file which includes the original illustration4 ,see #aafaf-;h4htm or #aafaf-;h4zip3 7http3_/_/www4ibiblio4org_/gutenberg_/#a _/a_/f_/a_/aafaf_/aafaf-;h_/#aafaf-;h4ht m7 or 7http3_/_/www4ibiblio4org_/gutenberg_/#a _/a_/f_/a_/aafaf_/aafaf-;h4zip7 ,,the ,,mirror ,,of ,,literature1 ,,amusement1 ,,and ,,instruction4 ,,vol4 #ai4 ,no4 #eeb4 ,,saturday1 ,,june #af1 #ahcb4 ,,price #b;d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,brahmin ,,bull1 ,,in ,,the ,,zoological ,,gardens1 ,,regent',s ,,park4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,brahmin ,,bull1 ,,in ,,the ,,zoological ,,gardens1 ,,regent',s ,,park4 ,the ,zoological ,society possess several ,zebus1 or ,indian oxen4 ,these were formerly considered a distinct species1 but zoologists are now of opinion that the ,zebu is merely a variety of the common ox1 although1 as ,mr4 ,bennett observes1 it is difficult to ascertain the causes by which the distinctive characters of the two races have been in the process of time gradually produced4#a ,their anatomical structure is precisely the same1 and the only circumstances in which the two animals differ consist in the fatty hump on the shoulders of the ,zebu1 and in the somewhat more slender and delicate make of its legs4 #a ,gardens and ,menageries of the ,zoological ,society ,delineated ,quadrupeds--vol4 i4 ,the object of the ,zoological ,society in their collection of ,zebus is the introduction of an improved breed of oxen4 ,the larger specimens are kept at the farm at ,kingston ,hill1 and only a pair of small ones are reserved for the ,gardens1 in addition to the ,brahmin ,bull1 who occupies the central division of the ,cattle ,shed4 ,illustration3 ,brahmin ,bull in ,cattle ,shed4 ,the specimen before us has been received by the ,society from ,india1 and is one of the largest that has ever been seen in ,europe4 ,it is equal in size to the larger breeds of our native oxen1 and is of a slaty grey on the body and head2 with cream-coloured legs and dewlap1 the latter exceedingly long and pendulous2 very short horns directed upwards and outwards2 and ears of great proportional magnitude1 and so flexible and obedient to the animal's will as to be moved in all directions with the greatest facility4 ,although a full-grown male1 he is perfectly quiet1 good-tempered1 and submissive1 and receives the caresses of strangers with apparent satisfaction4 ,the whole of the breeds of ,zebus are treated with great veneration by the ,hindoos1 who hold it sinful to deprive them of life under any pretext whatever4 ,they are in general used as beasts of draft1 principally for purposes of husbandry1 but a select number 7of which the specimen before us is one17 are exempted from all services1 and even idolized4 ,bishop ,heber1#b calls them ,brahminy ,bulls1 and tells us they are turned out when calves1 on different solemn occasions by wealthy ,hindoos1 as an acceptable offering to ,siva4 ,it would be a mortal sin to strike or injure them4 ,they feed where they choose1 and devout persons take great delight in pampering them4 ,they are exceeding pests in the villages near ,calcutta1 breaking into gardens1 thrusting their noses into the stalls of fruiterers and pastry-cook's shops1 and helping themselves without ceremony4 ,like other petted animals1 they are sometimes mischievous1 and are said to resent with a push of their horns any delay in gratifying their wishes4 #b ,narrative of a ,journey through the ,upper ,provinces of ,india1 vol4 i4 #dto41 #ahbh4 ,we may here in connexion with the ,zoological ,gardens1 not inappropriately introduce the following graphic passage from the concluding ,number of ,mr4 ,landseer's ,characteristic ,sketches of ,animals4 ,it appears as a ,note by the ,editor1 ,mr4 ,john ,barrow1 and represents the labours of the ,zoological ,society as very gratifying to the subscribers and the public4#c #c ,we are indebted to the ,literary ,gazette of ,saturday last for early cognizance of this extract4 ,by the spirit and perseverance with which they have succeeded in domiciling their magnificent collection of living animals in the ,regent's ,park--by the knowledge and experience they have evinced in the arrangements adopted in that establishment1 and the good taste1 skill1 and industry1 they have employed in carrying into effect its multiplied details--they have accomplished a task of far higher importance1 and of infinitely nobler character1 than that of merely providing for all classes of an enlightened metropolis an additional source of amusement and recreation4 ,such a collection1 so maintained and so displayed1 advances--slowly but certainly--the best interests of morals and philosophy4 ,the curiosity which it excites1 the gratification it affords1 operate1 though with differing degrees of intensity1 on the most uncultivated and the best informed of those who visit it1 to beget inquiry and awaken reflection2 and in what can inquiry and reflection1 thus originated1 determine1 but in producing or extending the most sublime impressions of the beneficence1 the power1 and the providence1 of the ,great ,author of ,creation8 ,the physical mechanism of birds1 the muscular energies of brutes1 strike us at first with wonder1 or move us with mingled terror and delight2 but the activity of the human mind will not suffer us long to remain at this point of simple excitement4 ,we involuntarily begin to analyze the properties of animals1 the relations of their structure to those properties1 the adaptation of the parts to the whole of that structure1 and the conformity of their physical endowment and their instincts to the various habitats or regions in which they respectively exist4 ,whether we reason from causes to effects1 as from instinct to habit2 or endeavour1 upon an inverted process1 to arrive from the consideration of effects at causes1 as from habit to instinct2 or attempt1 upon the analysis and analogies of admitted facts in the natural history of one animal1 to deduce a theory of the history of another1--we shall find this mysterious but beautiful chain of relation and adaptation unbroken1 impassable1 perpetual4 99 99 99 99 99 ,observe how this infant colony1 of which we are especially speaking1 has already been peopled6 ,the majestic rusa1 captured in the sultry forests of ,bengal1 and the elegant gazelle1 which has once bounded over the parching deserts of ,barbary1 have become intimate and make their couch with the white reindeer1 brought from the icy wastes of ,lapland4 ,the misshapen but harmless kangaroo of ,new ,holland is a fellow-lodger with the ferocious gnu of ,southern ,africa2 and the patient llama1 who has left the snowy sides and precipitous defiles of the ,andes1 contemplates without terror its formidable neighbours1 the wolf of the ,pyrenees1 and the bear of the stupendous mountains of ,thibet4 ,in the immediate vicinity of the sacred bull1 whose consecrated life has heretofore been passed in luxurious freedom or insolent enjoyment on the banks of the ,ganges or the ,jumna--feeds the gaunt and shaggy bison1 which crops with sullen tranquillity a herbage more nutritious but less grateful to him than he loved to cull among the stony pastures of the ,alleghany range1 or of the howling solitudes surrounding ,hudson's ,bay4 ,though thousands of leagues have interposed between the arid sands from which they have been imported into this peaceful and common home1 the camel of the ,thebais1 as he ruminates in his grassy parterre1 surveys with composed surprise the wild dog of the ,tierra del ,fuego and the sharp-eyed dingo of ,australia4 ,around the ghastly sloth-bear1 disentombed from his burrows in the gloomiest woods of ,mysore or ,canara--and his more lively congener of ,russia--the armadillo of ,brazil and the pine marten of ,norway display a vivacity of action and a cheerfulness of gesture which captivity seems powerless to repress4 ,the elephant of ,ceylon1 and the noble wapiti of the ,canadas1 repose beneath the same roof2 and from his bath1 or his pavilion1 the ,arctic bear contemplates--not his native rocks and solitudes1 the crashing of icebergs1 and the ,polar seas1 alternately lashed into terrific fury or hemmed in by accumulating precipices of ice2 but--monkeys of almost every size1 form1 and family1 which gambol in the woods of ,numidia or ,gundwana2 in the loftiest trees of ,sumatra2 on the mountains of ,java2 by the rivers of ,paraguay and ,hindustan2 of ,south ,america and ,south ,asia2 among the jungly banks of the ,godavery and the woody shores of the ,pamoni1 of the ,oroonoko1 and the ,bramahputra--in short1 in every sunny clime and region where the rigours of his own winter are not only unknown1 but inconceivable4 ,there is something sublime in the mere consideration of the prodigious remoteness from one another of the various points from which these animals have thus been collected2 something gratifying to human pride1 in the thought that neither the freezing atmosphere of the countries which surround the ,pole1 nor the fierce heats of those which lie beneath the ,line1 or are enclosed between the ,tropics--neither destructive climates1 nor trackless deserts1 nor stormy oceans1 can interpose obstacles powerful enough to quell the enterprise of man6--that the rocky caverns of the loneliest sea-coasts1 and the deepest recesses of inland forests1 are insufficient to protect from him the most terrible beasts of prey which inhabit them2--and that1 in short1 