,,squash ,,tennis   by ,richard ,c4     
,squires 7#aica-bjjc7  #a4jj  ,march    
#aifh     ,,contents   ,who ,can ,play8 
,strategy ,fundamental ,strokes         
,shot-,making ,history of ,squash       
,tennis ,court ,specifications and      
,equipment ,official ,playing ,rules    
,national ,champions    ,,about ,,the   
,,author   ,dick ,squires is certainly  
qualified to produce this manual on     
,instant ,squash ,tennis4  ,added to an 
articulateness which equips him to put  
his experience and knowledge into words1
 his background in racquet games is     
broad1 longstanding and at a level      
sufficiently upper echelon to have      
garnered national championships in three
 separate bat and ball sports4          
,starting early1 in ,bronxville1 ,n4,y41
 he was a member of the ,national       
,junior ,davis ,cup ,tennis team at #ag4
  ,emerging from ,the ,hill ,school in  
#aidi and fitted with the ,national     
,junior ,tennis ,doubles crown1 he went 
through ,williams ,college with the     

class of #aiec4  ,in #aied1 he was #ej  
percent of the title winning team in the
 ,national ,squash ,racquets men's      
,doubles ,championships1 and was ranked 
seventh nationally in singles4  ,twice a
 finalist in the ,national              
,intercollegiate ,squash ,racquets      
,championship1 he was elected ,president
 of the ,national ,intercollegiate      
,association in #aieb4  ,less active in 
formal competition for some years1 he   
latterly became interested in a newly   
burgeoning racquet sport1 and attained  
the pinnacle in the #aiff ,national     
,platform ,paddle ,tennis ,doubles      
,championships4  ,meanwhile1 he had     
become fascinated with the venerable    
game of ,squash ,tennis4  ,attacking it 
with his usual enthusiasm and natural   
aptitudes1 in two years he mastered this
 relatively difficult game sufficiently 
to be runner-up in the ,nationals       
,singles 7#aiff74  ,concurrently1 he    
devoted the aforementioned enthusiasm to
 heading a program to revitalize the    

game2 with significant results4         
,finally1 also in #aifg1 he was elected 
,president of the #eg year old ,national
 ,squash ,tennis ,association4   ,a word
 about the various illustrations showing
 the squash tennis court and various    
shots3  ,the solid 99 is you and your   
position and the ,o is your opponent's4 
,the direction of flight of the ball is 
indicated by arrows and the x indicates 
when and where the ball bounces on the  
floor4  ,f indicates forehand1 ,b       
backhand1 and the ,s is the service4 ,in
 all descriptions it is assumed the     
player is right-handed4  7,illustrated  
by ,richard ,kaiser7  ,transcriber's    
,note3  ,see the ,,html version of this 
e-book for illustrations4  ,figure      
captions have been transferred to the   
text in brackets4    ,,who ,,can ,,play8
   ,anyone who enjoys playing ,tennis1  
,squash ,racquets1 ,platform ,tennis1 or
 any racquet game and has good reflexes 
will love ,squash ,tennis4  ,where it   
lacks the endurance and subtlety that   

,squash ,racquets calls for1 it offers  
the exhilaration inherent in powerfully 
hit strokes1 split-second racquet work1 
and graceful1 seemingly unhurried       
footwork4 ,the ball comes to you more   
often1 but the challenge is to figure   
out the wider angles and exactly where  
the lightning fast green ball will      
eventually end up after rebounding off  
of as many as five walls4  ,the game of 
,squash ,tennis has something to offer  
players of all ages4 ,the demands for   
fast reflexes1 agile racquet work and   
speed of foot are intriguing challenges 
for the youngsters4  ,on the other hand1
 placement1 guile1 patience1 and the    
faster ball that actually provides more 
time for retrieval make ,squash ,tennis 
the ideal sport for the older athlete   
who wants to preserve that straight     
waistline all of his life4  ,the average
 age of the ranking players today is    
around #dc6  ,in addition1 the          
promising1 young 7#aj to #ac year old7  
,lawn ,tennis comer1 who cannot play    

,tennis during the winter months and    
still does not have the strength or     
coordination to hit the ,squash         
,racquets ball hard and often enough to 
heat it up and realize some prolonged1  
interesting rallies1 is an excellent    
prospect for ,squash ,tennis4  ,the ball
 is not affected by temperature change  
and requires no warming up4  ,the       
youngster will improve his racquet work1
 hone his reflexes 7especially on       
volleys and half volleys71 and keep his 
legs in shape during the off winter     
months4  ,also1 the racquet and ball are
 akin to ,lawn ,tennis equipment4       
,finally1 everyone and_/or any club that
 presently possesses ,squash courts can 
introduce the additional indoor bat and 
ball game of ,squash ,tennis4 ,all that 
is required is a #d feet #f inches      
backwall out line in addition to the #f 
feet #f inches ,squash ,racquets line   
and1 ideally1 the extension of the      
service dividing line up to the tell    
tale 7see fig4 #a ,note extension of    

service line to front wall474  ,because 
the ball is not affected by temperature1
 many people play ,squash ,tennis all   
year round1 and not only in the cold1   
winter months4  ,this game could1       
therefore1 be played widely in the      
,south4  ,so1 we invite all racquets    
men1 young and old alike1 to accept the 
challenges of the fastest indoor racquet
 and ball game in the world4  ,as a     
matter of fact1 because of the speed of 
the ball and1 consequently1 the less    
running involved1 ,squash ,tennis would 
be an excellent game for the more active
 distaffers4  ,if you are looking for a 
sport that you can master in one or two 
seasons then don't take up ,squash      
,tennis4  ,but if you are looking for an
 intriguing and invigorating game which 
you can play practically all your life1 
we strongly urge you to try ,squash     
,tennis4  ,you1 your waistline1 legs1   
lungs and reflexes will never regret it4
    ,,strategy   ,the strategy in       
,squash ,tennis is basically the same as

