,,an ,,enquiry ,,into ,,the             
,,obligations ,,of ,,christians1        
,,to ,,use ,,means ,,for ,,the          
,,conversion ,,of ,,the ,,heathens4     
,,in ,,which ,,the ,,religious ,,state  
,,of ,,the ,,different                  
,,nations ,,of ,,the ,,world1 ,,the     
,,success ,,of ,,former                 
,,undertakings1 ,,and ,,the             
,,practicability ,,of                   
,,further ,,undertakings1 ,,are         
,,considered1                           
,,by ,,william ,,carey4                 
,for there is no ,difference between the
 ,jew and the ,greek2     for the same  
,lord over all1 is rich unto all that   
call upon him4     ,for whosoever shall 
call on the name of the ,lord shall be  
saved4          ,how then shall they    
call on him1 in whom they have not      
believed8 and how shall they believe in 
him of whom they       have not heard8  
and how shall they hear without a       
,preacher8              and how shall   
they preach except they be sent8        

,,paul4                                 
,,mdccxcii4                             
,,introduction      ,as our blessed     
,lord has required us to pray that his  
kingdom may come1  and his will be done 
on earth as it is in heaven1 it becomes 
us not  only to express our desires of  
that event by words1 but to use every   
lawful method to spread the knowledge of
 his name4 ,in order to this1  it is    
necessary that we should become1 in some
 measure acquainted with  the religious 
state of the world2 and as this is an   
object we should  be prompted to pursue1
 not only by the gospel of our          
,redeemer1 but  even by the feelings of 
humanity1 so an inclination to          
conscientious  activity therein would   
form one of the strongest proofs that we
 are  the subjects of grace1 and        
partakers of that spirit of universal   
benevolence and genuine philanthropy1   
which appear so eminent in  the of ,god 
himself4    ,sin was introduced amongst 
the children of men by the fall of      

,adam1  and has ever since been         
spreading its baneful influence4 ,by    
changing  its appearances to suit the   
circumstances of the times1 it has grown
  up in ten thousand forms1 and         
constantly counteracted the will and    
designs of ,god4 ,one would have        
supposed that the remembrance of the    
deluge would have been transmitted from 
father to son1 and have  perpetually    
deterred mankind from transgressing the 
will of their  ,maker2 but so blinded   
were they1 that in the time of ,abraham1
 gross  wickedness prevailed wherever   
colonies were planted1 and the iniquity 
of the ,amorites was great1 though not  
yet full4 ,after this1 idolatry  spread 
more and more1 till the seven devoted   
nations were cut off with  the most     
signal marks of divine displeasure4     
,still1 however1 the  progress of evil  
was not stopped1 but the ,israelites    
themselves too  often joined with the   
rest of mankind against the ,god of     
,israel4 ,in  one period the grossest   

ignorance and barbarism prevailed in the
  world2 and afterwards1 in a more      
enlightened age1 the most daring        
infidelity1 and contempt of ,god2 so    
that the world which was once  over-run 
with ignorance1 now by wisdom knew not  
,god1 but changed the  glory of the     
incorruptible ,god as much as in the    
most barbarous ages1  into an image made
 like to corruptible man1 and to birds1 
and  four-footed beasts1 and creeping   
things4 ,nay1 as they increased in      
science and politeness1 they ran into   
more abundant and extravagant           
idolatries4    ,yet ,god repeatedly made
 known his intention to prevail finally 
over  all the power of the ,devil1 and  
to destroy all his works1 and set up    
his own kingdom and interest among men1 
and extend it as universally  as ,satan 
had extended his4 ,it was for this      
purpose that the ,messiah  came and     
died1 that ,god might be just1 and the  
justifier of all that  should believe in
 him4 ,when he had laid down his life1  

and taken it up  again1 he sent forth   
his disciples to preach the good tidings
 to every  creature1 and to endeavour by
 all possible methods to bring over a   
lost world to ,god4 ,they went forth    
according to their divine  commission1  
and wonderful success attended their    
labours2 the  civilized greeks1 and     
uncivilized barbarians1 each yielded to 
the  cross of ,christ1 and embraced it  
as the only way of salvation4 ,since    
the apostolic age many other attempts to
 spread the gospel have been  made1     
which have been considerably successful1
 notwithstanding which a  very          
considerable part of mankind are still  
involved in all the  darkness of        
heathenism4 ,some attempts are still    
making1 but they are  inconsiderable in 
comparison of what might be done if the 
whole body  of ,christians entered      
heartily into the spirit of the divine  
command  on this subject4 ,some think   
little about it1 others are unacquainted
  with the state of the world1 and      

others love their wealth better than    
the souls of their fellow-creatures4    
,in order that the subject may be taken 
into more serious  consideration1 ,i    
shall enquire1 whether the commission   
given by our  ,lord to his disciples be 
not still binding on us1--take a short  
view  of former undertakings1--give some
 account of the present state of the    
world1 consider the practicability of   
doing something more than is  done1--and
 the duty of ,christians in general in  
this matter4                            
,,an ,,enquiry1 c4                      
,,sect4 ,i4               ,an ,enquiry  
whether the ,commission given by our    
,lord              to his ,disciples be 
not still binding on us4      ,our ,lord
 ,jesus ,christ1 a little before his    
departure1 commissioned his  apostles to
 ,go1 and teach all nations2 or1 as     
another evangelist  expresses it1 ,go   
into all the world1 and preach the      
gospel to every  creature4 ,this        
commission was as extensive as possible1

 and laid them  under obligation to     
disperse themselves into every country  
of the  habitable globe1 and preach to  
all the inhabitants1 without exception1 
or limitation4 ,they accordingly went   
forth in obedience to the  command1 and 
the power of ,god evidently wrought with
 them4 ,many  attempts of the same kind 
have been made since their day1 and     
which  have been attended with various  
success2 but the work has not been      
taken up1 or prosecuted of late years   
7except by a few individuals7  with that
 zeal and perseverance with which the   
primitive ,christians  went about it4   
,it seems as if many thought the        
commission was  sufficiently put in     
execution by what the apostles and      
others have  done2 that we have enough  
to do to attend to the salvation of our 
own  countrymen2 and that1 if ,god      
intends the salvation of the heathen1 he
  will some way or other bring them to  
the gospel1 or the gospel to  them4 ,it 
is thus that multitudes sit at ease1 and

 give themselves no  concern about the  
far greater part of their               
fellow-sinners1 who to  this day1 are   
lost in ignorance and idolatry4 ,there  
seems also to be  an opinion existing in
 the minds of some1 that because the    
apostles  were extraordinary officers   
and have no proper successors1 and      
because  many things which were right   
for them to do would be utterly         
unwarrantable for us1 therefore it may  
not be immediately binding on  us to    
execute the commission1 though it was so
 upon them4 ,to the  consideration of   
such persons ,i would offer the         
following  observations4    ,,first1 ,if
 the command of ,christ to teach all    
nations be restricted to  the apostles1 
or those under the immediate inspiration
 of the ,holy  ,ghost1 then that of     
baptizing should be so too2 and every   
denomination  of ,christians1 except the
 ,quakers1 do wrong in baptizing with   
water at  all4    ,,secondly1 ,if the   
command of ,christ to teach all nations 

be confined to  the apostles1 then all  
such ordinary ministers who have        
endeavoured to  carry the gospel to the 
heathens1 have acted without a warrant1 
and  run before they were sent4 ,yea1   
and though ,god has promised the most   
glorious things to the heathen world by 
sending his gospel to them1  yet whoever
 goes first1 or indeed at all1 with that
 message1 unless he  have a new and     
special commission from heaven1 must go 
without any  authority for so doing4    
,,thirdly1 ,if the command of ,christ to
 teach all nations extend only to  the  
apostles1 then1 doubtless1 the promise  
of the divine presence in  this work    
must be so limited2 but this is worded  
in such a manner as  expressly precludes
 such an idea4 ,lo1 ,i am with you      
always1 to the  end of the world4       
,that there are cases in which even a   
divine command may cease to be  binding 
is admitted--,as for instance1 if it be 
repealed1 as the  ceremonial            
commandments of the jewish law2 or if   

there be no  subjects in the world for  
the commanded act to be exercised upon1 
as  in the law of septennial release1   
which might be dispensed with when      
there should be no poor in the land to  
have their debts forgiven4  ,deut4 xv4  
#d4 or if1 in any particular instance1  
we can produce a  counter-revelation1 of
 equal authority with the original      
command1 as  when ,paul and ,silas were 
forbidden of the ,holy ,ghost to preach 
the  word in ,bythinia4 ,acts xvi4 #f4  
#g4 or if1 in any case1 there be a      
natural impossibility of putting it in  
execution4 ,it was not the  duty of     
,paul to preach ,christ to the          
inhabitants of ,otaheite1 because  no   
such place was then discovered1 nor had 
he any means of coming at  them4 ,but   
none of these things can be alledged by 
us in behalf of the  neglect of the     
commission given by ,christ4 ,we cannot 
say that it is  repealed1 like the      
commands of the ceremonial law2 nor can 
we plead  that there are no objects for 

the command to be exercised upon4 ,alas6
  the far greater part of the world1 as 
we shall see presently1  are still      
covered with heathen darkness6 ,nor can 
we produce a  counter-revelation1       
concerning any particular nation1 like  
that to  ,paul and ,silas1 concerning   
,bythinia2 and1 if we could1 it would   
not  warrant our sitting still and      
neglecting all the other parts of the   
world2 for ,paul and ,silas1 when       
forbidden to preach to those heathens1  
went elsewhere1 and preached to others4 
,neither can we alledge a  natural      
impossibility in the case4 ,it has been 
said that we ought not  to force our    
way1 but to wait for the openings1 and  
leadings of  ,providence2 but it might  
with equal propriety be answered in this
 case1  neither ought we to neglect     
embracing those openings in providence  
which  daily present themselves to us4  
,what openings of providence do we wait 
for8 ,we can neither expect to be       
transported into the heathen world      

without ordinary means1 nor to be       
endowed with the gift of tongues1  c4   
when we arrive there4 ,these would not  
be providential interpositions1  but    
miraculous ones4 ,where a command exists
 nothing can be necessary to  render it 
binding but a removal of those obstacles
 which render  obedience impossible1 and
 these are removed already4  ,natural   
impossibility can never be pleaded so   
long as facts exist to prove the        
contrary4 ,have not the popish          
missionaries surmounted all those       
difficulties which we have generally    
thought to be insuperable8 ,have  not   
the missionaries of the ,unitas         
,fratrum1 or ,moravian ,brethren1       
encountered the scorching heat of       
,abyssinia1 and the frozen climes of    
,greenland1 and ,labrador1 their        
difficult languages1 and savage         
manners8 ,or have not ,english traders1 
for the sake of gain1 surmounted  all   
those things which have generally been  
counted insurmountable  obstacles in the

 way of preaching the gospel8 ,witness  
the trade to  ,persia1 the              
,east-,indies1 ,china1 and ,greenland1  
yea even the accursed  ,slave-,trade on 
the coasts of ,africa4 ,men can         
insinuate themselves into  the favour of
 the most barbarous clans1 and          
uncultivated tribes1 for  the sake of   
gain2 and how different soever the      
circumstances of  trading and preaching 
are1 yet this will prove the possibility
 of  ministers being introduced there2  
and if this is but thought a  sufficient
 reason to make the experiment1 my point
 is gained4    ,it has been said that   
some learned divines have proved from   
,scripture  that the time is not yet    
come that the heathen should be         
converted2  and that first the witnesses
 must be slain1 and many other          
prophecies fulfilled4 ,but admitting    
this to be the case 7which ,i much      
doubt#a7 yet if any objection is made   
from this against preaching to  them    
immediately1 it must be founded on one  

of these things2 either  that the secret
 purpose of ,god is the rule of our     
duty1 and then it  must be as bad to    
pray for them1 as to preach to them2 or 
else that  none shall be converted in   
the heathen world till the universal    
down-pouring of the ,spirit in the last 
days4 ,but this objection comes  too    
late2 for the success of the gospel has 
been very considerable in  many places  
already4    ,footnote #a3 ,see ,edwards 
on ,prayer1 on this subject1 lately     
re-printed  by ,mr4 ,sutcliffe4    ,it  
has been objected that there are        
multitudes in our own nation1 and       
within our immediate spheres of action1 
who are as ignorant as the  ,south-,sea 
savages1 and that therefore we have work
 enough at home1  without going into    
other countries4 ,that there are        
thousands in our  own land as far from  
,god as possible1 ,i readily grant1 and 
that this  ought to excite us to        
ten-fold diligence in our work1 and in  
attempts  to spread divine knowledge    