all the kingdoms of nature pay tribute to his sagacity or his power1 his courage or his curiosity4 ,this feeling is heightened1 amidst the scene we have attempted to describe1 by still more numerous representatives of the feathered race4 ,birds of the boldest wing and brightest hues--the denizens of the woods and the waters--of every variety of plumage1 habit1 song1 and size--from the splendid macaw and toucan to the uncouth pelican and the shapeless puffin--from the gigantic ostrich to the beautiful but diminutive golden wren2 in short1 all the birds which are congregated in this spot come1 literally1 from every corner of our globe4 ,the great alpine vulture may have sailed above the heights of ,hohenlinden2 the ,egyptian vulture have roosted on the terraced roofs of ,cairo1 or among the sacred walls of ,phyl2 the condor1 have built in the ruined palaces of the ,incas of ,peru2 the flamingo or the ibis have waded through the lakes and marshes which surround the desolation of ,babylon2 the eagle of ,america have ranged1 perhaps daily1 over those narrow straits which separate two worlds and bid defiance to all navigation6 ,the emu has long since tracked the vast interior of that fifth continent whose inland rivers1 tribes of mankind1 quadrupeds1 and mineral and vegetable productions1 remain still1 to us1 sealed mysteries4 ,the crowned crane has drawn its food from the waters of that vast lake of ,tschad1 in the search for which so many ,europeans have perished2 the little stormy petrel1 borne on the surge1 or wafted by the gale1 has travelled to every shore that has been visited by the tempests in which it loves to rove2 and the wandering stork1 like the restless swallow1 has nestled1 indifferently1 among the chimneys of ,amsterdam1 the campaniles of ,rome or of ,pisa1 and on the housetops of ,timbuctoo4 ,in looking round upon these various birds and quadrupeds of all the regions of our globe--in considering the distant countries of their birth--their strangeness to us in feature or in form--the endless varieties of their instincts1 their habits1 their affections1 their antipathies1 their appetites--the several important offices they are destined to perform in what may be called the physical economy of the world1--in observing the powers of offence in some1 of defence in others1 and the astonishing means which have been supplied to certain classes of them destitute both of one and the other1 of procuring their subsistence with equal facility1--it is surely impossible not to ascend to the contemplation of that all-wise and benevolent ,power which has called all these creations into being1 and thus informed and thus endowed them6 99 99 99 99 99 ,,st4 ,,pancras ,,old ,,church4 7,to the ,editor47 ,in ,no4 #edf1 of ,the ,mirror1 you gave a ,history of ,old ,saint ,pancras ,church4 ,will you allow me to say that it is not at a ,church in the ,south of ,france1 where prayers are said for the souls of those that are buried here1 but at the ,church of ,st4 ,peter1 at ,rome4 ,a writer in the ,morning ,herald of ,august1 #ahbe1 states thus3 ,the ,history of the ,old ,church of ,saint ,pancras is not a little singular2 it is one of the oldest in the county of ,middlesex1 and the parish it belongs to one of the largest1 being eighteen miles in circumference4 ,the name was sent from ,rome by the ,pope1 expressly for this church1 which has the only general ,catholic burial ground in ,england2 and mass is daily said in ,st4 ,peter's1 at ,rome1 for the repose of the souls of the faithful1 whose bodies are deposited therein2 and it was also the last church in ,england whose bell tolled for mass1 or in which any ,catholic rites were celebrated4 ,a few months ago an ,italian showed me an ,italian prayer-book1 in which was a coloured drawing of ,st4 ,pancras ,church2 he told me it was held in great veneration at ,rome1 and prayers are said daily in ,st4 ,peter's1 for its prosperity1 and it is considered to be the oldest church now standing in ,europe4 ,a writer in the ,gentleman's ,magazine1 #agdi1 states thus3 ,christ's sacred altar here first ,britain saw4 ,saint ,pancras is included in that land granted by ,ethelbert1 the fifth ,king of ,kent1 to the ,cathedral ,church of ,st4 ,paul1 ,london1 about the year #fjc4 ,the first mention that has been found to be made of this church1 occurs in the year #aahc2 but it does not appear whether it was1 or was not1 of recent erection4 ,it is said there was a silver tomb in this church1 which was probably taken away at the time of the commonwealth4 ,about a mile from the church1 in a field in ,kentish ,town1 is the ,gospel ,oak1 under which1 tradition says1 that ,saint ,austin1 or one of his monks1 preached4 ,near the church was a medicinal spa1 which once attained some celebrity under the name of ,st4 ,pancras' ,well1 and was held in such estimation as to occasion great resort of company to it during the season4 ,it is said the water was tasteless1 but had a slight cathartic property4 ,dr4 ,stukely1 in a work published in #agef1 says there was a ,roman camp where ,st4 ,pancras ,church stands4 ,the old church was repaired in #ahbg1 when the old gallery was taken down4 ,it was reopened under the name of ,st4 ,pancras ,chapel1 ,august #ahbh1 by the ,rev4 ,james ,moore1 ,l4,l4,d41 the ,vicar2 on which occasion he delivered a lecture1 in which he gave a history of the church4 ,since the year #ahbb1 five new churches have been erected in this parish3 the ,new ,st4 ,pancras ,church1 ,euston-square2 ,regent ,church1 ,sidmouth-street2 ,somers ,church1 ,seymour-street2 ,camden ,church1 ,pratt-street2 and ,highgate ,church1 on the ,hill4 ,the first ,bishop of ,calcutta1 the ,rev4 ,thomas ,fanshaw ,middleton1 ,d4,d4 was ,vicar of ,st4 ,pancras4 ,he died of a stroke of the sun1 on the #hth of ,july1 #ahbb4 ,a ,parishioner of ,st4 ,pancras4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,mary ,,of ,,cambria4--,a ,,sonnet4 7,for the ,mirror47 ,there was a maiden once would come and sit ,upon our mountain1 the long summer day2 ,and watch'd the sun1 till he had beauteous lit ,the mist-envelop'd rocks of ,mona grey3 ,beneath whose base1 the timid hinds would say1 ,her lover perish'd2 and from that dread hour1 ,bereft of reason's mind ennobling ray1 ,poor ,mary droop'd3 ,llanellian's fairest flower6 ,why gazeth she thus lone2 can those soft eyes ,interpret aught in each dim cloud above8 ,yes1 there's more joy in her wild phantasies ,than reasons in its sober power could prove4 ,list to her wild laugh now2 she smiles and cries1 ,it is my ,william's form2 he beckons from you skies4 ,the ,author of a ,tradesman's ,lays#d #d ,in our correspondent's notice of ,mrs4 ,hemans in ,no4 #eej1 for ,lady then1 read this ,lady4 ,this little metrical record is founded on fact4 ,in the year #ahjh1 a young female visited the grey1 sterile mountain tract of ,cefu ,ogo1 in ,denbighshire1 each day successively for two months4 ,her lover1 who was a seaman on board one of the ,welsh traders1 had often met her there1 and a tranquil1 uninterrupted walk it afforded them1 for exchanging the reciprocities of their mutual affection4 ,he was lost not far from the iron-bound coast of ,carnarvonshire1 but nearer towards ,anglesea4 ,i saw her frequently1 and her demeanour was most peaceable1 except towards the evening1 when her benighted fancy would conjure up a variety of pleasing expressions1 which were uttered in the ,welsh language2 and were invariably directed towards her lover1 whom she often fancied was present with her4 ,i was happy to hear1 that through the kind superintendence of the late ,dr4 ,jones1 of ,denbigh1 she in a great measure recovered her faculties1 but died two or three years after at ,liverpool4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,shaksperiana4 7,for the ,mirror47 ,each scene of many-colour'd life he drew ,exhausted worlds1--and then imagin'd knew4 ,,johnson4 ,so much has been said1 and said so well1 respecting the writings of ,shakspeare and the peculiar character of his genius1 that it would be a hopeless as well as a presumptuous task to attempt adding anything to public information on that head4 ,but ,i know not that any one has ventured to point out a few of those instances in which our great dramatist has stooped to plagiarize4 ,that he must have done so1 at least occasionally1 is a matter of course1 as no voluminous writings were ever given to the world that were not the result of study as well as original thought1 for genius must ever be corrected by judgment1 and what is judgment but the child of experience and study8 ,observation alone can tell us1 that man is an imitative animal1 and philosophy teaches us that his ideas are not innate2 he must borrow them at first in a simple form from those around him1 and though by the association of these ideas1 and the gradual extension and improvement of them1 he may eventually generate new ones1 yet some traces cannot but remain of what was originally lodged in the mind1 and will come into play as occasion may call them forth4 ,shakspeare was a perfect master of human nature1 but he was a master of our language as well2 he was indeed one of those who have improved it1 but he could never have himself arrived at the degree of perfection in which he found it1 had he not derived assistance from others1 and made himself intimately acquainted with our purest national works of talent4 ,thus1 he could never have been so ignorant