 ,squash ,racquets2 i4e41 to control the
 so-called ,t or the intersection of the
 service court lines1 by keeping your   
opponent up front1 off to the sides1 or 
behind you1 the majority of the time    
7see fig4 #b ,desired court position474 
,the fundamental stratagem can only be  
carried out by your learning a wide     
assortment of ,squash ,tennis shots and 
perfecting your repertoire with practice
 and experience against many different  
types of opponents under competitive    
situations4  ,you will have to fight and
 play hard for this position4  ,always  
head for the ,t immediately after       
hitting the ball1 but taking care not to
 interfere with your opponent's stroke4 
,all of your shots should be hit with a 
purpose1 which is to keep your opponent 
off balance1 away from the ,t1 and of   
course1 eventually to defeat him4       
,change of pace1 therefore1 is of utmost
 importance4  ,break up your opponent's 
rhythm1 never allow him to get grooved1 
frequently do the unexpected1 so that he

 loses confidence in his anticipation   
and1 subsequently1 goes on the          
defensive4  ,at all times be offensive4 
,the game of ,squash ,tennis has known  
many so-called great getters1 but they  
invariably have succumbed to purposeful 
power and the aggressively angled shots 
of players with the burning desire to   
win1 the killer instinct that spurs the 
great players to go all out for every   
point4  ,play each point like an        
individual match4  ,don't let up or     
intentionally throw a game4  ,squash    
,tennis1 as with all racquet games1 is a
 sport of momentum4  ,many a tide has   
changed1 many a match won when seemingly
 it has been hopelessly lost4  ,go after
 every point as though you were down    
,match ,point and had to win it4        
,coasting shatters your concentration1  
and lost concentration can well mean a  
lost match4  ,play to win as quickly as 
you can4  ,finally1 assume your opponent
 will retrieve even your best shots4    
,don't underestimate his ability or     

overestimate your shot-making prowess4  
,remember the speed of the ball actually
 gives your opponent more time to get to
 it4  ,always be ready for anything     
until the ball is actually ruled dead   
and the rally has ended4                
,,fundamental ,,strokes   ,the ,squash  
,tennis stroke is more closely allied to
 the ,squash ,racquets swing than to the
 ,tennis swing4  ,ground ,strokes3  ,the
 wrist and grip should be kept loose at 
all times4 ,the grip will automatically 
be tightened at the moment of contact   
with the ball4  ,the forehand and       
backhand ground strokes should be hit   
with a short1 snap of the wrist--as     
though you were cracking a whip4  ,there
 is no time and no reason to employ a   
long1 high follow-through4  ,the head of
 the racquet at the moment of impact    
with the ball should be slightly open   
and you should feel the gut biting the  
side of the ball4  ,this slight         
side-spin cut1 with the racquet head    
tilting back and hit like a short1 chip 

shot1 will tend to keep the ball low and
 inexorably grabbing for the floor4     
,the spin will produce many nicks1 which
 are shots that hit a side wall and     
floor practically simultaneously and    
die4  7,see fig4 #c ,racquet open when  
contacting ball4 for position of racquet
 at the moment of contact with ball47   
,the follow-through is low and          
abbreviated4  ,the racquet head should  
go straight out or up the court rather  
than be wrapped around your body4 ,the  
best way to groove your strokes and to  
keep the ball low is to consciously aim 
your racquet head on your follow-through
 at the very1 top of the telltale4  ,as 
in all racquet sports1 the racquet      
should do the work4  ,the ball willingly
 goes where the racquet head directs it4
  ,do not flail or attempt to push your 
shots4  ,hit them crisply with the snap 
of your cocked wrist1 and at all times  
attempt to regiment your swing4         
,ideally your body should be out of the 
way1 which means whenever possible on   

your ground strokes you should turn     
sideways4  ,your weight should shift    
toward the direction in which you are   
hitting at the moment of impact1 and you
 should have your feet planted firmly4  
,because of the high velocity of the    
ball1 however1 you frequently will not  
have the time to turn sideways and will 
be required to stroke in awkward and    
off-balance positions4  ,your aim1      
however1 is always to be in the correct 
position of play before the ball gets   
there1 thus allowing time for adjustment
 and proper stroking4  ,move to your    
position with short1 quick steps rather 
than long1 tiring strides4  ,consciously
 maintain your weight on your toes1 with
 the knees slightly bent4  ,this will   
help you to move in any direction       
necessary as quickly as possible4  ,in  
following the ball around the corners1  
do not stand still and pivot4 ,go after 
it1 again with a series of short steps  
with your racquet head up and cocked1   
and your body in proper position so that

 you are ready to make a quick and      
meaningful stroke4  ,volleying or       
cutting off the ball before it hits the 
floor is similar to the tennis stroke4  
,it calls for lightning-like reflexes   
and the ability to move the racquet head
 practically in any given direction in a
 fraction of a second4  ,the volley is a
 short jab1 with the racquet head       
traveling forward no more than1 say1 #bd
 inches4  ,once again1 your aim should  
be in the direction of where you want   
the ball to go1 and low4  ,the main     
purpose of the volley is to keep your   
opponent constantly on the run1 moving  
him about1 and preferably up and back1  
by cutting off the flight of the ball4  
,most players can run all day sideways1 
but will eventually tire if you make    
them run up and back4  ,like body       
punches in boxing1 forcing your opponent
 up to the front wall with deftly placed
 volleys will eventually take its toll4 
,miscellaneous3  ,generally all ,squash 
,tennis strokes should be hit as low as 

possible--within a few inches of the    
front telltale4  ,this will take time   
and practice1 but pays high dividends4  
,a low ball invites the aforementioned  
nicks and keeps your opponent hurrying  
and scurrying4  ,the chances are better 
that1 when hit with the proper amount of
 pace1 a low ball will die before it    
gets to the back wall4  ,when a ball is 
hugging the side wall1 don't attempt to 
pick it off4  ,it is far easier1 and    
your percentage of success is far       
greater1 to scrape the ball off with a  
very loose wrist4  ,your other          
alternative is to hit the ball right    
into the wall and hope it will angle off
 and travel to the front wall 7see fig4 
#d ,to retrieve wall hugger1 hit ball   
right into wall474  ,service3  ,the     
proper position prior to serving is with
 the feet as close to the ,t as         
possible4  ,this location will help you 
to put your service in the desired      
place1 which is parallel to the side    
wall4  ,in other words1 you reduce the  

angle4  ,in addition1 the center of the 
court is the ideal position from which  
to cover your opponent's return 7see    
fig4 #e ,forehand and backhand service  
positions474  ,since the ball must land 
short of the service line1 it is        
obviously not possible to overpower your
 opponent for a service ace--as         
contrasted to the services in ,squash   
,racquets or ,lawn ,tennis4  ,the most  
effective service1 therefore1 is hit as 
high as possible on the front wall to a 
spot that will place the ball after     
bouncing 7and your opponent must wait   
for your service to bounce on the       
floor--he cannot volley it7 as high and 
also as close to the side wall as       
possible4  ,your opponent will have a   
difficult time hitting the ball well    
because of its height and its closeness 
to the side wall4  ,a great deal of     
practice and experimentation will be    
required before you discover exactly    
where that spot is1 and with what degree
 of effort you should hit the ball4     

