he w h ano!r "q /ill1 to be answ]$ by an equally %ort & simple reply2 ?\gh1 probably1 by ?is "t 8 curiosity w h become satisfi$ 9 respect to 8 subject ( inquiry1 & 8 att5tion w h be5 arre/$ by "s o!r object4 ,to answ] ! *ild's que/ions 9 ?is way is s easy1 & ! pauses :i* ! answ]s lead to on ! "p ( ! que/ion] are usually s long1 t v little s]i\s int]ruption is occasion$ by !m to any ( ! ord9>y pursuits 9 :i* a "m is engag$2 & ! little int]ruption :i* is caus$ is greatly ov]balanc$ by ! pleasure :i* ! "m w exp]i5ce 9 witness+ ! gratification & improvem5t ( ! *ild1 if %e really loves him1 & is s]i\sly int]e/$ 9 ! developm5t ( 8 ?9k+ & reason+ p[]s4 ,answ]s %\ld attempt to communicate b little ,in/ruction4 #c4 ,! answ]s :i* are giv5 to *ildr5 %\ld n only be %ort & simple 9 =m1 b ea* "o %\ld be /udi\sly design$ to communicate z small an am\nt ( in=mation z possible4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"m1 ,,:at ,,makes ,,x ,,sn[8 ,?is may seem1 at fir/ view1 a /range idea1 b ! import ( x simply is t1 9 giv+ ! *ild 8 intellectual n\ri%m5t1 y mu/ act z y d 9 respect to 8 bodily food--t is1 divide :at he is to receive into small portions1 & adm9i/] a little at a "t4 ,if y give him too mu* at once 9 ei!r case1 y are 9 dang] ( *ok+ him4 ,= example1 ,johnny asks "s morn+ 9 ! e>ly w9t]1 :5 ! fir/ sn[ is fall+1 & he has be5 wat*+ x = "s "t f ! w9d[ 9 wond] & delight1 ,"m1 :at makes x sn[8 ,n[1 if ! "m imag9es t %e mu/ give any ?+ l a full answ] to ! "q1 h] att5tion mu/ be di/ract$ f h] "w to enable h] to frame x2 & if %e does n give up ! attempt altoge!r1 & rebuke ! boy = teas+ h] ) s _m silly que/ions1 %e p]haps susp5ds h] "w1 &1 aft] a mom5t's p]plex+ ?\ght1 %e says ! vapor ( ! wat] f ! riv]s & seas & damp gr\nd rises into ! air1 & !re at la/ congeals into flakes ( sn[1 & ^! fall ?r\gh ! air to ! gr\nd4 ,! boy li/5s & attempts to und]/& ! explanation1 b he is bewild]$ & lo/ 9 ! endeavor to take 9 at once ?is ext5d$ & complicat$ process--"o :i* is1 moreov]1 n only ext5d$ & complicat$1 b :i* is compos$ ( elem5ts all ( :i* are entirely new to him4 ,if ! "m1 h[ev]1 %\ld act on ! pr9ciple ( communicat+ z small a portion ( ! in=mation requir$ z x is possible to give 9 "o answ]1 ,johnny's inquiry w\ld lead1 probably1 to a conv]sation some:at l ! foll[+1 ! answ]s on ! "p ( ! "m be+ s %ort & simple z to require no p]ceptible ?\ght on h] "p1 & s occasion+ no s]i\s int]ruption to h] "w1 unless x %\ld be some?+ requir+ special att5tion4 ,"m1 asks ,johnny1 :at makes x sn[8 ,x is ! sn[-flakes com+ d[n out ( ! sky1 says 8 "m4 ,wat* !m6 ,oh6 says ,johnny1 utt]+ ! *ild's little exclamation ( satisfaction4 ,he looks at ! flakes z !y fall1 cat*+ "o aft] ano!r ) 8 eye1 & foll[+ x 9 its me&]+ desc5t4 ,he w1 p]haps1 occupy himself sev]al m9utes 9 sil5ce & pr(\nd att5tion1 9 br++ fully to 8 m9d ! idea t a sn[-/orm consi/s ( a mass ( desc5d+ flakes ( sn[ fall+ ?r\gh ! air4 ,to u1 :o are famili> ) ?is fact1 x seems no?+ to obs]ve ?is1 b to him ! analyz+ ( ! ph5om5on1 :i* be=e he _h look$ ^u z "o gr& spectacle fill+ ! :ole sky1 & only mak+ an impression on 8 m9d by its g5]al effect1 & resolv+ x into its elem5tal p>ts ( individual flakes flutt]+ d[n ?r\gh ! air1 is a great /ep4 ,x is a /ep :i* ex]cises 8 nasc5t p[]s ( obs]vation & reflection v deeply1 & gives him full occupation = q a little int]val ( "t4 ,at l5g?1 :5 he has famili>iz$ himself ) ?is idea1 he asks aga91 p]haps1 ,:]e d ! flakes come f1 "m8 ,out ( ! sky4 ,oh6 says ,johnny aga91 = ! mom5t entirely satisfi$4 ,"o might at fir/ ?9k t ^! words w\ld be almo/ unmean+1 or1 at lea/1 t !y w\ld give ! little que/ion] no real in=mation4 ,b !y d give him in=mation t is bo? important & novel4 ,!y advance him "o /ep 9 8 inquiry4 ,out ( ! sky means1 to him1 f a great height4 ,! words give him to und]/& t ! flakes are n =m$ :]e !y fir/ come into 8 view1 b t !y desc5d f a high] region4 ,aft] reflect+ on ?is idea a mom5t1 he asks1 we w suppose1 ,h[ high 9 ! sky1 "m8 ,n[1 p]haps1 a "m might ?9k t !re 0 no possible answ] to be giv5 to su* a "q z ?is except t %e does n "k2 inasmu* z few p]sons h any accurate ideas ( ! elevation 9 ! atmosph]e at :i* sn[-cl\ds usually =m4 ,b ?is accurate in=mation is n :at ! *ild requires4 ,if ! "m possess$ x1 x w\ld be useless = h] to attempt to communicate x to him4 ,9 ! s5se 9 :i* he asks ! "q %e does und]/& x1 & c give him a p]fectly satisfactory answ]4 ,h[ high is x 9 ! sky1 "m1 to :]e ! sn[ comes f8 asks ! *ild4 ,oh1 v high--high] ?an ! top ( ! h\se1 replies ! "m4 ,z high z ! top ( ! *imney8 ,yes1 high] ?an t4 ,z high z ! moon8 ,no1 n s high z ! moon4 ,h[ high is x !n1 "m8 ,ab\t z high z birds c fly4 ,oh6 says ,johnny1 p]fectly satisfi$4 ,! answ] is some:at indef9ite1 x is true1 b its indef9it5ess is ! *ief elem5t 9 ! value ( x4 ,a def9ite & precise answ]1 ev5 if "o ( t "* 7 ready at h&1 w\ld be utt]ly inappropriate to ! occasion4 ,an ,answ] may ev5 be good :i* gives no ,in=mation at all4 #d4 ,x is n ev5 always necess>y t an answ] to a *ild's "q %\ld convey any in=mation at all4 ,a little conv]sation on ! subject ( ! inquiry1 giv+ ! *ild an opportunity to he> & to use language 9 respect to x1 is (t5 all t is requir$4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! p[] to express ?\ghts1 or to repres5t ext]nal objects by language1 is a new p[] to "y *ildr51 &1 l all o!r new p[]s1 ! m]e ex]cise ( x gives great pleasure4 ,if a p]son 9 full heal? & vigor 7 sudd5ly to acquire ! art ( fly+1 he w\ld take great pleasure 9 mov+1 by means ( 8 w+s1 ?r\gh ! air f "o high po9t to ano!r1 n because he _h any object 9 visit+ ^? high po9ts1 b because x w\ld give him pleasure to f9d t he c\ld d s1 & to ex]cise 8 newly acquir$ p[]4 ,s ) *ildr5 9 _! talk4 ,!y talk (t51 p]haps g5]ally1 = ! sake ( ! pleasure ( talk+1 n = ! sake ( :at !y h to say4 ,s1 if y w only talk ) !m & all[ !m to talk to y ab\t any ?+ t int]e/s !m1 !y are pleas$1 :e!r y communicate to !m any new in=mation or n4 ,?is s+le ?\ght1 once fully und]/ood by a "m1 w save h] a great deal ( tr\ble 9 answ]+ ! incessant que/ions ( h] *ildr54 ,! only ess5tial ?+ 9 _m cases is to say some?+ 9 reply to ! "q1 no matt] :e!r :at y say communicates any in=mation or n4 ,if a *ild asks1 = in/ance1 :at makes ! />s %9e s1 & 8 "m answ]s1 ,because !y are s bright1 he w be v likely to be z well satisfi$ z if %e attempt$ to give a philosophical explanation ( ! ph5om5on4 ,s1 if he asks :at makes him see himself 9 ! look+-glass1 %e may answ]1 ,y see an image ( y\rself !re4 ,!y call x an image4 ,hold up a book & see if y c see an image ( t 9 ! glass too4 ,he is pleas$ & satisfi$4 ,nor are su* answ]s useless1 z might at fir/ be suppos$4 ,!y give ! *ild practice 9 ! use ( language1 &1 if prop]ly manag$1 !y may be made ! means ( greatly ext5d+ 8 k ( language &1 by necess>y consequ5ce1 ( ! ideas & realities :i* language repres5ts4 ,fa!r1 says ,m>y1 z %e is walk+ ) h] fa!r 9 ! g>d51 :at makes "s roses :ite & "s r$8 ,x is v curi\s1 is x n8 says h] fa!r4 ,yes1 fa!r1 x is v curi\s inde$4 ,:at makes x s8 ,!re mu/ be "s cause = x says h] fa!r4 ,& ! apples t gr[ on "s trees are sweet1 & on o!rs !y are s\r4 ,t is curi\s too4 ,yes1 v curi\s inde$1 says ,m>y4 ,! leaves ( trees seem to be always gre51 cont9ues h] fa!r1 ?\gh ! fl[]s are ( v>i\s colors4 ,yes1 fa!r1 says ,m>y4 ,except1 adds h] fa!r1 :5 !y turn yell[1 & r$1 & br[n1 9 ! fall ( ! ye>4 ,a conv]sation l ?is1 )\t attempt+ any ?+ l an answ] to ! "q ) :i* x comm5c$1 is z satisfactory to ! *ild1 & p]haps z useful 9 develop+ its p[]s & increas+ its k ( language1 z any attempt to expla9 ! ph5om5on w\ld be2 & ! k ( ?is w make x easy = ! "m to dispose ( _m a "q :i* might s]i\sly int]rupt h] if %e conceiv$ x necess>y ei!r to attempt a satisfactory explanation ( ! difficulty1 or n to answ] x at all4 ,be always ready to say ,i don't "k4 #e4 ,! "m %\ld be always ready & will+ to say ,i don't "k1 9 answ] to *ildr5's que/ions4 ,p>5ts & tea*]s are v (t5 some:at av]se to ?is1 le/1 by (t5 confess+ _! own ignorance1 !y %\ld l[] !mselves 9 ! e/imation ( _! pupils or _! *ildr54 ,s !y feel b\nd to give "s k9d ( an explanation to e difficulty1 9 hopes t x may satisfy ! inquir]1 ?\gh x does n satisfy !mselves4 ,b ?is is a great mi/ake4 ,! soon] t pupils & *ildr5 und]/& t ! field ( k is utt]ly b\ndless1 & t x is only a v small portion ( x t _! sup]iors 9 age & atta9m5t h yet explor$1 ! bett] = all conc]n$4 ,! k9d ( sup]iority1 9 ! e/imation ( *ildr51 :i* x is *iefly desirable to atta91 consi/s 9 _! always f9d+ t ! explanation :i* we give1 :5ev] we attempt any1 is cle>1 fair1 & satisfactory1 n 9 our be+ always ready to (f] an explanation1 :e!r satisfactory or n4 ,que/ions on ,religi\s ,subjects4 ,! consid]ations pres5t$ 9 ?is *apt] relate *iefly to ! que/ions :i* *ildr5 ask 9 respect to :at !y obs]ve tak+ place ar\nd !m 9 ext]nal nature4 ,!re is ano!r class ( que/ions & difficulties :i* !y raise--namely1 ^? t relate to religi\s & moral subjects2 & to ^! ,i h n int5d$ n[ to ref]4 ,! inquiries :i* *ildr5 make on ^! subjects arise1 9 a great measure1 f ! false & pu]ile conceptions :i* !y are s apt to =m 9 respect to spiritual ?+s1 & f :i* !y d$uce all sorts ( absurdities4 ,! false conceptions 9 :i* _! difficulties orig9ate are due p>tly to errors & imp]fections 9 our modes ( tea*+ !m on ^! subjects1 & p>tly to ! immaturity ( _! p[]s1 :i* incapacitates !m f cle>ly compreh5d+ any elem5ts ( ?\ght t lie beyond ! direct cognizance ( ! s5ses4 ,we %all1 h[ev]1 h occasion to ref] to ?is subject 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,9 respect1 h[ev]1 to all t class ( que/ions :i* *ildr5 ask 9 relation to ! visible _w ar\nd !m1 ! pr9ciples "h expla9$ may r5d] ! "m "s aid 9 h] int]c\rse ) ! little le>n]s "u h] *>ge1 if %e cle>ly und]/&s & intellig5tly applies !m4 ,& %e w f9d ! practice ( hold+ frequ5t conv]sations ) !m1 9 ^! ways1 a s\rce ( great pleasure to h]1 z well z ( unspeakable advantage to !m4 ,inde$1 ! conv]sation ( a k9d & intellig5t "m is f> ! mo/ valuable & important means ( education = a *ild dur+ _m ye>s ( its e>ly life4 ,a boy ^: "m is pleas$ to h him ne> h]1 :o likes to he> & answ] 8 que/ions1 to wat* ! gradual developm5t ( 8 ?9k+ & reason+ p[]s1 & to enl>ge & ext5d 8 k ( language--?us necess>ily & ( c\rse exp&+ ! range & scope ( 8 ideas--w f9d t ?\gh 8 /udies1 /rictly s call$--t is1 8 le>n+ to read1 & ! committ+ to memory lessons f books--may be def]r$1 yet1 :5 he f9ally comm5ces !m he w g at once to ! head ( 8 classes at s*ool1 ?r\gh ! sup]ior /r5g? & ampl] developm5t :i* 8 m5tal p[]s w h atta9$4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,money4 ,! money "q 9 ! managem5t & tra9+ ( *ildr5 has a di/9ct be>+ on ! subjects ( "s ( ! prec$+ *apt]s4 ,x is extremely important1 fir/1 9 respect to opportunities :i* are af=d$ 9 connection ) ! use ( money = cultivat+ & develop+ ! qualities ( s\nd judgm5t & ( practical wisdom2 & !n1 9 ! second place1 ! true c\rse to be pursu$ ) !m 9 respect to money =ms a special po9t to be consid]$ 9 its be>+ ^u ! subject ( ! prop] mode ( deal+ ) _! wi%es & reque/s4 ,evil ,results ( a v ,common ,me?od4 ,if a p>5t wi%es to eradicate f ! m9d ( 8 boy all feel+s ( delicacy & manly pride1 to tra9 him to ! habit ( obta9+ :at he wants by importunity or s]vility1 & to prev5t 8 hav+ any means ( acquir+ any practical k ( ! "r use ( money1 any pr9ciples ( economy1 or any ( t =e?