as he is said to have been of ,english literature4 ,little is known of ,shakspeare's earlier years1 except that he was sent to the free school at ,stratford1 where he acquired the rudiments of the learned languages2 that he was never a distinguished classic is certain1 but it is equally certain that he must have been acquainted with the ,greek dramatists by the use of translations1 though he may not have had scholarship enough to study them in the original4 ,so many parallel passages might be drawn from this source1 that the task would be an endless one2 besides the fact is so well known and admitted1 that it would be unnecessary4 ,we find him1 says ,mr4 ,pope1 very knowing in all the customs of antiquity4 ,in ,julius ,caesar1 ,coriolanus1 and other plays where the scene is laid at ,rome1 not only the spirit but the manners of the ancient ,romans is exactly shown1 and his reading in the ancient historians is no less conspicuous4 ,it is well known at the universities of this country1 that on any public examination1 be the play either tragic or comic1 the students are frequently required to produce parallel passages from the writings of ,shakspeare3 now it might indeed with some reason be supposed that occasionally the same ideas would present themselves to different minds1 and where two writers are equally well acquainted with the nature of man1 and equally skilled in analyzing his passions1 it might well1 ,i say1 be supposed1 that such true and acute observation would suggest similar ideas1 and perhaps even the same method of defining them4 ,yet when this similarity is frequent instead of occasional1 when the unusual peculiarity of the sentiment renders it startling and suspicious1 then the above supposition becomes too extensive even for prejudice to admit4 ,such however is the case here1 and so the matter stands between ,shakspeare and the ancient dramatists4 ,even some of the machinery he has made use of is not his own4 ,thus1 the seemingly ingenious introduction of ,the ,play into ,hamlet1 is borrowed from an old ,greek drama1 where ,alexander1 the tyrant of ,pharos1 is struck with remorse for his crimes upon viewing similar cruelties to his own1 practised upon the stage4 ,at that earlier period of literature when ,shakspeare flourished1 books were few in number1 and consequently scarce2 yet there can be no doubt that our author seized every opportunity of improving and strengthening his mind3 whether he had any acquaintance with the modern languages is unknown1 but he has certainly introduced many ,french scenes in his works1 and he has taken several of his plots1 such as that of ,romeo and ,juliet1 from the ,italians4 ,as to his own language1 he is said to have made the poems of ,chaucer principally his study1 so that it would not be quite fair to produce any plagiarisms from that writer2 but ,i give the reader a few specimens of ,english literature taken from other quarters1 which seem to have afforded ,shakspeare ideas1 or else matter1 to work upon4 ,the following passage is from one of our oldest dramas1 and it will readily call to the recollection of the reader1 the celebrated speech of ,claudio in ,measure for ,measure3 ,to die is sure to go we know not whither1 ,we lie in silent darkness1 and we rot4 ,perhaps the spirit1 which is future life1 ,dwells1 salamander-like1 unharm'd in fire1 ,or else with wand'ring winds is blown about ,the world2 but if condemned like those ,whom our uncertain thought imagines howling1 ,then the most loath'd and the most weary life1 ,which age1 ache1 penury or imprisonment ,can lay on nature1 is a ,paradise4 ,to what we fear of death4 ,the sentences that follow are from a small historical work ,i have fallen in with1 written in old ,english1 but without its date2 about a fourth part of the matter contained in this little book is to be found woven into the different historical plays of ,shakspeare1 but the underwritten extracts are very nearly in his own words1 allowing1 of course1 for the more poetical expression4 7,fall of ,wolsey47 ,being near his end1 he called ,sir ,william ,kingston to him1 and said1 ',pray1 present my duty to his majesty1 who is a noble and gallant prince1 and of a resolved mind1 for he will venture the loss of his kingdom1 rather than be contradicted in his desires4 ,and now1 ,mr4 ,kingston1 had ,i but served my ,god as diligently as ,i have served the king1 he never would have forsaken me in my grey hairs6' 7,compare this with ,cardinal ,wolsey's speech to ,cromwell1 ,henry ,,viii41 ,act iii47 ,amongst other particulars in this book1 concerning ,richard ,,iii4 we have the following3 ,the ,protector coming in council1 seemed more than ordinarily merry1 and after some other discourses1 ',my lord 7says he to the ,bishop of ,ely7 you have very good strawberries in your garden in ,holborn1 pray let us have a dish of them4' ',with all my heart1' replied the bishop1 and sent for some4 ,afterwards1 the ,protector knit his brows and his lips1 and rising up in great wrath1 he exclaimed1 ',my lords1 ,i have to tell you1 that that old sorceress1 my brother ,edward's widow1 and her partner1 that common prostitute1 ,jane ,shore1 have by witchcraft and enchantment been contriving to take away my life1 and though by ,god's mercy they have not been able to finish this villany1 yet see the mischief they have done me2 7and then he showed his left arm17 how they have caused this dear limb of mine to wither and grow useless4' 7,vide ,richard ,,iii4 ,act iii4 ,scene #b47 ,shakspeare was contemporary with ,bacon1 and he no doubt valued and studied with attention1 the writings of that great man4 ,the working up of the splendid dialogue between ,iago and ,othello1 may not impossibly have been suggested by this sentence of ,lord ,bacon3 ,breaking off in the midst of what one was about to say1 7as if he took himself up7 breeds a greater appetite in him with whom you confer1 to know more4 7,vide ,essays47 ,but let us drop the tone of attempted criticism1 which ill becomes an embryo writer at any time1 and still less so when ,shakspeare is the theme4 ,having mentioned ,bacon1 perhaps the following authenticated dialogue may not be uninteresting to the reader1 especially as it is only to be met with in one or two scarce books3 7,shakspeare47 ,i have heard1 my lord1 that a certain arch in ,trinity ,college1 ,cambridge1 would stand until a greater man than your lordship should pass through it4 7,bacon47 ,did you ever pass through it1 ,mr4 ,shakspeare8 7,shakspeare47 ,no1 my lord1 ,i never was at ,cambridge4 7,bacon47 ,then we cannot decide which of us two is the greater man4 ,i am told that most of the professors there pass under the arch without tear2 which indeed shows a wise contempt of the superstition4 7,shakspeare47 ,i rejoice to think that the world is yet to have a greater man than your lordship1 since the arch must fall at last4 ,several of ,shakspeare's least amusing plays are supposed to be not of his composition1 such as ,henry ,,vi41 and ,troilus and ,cressida1 with the exception of the master-touches and some of the finer speeches1 which probably were introduced by him4 ,this1 however1 is a trick of trade in every department of science2 and when we see1 for instance1 the collected works of some great artist1 it would be ridiculous to suppose that his whole lifetime could have sufficed for so much handicraft1 and perhaps in reality1 only the faces and more delicate parts were the work of his pencil4 ,to return to ,shakspeare4 ,the objections to his style1 which are many1 especially to a more modern reader1 are excusable from several causes4 ,the writers of the ,elizabethan age and previously1 were all of them very coarse in their mode of expression1 and the dramatists not very delicate in their plots1 though in doing so they did but obey the dictates of fashion and the bad taste of the times4 ,even prolixity and circumlocution were countenanced1 and the insufferable conceits we meet with in the poems of ,donne1 ,cowley1 and others1 were highly relished in those days4 ,euphaeism 7mentioned so often by ,sir ,w4 ,scott in ,the ,abbot17 was also then in vogue1 and all these various peculiarities of style1 language1 c4 were indispensable in all that was offered to the public4 ,shakspeare's fondness and propensity for punning may claim the same excuse1 viz4 the hoary head and furrowed face of custom2 yet there are some of these puns interspersed through his works1 which are sad blots indeed to our modern fastidious eyes1 and that we could well wish to see expunged2 such a one now is this3 ,say1 'pardon1' king1 let pity teach thee now4 ,speak it in ,french1 king1 say1 'pardonnez moi4' ,a quibble 7says ,dr4 ,johnson17 gave him such delight that he was content to purchase it by the sacrifice of reason1 of propriety1 and even of truth2 a quibble was to him the fatal ,cleopatra for which he lost the world1 and was content to lose it6 ,schiller1 who is styled the ,shakspeare of ,germany1 and who is so ardently admired at the present day1 has indeed taken our author for his model2 he has in many respects been too servile a student1 for his plagiarisms are both close and numerous4 ,thus1 any one acquainted with his celebrated play of ,the ,robbers1 will readily recollect that the whole story is built upon the secondary plot in ,king ,lear1 between the ,duke of ,gloucester and his two sons2 one of these who is a natural child1 and a villain withal1 