,the service is hit with a slight cut1  
which will usually make the ball grab   
the wall and hug closer4  ,a            
semi-overhand1 side-spin service is best
 employed from the right court1 and a   
sliced underhand shot is used from the  
left side 7see fig4 #f ,forehand and    
backhand lob services474  ,for an       
occasional surprise or change of pace1  
you can vary the service by hitting the 
ball somewhat harder right at your      
opponent4  ,this can be done either as a
 straight shot right down the middle    
7fig4 #g ,service straight down the     
middle47 or at a sharp angle that breaks
 off the side wall and lands right at   
his feet 7fig4 #h ,in and out service   
angling into opponent474  ,in addition1 
reversed cuts can also throw your       
opponent off1 since you can make the    
ball bounce off the floor in the        
opposite direction than expected4       
,finally1 the service is practically the
 only stroke in the game of ,squash     
,tennis which permits you the luxury of 

time prior to hitting4  ,you should1    
therefore1 take advantage of this time  
to get settled1 anchor your feet        
comfortably1 pause1 even take a deep    
breath1 and concentrate on how you are  
going to hit the ball toward your spot  
in order to make as good a service as   
possible4  ,don't aimlessly just put the
 ball in play4 ,a careless server loses 
many points by allowing his opponent to 
make an offensive return4  ,a           
deliberate1 concentrating1 purposeful   
player1 on the other hand1 will actually
 win many important points with well    
placed serves4    ,,shot-,,making       
,most uninitiates1 especially ,squash   
,racquets players who are adroit at     
and_/or addicted to that game1 believe  
,squash ,tennis offers nothing but      
prolonged slam bang rallies and a boring
 sameness4  ,because of the tremendous  
liveliness of the ball and the apparent 
absence of deftly placed straight drops 
that die in a corner1 these potential   
players scorn and speak disparagingly of

 the wonderful game of ,squash ,tennis  
which1 like all racquet games1 has its  
own shots and ways of putting the ball  
away4  ,it is very true that            
overwhelming power is a key to hitting  
winning shots1 but this is also true of 
,lawn ,tennis4  ,employing the so-called
 ,big ,game of ,tennis is an absolute   
must if a circuit player today is going 
to be a winner4  ,no longer do you see  
any classic baseline duels where the    
premium is on guile and steadiness4     
,the ,big ,service1 the powerful        
rapier-like follow-up volley or overhead
 smash are the standard weapons that pay
 off in today's ,tennis game4  ,squash  
,tennis1 although played in a regular   
,squash court1 is indeed different from 
,squash ,racquets4  ,it possesses its   
own distinctive variety of shots1       
subtleties and ways of defeating your   
opponent4  ,one of the most difficult   
and frustrating tasks we in the         
,national ,squash ,tennis ,association  
have in our attempts to expose the game 

to potential players is to somehow get a
 prospect out on the court more than    
once4 ,squash ,tennis is a game calling 
for such speed of racquet and           
comprehensive understanding of much     
longer or wider angles 7than ,squash    
,racquets7 that no one can really feel  
comfortable until he has been out on the
 court playing at least a half dozen    
times4  ,it is a rare player1 indeed1   
who does not quickly become discouraged 
the first few times and decides the game
 just isn't for him after all4  ,and    
what a pity it is6 ,for he is missing   
out on playing a sport that offers him  
many years of wonderful1 exhilarating   
exercise1 good camaraderie1 and a       
beautiful1 matchless rhythm displayed in
 harmonious coordination of racquet and 
graceful footwork4  ,the following are  
some of the fundamental shots you should
 attempt to include in your repertoire3 
,rails3  ,your bread and butter shots1  
similar to ,squash ,racquets1 are the   
rails or shots hit straight up and down1

 parallel to the side wall4 ,these rails
 keep your opponents scrambling and     
allow you to hold that important ,t     
position4  ,the rail shot is hit more   
effectually when you are fairly close1  
within three feet1 of the side wall4    
,the closer your position to the side   
wall1 the easier it is to hit a shot    
that stays right next to the wall during
 the entire flight of the shot 7see fig4
 #i ,straight up and down backhand and  
forehand rail shots474  ,many winners   
are made off of these rail shots in the 
following manner3  #a4  ,frequently the 
ball hits straight into a rear corner   
and dies2 or #b4  ,it pops unexpectedly 
out of the corner and right into your   
opponent2 #c4  ,when hit with the proper
 pace1 and low1 the ball will die before
 it comes off the back wall2 #d4  ,when 
hit with sheer power and relatively     
high1 your opponent will be unable to   
catch up with it2 #e4  ,if the ball is  
hit in such a manner as to make it cling
 to the side wall all the way back1 your

 opponent will err in attempting to pick
 it off the side wall4  ,crosscourts3   
,to be mixed in with your straight up   
and down strokes are the crosscourt     
forehand and backhand shots4  ,here     
again1 these are employed to keep the   
ball out of the middle and keep your    
opponent defensive and on the move4     
,they can be hit either straight toward 
the opposite back wall corner 7see fig4 
#aj ,cross court to opponent's          
backhand47 frequently for a winner1 or  
more sharply cross court1 so that the   
ball either breaks into or behind your  
opponent's position 7see fig4 #aa ,cross
 court that breaks into or behind       
opponent474  ,three-wall ,fadeaway3     
,this shot can only be executed when you
 are a few feet in front of the service 
line and off to one side of the court or
 the other1 nearer to the side wall than
 the center4  ,otherwise it is          
practically impossible to obtain the    
necessary angle to pull of the          
three-wall fadeaway successfully4  ,the 

ball is hit as sharply as possible into 
the opposite corner1 at a position      
approximately midway between the floor  
and the ceiling1 striking the front wall
 first and then the side wall4  ,this   
particular stroke is hit higher than    
most of the other ,squash ,tennis shots 
since the ball has so far to travel4    
,it will shoot off the side wall at     
great velocity and traverse cross court1
 bounce1 and hit the other side wall    
deep--ideally within two feet of the    
back wall4  ,then1 instead of coming off
 at the same angle as it hits1 the ball 
rebounds practically parallel to the    
back wall 7see fig4 #ab #c-wall         
fadeaway474  ,a well hit three-way      
fadeaway1 which can be made either off  
the backhand or the forehand1 is        
practically irretrievable since your    
opponent1 even when he comes to realize 
how the ball is going to skid out       
straight at him1 will still have great  
difficulty in getting his racquet head  
behind the ball 7and in front of the    