amongst them is a certain fact2 but that
 it  ought to supercede all attempts to 
spread the gospel in foreign parts      
seems to want proof4 ,our own countrymen
 have the means of grace1 and  may      
attend on the word preached if they     
chuse it4 ,they have the means  of      
knowing the truth1 and faithful         
ministers are placed in almost  every   
part of the land1 whose spheres of      
action might be much extended  if their 
congregations were but more hearty and  
active in the cause3  but with them the 
case is widely different1 who have no   
,bible1 no  written language1 7which    
many of them have not17 no ministers1 no
 good  civil government1 nor any of     
those advantages which we have4 ,pity   
therefore1 humanity1 and much more      
,christianity1 call loudly for every    
possible exertion to introduce the      
gospel amongst them4                    
,,sect4 ,,ii4              ,containing a
 short ,review of former ,undertakings  
for                     the ,conversion 

of the ,heathen4      ,before the coming
 of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ the whole  
world were either  heathens1 or jews2   
and both1 as to the body of them were   
enemies to  the gospel4 ,after the      
resurrection the disciples continued in 
,jerusalem till ,pentecost4 ,being daily
 engaged in prayer and  supplication1   
and having chosen ,matthias1 to supply  
the place of ,judas  in the apostolic   
office1 on that solemn day1 when they   
were all  assembled together1 a most    
remarkable effusion of the ,holy ,spirit
 took  place1 and a capacity of speaking
 in all foreign languages was  bestowed 
upon them4 ,this opportunity was        
embraced by ,peter for  preaching the   
gospel to a great congregation of jews  
and proselytes1  who were from ,parthia1
 ,media1 ,elam1 ,mesopotamia1 ,judea1   
,cappadocia1  the proconsular ,asia1    
,phrygia1 ,pamphylia1 ,egypt1 ,lybia1   
,crete1 ,arabia1  ,rome1 c4 and at the  
first effort ,god wrought so powerfully 
that three  thousand were converted1 who

 immediately after were baptized1 and   
added to the church4  ,before this great
 addition they consisted of but  about  
an hundred and twenty persons1 but from 
that time they  continually increased4  
,it was but a little after this that    
,peter and  ,john1 going up to the      
temple1 healed the lame man2 this       
miracle drew a  great multitude         
together1 and ,peter took occasion while
 they stood  wondering at the event1 to 
preach ,jesus ,christ to them4 ,the     
consequence was that five thousand more 
believed4    ,this was not done without 
opposition2 the priests and sadducees   
tried  all the methods they could invent
 to prevent them from preaching the     
gospel4 ,the apostles1 however1 asserted
 their divine warrant1 and as  soon as  
they were set at liberty addressed ,god1
 and prayed that a  divine power might  
attend their labours1 which petition was
 heard1 and  their future ministry was  
very successful4 ,on account of their   
necessities who were engaged in this    

good work1 those amongst them who  had  
possessions1 or goods1 sold them1 and   
devoted the money to pious  uses4       
,about this time a man and his wife out 
of great pretensions to piety1  sold an 
estate1 and brought part of the money to
 the apostles1  pretending it to be the 
whole2 for which dissimulation both he  
and his  wife1 were struck dead by the  
hand of ,god4 ,this awful catastrophe   
however was the occasion of many more   
men and women being added to the        
church4 ,the miracles wrought by the    
apostles1 and the success  attending    
their ministry1 stirred up greater envy 
in the priests and  sadducees1 who      
imprisoned them2 from which confinement 
they were soon  liberated by an angel2  
upon which they went immediately as they
 were  commanded and preached in the    
temple3 here they were seized1 and      
brought before the council1 where       
,gamaliel spake in their favour1 and    
they were dismissed4 ,after this they   
continued to prosecute their  work1     

rejoicing that they were counted worthy 
to suffer shame for the  name of        
,christ4    ,by this time the church at 
,jerusalem was so increased that the    
multiplicity of its temporal concerns   
was the occasion of some  neglects1     
which produced a dissatisfaction4 ,the  
apostles1 therefore1  recommended to the
 church to chuse seven pious men1 whose 
office it  should be to attend upon its 
temporal affairs2 that they might give  
themselves to prayer1 and the ministry  
of the word4 ,seven were  accordingly   
chosen1 over whom the apostles prayed1  
and ordained them  to the office of     
,deacons by imposition of hands3 and    
these things  being settled the church  
increased more and more4 ,one of these  
,deacons1 whose name was ,stephen1 being
 a person of eminent knowledge  and     
holiness1 wrought many miracles1 and    
disputed with great evidence  and energy
 for the truth of ,christianity1 which  
raised him up a number  of opponents4   
,these soon procured his death1 and     

carried their  resentment so far as to  
stir up such a persecution that the     
church1  which till now had been        
confined to ,jerusalem1 was dispersed1  
and all  the preachers except the       
apostles were driven thence1 and went   
every  where preaching the word4    ,a  
young man whose name was ,saul1 was very
 active in this  persecution2 he had    
been educated under ,gamaliel1 a member 
of the  ,sanhedrim1 was a person of     
promising genius1 by profession a       
,pharisee1  and much attached to the    
jewish ceremonies4 ,when ,stephen was   
stoned he  appeared much pleased with   
it1 and had the custody of the clothes  
of  his executioners2 and from that time
 was fired with such a spirit of        
persecution himself1 that he went about 
dragging some to prison1 and  compelling
 others to blaspheme the name of the    
,lord ,jesus4 ,neither was  he contented
 with exercising his rage at ,jerusalem1
 but went to the  chief priests and     
obtained testimonials of authority to   

carry on the  same work at ,damascus4   
,but on his way1 as he was almost ready 
to enter  into the city1 the ,lord      
changed his heart in a very wonderful   
manner2  so that instead of entering the
 town to persecute1 he began to preach  
the gospel as soon as he was able4 ,this
 presently brought upon him the  same   
persecution which he had designed to    
exercise upon others1 and  even         
endangered his life1 so that the        
brethren found it necessary to  let him 
down the city wall in a basket by night1
 and so he escaped the  hands of his    
enemies4 ,from thence he went to        
,jerusalem where he  preached the word1 
but being persecuted there1 he went to  
,cesarea1 and  from thence to ,tarsus4  
,in the time of this trouble in the     
church1 ,philip went and preached at    
,samaria with great success1 nay so     
great was the work that an  impostor1   
who had deceived the people with        
legerdemain tricks for a  long time was 
so amazed1 and even convinced1 as to    

profess himself a  ,christian1 and was  
baptized2 but was afterwards detected1  
and appeared  to be an hypocrite4       
,besides him a great number believed in 
reality1  and being baptized a church   
was formed there4 ,soon after this the  
,lord  commanded ,philip to go the way  
which led from ,jerusalem to ,gaza1     
which  he did1 and there found an eunuch
 of great authority in the court of     
,ethiopia1 to whom he preached ,christ1 
who believed1 and was baptized2  after  
which ,philip preached at ,ashdod1 or   
,azotus4    ,about the same time ,peter 
went to ,lydda1 or ,diospolis1 and cured
 ,eneas  of a palsy1 which was a mean of
 the conversion not only of the         
inhabitants of that town1 but also of   
the neighbouring country1 called        
,saron1 the capital of which was        
,lasharon2 and while he was there1 a    
circumstance turned up which tended much
 to the spread of the truth4 ,a  woman  
of ,joppa1 a sea-port town in the       
neighbourhood1 dying1 they sent  to     

,lydda for ,peter1 who went over1 and   
when he had prayed she was  raised to   
life again2 which was an occasion of the
 conversion of many  in that town4      
,peter continued there preaching for    
some time1 and  lodged at the house of a
 tanner4    ,now another circumstance   
also tended to the further propogation  
of  ,christianity1 for a ,roman military
 officer who had some acquaintance  with
 the ,old ,testament ,scriptures1 but   
was not circumcised1 was one  day       
engaged in prayer in his house at       
,cesarea1 when an angel appeared  to    
him1 and bid him send for ,peter from   
,joppa to preach in his house4  ,before 
this the work of ,god had been wholly   
confined to the jews1 and  jewish       
proselytes1 and even the apostles       
appeared to have had very  contracted   
ideas of the ,christian dispensation2   
but now ,god by a  vision discovered to 
,peter that ,christianity was to be     
spread into all  nations4 ,he           
accordingly went and preached at the    

house of ,cornelius1  at ,cesarea1 when 
several were converted1 and baptized1   
and the  foundation of a church laid in 
that city4    ,some of the dispersed    
ministers having fled to ,antioch in    
,syria1 began  to preach to the greeks  
in that city about the same time1 and   
had good  success2 upon which the       
apostles sent ,paul and ,barnabas1 who  
instructed and strengthened them1 and a 
church was formed in that city  also1   
which in a little time sent out several 
eminent preachers4    ,in the ,acts of  
the apostles we have an account of four 
of the  principal journies which ,paul1 
and his companions undertook4 ,the      
first1 in which he was accompanied by   
,barnabas1 is recorded in the  xiii4 and
 xiv4 chapters1 and was the first attack
 on the heathen  world4 ,it was a       
journey into the lesser ,asia4 ,in their
 way they passed  over the island of    
,cyprus4 ,no sooner had they entered on 
their  undertaking1 than they met with  
great difficulty2 for ,mark1 whom they  

had taken as their minister1 deserted   
them1 and returned to ,jerusalem1       
where1 it seems1 he thought he should   
enjoy the greatest quiet4 ,paul  and    
,barnabas however went forward2 in every
 city they preached the  word of the    
,lord1 entering into the jewish         
synagogues and first  preaching ,christ 
to them1 and then to the gentiles4 ,they
 were heard  with great candour and     
eagerness by some1 and rejected by      
others with  obstinacy and wrath1 and   
cruel persecution4 ,one while they had  
enough  to do to restrain the people    
from worshipping them as gods1 and soon 
after1 ,paul was stoned1 dragged out of 
the city1 and left for dead4  ,having   
penetrated as far as ,derbe1 they       
thought proper to return by  the way    
that they came1 calling at every city   
where they had sown the  good seed1 and 
finding in most1 if not all these       
places1 some who had  embraced the      
gospel1 they exhorted and strengthened  
them in the faith1  formed them into a  

church state1 and ordained them elders1 
fasted and  prayed with them2 and so    
having commended them to the ,lord on   
whom  they had believed1 returned to    
,antioch in ,syria1 from whence they    
first set out1 and rehearsed to the     
church all that ,god had done with      
them1 and how he had opened the door of 
faith to the gentiles4    ,about this   
time a dispute arising in the churches  
concerning  circumcision1 ,paul and     
,barnabas were deputed to go up to      
,jerusalem1 to  consult the apostles and
 elders on the subject4 ,this business  
being  adjusted1 they1 accompanied with 
,judas and ,silas1 returned to ,antioch 
with the general resolution1 and        
continued there for a season1  teaching 
and preaching the word of the ,lord4    
,paul now proposed to ,barnabas1 his    
fellow-labourer1 that they might  visit 
their brethren in the places where they 
had been already1 and  see how they did4
 ,to this ,barnabas readily acceded1 but
 a difference  arising between them     

about taking ,john ,mark with them1 who 
had  deserted them before1 these two    
eminent servants of ,god were parted    
asunder1 and never appear to have       
travelled together any more4 ,they      
continued however each to serve in the  
cause of ,christ1 though they  could not
 walk together4 ,barnabas took ,john1   
and sailed to ,cyprus1 his  native      
island1 and ,paul took ,silas1 and went 
through ,syria and ,cilicia  to ,derbe  
and ,lystra1 cities where he and        
,barnabas had preached in  their first  
excursion4    ,here they found ,timothy1
 a promising young man1 whom they       
encouraged  to engage in the ministry4  
,paul being now at ,lystra1 which was   
the boundary of his first  excursion1   
and having visited the churches already 
planted1 and  delivered to them the     
decrees of the apostles and elders      
relating to  circumcision1 seems to have
 felt his heart enlarged1 and assayed to
  carry on the glorious work of         
preaching the gospel to the heathen to a

  greater extent4 ,with ,silas and      
,timotheus he in his second journey#b   
took a western direction1 passing       
through ,phrygia1 and the region of     
,galatia4 ,having preached the word in  
these parts with considerable           
success1#c he and his companions wished 
to have gone into the  proconsular      
,asia1 and afterwards assayed to go into
 ,bythinia2 but  begin forbidden of the 
,holy ,ghost1 who seems to have had a   
special  design of employing them       
elsewhere2 passing by ,mysia they came  
down to  ,troas on the sea-coast4 ,here 
a vision appeared to ,paul1 in which he 
was invited to go over to ,macedonia4   
,obedient to the heavenly vision1  and  
greatly encouraged by it1 they with all 
speed crossed the ,egean  ,sea1 and     
passing through the island of           
,samothracia1 landed at  ,neapolis1 and 
went from thence to ,philippi1 the chief
 city of that  part of ,macedonia4 ,it  
was here that ,paul preached on a       
,sabbath day to  a few women by a river 