contrives to poison the mind of the father1 and to eject the legitimate son from his favour2 it will be found exactly thus in ,schiller's famous story of ,the ,robbers4 ,it must be acknowledged1 however1 that foreigners in general have never idolized ,shakspeare1 or paid him that devoted adoration1 which his countrymen both pay and think him entitled to4 ,hear ,voltaire's overdrawn and even paltry criticism of ,hamlet4 ,the tragedy of ,hamlet is a gross and barbarous composition1 which would not be supported by the lowest populace in ,france and ,italy4 ,hamlet goes mad in the second act1 ,ophelia in the third2 he takes the father of his mistress for a rat1 and runs him through the body4 ,in despair1 the heroine drowns herself4 ,her grave is dug on the stage1 while the grave-diggers enter into a conversation suitable 767 to such low wretches1 and play1 as it were1 with dead men's bones6 ,hamlet answers their abominable stuff1 with follies equally disgusting4 ,hamlet1 with his father and mother-in-law1 drink together upon the stage2 they sing at table1 afterwards they quarrel1 and battle and death ensue4 ,in short1 one might take this performance for the fruits of the imagination of a drunken savage4 7,letters on the ,english ,nation47 ,in another place1 this writer says1 ,shakspeare had not a single spark of good taste1 or knew one rule of the drama4 ,in one of his monstrous farces1 to which he has given the name of ,tragedies1 we find the jokes of the ,roman shoemakers and cobblers introduced in the same scene with the orations of ,brutus and ,antony4 7,see ,voltaire's ,essays on ,tragedy and ,comedy47 ,here this rival dramatist again objects to any introduction of the lower orders on the stage1 and seems averse to whatever is natural1 and to depicting life as it is2 but if any excuse is necessary for ,shakspeare on this head1 we must remember that the stage was in his time1 and indeed is now perhaps1 more particularly levelled to please the populace1 and its success more immediately depends on the common suffrage2 accordingly the scenes of our ,english drama1 and ,shakspeare's scenes particularly1 are very often laid among tradesmen and mechanics1 and though it may be contrary to all good taste1 the author is compelled to indulge in bombast expressions1 pompous and thundering rhymes1 and sometimes even ribaldry and mean1 unmannerly buffoonery4 ,during his lifetime1 ,shakspeare acquired reputation principally through his poems1 which from some unaccountable cause1 are now comparatively neglected1 and we may add unfortunately so for the enjoyment of the public4 ,these poems were more admired than his plays1 and what speaks higher in their favour1 they are more expressively alluded to by contemporary writers4 ,the ,venus and ,adonis is a splendid piece of composition1 and very touching in its sentiment2 even its illustrious author was proud to call it the first heir of his invention4 ,we have from it one of our most popular songs1 which constitutes one of its stanzas3 ,bid me discourse1 ,i will enchant thine ear1 ,or like a fairy1 trip upon the green1 ,or like a nymph with long dishevell'd hair ,dance on the sands1 and yet no footing seen4 ,his ready talent for composition was singular1 and perhaps unparalleled2 his mind and hand ever went together1 and it is reported he was never known to blot a line4 ,he was an actor occasionally in his own plays1 but it does not indeed appear that he excelled in this art4 ,shakspeare never considered his works worthy of posterity1 and was little careful of popularity while he lived2 having acquired a competency by his labours1 he retired to ,stratford1 and spent the remainder of his life in ease and retirement1 like a private gentleman4 ,his income was estimated at #bjj4 ,the epitaph--not that on his monument1 but on the rude stone actually covering his remains is to the following effect1 and thus curiously written3 ,good friend1 for ,jesus ,,sake forbeare ,to digg ,t--,e dust ,enclo,ased ,,here ,t ,blese be ,t--,e man spares ,t,es stones ,t y ,and curst be hey moves my bones4 ,i conclude this rather desultory article with ,lord ,lyttleton's splendid eulogy on him1 which in a few words expresses more than the finest ,philippic to his memory--,if all human things were to perish except the works of ,shakspeare1 it might still be known from them what sort of a creature ,man was6 ,f4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,sir ,,thomas ,,fowler',s ,,lodge1 ,,islington4 ,illustration3 ,,sir ,,thomas ,,fowler',s ,,lodge1 ,,islington4 ,few parishes in the environs of ,london are so rich in architectural antiquities as the considerable village of ,islington4 ,canonbury-house1 of which a solitary tower remains1 is said to have been the country-residence of the ,priors of ,st4 ,bartholomew1 and to have been rebuilt early in the #afth century4 ,highbury belonged also to the ,priory4 ,the existing relics are chiefly of the ,elizabethan age4 ,the lodge1 represented in the cut1 belonged to an old mansion2 the property of the ,fowler family1 built in #aeie1 which appears on a ceiling4 ,the house fronts ,cross-street1 and the lodge is at the extremity of the garden1 and adjoins ,canonbury ,fields4 ,it is most probable that this was built as a summer-house by ,sir ,thomas ,fowler1 the younger1 whose arms are placed in the wall1 with the date #afee4 ,it has been absurdly called ,queen ,elizabeth's ,lodge1 but with no other foundation than her majesty having passed through it when on a visit to ,sir ,thomas ,fowler4 ,the ,fowlers appear to have been of some note4 ,sir ,thomas ,fowler1 the elder1 who died in #afbd1 was one of the jury on ,sir ,walter ,raleigh's trial3 his son1 ,sir ,thomas1 was created a baronet in #afbh2 the title became extinct at his death4 ,some coats of arms were taken out of the windows of the old mansion4 ,among these were the arms of ,fowler and ,heron4 ,thomas ,fowler1 the first of the family who settled at ,islington married the daughter of ,herne1 or ,heron1 of that place4#e #e ,see ,harl4 ,,mss41 ,no4 #aeea4 ,the ,pied ,bull1 near ,islington ,church1 is stated to have been the residence of ,sir ,walter ,raleigh2 though ,oldys1 in his ,life of ,raleigh1 says there is no proof of it2 and ,john ,shirley1 of ,islington1 another of ,raleigh's biographers1 records nothing of his living there4 ,the statement is1 however1 renewed in a ,life of ,sir ,walter1 published in #agdj4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,fine ,,arts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,panorama ,,of ,,milan4 ,by the aid of ,mr4 ,burford's panoramic pencil1 the sight-hunter of our times may enjoy a kind of imaginary tour through the world4 ,at one season he wafts us to the balmy climes of ,india--next he astounds us with the icy sublimities of the ,pole 7a fine summer panorama1 by the way7--then to the glittering spires1 minarets1 and mosques of ,constantinople--then to the infant world of ,new ,holland--and back to the ,old ,world1 to enjoy scenes and sites which are hallowed in memory's fond shrine1 by their association with the most glorious names and events in our history4 ,we remember the philosophical amusement of the great ,lord ,shaftesbury1 in contriving all the world in an acre in his retreat at ,reigate3 what his ,lordship laboured to represent in his garden1 ,mr4 ,burford essays in his panoramas--in short1 he gives us all the world on an acre--of canvass4 ,reader1 we do not hold the grand secret of life to be the art of hoaxing1 when we tell you that for a ,greenwich fare you may be transported to the classic regions of ,italy--that a walk to ,leicester ,square will probably delight you more than a ride to ,greenwich1 little as we are inclined to underrate the last of the pleasures of the people4 ,the contrast is forcible1 and the intellectual advantage to be enjoyed in the metropolis too evident to be overlooked4 ,at the ,panorama1 ,florence is in the upper circle1 and ,milan in the lower one4 ,the main attraction of the latter is the celebrated cathedral1 which forms1 as it were1 the nucleus of the scene4 ,the point of view has been objected to1 as the spectator is placed about mid-way up the cathedral1 and thus looks down into the streets and squares of the city2 but1 it should be remembered1 that he also enjoys the distant country1 which he could not have done had the view been from the area of the city2 and1 as we have before said1 the beauty of the paysage is one of the perfections of ,mr4 ,burford's paintings4 ,its present success may be told from the ,description3 ,beyond1 the eye ranges to an immense distance over the rich and fertile plains of ,lombardy1 ,piedmont1 and the ,venetian ,states1 luxuriant with every description of rural beauty1 intersected by rivers and lakes1 and thickly studded with towns and villages1 with their attendant gardens1 groves1 and vineyards4 ,the ,northern horizon1 from ,east to ,west1 is bounded by the vast chain of the ,alps1 which form a magnificent semicircle at from eighty to one hundred and twenty miles distant1 ,monte ,rosa1 ,monte ,cenis1 ,monte ,st4 ,gothard1 the ,simplon1 c4 covered with eternal snow1 being conspicuous from their towering height2 towards the ,south the view is bounded by the ,apennines1 extending across the peninsula from the ,mediterranean to the ,adriatic2 and on the ,south-west1 the ,piedmontese hills1 in the neighbourhood of ,turin1 appear a faint