,,! ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,exam9] ,"p #d ( #d ,by ,! ,am]ican ,anti-,slav]y ,society #ahci ,no4 #ab4 ,*attel ,pr9ciple ,! ,abhorr5ce ( ,jesus ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les2 ,or ,no ,refuge = ,am]ican ,slav]y 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,on ! ,condition ( ! ,free ,p ( ,color 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,no4 #ac4 ,c ,abolitioni/s ,vote or ,take ,(fice ,"u ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution8 ,address to ! ,fri5ds ( ,con/itutional ,lib]ty1 on ! ,violation by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( ! ,"r ( ,petition at ! ,executive ,committee ( ! ,am]ican ,anti-,slav]y ,society4 ,no4 #ab4 ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,exam9]4 ,,*attel ,,pr9ciple ,,! ,,abhorr5ce ,,( ,,jesus ,,*ri/ ,,& ,,! ,,apo/les2 ,,or1 ,,no ,,refuge ,,= ,,am]ican ,,slav]y ,,9 ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t4 ,,by ,,b]iah ,,gre54 ,,new ,,york ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,! ,,am]ican ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,society1 ,,no4 #adc ,,nassau ,,/reet #ahci ,?is ,no4 conta9s #d-a_/b %eet--,po/age "u #ajj miles1 #g cts4 ov] #ajj1 #aj cts4 ,please ,read & circulate4 ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,aga9/ ,,slav]y4 ,,! ,,son ,,( ,,man ,,is ,,come ,,to ,,seek ,,& ,,to ,,save ,,t ,,:i* ,,0 ,,lo/4 ,is ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 favor ( ,am]ican slav]y8 ,9 #aggf ,,?omas ,,jeff]son1 support$ by a noble b& ( patriots & surr\nd$ by ! ,am]ican p1 op5$ 8 lips 9 ! au?oritative decl>ation3 ,we hold ^! tru?s to be ,,self-,,evid5t1 t all m5 are creat$ equal2 t !y are end[$ by _! ,creator ) c]ta9 inali5able rights2 t among ^! are life1 ,,lib]ty1 & ! pursuit ( happ9ess4 ,& f ! inmo/ he>t ( ! multitudes ar\nd1 & 9 a /rong & cle> voice1 broke =? ! unanim\s & decisive answ]3 ,am5--su* tru?s we d inde$ hold to be self-evid5t4 ,& animat$ & su/a9$ by a decl>ation1 s inspir+ & sublime1 !y ru%$ to arms1 & z ! result ( agoniz+ ef=ts & dreadful suff]+s1 a*iev$ "u ,god ! indep5d5ce ( _! c\ntry4 ,! great tru?1 :5ce !y d]iv$ light & /r5g? to ass]t & def5d _! rights1 !y made ! f\ndation ( _! republic4 ,& 9 ! mid/ ( ?is republic1 mu/ we prove1 t ,he1 :o 0 ! ,tru?1 did n contradict ! tru?s :i* ,he ,himself2 z _! ,creator1 _h made self-evid5t to mank9d8 ,is ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 favor ( ,am]ican slav]y8 ,:at1 accord+ to ^? laws :i* make x :at x is1 is ,am]ican slav]y8 ,9 ! ,/atute-book ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a ?us x is writt53#a ,slaves %all be deem$1 held1 tak51 reput$ & adjudg$ 9 law to be *attels p]sonal 9 ! h&s ( _! own]s & possessors1 & _! executors1 adm9i/rators & assigns1 to all int5ts1 con/ruction & purposes :atev]4 ,! v root ( ,am]ican slav]y consi/s 9 ! assumption1 t law has r$uc$ m5 to *attels4 ,b ?is assumption is1 & mu/ be1 a gross falsehood4 ,m5 & cattle are sep>at$ f ea* o!r by ! ,creator1 immutably1 et]nally1 & by an impassable gulf4 ,to conf\nd or id5tify m5 & cattle mu/ be to lie mo/ wantonly1 impud5tly1 & malici\sly4 ,& mu/ we prove1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ is n 9 favor ( palpable1 mon/r\s falsehood8 ,footnote #a3 ,/r\d's ,slave ,laws1 p4 #bc4 ,is ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 favor ( ,am]ican slav]y8 ,h[ c a sy/em1 built ^u a /\t & impud5t d5ial ( self-evid5t tru?--a sy/em ( treat+ m5 l cattle--op]ate8 ,?omas ,jeff]son %all answ]4 ,he> him4 ,! :ole comm]ce betwe5 ma/] & slave is a p]petual ex]cise ( ! mo/ boi/]\s passions2 ! mo/ unremitt+ despotism on ! "o "p1 & degrad+ submission on ! o!r4 ,! p>5t /orms1 ! *ild looks on1 cat*es ! l9eam5ts ( wra?1 puts on ! same airs 9 ! circle ( small] slaves1 gives loose to 8 wor/ passions1 & ?us nurs$1 educat$1 & daily ex]cis$ 9 tyranny1 _c b be /amp$ by x ) odi\s peculi>ities4 ,! man mu/ be a prodigy1 :o c reta9 8 mann]s & morals undeprav$ by su* circum/ances4#b ,su* is ! practical op]ation ( a sy/em1 :i* puts m5 & cattle into ! same family & treats !m alike4 ,& mu/ we prove1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ is n 9 favor ( a s*ool :]e ! wor/ vices 9 _! mo/ hateful =ms are sy/ematically & effici5tly taught & practic$8 ,is ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 favor ( ,am]ican slav]y8 ,:at1 9 #ahah1 did ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,presbyt]ian *ur* affirm respect+ its