side1 and ,lydia1 a woman of ,thyatira1 
was  converted and baptized1 and her    
household with her4 ,it was here that a 
poor girl1 who brought her employers    
considerable profit by  foretelling     
events1 followed the apostles1 had her  
spirit of  divination ejected1 on which 
account her masters were much irritated1
  and raised a tumult1 the effect of    
which was1 that ,paul and ,silas were   
imprisoned4 ,but even this was          
over-ruled for the success of the       
gospel1 in that the keeper of the       
prison1 and all his house1 were  thereby
 brought to believe in the ,lord ,jesus 
,christ1 and were  baptized4            
,footnote #b3 ,the account of this      
second journey into the heathen world   
begins at ,acts xv4 #dj4 and ends chap4 
xviii4 #bb4    ,footnote #c3 ,see ch4   
xviii4 #bc4 and ,gal i4 #b4    ,from    
,philippi they passed thorough          
,amphipolis1 ,apollonia1  ,thessalonica1
 7now ,salonichi17 ,berea1 ,athens1 and 
,corinth1 preaching  the gospel wherever

 they went4 ,from hence ,paul took ship 
and sailed to  ,syria1 only giving a    
short call at ,ephesus1 determining to  
be at  ,jerusalem at the feast of the   
passover2 and having saluted the church1
  he came to ,cesarea1 and from thence  
to ,antioch4    ,here ended ,paul's     
second journey1 which was very          
extensive1 and took  up some years of   
his time4 ,he and his companions met    
with their  difficulties in it1 but had 
likewise their encouragements4 ,they    
were  persecuted at ,philippi1 as       
already noticed1 and generally found the
  ,jews to be their most inveterate     
enemies4 ,these would raise tumults1    
inflame the minds of the gentiles       
against them1 and follow them from      
place to place1 doing them all the      
mischief in their power4 ,this was  the 
case especially at ,thessalonica1       
,berea1 and ,corinth4 ,but amidst  all  
their persecutions ,god was with them1  
and strengthened them in  various ways4 
,at ,berea they were candidly received1 

and their doctrine  fairly tried by the 
,holy ,scriptures2 and therefore1 it is 
said1  many of them believed4 ,at other 
places1 though they affected to  despise
 the apostle1 yet some clave unto him4  
,at ,corinth opposition  rose to a great
 height2 but the ,lord appeared to his  
servant in a  vision1 saying1 ,be not   
afraid1 but speak1 and hold not thy     
peace1 for  ,i am with thee1 and no man 
shall set on thee to hurt thee2 for ,i  
have  much people in this city4 ,and the
 promise was abundantly made good in    
the spirit discovered by ,gallio1 the   
proconsul1 who turned a deaf ear  to the
 accusations of the jews1 and nobly     
declined interfering in  matters beside 
his province4 ,upon the whole a number  
of churches were  planted during this   
journey1 which for ages after shone as  
lights in  the world4    ,when ,paul had
 visited ,antioch1 and spent some time  
there1 he prepared  for a third journey 
into heathen countries1 the account of  
which  begins ,acts xviii4 #bc4 and ends

 chap4 xxi4 #ag4 ,at his first setting  
out he went over the whole country of   
,galatia and ,phrygia in order1         
strengthening all the disciples2 and    
passing through the upper coasts  came  
to ,ephesus4 ,there for the space of    
three months1 he boldly  preached in the
 jewish synagogue1 disputing1 and       
persuading the things  concerning the   
kingdom of ,god4 ,but when the hardened 
jews had openly  rejected the gospel1   
and spake evil of that way before the   
multitude1  ,paul openly separated the  
disciples from them1 and assembled in   
the  school of one ,tyrannus4 ,this1 it 
is said1 continued for the space of  two
 years1 so that all they who dwelt in   
the proconsular ,asia heard  the word of
 the ,lord ,jesus1 both jews and greeks4
 ,certain magicians1  about this time   
were exposed1 and others converted1 who 
burnt their  books1 and confessed their 
deeds4 ,so mightily grew the word of the
  ,lord1 and prevailed4    ,after this  
an uproar being raised by ,demetrius1   

the silversmith1 ,paul  went into       
,macedonia1 visited the churches planted
 in his former  journey1 and from thence
 passed into ,greece4 ,having preached  
up and  down for three months1 he       
thought of sailing from thence directly 
to  ,syria2 but in order to avoid the   
jews1 who laid wait for him near the    
sea coast1 he took another course       
through ,macedonia1 and from thence  to 
,troas1 by the way of ,philippi4 ,there 
is no mention made in his  former       
journey of his having preached at       
,troas2 yet it seems he did1  and a     
church was gathered1 with whom the      
apostle at this time united  in breaking
 of bread4 ,it was here that he preached
 all night1 and  raised ,eutychus1 who  
being overcome with sleep1 had fallen   
down1 and  was taken up dead4 ,from     
hence they set sail for ,syria1 and in  
their  way called at ,miletus1 where    
,paul sent for the elders of the church 
of  ,ephesus1 and delivered that most   
solemn and affectionate farewell1       

recorded in the #bjth chapter of the    
,acts of the ,apostles4 ,from hence     
they sailed for ,tyre1 where they       
tarried seven days1 and from thence     
proceeded to ,jerusalem4    ,paul's     
fourth and last journey 7or rather      
voyage7 was to ,rome1 where  he went in 
the character of a prisoner4 ,for being 
at ,jerusalem he was  quickly           
apprehended by the jews2 but being      
rescued by ,lysias1 the  chief captain1 
he was sent to ,cesarea to take his     
trial4 ,here he made  his defence before
 ,felix and ,drusilla1 in such sort that
 the judge1  instead of the prisoner1   
was made to tremble4  ,here also he made
 his  defence before ,festus1 ,agrippa1 
and ,bernice1 with such force of        
evidence that ,agrippa was almost       
persuaded to be a ,christian4 ,but the  
malice of the jews being insatiable1 and
 ,paul finding himself in  danger of    
being delivered into their hands1 was   
constrained to appeal  unto ,caesar4    
,this was the occasion of his being sent

 to ,rome1 where he  arrived after a    
long and dangerous voyage1 and being    
shipwrecked on  the island of ,melita1  
where he wrought miracles1 and ,publius1
 the  governor1 was converted4    ,when 
he arrived at ,rome he addressed his    
countrymen the jews1 some of  whom      
believed2 but when others rejected the  
gospel1 he turned from  them to the     
gentiles1 and for two whole years dwelt 
in his own hired  house preaching the   
kingdom of ,god1 and teaching those     
things which  concern the ,lord ,jesus  
,christ1 with all confidence1 no man    
forbidding  him4    ,thus far the       
history of the ,acts of the ,apostles   
informs us of the  success of the word  
in the primitive times2 and history     
informs us of  its being preached about 
this time1 in many other places4 ,peter 
speaks  of a church at ,babylon2 ,paul  
proposed a journey to ,spain1 and it is 
generally believed he went there1 and   
likewise came to ,france and  ,britain4 
,andrew preached to the ,scythians1     

north of the ,black ,sea4  ,john is said
 to have preached in ,india1 and we know
 that he was at the  ,isle of ,patmos1  
in the ,archipelago4 ,philip is reported
 to have  preached in upper ,asia1      
,scythia1 and ,phrygia2 ,bartholomew in 
,india1 on  this side the ,ganges1      
,phrygia1 and ,armenia2 ,matthew in     
,arabia1 or  ,asiatic ,ethiopia1 and    
,parthia2 ,thomas in ,india1 as far as  
the coast of  ,coromandel1 and some say 
in the island of ,ceylon2 ,simon1 the   
,canaanite1 in ,egypt1 ,cyrene1         
,mauritania1 ,lybia1 and other parts of 
,africa1 and from thence to have come to
 ,britain2 and ,jude is said to  have   
been principally engaged in the lesser  
,asia1 and ,greece4 ,their  labours were
 evidently very extensive1 and very     
successful2 so that  ,pliny1 the        
younger1 who lived soon after the death 
of the apostles1 in  a letter to the    
emperor1 ,trajan1 observed that         
,christianity had  spread1 not only     
through towns and cities1 but also      

through whole  countries4 ,indeed before
 this1 in the time of ,nero1 it was so  
prevalent that it was thought necessary 
to oppose it by an ,imperial  ,edict1   
and accordingly the proconsuls1 and     
other governors1 were  commissioned to  
destroy it4    ,justin ,martyr1 who     
lived about the middle of the second    
century1 in  his dialogue with ,trypho1 
observed that there was no part of      
mankind1  whether greeks or barbarians1 
or any others1 by what name soever they 
were called1 whether the ,sarmatians1 or
 the ,nomades1 who had no  houses1 or   
the ,scenites of ,arabia ,petrea1 who   
lived in tents among  their cattle1     
where supplications and thanksgivings   
are not offered up  to the ,father1 and 
maker of all things1 through the name of
 ,jesus  ,christ4 ,irenaeus1 who lived  
about the year #agj1 speaks of churches 
that were founded in ,germany1 ,spain1  
,france1 the eastern countries1  ,egypt1
 ,lybia1 and the middle of the world4   
,tertullian1 who lived and  wrote at    

,carthage in ,africa1 about twenty years
 afterwards1  enumerating the countries 
where ,christianity had penetrated1     
makes  mention of the ,parthians1       
,medes1 ,elamites1 ,mesopotamians1      
,armenians1  ,phrygians1 ,cappadocians1 
the inhabitants of ,pontus1 ,asia1      
,pamphylia1  ,egypt1 and the regions of 
,africa beyond ,cyrene1 the ,romans1 and
 ,jews1  formerly of ,jerusalem1 many of
 the ,getuli1 many borders of the       
,mauri1  or ,moors1 in ,mauritania2 now 
,barbary1 ,morocco1 c4 all the borders  
of  ,spain1 many nations of the ,gauls1 
and the places in ,britain which were   
inaccessible to the ,romans2 the        
,dacians1 ,sarmatians1 ,germans1        
,scythians1 and the inhabitants of many 
hidden nations and provinces1  and of   
many islands unknown to him1 and which  
he could not enumerate4  ,the labours of
 the ministers of the gospel1 in this   
early period1 were  so remarkably       
blessed of ,god1 that the last mentioned
 writer observed1  in a letter to       

,scapula1 that if he began a persecution
 the city of  ,carthage itself must be  
decimated thereby4 ,yea1 and so abundant
 were  they in the three first          
centuries1 that ten years constant and  
almost  universal persecution under     
,dioclesian1 could neither root out the 
,christians1 nor prejudice their cause4 
,after this they had great encouragement
 under several emperors1  particularly  
,constantine and ,theodosius1 and a very
 great work of ,god  was carried on2 but
 the ease and affluence which in these  
times  attended the church1 served to   
introduce a flood of corruption1 which  
by degrees brought on the whole system  
of popery1 by means of which  all       
appeared to be lost again2 and ,satan   
set up his kingdom of  darkness1 deceit1
 and human authority over conscience1   
through all the  ,christian world4      
,in the time of ,constantine1 one       
,frumentius was sent to preach to the   
,indians1 and met with great success4 ,a
 young woman who was a  ,christian1     

being taken captive by the ,iberians1 or
 ,georgians1 near the  ,caspian ,sea1   
informed them of the truths of          
,christianity1 and was so  much regarded
 that they sent to ,constantine for     
ministers to come and  preach the word  
to them4 ,about the same time some      
barbarous nations  having made          
irruptions into ,thrace1 carried away   
several ,christians  captive1 who       
preached the gospel2 by which means the 
inhabitants upon  the ,rhine1 and the   
,danube1 the ,celtae1 and some other    
parts of ,gaul1  were brought to embrace
 ,christianity4 ,about this time also   
,james of  ,nisbia1 went into ,persia to
 strengthen the ,christians1 and preach 
to  the heathens2 and his success was so
 great that ,adiabene was almost        
entirely ,christian4 ,about the year    
#cgb1 one ,moses1 a ,monk1 went to      
preach to the ,saracens1 who then lived 
in ,arabia1 where he had great  success2
 and at this time the ,goths1 and other 
northern nations1 had  the kingdom of   

,christ further extended amongst them1  
but which was  very soon corrupted with 
,arianism4    ,soon after this the      
kingdom of ,christ was further extended 
among the  ,scythian ,nomades1 beyond   
the ,danube1 and about the year #dcj1 a 
people  called the ,burgundians1        
received the gospel4 ,four years after1 
that  ,palladius was sent to preach in  
,scotland1 and the next year ,patrick   
was sent from ,scotland to preach to the
 ,irish who before his time were        
totally uncivilized1 and1 some say1     
cannibals2 he however1 was useful1  and 
laid the foundations of several churches
 in ,ireland4 ,presently  after this1   
truth spread further among the          
,saracens1 and in #ebb1  ,zathus1 king  
of the ,colchians encouraged it1 and    
many of that nation  were converted to  
,christianity4 ,about this time also the
 work was  extended in ,ireland1 by     
,finian1 and in ,scotland by            
,constantine and  ,columba2 the latter  
of whom preached also to the ,picts1 and