\ght & ?rift s ess5tial to sure prosp]ity 9 future life1 ! be/ way to accompli% ^! ends w\ld seem to be to h no sy/em 9 supply+ him ) money 9 8 boyi% days1 b to give x to him only :5 he asks = x1 & 9 quantities det]m9$ only by ! frequ5cy & importunity ( 8 calls4 ,( c\rse "u su* a sy/em ! boy has no inducem5t to take c>e ( 8 money1 to =m any plans ( exp5diture1 to make any calculations1 to practise self-d5ial to-day = ! sake ( a great] good to-morr[4 ,! s\rce ( supply f :i* he draws money1 fitful & unc]ta9 z x may be 9 :at x yields to him1 he consid]s unlimit$2 & z ! am\nt :i* he c draw f x does n dep5d at all ^u 8 frugality1 8 =esight1 or ^u any incipi5t f9ancial skill t he may ex]cise1 b solely ^u 8 adroitness 9 coax+1 or 8 p]si/5ce 9 importunity1 x is ! gr\p ( bad qualities1 & n ! good1 :i* su* managem5t t5ds to fo/]4 ,! effect ( su* a sy/em is1 9 o!r words1 n to enc\rage ! developm5t & gr[? ( ^? qualities on :i* ?rift & =eh&$ness 9 ! managem5t ( 8 affairs 9 future life1 &1 9 consequ5ce1 8 success & prosp]ity1 dep5d2 b1 on ! contr>y1 to *]i% ! gr[? ( all ! mean & ignoble prop5sities ( human nature by accu/om+ him1 s f> z relates to ?is subject1 to ga9 8 ends by ! arts ( a sycophant1 or by rude p]t9acity4 ,n t ?is sy/em always produces ^! results4 ,x may be1 & p]haps g5]ally is1 greatly modifi$ by o!r influ5ces act+ ^u ! m9d ( ! *ild at ! same "t1 z well z by ! natural t5d5cies ( ! boy's "*1 & by ! "* & g5]al influ5ce ^u him ( 8 fa!r & "m 9 o!r respects4 ,x c n be d5i$1 h[ev]1 t ! above is ! t5d5cy ( a sy/em :i* makes a boy's income ( sp5d+-money a matt] ( m]e *ance1 on :i* no calculations c be f\nd$1 except s f> z he c increase x by adroit manoeuvr+ or by ask+ = x directly1 ) m or less ( urg5cy or p]si/5ce1 z ! case may require2 t is to say1 by precisely ^? means :i* are ! mo/ ignoble & mo/ g5]ally despis$ by honorably-m9d$ m5 z means = ! atta9m5t ( any human end4 ,n[ "o ( ! mo/ important p>ts ( ! education ( bo? girls & boys1 :e!r !y are to inh]it ri*es1 or to enjoy a mod]ate income f ! fruits ( _! own indu/ry1 or to sp5d _! lives 9 extreme pov]ty1 is to tea* !m ! prop] managem5t & use ( money4 ,& ?is may be v effectually done by giv+ !m a fix$ & def9ite income to manage1 & !n ?r[+ ^u !m ! responsibility ( ! managem5t ( x1 ) su* a degree ( guidance1 enc\ragem5t1 & aid z a p>5t c easily r5d]4 ,objection to ! ,plan ( a regul> ,all[ance4 ,!re are no p>5ts among ^? :o w be likely to read ?is book ( res\rces s limit$ t !y w n1 f "t to "t1 all[ _! *ildr5 "s am\nt ( sp5d+-money 9 a ye>4 ,all t is necess>y1 !re=e1 is to appropriate to !m ?is am\nt & pay x to !m1 or cr$it !m ) x1 9 a bus9ess-l & regul> mann]4 ,x is true t by ?is sy/em ! *ildr5 w soon beg9 to reg>d _! mon?ly or weekly all[ance z _! due2 & ! p>5t w lose ! pleasure1 if x is any pleasure to him or h]1 ( hav+ ! money :i* !y give !m reg>d$ 9 ea* case z a pres5t1 & receiv$ ) a s5se ( obligation4 ,?is is sometimes consid]$ an objection to ?is plan4 ,:5 ,i furni% my *ildr5 ) money1 says ! p>5t1 z a gratification1 ,i wi% to h ! pleasure ( giv+ x to !m4 ,:]eas1 on ?is propos$ plan ( pay+ x to !m regul>ly at /at$ int]vals1 !y w come to consid] ea* paym5t z simply ! paym5t ( a debt4 ,i wi% !m to consid] x z a gratuity on my "p1 s t x may awak5 gratitude & r5ew _! love = me4 ,!re is "s seem+ =ce 9 ?is objection1 ?\gh x is true t ! adoption ( ! plan ( a sy/ematic appropriation1 z "h recomm5d$1 does n prev5t ! mak+ ( pres5ts ( money1 or ( any ?+ else1 to ! *ildr51 :5ev] ei!r p>5t desires to d s4 ,/ill ! plan w n g5]ally be adopt$1 except by p>5ts 9 ^: m9ds ! lay+ ( p]man5t f\ndations = _! *ildr5's welf>e & happ9ess ?r\gh life1 by tra9+ !m f _! e>lie/ ye>s to habits ( =eca/ & ?rift1 & ! ex]cise ( judgm5t & skill 9 ! managem5t ( money1 is entirely p>am\nt to any petty s5tim5tal gratification to !mselves1 :ile ! *ildr5 are "y4 ,two ,me?ods4 ,9 case ! p>5t--x may be ei!r ! fa!r or ! "m--decides to adopt ! plan ( appropriat+ sy/ematically & regul>ly a c]ta9 sum to be at ! disposal ( ! *ild1 !re are two modes by :i* ! bus9ess may be transact$--"o by pay+ ov] ! money itself 9 ! am\nts & at ! /at$ p]iods det]m9$ ^u1 & ! o!r by op5+ an acc\nt ) ! *ild1 & giv+ him cr$it f "t to "t = ! am\nt due1 *>g+ on ! o!r side ! am\nts :i* he draws4 #a4 ,pay+ ! money4 ,?is is ! simple/ plan4 ,if x is adopt$1 ! money mu/ be ready & be paid at ! appo9t$ "t ) ! utmo/ exactitude & c]ta9ty4 ,hav+ made ! arrangem5t ) a *ild t he is to h a c]ta9 sum--six c5ts1 twelve c5ts1 tw5ty-five c5ts1 or m1 z ! case may be--e ,saturday night1 ! "m--if x is ! "m :o has *>ge ( ! execution ( ! plan--mu/ consid] x a sacr$ debt1 & mu/ be always ready4 ,%e c n expect t h] *ildr5 w le>n regul>ity1 punctuality1 & sy/em 9 ! managem5t ( _! money affairs1 if %e sets !m ! example ( laxity & =getfulness 9 fulfill+ h] engagem5ts1 & (f]+ excuses = non-paym5t :5 ! "t comes1 in/ead ( hav+ ! money ready :5 x is due4 ,! money1 :5 paid1 %\ld n1 9 g5]al1 be c>ri$ by ! *ildr5 ab\t ! p]son1 b !y %\ld be provid$ ) a purse or o!r safe receptacle1 :i*1 h[ev]1 %\ld be entirely 9 _! cu/ody1 & s expos$ to all ! accid5ts to :i* any c>elessness 9 ! cu/ody w\ld expose x4 ,! "m mu/ rememb] t ! v object ( ! plan is to h ! *ildr5 le>n by exp]i5ce to take c>e ( money !mselves1 & t %e defeats t object by virtually reliev+ !m ( ?is c>e4 ,x %\ld1 !re=e1 be paid to !m ) ! greate/ punctuality1 especially at ! fir/ introduction ( ! sy/em1 & ) ! di/9ct und]/&+ t ! *>ge & c>e ( keep+ x devolves entirely ^u !m f ! "t ( its pass+ into _! h&s4 #b4 ,op5+ an acc\nt4 ,! second plan1 & "o t w prove mu* ! mo/ satisfactory 9 its work+--?\gh _m mo!rs w %r9k f x on ! gr\nd t x w\ld make !m a great deal ( tr\ble--is to keep an acc\nt4 ,= ?is purpose a small book %\ld be made1 ) z _m leaves z !re are *ildr51 s t = ea* acc\nt !re c be two pages4 ,! book %\ld be rul$ = acc\nts1 & ! "n ( ea* *ild %\ld be ent]$ at ! head ( ! two pages appropriat$ to 8 acc\nt4 ,!n1 f "t to "t1 ! am\nt ( 8 all[ance t has fall5 due %\ld be ent]$ on ! cr$it side1 & any paym5t made to him on ! o!r4 ,! plan ( keep+ an acc\nt 9 ?is way obviates ! necessity ( pay+ money at /at$ times1 = ! acc\nt w %[ at any "t h[ mu* is due4 ,!re are "s advantages 9 ea* ( ^! modes4 ,mu* dep5ds on ! age ( ! *ildr51 & /ill m ^u ! facilities :i* ! fa!r or "m h at h& = mak+ entries 9 writ+4 ,to a man ( bus9ess1 accu/om$ to acc\nts1 :o c\ld h a book made small en\gh to g into 8 wallet1 or to a "m :o is sy/ematic 9 h] habits1 & has 9 h] "w-table or h] secret>y facilities = writ+ at any "t1 ! plan ( op5+ an acc\nt w be f\nd mu* ! be/4 ,x w af=d an opportunity ( giv+ ! *ildr5 a great deal ( useful k 9 respect to acc\nt-keep+--or1 r1 by habituat+ !m f an e>ly age to ! managem5t ( _! affairs 9 ?is sy/ematic mann]1 w tra9 !m f ! beg9n+ to habits ( sy/em & exactness4 ,a v p]ceptible effect 9 ?is direction w be produc$ on ! m9ds ( *ildr51 ev5 :ile !y h n yet le>n$ to read1 & s c n und]/& at all ! writt5 record made ( _! pecuni>y transactions4 ,!y w1 at any rate1 und]/& t a writt5 record is made2 !y w take a c]ta9 pride & pleasure 9 x1 & impressions w be produc$ :i* may h an effect ^u _! habits ( accuracy & sy/em 9 _! pecuni>y transactions ?r\gh all future life4 ,int]e/ on ,balances4 ,"o great advantage ( ! plan ( hav+ an acc\nt ov] t ( pay+ ca% at /at$ times is1 t x af=ds an opportunity = ! fa!r or "m to all[ int]e/ = any balances left f "t to "t 9 _! h&s1 s z to initiate ! *ildr5 into a k ( ! nature & ! advantages ( productive inve/m5ts1 & famili>ize !m ) ! idea t money res]v$ has )9 x a pr9ciple ( increase4 ,! int]e/ all[$ %\ld be altoge!r great] ?an ! regul> rate1 s z to make ! advantage ( x 9 ! case ( su* small sums appreciable to ! *ildr5--b n too great4 ,"s judgm5t & discretion mu/ be ex]cis$ on ?is z on all o!r po9ts connect$ ) ! sy/em4 ,! arrangem5ts = ! keep+ ( an acc\nt be+ made1 & ! acc\nt op5$1 !re is1 ( c\rse1 no necessity1 z 9 ! case ( paym5ts made simply 9 ca%1 t ! bus9ess %\ld be transact$ at /at$ times4 ,at any "t :5 conv5i5t1 ! entry may be made ( ! am\nt :i* has become due s9ce ! "t ( ! la/ entry4 ,& :51 f "t to "t1 ! *ild wi%es = money1 ! p>5t w look at 8 acc\nt & see if !re is a balance to 8 cr$it4 ,if !re is1 ! *ild w be entitl$ to receive :atev] he desires up to ! am\nt ( ! balance4 ,once 9 a mon?1 or at any o!r times :5 conv5i5t1 ! acc\nt c be settl$1 & ! balance1 ) ! accru$ int]e/1 c>ri$ to a new acc\nt4 ,all ?is1 in/ead ( be+ a tr\ble1 w only be a s\rce ( int]e/ & pleasure to ! p>5t1 z well z to ! *ildr5 !mselves1 &1 )\t occupy+ any s5sible portion ( "t1 w be ! means ( gradually communicat+ a great deal ( v useful in/ruction4 ,employm5t ( ! ,money4 ,x w h a great effect 9 tra9+ up *ildr5 9 ! way 9 :i* !y %\ld g1 9 respect to ! employm5t ( money1 if a rule is made = !m t a c]ta9 portion1 "o-qu>t] or "o-half1 = example1 ( all ! money :i* comes into _! possession1 bo? f _! regul> all[ance & f gratuities1 is to be laid aside z a p]man5t inve/m5t1 & an acc\nt at "s ,sav+s ,bank be op5$1 or "s o!r =mal mode ( plac+ x be adopt$--! bank-book or o!r docum5t>y evid5ce ( ! am\nt s laid up to be deposit$ among ! *ild's treasures4 ,9 respect to ! o!r portion ( ! money--namely1 t :i* is to be employ$ by ! *ildr5 !mselves z sp5d+-money1 ! disbursem5t ( x %\ld be left entirely at _! discretion1 subject only to ! re/riction t !y are n to buy any ?+ t w be injuri\s or dang]\s to !mselves1 or a means ( di/urbance or annoyance to o!rs4 ,! "m may give !m any in=mation or any c\nsel 9 reg>d to ! employm5t ( _! money1 provid$ %e does n d x 9 ! =m ( express+ any wi%1 on h] "p1 9 reg>d to x4 ,= ! v object ( ! :ole plan is to br+ out into action1 & ?us to develop & /r5g!n1 ! judgm5t & discretion ( ! *ild2 & j z *ildr5 c n le>n to walk by always be+ c>ri$1 s !y c n le>n to be good manag]s )\t hav+ ! responsibility ( actual managem5t1 on a scale adapt$ to _! ye>s1 ?r[n really ^u !m4 ,if a boy wi%es to buy a b[ & arr[1 x may 9 "s cases be "r n to give him p]mission to d x1 on acc\nt ( ! dang] accompany+ ! use ( su* a play?+4 ,b if he wi%es to buy a kite :i* ! "m is satisfi$ is too l>ge = him to manage1 or if %e ?9ks !re are s _m trees ab\t ! h\se t he c n prev5t its gett+ entangl$ 9 !m1 %e mu/ n object to x on t acc\nt4 ,%e c expla9 ^! dang]s to ! boy1 if he is incl9$ to li/51 b n 9 a way to %[ t %e h]self wi%es him n to buy ! kite4 ,^? are ! difficulties :i* y may meet )1 %e may say1 b y may buy ! kite if y ?9k be/4 ,!n :5 he meets ) ! difficulties1 :5 he f9ds t he c n manage ! kite1 or t he loses x among ! trees1 %e mu/ n triumph ov] him1 & say1 ,i told y h[ x w\ld be4 ,y w\ld n take my advice1 & n[ y see h[ x is4 ,on ! contr>y1 %e mu/ help him1 & try to alleviate 8 disappo9tm5t1 say+1 ,nev] m9d4 ,x is a loss1 c]ta9ly4 ,b y did :at y ?\ght 0 be/ at ! "t1 & we all meet ) losses sometimes1 ev5 :5 we h done :at we ?\ght 0 be/4 ,y w make a great _m o!r mi/akes1 probably1 h]eaft] 9 sp5d+ money1 & meet ) losses2 & ?is "o w give y an opportunity ( le>n+ to be> !m l a man4 ,! mo/ implicit ,fai? to be kept ) ,*ildr5 9 ,money ,transactions4 ,i w n say t a fa!r1 if he is a man ( bus9ess1 ought to be z jeal\s ( 8 cr$it ) 8 *ildr5 z he is ( 8 cr$it at ! bank2 b ,i ?9k1 if he takes a "r view ( ! subject1 he w be extremely s5sitive 9 respect to bo?4 ,if he is a man ( high & honorable s5tim5ts1 & especially if he looks =w>d to future ye>s :5 8 *ildr5 %all h arriv$ at maturity1 or %all be approa*+ t[>ds x1 & sees h[ important & h[ delicate ! pecuni>y relations betwe5 himself & !m may be at t "t1 he w feel ! importance ( beg9n+ by e/abli%+1 at ! v comm5cem5t1 n only by means ( precept1 b by example1 a habit ( precise1 sy/ematic1 & scrupul\s exactitude 9 ! fulfillm5t ( e pecuni>y obligation4 ,x is n necess>y t he %\ld d any ?