nature & op]ation8 ,slav]y creates a p>adox 9 ! moral sy/em--x exhibits rational1 acc\ntable1 & immortal be+s1 9 su* circum/ances z sc>cely to leave !m ! p[] ( moral action4 ,x exhibits !m z dep5d5t on ! w ( o!rs1 :e!r !y %all receive religi\s in/ruction2 :e!r !y %all "k & wor%ip ! true ,god2 :e!r !y %all enjoy ! ord9ances ( ! gospel2 :e!r !y %all p]=m ! duties & *]i% ! ende>m5ts ( husb&s & wives1 p>5ts & *ildr51 neighbors & fri5ds2 :e!r !y %all pres]ve _! *a/ity & purity1 or reg>d ! dictates ( ju/ice & humanity4 ,su* are "s ( ! consequ5ces ( slav]y2 consequ5ces n imag9>y1 b :i* connect !mselves ) its v exi/5ce4 ,! evils to :i* ! slave is always expos$1 (t5 take place 9 _! v wor/ degree & =m2 & :]e all ( !m d n take place1 /ill ! slave is depriv$ ( 8 natural rights1 degrad$ z a human be+1 & expos$ to ! dang] ( pass+ into ! h&s ( a ma/] :o may inflict ^u him all ! h>d%ip & injuries :i* inhumanity & av>ice may sugge/4#c ,mu/ we prove1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ is n 9 favor ( su* ?+s8 ,footnote #b3 ,notes on ,virg9ia1 ,bo/on ,ed4 #ahcb1 pp4 #afi1 #agj4 ,footnote #c3 ,m9utes ( ! ,g5]al assembly = #ahah1 p4 #bi4 ,is ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 favor ( ,am]ican slav]y8 ,x is already widely felt & op5ly ackn[l$g$ at ! ,s\?1 t !y _c support slav]y )\t su/a9+ ! opposition ( univ]sal ,*ri/5dom4 ,& ,?omas ,jeff]son decl>$1 ,i tremble = my c\ntry :5 ,i reflect t ,god is j2 t 8 ju/ice c n sleep =ev]2 t consid]+ numb]s1 nature1 & natural means only1 a revolution ( ! :eel ( =tune1 an ex*ange ( situation1 is among possible ev5ts2 t x may become practicable by sup]natural influ5ces6 ,! ,almighty has no attribute :i* c take sides ) u 9 su* a conte/4#d ,& mu/ we prove1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ is n 9 favor ( :at univ]sal ,*ri/5dom is impell$ to abhor1 d5\nce1 & oppose2 is n 9 favor ( :at e attribute ( ,almighty ,god is arm$ aga9/8 ,footnote #d3 ,notes on ,virg9ia1 ,bo/on ,ed4 #ahcb1 pp4 #agj1 #aga4 ,,ye ,,h ,,despis$ ,,! ,,poor4 ,x is no man ( /raw1 ) :om1 9 mak+ out su* pro(1 we are call$ to cont5d4 ,w\ld to ,god we _h no o!r antagoni/6 ,w\ld to ,god t our labor ( love c\ld be reg>d$ z a "w ( sup]]ogation6 ,b we may well be a%am$ & griev$ to f9d x necess>y to /op ! m\?s ( grave & le>n$ ecclesia/ics1 :o f ! heights ( ,zion h und]tak5 to def5d ! in/itution ( slav]y4 ,we speak n n[ ( ^?1 :o amid/ ! monum5ts ( oppression are engag$ 9 ! sacr$ vocation2 :o1 z m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel1 c prophesy smoo? ?+s to su* z pollute ! alt> ( ,jehovah ) human sacrifices2 nay1 :o !mselves b9d ! victim & k9dle ! sacrifice4 ,t !y %\ld put _! ,savior to ! torture1 to wr+ f 8 lips some?+ 9 favor ( slav]y1 is n to be wond]$ at4 ,!y cons5t to ! murd] ( ! *ildr52 c !y respect ! rights ( ! ,fa!r8 ,b :at %all we say ( di/+ui%$ !ologians ( ! nor?--pr(essors ( sacr$ lit]ature at our olde/ div9ity s*ools--:o /& up to def5d1 bo? by argum5t & au?ority1 s\!rn slav]y6 ,& f ! ,bible6 ,:o1 ,balaam-l1 try a ?\s& exp$i5ts to =ce f ! m\? ( ,jehovah a s5t5ce :i* !y "k ! he>t ( ,jehovah abhors6 ,surely we h "h some?+ m mis*iev\s & =midable ?an a man ( /raw4 ,m ?an two ye>s ago1 & j be=e ! meet+ ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*1 appe>$ an article 9 ! ,biblical ,rep]tory1#e und]/ood to be f ! p5 ( ! ,pr(essor ( ,sacr$ ,lit]ature at ,pr9ceton1 9 :i* an ef=t is made to %[1 t slav]y1 :atev] may be said ( any abuses ( x1 is n a violation ( ! precepts ( ! ,gospel4 ,?is article1 we are in=m$1 0 indu/ri\sly & ext5sively di/ribut$ among ! memb]s ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly--a body ( m51 :o by a frightful majority seem$ already too mu* dispos$ to w9k at ! horrors ( slav]y4 ,! effect ( ! ,pr9ceton ,apology on ! s\!rn m9d1 we h high au?ority = say+1 has be5 mo/ decisive & injuri\s4 ,x has contribut$ greatly to turn ! public eye (f f ! s9--f ! inh]5t & necess>y evils ( slav]y to incid5tal evils1 :i* ! abuse ( x might be expect$ to occasion4 ,& h[ few c be br\ght to admit1 t :atev] abuses may prevail nobody kn[s :]e or h[1 any su* ?+ is *>geable ^u !m6 ,?us our ,pr9ceton prophet has done :at he c\ld to lay ! s\!rn consci5ce asleep ^u +5i\s p]v]sions ( ! sacr$ volume6 ,footnote #e3 ,= ,april1 #ahcf4 ,! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* met 9 ! foll[+ ,may1 at ,pittsburgh1 :]e1 9 pamphlet =m1 ?is article 0 di/ribut$4 ,! foll[+ appe>$ ^u ! title page3 ,,pittsburgh3 #ahcf4 ,= gratuit\s di/ribution4 ,ab\t a ye> aft] ?is1 an ef=t 9 ! same direction 0 jo9tly made by ,dr4 ,fisk & ,pr(essor ,/u>t4 ,9 a lett] to a ,me?odi/ cl]gyman1 ,mr4 ,m]rit1 publi%$ 9 ,zion's ,h]ald1 ,dr4 ,fisk gives utt]ance to su* ?