back wall7 to make a return4  ,double   
,boast3  ,this shot1 while not as       
effective as in ,squash ,racquets1 can1 
nonetheless1 result in many winning     
points or1 if not producing a winner1 it
 will force your opponent to the front  
of the court in order to make his       
retrieval4  ,the double boast is hit    
almost straight into the side wall and  
fairly low 7three to four feet above the
 floor7 and can be hit either off the   
forehand or backhand side4  ,the ball   
rebounds off the side wall1 goes cross  
court and hits the opposite side wall   
just inches away from the front wall4   
,it bounces out and practically parallel
 to the front1 barely touching or       
kissing the front wall for a winner1 or 
at least a very difficult get for your  
opponent 7see figs4 #ac ,forehand boast4
  #ad ,forehand boast474  ,the only     
prerequisite for hitting this shot      
properly is that you should be fairly   
far back in the court and close to one  
of the side walls prior to the execution

 of your shot4  ,four-,wall ,boast3     
,this particular shot is much more      
difficult to master than the double     
boast or three-wall fadeaway but1 at the
 same time1 far more effective and      
unexpected4  ,it has to be hit with a   
good deal of power and quite high in    
order to carry to the front wall4  ,your
 chances of success are1 therefore1 far 
greater if attempted off the forehand   
side4  ,the ball travels off your       
racquet high into the backhand or left  
wall1 rebounds sharply to the opposite  
or forehand wall heading toward the     
front of the court4  ,there should still
 be enough momentum and height remaining
 to permit the ball to again go cross   
court to the left wall where it hits    
within a few inches of the front wall   
and drops straight down barely1 touching
 or kissing the front wall 7see fig4 #ae
 ,fourwall boast474  ,the four-wall     
boast is presently only hit by a handful
 of the better ,squash ,tennis players  
and should be a shot you attempt only   

after becoming skillful in the other    
more standard winning shots4  ,straight 
,up and ,down and ,cross ,court ,drops3 
,these soft or touch shots are employed 
primarily to move your opponent up and  
back1 although an occasional winner will
 result when a low ball1 hit with the   
right amount of pace and spin1 dies     
before your opponent can get to it4     
,too few ,squash ,tennis players today1 
including many of the ranking           
competitors1 employ this change of pace 
shot4  ,of all the shots1 this one must 
be hit with a short1 low follow-through 
in order to work successfully4  ,your   
primary goal to accomplish these shots  
is to make certain you hit the front    
wall first and1 ideally1 not allow the  
ball to angle into the side walls 7see  
figs4 #af ,straight backhand drop shot4 
#ag ,cross court forehand drop shot474  
,corner ,shots3  ,again1 unlike ,squash 
,racquets1 the ,squash ,tennis corner   
shots rarely result in an outright      
winner4  ,the ball is just too lively4  

,these shots are worth employing        
occasionally1 however1 to keep your     
opponent cross-legged1 off balance1 and 
on the run4  ,the most effective corner 
shots are hit with fairly good pace4    
,your aim should be low and into the    
side wall to a point much closer to the 
front wall than the spot a ,squash      
,racquets player employs4  ,the reason  
for hitting a corner shot in this in and
 out manner is to keep the livelier ball
 out of the center of the court 7see    
figs4 #ah ,how not to hit corner shot4  
#ai ,how to hit corner shot474          
,miscellaneous3  ,generally it is best  
when hitting any ,squash ,tennis shot to
 hold your shot as long as you can1 thus
 reducing the chances that your opponent
 can anticipate where you are going to  
put the ball and start moving to        
position even prior to your actually    
hitting4  ,whenever possible1 shield the
 ball with your body so that your       
opponent cannot see the direction you   
have hit until the very last possible   

instant4  ,there is nothing in the      
,playing ,rules against blocking your   
opponent's view1 as long as you do not  
interfere with his swing or with his    
getting into the proper position4       
,remember that the key to your shot     
making is mixing up your strokes and    
keeping the ball angled away from the   
middle of the court4  ,a ball that ends 
up in the center will probably result in
 your losing the point or1 at best1     
having to leave the ,t and go on the    
defensive4  ,the exception1 of course1  
is the widely employed gut ball that you
 hit into the front wall with great     
speed and at such a height that it      
rebounds right into your opponent's body
 7see fig4 #bj ,ball aimed to rebound   
off front wall and into opponent474     
,employ the side walls as much as       
possible to keep the ball ricocheting   
and rocketing about the court so your   
opponent becomes frustrated and almost  
dizzy from following the flight of your 
angled shots4  ,turning3  ,a word on    

turning or coming around is in order4   
,unlike ,squash ,racquets where turning 
is quite rarely necessary1 in ,squash   
,tennis it is both required and         
desirable to come around as frequently  
as possible4  ,the ,squash ,tennis ball 
is so lively and the angles so wide that
 trying to back up usually results in   
the ball chasing you and at best1 a     
defensive1 awkward shot will be all you 
can hit4  ,turning1 however1 and moving 
constantly after or toward the ball will
 open up the court as well as place you 
in a solid1 firm position to stroke the 
ball freely and comfortably4  7,see     
figures #ba ,don't back up and take ball
 on backhand4 and #bb ,usually best to  
turn and take ball on forehand4 showing 
a player backing up versus a player who 
is properly turning47  ,learning to come
 around is another one of those         
frustrations you will not find easy to  
master at first4  ,the ball1 being so   
fast1 will seem to run away from you4   
,just remember two things3  #a7 hustle  

after the ball with short1 speedy steps1
 keeping in mind that the angle is much 
greater than in ,squash ,racquets 7see  
figs4 #bc ,usual ,squash ,racquets angle
 and final bounce position4  #bd ,note  
wider1 longer angle of ,squash ,tennis  
ball's final bounce position47 and  #b7 
your racquet must be back and cocked1   
ready to swing through when the ball    
arrives at the proper hitting position1 
which is preferably out in front of you4
  ,finally1 another aspect of the game  
of ,squash ,tennis that a beginner or a 
converted ,squash ,racquets player will 
find unnatural is the necessity of      
immediately moving forward when you see 
or sense your opponent going for a      
sharply hit up-and-down shot1 either    
cross court or rail1 that does not hit  
any of the side walls4  ,the ,squash    
,racquets black ball is so much deader  
that the player usually has to go back  
first and then forward somewhat in order
 to be in the proper position to hit the
 ball as it rebounds off the back wall4 