+ mean or small 9 8 deal+s ) !m 9 ord] to accompli% ?is end4 ,he may be z lib]al & z g5]\s ) !m 9 _m ways z he pleases1 b he mu/ keep 8 acc\nts ) !m correctly4 ,he mu/ always1 )\t any demurr+ or any excuse1 be ready to fulfill 8 engagem5ts1 & tea* !m to fulfill !irs4 ,possible ,range ( ,transactions betwe5 ,p>5ts & ,*ildr54 ,! p>5t1 aft] hav+ initiat$ 8 *ildr5 into ! regul> transaction ( bus9ess by 8 mode ( manag+ _! all[ance-fund1 may v advantage\sly ext5d ! b5efits ( ! sy/em by engag+ ) !m f "t to "t 9 o!r affairs1 to be regulat$ 9 a bus9ess-l & sy/ematic mann]4 ,= example1 if "o ( 8 boys has be5 res]v+ a portion ( 8 sp5d+-money z a wat*-fund1 & has already half en\gh = ! pur*ase1 ! fa!r may (f] to l5d him ! balance & take a mortgage ( ! wat*1 to /& until ! boy %all h tak5 x up out ( future sav+s2 & he c make out a mortgage-de$ express+ 9 a few & simple words ! fact t ! wat* is pl$g$ to him z security = ! sum advanc$1 & is n to become ! absolute prop]ty ( ! boy till ! money = :i* x is pl$g$ is paid4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ye>s1 a great numb] ( transactions 9 ?is way may take place betwe5 ! fa!r or "m & _! boy1 ea* ( :i* w n only be a s\rce ( int]e/ & enjoym5t to bo? p>ties1 b w af=d ! be/ possible means ( imp>t+1 n only to ! *ild directly int]e/$ 9 !m1 b to ! o!r *ildr51 a practical k ( f9ancial transactions1 & ( =m+ 9 !m ! habit ( conduct+ all _! affairs 9 a sy/ematic & bus9ess-l mann]4 ,! numb] & v>iety ( su* transactions 9 :i* ! modes ( do+ bus9ess among m5 may be imitat$ ) *ildr51 greatly to _! enjoym5t & int]e/1 is endless4 ,i c\ld cite an in/ance :5 :at 0 call$ a bank 0 9 op]ation = _m ye>s among a c]ta9 numb] ( *ildr51 ) excell5t effect4 ,"o 0 appo9t$ presid5t1 ano!r ca%i]1 ano!r pay+-tell]4 ,!re 0 a l$g] "u ! *>ge ( ! ca%i]1 ) a li/ ( /ockhold]s1 & ! numb] ( %>es held by ea*1 :i* 0 9 proportion to ! respective ages ( ! *ildr54 ,! bank build+ 0 a little toy secret>y1 some?+ 9 ! =m ( a safe1 into :i* !re my/]i\sly appe>$1 f "t to "t1 small sums ( money2 ! /ockhold]s be+ z ignorant ( ! s\rce f :i* ! pr(its ( ! bank 7 d]iv$ z mo/ /ockhold]s probably are 9 ! case ( l>g] & m s]i\s in/itutions4 ,once 9 six mon?s1 or at o!r p]iods1 ! money 0 c\nt$1 a divid5d 0 decl>$1 & ! /ockhold]s 7 paid 9 a regul> & bus9ess-l mann]4 ,! effect ( su* me?ods z ^! is n only to make ! ye>s ( *ildhood pass m pleasantly1 b also to prep>e !m to ent]1 :5 ! "t comes1 ^u ! s]i\s bus9ess ( life ) "s consid]able portion ( t practical wisdom 9 ! managem5t ( money :i* is (t51 :5 x is def]r$ to a lat] p]iod1 acquir$ only by bitt] exp]i5ce & ?r\gh mu* suff]+4 ,inde$1 any p>5t :o appreciates & fully ent]s into ! views pres5t$ 9 ?is *apt] w f9d1 9 ord9>y cases1 t 8 *ildr5 make s mu* progress 9 bus9ess capacity t he c ext5d ! sy/em s z to embrace subjects ( real & s]i\s importance be=e ! *ildr5 arrive at maturity4 ,a boy1 = in/ance1 :o has be5 tra9$ 9 ?is way w be f\nd compet5t1 by ! "t t he is t5 or twelve ye>s old1 to take ! contract = furni%+ himself ) caps1 or boots & %oes1 &1 a few ye>s lat]1 ) all 8 clo?+1 at a specifi$ annual sum4 ,! sum fix$ ^u 9 ! case ( caps1 = example1 %\ld be int]m$iate betwe5 t :i* ! caps ( a boy ( ord9>y he$lessness w\ld co/1 & t :i* w\ld be suffici5t ) special c>e1 s t bo? ! fa!r & ! son c\ld make money1 z x 71 by ! transaction4 ,( c\rse1 to manage su* a sy/em successfully1 s t x c\ld aft]w>ds be ext5d$ to o!r classes ( exp5ses1 requires tact1 skill1 sy/em1 pati5ce1 & /ead9ess on ! "p ( ! fa!r or "m :o %\ld attempt x2 b :5 ! p>5t possesses ^! qualities1 ! "t & att5tion t w\ld be requir$ w\ld be z no?+ comp>$ ) ! tr\ble1 ! vexation1 ! endless dissatisfaction on bo? sides1 t att5d ^u ! ord9>y me?ods ( supply+ *ildr5's wants--to say no?+ ( ! incalculable b5efit to ! boy himself ( su* a tra9+1 z a "p ( 8 prep>ation = future life4 ,evil ,results to be fe>$4 ,nor is x m]ely ^u ! *ildr5 !mselves1 & t aft] !y ent] ^u ! responsibilities ( active life1 t ! evils result+ f _! hav+ _h no practical tra9+ 9 y\? 9 respect to pecuni>y responsibilities & obligations1 t evil consequ5ces w fall4 ,! great cities are full ( weal?y m5 ^: lives are r5d]$ mis]able by ! recklessness 9 respect to money :i* is display$ by _! sons & daught]s z !y advance t[>ds maturity1 & by ! utt] want1 on _! "p1 ( all s5se ( delicacy1 & ( obligation or ( responsibility ( any k9d t[>ds _! p>5ts 9 respect to _! pecuni>y transactions4 ,( c\rse ?is mu/1 9 a va/ numb] ( cases1 be ! result :5 ! boy is br\ght up f infancy ) ! idea t ! only limit to 8 supply ( money is 8 +5uity 9 devis+ modes ( putt+ a pressure ^u 8 fa!r4 ,fifte5 or tw5ty ye>s sp5t 9 manag+ 8 affairs on ?is pr9ciple mu/1 ( c\rse1 produce ! fruit naturally to be expect$ f su* se$4 ,! great ,difficulty4 ,x w\ld seem1 p]haps1 at fir/ view1 f :at has be5 said 9 ?is *apt]1 t x w\ld be a v simple & easy ?+ to tra9 up *ildr5 ?us to correct ideas & habits 9 respect to ! use ( money2 & x w\ld be s--= ! pr9ciples involv$ seem to be v pla9 & simple--7 x n t ! qualities :i* x requires 9 ! p>5t are j ^? :i* are mo/ r>e4 ,delib]at5ess 9 =m+ ! plan1 calmness & quietness 9 propos+ x1 inflexible b mild & g5tle firmness 9 c>ry+ x out1 p]fect hone/y 9 all[+ ! *ildr5 to ex]cise ! p[] & responsibility promis$ !m1 & an indulg5t _s 9 relation to ! faults & errors into :i* !y fall 9 ! ex]cise ( x--^! & o!r su* qualities are n v easily f\nd4 ,to make an arrangem5t ) a *ild t he is to receive a c]ta9 sum e ,saturday1 & !n aft] two or ?ree weeks to =get x1 & :5 ! boy comes to call = x1 to say1 petulantly1 ,oh1 don't come to bo!r me ab\t t n[--,i am busy2 & besides1 ,i h n got ! money n[2 or1 :5 a boy has sp5t all 8 all[ance on ! fir/ two or ?ree days ( ! week1 & comes to beg importunately = m1 to say1 ,x 0 v wrong 9 y to sp5d all y\r money at once1 & ,i h a great m9d n to give y any m4 ,i w1 h[ev]1 d x j ?is "t1 b ,i %all n aga91 y may dep5d2 or1 to borr[ money 9 "s sudd5 em]g5cy out ( ! fund :i* a *ild has accumulat$ = a special purpose1 & !n to =get or neglect to repay x--to manage loosely & caprici\sly 9 any su* ways z ^! w be sure to make ! attempt a total failure2 t is to say1 su* managem5t w be sure to be a failure 9 respect to tea*+ ! boy to act on "r pr9ciples 9 ! managem5t ( money1 & tra9+ him to habits ( exactness & fai?fulness 9 ! fulfillm5t ( 8 obligations4 ,b 9 mak+ him a ?\ghtless1 wa/eful1 teas+1 & selfi% boy :ile he rema9s a boy1 & fix+ him1 :5 he comes to manhood1 9 ! class ( ^? :o are utt]ly untru/wor?y1 fai?less 9 ! p]=mance ( _! promises1 & :olly unscrupul\s 9 respect to ! means by :i* !y obta9 money1 x may v probably turn out to be a spl5did success4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,corporal ,,puni%m5t4 ,x might1 p]haps1 be ?\ght t1 9 a book :i* pr(esses to %[ h[ an effici5t gov]nm5t c be e/abli%$ & ma9ta9$ by g5tle measures1 ! subject ( corporal puni%m5t c\ld h no place4 ,x seems important1 h[ev]1 t !re %\ld be "h introduc$ a brief ?\gh di/9ct pres5tation ( ! light 9 :i*1 9 a philosophical po9t ( view1 ?is in/rum5tality is to be reg>d$4 ,! ,tea*+s ( ,scripture4 ,! resort to corporal puni%m5t 9 ! tra9+ ( *ildr5 seems to be spok5 ( 9 _m passages conta9$ 9 ! ,scriptures z ( fundam5tal necessity4 ,b !re c be no d\bt t ! ^w rod1 z us$ 9 ^? passages1 is us$ simply z ! emblem ( p>5tal au?ority4 ,?is is 9 accordance ) ! ord9>y cu/om ( ,hebrew writ]s 9 ^? days1 & ) ! idiom ( _! language1 by :i* a s+le visible or tangible object 0 employ$ z ! repres5tative or expression ( a g5]al idea--z1 = example1 ! sword is us$ z ! emblem ( magi/]ial au?ority1 & ! sun & ! ra91 :i* are spok5 ( z be+ s5t ) _! g5ial & f]tiliz+ p[] ^u ! evil & ! good1 d5ote n specially & exclusively ^? ag5cies1 b all ! b5efic5t influ5ces ( nature :i* !y are employ$ to repres5t4 ,! injunctions1 !re=e1 ( ,solomon 9 respect to ! use ( ! rod are und\bt$ly to be und]/ood z simply enjo9+ ^u p>5ts ! necessity ( br++ up _! *ildr5 9 complete subjection to _! au?ority4 ,no "o c imag9e t he c\ld wi% ! rod to be us$ :5 complete subjection to ! p>5tal au?ority c\ld be secur$ by m g5tle means4 ,& h[ ?is is to be done x is ! object precisely ( ?is book to %[4 ,9 ?is s5se1 !re=e--& x is und\bt$ly ! true s5se--namely1 t *ildr5 mu/ be gov]n$ by ! au?ority ( ! p>5t1 ! passages 9 "q express a great & mo/ ess5tial tru?4 ,x is sometimes said t *ildr5 mu/ be gov]n$ by reason1 & ?is is true1 b x is ! reason ( _! p>5ts1 & n _! own :i* mu/ hold ! control4 ,if *ildr5 7 end[$ ) ! capacity ( see+ :at is be/ = !m1 & ) suffici5t self-control to pursue :at is be/ aga9/ ! c\nt]-influ5ces ( _! animal in/9cts & prop5sities1 !re w\ld be no necessity t ! p]iod ( subjection to p>5tal au?ority %\ld be ext5d$ ov] s _m ye>s4 ,b s long z _! p[]s are yet too immature to be safely reli$ ^u1 !y mu/1 ( necessity1 be subject to ! p>5tal w2 & ! soon] & ! m p]fectly !y are made to und]/& ?is1 & to yield a will+ submission to ! necessity1 ! bett] x w be1 n only = _! p>5ts1 b also = !mselves4 ,! p>5tal au?ority mu/1 !re=e1 be e/abli%$--by g5tle means1 if possible--b x mu/ by all means be e/abli%$1 & be firmly ma9ta9$4 ,if y c n gov]n y\r *ild )\t corporal puni%m5t1 x is bett] to resort to x ?an n to gov]n him at all4 ,tak+ a wide view ( ! field1 ,i ?9k !re may be sev]al cases 9 :i* a resort to ! infliction ( physical pa9 z ! only available means ( e/abli%+ au?ority may be ! only alt]native4 ,!re are ?ree cases ( ?is k9d t are to be specially consid]$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,runaway ,possible ,cases 9 :i* x is ! only ,alt]native4--,savages4 #a4 ,9 savage or half-civiliz$ life1 & ev51 p]haps1 9 s rude a /ate ( society z mu/ h exi/$ 9 "s p>ts ( ,judea :5 ! ,prov]bs ( ,solomon 7 writt51 x is conceivable t _m p>5ts1 ow+ to _! own ignorance1 & l[ animal condition1 w\ld h no o!r means at _! comm& = e/abli%+ _! au?ority ov] _! *ildr5 ?an scold+s & bl[s4 ,x mu/ be s among savages4 ,& x is c]ta9ly bett]1 if ! "m kn[s no o!r way ( induc+ h] boy to keep )9 h] sight1 t %e %\ld :ip him :5 he runs away1 ?an t he %\ld be bitt5 by s]p5ts or dev\r$ by be>s4 ,%e mu/ e/abli% h] au?ority 9 "s way1 & if ?is is ! be/ t %e is capable ( pursu+1 %e mu/ use x4 ,tea*]s ^: ,tasks surpass _! ,skill4 #b4 ,a tea*]1 9 ent]+ ^u ! *>ge ( a l>ge s*ool ( boys made unruly by previ\s mismanagem5t1 may1 p]haps1 possibly f9d himself unable to e/abli% submission to 8 au?ority )\t ?is res\rce4 ,x is true t if x is s1 x is due1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 to want ( skill on ! tea*]'s "p2 = !re are m51 & wom5 too1 :o w take any company ( boys t y c give !m1 &1 by a c]ta9 skill1 or tact1 or k ( human nature1 or o!r qualities :i* seem sometimes to o!r p]sons almo/ magical1 w h !m all completely "u subjection 9 a week1 & t )\t viol5ce1 )\t scold+1 almo/ )\t ev5 a fr[n4 ,! "t may1 p]haps1 come :5 e tea*]1 to be consid]$ qualifi$ = 8 "w1 mu/ possess ?is skill4 ,inde$1 ! _w is evid5tly mak+ great & rapid progress 9 ?is direction4 ,! me?ods ( in/ruction & ! modes by :i* ! tea*] ga9s & holds 8 influ5ce ov] 8 pupils h be5 wond]fully improv$ 9 rec5t times1 s t :]e !re 0 "o tea*]1 fifty ye>s ago1 :o 0 really belov$ by 8 pupils1 we h fifty n[4 ,9 ,dr4 ,johnson's "t1 :i* 0 ab\t a hundr$ & fifty ye>s ago1 x w\ld seem t !re 0 no o!r mode b t ( viol5t co]cion recogniz$ z wor?y to be reli$ ^u 9 imp>t+ in/ruction1 = he said t he knew ( no way by :i* ,lat9 c\ld be taught to boys 9 8 day b by hav+ x flogg$ into !m4 ,f su* a /ate ( ?+s to t :i* prevails at ! pres5t day !re has be5 an a/oni%+ *ange4 ,& n[1 :e!r a tea*] is able to manage an av]age s*ool ( boys )\t physical =ce is simply a "q ( tact1 k ( ! "r pr9ciples1 & skill 9 apply+ !m on 8 "p4 ,x is1 p]haps1 yet too soon to expect t all tea*]s c possess1 or c acquire1 ^! qualifications to su* a degree z to make x safe to =bid ! infliction ( bodily pa9 9 any case1 b ! "t = x is rapidly approa*+1 & 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry x has1 p]haps1 already arriv$4 ,until t "t comes1 e tea*] :o f9ds himself "u ! necessity ( beat+ a boy's body 9 ord] to atta9 c]ta9 moral or intellectual ends ought to und]/& t ! reason is ! incomplet5ess ( 8 und]/&+ & skill 9 deal+ directly ) 8 m9d2 ?