+s z ! foll[+3-- ,b t y & ! public may see & feel1 t y h ! able/ & ^? :o are among ! hone/e/ m5 ( ?is age1 array$ aga9/ y1 be pleas$ to notice ! foll[+ lett] f ,pr(4 ,/u>t4 ,i wrote to him1 kn[+ z ,i did 8 integrity ( purpose1 8 unfl9*+ reg>d = tru?1 z well z 8 des]v$ reputation z a s*ol> & biblical critic1 propos+ ! foll[+ que/ions3-- #a4 ,does ! ,new ,te/am5t directly or indirectly tea*1 t slav]y exi/$ 9 ! primitive *ur*8 #b4 ,9 #a ,tim4 vi4 #b1 ,& !y t h believ+ ma/]s1 c41 :at is ! relation express$ or impli$ betwe5 !y 7s]vants7 & believ+ ma/]s8 ,& :at are y\r reasons = ! con/ruction ( ! passage8 #c4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( anci5t & ea/]n slav]y8-- ,especially :at 7legal7 p[] did ?is relation give ! ma/] ov] ! slave8 ,,pr(essor ,,/u>t',s ,,reply4 ,,&ov]1 #aj? ,apr41 #ahcg ,,rev4 ,,& ,,de> ,,sir1--,y\rs is be=e me4 ,a sickness ( ?ree mon?'s /&+ 7typhus fev]7 9 :i* ,i h j escap$ dea?1 & :i* /ill conf9es me to my h\se1 r5d]s x impossible = me to answ] y\r lett] at l>ge4 #a4 ,! precepts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t respect+ ! demeanor ( slaves & ( _! ma/]s1 beyond all "q1 recognize ! exi/5ce ( slav]y4 ,! ma/]s are 9 "p believ+ ma/]s1 s t a precept to !m1 h[ !y are to behave z ma/]s1 recognizes t ! relation may /ill exi/1 salva fide et salva ecclesia1 7)\t violat+ ! ,*ri/ian fai? or ! *ur*47 ,o!rwise1 ,paul _h no?+ to d b to cut ! b& asund] at once4 ,he c\ld n lawfully & prop]ly temporize ) a malum 9 se1 7t :i* is 9 itself s947 ,if any "o d\bts1 let him take ! case ( ,paul's s5d+ ,onesimus back to ,philemon1 ) an apology = 8 runn+ away1 & s5d+ him back to be 8 s]vant = life4 ,! relation did exi/1 may exi/4 ,! abuse ( x is ! ess5tial & fundam5tal wrong4 ,n t ! !ory ( slav]y is 9 itself "r4 ,no2 ,love ?y neighbor z ?yself1 ,d unto o!rs t :i* ye w\ld t o!rs %\ld d unto y1 decide aga9/ ?is4 ,b ! relation once con/itut$ & cont9u$1 is n su* a malum 9 se z calls = imm$iate & viol5t disruption at all haz>ds4 ,s ,paul did n c\nsel4 #b4 #a ,tim4 vi4 #b1 expresses ! s5tim5t1 t slaves1 :o are ,*ri/ians & h ,*ri/ian ma/]s1 are n1 on t acc\nt1 & because z ,*ri/ians !y are bre?r51 to =ego ! rev]5ce due to !m z ma/]s4 ,t is1 ! relation ( ma/] & slave is n1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 abrogat$ betwe5 all ,*ri/ians4 ,nay1 s]vants %\ld 9 su* a case1 a =tiori1 d _! duty *e]fully4 ,?is s5tim5t lies on ! v face ( ! case4 ,:at ! ma/]'s duty 9 su* a case may be 9 respect to lib]ation1 is ano!r "q1 & "o :i* ! apo/le does n "h treat (4 #c4 ,e "o kn[s1 :o is acqua9t$ ) ,greek or ,lat9 antiquities1 t slav]y among hea!n nations has ev] be5 m unqualifi$ & at loos] ends ?an among ,*ri/ian nations4 ,slaves 7 prop]ty 9 ,greece & ,rome4 ,t decides all que/ions ab\t _! relation4 ,_! treatm5t dep5d$1 z x does n[1 on ! temp] ( _! ma/]s4 ,! p[] ( ! ma/] ov] ! slave 01 = a long "t1 t ( life & dea?4 ,horrible cruelties at l5g? mitigat$ x4 ,9 ! apo/le's day1 x 0 at lea/ z great z among u4 ,aft] all ! sp\t+ & vehem5ce on ?is subject1 :i* h be5 exhibit$1 ! good old ,book rema9s ! same4 ,paul's conduct & advice are /ill safe guides4 ,paul knew well t ,*ri/ianity w\ld ultimately de/roy slav]y1 z x c]ta9ly w4 ,he knew1 too1 t x w\ld de/roy mon>*y & ari/ocracy f ! e>?3 = x is fundam5tally a doctr9e ( true lib]ty & equality4 ,yet ,paul did n expect slav]y or an>*y to be ou/$ 9 a day2 & gave precepts to ,*ri/ians respect+ _! demeanor ad int]im4 ,) s9c]e & pat]nal reg>d1 ,y\r fri5d & bro!r1 ,m4 ,,/u>t4 --,?is1 sir1 is doctr9e t w /&1 because x is ,bible doctr9e4 ,! abolitioni/s1 !n1 are on a wrong c\rse4 ,!y h travel$ out ( ! record2 & if !y w\ld succe$1 !y mu/ take a diff]5t position1 & approa* ! subject 9 a diff]5t mann]4 ,respectfully y\rs1 ,w4 ,,fisk ,,s ,,!y ,,wrap ,,sn>l ,,x ,,up4 ,:at are we taught "h8 ,t 9 ! ecclesia/ical organizations :i* grew up "u ! h&s ( ! apo/les1 slav]y 0 admitt$ z a relation t did n violate ! ,*ri/ian fai?2 t ! relation may n[ 9 l mann] exi/2 t ! abuse ( x is ! ess5tial & fundam5tal wrong2 & ( c\rse1 t ,am]ican ,*ri/ians may hold _! own bre?r5 9 slav]y )\t incurr+ guilt or inflict+ injury4 ,?us1 accord+ to ,pr(4 ,/u>t1 ,jesus ,*ri/ has n a ^w to say aga9/ ! peculi> in/itutions ( ! ,s\?4 ,if our bre?r5 !re d n abuse ! privilege ( enact+ unpaid labor1 !y may multiply _! slaves to _! he>ts' cont5t1 )\t expos+ !mselves to ! fr[n ( ! ,savior or lay+ _! ,*ri/ian "* op5 to ! lea/ suspicion4 ,c\ld any traffick] 9 human fle% ask = great] latitude6 ,& to su* doctr9es1 ,dr4 ,fisk eag]ly & e>ne/ly subscribes4 ,he goes fur!r4 ,he urges x on ! att5tion ( 8 bre?r51 z conta9+ important tru?1 :i* !y ought to embrace4 ,accord+ to him1 x is ,bible doctr9e1 %[+1 t ! abolitioni/s are on a wrong c\rse1 & mu/1 if !y w\ld succe$1 take a diff]5t position4 ,we n[ ref] to su* di/+ui%$ names1 to %[1 t 9 attempt+ to prove t ,jesus ,*ri/ is n 9 favor ( ,am]ican slav]y1 we cont5d ) some?