 ,brudaeus1  their king1 with several   
others1 were converted4 ,about #eda1    
,adad1 the  king of ,ethiopia1 was      
converted by the preaching of           
,mansionarius2 the  ,heruli beyond the  
,danube1 were now made obedient to the  
faith1 and the  ,abasgi1 near the       
,caucasian ,mountains4    ,but now      
popery1 especially the compulsive part  
of it1 was risen to  such an height1    
that the usual method of propagating the
 gospel1 or  rather what was so called1 
was to conquer pagan nations by force of
  arms1 and then oblige them to submit  
to ,christianity1 after which           
bishopricks were erected1 and persons   
then sent to instruct the  people4 ,i   
shall just mention some of those who are
 said to have  laboured thus4    ,in    
#eif1 ,austin1 the monk1 ,melitus1      
,justus1 ,paulinus1 and ,russinian1     
laboured in ,england1 and in their way  
were very successful4 ,paulinus1  who   
appears to have been one of the best of 
them1 had great success in              

,northumberland2 ,birinnius preached to 
the ,west ,saxons1 and ,felix to  the   
,east ,angles4 ,in #ehi1 ,amandus       
,gallus laboured in ,ghent1 ,chelenus in
  ,artois1 and ,gallus and ,columbanus  
in ,suabia4 ,in #fdh1 ,egidius ,gallus  
in  ,flanders1 and the two ,evaldi1 in  
,westphalia4 ,in #fhd1 ,willifred1 in   
the  ,isle of ,wight4 ,in #fhh1         
,chilianus1 in upper ,franconia4 ,in    
#fih1  ,boniface1 or ,winifred1 among   
the ,thuringians1 near ,erford1 in      
,saxony1  and ,willibroad in            
,west-,friesland4 ,charlemagne conquered
 ,hungary in the  year #hjj1 and obliged
 the inhabitants to profess             
,christianity1 when  ,modestus likewise 
preached to the ,venedi1 at the source  
of the ,save  and ,drave4 ,in #hcc1     
,ansgarius preached in ,denmark1        
,gaudibert in ,sweden1  and about #hfa1 
,methodius and ,cyril1 in ,bohemia4     
,about the year #ejj1 the ,scythians    
over-run ,bulgaria1 and ,christianity   
was extirpated2 but about #hgj they were

 re-converted4 ,poland began to  be     
brought over about the same time1 and   
afterwards1 about #ifj or #iij1  the    
work was further extended amongst the   
,poles and ,prussians4 ,the  work was   
begun in ,norway in #ifj1 and in        
,muscovy in #ihi1 the ,swedes           
propagated ,christianity in ,finland1 in
 #aafh1 ,lithuania became  ,christian in
 #achf1 and ,samogitia in #adci4 ,the   
,spaniards forced popery  upon the      
inhabitants of ,south-,america1 and the 
,portuguese in ,asia4  ,the ,jesuits    
were sent into ,china in #aeeb4 ,xavier1
 whom they call the  apostle of the     
,indians1 laboured in the ,east-,indies 
and ,japan1 from  #aeda to #aeeb1 and   
several millions of ,capauchins were    
sent to ,africa  in the seventeenth     
century4 ,but blind zeal1 gross         
superstition1 and  infamous cruelties1  
so marked the appearances of religion   
all this  time1 that the professors of  
,christianity needed conversion1 as much
  as the heathen world4    ,a few pious 

people had fled from the general        
corruption1 and lived  obscurely in the 
vallies of ,piedmont and ,savoy1 who    
were like the seed  of the church4 ,some
 of them were now and then necessitated 
to travel  into other parts1 where they 
faithfully testified against the        
corruptions of the times4 ,about #acfi  
,wickliffe began to preach the  faith in
 ,england1 and his preaching and        
writings were the means of the          
conversion of great numbers1 many of    
whom became excellent preachers2  and a 
work was begun which afterwards spread  
in ,england1 ,hungary1  ,bohemia1       
,germany1 ,switzerland1 and many other  
places4 ,john ,huss and  ,jerom of      
,prague1 preached boldly and            
successfully in ,bohemia1 and the       
adjacent parts4 ,in the following       
century ,luther1 ,calvin1 ,melancton1   
,bucer1 ,martyr1 and many others1 stood 
up against all the rest of the  world2  
they preached1 and prayed1 and wrote2   
and nations agreed one  after another to

 cast off the yoke of popery1 and to    
embrace the  doctrine of the gospel4    
,in ,england1 episcopal tyranny         
succeeded to popish cruelty1 which1 in  
the year #afbj1 obliged many pious      
people to leave their native land  and  
settle in ,america2 these were followed 
by others in #afbi1 who laid  the       
foundations of several gospel churches1 
which have increased  amazingly since   
that time1 and the ,redeemer has fixed  
his throne in  that country1 where but a
 little time ago1 ,satan had universal  
dominion4    ,in #afcb1 ,mr4 ,elliot1 of
 ,new-,england1 a very pious and zealous
  minister1 began to preach to the      
,indians1 among whom he had great       
success2 several churches of ,indians   
were planted1 and some preachers  and   
school-masters raised up amongst them2  
since which time others  have laboured  
amongst them with some good             
encouragement4 ,about the  year #agdc1  
,mr4 ,david ,brainerd was sent a        
missionary to some more  ,indians1 where

 he preached1 and prayed1 and after some
 time an  extraordinary work of         
conversion was wrought1 and wonderful   
success  attended his ministry4 ,and at 
this present time1 ,mr4 ,kirkland and   
,mr4  ,sergeant are employed in the same
 good work1 and ,god has considerably   
blessed their labours4    ,in #agjf1 the
 king of ,denmark sent a ,mr4           
,ziegenbalg1 and some others1  to       
,tranquebar1 on the ,coromandel coast in
 the ,east-,indies1 who were  useful to 
the natives1 so that many of the        
heathens were turned to the  ,lord4 ,the
 ,dutch ,east-,india ,company likewise  
having extended their  commerce1 built  
the city of ,batavia1 and a church was  
opened there2  and the ,lord's ,supper  
was administered for the first time1 on 
the #c;d  of ,january1 #afba1 by their  
minister ,james ,hulzibos1 from hence   
some  ministers were sent to ,amboyna1  
who were very successful4 ,a seminary   
of learning was erected at ,leyden1 in  
which ministers and assistants  were    

educated1 under the renowned ,walaeus1  
and some years a great  number were sent
 to the ,east1 at the ,company's        
expence1 so that in a  little time many 
thousands at ,formosa1 ,malabar1        
,ternate1  ,jaffanapatnam1 in the town  
of ,columba1 at ,amboyna1 ,java1 ,banda1
  ,macassar1 and ,malabar1 embraced the 
religion of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ4   
,the work has decayed in some places1   
but they now have churches in  ,ceylon1 
,sumatra1 ,java1 ,amboyna1 and some     
other of the spice islands1  and at the 
,cape of ,good ,hope1 in ,africa4       
,but none of the moderns have equalled  
the ,moravian ,brethren in this  good   
work2 they have sent missions to        
,greenland1 ,labrador1 and several  of  
the ,west-,indian ,islands1 which have  
been blessed for good4 ,they  have      
likewise sent to ,abyssinia1 in ,africa1
 but what success they have  had ,i     
cannot tell4    ,the late ,mr4 ,wesley  
lately made an effort in the            
,west-,indies1 and some  of their       

ministers are now labouring amongst the 
,caribbs and ,negroes1  and ,i have seen
 pleasing accounts of their success4    
,,sect4 ,,iii4             ,containing a
 ,survey of the present ,state of the   
,world4      ,in this survey ,i shall   
consider the world as divided1 according
 to its  usual division1 into four      
parts1 ,,europe1 ,,asia1 ,,africa1 and  
,,america1 and take notice of the extent
 of the several countries1  their       
population1 civilization1 and religion4 
,the article of religion  ,i shall      
divide into ,christian1 ,jewish1        
,mahometan1 and ,pagan2 and shall  now  
and then hint at the particular sect of 
them that prevails in the  places which 
,i shall describe4 ,the following       
,tables will exhibit a  more            
comprehensive view of what ,i propose1  
than any thing ,i can offer  on the     
subject4                                
,,europe4                               
,,extent4  ,countries4           ,length
 ,breadth  ,number of         ,religion4

                       ,miles4  ,miles4 
,inhabitants4    ,great-,britain        
#fhj    #cjj   #ab1jjj1jjj              
,protestants1 of many                   
denominations4  ,ireland                
#bhe    #afj    #b1jjj1jjj              
,protestants and                        
,papists4  ,france                 #fjj 
#ejj   #bd1jjj1jjj   ,catholics1        
,deists1                                
and ,protestants4  ,spain               
#gjj    #ejj    #i1ejj1jjj   ,papists4  
,,sweden including       #hjj    #ejj   
#c1ejj1jjj   ,the ,swedes are serious   
,sweden proper1                         
,lutherans1 but most    ,gothland1      
,shonen1                                
of the ,laplanders    ,lapland1         
,bothnia1                               
are ,pagans1 and very    and ,finland   
superstitious4  ,isle of ,gothland      
#hj     #bc        #e1jjj  ---- ,oesel  
#de     #bd        #b1ejj  ---- ,oeland 
#hd      #i        #a1jjj  ---- ,dago   
#bf     #bc        #a1jjj  ---- ,aland  

#bd     #bj          #hjj  ---- ,hogland
             #i      #e          #ajj   
,denmark                #bdj    #aad    
#cfj1jjj   ,lutherans of the            
,helvetic ,confession4  ,isle of        
,zeeland         #fj     #fj            
#bhd1jjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,funen         
#ch     #cb      #add1jjj   ,ditto4     
---- ,arroe               #h      #b    
#bjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,iceland           
#dce    #ahe       #fj1jjj   ,ditto4    
---- ,langeland          #bg     #ab    
#c1jjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,laland          
#ch     #cj      #adh1jjj   ,ditto4     
---- ,falster            #bg     #ab    
#c1jjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,mona            
#ad      #e          #fjj   ,ditto4     
---- ,alsen              #ae      #f    
#fjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,femeren           
#ac      #h        #a1jjj   ,ditto4     
,isle of ,bornholm        #bj     #ab   
#b1jjj   ,lutherans4  ,greenland        
,undiscovered       #g1jjj   ,pagans1   
and ,moravian                           
,christians4  ,norway                   

#gej    #agj      #gbd1jjj   ,lutherans4
  #bd ,faro ,isles                      
#d1ejj   ,ditto4  ,danish ,lapland      
#bhe    #agb      #ajj1jjj   ,ditto1 and
 ,pagans4  ,poland                 #gjj 
#fhj    #i1jjj1jjj   ,papists1          
,lutherans1                             
,calvinists1  ,jews4  ,prussia#d        
#djj    #afj    #b1ejj1jjj              
,calvinists1 ,catholics1                
,lutherans4  ,sardinia                  
#ace     #eg      #fjj1jjj   ,papists4  
,sicily                 #ahj     #ib    
#a1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4  ,italy            
#ffj    #abj   #bj1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4    
,united ,netherlands     #aej    #aej   
#b1jjj1jjj   ,protestants of several    
denominations4  ,austrian ,netherlands  
#bjj    #bjj    #b1ejj1jjj   ,papists   
and ,protestants4  ,switzerland         
#bjj    #ajj    #b1hhj1jjj   ,papists   
and ,protestants4  ,the ,grisons        
#ajj     #fb      #hjj1jjj   ,lutherans 
and ,papists4  ,the ,abbacy of ,st4     
,gall  #bd     #aj       #ej1jjj        

,ditto4  ,neufchatel              #cb   
#bj      #ajj1jjj   ,calvinists4        
,valais                  #hj     #cj    
#ddj1jjj   ,papists4  ,piedmont         
#adj     #ih      #ijj1jjj   ,ditto1 and
 ,protestants4  ,savoy                  
#hg     #fj      #gbj1jjj   ,ditto4     
,geneva1 ,city                          
#bd1jjj   ,calvinists4  ,bohemia        
#dgh    #cbb    #b1ajj1jjj   ,papists   
and ,moravians4  ,hungary               
#cjj    #bjj    #b1ejj1jjj   ,papists4  
,germany                #fjj    #ejj    
#bj1jjj1jjj   ,ditto1 and ,protestants4 
,russia in ,europe      #aejj   #aajj   
#bb1jjj1jjj   ,greek ,church4  ,turkey  
in ,europe      #ajjj    #ijj           
#ah1jjj1jjj   ,greek ,christians1 ,jews1
                                        