\gh = ?is incomplet5ess he may n himself be p]sonally at all to blame4 ,*ildr5 spoil$ by ,neglect & ,mismanagem5t4 #c4 ,i am ev5 will+ to admit t "o or m boys 9 a family may rea* su* a condition ( rud5ess & insubord9ation1 9 consequ5ce ( neglect or mismanagem5t on ! "p ( _! p>5ts 9 _! e>ly ye>s1 & ! pres5t clums9ess & incapacity ( ! fa!r 9 deal+ ) ! susceptibilities & impulses ( ! human s\l1 t ! "q w lie betwe5 keep+ !m )9 "s k9d ( subord9ation by bodily puni%m5t or n controll+ !m at all4 ,if a fa!r has be5 s engross$ 9 8 bus9ess t he has neglect$ 8 *ildr51 has nev] e/abli%$ any common bond ( sympa?y betwe5 himself & !m1 has tak5 no int]e/ 9 _! enjoym5ts1 nor br\ght !m by moral means to an habitual subjection to 8 w2 & if _! "m is a weak1 irresolute woman1 occupy+ h]self ) ! pursuits & pleasures ( fa%ionable society1 & leav+ h] *ildr5 to ! managem5t ( s]vants1 ! *ildr5 w1 ( c\rse1 9 g5]al1 gr[ up exact+1 turbul5t1 & ungov]nable2 & :51 ) advanc+ maturity1 _! increas+ /r5g? & vigor makes ?is turbul5ce & disord] intol]able 9 ! h\se1 & !re is1 z ( c\rse !re usually w be 9 su* a case1 no prop] k & skill 9 ! managem5t ( ! "y on ! "p ( ei!r p>5t to rem$y ! evil by g5tle measures1 ! only alt]native 9 _m cases may be ei!r a resort to viol5t puni%m5t1 or ! s5d+ away ( ! unmanageable subjects to s*ool4 ,! latt] "p ( ! alt]native is ! be/1 &1 =tunately1 x is ! "o g5]ally adopt$4 ,b :]e x c n be adopt$1 x is c]ta9ly bett] t ! boys %\ld be gov]n$ by ! rod ?an to gr[ up "u no gov]nm5t at all4 ,g5tle ,measures effectual :]e ,rightfully & ,fai?fully employ$4 ,h[ev] x may be ) respect to ! exceptional cases above enum]at$1 & p]haps "s o!rs1 !re c1 ,i ?9k1 be no d\bt t p>5ts :o %\ld tra9 _! *ildr5 f ! beg9n+ on ! pr9ciples expla9$ 9 ?is volume1 & ^u o!rs analog\s to !m1 w\ld nev]1 9 any case1 h to /rike a bl[4 ,!y w\ld accompli% ! end enjo9$ by ! precepts ( ,solomon1 namely1 ! complete subjection ( _! *ildr5 to _! au?ority1 by improv$ me?ods n kn[n 9 8 day1 or1 at lea/1 n s fully develop$ t !y c\ld !n be reli$ ^u4 ,!y :o imag9e t p>5ts are b\nd to use ! rod z ! in/rum5tality1 because ! ,scriptures speak ( ! rod z ! means ( e/abli%+ p>5tal au?ority be/ kn[n 9 ^? days1 in/ead ( employ+ ! m effective me?ods :i* ! progress ( improvem5t has develop$ & made available at ! pres5t day1 ought1 9 ord] to be consi/5t1 to insi/ on ! ret5tion ( ! h>p 9 religi\s wor%ip1 because ,david enjo9s x ^u believ]s to praise ! ,"l ) h>p3 to s+ unto him ) psalt]y1 & an in/rum5t ( t5 /r+s4 ,! tru? is1 t :at we are to look at 9 su* injunctions is ! end t is to be atta9$1 :i* is1 9 ?is la/ case1 ! impressive & rev]5tial exaltation ( ,almighty ,god 9 our m9ds by ! acts ( public wor%ip2 & if1 ) ! improvem5ts 9 musical in/rum5ts :i* h be5 made 9 mod]n times1 we c d ?is m satisfactorily by employ+ 9 ! place ( a psalt]y or a h>p ( t5 /r+s an organ ( t5 or a hundr$ /ops1 we are b\nd to make ! sub/itution4 ,9 a ^w1 we mu/ look at ! end & n at ! means1 rememb]+ t 9 que/ions ( ,scripture int]pretation ! lett] kille?1 ! _s make? alive4 ,protract$ ,conte/s ) ,ob/9acy4 ,x seems to me1 ?\gh ,i am aw>e t _m excell5t p]sons ?9k diff]5tly1 t x is nev] wise = ! p>5t to all[ himself to be drawn into a conte/ ) a *ild 9 attempt+ to compel him to d some?+ t f ill-temp] or ob/9acy he refuses to d4 ,if ! attempt is successful1 & ! *ild yields "u a mod]ate sev]ity ( co]cion1 x is all v well4 ,b !re is some?+ my/]i\s & unacc\ntable 9 ! /r5g? ( ! ob/9acy sometimes manife/$ 9 su* cases1 & ! degree ( endurance :i* x w (t5 inspire1 ev5 9 *ildr5 ( ! mo/ t5d] age4 ,we obs]ve ! same inexplicable fix$ness sometimes 9 ! l[] animals--9 ! horse1 = example2 :i* is ! m unacc\ntable f ! fact t we c n suppose1 9 8 case1 t peculi> comb9ation ( intellig5ce & ill-temp] :i* we g5]ally consid] ! su/a9+ p[] ( ! protract$ ob/9acy on ! "p ( ! *ild4 ,! degree ( p]si/5ce :i* is manife/$ by *ildr5 9 conte/s ( ?is k9d is some?+ wond]ful1 & c n easily be expla9$ by any ( ! ord9>y !ories 9 respect to ! influ5ce ( motives on ! human m9d4 ,a /ate ( c]ebral excitem5t & exaltation is n unfrequ5tly produc$ :i* seems ak9 to insanity1 & in/ances h be5 kn[n 9 :i* a *ild has suff]$ itself to be beat5 to dea? r ?an yield ob$i5ce to a v simple comm&4 ,& 9 va/ numb]s ( in/ances1 ! p>5t1 aft] a protract$ conte/1 gives up 9 despair1 & is compell$ to inv5t "s plausible pretext = br++ x to an end4 ,inde$1 :5 we reflect ^u ! subject1 we see :at a difficult task we und]take 9 su* conte/s--x be+ no?+ less ?an t ( =c+ ! =mation ( a volition 9 a human m9d4 ,we c easily control ! bodily movem5ts & actions ( ano!r p]son by means ( an ext]nal co]cion t we c apply1 & we h v>i\s indirect means ( induc+ volitions2 b 9 ^! conte/s we seem to come up squ>ely to ! "w ( attempt+1 by outw>d =ce1 to compel ! =m+ ( a volition 9 ! m9d2 & x is n surpris+ t ?is %\ld1 at lea/ sometimes1 prove a v difficult und]tak+4 ,no ,necessity = ^! ,conte/s4 ,!re seems to be no necessity t a p>5t or tea*] %\ld ev] become involv$ 9 /ruggles ( ?is k9d 9 ma9ta9+ 8 au?ority4 ,! way to avoid !m1 z x seems to me1 is1 :5 a *ild refuses out ( ob/9acy to d :at is requir$ ( him1 to impose ! prop] puni%m5t or p5alty = ! refusal1 & let t close ! transaction4 ,d n attempt to en=ce 8 compliance by cont9u+ ! puni%m5t until he yields4 ,a *ild1 = example1 go+ out to play1 wi%es = 8 blue cap4 ,8 "m *ooses t he %all we> 8 gray "o4 ,%e hangs ! blue cap up 9 its place1 & gives him ! gray "o4 ,he decl>es t he w n we> x1 & ?r[s x d[n ^u ! floor4 ,! temptation n[ is = ! "m1 indignant1 to puni% him1 & !n to ord] him to take up ! cap :i* he _h ?r[n d[n1 & to feel t x is h] duty1 9 case he refuses1 to p]si/ 9 ! puni%m5t until %e conqu]s 8 w1 & compels him to take x up & put x ^u 8 head4 ,b in/ead ( ?is1 a saf] & a bett] c\rse1 x seems to me1 is to avoid a conte/ altoge!r by consid]+ ! (f5se complete1 & ! transaction on 8 "p f9i%$ by ! s+le act ( rebellion aga9/ h] au?ority4 ,%e may take ! cap up f ! floor h]self & put x 9 its place1 & !n simply consid] :at puni%m5t is prop] = ! wrong already done4 ,p]haps %e =bids ! boy to g out at all4 ,p]haps %e res]ves ! puni%m5t1 & s5ds him to b$ an h\r e>li] t night4 ,! age ( ! boy1 or "s o!r circum/ances connect$ ) ! case1 may be su* z to dem& a sev]] treatm5t /ill4 ,at any rate1 %e limits ! transaction to ! s+le act ( disob$i5ce & rebellion already committ$1 )\t giv+ an opportunity = a repetition ( x by r5ew+ ! comm&1 & inflicts = x ! prop] puni%m5t1 & t is ! end ( ! affair4 ,& s a boy 9 recit+ a lesson w n repeat c]ta9 words aft] 8 "m4 ,%e ent]s into no controv]sy ) him1 b %uts ! book & puts x away4 ,he1 kn[+ 8 "m's usual mode ( managem5t 9 su* cases1 & be+ sure t "s p5alty1 privation1 or puni%m5t w soon] or lat] foll[1 rel5ts1 & tells 8 "m t he w say ! words if %e w try him aga94 ,no1 my son1 %e %\ld reply1 ! opportunity is pa/4 ,y %\ld h done y\r duty at ! "r "t4 ,y h disobey$ me1 & ,i mu/ take "t to consid] :at to d4 ,if1 at ! prop] "t1 9 su* a case1 :5 all ! excitem5t ( ! affair is ov]1 a p5alty or puni%m5t apportion$ to ! fault1 or "s o!r appropriate measures 9 relation to x1 are c]ta9 to come1 & if ?is me?od is always pursu$ 9 a calm & quiet mann] b ) inflexible firmness 9 act1 ! _s ( rebellion w be mu* m effectually subdu$ ?an by any protract$ /ruggles at ! "t1 ?\gh end+ 9 victory h[ev] complete4 ,b all ?is is a digression1 ?\gh x seem$ prop] to allude to ! subject ( ^! conte/s "h1 s9ce x is on ^! occasions1 p]haps1 t p>5ts are mo/ frequ5tly l$1 or1 z !y ?9k1 irresi/ibly impell$1 to ! infliction ( bodily puni%m5ts z ! la/ resort1 :5 !y w\ld1 9 g5]al1 be /rongly incl9$ to avoid !m4 ,! ,infliction ( ,pa9 sometimes ! spe$ie/ ,rem$y4 ,!re are1 moreov]1 "s cases1 p]haps1 9 ! ord9>y exig5cies ( dome/ic life1 z ! _w goes1 :5 "s p]sonal infliction is ! %orte/ way ( dispos+ ( a case ( discipl9e1 & may appe>1 = ! "t be+1 to be ! mo/ effectual4 ,a slap is v quickly giv51 & a "m may (t5 ?9k t %e has n "t = a m g5tle mode ( manag+ ! case1 ev5 ?\gh %e may admit t if %e _h ! "t at h] comm& ! g5tle mode w\ld be ! be/4 ,& x is1 inde$1 d\btless true t ! pr9ciples ( managem5t advocat$ 9 ?is "w are su* z require t ! p>5ts %\ld devote "s "t & att5tion1 &1 /ill m ess5tially1 "s he>t to ! "w2 & !y :o d n consid] ! welf>e & happ9ess ( _! *ildr5 9 future life1 & _! own happ9ess 9 connection ) !m z !y advance t[>ds _! decl9+ ye>s1 z ( suffici5t importance to call = ! be/[m5t ( ?is "t & att5tion1 w d\btless (t5 resort to m summ>y me?ods 9 _! discipl9e ?an ^? "h recomm5d$4 ,! ,/+ t x leaves beh9d4 ,inde$1 ! great objection1 aft] all1 to ! occasional resort to ! infliction ( bodily pa9 9 extreme cases is1 z x seems to me1 ! /+ :i* x leaves beh9d2 n t1 :i* x leaves 9 ! he>t ( ! *ild :o may suff] x--= t soon passes away--b 9 ! he>t ( ! p>5t :o inflicts x4 ,! "o is1 or may be1 v evanesc5t2 ! o!r may v long rema92 & :at is worse1 ! angui% ( x may be reviv$ & made v poignant 9 future ye>s4 ,?is consid]ation makes x specially imp]ative on e p>5t nev]1 = any cause1 to inflict puni%m5t by viol5ce :5 himself "u ! influ5ce ( any irritation or ang] awak5$ by ! (f5se4 ,= ?\gh ! ang] :i* ! fault ( ! *ild naturally awak5s 9 y c>ries y ?r\gh ! act ( puni%+ well en\gh1 x soon aft]w>ds passes away1 :ile ! memory ( x rema9s1 & 9 aft] ye>s1 l any o!r s91 x may come back to exact a pa9ful retribution4 ,:5 ! little lov$ "o :o n[ puts y out ( pati5ce ) h] he$lessness1 h] inconsid]at5ess1 &1 p]haps1 by worse faults & fail+s--all1 h[ev]1 faults :i* may v possibly1 9 "p or 9 :ole1 be ! result ( ! immature & undevelop$ condition ( h] m5tal or bodily p[]s--falls sick & dies1 & y foll[ h] z %e is borne away1 & ) a bur/+ he>t see h] laid 9 h] little grave1 x w be a great com=t to y !n to reflect t y did all 9 y\r p[]1 by means ( ! g5tle/ measures at y\r comm&1 to tra9 h] to tru? & duty1 t y nev] lo/ pati5ce ) h]1 & t %e nev] felt f y\r h& any ?+ b g5tle assi/ance or a lov+ c>ess4 ,& y\r boy--n[ s ard5t & impulsive1 & (t51 p]haps1 noisy1 tr\blesome1 & rude1 f ! exub]ant action ( 8 gr[+ p[]s--:5 ^! p[]s %all h receiv$ _! full developm5t1 & he has pass$ f y\r control to 8 place 9 ! _w z a man1 & he comes back f "t to "t to ! mat]nal home 9 grateful remembrance ( 8 obligations to 8 "m1 br++ ) him tok5s ( 8 affection & love1 y w ?9k ) pa9 ( ! occasions :5 y subject$ him to ! torture ( ! rod "u ! impulse ( irritation or ang]1 or to accompli% ! ends ( discipl9e :i* might h be5 atta9$ 9 o!r ways4 ,"t1 z y !n look back ov] ! long int]val ( ye>s :i* h elaps$1 w greatly s(t5 ! recollection ( ! fault1 b x w greatly aggravate t ( ! pa9 :i* 0 made ! retribution ( x4 ,y w say to y\rself1 x is true1 ,i did x = ! be/4 ,if ,i _h n done x1 my son w\ld p]haps n be :at he is4 ,he1 if he rememb]s ! transaction1 w d\btless say s too2 b !re w be none ! less = bo? a c]ta9 /+ 9 ! recollection1 & y w wi% t ! same end c\ld h be5 accompli%$ by g5tl] means4 ,! sub/ance ( x is t *ildr5 mu/1 at all ev5ts1 be gov]n$4 ,! prop] au?ority ov] !m mu/ be ma9ta9$2 b x is a great deal bett] to secure ?is end by g5tle measures1 if ! p>5t h or c acquire ! skill to employ !m4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,gratitude ,,9 ,,*ildr54 ,mo!rs are v (t5 pa9$ at :at seems to !m ! +ratitude ( _! *ildr54 ,!y long1 above all ?+s1 = _! love4 ,!y d e ?+ 9 _! p[]--,i mean1 ( c\rse1 t "s mo!rs d--to w9 x4 ,!y make e sacrifice1 & give e possible evid5ce ( affection2 b !y seem to fail entirely ( br++ out any ( ^? evid5ces ( gratitude & affection 9 return :i*1 if !y c\ld only witness !m1 w\ld fill _! he>ts ) gladness & joy4 ,b ! only feel+ :i* _! *ildr5 manife/ t[>ds !m seems to be a selfi% "o4 ,!y come to !m :5 9 tr\ble1 !y ev5 fly to !m eag]ly :5 9 dang]1 & !y consid] _! p>5ts ! *ief res\rce = procur+ ne>ly all _! means ( gratification4 ,b !y ?9k little1 z x (t5 seems1 ( ! "m's com=t & enjoym5t 9 return1 & seldom or nev] d any ?+ volunt>ily to give h] pleasure4 ,x w\ld be a great exagg]ation to say t ?is is always ! feel+ ( ! "m 9 respect to h] *ildr54 ,i only mean t ?is is sometimes1 & ,i might probably say v (t51 ! case4 ,two ,=ms ( ,love4 ,n[ !re are two di/9ct =ms :i* ! feel+ ( love may assume 9 ! mature m9d1 bo? ( :i* are gratify+ to ! object ( x1 ?