purple line on the horizon1 so small as to be scarcely visible2 the purity of the atmosphere enables the eye to discern the most distant objects with accuracy1 and the brilliant sunshine gives inconceivable splendour to every part of the scene2 each antique spire and curiously-wrought tower sparkles brightly in its beams1 whilst the dark foliage of fine trees1 even in the heart of the city1 relieves the eye1 and produces a beautiful and pleasing effect4 ,the cathedral will be recollected as the finest specimen extant of pointed ,gothic architecture1 and termed by the ,milanese1 the eighth wonder of the world4 ,it is entirely of white marble1 and its highest point four hundred feet from the base4 ,a better idea of its minute as well as vast beauty will be afforded by the reader turning to our engraving of the exterior in vol4 xiv4 of ,the ,mirror4 ,it is successfully painted in the ,panorama1 although it has not the dazzling whiteness that a stranger might expect2 and1 on it are those beautiful tinges which are thought to be shed by the atmosphere upon buildings of any considerable age4 ,this effect is visible ever in the fine climate of ,italy3 it is ingeniously referred to by ,sir ,humphry ,davy in his last work#f to the chemical agency of water4 ,he speaks1 however1 rather of the decay produced by water1 of which tinge is but the first stage4 ,the latter is very pleasing1 and1 about two years since1 the fine portico of the ,colosseum1 in the ,regent's ,park1 was artificially coloured to produce this effect of time1 as it has been poetically considered4 #f ,consolations in ,travel1 or the ,last ,days of a ,philosopher4 #ahcj4 ,the ,city of ,milan is not particularly interesting1 though to an untravelled beholder1 it has points of attraction4 ,he may probably be struck with the vast extent of some of the structures when compared with the puny buildings of our own country and times2 and the space occupied by the palaces will but remind him of the mistaken magnificence of ,buckingham1 or the gloomy grandeur of ,st4 ,james's4 ,again1 the plastered and fancifully coloured fronts of the dwelling-houses1 their gay draperies1 c4 but ill-assort with the heavy red-brick exteriors of our metropolis2 although this contrast is to be sought elsewhere than in externals4 ,mr4 ,burford's summary1 or characteristics of the city may be quoted3 ,the form of the city is nearly circular1 about ten miles in circumference1 although perhaps the thickly built and more densely populated part may be confined to an area of half that size4 ,there are several large and handsome squares1 but the streets1 with very few exceptions1 are neither wide nor regular2 the pavement is formed like that of ,paris1 of small1 sharp pebbles1 with occasionally a narrow footway on each side1 and the addition of two 7or in the wider streets four7 strips of flat stones in the centre1 forming a sort of railway1 on which the carriage wheels run with great smoothness and very little noise4 ,the churches1 hospitals1 establishments for the poor1 and other public institutions1 are numerous1 and display all the richness and magnificence of ,italian architecture1 and are at the same time endowed on a most liberal scale2 the ancient palaces of the nobles1 vast and rude1 bear stamp of the importance of the city in the middle ages1 when they served as domestic fortresses and lodged well-appointed and numerous retinues2 and although they cannot at present vie with those of ,rome or ,genoa1 yet they display considerable architectural luxury1 and contain fine collections of works of art2 attached to many are large and well-stocked gardens1 which add much to the beauty of the city4 ,very little regard is paid to regularity of appearance in the general buildings2 they vary in height from two to five stories1 and are built of brick1 or granite from the ,lago ,maggiori1 plastered1 coloured1 or ornamented1 according to the taste of the owner2 many are still without the luxury of glass in the windows2 the shops are numerous and well furnished2 their entrances1 as well as those of the coffee-houses1 are frequently defended only by a coloured drapery1 which1 with the silk tapestry hung at the church doors1 and occasionally from the balconies1 c41 has a gay and pleasing effect2 indeed the whole appearance of the city is cheerful and flourishing4 ,the groupes and incidents in the streets will amuse the spectator4 ,there is ,policinel--the eternal ,punch--with his audience1 a short distance from the ,cathedral4 ,all over ,europe1 the most enlightened portion of the world1 is this little ,motley to be seen frolicking with flashes of satire2 the motto for his proscenium should be hic et ubique4 ,one of the beauties of this ,panorama is the masterly effect of the ,italian sky4 ,there are fewer cloudless days in ,italy than the stranger may imagine1 but ,mr4 ,burford was fortunate in his season4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,spirit ,,of ,,the ,,public ,,journals4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,chit ,,chat ,,of ,,the ,,day4 ,there is a good share of pleasant patter in the following abridged from the ,metropolitan4 ,every one says that ,i am an odd person2 ,i presume ,i am1 and so is every one else taken singly4 ,i can prove that by ,cocker4 ,one and one make two--two is even1 one is odd1 ,i am but one4 ,there's logic for you4 ,i am also a rambler by temperament4 ,i ramble my person at my own free will1 and my mind rambles quite indifferent as to its intimate connexion with the former4 ,i look at the stars1 and my thoughts are of women--,i look at the earth1 and my thoughts run upon heaven--,i frequent the opera1 and moralize upon the world and its vanities--,i sit in my pew at church1 and my thoughts ramble every where in spite of my endeavours and those of the parson to boot--,i live in town all the year1 because it's the fashion to be here in the season1 and because ,i prefer ,london most when ,i can walk about where there is nobody to interrupt me4 ,in the season1 ,i am allowed to walk into every body's house1 very often get an invite to fill up an odd corner1 and as there generally is an odd corner at every party1 and ,i do not stand at a short notice1 ,i eat more good dinners than most people4 ,i am not a fool1 and yet not too clever1 so that poised in that happy medium1 ,i hear all1 see all1 know a great deal of what is going on1 and hold my tongue4 ,when people inhabit their town houses1 ,i spend the whole day going from one to the other4 ,i consider a house the only safe part of the metropolis4 ,were ,i to frequent the street during the season1 ,i am so apt to fall into a brown study1 that ,i'm certain to be jostled until ,i am black and blue--,i have found myself calculating an arithmetical problem at a crossing1 and have not been aware of my danger until a pair of greys sixteen hands high in full trot have snorted in my face--,i am an idler by profession1 live at a club1 sleep at chambers1 and have just sufficient means to pay my way and indulge my disposition4 ,but ,i've not stated why ,i particularly like town when it is empty4 ,it is because ,i feel relieved of all the fashionable et ceteras4 ,by the time the season is over ,i am tired of dinners1 of wine1 of the opera1 the eternal announcement of visiters at parties and balls1 the music1 the exotics1 the suppers1 the rattling of carriages1 and the rattling of tongues4 ,i rejoice at last to find ,london en deshabille--,i can then do as ,i please without any fear of losing my character as a fashionable man4 ,i consider that ,i can in ,london extract more amusement in a given quantity of ground than at any other place4 ,a street will occupy me for a whole day3 with an indifferent coat1 and nothing but silver in my waistcoat pocket1 ,i stop at every shop-window and examine every thing4 ,should it so happen that the prices are affixed to every article displayed1 ,i make it a rule to read every one of them4 ,i know therefore when ,urling's lace is remarkably cheap1 the value of most articles of millinery1 the relative demands for boots1 shoes1 and hats1 and prices of 'reach-me-downs' at a ready-made warehouse4 ,at a pawn-broker's shop-window ,i have passed two or three hours very agreeably in ascertaining the sums at which every variety of second-hand goods are 'remarkably cheap1' from a large folio ,bible as divinity1 flutes and flageolets as music1 pictures and china as taste1 gold and silver articles as luxury1 wedding rings as happiness1 and duelling pistols as death4 ,i could not of course indulge in these peripatetic fancies during the season without losing caste1 but there is a season for all things4 99 99 99 99 99 ,talking of pictures1 by the way1 what a marvellous falling off is there in ,wilkie6--a misfortune arising1 as ,i take it1 from a struggle after novelty of style4 ,there is a portrait of the ,king by him in ,somerset ,house ,exhibition1 like nothing on earth but a ,white ,lion on its hinder legs1 and there was one a year or two since of ,george the ,fourth in a ,highland dress--a powerful representation of ,lady ,charlotte ,bury1 dressed for ,norval4 ,look at that gem of art1 his ,blind ,fiddler1 now in the ,national ,gallery1 or at his ,waterloo ,gazette1 or at the ,rent ,day1 and compare any one of them with the senseless stuff he now produces1 and grieve4 ,his ,john ,knox--ill placed for effect1 as relates to its height from the ground1 ,i admit2 