,the tremendous speed of the ,squash    
,tennis ball1 however1 does not require 
that you go toward the back wall first4 
,to the contrary1 you must charge       
forward instantly 7even when your       
opponent's shot is heading toward the   
back wall7 or else you will never be    
able to catch up to it as it comes      
rebounding off the back wall4  ,many a  
shot off the back wall is played from a 
position closer to the front wall than  
to the back4    ,,history ,,of ,,squash 
,,tennis   ,squash ,tennis is one of the
 few racquet and ball indoor sports that
 can be termed honestly and strictly    
,american in origin1 whereas ,squash    
,racquets has its roots in ,england     
going as far back as the #ahejs4  ,the  
game spread to ,america in the #ahhjs   
and the first real organized ,squash    
,racquets play was in #ahhb at ,st4     
,paul's ,prep ,school1 in ,concord1 ,new
 ,hampshire4  ,eventually some of the   
boys there experimented with a ,lawn    
,tennis ball and liked the fast rallies 

and liveliness of the action4           
,consequently an exciting offspring was 
born1 ,squash ,tennis4  ,toward the turn
 of the century1 ,stephan ,j4 ,feron1 of
 ,new ,york became fascinated with the  
possibility of the speeded up version of
 ,squash and has been given the credit  
for creating the lighter ,squash ,tennis
 racquet and the famous 7or infamous7   
inflated ball with the knitted webbing  
surrounding the regular cover4  ,the    
last decade of the #ahjjs saw1          
therefore1 two ,squash games being      
played4  ,very quickly1 however1 ,squash
 ,tennis became more popular and widely 
played than ,squash ,racquets because of
 the more exciting pace and action of   
the play4  ,private courts were built on
 estates owned by such millionaires as  
,william ,c4 ,whitney and ,j4 ,p4       
,morgan4  ,the famous ,tuxedo ,club1    
,tuxedo ,park1 ,new ,york1 installed the
 first formal ,club court in #ahih4  ,by
 #aije1 the ,racquet and ,tennis ,club1 
,harvard1 ,princeton1 and ,columbia     

,clubs in ,manhattan had courts1 as did 
,brooklyn's ,crescent ,a4 ,c4 and the   
,heights ,casino4  ,in #aiaa the        
,national ,squash ,tennis ,association  
was founded and organized by the banker1
 ,john ,w4 ,prentiss1 ,harvard ,club of 
,new ,york4  ,the following year        
inter-club league competition was       
started in ,new ,york ,city--#ef years  
ago6  ,the sport also gained popularity 
and some limited play in other cities   
such as ,buffalo1 ,chicago1 ,boston1    
,philadelphia1 but the real nucleus of  
activity was pretty much confined to    
,the ,big ,city4  ,the halcyon days of  
,squash ,tennis were the #aibjs and     
#aicjs4  ,such names as ,fillmore ,van  
,s4 ,hyde1 ,rowland ,b4 ,haines1 ,thomas
 ,r4 ,coward1 ,william ,rand1 ,jr41 and 
,r4 ,earl ,fink dominated the amateur   
ranks during the ,golden ,twenties4     
,new ,york ,athletic ,club's ,harry ,f4 
,wolf reigned alone and supreme as the  
amateur champion during the ensuing     
decade4  ,the professionals1 however1   

owned the best of the amateurs4  ,walter
 ,kinsella1 ,robert ,l4 ,cahill1 ,tommy 
,iannicelli1 ,johnny ,jacobs1 ,frank    
,lafforgue1 ,rowland ,dufton1 were the  
outstanding play for pay performers4    
,and1 the unquestioned king of the      
,squash ,tennis courts was the legendary
 ,frank ,ward1 who never lost a match in
 tournament competition4  ,because of   
the desire by the expert ,squash ,tennis
 players for more and more speed and a  
higher pressurized ball1 a novice       
quickly became discouraged with his     
initial efforts at playing the game4    
,for many crucial years1 therefore1 the 
game was not adopted by new players and 
there was no broad base of tyros4       
,plainly and simply the avid duffers1   
which every sport must have if it is to 
survive and retain its popularity1 took 
up a less frustrating1 easier to master 
sport for their exercise4  ,world ,war  
,,ii saw the demise of this lightning   
fast webbed ball because of the shortage
 of rubber and the game all but died4   

,simultaneously ,squash ,racquets       
thrived during the ,war4  ,organized    
play and competition were established at
 service bases1 colleges1 schools and   
,y,m,c,as4  ,a new breed of young1      
active ,americans became enamored with  
,squash ,racquets and the pendulum swung
 away from ,squash ,tennis4  ,after all1
 what is a racquet game without an      
appropriate ball8  ,the now aging       
professionals saw the wave of interest  
in ,squash ,racquets and climbed aboard4
  ,after the war ,frank ,lafforgue1 of  
the ,yale ,club1 attempted to renew     
interest in ,squash ,tennis by utilizing
 a standard ,lawn ,tennis ball4 ,while  
it was a far easier game for the novice 
to learn and a marvelous form of indoor 
exercise for the otherwise sedentary    
businessman1 the old timers1 remembering
 the ,golden ,age of the #aibjs and     
#aicjs1 became completely disenchanted  
with the slow1 heavy1 make shift orb4   
,they left their love and were contented
 to talk wistfully about the good old   

days4  ,competition1 though             
comparatively limited1 continued4  ,some
 of the outstanding players who competed
 right after the ,war in a dwindling    
number of tourneys were eight times     
national champion ,h4 ,robert ,reeve1   
,barry ,ryan1 ,frank ,hanson1 ,joseph   
,sullivan1 ,howard ,rose1 7still very   
active in his sixties7 ,j4 ,lennox      
,porter1 and ,john ,powers4  ,norman ,f4
 ,torrance1 ,harvard ,club1 ,secretary  
of the ,association in #aiai-aicd and   
the ,,nsta's ,president up until #aied1 
despite his love for the game and his   
efforts to rejuvenate it during the     
#aiejs1 was a voice in the wilderness4  
7,the following was extracted from an   
article written by ,robert ,h4 ,lehman1 
,editor of the #aiff-g edition of the   
,,nsta ,yearbook47  ,the present starts 
its story less than two years ago4  ,for
 many years1 well known1 long known     
figures had tried to revive the game1   
revamp the ball1 attract new players4   
,still active in administration and     