+ else ?an a man ( /raw4 ,! ungrateful task1 :i* a p>ticul> exam9ation ( ,pr(essor ,/u>t's lett] lays ^u u1 we hope fairly to dispose ( 9 due season4 ,en\gh has n[ be5 said to make x cle> & c]ta91 t ,am]ican slav]y has its apologi/s & advocates 9 ! nor!rn pulpit2 advocates & apologi/s1 :o fall beh9d few if any ( _! bre?r5 9 ! reputation !y h acquir$1 ! /ations !y occupy1 & ! g5]al influ5ce !y are suppos$ to ex]t4 ,is x s8 ,did slav]y exi/ 9 ,judea1 & among ! ,jews1 9 its wor/ =m1 dur+ ! ,savior's inc>nation8 ,if ! ,jews held slaves1 !y mu/ h done 9 op5 & flagrant violation ( ! lett] & ! _s ( ! ,mosaic ,disp5sation4 ,:oev] has any d\bts ( ?is may well resolve 8 d\bts 9 ! light ( ! ,argum5t entitl$ ,! ,bible aga9/ ,slav]y4 ,if1 aft] a c>eful & ?or\gh exam9ation ( t article1 he c believe t slavehold+ prevail$ dur+ ! m9i/ry ( ,jesus ,*ri/ among ! ,jews & 9 accordance ) ! au?ority ( ,moses1 he w\ld d ! read+ public an important s]vice to record ! gr\nds ( 8 belief--especially 9 a fair & full refutation ( t ,argum5t4 ,till t is done1 we hold ourselves excus$ f attempt+ to prove :at we n[ repeat1 t if ! ,jews dur+ our ,savior's inc>nation held slaves1 !y mu/ h done s 9 op5 & flagrant violation ( ! lett] & _s ( ! ,mosaic ,disp5sation4 ,c\ld ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les e :]e among _! c\ntrym5 come 9 contact ) slavehold+1 be+ z x 0 a gross violation ( t law :i* _! (fice & _! pr(ession requir$ !m to honor & en=ce1 )\t expos+ & condemn+ x8 ,9 its wor/ =ms1 we are told1 slav]y prevail$ ov] ! :ole _w1 n except+ ,judea4 ,z1 accord+ to su* ecclesia/ics z ,/u>t1 ,hodge & ,fisk1 slav]y 9 itself is n bad at all1 ! t]m wor/ c\ld be appli$ only to abuses ( ?is innoc5t relation4 ,slav]y accord+ly exi/$ among ! ,jews1 disfigur$ & disgrac$ by ! wor/ abuses to :i* x is liable4 ,^! abuses 9 ! anci5t _w1 ,pr(essor ,/u>t describes z horrible cruelties4 ,& 9 our own c\ntry1 su* abuses h gr[n s rank1 z to lead a di/+ui%$ eye-witness--no less a philosoph] & /atesman ?an ,?omas ,jeff]son--to say1 t !y _h arm$ aga9/ u e attribute ( ! ,almighty4 ,) ^! ?+s ! ,savior e :]e came 9 contact1 among ! p to ^: improvem5t & salvation he devot$ 8 liv+ p[]s1 & yet n a ^w1 n a syllable1 9 exposure & condemnation ( su* horrible cruelties escap$ 8 lips6 ,he saw--among ! cov5ant p ( ,jehovah he saw1 ! babe pluck$ f ! bosom ( its "m2 ! wife torn f ! embrace ( h] husb&2 ! daught] driv5 to ! m>ket by ! sc\rge ( h] own fa!r2--he saw ! ^w ( ,god seal$ up f ^? :o1 ( all m51 7 especially entitl$ to its enlight5+1 quick5+ influ5ce2--nay1 he saw m5 beat5 = kneel+ be=e ! ?rone ( heav5ly m]cy2--su* ?+s he saw )\t a ^w ( admonition or repro(6 ,no sympa?y ) !m :o suff]$ wrong--no indignation at !m :o inflict$ wrong1 mov$ 8 he>t6 ,f ! alleg$ sil5ce ( ! ,savior1 :5 9 contact ) slav]y among ! ,jews1 our div9es inf]1 t x is q consi/5t ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,& !y affirm1 t he saw x 9 its wor/ =ms2 t is1 he witness$ :at ,pr(essor ,/u>t v5tures to call horrible cruelties4 ,b :at "r h ^! int]pret]s ( ! sacr$ volume to reg>d any =m ( slav]y :i* ! ,savior f\nd1 z wor/1 or ev5 bad8 ,accord+ to _! inf]5ce--:i* !y w\ld ?ru/ gag-wise into ! m\?s ( abolitioni/s--8 sil5ce %\ld seal up _! lips4 ,!y ought to hold _! tongues4 ,!y h no "r to call any =m ( slav]y bad--an abuse2 mu* less1 horribly cruel6 ,_! inf]5ce is broad en\gh to protect ! mo/ brutal driv] amid/ 8 deadlie/ inflictions6 ,,?9k ,,n ,,t ,i ,,am ,,come ,,to ,,de/roy ,,! ,,law ,,or ,,! ,,prophets2 ,i ,,am ,,n ,,come ,,to ,,de/roy1 ,,b ,,to ,,fulfil4 ,& did ! ,head ( ! new disp5sation1 !n1 fall s f> beh9d ! prophets ( ! old 9 a he>ty & effective reg>d = suff]+ humanity8 ,! =ms ( oppression :i* !y witness$1 excit$ _! compassion & ar\s$ _! indignation4 ,9 t]ms ! mo/ po9t$ & p[]ful1 !y expos$1 d5\nc$1 ?reat5$4 ,!y c\ld n endure ! creatures1 :o us$ _! neighbors' s]vice )\t wages1 & gave him n = 8 "w2#f :o impos$ heavy burd5s#g ^u _! fell[s1 & load$ !m ) ! b&s ( wick$ness2 :o1 hid+ !mselves f _! own fle%1 dis[n$ _! own mo!rs' *ildr54 ,pr(essions ( piety jo9$ ) ! oppression ( ! poor1 !y held up to univ]sal scorn & execration1 z ! dregs ( hypocrisy4 ,!y w>n$ ! creature ( su* pr(essions1 t he c\ld escape ! wra? ( ,jehovah only by he>t-felt rep5tance4 ,& yet1 accord+ to ! ecclesia/ics ) :om we h to d1 ! ,"l ( ^! prophets pass$ by 9 sil5ce j su* enormities z he comm&$ !m to expose & d5\nce6 ,e :]e1 he came 9 contact ) slav]y 9 its wor/ =ms--horrible cruelties =c$ !mselves ^u 8 notice2 b n a ^w ( rebuke or w>n+ did he utt]4 ,he saw a boy giv5 = a h>lot1 & a girl sold = w9e1 t !y might dr9k1#h )\t ! slighte/ feel+ ( displeasure1 or any m>k ( disapprobation6 ,to su* disgu/+ & horrible conclusions1 d ! argu+s :i*1 f ! haunts ( sacr$ lit]ature1 are inflict$ on our *ur*es1 lead u6 ,accord+ to !m1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 in/ead ( %9+ z ! light ( ! _w1 ext+ui%$ ! tor*es :i* 8 own prophets _h k9dl$1 & plung$ mank9d into ! palpable d>kness ( a />less midnight6 ,o savior1 9 pity to ?y suff]+ p1 let ?y temple be no long] us$ z a d5 ( ?ieves6 ,footnote #f3 ,j]emiah1 xxii4 #ac4 ,footnote #g3 ,isaiah1 lviii4 #f1 #g4 ,footnote #h3 ,joel1 iii4 #c4 ,,?\ ,,?\ghte/ ,,t ,i ,,0 ,,altoge!r ,,su* ,,an ,,"o ,,z ,,?yself4 ,9 pass+ by ! wor/ =ms ( slav]y1 ) :i* he e :]e came 9 contact among ! ,jews1 ! ,savior mu/ h be5 inconsi/5t ) himself4 ,he 0 commission$ to prea* glad tid+s to ! poor2 to heal ! brok5-he>t$2 to prea* deliv]ance to ! captives2 to set at lib]ty !m t are bruis$2 to prea* ! ye> ( ,jubilee4 ,9 accordance ) ?is commission1 he b\nd himself1 f ! e>lie/ date ( 8 inc>nation1 to ! poor1 by ! /ronge/ ties2 himself _h n :]e to lay 8 head2 he expos$ himself to misrepres5tation & abuse = 8 affectionate int]c\rse ) ! outca/s ( society2 he /ood up z ! advocate ( ! wid[1 d5\nc+ & doom+ ! he>tless ecclesia/ics1 :o _h made h] b]eavem5t a s\rce ( ga92 & 9 describ+ ! sc5es ( ! f9al judgm5t1 he select$ ! v p]sonification ( pov]ty1 disease & oppression1 z ! te/ by :i* our reg>d = him %\ld be det]m9$4 ,to ! poor & wret*$2 to ! degrad$ & despis$1 8 arms 7 ev] op54 ,!y _h 8 t5d]e/ sympa?ies4 ,!y _h 8 w>me/ love4 ,8 he>t's blood he p\r$ out ^u ! gr\nd = ! human family1 r$uc$ to ! deepe/ degradation1 & expos$ to ! heavie/ inflictions1 z ! slaves ( ! gr& usurp]4 ,& yet1 accord+ to our ecclesia/ics1 t class ( suff]]s :o _h be5 r$uc$ immeasurably bel[ e o!r %ape & =m ( degradation & di/ress2 :o _h be5 mo/ rudely ?ru/ out ( ! family ( ,adam1 & =c$ to h]d ) sw9e2 :o1 )\t ! slighte/ (f5ce1 _h be5 made ! foot/ool ( ! wor/ crim9als2 ^: te>s 7 _! meat night & day1 :ile1 "u nameless insults & kill+ injuries !y 7 cont9ually cry+1 ,o ,"l1 ,o ,"l3--?is class ( suff]]s1 & ?is alone1 our biblical expositors1 occupy+ ! high places ( sacr$ lit]ature1 w\ld make u believe ! compassionate ,savior coldly ov]look$4 ,n an emotion ( pity2 n a look ( sympa?y2 n a ^w ( consolation1 did 8 graci\s he>t prompt him to be/[ ^u !m6 ,he d5\nces damnation ^u ! dev\r] ( ! wid['s h\se4 ,b ! mon/]1 ^: trade x is to make wid[s & dev\r !m & _! babes1 he c calmly endure6 ,o ,savior1 :5 wilt ?\ /op ! m\?s ( su* blasphem]s6 ,,x ,,is ,,! ,,_s ,,t ,,quick5e?4 ,x seems t ?\gh1 accord+ to our ,pr9ceton pr(essor1 ! subject ( slav]y is h>dly allud$ to by ,*ri/ 9 any ( 8 p]sonal in/ructions1#i he _h a way ( treat+ x4 ,:at 0 t8 ,:y1 he taught ! true nature1 ,,dignity1 ,,equality1 & de/9y ( m51 & inculcat$ ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice & love4#aj ,& accord+ to ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 ! maxims :i* our ,savior furni%$1 decide aga9/ ! !ory ( slav]y4 ,all1 !n1 t ^! ecclesia/ical apologi/s = slav]y c make ( ! ,savior's alleg$ sil5ce is1 t he did n1 9 8 p]sonal in/ructions1 apply 8 own pr9ciples to ?is p>ticul> =m ( wick$ness4 ,= wick$ t mu/ be1 :i* ! maxims ( ! ,savior decide aga9/1 & :i* our ,pr9ceton pr(essor assures u ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel1 duly act$ on1 w\ld spe$ily ext+ui%4#aa ,h[ rem>kable x is1 t a tea*] %\ld h>dly allude to a subject 9 any ( 8 p]sonal in/ructions1 & yet inculcate pr9ciples :i* h a direct & vital be>+ ^u x6--%\ld s conduct1 z to ju/ify ! inf]5ce1 t slavehold+ is n a crime1#ab & at ! same "t l5d its au?ority = its spe$y ext9ction6 ,footnote #i3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 7already allud$ to17 p4#i4 ,footnote #aj3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 p4 #i4 ,footnote #aa3 ,! same1 p4 #cd4 ,footnote #ab3 ,! same1 p4 #ac4 ,high] au?ority ?an su/a9s self-evid5t tru?s !re _c be4 ,z =ms ( reason1 !y are rays f ! face ( ,jehovah4 ,n only are _! pres5ce & p[] self-manife/$1 b !y also %$ a /rong & cle> light ar\nd !m4 ,9 _! light1 o!r tru?s are visible4 ,lum9>ies !mselves1 x is _! (fice to enlight54 ,to _! au?ority1 9 e dep>tm5t ( ?