,mahometans4  ,budziac ,tartary         
#cjj     #fj    #a1bjj1jjj   ,greek     
,christians1 ,jews1                     
,mahometans  ,lesser ,tartary           
#cij     #fe    #a1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4    
,crim ,tartary           #ade     #hj   

#ejj1jjj   ,ditto4  ,isle of ,tenedos   
#e      #c          #bjj   ,mahometans4 
---- ,negropont          #ij     #be    
#be1jjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,lemnos         
#be     #be        #d1jjj   ,ditto4     
---- ,paros            #cf in compass4  
#d1ejj   ,greek ,christians4  ----      
,lesbos1    or ,miylene         #afj in 
compass4    #cj1jjj   ,mahometans and   
,greeks4  ---- ,naxia           #ajj in 
compass4     #h1jjj   ,greeks and       
,papists4  ---- ,scio1 or ,chios  #aab  
in compass4             ,greek          
,christians1                            
,papists1  ,mahomet4  ---- ,nio         
#dj in compass4     #a1jjj   ,ditto4    
---- ,scyros           #fj in compass4  
#a1jjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,mycone          
#cf in compass4     #c1jjj   ,ditto4    
---- ,samos              #cj     #ae    
#ab1jjj   ,mahometans4  ---- ,nicaria   
#gj in compass4     #c1jjj   ,greek     
,christians  ---- ,andros          #abj 
in compass4     #d1jjj   ,ditto4  ----  
,cyclades1                              

#gjj   ,ditto4    ,delos the ,chief4    
---- ,zia              #dj in compass4  
#h1jjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,cerigo or       
#ej in compass4     #a1jjj   ,ditto4    
,cytheraea  ---- ,santorin         #cf  
in compass4    #aj1jjj   ,ditto1 and    
,papists4  ---- ,policandra        #h in
 compass4       #djj   ,ditto4  ----    
,patmos           #ah in compass4       
#fjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,sephanto          
#cf in compass4     #e1jjj   ,greeks4   
---- ,claros           #dj in compass4  
#a1gjj   ,mahometans4  ---- ,amorgo     
#cf in compass4     #d1jjj   ,greek     
,christians4  ---- ,leros            #ah
 in compass4       #hjj   ,christians   
and                                     
,mahometans4  ---- ,therima          #dj
 in compass4     #f1jjj   ,greek        
,christians4  ---- ,stampalia        #ej
 in compass4   #c1jjj     ,ditto4  ---- 
,salamis          #ej in compass4       
#a1jjj     ,ditto4  ---- ,scarpanta     
#bj in compass4   #b1jjj     ,ditto4    
---- ,cephalonia      #acj in compass4  

#ej1jjj     ,ditto4  ---- ,zant         
#ej in compass4  #cj1jjj     ,greek     
,christians4  ---- ,milo             #fj
 in compass4  #dj1jjj     ,ditto4  ---- 
,corfu           #abj in compass4       
#fj1jjj     ,ditto4  ---- ,candia1 or   
,crete  #bjj     #fj    #djj1jjj        
,ditto1 and ,mahometans4  ---- ,coos1   
#gj in compass4  #ab1hjj     ,mahometans
 and    or ,stanchia                    
,christians4  ---- ,rhodes              
#fj     #be    #abj1jjj     ,ditto4     
---- ,cyprus            #aej     #gj    
#cjj1jjj     ,mahometans4    ,footnote  
#d3 ,the rest of ,prussian dominions    
being scattered about  in several       
countries1 are counted to those         
countries where they lie4               
,,asia4                                 
,,extent4  ,countries4           ,length
 ,breadth  ,number of         ,religion4
                       ,miles4  ,miles4 
,inhabitants4    ,,turkey ,,in ,,asia   
#ajjj    #hjj   #bj1jjj1jjj             
,mahometanism is most    contains       

,anatolia1                              
prevalent1 but there    ,syria1         
,palestine1                             
are many ,greek1 ,latin1    ,diabekr1   
,tutcomania                             
,eutychian1 and    and ,georgia         
,armenian ,christians4  ,arabia         
#acjj   #abjj    #af1jjj1jjj            
,mahometans4  ,persia                   
#abhj   #aadj    #bj1jjj1jjj  ,ditto1 of
 the ,sect                              
of ,ali4  ,great ,tartary         #djjj 
#abjj    #dj1jjj1jjj  ,mahometans and   
,pagans4  ,siberia               #bhjj  
#ifj     #g1ejj1jjj  ,greek ,christians 
and ,pagans4  ,samojedia                
#bjjj    #cgj     #a1ijj1jjj  ,pagans4  
,kamtschatcha           #edj    #bcf    
#ijj1jjj  ,ditto4  ,nova ,zembla        
,undiscovered4thinly inhabit4,ditto4    
,china                 #adjj   #abfj    
#fj1jjj1jjj  ,ditto4  ,,japan contains  
#ijj    #cfj    #aj1jjj1jjj  ,ditto4    
,niphon ,isl4  ,isle of ,ximo           
#baj    #bjj     #c1jjj1jjj  ,pagans4   

---- ,xicoco            #aag    #ajd    
#a1hjj1jjj  ,ditto4  ---- ,tsussima     
#ci     #cd        #dj1jjj  ,ditto4     
---- ,iki                #bj     #ag    
#f1jjj  ,ditto4  ---- ,kubitessima      
#cj     #bf         #h1jjj  ,ditto4     
---- ,matounsa           #ed     #bf    
#ej1jjj  ,ditto4  ---- ,fastistia       
#cf     #cd        #cj1jjj  ,ditto4     
---- ,firando            #cj     #bh    
#aj1jjj  ,ditto4  ---- ,amacusa         
#bg     #bd         #f1jjj  ,ditto4     
---- ,awasi              #cj     #ah    
#e1jjj  ,ditto4  ,india                 
#bjjj   #ajjj    #ej1jjj1jjj            
,mahometans and ,pagans4    beyond the  
,ganges  ,indostan              #bjjj   
#aejj   #aaj1jjj1jjj  ,ditto4  ,tibet   
#abjj    #dhj    #aj1jjj1jjj  ,pagans4  
,isle of ,ceylon         #bej    #bjj   
#b1jjj1jjj  ,pagans1 except the         
,dutch ,christians4  ---- ,maldives     
#ajjj in number4     #ajj1jjj           
,mahometans4  ---- ,sumatra             
#ajjj    #ajj     #b1ajj1jjj  ,ditto1   

and ,pagans4  ---- ,java                
#ehj    #ajj     #b1gjj1jjj  ,ditto4    
---- ,timor            #bdjj     #ed    
#cjj1jjj  ,ditto1 and a                 
few ,christians4  ---- ,borneo          
#hjj    #gjj     #h1jjj1jjj  ,ditto4    
---- ,celebes           #eaj    #bdj    
#b1jjj1jjj  ,ditto4  ---- ,boutam       
#ge     #cj        #hj1jjj  ,mahometans4
  ---- ,carpentyn          #cj      #c  
#b1jjj  ,christian ,protestants4  ----  
,ourature           #ah      #f         
#c1jjj  ,pagans4  ---- ,pullo ,lout     
#fj     #cf        #aj1jjj  ,ditto4     
,besides the little ,islands of ,manaar1
 ,aripen1 ,caradivia1 ,pengandiva1      
,analativa1 ,nainandiva1 and            
,nindundiva1 which are inhabited by     
,christian ,protestants4    ,and ,banca1
 ,madura1 ,bally1 ,lambeck1 ,flores1    
,solor1 ,leolana1 ,panterra1  ,miscomby1
 and several others1 inhabited by       
,pagans and ,mahometans4    ,the        
,,moluccas are1  ---- ,banda            
#bj     #aj         #f1jjj  ,pagans and 

,mahometans4  ---- ,buro                
#be     #aj         #g1jjj  ,ditto4     
---- ,amboyna            #be     #aj    
#g1ejj  ,christians2--the ,dutch        
have #be ,ch4  ---- ,ceram              
#baj     #de       #bej1jjj  ,pagans and
 ,mahometans4  ---- ,gillola            
#aij    #aaj       #fej1jjj  ,ditto4    
,and ,pully-way1 ,pullo-rin1 ,nera1     
,guamanapi1 ,guilliaien1 ,ternate1      
,motir1  ,machian1 and ,bachian1 which  
are inhabited by ,pagans and            
,mahometans4    ,the ,,philippine       
,,islands are supposed to be about      
#aa1jjj2--some of the  chief are1       
,isle of ,mindanao        #fj     #dj   
#ah1jjj  ,pagans and ,mahometans4  ---- 
,bahol              #bd     #ab         
#f1jjj  ,ditto4  ---- ,layta            
#dh     #bg        #aj1jjj  ,ditto4     
---- ,parragon          #bdj     #fj    
#ajj1jjj  ,ditto4  ,the ,,calamines are 
,sebu  #fj     #bd        #aj1jjj       
,papists4  ---- ,mindora            #fj 
#cf        #ab1jjj  ,pagans and         

,mahometans4  ---- ,philippina          
#ahe    #abj       #ajd1jjj  ,ditto4    
---- ,negroes ,isle      #aej     #fj   
#hj1jjj  ,papists4  ---- ,manilla       
#ca1jjj  ,ditto1 and ,pagans4    ,the   
,ladrone ,islands are inhabited by most 
uncivilized ,pagans4    ,new ,holland   
#bejj   #bjjj    #ab1jjj1jjj            
,pagans2--#a or #b                      
,ministers are there4  ,new ,zealand#e  
#ifj    #ahj     #a1abj1jjj  ,ditto4    
,new ,guinea            #ajjj    #cfj   
#a1ijj1jjj  ,ditto4  ,new ,britain      
#ahj    #abj       #ijj1jjj  ,ditto4    
,new ,ireland            #ahj     #fj   
#gjj1jjj  ,ditto4  ,onrong ,java        
,a ,cluster of ,isles4                  
,ditto4  ,new ,caledonia          #bfj  
#cj       #agj1jjj  ,ditto4  ,new       
,hebrides                               
,ditto4  ,friendly ,isles        #bj in 
number4              ,ditto4  ,sandwich 
,isles         #g in number4            
#djj1jjj  ,ditto4  ,society ,isles      
#f in number4     #hjj1jjj  ,ditto4     

,kurile ,isles          #de in number4  
#ej1jjj  ,ditto4  ,pelew ,isles         
,pagans4  ,oonalashka ,isle         #dj 
#bj         #c1jjj  ,ditto4  ,the other 
,south-,sea ,islands4                   
,ditto4    ,footnote #e3 ,two ,islands4 
,,africa4                               
,,extent4  ,countries4           ,length
 ,breadth  ,number of         ,religion4
                       ,miles4  ,miles4 
,inhabitants4    ,egypt                 
#fjj    #bej    #b1bjj1jjj   ,mahometans
 and ,jews4  ,nubia                     
#idj    #fjj    #c1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4    
,barbary               #ahjj    #ejj    
#c1ejj1jjj   ,mahometans1 ,jews1        
and ,christians4  ,biledulgerid         
#bejj    #cej    #c1ejj1jjj             
,mahometans1 ,christians1               
and ,jews4  ,zaara1 or the ,desart      
#cdjj    #ffj      #hjj1jjj   ,ditto4   
,abyssinia              #ijj    #hjj    
#e1hjj1jjj   ,armenian ,christians4     
,abex                   #edj    #acj    
#a1fjj1jjj   ,christians and ,pagans4   

,negroland             #bbjj    #hdj    
#ah1jjj1jjj   ,pagans4  ,loango         
#daj    #cjj    #a1ejj1jjj   ,ditto4    
,congo                  #edj    #bbj    
#b1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4  ,angola           
#cfj    #bej    #a1djj1jjj   ,ditto4    
,benguela               #dcj    #ahj    
#a1fjj1jjj   ,ditto4  ,mataman          
#dej    #bdj    #a1ejj1jjj   ,ditto4    
,ajan                   #ijj    #cjj    
#b1ejj1jjj   ,ditto4  ,zanguebar        
#adjj    #cej    #c1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4   
,monoemugi              #ijj    #ffj    
#b1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4  ,sofala           
#dhj    #cjj    #a1jjj1jjj   ,pagans4   
,terra de ,natal         #fjj    #cej   
#b1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4  ,caffraria1 or the
      #gjh    #ffj    #b1jjj1jjj        
,ditto1 and a few    ,hottentots        
,country                                
,christians at the ,cape4  ,isle of     
,madagascar    #ajjj    #bbj            
#b1jjj1jjj   ,pagans and ,mahometans4   
---- ,st4 ,mary           #ed      #i   
#e1jjj   ,french ,papists4  ----        