competition were ,willard ,rice1 ,howard
 ,rose1 ,larry ,pratt1 ,rodney ,fiske1  
,frank ,wadelton1 ,dave ,smith and      
others4  ,suddenly after protracted     
doldrums dominated mostly by            
conversation1 a spark was fired4  ,back 
to his old ,eastern haunts came         
volatile1 enthusiastic ,dick ,squires1 a
 ,national ,junior ,davis ,cupper while 
at school in ,bronxville1 a nationally  
ranked ,squash ,racquets player #aj     
years ago1 now in mid-thirties and still
 a 'natural4'  ,exposed to our game at  
the ,rye ,squash ,barn in early #aife1  
he went whole hog for his new love1     
roamed around crying1 ',how long has    
this been going on8'  ,mr4 ,torrance    
must have known something when1 way back
 in #aiea1 he said the game would come  
back4  ,the ebullient red-head lit a    
fire under everyone4  ,he talked a      
',rejuvenation ,committee' into         
existence1 headed it1 and started the   
ball rocketing4  ,fund-raising letters  
to ,patrons1 membership solicitations to

 clubs and individuals1 colorful posters
 broadcasting the game's delights on    
squash bulletin boards all over1 letters
 to pros outlining advantages and       
opportunities1 revision and updating of 
,official ,rules and ,association       
,by-,laws1 publicity releases to papers 
and magazines--all were dreamed up and  
implemented by ,squires and his now     
famous ',,nsta-,,rc1' a dedicated1 hard 
working bunch4  ,one of the most        
imaginative programs1 instigated during 
the winter of #aife-f1 was the running  
of exhibitions 7over #bb671 which       
dramatically exposed the game to the    
uninitiated1 attracted sizable galleries
 and converts4  ,dick's buddy1 ,bill    
,moncrieff1 conducted running           
commentaries1 stopping play to explain  
fine points1 while such as ,dick1 ,john 
,powers1 ,gavin ,murphy1 ,dave ,smith1  
,jim ,prigoff and ,henry ,stanton roamed
 the ,east to such spots as ,atlantic   
,city1 ,philadelphia1 ,washington and   
,rochester to spread the word4  ,mindful

 of the age-old cry1 ',what about the   
ball8' a committee was formed to pursue 
all possibilities with determination and
 with primary view to drastic reduction 
of breakage--a long-time bugaboo4  ,if  
the action could be improved1 so much   
the better4 4 4 4  ,great strides were  
made1 and recently ,norman ,forster1    
after carrying on lengthy1 exploratory  
discussions with the loyal ,spalding    
outfit 7which had been keeping the game 
going with the best they had been able  
to produce for this specialized and     
heretofore limited field1 developed an  
excellent ball--one that can withstand  
the tremendous beating a ,squash ,tennis
 ball takes as it rebounds about the    
walls4  ,in #aiff as evidence that      
,squash ,tennis was1 indeed1 on the     
comeback trail the august governing body
 of the ,national ,squash ,tennis       
,association elected five-time national 
champion1 ,jim ,prigoff1 as their new   
,president4  ,they pledged their support
 both verbally and financially4 ,the    

most active season in over #be years was
 instigated and many new faces were seen
 chasing the fast green covered ball    
about the court4 ,innumerable converts  
came over from ,squash ,racquets and new
 life and vitality was breathed into the
 grand old game4  ,momentum continues4  
,a new look was adopted in #aifg with   
the complete reorganization of the      
,association4  ,functioning committees  
were formed to create and implement     
workable plans in the various important 
areas of activity as ,tournament and    
,ranking1 ,exhibitions and ,clinics1    
,promotions and ,publicity1 ,finance1   
,national ,development1 ,membership1    
,referees and ,rules1 etc4  ,a broad    
base of energetic lovers of the game1   
with due respect for tradition1 began to
 think in the present what could be done
 now to enhance the popularity of the   
sport1 and to plan for the future4 ,the 
day of the one man show1 the one        
athlete-dominated sport was over4       
,squash ,tennis can and should be played

 and enjoyed by everyone4  ,and we1 of  
the revitalized ,national ,squash       
,tennis ,association plan to do         
everything necessary to provide you1 the
 present or potential player1 the hacker
 or expert1 with the kind of organized  
programs that will encourage you to play
 ,squash ,tennis as long as you         
physically can4  ,keep in mind that the 
venerable ,mr4 ,torrance won a          
tournament match at the age of #hb6     
,,court ,,specifications ,,and          
,,equipment   ,court--,basically the    
,squash ,tennis court is identical in   
specifications to ,squash ,racquets2    
namely #ah #a_/b feet wide1 #cb feet    
long1 and #af feet high at the front    
wall3  ,the ceiling should be at least  
#ah feet #f inches high in order to     
allow for lights4  ,running along the   
front wall1 #ag inches in height1 is the
 telltale made of sheet metal4  ,hitting
 the telltale is tantamount to hitting a
 ,lawn ,tennis ball into the net4  ,the 
front wall also has the front service   

line1 which is #f #a_/b feet above the  
floor4  ,on the floor1 #aj feet from the
 backwall1 is the floor service line    
extending parallel to the backwall and  
across the entire width of the court4   
,a line drawn from the floor service    
line to the backwall divides the back   
court into two equal halves4  ,ideally  
7but not an absolute necessity7 the     
service line should also extend all the 
way up to the front wall in order to    
divide the forecourt in two for service 
placement4  ,in other words1 the service
 must land in the opponent's half of the
 court in front of the floor service    
line and divided by the extension of the
 center line to the front wall4  ,the   
service court in ,squash ,tennis1       
therefore1 is actually #bb feet long1   
and bounded by the center line1 floor   
service line1 side wall and front wall  
7rather than back wall74  ,the backwall 
out line is #d feet #f inches above the 
floor1 or #b feet below the present     
,squash ,racquets' backwall out line4   