\ght1 ! same m9d b[s promptly1 gratefully1 fully4 ,& by _! au?ority1 he expla9s1 proves1 & disposes ( :atev] engages 8 att5tion & engrosses 8 p[]s z a reasonable & reason+ creature4 ,= :at1 :5 ?us employ$ & :5 mo/ successful1 is ! utmo/ he c accompli%8 ,:y1 to make ! conclusions :i* he w\ld e/abli% & comm5d1 cle> 9 ! light ( reason2--9 o!r words1 to ev9ce t !y are reasonable4 ,he expects t ^? ) :om he has to d w ackn[l$ge ! au?ority ( pr9ciple--w see :atev] is exhibit$ 9 ! light ( reason4 ,if !y require him to g fur!r1 &1 9 ord] to conv9ce !m1 to d some?+ m ?an %[ t ! doctr9es he ma9ta9s1 & ! me?ods he proposes1 are accordant ) reason--are illu/rat$ & support$ ) self-evid5t tru?s--!y are pla9ly beside !mselves4 ,!y h lo/ ! use ( reason4 ,!y are n to be argu$ )4 ,!y belong to ! mad-h\se4 ,,come ,,n[1 ,,let ,,u ,,reason ,,toge!r1 ,,sai? ,,! ,,"l4 ,are we to honor ! ,bible1 :i* ,pr(essor ,/u>t qua9tly calls ! good old book1 by turn+ away f self-evid5t tru?s to receive its in/ructions8 ,c ^! tru?s be contradict$ or d5i$ !re8 ,d we se>* = some?+ !re to obscure _! cle>ness1 or break _! =ce1 or r$uce _! au?ority8 ,d we long to f9d some?+ !re1 9 ! =m ( premises or conclusions1 ( argu+ or ( inf]5ce1 9 broad /atem5t or bl9d h9ts1 cre$-wise or fact-wise1 :i* may set u free f ! light & p[] ( fir/ pr9ciples8 ,& :at if we 7 to discov] :at we 7 ?us 9 se>* (8--some?+ directly or indirectly1 expressly or impli$ly prejudicial to ! pr9ciples1 :i* reason1 plac+ u "u ! au?ority (1 makes self-evid5t8 ,9 :at e/imation1 9 t case1 %\ld we be con/ra9$ to hold ! ,bible8 ,c\ld we long] honor x z ! book ( ,god8 ,! book ( ,god oppos$ to ! au?ority ( ,,reason6 ,:y1 be=e :at tribunal d we dispose ( ! claims ( ! sacr$ volume to div9e au?ority8 ,! tribunal ( reason4 ,?is e "o ackn[l$ges ! mom5t he beg9s to reason on ! subject4 ,& :at mu/ reason d ) a book1 :i* r$uces ! au?ority ( its own pr9ciples--breaks ! =ce ( self-evid5t tru?s8 ,is he n1 by way ( em95ce1 ! apo/le ( infidelity1 :o1 z a m9i/] ( ! gospel or a pr(essor ( sacr$ lit]ature1 ex]ts himself1 ) :atev] arts ( +5uity or %[ ( piety1 to exalt ! ,bible at ! exp5se ( reason8 ,let su* arts succe$ & su* piety prevail1 & ,jesus ,*ri/ is crucifi$ afre% & put to an op5 %ame4 ,:at sai? ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor8 ,:y1 9 spite ( g5]al pr9ciples1 & cle> z we may ?9k ! argum5ts aga9/ ,,despotism1 !re h be5 ?\s&s ( ,,enlight5$ & good m51 :o hone/ly believe x to be ( all =ms ( gov]nm5t ! be/ & mo/ acceptable to ,god4#ac ,n[ ^! good m5 mu/ h be5 ?us w>mly 9 favor ( despotism1 9 consequ5ce (1 or 9 opposition to1 _! be+ enlight5$4 ,9 o!r words1 ! light1 :i* 9 su* abundance !y enjoy$1 conduct$ !m to ! position 9 favor ( despotism1 :]e ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor s he>tily %ook h&s ) !m1 or !y mu/ h =c$ _! way !re 9 despite ( its hall[$ influ5ce4 ,ei!r 9 accordance )1 or 9 resi/ance to ! light1 !y became :at he f\nd !m--! advocates ( despotism4 ,if 9 resi/ance to ! light--& he says !y 7 enlight5$ m5--:at1 s f> z ! subject ) :i* alone he & we are n[ conc]n$1 becomes ( _! hone/y & goodness8 ,good & hone/ resi/]s ( ! light1 :i* 0 freely p\r$ ar\nd !m6 ,( su*1 :at says ,pr(essor ,/u>t's good old ,book8 ,_! au?ority1 :]e g5]al pr9ciples comm& ! lea/ respect1 mu/ be small inde$4 ,b if 9 accordance ) ! light1 !y h become ! advocates ( despotism1 !n is despotism ! be/ =m ( gov]nm5t & mo/ acceptable to ,god4 ,x is su/a9$ by ! au?ority ( reason1 by ! ^w ( ,jehovah1 by ! w ( ,heav56 ,if ?is be ! doctr9e :i* prevails at c]ta9 !ological sem9>ies1 x mu/ be easy to acc\nt = ! _s :i* !y brea!1 & ! g5]al influ5ce :i* !y ex]t4 ,:y did n ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor place ?is g5]al pr9ciple z a %ield1 heav5-wr\ght & reason approv$1 ov] t *]i%$ =m ( despotism :i* prevails among ! *ur*es ( ! ,s\?1 & leave ! peculi> in/itutions he is s =w>d to def5d1 "u its protection8 ,footnote #ac3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 p4 #ab4 ,:at is ! g5]al pr9ciple to :i*1 :atev] may become ( despotism1 ) its hone/ admir]s & enlight5$ support]s1 human gov]nm5ts %\ld be univ]sally & c>efully adju/$8 ,cle>ly ?is--t z capable (1 man is entitl$ to1 self gov]nm5t4 ,& ?is is a specific =m ( a /ill m g5]al pr9ciple1 :i* may well be pron\nc$ self-evid5t--t e ?