,mascarin           #ci     #cj         
#ag1jjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,st4 ,helena    
#ba in compass4     #a1jjj   ,english   
and ,french                             
,christians4  ---- ,annabon             
#af     #ad        #d1jjj   ,portuguese 
,papists4  ---- ,st4 ,thomas         #be
     #bc        #i1jjj   ,pagans4  ---- 
,zocotora           #hj     #ed         
#aj1jjj   ,mahometans4  ---- ,comora    
,isles      #e in number4      #e1jjj   
,ditto4  ---- ,mauritius       #aej in  
compass4    #aj1jjj   ,french ,papists4 
---- ,bourbon          #ij in compass4  
#ae1jjj   ,french ,papists4  ----       
,madeiras          #c in number4        
#aj1jjj   ,papists4  ---- ,cape ,verd   
,isles  #aj in number4     #bj1jjj      
,ditto4  ---- ,canaries         #ab in  
number4     #cj1jjj   ,ditto4  ----     
,azores            #i in number4        
#ajj1jjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,maltha        
#ae      #h        #a1bjj   ,ditto4     
,,america4                              
,,extent4  ,countries4           ,length

 ,breadth  ,number of         ,religion4
                       ,miles4  ,miles4 
,inhabitants4    ,brazil                
#bijj    #ijj   #ad1jjj1jjj   ,pagans   
and ,papists4  ,paraguay                
#aadj    #dfj   #aj1jjj1jjj   ,pagans4  
,chili                 #abjj    #ejj    
#b1jjj1jjj   ,pagans and ,papists4      
,peru                  #ahjj    #fjj    
#aj1jjj1jjj   ,pagans and ,papists4     
,country of the        #abjj    #ijj    
#h1jjj1jjj   ,pagans4    ,amazons4      
,terra ,firma           #adjj    #gjj   
#aj1jjj1jjj   ,pagans and ,papists4     
,guiana                 #ghj    #dhj    
#b1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4  ,terra            
,magellanica     #adjj    #dfj          
#i1jjj1jjj   ,pagans4  ,old ,mexico     
#bbbj    #fjj   #ac1ejj1jjj   ,ditto1   
and ,papists4  ,new ,mexico             
#bjjj   #ajjj   #ad1jjj1jjj   ,ditto4   
,the ,states of ,america #ajjj    #fjj  
#c1gjj1jjj   ,christians1 of various    
denominations  ,terra de ,labrador1     
#afhj    #fjj    #h1jjj1jjj             

,christians1 of various                 
,nova-,scotia1                          
denominations1 but    ,louisiana1       
,canada1                                
most of the ,north    and all the       
country                                 
,american ,indians are    inland from   
,mexico                                 
,pagans4    to ,hudson's-,bay           
,california1 and from  #bhbj   #achj    
#i1jjj1jjj   ,pagans4    thence along   
the    degrees south    latitude1 and so
    far inland as to    meet the above  
article  ,all to the north of           
unknown4                 ,pagans4    #gj
 degrees  ,cape ,breton            #djj 
#aaj       #bj1jjj   ,christians4  ---- 
,newfoundland      #cej    #bjj         
#a1djj   ,protestants4  ----            
,cumberland's ,isle #ghj    #cjj        
#aj1jjj   ,pagans4  ---- ,madre de ,dios
     #aje     #cj        #h1jjj         
,ditto4  ---- ,terra del ,fuego   #abj  
#cf        #e1jjj   ,ditto4    ,all the 
,islands in the ,vicinity of ,cape ,horn

     ,pagans4    ,the ,bermudas extend  
#af      #e       #bj1jjj   ,half       
,english1 and                           
,half ,slaves4  ,the ,,little ,,antilles
    are ,aruba              #e      #c  
#bjj   ,dutch1 and ,pagan ,negroes4     
---- ,curassoa           #cj     #aj    
#aa1jjj   ,ditto4  ---- ,bonaire        
#aj      #c          #cjj   ,ditto4     
---- ,margaritta         #dj     #bd    
#ah1jjj   ,spaniards1 and ,pagan        
,negoes4  ---- ,st ,trinidad        #ij 
#fj      #ajj1jjj   ,ditto4  ,the       
,,bahamas are  ---- ,bahama             
#ej     #af       #af1jjj   ,pagans4    
---- ,providence         #bh     #aa    
#f1jjj   ,ditto4    ,besides ,eluthera1 
,harbour1 ,lucayonegua1 ,andross1       
,cigateo1 ,guanaliana1  ,yumeta1        
,samana1 ,yuma1 ,mayaguana1 ,ynagua1    
,caieos1 and ,triangula--  ,pagans4     
,the ,,antilles are  ---- ,cuba         
#gjj    #fj    #a1jjj1jjj   ,papists4   
---- ,jamaica            #adj    #fj    
#djj1jjj   ,english1 and ,pagan         

,negroes4  ---- ,st4 ,domingo           
#dej   #aej    #a1jjj1jjj   ,french1    
,spaniards1 and                         
,negroes4  ---- ,porto ,rico            
#ajj    #di      #cjj1jjj   ,spaniards  
and ,negroes4  ---- ,vache1 or ,cows ,i4
   #ah     #b        #a1jjj   ,ditto4   
,the ,,virgin ,,isles are #ab in number1
 of which ,danes ,island is the         
principal--,protestants4    ,the        
,,carrirbees are  ---- ,st4 ,cruz       
#cj    #aj       #ac1ejj   ,danish      
,protestants4  ---- ,anguilla           
#cj     #i        #f1jjj   ,protestants1
 and ,negroes4  ---- ,st4 ,martin       
#ba    #ab        #g1ejj   ,ditto4  ----
 ,st4 ,bartholomew      #f     #d       
#gbj   ,ditto4  ---- ,barbuda           
#bj    #ab        #g1ejj   ,ditto4  ----
 ,saba                 #e     #d        
#a1ejj   ,ditto4  ---- ,guardulope      
#de    #ch       #ej1jjj   ,catholics1  
and ,pagan                              
,negroes4  ---- ,marigalante         #ae
    #ab        #e1djj   ,ditto4  ----   

,tobago              #cb     #i         
#c1djj   ,ditto4  ---- ,defiada         
#ab     #f        #a1ejj   ,ditto4  ----
 ,granada             #cj    #ae        
#ac1ejj   ,english1 and ,pagan          
,negroes4  ---- ,st4 ,lucia             
#bc    #ab        #e1jjj   ,ditto1 and  
,native ,pagan                          
,caribbs4                               
,whites4 ,negroes4  ---- ,st4 ,eustatia 
#f     #d   #e1jjj  #ae1jjj  ,dutch1    
,english1 c4  ---- ,st4,christopher     
#bj     #g   #f1jjj  #cf1jjj  ,english4 
---- ,nevis                #f     #d    
#e1jjj  #aj1jjj  ,ditto4  ---- ,antigua 
#bj     #d   #g1jjj  #cj1jjj  ,ditto4   
---- ,montserrat           #f     #d    
#e1jjj  #aj1jjj  ,ditto4  ----          
,martinico            #f     #d  #bj1jjj
  #ej1jjj  ,french4  ---- ,st4          
,vincent's       #fj     #d   #h1jjj    
#e1jjj  ,the #h1jjj are                 
,native ,caribbs4  ---- ,barbadoes      
#bd     #d  #cj1jjj #ajj1jjj  ,english4 
---- ,dominica            #bh     #d    

#dj1jjj  ,ditto1 #b1jjj of them         
,native ,caribbs4  ---- ,st4 ,thomas    
#ae in compass4       #h1jjj  ,danish   
,protestants4      ,this1 as nearly as  
,i can obtain information1 is the state 
of the  world2 though in many countries1
 as ,turkey1 ,arabia1 ,great ,tartary1  
,africa1 and ,america1 except the       
,united ,states1 and most of the        
,asiatic  ,islands1 we have no accounts 
of the number of inhabitants1 that can  
be  relied on4 ,i have therefore only   
calculated the extent1 and counted a    
certain number on an average upon a     
square mile2 in some countries  more1   
and in others less1 according as        
circumstances determine4 ,a few  general
 remarks upon it will conclude this     
section4    ,,first1 the inhabitants of 
the world according to this calculation1
  amount to about seven hundred and     
thirty-one millions2 four hundred  and  
twenty millions of whom are still in    
pagan darkness2 an hundred  and thirty  
millions the followers of ,mahomet2 an  

hundred millions  catholics2 forty-four 
millions protestants2 thirty millions of
 the  greek and armenian churches1 and  
perhaps seven millions of jews4 ,it     
must undoubtedly strike every           
considerate mind1 what a vast proportion
  of the sons of ,adam there are1 who   
yet remain in the most deplorable  state
 of heathen darkness1 without any means 
of knowing the true ,god1  except what  
are afforded them by the works of       
nature2 and utterly  destitute of the   
knowledge of the gospel of ,christ1 or  
of any means of  obtaining it4 ,in many 
of these countries they have no written 
language1 consequently no ,bible1 and   
are only led by the most childish       
customs and traditions4 ,such1 for      
instance1 are all the middle and  back  
parts of ,north ,america1  the inland   
parts of ,south ,america1 the           
,south-,sea ,islands1 ,new ,holland1    
,new ,zealand1 ,new ,guinea2 and ,i may 
add  ,great ,tartary1 ,siberia1         
,samojedia1 and the other parts of ,asia

  contiguous to the frozen sea2 the     
greatest part of ,africa1 the island  of
 ,madagascar1 and many places beside4   
,in many of these parts also  they are  
cannibals1 feeding upon the flesh of    
their slain enemies1  with the greatest 
brutality and eagerness4 ,the truth of  
this was  ascertained1 beyond a doubt1  
by the late eminent navigator1 ,cooke1  
of  the ,new ,zealanders1 and some of   
the inhabitants of the western coast  of
 ,america4 ,human sacrifices are also   
very frequently offered1 so that  scarce
 a week elapses without instances of    
this kind4 ,they are in  general poor1  
barbarous1 naked pagans1 as destitute of
 civilization1  as they are of true     
religion4    ,,secondly1 barbarous as   
these poor heathens are1 they appear to 
be as  capable of knowledge as we are2  
and in many places1 at least1 have      
discovered uncommon genius and          
tractableness2 and ,i greatly question  
whether most of the barbarities         
practiced by them1 have not originated  

in some real or supposed affront1 and   
are therefore1 more properly1  acts of  
self-defence1 than proofs of inhuman and
 blood-thirsty  dispositions4           
,,thirdly1 in other parts1 where they   
have a written language1 as in the      
,east-,indies1 ,china1 ,japan1 c4 they  
know nothing of the gospel4 ,the        
jesuits indeed once made many converts  
to popery among the ,chinese2  but their
 highest aim seemed to be to obtain     
their good opinion2 for  though the     
converts professed themselves           
,christians1 yet they were  allowed to  
honour the image of ,,confucius their   
great law-giver2 and at  length their   
ambitious intrigues brought upon them   
the displeasure of  government1 which   
terminated in the suppression of the    
mission1 and  almost1 if not entirely1  
of the ,christian name4 ,it is also a   
melancholy fact1 that the vices of      
,europeans have been communicated       
wherever they themselves have been2 so  
that the religious state of  even       

heathens has been rendered worse by     
intercourse with them6    ,,fourthly1 a 
very great proportion of ,asia and      
,africa1 with some part  of ,europe1 are
 ,mahometans2 and those in ,persia1 who 
are of the sect  of ,hali1 are the most 
inveterate enemies to the ,turks2 and   
they in  return abhor the ,persians4    
,the ,africans are some of the most     
ignorant  of all the mahometans2        
especially the ,arabs1 who are scattered
 through  all the northern parts of     
,africa1 and live upon the depredations 
which  they are continually making upon 
their neighbours4    ,,fifthly1 in      
respect to those who bear the ,christian
 name1 a very great  degree of ignorance
 and immorality abounds amongst them4   
,there are  ,christians1 so called1 of  
the greek and armenian churches1 in all 
the  mahometan countries2 but they are1 
if possible1 more ignorant and  vicious 
than the mahometans themselves4 ,the    
,georgian ,christians1 who  are near the
 ,caspian ,sea1 maintain themselves by  

selling their  neighbours1 relations1   
and children1 for slaves to the ,turks  
and  ,persians4 ,and it is remarked1    
that if any of the greeks of ,anatolia  
turn  mussulmen1 the ,turks never set   
any store by them1 on account of  their 
being so much noted for dissimulation   
and hypocrisy4 ,it is well  known that  
most of the members of the greek church 
are very ignorant4  ,papists also are in
 general ignorant of divine things1 and 
very  vicious4 ,nor do the bulk of the  
church of ,england much exceed them1    
either in knowledge or holiness2 and    
many errors1 and much looseness  of     
conduct1 are to be found amongst        
dissenters of all denominations4  ,the  
lutherans in ,denmark1 are much on a par
 with the ecclesiastics in  ,england2   
and the face of most ,christian         
countries presents a dreadful  scene of 
ignorance1 hypocrisy1 and profligacy4   
,various baneful1 and  pernicious errors
 appear to gain ground1 in almost every 
part of  ,christendom2 the truths of the