\gh !y are v diff]5t1 & inde$ 9 "s s5se exactly ! opposite ( ea* o!r4 ,!re is ! receiv+ & ! be/[+ love4 ,x is true t ! two =ms are (t5 conjo9$1 or r !y (t5 exi/ 9 intimate comb9ation ) ea* o!r2 b 9 _! nature !y are ess5tially di/9ct4 ,a "y lady1 = example1 may feel a /rong atta*m5t = ! g5tleman to :om %e is engag$--or a wife = h] husb&--9 ! s5se ( lik+ to receive k9dness & att5tion f him m ?an f any o!r man4 ,%e may be specially pleas$ :5 he invites h] to ride ) him1 or makes h] pres5ts1 or %[s 9 any way t he ?9ks ( h] & seeks h] happ9ess--m s ?an %e w\ld be to receive ! same att5tions f any o!r p]son4 ,?is is love4 ,x may be v g5u9e love2 b x is love 9 ! =m ( tak+ special pleasure 9 ! k9dness & favor be/[$ by ! object ( x4 ,yet x is none ! less true1 z mo/ p]sons h _h occasion to le>n f _! own exp]i5ce1 t ?is k9d ( love may be v /rong )\t be+ accompani$ by any correspond+ desire on ! "p ( ! p]son manife/+ x to make sacrifices ( h] own ease & com=t 9 ord] to give happ9ess to ! object ( h] love 9 return4 ,9 ! same mann] a g5tleman may feel a /rong s5tim5t ( love = a lady1 :i* %all take ! =m ( enjoy+ h] society1 ( be+ happy :5 he is ne> h]1 & greatly pleas$ at h] mak+ sacrifices = 8 sake1 or manife/+ 9 any way a /rong atta*m5t = him4 ,!re may be also unit$ ) ?is ! o!r =m ( love--namely1 t :i* w\ld lead him to d5y himself & make sacrifices = h]4 ,b ! two1 ?\gh !y may (t5--p]haps g5]ally--exi/ toge!r1 are 9 _! nature s ess5tially diff]5t t !y may be entirely sep>at$1 & we may h "o 9 its full /r5g? :ile !re is v little ( ! o!r4 ,y may love a p]son 9 ! s5se ( tak+ great] pleasure 9 receiv+ att5tions & favors f him ?an f all ! _w beside1 :ile yet y seldom ?9k ( mak+ ef=ts to promote 8 com=t & happ9ess 9 any ?+ 9 :i* y are n y\rself p]sonally conc]n$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 y may love him ) ! k9d ( affection :i* r5d]s x ! greate/ pleasure ( y\r life to make sacrifices & endure self-d5ial to promote 8 welf>e 9 any way4 ,9 "s cases ^! two =ms are 9 fact entirely sep>at$1 & "o or ! o!r c exi/ entirely di/9ct f ! o!r--z 9 ! case ( ! k9d feel+s ( a good man t[>ds ! poor & mis]able4 ,x is q possible to feel a v /rong int]e/ 9 su* objects1 & to be will+ to put ourselves to consid]able inconv5i5ce to make !m com=table & happy1 & to take great pleasure 9 le>n+ t our ef=ts h be5 effectual1 )\t feel+ any love = !m at all 9 ! o!r =m--t is1 any desire to h !m ) u1 to receive att5tions & k9dness f !m1 & to enjoy _! society4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 ! love ( a "y *ild = 8 "m ! case is rev]s$4 ,! love ( ! *ild consi/s *iefly 9 lik+ to be ) 8 "m1 9 go+ to h] r ?an to any "o else = relief f pa9 or = com=t 9 sorr[1 & is accompani$ ) v few & v fa9t desires to make ef=ts1 or to submit to privations1 or to make sacrifices1 = ! promotion ( h] good4 ,ord] ( _! ,developm5t4 ,n[ ! qualities & *>act]i/ics ( ! s\l on :i* ! capacity = ^! two =ms ( love dep5d seem to be v diff]5t1 & !y advance 9 developm5t & come to maturity at diff]5t p]iods ( life2 s t ! "m1 9 feel+ deject$ & sad because %e c n awak5 9 ! m9d ( h] *ild ! gratitude & ! consid]ation = h] com=t & happ9ess :i* %e desires1 is simply look+ = a c]ta9 k9d ( fruit at ! wrong "t4 ,y h "o ( ! =ms ( love = y on ! "p ( ! *ild n[ :ile he is "y4 ,9 due "t1 :5 he arrives at maturity1 if y w wait pati5tly1 y w assur$ly h ! o!r4 ,n[ he runs to y 9 e em]g5cy4 ,he asks y = e ?+ t he wants4 ,he c f9d com=t n[h]e else b 9 y\r arms1 :5 he is 9 di/ress or 9 suff]+ f pa91 disappo9tm5t1 or sorr[4 ,b he w n make any ef=t to be /ill :5 y are sick1 or to avoid int]rupt+ y :5 y are busy2 & insi/s1 p]haps1 on y\r c>ry+ him :5 he is tir$1 )\t seem+ to ?9k or c>e :e!r y may n be tir$ too4 ,b 9 due "t all ?is w be *ang$4 ,tw5ty ye>s h5ce he w conceal all 8 tr\bles f y in/ead ( com+ ) !m to y = com=t4 ,he w be (f 9 ! _w engag$ 9 8 pursuits1 no long] b\nd closely to y\r side4 ,b he w ?9k all ! "t ( y\r com=t & happ9ess4 ,he w br+ y pres5ts1 & pay y innum]able att5tions to *e] y\r he>t 9 y\r decl9+ ye>s4 ,he w n run to y :5 he has hurt himself2 b if any ?+ happ5s to y1 he w leave e ?+ to ha/5 to y\r relief1 & br+ ) him all ! com=ts & means ( enjoym5t = y t 8 res\rces c comm&4 ,! "t w ?us come :5 y w h 8 love to y\r he>t's cont5t1 9 ! second =m4 ,y mu/ be satisfi$1 :ile he is s "y1 ) ! fir/ =m ( x1 :i* is all t 8 p[]s & faculties 9 _! pres5t /age are capable ( develop+4 ,! tru? ( ! case seems to be t ! faculties ( ! human m9d--or ,i %\ld p]haps r say1 ! susceptibilities ( ! s\l--l ! in/9cts ( animals1 are develop$ 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y are requir$ = ! good ( ! subject ( !m4 ,inde$1 x is v int]e/+ & curi\s to obs]ve h[ /rik+ ! analogy 9 ! ord] ( developm5t1 9 respect to ! nature ( ! bond ( atta*m5t :i* b9ds ! (fspr+ to ! p>5t1 runs ?r\gh all ^? ranks ( ! animal creation 9 :i* ! "y = a "t dep5d ^u ! "m = food or = protection4 ,! *ick5s 9 any mom5t ( al>m run to ! h52 & ! lamb1 ! calf1 & ! colt to _! respective mo!rs2 b none ( !m w\ld feel ! lea/ incl9ation to come to ! rescue ( ! p>5t if ! p>5t 0 9 dang]4 ,) ! "m h]self x is exactly ! rev]se4 ,h] he>t--if we c speak ( ! seat ( ! mat]nal affections ( su* creatures z a he>t--is fill$ ) desires to be/[ good ^u h] (fspr+1 )\t a desire1 or ev5 a ?\ght1 ( receiv+ any good f !m 9 return4 ,!re is ?is diff]5ce1 h[ev]1 betwe5 ! race ( man & ^? ( ! inf]ior animals--namely1 t 9 8 case ! in/9ct1 or at lea/ a natural desire :i* is 9 "s respects analog\s to an in/9ct1 prompt+ him to repay to 8 p>5ts ! b5efits :i* he receiv$ f !m 9 y\?1 comes 9 due "t2 :ile 9 t ( ! l[] animals x seems nev] to come at all4 ,! little birds1 aft] op5+ _! m\?s s wide e "t ! "m comes to ! ne/ dur+ all ! weeks :ile _! w+s are gr[+1 fly away :5 !y are gr[n1 )\t ! lea/ c>e or conc]n = ! anxiety & di/ress ( ! "m occasion$ by _! imprud5t flights2 & once away & free1 nev] come back1 s f> z we "k1 to make any return to _! "m = wat*+ ov] !m1 %elt]+ !m ) h] body1 & work+ s indefatigably to provide !m ) food dur+ ! helpless p]iod ( _! infancy--& /ill less to seek & protect & fe$ h] 9 h] old age4 ,b ! boy1 reckless z he sometimes seems 9 8 boyhood1 ins5sible app>5tly to 8 obligations to 8 "m1 & little m9dful ( h] wi%es or ( h] feel+s--8 affection = h] %[+ itself ma9ly 9 8 read9ess to g to h] ) all 8 wants1 & 9 all 8 tr\bles & sorr[s--w beg91 :5 he has arriv$ at maturity & no long] ne$s h] aid1 to rememb] ) gratitude ! pa/ aid t %e has r5d]$ him4 ,! curr5t ( affection 9 8 he>t w turn & fl[ ! o!r way4 ,in/ead ( wi%+ to receive1 he w n[ only wi% to give4 ,if %e is 9 want1 he w d all he c to supply h]4 ,if %e is 9 sorr[1 he w be happy if he c d any ?+ to com=t h]4 ,he w s5d h] memorials ( 8 gratitude1 & objects ( com=t & embelli%m5t = h] home1 & w wat* ) solicitude & s9c]e affection ov] h] decl9+ ye>s4 ,& all ?is *ange1 if n ! result ( a new in/9ct :i* rea*es its developm5t only :5 ! p]iod ( maturity arrives1 is ! unfold+ ( a s5tim5t ( ! he>t belong+ ess5tially to ! nature ( ! subject ( x z man4 ,x is true t ?is capacity may1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 be v feebly develop$4 ,9 "s cases1 inde$1 x w\ld seem t x 0 sc>cely develop$ at all2 b !re is a provision = x 9 ! nature ( man1 :ile !re is no provision = x at all 9 ! s5ti5t pr9ciples ( ! l[] animals4 ,advanc+ ! ,developm5t ( ! ,s5tim5t ( ,gratitude4 ,n[1 al?\gh p>5ts mu/ n be impati5t at ! sl[ appe>ance ( ?is feel+ 9 _! *ildr51 & mu/ n be tr\bl$ 9 its n appe>+ be=e its "t1 !y c d mu* by prop] ef=ts to cultivate its gr[?1 & give x an e>li] & a m p[]ful influ5ce ov] !m ?an x w\ld o!rwise manife/4 ,! mode ( do+ ?is is ! same z 9 all o!r cases ( ! cultivation ( moral s5tim5ts 9 *ildr51 & t is by ! influ5ce ov] !m ( sympa?y ) ^? !y love4 ,j z ! way to cultivate 9 ! m9ds ( *ildr5 a feel+ ( pity = ^? :o are 9 di/ress is n to prea* x z a duty1 b to make !m love y1 & !n %[ su* pity y\rself2 & ! way to make !m angry & rev5geful 9 "*--if we c conceive ( y\r be+ actuat$ by s unnatural a desire--w\ld be (t5 to express viol5t res5tm5t y\rself1 ) sc[l+ looks & fi]ce d5unciations aga9/ ^? :o h (f5d$ y2 s1 to awak5 !m to s5tim5ts ( gratitude = ! favors !y receive1 y mu/ g5tly lead !m to sympa?ize ) y 9 ! gratitude :i* y feel = ! favors t y receive4 ,:5 a *ild %[s "s special unwill+ness to comply ) h] "m's desires1 h] "m may address to h] a k9d b direct & pla9 expo/ulation on ! obligations ( *ildr5 to _! p>5ts1 & ! duty incumb5t on !m ( be+ grateful = _! k9dness1 & to be will+ to d :at !y c 9 return4 ,su* an address w\ld probably d no good at all4 ,! *ild w\ld receive x simply z a scold+1 no matt] h[ mildly & g5tly ! repro( might be express$1 & w\ld %ut h] he>t aga9/ x4 ,x is some?+ :i* %e mu/ /& /ill & endure1 & t is all4 ,b let ! "m say ! same ?+s precisely :5 ! *ild has %[n a will+ness to make "s little sacrifice to aid or to gratify h] "m1 s t ! s5tim5t express$ may ent] h] m9d 9 ! =m ( approval & n ( condemnation1 & ! effect w be v diff]5t4 ,! s5tim5ts w1 at any rate1 n[ n be reject$ f ! m9d1 b ! way w be op5 = !m to ent]1 & ! conv]sation w h a good effect1 s f> z didactic tea*+ c h effect 9 su* a case4 ,b n[ to br+ 9 ! elem5t ( sympa?y z a means ( rea*+ & influ5c+ ! m9d ( ! *ild3 ,! "m1 we w suppose1 /&+ at ! door "s morn+ be=e breakfa/ 9 spr+1 ) h] little daught]1 sev5 or eight ye>s old1 by h] side1 he>s a bird s++ on a tree ne> by4 ,%e po9ts to ! tree1 & says1 9 a half-:isp]1 ,h>k6 ,:5 ! s\nd ceases1 %e looks to ! *ild ) an expression ( pleasure ^u h] c\nt5ance1 & says1 ,suppose we give t bird "s crumbs because he has be5 s++ u su* a pretty song4 ,well6 says ! *ild4 ,w\ld y8 asks ! "m4 ,yes1 "m1 ,i %\ld l to give him "s v mu*4 ,d y suppose he sang ! song = u8 ,i don't "k t he did1 replies ! "m4 ,we don't "k exactly :at ! birds mean by all _! s++4 ,!y take "s pleasure 9 see+ u1 ,i ?9k1 or else !y w\ld n come s mu* ar\nd our h\se2 & ,i don't "k b t ?is bird's song may come f "s k9d ( joy or gladness he felt 9 see+ u come to ! door4 ,at any rate1 x w be a pleasure to u to give him "s crumbs to pay him = 8 song4 ,! *ild w ?9k s too1 & w run (f joyfully to br+ a piece ( bread to =m crumbs to be scatt]$ ^u ! pa?4 ,& ! :ole transaction w h ! effect ( awak5+ & *]i%+ ! s5tim5t ( gratitude 9 h] he>t4 ,! effect w n be great1 x is true1 b x w be ( ! "r k9d4 ,x w be a drop ( wat] ^u ! unfold+ cotyl$ons ( a se$ j peep+ up out ( ! gr\nd1 :i* w p]colate bel[ aft] y h gone away1 & give ! little roots a new impulse ( gr[?4 ,= :5 y h left ! *ild seat$ ^u ! door-/ep1 occupi$ 9 ?r[+ out ! crumbs to ! bird1 h] he>t w be occupi$ ) ! ?\ghts y h put into x1 & ! s5tim5t ( gratitude = k9dness receiv$ w comm5ce its c\rse ( developm5t1 if x _h n comm5c$ x be=e4 ,! ,case ( old] ,*ildr54 ,( c\rse ! employm5t ( su* an occasion z ?is ( ! s++ ( a little bird & su* a conv]sation 9 respect to x = cultivat+ ! s5tim5t ( gratitude 9 ! he>t1 is adapt$ only to ! case ( q a "y *ild4 ,= old] *ildr51 :ile ! pr9ciple is ! same1 ! circum/ances & ! mann] ( treat+ ! case mu/ be adapt$ to a matur] age4 ,rob]t1 = example--twelve ye>s ( age--_h be5 sick1 & dur+ 8 convalesc5ce 8 si/] ,m>y1 two ye>s old] ?an himself1 _h be5 v assidu\s 9 h] att5dance ^u him4 ,%e _h wait$ ^u him at 8 meals1 & br\ght him books & play?+s1 f "t to "t1 to amuse him4 ,aft] he _h fully recov]$ 8 heal?1 he 0 sitt+ 9 ! g>d51 "o sunny morn+ 9 ! spr+1 ) 8 "m1 & %e said1 ,h[ k9d ,m>y 0 to y :ile y 7 sick6 ,yes1 said ,rob]t1 %e 0 v k9d inde$4 ,if y w\ld l to d some?+ = h] 9 return1 cont9u$ 8 "m1 ,i'll tell y :at w\ld be a good plan4 ,rob]t1 :o1 p]haps1 )\t ?is conv]sation w\ld n h ?\ght p>ticul>ly ( mak+ any return1 said he %\ld l to d some?+ = h] v mu*4 ,!n1 said 8 "m1 y might make h] a g>d54 ,i c m>k (f a place = a b$ = h] l>ge en\gh to hold a numb] ( k9ds ( fl[]s1 & !n y c dig x up1 & rake x ov]1 & lay x (f into little b$s1 & s[ ! se$s4 ,i'll buy ! se$s = y4 ,i %\ld l to d some?