but look at that--flat as a teaboard--neither depth nor brilliancy4 ,knox himself strongly resembling in attitude the dragon weathercock on ,bow steeple painted black4 ,has ,wilkie become thus demented in compliment to ,turner1 the ,prince of ,orange 7colour7 of artists8 ,never did man suffer so severely under a yellow fever1 and yet live so long4 ,i dare say it is extremely bad taste to object to his efforts2 but ,i am foolish enough to think that one of the chief ends of art is to imitate nature as closely as possible4 ,look1 for instance1 at ,copley ,fielding's splendid drawing in the ,water ,colour ,exhibition1 of vessels in a gale off ,calshot2 and certainly ,i have never yet seen any thing either animal or vegetable at all like the men1 women1 trees1 grass1 mountains1 which appear in ,mr4 ,turner's works4 ,this is of course an individual opinion1 but ,i think it may be expressed without any fear of incurring a charge of ill-nature1 when one thing is recollected4 ,copley ,fielding cannot be a bad artist2 ,prout cannot be a bad artist2 ,nash cannot be a bad artist2 ,de ,vint1 ,stanfield1 ,reinagle1 ,calcott1 none of these can be called bad artists2 yet not one of these gentlemen1 eminent as they are1 produce any thing like ,turner's drawings4 ,now if they are all wrong1 ,mr4 ,turner is quite right2 but it is utterly impossible he should be so1 if they are4 ,everybody knows the story of the sign-painter in the country1 who could paint nothing but a red lion2 and accordingly he advised every inn-keeper and alehouse-keeper in the neighbouring village1 who applied to him1 to have the sign of the ,red ,lion4 ,this did very well for a considerable time1 and the painter practised so successfully that not a hamlet or town1 for ten miles round1 that had not its red lion2 until at length a new-comer1 who1 like ,daniel of old1 thought there were quite as many lions round him as were wanted1 suggested to the artist that he should like to have a swan for the sign of his small concern4 ,in vain the painter protested1 ,boniface was resolute4 ',well1' said the rural ,apelles1 'if you will have a swan you must1 but you may rely upon it when it is finished1 it will be so like a red lion1 you would not know the difference4' ,so ,turner1 if he were to paint a blackbird1 it would be so like a canary when it was finished1 you would not know one from the other4 ,among other sights1 ,i was induced to go and visit the ',fleas1' last ,saturday4 ,never was there such an imposition2 instead of being harnessed1 they were tied by the hind legs1 and the combatants1 poor wretches6 were pinched by the tails in tweezers1 and of course moved their legs in their agony4 ,well1 thought ,i1 as ,i went out1 ,i have been in ,spain1 and ,portugal1 and ,italy1 and have passed many a restless night1 but hang me if ever ,i was so flea bitten in my life as ,i have been to day2 and ,i thought of my shilling and the old proverb4 ,there is a picture of ,lord ,mulgrave in the ,somerset ,house exhibition1 very like1 painted by ,briggs4 ,the best portrait there1 is ,pickersgill's ,lord ,hill2 as a likeness1 it is identity2 and ,i admire it the more1 from the total absence of what the painters call accessories4 ,it is simple1 and though honourably decorated1 is unadorned by what is considered 'groscape' drapery2 and yet ,mr4 ,pickersgill was at one time an unqualified admirer of cloaks2 every hawbuck of a fellow who sat to him1 was wrapped up in a cloak3 this he has conquered1 and we rejoice at it4 ,the portrait of ,lady ,coote is a good picture2 it is a pity that her ladyship had not sat a few years earlier2 but that is no affair of the painter4 ,a picture of ,lady ,londonderry1 in the costume of ,queen ,elizabeth1 by a ,frenchman is amazingly like4 ,there is a story about this dress which only proves the advantages of making experiments before any grand display4 ,the petticoat of the ,virgin ,queen1 as personated by her ladyship1 was so thickly covered with diamonds1 that the substratum of material could scarcely be seen2 and nothing could be more splendid than the effect2 but the diamonds glittered all round the dress1 behind and before1 and at the side2 and so long as her ladyship paraded the magnificent suite of her apartments1 all was well1 and all shone brilliantly2 but lo and behold1 when her ladyship threw herself gracefully on her mimic throne1 she found that she might as well be sitting in her robe de chambre on a pebbly pavement1 or a heap of flints just prepared for ,macadamization4 ,stones1 though precious1 are still stones1 and the jump the ,marchioness gave when she first felt the full effect of her jewels1 is described as something prodigious4 ,so handsome a person1 however1 might easily dispense with such ornaments4 ,a queen of hearts may always look down upon a mere queen of diamonds4 ,and what are we to say of other representations8 ,what a sensation 7at any other period how much greater would it have been67 ,mr4 ,sheridan ,knowles' ,hunchback has made3 why ,mr4 ,sheridan ,knowles made his hero a ,hunchback ,i cannot imagine4 ,the play is an admirable play2 and what is as strange a part of the affair as any1 is the acting of the author4 ,to say it is finished1 or fine1 would be to talk nonsense2 but it is plain1 straightforward1 common-scene acting1 which very much surprised us1 more especially from an author1 still more from an ,irish author2 and more still from an author1 who in private life is a perfect enthusiast1 and a fine phrenzied-eye orator4 ,fanny ,kemble never appeared to greater advantage in public--in private1 her charming conduct with regard to her brother1 the young soldier1 speaks volumes for her4 ,they say she is going to marry a son of ,keppell ,craven's1 ,lord ,craven's uncle4 ,they met first1 ,i believe1 at the acting of ,lord ,leveson ,gower's play of ,hernani1 at ,bridgewater ,house1 when ,mr4 ,craven reaped much histrionic fame as an amateur4 ,of one thing we are quite sure1 ,miss ,kemble will act well wherever she may be placed in the world4 ,one of the best conundrums ,i have heard for a long time1 is attributed to that excellent and agreeable fellow1 ,yates1 who is amongst those who do credit to the stage4 ,whether it is his own1 or not1 is a question to rest upon his veracity4 ,it is this--',when does an alderman look like a ghost8' ,answer4 ',when he's a gobbling4' ,this is surely a jeu d'esprit4 ,by the way1 ,rogers begins to whistle now2 not in fear1 or harmony1 or for amusement1 but ,i am afraid from the effects produced by advanced age4 ,i regret this--he is an excellent person1 and a gentlemanly poet2 and ,i never shall forget the patience with which he bore a most unintentional misquotation1 made from his works1 and in his presence1 by a man of the name of ,barton1 who wanted to compliment him1 by recollecting his verses4 ,the story that he quoted was ,rogers' pretty song of ,dear is my little native vale1 ,the ring-dove builds and warbles there1 ,close by my cot she tells her tale1 ,to every passing villager4 ,mr4 ,barton--who he was ,i never found out--having eulogized this little effusion with a superhuman ecstacy1 repeated it right to a line--but not to a word4 ,he gave it us thus-- ,dear is my little native vale1 ,the ring-dove builds and warbles there1 ,close by my cot she shows her tail ,to every passing villager4 ,not a muscle moved in ,mr4 ,rogers' pale and placid countenance1 you would hardly have thought he lived2 but turning to ,luttrell1 whose mouth twisted and whose eye rolled at the fun of the mistake1 he simply whispered1 ',non tali auxilio1 c4' ,barton survived it1 and is still alive and merry4 ,i perceive that there have been changes at the ,admiralty4 ,dyer1 ,darch1 and ,riley superannuated4 ,hay takes ,darch's place as reading clerk4 ,this is right4 ,hay is a gentleman1 and a man of business4 ,met ,sir ,francis--which ,sir ,francis1 you would say1 for there are two who frequent the ,admiralty1 the obtuse and the clever4 ,i mean the clever4 ',well1 ,frank1 how goes on the ,vernon1 and how did she go off the other day8 ,no want of water1 ,i presume4' ',no2 thank heaven for that6 ,why1 she went off beautifully1 but the lubberly mateys contrived to get her foul of the hulk1 and ,lord ,vernon came out of the conflict minus a leg and an arm4'--',who had you there8' ',upon my honour ,i hardly know4 ,i was so busy paying my devoirs to ,lady ,graham2 she looked for all the world like a mermaid1 as she stood by the bows and christened the vessel4 ,her hair hung down as straight as the lower rigging when first put over the mast heads4'--',i wish ,i had such a beautiful mermaid for a wife1' replied ,h----1 who had joined and listened to our conversation4 ',what a pretty creature is that ,miss ,e----2 she looked as fresh as if she had just come out of a shower bath4' ',well1 so she had4' 99 99 99 99 99 ,i went to the ,opera on ,tuesday to hear ,mariani4 ,she is splendid--confounded plain1 but that's no consequence4 ,that ,grisi screams rather too much1 although she acts well1 and has a pretty person1 if it was washed4 ,i believe ,brugnoli's toes are made of cast iron4 ,toe ,k--g1 could make no impression upon them4 ,you know how ,k--g obtained that name4 ,he is a little puffy fellow1 who goes about town1 making acquaintance with every body--is endured at watering places for his poodle qualities of 'fetch and carry3' he is very anxious to become acquainted with noblemen1 