,otherwise the rules in scoring are     
identical to ,squash ,racquets1 even    
though the style of play is1 as you have
 noted1 quite different4  7,for a       
schematic drawing of a ,squash ,tennis  
court1 see ,figure #be ,dimensional     
drawing of a ,squash ,tennis court447   
,equipment--,the green felt covered ball
 is approximately #b #c_/h inches in    
diameter1 slightly smaller than a       
standard ,lawn ,tennis ball but         
containing higher pressure4  ,it is1    
therefore1 lighter and faster4  ,these  
,squash ,tennis balls are manufactured  
for the ,association by ,a4 ,g4         
,spalding  ,bros4  ,they can be bought  
from any ,squash ,professional or       
directly from the ,national ,squash     
,tennis ,association for #a4be each4    
,recent manufacturing improvements have 
extended the length of time you can play
 with a ball without it wearing out or  
breaking4  ,the racquet has the         
identical size head to a regulation     
,lawn ,tennis frame1 but the length1    

including the handle1 should not exceed 
#bf inches1 which is #a inch shorter    
and1 therefore1 somewhat lighter and    
more wieldable than a standard ,tennis  
racquet4  ,regular gut or nylon is used 
for the string4  ,a strong ,squash      
,tennis racquet sells at a competitive  
price to a ,squash ,racquet bat4        
,,official ,,playing ,,rules   #a4      
,,courts     ,the court dimensions1     
lines1 telltale1 material1 construction1
 and lights shall be in accordance with 
the specifications approved by the      
,executive ,committee of the ,national  
,squash ,tennis ,association4  ,existing
 ,american 7hardball7 ,squash ,racquets 
courts are recognized by the ,national  
,squash ,tennis ,association1 but a     
court boundary line across the back     
wall1 #d'f #acgbmm from the floor1 is   
essential1 and a line from the center of
 the service line forward to the front  
wall is highly desirable4  #b4          
,,racquet ,,and ,,ball     ,the racquet 
or bat shall have a frame similar in    

shape to that of a lawn tennis racquet1 
the length including the handle not to  
exceed #bg inches #fhfmm4  ,the         
stringing shall be of gut1 nylon or     
other kindred substance1 but neither the
 frame nor the stringing may be of      
metal4     ,the ball shall be in        
accordance with the specification       
approved by the ,executive ,committee of
 the ,national ,squash ,tennis          
,association4  #c4  ,,game     ,a game  
shall be fifteen points2 that is1 the   
player scoring fifteen points will win  
the game1 except in the event both      
players tie 7a7 at thirteen all1 the    
player who has first reached the score  
of thirteen will elect one of the       
following before proceeding with the    
game3 #a7 set five--making the game     
eighteen points1 #b7 set three--making  
the game sixteen points1 #c7 no         
set--making the game fifteen points--or 
b7 at fourteen all1 providing the score 
has not been thirteen all1 the player   
who has first reached fourteen points   

will elect one of the following before  
proceeding with the game3  #a7 set      
three--making the game seventeen points1
 #b7 no set--making the game fifteen    
points4  #d4  ,,match     ,matches shall
 be the best three out of five games4   
#e4  ,,server     ,before a match       
begins1 it shall be decided by a spin of
 a racquet by the players as to which   
player shall serve first4  ,thereafter1 
when the server loses a point1 his      
opponent becomes the server4  ,the      
winner of a game shall serve first at   
the beginning of the following game4    
#f4  ,,service     ,the server shall    
stand behind the service line with both 
feet on the floor and not touching or   
straddling the line1 and serve the ball 
against the front wall above the        
front-wall service line and below the   
#af-;ft4 #dhggmm line before it touches 
any other part of the court1 so that it 
shall drop directly1 or off the side    
wall1 into his opponent's court in front
 of the floor service line without      

either touching the floor service line  
or the center line4     ,if the server  
does not so serve1 it is a fault1 and if
 it be the first fault1 the server shall
 serve again from the same side4  ,if   
the server makes two consecutive faults1
 he loses that point4     ,the server   
has the option of electing the side from
 which he shall commence serving and    
thereafter1 until he loses the service1 
he shall alternate between both sides of
 the court in serving4  ,if the server  
serves from the wrong side of court1    
there shall be no penalty and if the    
receiver makes no attempt to return the 
ball the point shall be replayed from   
the proper court4     ,when one service 
fault has been called and play for any  
reason whatsoever has stopped1 when play
 is resumed the first fault does not    
stand and the server is entitled to two 
services4  #g4  ,,return ,,of ,,service 
,,and ,,subsequent ,,play     7a7  ,to  
make a valid return of service the ball 
must be struck after the first bounce   

and before the second bounce1 and reach 
the front wall on the fly above the     
telltale and below the #af-;ft4 line2 in
 so doing it may touch any wall or walls
 within the court before or after       
reaching the front wall1 except as in   
7e71 below4  ,a service fault may not be
 played4  ,if a fair service is not so  
returned1 it shall count as a point for 
the server and he shall then serve from 
the other side of the court4     7b7    
,after a valid return of service1 each  
player alternately thereafter shall     
strike the ball in the same manner as on
 the return of service1 except that it  
may be volleyed4  ,the player failing to
 so return the ball shall lose the      
point4     7c7  ,a ball striking the    
ceiling or lights or on or above any    
court boundary line on the fly shall be 
ruled out of court2 if a ball should    
strike the back wall on or above the    
#d'f line after having bounced1 it shall
 continue to be in play4  ,if a ball    
having bounced should go into the       

gallery or strike any construction which
 alters its course1 a let shall be      
called4     7d7  ,if a ball before the  
second bounce hits the front wall above 
the telltale for the second time it is  
still in play4     7e7  ,in an effort to
 return the ball to the front wall by   
first hitting to the back wall1 the ball
 may not be played to the back wall     
unless it has first struck the back     
wall1 and must be so struck as to hit   
the back wall below the #d'f line4      
7f7  ,a player may not hit a ball twice 
during a stroke1 but1 while the ball is 
still in play1 it may be struck at any  
number of times4  #h4  ,,let     ,a let 
is the stopping of play and the playing 
over of the point4     7a7  ,in all     
cases1 a player requesting a let must   
make his request before or in the act of
 hitting the ball4  ,if a let is        
requested after the ball has been hit1  
it shall not be granted4     7b7  ,if a 
player endeavoring to make his play in  
proper turn is interfered with so as to 