+ t[>ds mak+ ! g>d5 = h]1 = %e help$ me a great deal1 z well z y1 9 ! c>e %e took ( y4 ,well1 said ,rob]t1 ,i'll d x4 ,y are well & /rong n[1 s y c d x pretty easily1 add$ ! "m2 b /ill1 unless y w\ld l to d x y\rself = h] sake1 ,i c get ! man to d x4 ,b if y w\ld l to d x y\rself1 ,i ?9k x w\ld please h] v mu* z an expression ( y\r gratitude & love = h]4 ,yes1 said ,rob]t1 ,i %\ld a great deal r d x myself1 & ,i w beg9 ?is v day4 ,& yet1 if 8 "m _h n made ! sugge/ion1 he w\ld probably n h ?\ght ( mak+ any su* return1 or ev5 any return at all1 = 8 si/]'s devot$ k9dness to him :5 he 0 sick4 ,9 o!r words1 ! s5tim5t ( gratitude 0 9 8 he>t1 or1 r1 ! capacity = x 0 !re1 b x ne$$ a little fo/]+ c>e to br+ x out into action4 ,& ! ?+ to be obs]v$ is1 t by ?is fo/]+ c>e x 0 n only br\ght out at ! "t1 b1 by be+ ?us br\ght out & drawn into action1 x 0 /r5g!n$ & made-to gr[1 s z to be ready to come out itself )\t be+ call$1 on ! next occasion4-,x 0 l a little plant j com+ out ( ! gr\nd "u influ5ces n altoge!r favorable4 ,x ne$s a little help & enc\ragem5t2 & ! aid t is giv5 by a few drops ( wat] at ! "r "t w br+ x =w>d & help x to atta9 soon su* a degree ( /r5g? & vigor z w make x indep5d5t ( all ext]nal aid4 ,b !re mu/ be consid]ation1 tact1 a prop] reg>d to circum/ances1 &1 above all1 !re mu/ be no secret & selfi% ends conceal$1 on ! "p ( ! "m 9 su* cases4 ,y may deluge & de/roy y\r little plant by ?r[+ on ! wat] r\ghly or rudely2 or1 9 ! case ( a boy ^u ^: m9d y seem to be endeavor+ to produce "s moral result1 y may really h 9 view "s object ( y\r own--y\r int]e/ 9 ! moral result be+ only a pret5se4 ,= in/ance1 ,egb]t1 "u circum/ances simil> to ^? recit$ above--9 respect to ! sickness ( ! boy1 & ! k9d att5tions ( 8 si/]--came to 8 "m "o aft]noon = p]mission to g a-fi%+ ) "s o!r boys :o _h call$ = him4 ,he 0 full ( excitem5t & en?usiasm at ! idea4 ,b 8 "m 0 n will+ to all[ him to g4 ,! wea!r 0 l[]+4 ,%e ?\ght t he _h n yet fully recov]$ 8 heal?2 & %e 0 afraid ( o!r dang]s4 ,in/ead ( say+ calmly1 aft] a mom5t's reflection1 to %[ t h] answ] 0 a delib]ate "o1 t he c\ld n g1 & !n quietly & firmly1 b )\t assign+ any reasons1 adh]+ to h] decision--a c\rse :i*1 ?\gh x c\ld n h sav$ ! boy f emotions ( disappo9tm5t1 w\ld be ! be/ = mak+ ^? feel+s z light & z brief 9 duration z possible--began to argue ! case ?us2 ,oh no1 ,egb]t1 ,i w\ld n g a-fi%+ ?is aft]noon1 if ,i 7 y4 ,i ?9k x is go+ to ra94 ,besides1 x is a nice cool day to "w 9 ! g>d51 & ,lucy w\ld l to h h] g>d5 made v mu*4 ,y "k t %e 0 v k9d to y :5 y 7 sick--h[ _m ?+s %e did = y2 & prep>+ h] g>d5 = h] w\ld be su* a nice way ( mak+ h] a return4 ,i am sure y w\ld n wi% to %[ y\rself ungrateful = s mu* k9dness4 ,!n foll[s a discussion ( "s m9utes1 9 :i* ,egb]t1 9 a fretful & teas+ tone1 p]si/s 9 urg+ 8 desire to g a-fi%+4 ,he c make ! g>d51 he says1 "s o!r day4 ,8 "m f9ally yields1 ?\gh ) great unwill+ness1 do+ all %e c to extract all graci\sness & sweetness f h] cons5t1 & to spoil ! pleasure ( ! excursion to ! boy1 by say+ z he goes away1 t %e is sure he ought n to g1 & t %e %all be uneasy ab\t him all ! "t t he is gone4 ,n[ x is pla9 t su* managem5t z ?is1 ?\gh x takes o/5sibly ! =m ( a plea on ! "p ( ! "m 9 favor ( a s5tim5t ( gratitude 9 ! he>t ( ! boy1 c h no effect 9 *]i%+ & br++ =w>d into life any su* s5tim5t1 ev5 if x %\ld be already exi/5t !re 9 a nasc5t /ate2 b c only t5d to make ! object ( x m selfi% & he>tless ?an ev]4 ,?us ! art ( cultivat+ ! s5tim5t ( gratitude1 z is ! case 9 all o!r dep>tm5ts ( moral tra9+1 c n be taught by def9ite lessons or le>n$ by rote4 ,x dem&s tact & skill1 &1 above all1 an hone/ & guileless s9c]ity4 ,! "m mu/ really look to1 & aim = ! actual moral effect 9 ! he>t ( ! *ild1 & n m]ely make =mal ef=ts o/5sibly = ?is end1 b really to accompli% "s tempor>y object ( h] own4 ,*ildr5 easily see ?r\gh all cov]t int5tions ( any k9d4 ,!y sometimes play ! hypocrite !mselves1 b !y are always great detectors ( hypocrisy 9 o!rs4 ,b g5tle & cauti\s ef=ts ( ! "r k9d--su* z require no high atta9m5ts on ! "p ( ! "m1 b only ! "r _s--w 9 "t "w wond]ful effects2 & ! "m :o p]sev]es 9 !m1 & :o does n expect ! fruits too soon1 w wat* ) great int]e/ = ! "t to arrive :5 h] boy w spontane\sly1 f ! prompt+s ( 8 own he>t1 take "s real tr\ble1 or submit to "s real privation or self-d5ial1 to give pleasure to h]4 ,%e w !n enjoy ! d\ble gratification1 fir/1 ( receiv+ ! pleasure1 :atev] x may be1 t h] boy has procur$ = h]1 & also ! joy ( f9d+ t ! t5d] plant :i* %e has wat*$ & wat]$ s long1 & :i* = a "t seem$ s frail t %e almo/ despair$ ( its ev] com+ to any good1 is really advanc$ to ! /age ( beg9n+ to be> fruit1 & giv+ h] an e>ne/ ( ! abundant fruits :i* %e may confid5tly expect f x 9 future ye>s4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,religi\s ,,tra9+4 ,x has be5 my aim 9 ?is volume to avoid1 z f> z possible1 all topics involv+ controv]sy1 & only to pres5t su* tru?s1 & to elucidate su* pr9ciples1 z c be easily made to comm5d !mselves to ! good s5se & ! favorable appreciation ( all ! classes ( m9ds likely to be f\nd among ! read]s ( ! "w4 ,!re are c]ta9 v important aspects ( ! religi\s "q :i* may be pres5t$1 ,i ?9k1 )\t any s]i\s deviation f ?is policy4 ,9 :at ,true ,piety consi/s4 ,inde$2 ,i ?9k !re is f> m real ?an seem+ agreem5t among p>5ts 9 respect to ?is subject1 or r a l>ge portion ( ! app>5t diff]5ce consi/s 9 diff]5t modes ( express+ 9 words ?\ghts & conceptions connect$ ) spiritual ?+s1 :i* f _! v nature c n any ( !m be adequately express$ 9 language at all2 & ?us x happ5s t :at are sub/antially ! same ideas are cu/om>ily clo!d by diff]5t classes ( p]sons 9 v diff]5t phraseology1 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 ! same set ( phrases actually repres5t 9 diff]5t m9ds v diff]5t sets ( ideas4 ,= in/ance1 !re is p]haps univ]sal agreem5t 9 ! idea t "s k9d ( *ange--a *ange1 too1 ( a v important "*--is impli$ 9 ! implant+ or develop+ ( ! _s ( piety 9 ! he>t ( a *ild4 ,!re is also univ]sal agreem5t 9 ! fact--(t5 v emphatically ass]t$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t--t ! ess5tial pr9ciples 9 :i* true piety consi/s are ^? ( entire submission 9 all ?+s to ! w ( ,god1 & cordial k9d feel+ t[>ds e man4 ,!re is endless disagreem5t1 & mu* e>ne/ cont5tion among diff]5t d5om9ations ( ,*ri/ians1 9 respect to ! means by :i* ! implant+ ( ^! pr9ciples is to be secur$1 & to ! modes 9 :i*1 :5 implant$1 !y w manife/ !mselves2 b !re is n1 s f> z w\ld appe>1 any diss5t :atev] any:]e f ! op9ion t ! end to be aim$ at is ! implant+ ( ^! pr9ciples--t is t x consi/s 9 br++ ! he>t to a /ate ( complete & cordial submission to ! au?ority & to ! w ( ,god1 & to a s9c]e reg>d = ! welf>e & happ9ess ( e human be+4 ,a ,"q ( ,words ,!re seems1 at fir/ view1 to be a special diff]5ce ( op9ion 9 respect to ! nature ( ! process by :i* ^! pr9ciples come to be implant$ or develop$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! "y2 = all mu/ admit t 9 e>ly infancy !y are n !re1 or1 at lea/1 t !y d n appe>4 ,no "o w\ld expect to f9d 9 two infants--tw9-bro!rs1 we w suppose--creep+ on ! floor1 ) "o apple betwe5 !m1 t !re c\ld be1 at t age1 any pr9ciples ( "r or ju/ice1 or ( bro!rly love exi/+ 9 _! he>ts t c\ld prev5t _! bo? cry+ & qu>rell+ = x4 ,true1 says "o2 b !re are g]ms ( ^? pr9ciples :i*1 9 "t1 w be develop$4 ,no1 rejo9s ano!r1 !re are no g]ms ( !m1 !re are only capacities = !m1 ?r\gh :i*1 by ,div9e p[]1 ! g]ms may h]eaft] be introduc$4 ,b :5 we reflect ^u ! difficulty ( =m+ any cle> & practical idea ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 a g]m--9 a bud ^u an apple-tree1 = in/ance--:i* may ultimately produce fruit1 & a capacity = produc+ x :i* may subsequ5tly be develop$1 & /ill m1 h[ difficult is x to picture to our m9ds :at is repres5t$ by ^! words 9 ! case ( a human s\l1 x w\ld seem z if ! app>5t diff]5ce 9 p's op9ions on su* a po9t mu/ be less a diff]5ce 9 respect to facts ?an 9 respect to ! phraseology by :i* ! facts %\ld be repres5t$4 ,& !re w\ld seem to be confirmation ( ?is view 9 ! fact t ! great app>5t diff]5ce among m5 9 reg>d to _! !oretical views ( human nature does n seem to produce any m>k$ diff]5ce 9 _! action 9 practically deal+ ) x4 ,"s p>5ts1 x is true1 habitually treat _! *ildr5 ) g5tl5ess1 k9dness1 & love2 o!rs are h>% & sev]e 9 all _! int]c\rse ) !m4 ,b we %\ld f9d1 on inve/igation1 t su* diff]5ces h v slight connection ) ! !oretical views ( ! nature ( ! human s\l :i* ! p>5ts respectively ent]ta94 ,p>5ts :o 9 _! !ories seem to ?9k ! wor/ ( ! native t5d5cies ( ! human he>t are (t5 z k9d & consid]ate & lov+ 9 _! deal+s ) x z any2 :ile no "o w\ld be at all surpris$ to f9d ano!r1 :o is v firm 9 8 belief 9 ! native t5d5cy ( *ildhood to good1 %[+ himself1 9 practically deal+ ) ! actual conduct ( *ildr51 fretful1 impati5t1 compla9+1 & v ready to recognize1 9 fact1 t5d5cies :i* 9 !ory he seems to d5y4 ,& s1 two bank directors1 or memb]s ( ! bo>d ( managem5t ( any indu/rial und]tak+1 :5 !y meet 9 ! /reet on ,sunday1 9 return+ f _! respective places ( public wor%ip1 if !y fall into conv]sation on ! moral nature ( man1 may f9d1 or ?9k !y f9d1 t !y diff] extremely 9 _! views1 & may ev5 ?9k ea* o!r bigot$ or h]etical1 z ! case may be2 b yet ! next day1 :5 !y meet at a session ( _! bo>d1 & come to ! "w ( actually deal+ ) ! conduct & ! motives ( m51 !y may f9d t !re is practically no diff]5ce betwe5 !m :atev]4 ,or1 if !re %\ld be any diff]5ce1 su* z w\ld %[ itself 9 a great] read9ess 9 "o ?an 9 ! o!r to place confid5ce 9 ! promises or to confide 9 ! integrity ( m51 ! diff]5ce w\ld1 9 g5]al1 h no p]ceptible relation :atev] to ! diff]5ce 9 ! !ological phraseology :i* !y h be5 accu/om$ to he> & to ass5t to 9 _! respective *ur*es4 ,all :i* seems to indicate1 z has already be5 said1 t ! diff]5ce 9 "q is r app>5t ?an real1 & t x implies less actual disagreem5t ab\t ! facts ( human nature ?an div]sity 9 ! phraseology by :i* ! facts are repres5t$4 ,ag5cy ( ! ,div9e ,_s4 ,x may1 h[ev]1 be said t 9 ?is respect1 if n 9 any o!r1 !re is a radical diff]5ce among p>5ts 9 respect to human nature1 9 relation to ! religi\s education ( *ildr5--namely1 t "s ?9k t ! implant+ ( ! "r pr9ciples ( rep5tance = all wrong-do+1 & s9c]e desires = ! future to con=m 9 all ?+s to ! w ( ,god1 & seek ! happ9ess & welf>e ( m51 c n come except by a special act ( ,div9e int]v5tion1 & is utt]ly beyond ! rea*--9 respect to any actual effici5cy--( all human in/rum5talities4 ,?is is no d\bt true2 b x is also no less true 9 respect to all ! p[]s & capacities ( ! human s\l1 z well z to ^? p]ta9+ to moral & religi\s duty4 ,if ! s\l itself is ! product ( ! creative ag5cy ( ,god1 all its p[]s & faculties mu/ be s1 &1 consequ5tly1 ! developm5t ( !m all--& !re c]ta9ly c be no reason = mak+ ! s5tim5t ( true & g5u9e piety an exception--mu/ be ! "w ( ! same creative p[]4 ,b "s "o may say4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 aft] all1 a diff]5ce2 = :ile we all admit t bo? ! orig9al entrance ( ! embryo s\l into exi/5ce1 & e /ep ( its subsequ5t progress & developm5t1 includ+ ! com+ into be+ & into action ( all its v>i\s faculties & p[]s1 are ! "w ( ! ,supreme creative p[]1 ! comm5cem5t ( ! div9e life 9 ! s\l is1 9 a special & peculi> s5se1 ! "w ( ! ,div9e h&4 ,& ?is also is d\btless true2 at lea/1 !re is a c]ta9 important tru? express$ 9 t /atem5t4 ,& yet :5 we attempt to picture to our m9ds two modes ( ,div9e action1 "o ( :i* is special & peculi>1 & ! o!r is n s1 we are v likely to f9d ourselves bewild]$ & confus$1 & we soon p]ceive t 9 mak+ su* inquiries we are go+ out ( our dep?--or1 9 o!r words1 are attempt+ to pass beyond ! limits :i* m>k ! pres5t b\nd>ies ( human k4 ,9 view ( ^! ?