+ %\ld be treat$ accord+ to its nature4 ,! m9d t c d\bt ?is1 mu/ be incapable ( rational conviction4 ,man1 !n1--x is ! dictate ( reason1 x is ! voice ( ,jehovah--mu/ be treat$ z a man4 ,:at is he8 ,:at are 8 di/9ctive attributes8 ,! ,creator impress$ 8 own image on him4 ,9 ?is 7 f\nd ! gr& peculi>ities ( 8 "*4 ,"h %one 8 glory4 ,"h ,,reason manife/s its laws4 ,"h ! ,,w puts =? its volitions4 ,"h is ! cr[n ( ,,immortality4 ,:y su* end[m5ts8 ,?us furni%$--! image ( ,jehovah--is he n capable ( self-gov]nm5t8 ,& is he n to be s treat$8 ,)9 ! sph]e :]e ! laws ( reason place him1 may he n act accord+ to 8 *oice--c>ry out 8 own volitions8--may he n enjoy life1 exult 9 fre$om1 & pursue z he w ! pa? ( bless$ness8 ,if n1 :y 0 he s creat$ & end[$8 ,:y ! my/]i\s1 awful attribute ( w8 ,to be a s\rce1 pr(\nd z ! dep?s ( hell1 ( exquisite mis]y1 ( ke5 angui%1 ( insuff]able torm5t6 ,0 man1 =m$ accord+ to ! image ( ,jehovah1 to be cross$1 ?w>t$1 c\nt]act$2 to be =c$ 9 ^u himself2 to be ! sport ( endless contradictions2 to be driv5 back & =? =ev] betwe5 mutually repellant =ces2 & all1 all at ! discretion ( ano!r6#ad ,h[ c man be treat$ accord+ to 8 nature1 z end[$ ) reason or w1 if exclud$ f ! p[]s & privileges ( self-gov]nm5t8--if despotism be let loose ^u him1 to deprive him ( p]sonal lib]ty1 oblige him to s]ve at ! discretion ( ano!r & ) ! p[] ( transf]r+ su* au?ority ov] him & su* claim ^u him1 to ano!r ma/]8 ,if ?\s&s ( enlight5$ & good m5 c s easily be f\nd1 :o are =w>d to support despotism z ( all gov]nm5ts ! be/ & mo/ acceptable to ,god1 we ne$ n wond] at ! te/imony ( univ]sal hi/ory1 t ! :ole creation groane? & travaile? 9 pa9 toge!r until n[4 ,groans & travail pangs mu/ cont9ue to be ! ord] ( ! day ?r\gh\t ! :ole creation1 till ! rod ( despotism be brok51 & man be treat$ z man--z capable (1 & entitl$ to1 self-gov]nm5t4 ,footnote #ad3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 p4 #ab4 ,b :at is ! despotism ^: horrid features our smoo? pr(essor tries to hide b5ea? an array ( cunn+ly select$ words & nicely-adju/$ s5t5ces8 ,x is ! despotism ( ,am]ican slav]y--:i* cru%es ! v life ( humanity out ( its victims1 & trans=ms !m to cattle6 ,at its t\*1 !y s9k f m5 to ?+s6 ,slaves1 sai? ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 7 prop]ty 9 ,greece & ,rome4 ,t decides all que/ions ab\t _! relation4 ,yes1 truly4 ,& slaves 9 republican ,am]ica are prop]ty2 & z t easily1 cle>ly1 & def9itely settles all que/ions ab\t _! relation1 :y %\ld ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor h put himself to ! tr\ble ( weav+ a def9ition equally +5i\s & inadequate--at once subtle & deceitful4 ,ah1 :y8 ,0 he will+ ?us to conceal ! wrongs ( 8 "m's *ildr5 ev5 f himself8 ,if among ! figm5ts ( 8 bra91 he c\ld fa%ion slaves1 & make !m some?+ else ?an prop]ty1 he knew full well t a v diff]5t patt]n 0 9 use among ! s\!rn patri>*s4 ,:y did he n1 9 pla9 words & sob] e>ne/1 & good fai?1 describe ! ?+ z x 01 in/ead ( employ+ honi$ words & c\rtly phrases1 to set =? ) all becom+ vagu5ess & ambiguity1 :at might possibly be suppos$ to exi/ 9 ! regions ( fancy4 ,,= ,,rul]s ,,are ,,n ,a ,,t]ror ,,to ,,good ,,works1 ,,b ,,to ,,! ,,evil4 ,b are we1 9 ma9ta9+ ! pr9ciple ( self-gov]nm5t1 to ov]look ! unripe1 or neglect$1 or brok5 p[]s ( any ( our fell[-m5 ) :om we may be connect$8--or ! /rong passions1 vici\s prop5sities1 or crim9al pursuits ( o!rs8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,b 9 provid+ = _! welf>e1 we are to ex]t influ5ces & impose re/ra9ts suit$ to _! "*4 ,9 wield+ ^? pr]ogatives :i* ! social ( our nature au?orizes u to employ = _! b5efit1 we are to reg>d !m z !y are 9 tru?1 n ?+s1 n cattle1 n articles ( m]*&ize1 b m51 our fell[-m5--reflect+1 f h[ev] batt]$ & brok5 a surface1 reflect+ ) u ! image ( a common ,fa!r4 ,& ! great pr9ciple ( self-gov]nm5t is to be ! basis1 to :i* ! :ole /ructure ( discipl9e "u :i* !y may be plac$1 %\ld be adapt$4 ,f ! nurs]y & village s*ool on to ! "w-h\se & /ate-prison1 ?is pr9ciple is ev] & 9 all ?+s to be be=e ! eyes1 pres5t 9 ! ?