prevent him from making such play as he 
would without such interference1 or if  
the striker refrains from striking at   
the ball because of fear of hitting his 
opponent1 there shall be a let whether  
the ball has been hit by him or not4    
7c7  ,a player shall not be entitled to 
a let because his opponent prevents him 
from seeing the ball1 provided his      
stroke is not interfered with4     7d7  
,if the ball breaks in the course of a  
point1 there shall be a let4  ,if a     
player thinks the ball has broken while 
play is in progress1 he must            
nevertheless complete the point and then
 request a let4  ,the referee shall     
grant the let only if the ball proves in
 fact to be broken4     7e7  ,if in the 
course of a point either player should  
be interfered with by elements outside  
their control1 there shall be a let4    
7f7  ,it shall be the duty of the       
referee to call a let if1 in his        
opinion1 the play warrants it4  ,if a   
match be played without a referee1 the  

question of a let shall be left to the  
sportsmanship of the players4     7g7   
,a player hit by a ball still in play   
loses the point1 except that if he be   
hit by a ball played by his opponent    
before the ball strikes the front wall  
above the telltale1 then it is a let4   
,if however1 a player is hit by a ball  
off his opponent's racquet that is      
clearly not going to reach the front    
wall above the telltale1 a let will not 
be allowed and the point shall be given 
to the player who was hit by the ball4  
,however1 a player hit by a ball still  
in play will not lose the point if      
because of interference a let is called4
  #i4  ,,player ,,interference     ,each
 player must stay out of his opponent's 
way after he has struck the ball and 7a7
 give his opponent a fair opportunity to
 get to and_/or strike at the ball and  
7b7 allow his opponent to play the ball 
from any part of the court to any part  
of the front wall or to either side     
wall4  #aj4 ,,let ,,point     7a7  ,a   

let point may be called by the referee  
if after adequate warning there is no   
attempt or evidence of intent on the    
part of a player to avoid unnecessary   
interference or unnecessary crowding    
during his opponent's playing of a      
point4  ,even though the player is not  
actually striking at it1 the referee may
 call a let point4  ,the player         
interfered with wins the point4     7b7 
,if in the opinion of a player he is    
entitled to a let point1 he should at   
once appeal to the referee whose        
decision shall be final1 except when    
judges are present1 as described in     
,rule #aa7;b74     7c7  ,a let point    
decision can only be made when a referee
 is officiating4  #aa4 ,,referee ,,and  
,,judges     7a7  ,if available a       
referee shall control the game in any   
scheduled match4  ,his decision is      
final1 except when there are judges     
present as described in ,rule #aa7;b74  
7b7  ,two judges may be appointed by the
 referee or tournament committee to act 

on any appeal by a player to the        
referee's decision4 ,when such judges   
are on hand1 a player may appeal any    
decision of the referee directly to the 
judges4  ,only if both judges disagree  
with the referee will the referee's     
decision be reversed4  ,the judges shall
 not make any ruling unless a player    
makes an appeal4  ,the decision of the  
judges shall be announced promptly by   
the referee4     7c7  ,all referees must
 be familiar with these playing rules   
when officiating in sanctioned matches4 
#ab4 ,,general     7a7  ,at any time    
between points1 at the discretion of the
 referee a new ball may be put in play  
at the request of either player4     7b7
  ,play shall be continuous4  ,between  
the third and fourth games there may be1
 at either player's request1 a rest     
period not to exceed five minutes4      
,between any other games there may be1  
at either player's request1 a rest      
period not to exceed one minute4     7c7
  ,if play is suspended by the referee  

due to an injury to one of the players1 
such player must resume play within one 
hour or otherwise default the match4    
7d7  ,the referee shall be the sole     
judge of any intentional delay1 and     
after giving due warning he may         
disqualify the offender4     7e7  ,if   
play is suspended by the referee for    
some problem beyond the control of both 
players1 play shall be resumed          
immediately after such problem has been 
eliminated4  ,if cause of the delay     
cannot be corrected within one hour1 the
 tournament committee and_/or the       
referee will determine when play will be
 resumed4  ,play shall commence from the
 point and game score existing at the   
time the match was halted4              
,january #aifh    ,,national ,,champions
   ,transcriber's ,note3  ,for reference
 purposes1 the reader may appreciate    
this list of ,squash ,tennis ,national  
,champions4  ,the championship          
tournament may not have been held every 
year in the early #aiijs4  ,and although

 7as of early #bjjd7 the most recent    
tournament was held around #aiie1 the   
,national ,squash ,tennis ,association  
considered ,gary ,squires to be the     
reigning champion when it reported to   
the ,new ,york ,times through #bjjj for 
the paper's annual comprehensive list of
 national sports champions4  ,gary      
,squires happens to be the son of the   
author of this booklet4   #aiaa-aiab    
,alfred ,stillman #aiac       ,george   
,whitney #aiad       ,alfred ,stillman  
#aiae-aiag  ,eric ,s4 ,winston #aiah    
,fillmore ,van ,s4 ,hyde #aiai          
,john ,w4 ,appel1 ,jr4 #aibj            
,auguste ,j4 ,cordier #aiba             
,fillmore ,van ,s4 ,hyde #aibb          
,thomas ,r4 ,coward #aibc       ,r4     
,earl ,fink #aibd       ,fillmore ,van  
,s4 ,hyde #aibe       ,william ,rand1   
,jr4 #aibf       ,fillmore ,van ,s4     
,hyde #aibg-aibi  ,rowland ,b4 ,haines  
#aicj-aidj  ,harry ,f4 ,wolf #aida      
,t4 ,a4 ,e4 ,harris #aidb-aide  7no     
tournaments held7 #aidf       ,frank ,r4

 ,hanson #aidg       ,frederick ,b4     
,ryan1 ,jr4 #aidh-aiej  ,h4 ,robert     
,reeve #aiea       ,j4 ,t4 ,p4 ,sullivan
 #aieb       ,h4 ,robert ,reeve #aiec   
,howard ,j4 ,rose #aied-aief  ,h4       
,robert ,reeve #aieg-aiei  ,j4 ,lennox  
,porter #aifj-aifb  ,james ,prigoff     
#aifc       ,john ,powers #aifd         
,james ,prigoff #aife       7no         
tournament held7 #aiff-aifh  ,james     
,prigoff #aifi-aihj  ,pedro ,a4         
,bacallao #aiha       ,david ,stafford  
#aihb-aihc  ,gary ,squires #aihd        
,loren ,lieberman #aihe       ,gary     
,squires #aihf       ,pedro ,a4         
,bacallao #aihg-bjjj  ,gary ,squires