and his plan is to sidle up and tread very lightly upon an aristocratical toe--then an immediate apology1 and the apology is followed also with the wind and weather1 and the leading topic of the day1 a knowledge of his lordship's friends or relations1 and a good morning4 ,the next day when they meet1 a polite bow from ,mr4 ,k--g1 and if an opportunity offers he enters into conversation1 and thus establishes his acquaintance4 ,such is his ,,extreme method of introducing himself1 which deserves credit for its ingenuity and exclusiveness4 ,i once knew a man who had only one story1 and that was about a gun4 ,his difficulty was to introduce this story1 and he at last succeeded1 like ,k--g1 by the use of his foot4 ,when sitting after dinner he would stamp under the table and create a hollow sound4 ,then1 ,god bless me6 what's that--a gun8 ,by the by1 talking about guns--and then came his story4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,selector2 ,,and ,,literary ,,notices ,,of ,,new ,,works4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,messiah4 ,by ,robert ,montgomery4 ,the subsequent passages exhibit many of the beauties and few of the blemishes of ,mr4 ,montgomery's new poem3 ,,the ,,wilderness4 ,oh1 when hath mind conceived ,magnificence beyond a midnight there1 ,when ,israel camp'd1 and o'er her tented host ,the moonlight lay8--,on yonder palmy mount1 ,lo6 sleeping myriads in the dewy hush ,of night repose2 around in squared array1 ,the camps are set2 and in the midst1 apart1 ,the curtain'd shrine1 where mystically dwells ,jehovah's presence6--through the soundless air ,a cloudy pillar1 robed in burning light1 ,appears3--concenter'd as one mighty heart1 ,a million lie1 in mutest slumber bound4 ,or1 panting like the ocean1 when a dream ,of storm awakes her3--,heaven and ,earth are still2 ,in radiant loveliness the stars pursue ,their pilgrimage1 while moonlight's wizard hand ,throws beauty1 like a spectre light1 on all4 ,at ,judah's tent the lion-banner stands ,unfolded1 and the pacing sentinels1-- ,what awe pervades them1 when the dusky groves1 ,the rocks ,titanian1 by the moonshine made ,unearthly1 or yon mountains vast1 they view6 ,but soon as morning bids the sky exult1 ,as earth from nothing1 so that countless host ,from slumber and from silence will awake ,to mighty being6 while the forest-birds ,rush into song1 the matin breezes play1 ,and streamlets flash where prying sunbeams fall3 ,like clouds in lustre1 banners will unroll6 ,the trumpet shout1 the warlike tramp resound1 ,and hymns of valour from the marching tribes ,ascend to gratulate the risen morn4 ,,patriarchal ,,times4 ,a vision of that unforgotten prime1 ,the patriarchal age1 when ,earth was young1 ,a while oh3 let it linger6--oh the soul ,it breaketh1 like a lovely burst of spring ,upon the gaze of captives1 when the clouds ,again are floating over freedom's head6-- ,though ,sin had witherd with a charnel breath ,creation's morning bloom1 there still remain'd ,elysian hues of that ,adamic scene1 ,when the ,sun gloried o'er a sinless world1 ,and with each ray produced a flower6--,from dells ,untrodden1 hark6 the breezy carol comes ,upwafted1 with the chant of radiant birds4-- ,what meadows1 bathed in greenest light1 and woods ,gigantic1 towering from the skiey hills1 ,and od'rous trees in prodigal array1 ,with all the elements divinely calm-- ,our fancy pictures on the infant globe6 ,and ah6 how godlike1 with imperial brow ,benignly grave1 yon patriarchal forms ,tread the free earth1 and eye the naked heavens6 ,in ,nature's stamp of unassisted grace ,each limb is moulded2 simple as the mind ,the vest they wear2 and not a hand but works1 ,or tills the ground with honourable toil3 ,by youth revered1 their sons around them grow ,and flourish2 monarch of his past'ral tribe1 ,a patriarch's throne is each devoted heart6 ,and when he slumbers on the tented plain ,beneath the vigil stars1 a living wall ,is round him1 in the might of love's defence3 ,for he is worthy--sacrifice and song ,by him are ruled2 and oft at shut of flowers1 ,when queenly virgins in the sunset go ,to carry water from the crystal wells1 ,in beautiful content1--beneath a tree ,whose shadows hung o'er many a hallow'd sire1 ,he sits2 recording how creation rose ,from nothing1 of the ,word almighty born2 ,how ,man had fallen1 and where ,eden boughs ,had waved their beauty on the breeze of morn2 ,or1 how the angels still at twilight love ,to visit earth with errands from the sky4 ,,isaiah4 ,terrific bard6 and mighty--in thy strain ,a torrent of inspiring passion sounds-- ,whether for cities by the ,almighty cursed1 ,thy wail arose--or1 on enormous crimes ,that darken'd heav'n with supernat'ral gloom1 ,thy flash of indignation fell1 alike ,the feelings quiver when thy voice awakes6-- ,borne in the whirlwind of a dreadful song1 ,the spirit travels round the destin'd globe1 ,while shadows1 cast from solemn years to come1 ,fall round us1 and we feel a ,god is nigh6 ,but when a gladness from thy music flows1 ,creation brightens6--glory paints the sky1 ,the ,sun hath got an everlasting smile1 ,and ,earth in temper'd for immortal spring-- ,the lion smoothes his ruffled mane1 the lamb ,and wolf together feed1 and by the den ,of serpents1 see6 the rosy infant play4 ,,the ,,saviour4 ,as o'er the grandeur of unclouded heaven ,our vision travels with a free delight1 ,as though the boundless and the pure were made ,for speculation--so the tow'ring mind1 ,by inward oracle inspired and taught1 ,the lofty and the excellent in mind adores4 ,then1 ,saviour6 what a paragon art ,thou ,of all that ,wisdom in her hope creates-- ,a model for the universe--,though ,god ,be round us1 by the shadow of ,his might ,for aye reflected1 and with plastic hand ,prints on the earth the character of things-- ,yet ,he ,himself1--how awfully retired ,depth within depth1 unutterably deep6 ,his glory brighter than the brightest thought ,can picture1 holier than our holiest awe ,can worship1--imaged only in ,i ,,am6 ,but ,thou--apparell'd in a robe of true ,mortality2 meek sharer of our low ,estate1 in all except compliant sin2 ,to ,thee a comprehending worship pays ,perennial sacrifice of life and soul1 ,by love enkindled2--,thou hast lived and breathed2 ,our wants and woes partaken--all that charms ,or sanctifies1 to ,thine unspotted truth ,may plead for sanction--virtue but reflects ,thine image6 wisdom is a voice attuned ,to consonance with ,thine--and all that yields ,to thought a pureness1 or to life a peace1 ,from ,thee descends--whose spirit-ruling sway1 ,invisible as thought1 around us brings ,a balm almighty for affliction's hour-- ,once felt1 in all the fullness of ,thy grace ,the living essence of the living soul1-- ,and there is faith--a firm-set1 glorious faith1 ,eternity cannot uproot1 or change-- ,oh1 then the second birth of soul begins1 ,that purifies the base1 the dark illumes1 ,and binds our being with a holy spell1 ,whereby each function1 faculty1 and thought ,surrenders meekly to the central guide ,of hope and action1 by a ,god empower'd4 ,,the ,,crucifixion4 ,a ,god with all his glory laid aside1 ,behold ,him bleeding1--on his awful brow ,the mingled sorrows of a world repose-- ',tis ,,finish',d1--at those words creation throbs1 ,round ,hell's dark universe the echo rolls-- ,all ,nature is unthroned--and mountains quake ,like human being when the death-pang comes-- ,the sun has wither'd from the frighted air1 ,and with a tomb-burst1 hark1 the dead arise ,and gaze upon the living1 as they glide ,with soundless motion through the city's gloom1 ,most awfully1--the world's ,redeemer dies4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,spain ,,and ,,portugal4 ,we quote the following from the ,cabinet ,cyclopaedia history of these countries3 ,the ,penitential ,habit4 ,from the fifth century1 says ,masden1 or from the beginning of the sixth1 the custom prevailed in ,spain of the infirm1 when so heavily afflicted as to be in danger of death1 piously assuming the tonsure and the penitential habit1 and engaging to continue both through life1 if ,god raised them up4 ,as the use of this penance became common enough to throw discredit on the piety of all who did not thus undertake it1 if the sick or dying man was unable to demand the habit1 his relations or friends could invest him with it1 and his obligation to a penitential life thenceforward was as great as if that obligation had been imposed1 not by others1 but at his own request1 since1 as he was charitably supposed to be thus piously inclined1 he must of necessity wish to become a penitent4 ,this continued in force until king ,chindaswind1 impressed with the abuses to which it had given rise1 decreed that in such cases the obligation imposed by others should be void unless the patient should afterwards ratify it when in a sound state of mind4 ,penitents of this class might remain in their own houses1 without seclusion within the walls of a monastery2 but they were for ever compelled to wear the habit and shaven crown1 to shun business and diversions1 to lead exemplary and chaste lives3 if single1 they could not marry2 if married1 they could not enjoy the privileges of the state3 hence1 though they inhabited not the cloister1 they were of the religious order1 and consecrated to ,god4 ,this penance was not merely assumed by such as were anxious to make atonement for some heavy sin2 it was often voluntarily undertaken