\ghts & sugge/ions1 9 ! tru? ( :i* x w\ld seem t all reasonable p]sons mu/ concur1 we may reasonably conclude t all p>5ts :o are will+ to look simply at ! facts1 & :o are n too mu* trammell$ by ! =ms ( phraseology to :i* !y are accu/om$1 mu/ agree 9 admitt+ ! sub/antial s\ndness ( ! foll[+ pr9ciples relat+ to ! religi\s education ( *ildr54 ,ord] ( ,developm5t 9 respect to diff]5t ,prop5sities & ,p[]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,in/9ct4 #a4 ,we mu/ n expect any p]ceptible awak5+ ( ! moral & religi\s s5tim5ts too soon1 nor feel disc\rag$ & di%e>t5$ because !y d n e>li] appe>2 =1 l all ! o!r high] attributes ( ! s\l1 !y p]ta9 to a portion ( ! m5tal /ructure :i* is n e>ly develop$4 ,x is ! gr\p ( purely animal in/9cts t fir/ %[ !mselves 9 ! "y1 & ^? ev51 z we see 9 ! "y ( ! l[] animals1 g5]ally appe> some:at 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y are requir$ = ! individual's good4 ,birds j hat*$ f ! egg seem to h1 = ! fir/ few days1 only "o in/9ct ready = action--t ( op5+ _! m\?s wide at ! approa* ( any ?+ t[>ds _! ne/4 ,ev5 ?is in/9ct is s imp]fect & immature t x c n di/+ui% betwe5 ! com+ ( _! "m & ! appe>ance ( ! face ( a boy pe]+ d[n ^u !m1 or ev5 ! ru/l+ ( ! leaves ar\nd !m by a /ick4 ,9 process ( "t1 z _! w+s become =m$1 ano!r in/9ct beg9s to appe>--t ( desir+ to use ! w+s & come =? into ! air4 ,! developm5t ( ?is in/9ct & ! gr[? ( ! w+s advance toge!r4 ,lat] /ill1 :5 ! prop] p]iod ( maturity arrives1 o!r in/9cts appe> z !y are requir$--su* z ! love ( a mate1 ! desire to con/ruct a ne/1 & ! pr9ciple ( mat]nal affection4 ,n[ !re is some?+ analog\s to ?is 9 ! ord] ( developm5t to be obs]v$ 9 ! progress ( ! human be+ ?r\gh ! p]iod ( infancy to t ( maturity1 & we mu/ n look = ! developm5t ( any p[] or susceptibility be=e its "t1 nor be too mu* tr\bl$ if we f9d t1 9 ! fir/ two or ?ree ye>s ( life1 ! animal prop5sities--:i* are m advanc$ 9 respect to ! organization :i* !y dep5d ^u--seem sometimes to ov]p[] ! high] s5tim5ts & pr9ciples1 :i*1 s f> z ! capacity = !m exi/s at all1 mu/ be yet 9 embryo4 ,we mu/ be will+ to wait = ea* to be develop$ 9 its own appo9t$ "t4 ,dep5d5ce ^u ,div9e ,aid4 #b4 ,any "o :o is ready to feel & to ackn[l$ge 8 dep5d5ce ^u ,div9e aid = any ?+ :atev] 9 ! gr[? & pres]vation ( 8 *ild1 w surely be ready to d s 9 respect to ! "w ( develop+ or awak5+ 9 8 he>t ! pr9ciples ( piety1 s9ce x mu/ be admitt$ by all t ! human s\l is ! highe/ ( all ! manife/ations ( ,div9e p[]1 & t t portion ( its /ructure on :i* ! exi/5ce & ex]cise ( ! moral & religi\s s5tim5ts dep5d is ! cr[n+ glory ( x4 ,x is "r1 !re=e--,i mean "r1 9 ! s5se ( be+ truly philosophical--t if ! p>5t feels & ackn[l$ges 8 dep5d5ce ^u ,div9e p[] 9 any ?+1 he %\ld specially feel & ackn[l$ge x "h2 :ile !re is no?+ s well adapt$ z a deep s5se ( ?is dep5d5ce1 & a dev\t & habitual recognition ( x1 & reliance ^u x1 to give e>ne/ness & effici5cy to 8 ef=ts1 & to furni% a solid gr\nd ( hope t !y w be cr[d$ ) success4 ,! ,*ri/ian ,p>adox4 #c4 ,! great pr9ciple s pla9ly taught 9 ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures--namely1 t :ile we dep5d ^u ! ex]cise ( ,div9e p[] = ! success ( all our ef=ts = our own spiritual improvem5t or t ( o!rs1 j z if we c\ld d no?+ ourselves1 we mu/ d e ?+ t is possible ourselves1 j u if no?+ 0 to be expect$ f ,div9e p[]--may be call$ ! ,*ri/ian p>adox4 ,"w out y\r own salvation ) fe> & trembl+1 = x is ,god t worke? 9 y bo? to w & to d4 ,x w\ld seem1 x might be ?\ght1 mu* m logical to say1 ,"w out y\r own salvation1 = !re is nobody to help y2 or1 ,x is n necess>y to make any ef=t y\rselves1 = x is ,god t worke? 9 y4 ,x seems /range & p>adoxical to say1 ,"w out y\r own salvation1 = x is ,god t worke? 9 y bo? to w & to d4 ,b 9 ?is1 z 9 all o!r p>adoxes1 ! difficulty is 9 ! explanation ( ! !ory1 & n 9 ! practical work+ ( x4 ,!re is 9 natural philosophy :at is call$ ! hydro/atic p>adox1 :i* consi/s 9 ! fact t a small quantity ( any liquid--z1 = example1 ! c(fee 9 ! nose ( ! c(fee-pot--w balance & su/a9 a v mu* l>g] quantity--z t conta9$ 9 ! body ( x--s z to keep ! surface ( ea* at ! same level4 ,"y /ud5ts involve !mselves sometimes 9 hopeless entanglem5ts among ! /eps ( ! ma!matical demon/ration %[+ h[ ?is c be1 b no h\sekeep] ev] meets ) any practical difficulty 9 mak+ h] c(fee re/ quietly 9 its place on acc\nt ( x4 ,! ,*ri/ian p>adox1 9 ! same way1 gives rise to a great deal ( metaphysical fl\nd]+ & bewild]m5t among "y !ologians 9 _! attempts to v9dicate & expla9 x1 b ! humble-m9d$ ,*ri/ian p>5t f9ds no difficulty 9 practice4 ,x comes v easy to him to d all he c1 j z if e ?+ dep5d$ ^u 8 ef=ts1 & at ! same "t to ca/ all 8 c>e ^u ,god1 j z if !re 0 no?+ at all t he himself c\ld d4 ,means mu/ be ,"r ,means4 #d4 ,we are apt to imag9e--or1 at lea/1 to act sometimes z if we imag9$--t our dep5d5ce ^u ! ,div9e aid = :at our ,savi\r1 ,jesus1 designat$ z ! new bir?1 makes "s diff]5ce 9 ! obligation on our "p to employ su* means z are naturally adapt$ to ! end 9 view4 ,if a g>d5]1 = example1 7 to p\r s& f 8 wat]+-pot ^u 8 fl[]s1 9 "t ( dr\ght1 in/ead ( wat]1 he might make some?+ l a plausible def5se ( 8 action1 9 reply to a remon/rance1 ?us3 ,i h no p[] to make ! fl[]s gr[ & bloom4 ,! secret processes on :i* ! successful result dep5ds are altoge!r beyond my rea*1 & 9 ! h&s ( ,god1 & he c j z easily bless "o k9d ( in/rum5tality z ano!r4 ,i am b\nd to d some?+1 x is true1 = ,i mu/ n be idle & in]t2 b ,god1 if he *ooses to d s1 c easily br+ out ! fl[]s into beauty & bloom1 h[ev] imp]fect & ill-adapt$ ! in/rum5talities ,i use may be4 ,he c z easily make use1 = ?is purpose1 ( s& z ( wat]4 ,n[1 al?\gh !re may be a c]ta9 plausibility 9 ?is reason+1 su* conduct w\ld appe> to e "o p]fectly absurd2 & yet _m p>5ts seem to act on a simil> pr9ciple4 ,a "m :o is f "t to "t1 dur+ ! week1 fretful & impati5t1 ev9c+ no s9c]e & he>ty consid]ation = ! feel+s1 /ill less = ! sub/antial welf>e & happ9ess1 ( ^? dep5d5t ^u h]2 :o %[s h] insubmission to ! w ( ,god1 by compla9ts & rep9+s at any ?+ unt[>d t befalls h]2 & :o ev9ces a selfi% love = h] own gratification--h] dresses1 h] p]sonal pleasures1 & h] fa%ionable /&+2 & !n1 z a means ( secur+ ! salvation ( h] *ildr51 is v /rict1 :5 ,sunday comes1 9 en=c+ ^u !m ! /udy ( _! ,sunday lessons1 or 9 requir+ !m to read good books1 or 9 repress+ on t day any undue exub]ance ( _! spirits--rely+ ^u ! bless+ ( ,god ^u h] endeavors--w be v apt to f9d1 9 ! end1 t %e has be5 wat]+ h] delicate fl[]s ) s&4 ,! means :i* we use to awak5 or imp>t ! feel+s ( sorr[ = s91 submission to ,god1 & cordial good-w to man1 9 :i* all true piety consi/s1 mu/ be means t are appropriate 9 !mselves to ! accompli%m5t ( ! end int5d$4 ,! appliance mu/ be wat]1 & n s&--or r wat] or s&1 ) judgm5t1 discrim9ation1 & tact2 = ! g>d5] (t5 f9ds t a judici\s mixture ( s& ) ! clayey & clammy soil ab\t ! roots ( 8 plants is j :at is requir$4 ,! pr9ciple is1 t ! appliance mu/ be an appropriate "o--t is1 "o indicat$ by a wise consid]ation ( ! circum/ances ( ! case1 & ( ! natural *>act]i/ics ( ! infantile m9d4 ,p[] ( ,sympa?y4 #e4 ,9 respect to religi\s influ5ce ov] ! m9ds ( *ildr51 z 9 all o!r dep>tm5ts ( e>ly tra9+1 ! t5d5cy to sympa!tic action betwe5 ! he>t ( ! *ild & ! p>5t is ! great s\rce ( ! p>5tal influ5ce & p[]4 ,! pr9ciple1 ,make a "y p]son love y1 & !n simply be 9 8 pres5ce :at y wi% him to be1 is ! secret ( success4 ,! t5d5cy ( "y *ildr5 to become :at !y see ^? ar\nd !m :om !y love are1 seems to be altoge!r ! mo/ univ]sally act+ & ! mo/ p[]ful ( ! influ5ces on :i* ! =mation ( ! "* dep5ds2 & yet x is rem>kable t we h no really appropriate "n = x4 ,we call x sometimes sympa?y2 b ! ^w sympa?y is associat$ m frequ5tly 9 our m9ds ) ! idea ( compassionate p>ticipation 9 ! suff]+s ( ^? we love4 ,sometimes we t]m x a _s ( imitation1 b t phrase implies r a consci\s ef=t to act l ^? :om we love1 ?an t involunt>y t5d5cy to become l !m1 :i* is ! real "* ( ! pr9ciple 9 "q4 ,! pr9ciple is 9 "s respects l :at is call$ induction 9 physical sci5ce1 :i* d5otes ! t5d5cy ( a body1 :i* is 9 any p>ticul> magnetic or electric condition1 to produce ! same condition1 & ! same direction ( pol>ity1 9 any simil> body plac$ ne> x4 ,!re is a sort ( moral induction1 :i* is n exactly sympa?y1 9 ! ord9>y s5se ( t ^w1 nor a desire ( imitation1 nor ! p[] ( example1 b an imm$iate1 spontane\s1 & ev5 unconsci\s t5d5cy to become :at ^? ar\nd u are4 ,?is t5d5cy is v /rong 9 ! "y :ile ! op5+ faculties are 9 ! c\rse ( =mation & developm5t1 & x is imm5sely /r5g!n$ by ! influ5ce ( love4 ,:atev]1 !re=e1 a "m wi%es h] *ild to be--:e!r a s9c]e1 hone/ ,*ri/ian1 submissive to ,god's w & consci5ti\s 9 ! dis*>ge ( e duty1 or pr\d1 va91 deceitful1 hypocritical1 & ph>isaical--%e has only to be ei!r ! "o or ! o!r h]self1 & )\t any special tea*+ h] *ild w be pretty sure to be a good copy ( ! model4 ,!ological ,in/ruction4 #f4 ,if ! pr9ciple above /at$ is correct1 x helps to expla9 :y s little good effect is ord9>ily produc$ by :at may be call$ in/ruction 9 !ological tru? on ! m9ds ( ! "y4 ,any sy/em ( !ological tru? consi/s ( gr& g5]alizations1 :i*1 l all o!r g5]alizations1 are v int]e/+1 & (t5 v pr(itable1 to mature m9ds1 especially to m9ds ( a c]ta9 class2 b !y are n appreciable by *ildr51 & c only 9 g5]al be receiv$ by !m z words to be fix$ 9 ! memory by rote4 ,p>ticul>s fir/1 g5]alizations aft]w>ds1 is1 or ought to be1 ! ord] ( progress 9 all acquisition ( k4 ,?is c]ta9ly has be5 ! c\rse pursu$ by ! ,div9e ,_s 9 ! moral tra9+ ( ! human race4 ,!re is v little sy/ematic !ology 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & x requires a consid]able degree ( +5uity to make out z mu* z ! !ologians desire to f9d ev5 9 ! tea*+s ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x is v well to ex]cise ?is +5uity1 & ! sy/ematic results :i* are to be obta9$ by x may be v int]e/+1 & v b5eficial1 to ^? ^: m9ds are mature en\gh to ent] into & appreciate !m4 ,b !y are n adapt$ to ! spiritual wants ( *ildr51 & c only be receiv$ by !m1 if !y are receiv$ at all1 9 a dry1 =mal1 me*anical mann]4 ,read1 !re=e1 ! /ories 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 or ! p>ables & disc\rses ( ,jesus 9 ! ,new1 )\t attempt+ to draw _m inf]5ces f !m 9 ! way ( !oretical belief1 b simply to br+ out to ! m9d & he>t ( ! *ild ! moral po9t int5d$ 9 ea* p>ticul> case1 & ! he>t ( ! *ild w be t\*$1 & he w receive an elem5t ( in/ruction :i* he c arrange & gr\p ) o!rs 9 !ological g5]alization by-&-by1 :5 8 faculties h advanc$ to ! g5]aliz+ /age4 ,no repulsive ,p]sonal ,applications4 #g4 ,9 read+ ! ,scriptures1 &1 inde$1 9 all =ms ( giv+ religi\s c\nsel or in/ruction1 we mu/ g5]ally bew>e ( pres5t+ ! ?\ghts t we communicate 9 ! =m ( reproa*ful p]sonal application4 ,!re may be exceptions to ?is rule1 b x is und\bt$ly1 9 g5]al1 a s\nd "o4 ,= ! "w :i* we h to d1 is n to attempt to drive ! he>t f ! wrong to ! "r by any repell5t action :i* ! wrong may be made to ex]t1 b to allure x by an attractive action ) :i* ! "r may be inve/$4 ,we mu/1 !re=e1 pres5t ! incid5ts & in/ructions ( ! ,^w 9 _! allur+ aspect--assum+1 9 a great measure1 t our little pupil w feel pleasure ) u 9 ! manife/ations ( ! "r1 & w sympa?ize ) u 9 disapproval ( ! wrong4 ,to secure !m to our side1 9 ! views :i* we take1 we mu/ %[ a disposition to take !m to x by an affectionate sympa?y4 ,our ,savi\r set u an excell5t example ( rely+ on ! sup]ior effici5cy ( ! bond ( sympa?y & love 9 its p[] ov] ! he>ts ( *ildr51 z comp>$ ) t ( =mal !ological in/ruction1 9 ! few glimpses :i* we h ( 8 mode ( deal+ ) !m4 ,:5 !y br\ght little *ildr5 to him1 he did n beg9 to exp\nd to !m ! pr9ciples ( ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 or ! !oretical aspects ( ! way ( salvation2 b took !m up 9 8 arms & bless$ !m1 & call$ ! att5tion ( ! by /&]s at ! same "t to qualities & *>act]i/ics :i* !y possess$ t he seem$ to reg>d ) special affection1 & :i* o!rs mu/ imitate to be fit = ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,( c\rse ! *ildr5 w5t away pleas$ & happy f su* an int]view1 & w\ld be made ready by x to receive gladly to _! he>ts any tru?s or s5tim5ts :i* !y might subsequ5tly he> attribut$ to "o :o 0 s k9d a fri5d to !m4 ,if1 h[ev]1 in/ead ( ?is1 he _h told !m--no matt] 9 :at k9d & g5tle tones--t !y _h v wick$ he>ts1 :i* mu/ be *ang$ be=e ei!r ,god or any good man c\ld truly love !m1 & t ?is *ange c\ld only be produc$ by a p[] :i* !y c\ld only und]/& to be "o ext]nal to !mselves1 & t !y mu/ e>ne/ly pray = x e day1 h[ diff]5t w\ld h be5 ! effect4 ,!y w\ld h li/5$ 9 mute di/ress1 w\ld h be5 glad to make _! escape :5 ! conv]sation 0 end$1 & w\ld %r9k f ev] see+ or he>+ aga9 "o :o plac$ himself 9 an attitude s uncong5ial to !m4 ,& yet all t might be true4 ,!y might h _h yet only su* appetites & prop5sities develop$ )9 !m z w\ld1 if !y cont9u$ to hold p>am\nt control ov] !m all _! lives1 make !m selfi%1 unfeel+1 & wick$ m52 & t !y 71 9 a special ?