 gospel1 and even the gospel itself1 are
  attacked1 and every method that the   
enemy can invent is employed to         
undermine the kingdom of our ,lord      
,jesus ,christ4    ,all these things are
 loud calls to ,christians1 and         
especially to  ministers1 to exert      
themselves to the utmost in their       
several spheres  of action1 and to try  
to enlarge them as much as possible4    
,,sect4 ,,iv4              ,the         
,practicability of something being done1
 more than            what is done1 for 
the ,conversion of the ,heathen4        
,the impediments in the way of carrying 
the gospel among the heathen  must      
arise1 ,i think1 from one or other of   
the following things2  --either their   
distance from us1 their barbarous and   
savage manner of  living1 the danger of 
being killed by them1 the difficulty of 
procuring the necessaries of life1 or   
the unintelligibleness of their         
languages4    ,,first1 as to their      
distance from us1 whatever objections   

might have  been made on that account   
before the invention of the mariner's   
compass1 nothing can be alledged for it1
 with any colour of  plausibility in the
 present age4   ,men can now sail with  
as much  certainty through the ,great   
,south ,sea1 as they can through the    
,mediterranean1 or any lesser ,sea4     
,yea1 and providence seems in a  manner 
to invite us to the trial1 as there are 
to our knowledge  trading companies1    
whose commerce lies in many of the      
places where1  these barbarians dwell4  
,at one time or other ships are sent to 
visit  places of more recent discovery1 
and to explore parts the most  unknown2 
and every fresh account of their        
ignorance1 or cruelty1  should call     
forth our pity1 and excite us to concur 
with providence in  seeking their       
eternal good4 ,scripture likewise seems 
to point out this  method1 ,surely the  
,isles shall wait for me2 the ships of  
,tarshish  first1 to bring my sons from 
far1 their silver1 and their gold with  

them1 unto the name of the ,lord1 thy   
,god4 ,isai4 lx4 #i4 ,this seems to     
imply that in the time of the glorious  
increase of the church1 in the  latter  
days1 7of which the whole chapter is    
undoubtedly a prophecy17  commerce shall
 subserve the spread of the gospel4 ,the
 ships of  ,tarshish were trading       
vessels1 which made voyages for traffic 
to  various parts2 thus much therefore  
must be meant by it1 that  navigation1  
especially that which is commercial1    
shall be one  great mean of carrying on 
the work of ,god2  and perhaps it may   
imply  that there shall be a very       
considerable appropriation of wealth to 
that purpose4    ,,secondly1 as to their
 uncivilized1 and barbarous way of      
living1 this  can be no objection to    
any1 except those whose love of ease    
renders  them unwilling to expose       
themselves to inconveniencies for the   
good of  others4    ,it was no objection
 to the apostles and their successors1  
who went  among the barbarous ,germans  

and ,gauls1 and still more barbarous    
,britons6 ,they did not wait for the    
ancient inhabitants of these  countries1
 to be civilized1 before they could be  
christianized1 but  went simply with the
 doctrine of the cross2 and ,,tertullian
 could boast  that those parts of       
,britain which were proof against the   
,roman  armies1 were conquered by the   
gospel of ,christ--,it was no objection 
to an ,,elliot1 or a ,,brainerd1 in     
later times4 ,they went forth1 and      
encountered every difficulty of the     
kind1 and found that a cordial          
reception of the gospel produced those  
happy effects which the longest         
intercourse with ,europeans1 without it 
could never accomplish4 ,it is  no      
objection to commercial men4 ,it only   
requires that we should have  as much   
love to the souls of our                
fellow-creatures1 and fellow sinners1   
as they have for the profits arising    
from a few otter-skins1 and all  these  
difficulties would be easily surmounted4

    ,after all1 the uncivilized state of
 the heathen1 instead of affording  an  
objection against preaching the gospel  
to them1 ought to furnish  an argument  
for it4 ,can we as men1 or as           
christians1 hear that a  great part of  
our fellow creatures1 whose souls are as
 immortal as  ours1 and who are as      
capable as ourselves1 of adorning the   
gospel1 and  contributing by their      
preaching1 writings1 or practices to the
 glory  of our ,redeemer's name1 and the
 good of his church1 are inveloped in   
ignorance and barbarism8 ,can we hear   
that they are without the gospel1       
without government1 without laws1 and   
without arts1 and sciences2 and  not    
exert ourselves to introduce amongst    
them the sentiments of men1  and of     
,christians8 ,would not the spread of   
the gospel be the most  effectual mean  
of their civilization8 ,would not that  
make them useful  members of society8   
,we know that such effects did in a     
measure follow  the afore-mentioned     

efforts of ,elliot1 ,brainerd1 and      
others  amongst the ,american ,indians2 
and if similar attempts were made in    
other parts of the world1 and succeeded 
with a divine blessing 7which  we have  
every reason to think they would7 might 
we not expect to see  able ,divines1 or 
read well-conducted treatises in defence
 of the  truth1 even amongst those who  
at present seem to be scarcely human8   
,,thirdly1 ,in respect to the danger of 
being killed by them1 it is  true that  
whoever does go must put his life in his
 hand1 and not  consult with flesh and  
blood2 but do not the goodness of the   
cause1  the duties incumbent on us as   
the creatures of ,god1 and ,christians1 
and the perishing state of our fellow   
men1 loudly call upon us to  venture all
 and use every warrantable exertion for 
their benefit8 ,,paul  and ,,barnabas1  
who hazarded their lives for the name of
 our ,lord ,jesus  ,christ1 were not    
blamed as being rash1 but commended for 
so doing1  while ,,john ,,mark who      

through timidity of mind deserted them  
in their  perilous undertaking1 was     
branded with censure4 ,after all1 as has
 been  already observed1 ,i greatly     
question whether most of the barbarities
  practiced by the savages upon those   
who have visited them1 have not         
originated in some real or supposed     
affront1 and were therefore1 more       
properly1 acts of self-defence1 than    
proofs of ferocious dispositions4  ,no  
wonder if the imprudence of sailors     
should prompt them to offend  the simple
 savage1 and the offence be resented2   
but ,elliot1  ,brainerd1 and the        
,moravian missionaries1 have been very  
seldom  molested4 ,nay1 in general the  
heathen have shewed a willingness to    
hear the word2 and have principally     
expressed their hatred of  ,christianity
 on account of the vices of nominal     
,christians4    ,,fourthly1 ,as to the  
difficulty of procuring the necessaries 
of life1  this would not be so great as 
may appear at first sight2 for though we

  could not procure ,european food1 yet 
we might procure such as the  natives of
 those countries which we visit1 subsist
 upon themselves4  ,and this would only 
be passing through what we have         
virtually engaged1  in by entering on   
the ministerial office4 ,a ,christian   
minister is a  person who in a peculiar 
sense is not his own2 he is the servant 
of ,god1 and therefore ought to be      
wholly devoted to him4 ,by entering  on 
that sacred office he solemnly          
undertakes to be always engaged1 as     
much as possible1 in the ,lord's work1  
and not to chuse his own  pleasure1 or  
employment1 or pursue the ministry as a 
something that is  to subserve his own  
ends1 or interests1 or as a kind of     
bye-work4 ,he  engages to go where ,god 
pleases1 and to do1 or endure what he   
sees fit  to command1 or call him to1 in
 the exercise of his function4 ,he      
virtually bids farewell to friends1     
pleasures1 and comforts1 and  stands in 
readiness to endure the greatest        

sufferings in the work of  his ,lord1   
and ,master4 ,it is inconsistent for    
ministers to please  themselves with    
thoughts of a numerous auditory1 cordial
 friends1 a  civilized country1 legal   
protection1 affluence1 splendor1 or even
 a  competency4 ,the flights1 and hatred
 of men1 and even pretended  friends1   
gloomy prisons1 and tortures1 the       
society of barbarians of  uncouth       
speech1 miserable accommodations in     
wretched wildernesses1  hunger1 and     
thirst1 nakedness1 weariness1 and       
painfulness1 hard work1  and but little 
worldly encouragement1 should rather be 
the objects of  their expectation4 ,thus
 the apostles acted1 in the primitive   
times1  and endured hardness1 as good   
soldiers of ,jesus ,christ2 and though  
we  living in a civilized country where 
,christianity is protected by law1  are 
not called to suffer these things while 
we continue here1 yet ,i  question      
whether all are justified in staying    
here1 while so many are  perishing      

without means of grace in other lands4  
,sure ,i am that it is  entirely        
contrary to the spirit of the gospel1   
for its ministers to  enter upon it from
 interested motives1 or with great      
worldly  expectations4 ,on the contrary 
the commission is a sufficient call to  
them to venture all1 and1 like the      
primitive ,christians1 go every  where  
preaching the gospel4    ,it might be   
necessary1 however1 for two1 at least1  
to go together1 and  in general ,i      
should think it best that they should be
 married men1 and  to prevent their time
 from being employed in procuring       
necessaries1  two1 or more1 other       
persons1 with their wives and families1 
might also  accompany them1 who should  
be wholly employed in providing for     
them4  ,in most countries it would be   
necessary for them to cultivate a little
  spot of ground just for their support1
 which would be a resource to  them1    
whenever their supplies failed4 ,not to 
mention the advantages  they would reap 

from each others company1 it would take 
off the  enormous expence which has     
always attended undertakings of this    
kind1  the first expence being the      
whole2 for though a large colony needs  
support for a considerable time1 yet so 
small a number would1 upon  receiving   
the first crop1 maintain themselves4    
,they would have the  advantage of      
choosing their situation1 their wants   
would be few2 the  women1 and even the  
children1 would be necessary for        
domestic  purposes2 and a few articles  
of stock1 as a cow or two1 and a bull1  
and a few other cattle of both sexes1 a 
very few utensils of  husbandry1 and    
some corn to sow their land1 would be   
sufficient4 ,those  who attend the      
missionaries should understand          
husbandry1 fishing1  fowling1 c4 and be 
provided with the necessary implements  
for these  purposes4 ,indeed a variety  
of methods may be thought of1 and when  
once  the work is undertaken1 many      
things will suggest themselves to us1 of

  which we at present can form no idea4 
,,fifthly1 ,as to learning their        
languages1 the same means would be      
found necessary here as in trade between
 different nations4 ,in some  cases     
interpreters might be obtained1 who     
might be employed for a  time2 and where
 these were not to be found1 the        
missionaries must have  patience1 and   
mingle with the people1 till they have  
learned so much  of their language as to
 be able to communicate their ideas to  
them in  it4 ,it is well known to       
require no very extraordinary talents to
  learn1 in the space of a year1 or two 
at most1 the language of any  people    
upon earth1 so much of it at least1 as  
to be able to convey any  sentiments we 
wish to their understandings4    ,the   
,missionaries must be men of great      
piety1 prudence1 courage1 and           
forbearance2 of undoubted orthodoxy in  
their sentiments1 and must  enter with  
all their hearts into the spirit of     
their mission2 they  must be willing to 

leave all the comforts of life behind   
them1 and to  encounter all the         
hardships of a torrid1 or a frigid      
climate1 an  uncomfortable manner of    
living1 and every other inconvenience   
that can  attend this undertaking4      
,clothing1 a few knives1 powder and     
shot1  fishing-tackle1 and the articles 
of husbandry above-mentioned1 must be   
provided for them2 and when arrived at  
the place of their destination1  their  
first business must be to gain some     
acquaintance with the  language of the  
natives1 7for which purpose two would be
 better than  one17 and by all lawful   
means to endeavour to cultivate a       
friendship  with them1 and as soon as   
possible let them know the errand for   
which  they were sent4 ,they must       
endeavour to convince them that it was  
their  good alone1 which induced them to
 forsake their friends1 and all the     
comforts of their native country4 ,they 
must be very careful not to  resent     
injuries which may be offered to them1  

nor to think highly of  themselves1 so  
as to despise the poor heathens1 and by 
those means lay  a foundation for their 
resentment1 or rejection of the gospel4 
,they  must take every opportunity of   
doing them good1 and labouring1 and     
travelling1 night and day1 they must    
instruct1 exhort1 and rebuke1  with all 
long suffering1 and anxious desire for  
them1 and1 above all1  must be instant  
in prayer for the effusion of the ,holy 
,spirit upon the  people of their       
charge4 ,let but missionaries of the    
above description  engage in the work1  
and we shall see that it is not         
impracticable4    ,it might likewise be 
of importance1 if ,god should bless     
their labours1  for them to encourage   
any appearances of gifts amongst the    
people of  their charge2 if such should 
be raised up many advantages would be   
derived from their knowledge of the     
language1 and customs of their          
countrymen2 and their change of conduct 
would give great weight to  their       