by individuals whose lives had been blameless1 and who were anxious by this work of supererogation to increase their stock of merits4 ,if the penitent died of his disease1 the intention of his sacrifice was believed to be availing in the sight of ,heaven2 if he recovered1 he became a monk4 ,no less a doom than excommunication1 and a rigorous penitential seclusion during life within the walls of a monastery1 were hurled against such as married1 or used their conjugal privilege1 or laid down the habit4 ,if1 however1 the married penitents were very young at the time he or she entered on the monastic obligation1 in case of recovery the bishop had power to permit the use of matrimony a certain number of years4 ,this was called an indulgence or dispensation1 the debitum conjugale being totally annihilated by the obligations of the new state4 ,this custom is not yet extinct in ,spain1 though1 like many others of a similar kind1 its observance is daily weakening since the period of the ,french revolution1 and of the increased intercourse between the two nations4 ,many of the greatest names in the ,spanish annals voluntarily assumed the profession1 and thereby ceased to be laymen4 ,among these was the author of ,don ,quixote4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,gatherer4 ,,concealed ,,sorrow4 7,from the portfolio of a ,correspondent47 ,there oft times dwells within the human breast1 a grievous and a bitter sorrow2 a sorrow once formed--seldom1 if ever1 entirely eradicated4 ,such sorrow hath borne down to the grave many a noble1 though ill-fated1 heart2 there to seal up the remembrance of the degraded1 the broken1 feelings of its once fine nature1 and for ever crush the spirit of its love4 ,it is a sorrow that cometh not as the whirlwind's rushing blast1 in the fury of the tempest1 or as the lion's roar2 but rather as the soft1 still moan of the desert's poisoned breeze1 or as the silent gnawing of a cankering worm3 so comes it preying on our heart's fondest hopes till they gradually sink to ruin and oblivion4 ,it is a grief that mortal eyes cannot see2 it is only keenly felt2 its tears are the wasting away of health1 and its lamentation is the low beating of a sinking pulse4 ,the loudest cry of its woe is but the dull1 bitter sigh of its lonely unhappiness1 engendered by the deep misery of the secret depression of its mental complaining1 making the heart like a faded flower in a gloomy wilderness2 like a blighted tree in a sultry waste4 ,weep6 weep6 and sigh from thy very soul2 yet thy sorrows will not end2 their root will still remain to spring and spread afresh4 ,unhappy they that such sorrows have6 alas6 for them6 ,r4,n4 ,pleasure ,gardens4--,has it never occurred to any nurseryman that his garden might be made delightful and profitable promenades for the public1 at a low charge for admission8 ,in the neighbourhood of ,philadelphia1 we learn from a communication to the ,gardeners' ,magazine1 there is a class of gardens very distinct from any in this country2 those of plant-growers1 who to a small nursery1 and green and hot-houses1 add the appendage of a tavern4 ,the two principal ones of this description are kept by ,mr4 ,arran1 and ,m4 d',arras3 the first has a very good museum in his garden2 and the latter possesses a beautiful collection of orange and lemon trees1 very large1 but trimmed after the ,french fashion4 ,these places are the resort of many of the citizens2 ,philadelphia having no park1 or national gardens1 for the purpose of recreation4 ,american ,prejudice4--,everything ,british creates a spirit of rivalry among the vulgar ,americans4 ,a great number of the workmen's anecdotes are directed against the aristocratical bearing of ,englishmen3 nothing gives greater delight to the rustics than to hear of the ,honourable ,d4,s4 or ,lord ,john ,p4 having been the last served1 or badly served1 at an inn for being surly to the waiters1 c4 ,cheap ,fruit4--,in ,philadelphia1 peaches are #be cents1 7about a shilling7 per bushel2 pine-apples from the ,west ,indies from #e to #ae cents4 7#b;d4 to #f;d47 each1 and water melons cheaper4 ,newtown ,pippin4--,near ,new ,york1 at the residence of ,mrs4 ,col4 ,more1 is the original tree of the celebrated apple called the ,newtown pippin4 ,it stands in the centre of an old orchard2 the tree divides itself about #b-a_/b or #c feet from the ground2 but1 although the estate has been in the possession of ,colonel ,more's family for two centuries1 they are unable to give any account of its origin2 consequently the tree must be of very old standing4 ,hyde ,park on the ,hudson ,river4--,our ,hyde ,park on this side the water1 can bear no comparison with its namesake on the other side of the ,atlantic1 ,the latter is extensive2 the rides numerous2 and the variety of delightful distant views embrace every kind of scenery4 ,the pleasure-grounds are laid out on just principles1 and in a most judicious manner2 there is an excellent range of hot-houses1 with a collection of rare plants2 remarkable for their variety1 their cleanliness1 and their handsome growth4 ,the construction and arrangement of the farm buildings deserve the strongest praise2 but1 in fact1 everything connected with ,hyde ,park is performed in a manner unparalleled in ,america4 ,the proprietor of ,hyde ,park is ,dr4 ,david ,hosack1 a gentleman well known in the literary and scientific world--the ,sir ,joseph ,banks of ,america4 ,modern ,cincinnatus4--,near ,bordentown1 in the state of ,new ,jersey is the seat of the ,count de ,survilliers1 elder brother of ,napoleon ,buonaparte1 and formerly ,king of ,spain4 ,he has effected great improvements on this estate1 and is now actively employed in others4 ,it is most gratifying to see this amiable nobleman withdrawing himself from the busy scene of politics into retirement1 and expending his princely fortune in rural improvements4 ,fiddling ,poetry4--,the following may be seen in the first volume of ,purcell's ,catches1 on two persons of the name of ,young1 father and son1 who lived in ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard2 the one was an instrument maker1 and the other an excellent performer on the violin3-- ,you scrapers that want a good fiddle well strung1 ,you must go to the man that is old while he's ,young1 ,but if this same fiddle you fain would play bold1 ,you must go to his son1 who'll be ,young when he's old4 ,there's old ,young and young ,young1 both men of renown1 ,old sells1 and ,young plays1 the best fiddle in town2 ,young and old live together1 and may they live long1 ,young to play an old fiddle1 old to sell a new song4 ,p4,t4,w4 ,greenwich ,hospital4--,the foundation-stone of this magnificent building was laid ,june #cj1 #afif1 by ,john ,evelyn 7the treasurer71 with a select committee of the commissioners1 and ,sir ,christopher ,wren1 the architect1 precisely at five in the evening1 after they had dined together6 ,flamstead1 the royal astronomer1 observing the punctual time by instruments4 ,the time is not unworthy of remark4 ,the ,king 7,charles ,,ii47 subscribed #b1jjjl42 the ,archbishop of ,canterbury1 ,lord ,keeper ,sommers1 ,dukes of ,leeds1 ,pembroke1 ,devonshire1 ,shrewsbury1 and ,earls of ,dorset and ,portland1 #ejjl4 each2 with others amounting to upwards of #i1jjjl4 ,according to a note by the ,treasurer1 four months after the foundation1 the work done amounted to upwards of #e1jjjl4 towards which the treasurer had received only #hjjl41 there being among the defaulters the king's #b1jjjl41 paid by exchequer tallies on the post-office1 which1 says he1 nobody will take at #cj per cent discount3 so that we see the suspension of great works for want of friends was never uncommon2 though this was a season of debt and disgrace in ,england4 ,the sum paid in ,evelyn's time towards building ,greenwich ,hospital1 seems to have been upwards of #fi1jjjl4 ,major ,mason and ,george ,,ii4--,during the siege of ,fort ,st4 ,philip1 a young lieutenant of the ,marines was so unhappy as to lose both his legs by a chain shot4 ,in this miserable and helpless condition1 he was conveyed by the first opportunity to ,england1 and a memorial of his case presented to an honourable ,board1 in order to obtain some additional consideration to the narrow stipend of half-pay4 ,the honourable ,board pitied the youth1 but disregarded his petition4 ,major ,mason had the poor lieutenant conducted to court on a public day1 in his uniform1 where1 posted in the guard-room1 and supported by two brother officers1 he cried out as ,george ,,ii4 was passing to the drawing-room1 ,behold1 great sire1 a man who refuses to bend his knee to you2 he has lost both in your service4 ,the king1 struck no less by the singularity of this address1 than by the melancholy object before him1 stopped1 and hastily demanded what had been done for him4 ,half-pay1 replied the lieutenant1 and please your majesty4 ,fie1 fie1 on't1 said the king1 shaking his head1 but let me see you again next levee-day4 ,the lieutenant did not fail to appear at the place of assignation1 when he received from the immediate hands of royalty1 five hundred pounds1 smart money1 and a pension of two hundred a-year4 99 99 99 99 99 ,printed and published by ,j4 ,,limbird1 #adc1 ,strand1 7near ,somerset ,house17 ,london2 sold by ,,ernest ,,fleischer1 #fbf1 ,new ,market1 ,leipsic2 ,g4,g4 ,,bennis1 #ee1 ,rue ,neuve1 ,st4 ,augustin1 ,paris2 and by all ,newsmen and ,booksellers4