\gh my/]i\s mann]1 dep5d5t on ! ,div9e p[] = br++ into action )9 !m o!r & nobl] pr9ciples4 ,& s1 if a physician 7 call$ 9 to see a sick *ild1 he might see t x 0 9 desp]ate dang]1 & t unless some?+ c\ld be done1 & t spe$ily1 to arre/ ! disease1 8 little pati5t w\ld be dead 9 a few h\rs2 & yet to say t to ! poor *ild1 & ov]:elm x ) t]ror & di/ress1 w\ld n be a v suitable c\rse ( proc$ure = av]t+ ! appreh5d$ result4 ,judge n1 t ye be n judg$4 #h4 ,& ?is leads u to reflect1 9 ! eigh? place1 t we ought to be v c>eful1 9 our conv]sations ) *ildr51 & especially 9 addresses made to !m 9 ! ,sunday-s*ool1 or on any o!r occasion1 n to say any ?+ to imply t we consid] !m yet unconv]t$ s9n]s4 ,no "o c possibly "k at h[ e>ly an age t great *ange :i* consi/s 9 ! fir/ fa9t enk9dl+ ( ! ,div9e life 9 ! s\l may beg9 to take place1 nor ) :at faults1 & fail+s1 & yield+s to ! influ5ce ( ! m]e animal appetites & passions ( *ildhood x may1 = a "t1 co-exi/4 ,we %\ld nev]1 !re=e1 say any ?+ to *ildr5 to imply t1 9 ! great "q ( _! relations to ,god & ! ,savi\r1 we take x = grant$ t !y are on ! wrong side4 ,we c n possibly "k on :i* side !y really are1 & we only di%e>t5 & disc\rage !m1 & ali5ate _! he>ts f u1 & t5d to ali5ate !m f all good1 by seem+ to take x = grant$ t1 :ile we are on ! "r side1 !y are /ill ^u ! wrong4 ,we %\ld1 9 a ^w1 say we1 & n y1 9 address+ *ildr5 on religi\s subjects1 s z to imply t ! tru?s & s5tim5ts :i* we express are equally important & equally applicable to u z to !m1 & ?us avoid creat+ t feel+ ( be+ judg$ & condemn$ be=eh&1 & )\t evid5ce1 :i* is s apt to produce a broad ?\gh (t5 invisible gulf ( sep>ation 9 he>t betwe5 *ildr51 on ! "o h&1 & m9i/]s & memb]s ( ! ,*ur*1 on ! o!r4 ,promis$ ,rew>ds & ?reat5$ ,puni%m5ts4 #i4 ,x is necess>y to be extremely mod]ate & cauti\s 9 employ+ ! influ5ce ( promis$ rew>ds or ?reat5$ puni%m5ts z a means ( promot+ e>ly piety4 ,9 a religi\s po9t ( view1 z 9 e o!r1 goodness t is b\ght is only a pret5se ( goodness--t is1 9 reality x is no goodness at all2 & z x is true t love ca/e? out fe>1 s x is also true t fe> ca/e? out love4 ,suppose--?\gh x is almo/ too viol5t a supposition to be made ev5 = illu/ration's sake--t ! :ole ,*ri/ian _w c\ld be sudd5ly l$ to believe t !re 0 to be no happ9ess or suff]+ at all = !m beyond ! grave1 & t ! inducem5t to be grateful to ,god = 8 goodness & submissive to 8 w1 & to be w>mly int]e/$ 9 ! welf>e & happ9ess ( man1 7 h5ce=? to re/ on ! intr9sic excell5ce ( ^? pr9ciples1 & to _! con/itut+ ess5tially ! highe/ & noble/ developm5t ( ! moral & spiritual nature ( man--h[ _m ( ! pr(ess$ disciples ( ,jesus w\ld ab&on _! pres5t devotion to ! cause ( love to ,god & love to man8 ,n "o1 except ! hypocrites & pret5d]s6 ,! tru? is1 t z piety t is g5u9e & s9c]e mu/ re/ on v diff]5t f\ndations f hope ( future rew>d or fe> ( future puni%m5t1 s ?is hope & ?is fe> are v unsuitable in/rum5talities to be reli$ on = awak5+ x4 ,! k9d ( gratitude to ,god :i* we wi% to *]i% 9 ! m9d ( a *ild is n su* z w\ld be awak5$ t[>ds an e>?ly b5efactor by say+--9 ! case ( a pres5t made by an uncle1 = in/ance--,y\r uncle has made y a beautiful pres5t4 ,g & ?ank him v cordially1 & p]haps y w get ano!r4 ,x is r ( a k9d :i* might be induc$ by say+1 ,y\r uncle1 :o has be5 s k9d to y 9 pa/ ye>s1 is poor & sick1 & c nev] d any ?+ m = y n[4 ,w\ld y l to g & sit 9 8 sick-room to %[ y\r love = him1 & to be ready to help him if he wants any ?+8 ,true piety1 9 a ^w1 :i* consi/s 9 ent]+ into & /eadily ma9ta9+ ! "r moral & spiritual relations ) ,god & man1 m>ks ! highe/ condition :i* ! possibilities ( human nature all[1 & mu/ re/ 9 ! s\l :i* atta9s to x on a v diff]5t f\ndation f any ?+ l hope or fe>4 ,t !re is a function :i* x is ! prov9ce ( ^! motives to fulfill1 is abundantly prov$ by ! use t is sometimes made ( !m 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,b ! m we reflect ^u ! subject1 ! m we %all be conv9c$1 ,i ?9k1 t all su* consid]ations ought to be kept v mu* 9 ! back-gr\nd 9 our deal+s ) *ildr54 ,if a *ild is sick1 & is ev5 likely to die1 x is a v s]i\s "q :e!r any w>n+ giv5 to him ( 8 dang] w n op]ate z a h9drance r ?an a help1 9 awak5+ ^? feel+s :i* w con/itute ! be/ /ate ( prep>ation = ! *ange4 ,= a s5se ( gratitude to ,god = 8 goodness1 & to ! ,savi\r = ! sacrifice :i* he made = 8 sake1 p5it5ce = 8 s9s1 & tru/ 9 ! =giv+ m]cy ( 8 ,mak]1 are ! feel+s to be awak5$ 9 8 bosom2 & ^!1 s f> z !y exi/1 w lead him to lie quietly1 calmly1 & submissively 9 ,god's h&s1 )\t anxiety 9 respect to :at is be=e him4 ,x is a s]i\s "q :e!r an entire unc]ta9ty z to ! "t :5 8 dea? is to come is n m favorable to ! awak5+ ( ^! feel+s1 ?an ! /ate ( al>m & di/ress :i* w\ld be excit$ by ! ?\ght t x 0 ne>4 ,! ,reasonabl5ess ( ,g5tle ,measures 9 ,religi\s ,tra9+4 ,! "m may sometimes d]ive f c]ta9 religi\s consid]ations ! idea t %e is b\nd to look ^u ! moral del9qu5cies & dang]s :i* %e obs]ves 9 h] *ildr51 "u an aspect m /]n & sev]e ?an seems to be "h recomm5d$4 ,b a little reflection mu/ conv9ce u t ! way to true rep5tance (1 & turn+ f s91 is n necess>ily ?r\gh ! suff]+ ( t]ror & di/ress4 ,! ,gospel is n an in/rum5tality = produc+ t]ror & di/ress1 ev5 z means to an end4 ,x is an in/rum5tality = sav+ u f ^! ills2 & ! ,div9e ,_s1 9 ! hidd5 & my/]i\s influ5ce :i* x ex]cises 9 =m+1 or trans=m+1 ! human s\l into ! image ( ,god1 mu/ be z ready1 x w\ld seem1 to sanction & bless ef=ts made by a "m to allure h] *ild away f its s9s by lov+ & g5tle invitations & enc\ragem5ts1 z any attempts to drive h] f !m by ! ag5cy ( t]ror or pa94 ,x w\ld seem t no "o :o rememb]s ! way 9 :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ dealt ) ! *ildr5 t 7 br\ght to him c\ld possibly h any d\bt ( ?is4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,conclusion4 ,any p]son :o has acquir$ ! art ( exam9+ & analyz+ 8 own ?\ghts w g5]ally f9d t ! m5tal pictures :i* he =ms ( ! l&scapes1 or ! int]iors1 9 :i* ! sc5es are laid ( ! ev5ts or incid5ts relat$ 9 any "w ( fiction :i* int]e/s him1 are modell$ m or less closely f prototypes previ\sly exi/+ 9 8 own m9d1 & g5]ally ^u ^? furni%$ by ! exp]i5ces ( 8 *ildhood4 ,if1 = example1 he reads an acc\nt ( transactions repres5t$ z tak+ place 9 an ,engli% palace or ca/le1 he w usually1 on a c>eful scrut9y1 f9d t ! basis ( 8 conception ( ! sc5e is d]iv$ f ! arrangem5t ( ! rooms ( "s f9e h\se ) :i* he 0 famili> 9 e>ly life4 ,?us1 a great _m ?+s :i* attract our att5tion1 & impress !mselves ^u our memories 9 *ildhood1 become ! models & prototypes--m or less aggr&iz$ & improv$1 p]haps--( ! conceptions & images :i* we =m 9 lat] ye>s4 ,nature ( ! ,effect produc$ by ,e>ly ,impressions4 ,few p]sons :o h n specially reflect$ on ?is subject1 or exam9$ closely ! op]ations ( _! own m9ds1 are aw>e :at an ext5d$ influ5ce ! images ?us /or$ 9 ! m9d 9 *ildhood h 9 =m+ ! basis1 or furni%+ ! elem5ts ( ! m5tal /ructures ( future life4 ,b ! tru?1 :5 once und]/ood1 %[s ( :at va/ importance x is ) :at images ! y\?ful m9d is to be /or$4 ,a *ild :o asc5ds a l(ty m\nta91 "u favorable circum/ances 9 8 *ildhood1 has 8 conceptions ( all ! m\nta9 sc5]y t he reads (1 or he>s ( ?r\gh life1 modifi$ & aggr&iz$ by ! impression made ^u 8 s5sorium at ?is e>ly /age4 ,take y\r daught]1 :o has always1 we w suppose1 liv$ 9 ! c\ntry1 on an excursion ) y to ! sea-%ore1 & all[ h] to witness = an h\r1 z %e sits 9 sil5ce on ! cliff1 ! surf roll+ 9 incessantly ^u ! bea*1 & inf9itely ! smalle/ "p ( ! effect is ! day's gratification :i* y h giv5 h]4 ,t is comp>atively no?+4 ,y h made a life-long *ange1 if n 9 ! v /ructure1 at lea/ 9 ! p]man5t furni%+ ( h] m9d1 & p]=m$ a "w t c nev] by any possibility be undone4 ,! images :i* h be5 awak5$ 9 h] m9d1 ! emotions connect$ ) !m1 & ! effect ( ^! images & emotions ^u h] faculties ( imag9ation & conception1 w infuse a life into !m :i* w make h]1 9 respect to ?is aspect ( h] spiritual nature1 a diff]5t be+ z long z %e lives4 ,! ,nature & ,orig9 ( g5]al ,ideas4 ,x is ! same sub/antially 9 respect to all ^? ab/ract & g5]al ideas on moral or o!r k9dr$ subjects :i* con/itute ! m5tal furni%+ ( ! adult man1 & h s great an influ5ce 9 ! =mation ( 8 habits ( ?\ght & ( 8 "*4 ,!y are *iefly =m$ f comb9ations ( ! impressions made 9 *ildhood4 ,a p]son's idea ( ju/ice1 = in/ance1 or ( goodness1 is a g5]alization ( ! v>i\s in/ances ( ju/ice or goodness :i* ev] came to 8 k2 & ( c\rse1 among ! mat]ials ( ?is g5]alization ^? in/ances t 7 br\ght to 8 m9d dur+ ! impressible ye>s ( *ildhood mu/ h tak5 a v prom95t "p4 ,e /ory1 !re=e1 :i* y relate to a *ild to exemplify ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice or goodness takes its place1 or1 r1 ! impression :i* x makes takes its place1 z "o ( ! elem5ts out ( :i* ! ideas t are to gov]n 8 future life are =m$4 ,va/ ,importance & ,influ5ce ( ?is m5tal ,furni%+1 ,= ! ideas & g5]alizations ?us ma9ly =m$ f ! images & impressions receiv$ 9 *ildhood become1 9 lat] ye>s1 ! elem5ts ( ! ma*9]y1 s to speak1 by :i* all 8 m5tal op]ations are p]=m$4 ,?us !y seem to con/itute m ?an ! m]e furniture ( ! m9d2 !y =m1 z x 71 almo/ a "p ( ! /ructure itself4 ,s true1 inde$1 is ?is1 & s engross+ a "p does :at rema9s 9 ! m9d ( =m] impressions play 9 its subsequ5t action1 t "s philosoph]s h ma9ta9$ t ! :ole ( ! actual consci\sness ( man consi/s only 9 ! resultant ( all ^! impressions pres]v$ m or less imp]fectly by ! memory1 & made to m+le toge!r 9 "o inf9itely complicat$ b h>moni\s :ole4 ,)\t go+ to any su* extreme z ?is1 we c easily see1 on reflection1 h[ va/ an influ5ce on ! ideas & conceptions1 z well z on ! pr9ciples ( action 9 mature ye>s1 mu/ be ex]t$ by ! nature & "* ( ! images :i* ! p]iod ( infancy & *ildhood impresses ^u ! m9d4 ,all p>5ts %\ld1 !re=e1 feel t x is n m]ely ! pres5t welf>e & happ9ess ( _! *ild t is conc]n$ 9 _! secur+ to him a tranquil & happy *ildhood1 b t 8 capacity = enjoym5t ?r\gh life is greatly dep5d5t ^u x4 ,!y are1 9 a v important s5se1 intru/$ ) ! "w ( build+ up ! /ructure ( 8 s\l = all "t1 & x is incumb5t ^u !m1 ) ref]5ce to ! future z well z to ! pres5t1 to be v c>eful :at mat]ials !y all[ to g into ! "w1 z well z 9 :at mann] !y lay !m4 ,among ! o!r be>+s ( ?is ?\ght1 x gives great weight to ! importance ( employ+ g5tle measures 9 ! managem5t & tra9+ ( ! "y1 provid$ t su* measures c be made effectual 9 ! accompli%m5t ( ! end4 ,! pa9 produc$ by an act ( ha/y & angry viol5ce to :i* a fa!r subjects 8 son may soon pass away1 b ! memory ( x does n pass away ) ! pa94 ,ev5 ! remembrance ( x may at l5g? fade f ! m9d1 b !re is /ill an effect :i* does n pass away ) ! remembrance4 ,e /rong impression :i* y make ^u 8 p]ceptive p[]s mu/ h a v la/+ influ5ce1 & ev5 ! impression itself may1 9 "s cases1 be =ev] indelible4 ,let u1 !n1 take c>e t ^! impressions %all be1 z f> z possible1 su* z %all be s\rces ( enjoym5t = !m 9 future ye>s4 ,x is true t we mu/ gov]n !m4 ,!y are committ$ to our *>ge dur+ ! long "t :i* is requir$ = ! gradual unfold+ ( _! embryo p[]s = ! express purpose t dur+ t int]val !y may be guid$ by our reason1 & n by _! own4 ,we c n surr5d] ?is tru/4 ,b !re is a way ( fai?fully fulfill+ ! duties ( x--if we h disc]nm5t to see x1 & skill to foll[ x--:i* w make ! ye>s ( _! *ildhood ye>s ( tranquillity & happ9ess1 bo? to ourselves & to !m4 ,,! ,,end4 ,footnote ,a3 ,see ,frontispiece4 ,endnote ,b3 ,! ,bo/on ,congregationali/4