ministrations4                          
,,sect4  ,v4             ,an ,enquiry   
into the ,duty of ,christians in        
general1 and       what ,means ought to 
be used1 in order to promote this ,work4
      ,if the prophecies concerning the 
increase of ,christ's kingdom be true1  
and if what has been advanced1          
concerning the commission given by him  
to his disciples being obligatory on us1
 be just1 it must be inferred  that all 
,christians ought heartily to concur    
with ,god in promoting his  glorious    
designs1 for he that is joined to the   
,lord is one spirit4    ,one of the     
first1 and most important of those      
duties which are  incumbent upon us1 is 
fervent and united prayer4 ,however the 
influence of the ,holy ,spirit may be   
set at nought1 and run down by  many1 it
 will be found upon trial1 that all     
means which we can use1  without it1    
will be ineffectual4 ,if a temple is    
raised for ,god in the  heathen world1  
it will not be by might1 nor by power1  

nor by the  authority of the magistrate1
 or the eloquence of the orator2 but by 
my ,spirit1 saith the ,lord of ,hosts4  
,we must therefore be in real  earnest  
in supplicating his blessing upon our   
labours4    ,it is represented in the   
prophets1 that when there shall be a    
great  mourning in the land1 as the     
mourning of ,hadadrimmon in the valley  
of  ,megiddon1 and every family shall   
mourn apart1 and their wives apart1  it 
shall all follow upon a spirit of grace1
 and supplication4 ,and  when these     
things shall take place1 it is promised 
that there shall  be a fountain opened  
for the house of ,david1 and for the    
inhabitants  of ,jerusalem1 for sin1 and
 for uncleanness1--and that the idols   
shall be destroyed1 and the false       
prophets ashamed of their  profession4  
,zech4 xii #aj4 #ad4--xiii4 #a4 #f4     
,this prophesy seems to  teach that when
 there shall be an universal conjunction
 in fervent  prayer1 and all shall      
esteem ,zion's welfare as their own1    

then copious  influences of the ,spirit 
shall be shed upon the churches1 which  
like a  purifying fountain shall cleanse
 the servants of the ,lord4 ,nor shall  
this cleansing influence stop here2 all 
old idolatrous prejudices  shall be     
rooted out1 and truth prevail so        
gloriously that false  teachers shall be
 so ashamed as rather to wish to be     
classed with  obscure herdsmen1 or the  
meanest peasants1 than bear the ignominy
  attendant on their detection4    ,the 
most glorious works of grace that have  
ever took place1 have been  in answer to
 prayer2 and it is in this way1 we have 
the greatest  reason to suppose1 that   
the glorious out-pouring of the ,spirit1
 which  we expect at last1 will be      
bestowed4    ,with respect to our own   
immediate connections1 we have within   
these  few years been favoured with some
 tokens for good1 granted in answer  to 
prayer1 which should encourage us to    
persist1 and increase in that  important
 duty4  ,i trust our monthly            

prayer-meetings for the success  of the 
gospel have not been in vain4  ,it is   
true a want of importunity  too         
generally attends our prayers2 yet      
unimportunate1 and feeble as  they have 
been1 it is to be believed that ,god has
 heard1 and in a  measure answered them4
  ,the churches that have engaged in the
 practice  have in general since that   
time been evidently on the increase2    
some  controversies which have long     
perplexed and divided the church1 are   
more clearly stated than ever2 there are
 calls to preach the gospel in  many    
places where it has not been usually    
published2 yea1 a glorious  door is     
opened1 and is likely to be opened wider
 and wider1 by the  spread of civil and 
religious liberty1 accompanied also by a
  diminution of the spirit of popery2 a 
noble effort has been made to  abolish  
the inhuman ,slave-,trade1 and though at
 present it has not been  so successful 
as might be wished1 yet it is to be     
hoped it will be  persevered in1 till it

 is accomplished4  ,in the mean time it 
is a  satisfaction to consider that the 
late defeat of the abolition of the     
,slave-,trade has proved the occasion of
 a praise worthy effort to  introduce a 
free settlement1 at ,sierra ,leona1 on  
the coast of  ,africa2 an effort which1 
if succeeded with a divine blessing1 not
 only  promises to open a way for       
honourable commerce with that extensive 
country1 and for the civilization of its
 inhabitants1 but may prove  the happy  
mean of introducing amongst them the    
gospel of our ,lord  ,jesus ,christ4    
,these are events that ought not to be  
over-looked2 they are not to be         
reckoned small things2 and yet perhaps  
they are small compared with  what might
 have been expected1 if all had         
cordially entered into the  spirit of   
the proposal1 so as to have made the    
cause of ,christ their  own1 or in other
 words to have been so solicitous about 
it1 as if  their own advantage depended 
upon its success4 ,if an holy solicitude

  had prevailed in all the assemblies of
 ,christians in behalf of their         
,redeemer's kingdom1 we might probably  
have seen before now1 not only  an open 
door for the gospel1 but many running to
 and fro1 and  knowledge increased2 or a
 diligent use of those means which      
providence has put in our power1        
accompanied with a greater blessing     
than ordinary from heaven4    ,many can 
do nothing but pray1 and prayer is      
perhaps the only thing in  which        
,christians of all denominations can    
cordially1 and unreservedly  unite2 but 
in this we may all be one1 and in this  
the strictest  unanimity ought to       
prevail4 ,were the whole body thus      
animated by one  soul1 with what        
pleasure would ,christians attend on all
 the duties of  religion1 and with what 
delight would their ministers attend on 
all  the business of their calling4     
,we must not be contented however with  
praying1 without exerting  ourselves in 
the use of means for the obtaining of   

those things we  pray for4 ,were the    
children of light1 but as wise in their 
generation as the children of this      
world1 they would stretch every  nerve  
to gain so glorious a prize1 nor ever   
imagine that it was to be  obtained in  
any other way4    ,when a trading       
company have obtained their charter they
 usually go to  its utmost limits2 and  
their stocks1 their ships1 their        
officers1 and  men are so chosen1 and   
regulated1 as to be likely to answer    
their  purpose2 but they do not stop    
here1 for encouraged by the prospect of 
success1 they use every effort1 cast    
their bread upon the waters1  cultivate 
friendship with every one from whose    
information they expect  the least      
advantage4 ,they cross the widest and   
most tempestuous seas1  and encounter   
the most unfavourable climates2 they    
introduce  themselves into the most     
barbarous nations1 and sometimes undergo
 the  most affecting hardships2 their   
minds continue in a state of anxiety1   

and suspence1 and a longer delay than   
usual in the arrival of their  vessels  
agitates them with a thousand changeful 
thoughts1 and  foreboding apprehensions1
 which continue till the rich returns   
are  safe arrived in port4 ,but why     
these fears8 ,whence all these          
disquietudes1 and this labour8 ,is it   
not because their souls enter  into the 
spirit of the project1 and their        
happiness in a manner  depends on its   
success8--,christians are a body whose  
truest interest  lies in the exaltation 
of the ,messiah's kingdom4 ,their       
charter is very  extensive1 their       
encouragements exceeding great1 and the 
returns  promised infinitely superior to
 all the gains of the most lucrative    
fellowship4 ,let then every one in his  
station consider himself as  bound to   
act with all his might1 and in every    
possible way for ,god4    ,suppose a    
company of serious ,christians1         
ministers and private  persons1 were to 
form themselves into a society1 and make

 a number of  rules respecting the      
regulation of the plan1 and the persons 
who are  to be employed as missionaries1
 the means of defraying the expence1  c4
 c4 ,this society must consist of       
persons whose hearts are in the  work1  
men of serious religion1 and possessing 
a spirit of  perseverance2 there must be
 a determination not to admit any person
  who is not of this description1 or to 
retain him longer than he  answers to   
it4    ,from such a society a committee 
might be appointed1 whose business  it  
should be to procure all the information
 they could upon the  subject1 to       
receive contributions1 to enquire into  
the characters1  tempers1 abilities and 
religious views of the missionaries1 and
 also  to provide them with necessaries 
for their undertakings4    ,they must   
also pay a great attention to the views 
of those who  undertake this work2 for  
want of this the missions to the ,spice 
,islands1 sent by the ,dutch            
,east-,india ,company1 were soon        

corrupted1  many going more for the sake
 of settling in a place where temporal  
gain invited them1 than of preaching to 
the poor ,indians4 ,this soon           
introduced a number of indolent1 or     
profligate persons1 whose lives  were a 
scandal to the doctrines which they     
preached3 and by means of  whom the     
gospel was ejected from ,ternate1 in    
#afid1 and ,christianity  fell into     
great disrepute in other places4    ,if 
there is any reason for me to hope that 
,i shall have any influence  upon any of
 my brethren1 and fellow ,christians1   
probably it may be  more especially     
amongst them of my own denomination4 ,i 
would therefore  propose that such a    
society and committee should be formed  
amongst the  particular baptist         
denomination4    ,i do not mean by this1
 in any wife to confine it to one       
denomination  of ,christians4 ,i wish   
with all my heart1 that every one who   
loves our  ,lord ,jesus ,christ in      
sincerity1 would in some way or other   

engage in  it4 ,but in the present      
divided state of ,christendom1 it would 
be more  likely for good to be done by  
each denomination engaging separately in
  the work1 than if they were to embark 
in it conjointly4 ,there is room  enough
 for us all1 without interfering with   
each other2 and if no  unfriendly       
interference took place1 each           
denomination would bear good  will to   
the other1 and wish1 and pray for its   
success1 considering it  as upon the    
whole friendly to the great cause of    
true religion2 but if  all were         
intermingled1 it is likely their private
 discords might throw  a damp upon their
 spirits1 and much retard their public  
usefulness4    ,in respect to           
contributions for defraying the         
expences1 money will  doubtless be      
wanting2 and suppose the rich were to   
embark a portion of  that wealth over   
which ,god has made them stewards1 in   
this important  undertaking1 perhaps    
there are few ways that would turn to a 

better  account at last4 ,nor ought it  
to be confined to the rich2 if persons  
in more moderate circumstances were to  
devote a portion1 suppose a  tenth1 of  
their annual increase to the ,lord1 it  
would not only  correspond with the     
practice of the ,israelites1 who lived  
under the  ,mosaic ,oeconomy1 but of the
 patriarchs ,abraham1 ,isaac1 and       
,jacob1  before that dispensation       
commenced4 ,many of our most eminent    
fore-fathers amongst the ,puritans1     
followed that practice2 and if  that    
were but attended to now1 there would   
not only be enough to  support the      
ministry of the gospel at home1 and to  
encourage village  preaching in our     
respective neighbourhoods1 but to defray
 the  expences of carrying the gospel   
into the heathen world4    ,if          
congregations were to open subscriptions
 of one penny1 or more  per week1       
according to their circumstances1 and   
deposit it as a fund  for the           
propogation of the gospel1 much might be

 raised in this way4  ,by such simple   
means they might soon have it in their  
power to  introduce the preaching of the
 gospel into most of the villages in    
,england2 where1 though men are placed  
whose business it should be to  give    
light to those who sit in darkness1 it  
is well known that they  have it not4   
,where there was no person to open his  
house for the  reception of the gospel1 
some other building might be procured   
for a  small sum1 and even then         
something considerable might be spared  
for  the baptist1 or other committees1  
for propogating the gospel amongst  the 
heathen4    ,many persons have of late  
left off the use of ,west-,india sugar  
on  account of the iniquitous manner in 
which it is obtained4 ,those  families  
who have done so1 and have not          
substituted any thing else in  its      
place1 have not only cleansed their     
hands of blood1 but have made  a saving 
to their families1 some of six pence1   
and some of a shilling  a week4 ,if     

this1 or a part of this were            
appropriated to the uses                
before-mentioned1 it would abundantly   
suffice4 ,we have only to keep  the end 
in view1 and have our hearts thoroughly 
engaged in the pursuit  of it1 and means
 will not be very difficult4    ,we are 
exhorted to lay up treasure in heaven1  
where neither moth nor  rust doth       
corrupt1 nor thieves break through and  
steal4 ,it is also  declared that       
whatsoever a man soweth1 that shall he  
also reap4  ,these ,scriptures teach us 
that the enjoyments of the life to come1
  bear a near relation to that which now
 is2 a relation similar to that  of the 
harvest1 and the seed4 ,it is true all  
the reward is of mere  grace1 but it is 
nevertheless encouraging2 what a        
treasure1 what an  harvest must await   
such characters as ,,paul1 and ,,elliot1
 and  ,,brainerd1 and others1 who have  
given themselves wholly to the work of  
the ,lord4 ,what a heaven will it be to 
see the many myriads of poor  heathens1 

of ,britons amongst the rest1 who by    
their labours have been  brought to the 
knowledge of ,god4 ,surely a crown of   
rejoicing like  this is worth aspiring  
to4 ,surely it is worth while to lay    
ourselves  out with all our might1 in   
promoting the cause1 and kingdom of     
,christ4                                
,,finis4