\ghts1 w>m on ! he>t4 ,o!rwise1 ,god is insult$1 :ile 8 image is despis$ & abus$4 ,yes1 inde$2 we rememb]1 t 9 c>ry+ out ! pr9ciple ( self-gov]nm5t1 multipli$ emb>rassm5ts & ob/ructions gr[ out ( wick$ness on ! "o h& & passion on ! o!r4 ,su* difficulties & ob/acles we are f> en\gh f ov]look+4 ,b :]e are !y to be f\nd8 ,are imbecility & wick$ness1 bad he>ts & bad heads1 conf9$ to ! bottom ( society8 ,alas1 ! weake/ ( ! weak1 & ! desp]ately wick$1 (t5 occupy ! high places ( ! e>?1 r$uc+ e ?+ )9 _! rea* to subs]vi5cy to ! f\le/ purposes4 ,nay1 ! v p[] !y h usurp$1 has (t5 be5 ! *ief in/rum5t ( turn+ _! heads1 inflam+ _! passions1 corrupt+ _! he>ts4 ,all ! _w kn[s1 t ! possession ( arbitr>y p[] has a /rong t5d5cy to make m5 %amelessly wick$ & insuff]ably mis*iev\s4 ,& ?is1 :e!r ! vassals ov] :om !y dom9e]1 be few or _m4 ,if y _c tru/ man ) himself1 w y put 8 fell[s "u 8 control8--& flee f ! inconv5i5ces incid5t to self-gov]nm5t1 to ! horrors ( despotism8 ,,?\ ,,t ,,prea*e/ ,a ,,man ,,%\ld ,,n ,,/eal1 ,,do/ ,,?\ ,,/eal4 ,is ! slavehold]1 ! mo/ absolute & %ameless ( all despots1 to be entru/$ ) ! discipl9e ( ! injur$ m5 :o he himself has r$uc$ to cattle8--) ! discipl9e ) :i* !y are to be prep>$ to wield ! p[]s & enjoy ! privileges ( freem58 ,alas1 ( su* discipl9e z he c furni%1 9 ! relation ( own] to prop]ty1 !y h _h en\gh4 ,f ?is sprang ! v ignorance & vice1 :i* 9 ! view ( _m1 lie 9 ! way ( _! imm$iate enfran*isem5t4 ,he x is1 :o has d>k5$ _! eyes & crippl$ _! p[]s4 ,& are !y to look to him = illum9ation & r5ew$ vigor6--& expect grapes f ?orns & figs f ?i/les6 ,heav5 =bid6 ,:51 accord+ to arrangem5ts :i* _h usurp$ ! sacr$ "n ( law1 he cons5t$ to receive & use !m z prop]ty1 he =feit$ all claims to ! e/eem & confid5ce1 n only ( ! helpless suff]]s !mselves1 b also ( e philan?ropi/4 ,9 becom+ a slavehold]1 he became ! enemy ( mank9d4 ,! v act 0 a decl>ation ( w> ^u human nature4 ,:at less c be made ( ! process ( turn+ m5 to cattle8 ,x is rank absurdity--x is ! height ( madness1 to propose to employ him to tra91 = ! places ( freem51 ^? :om he has wantonly robb$ ( e "r--:om he has /ol5 f !mselves4 ,soon] place ,burke1 :o us$ to murd] = ! sake ( sell+ bodies to ! dissector1 at ! head ( a hospital4 ,:y1 :at h our slavehold]s be5 ab\t ^! two hundr$ ye>s8 ,h !y n be5 con/antly & e>ne/ly engag$ 9 ! "w ( education8--tra9+ up _! human cattle8 ,& h[8 ,?omas ,jeff]son %all answ]4 ,! :ole comm]ce betwe5 ma/] & slave1 is a p]petual ex]cise ( ! mo/ boi/]\s passions2 ! mo/ unremitt+ despotism on ! "o "p1 & degrad+ submission on ! o!r4 ,is ?is ! way to fit ! unprep>$ = ! duties & privileges ( ,am]ican citiz5s8 ,w ! evils ( ! dreadful process be dim9i%$ by add+ to its l5g?8 ,:at1 9 #ahah1 0 ! unanim\s te/imony ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*8 ,:y1 aft] describ+ a v>iety ( influ5ces gr[+ out ( slav]y1 mo/ fatal to m5tal & moral improvem5t1 ! ,g5]al ,assembly assure u1 t su* consequ5ces are n imag9>y1 b connect !mselves ,,) ,,! ,,v ,,exi/5ce#ae ( slav]y4 ,! evils to :i* ! slave is always expos$1 (t5 take place 9 fact1 & ,,9 ,,_! ,,v ,,wor/ ,,degree ,,& ,,=m2 & :]e all ( !m d n take place1 /ill ! slave is depriv$ ( 8 natural "r1 degrad$ z a human be+1 & expos$ to ! dang] ( pass+ into ! h&s ( a ma/] :o may inflict ^u him all ! h>d%ips & injuries :i* inhumanity & av>ice may sugge/4 ,is ?is ! condition 9 :i* our ecclesia/ics w\ld keep ! slave1 at lea/ a little long]1 to fit him to be re/or$ to himself8 ,footnote #ae3 ,! words "h m>k$ z emphatic1 7 s di/+ui%$ by ourselves4 ,,& ,,!y ,,/opp$ ,,_! ,,e>s4 ,! me?ods ( discipl9e "u :i*1 z slavehold]s2 ! ,s\?rons n[ place _! human cattle1 !y ) "o cons5t & 9 great wra?1 =bid u to exam9e4 ,! /atesman & ! prie/ unite 9 ! assurance1 t ^! me?ods are none ( our bus9ess4 ,nay1 !y give u di/9ctly to und]/&1 t if we come among !m to take obs]vations1 & make inquiries1 & discuss que/ions1 !y w dispose ( u z outlaws4 ,no?+ w avail to protect u f spe$y & deadly viol5ce6 ,:at inf]5ce does all ?is w>rant8 ,surely1 n t ! me?ods :i* !y employ are happy & wor?y ( univ]sal application4 ,if s1 :y d !y n take ! praise1 & give u ! b5efit ( _! wisdom1 ent]prise1 & success8 ,:o1 t has no?+ to hide1 practices concealm5t8 ,he t doe? tru? come? to ! light1 t 8 de$s may be manife/1 t !y are wr\ght 9 ,god4 ,is ?is ! way ( slavehold]s8 ,d>kness !y c\rt--!y w h d>kness4 ,d\btless because _! de$s are evil4 ,c we confide 9 me?ods = ! b5efit ( our enslav$ bre?r51 :i* x is dea? = u to exam9e8 ,:at good ev] came1 :at good c we expect1 f de$s ( d>kness8 ,did ! influ5ce ( ! ma/]s contribute any ?+ 9 ! ,we/ ,indies to prep>e ! appr5tices = enfran*isem5t8 ,nay1 v]ily4 ,all ! _w kn[s bett]4 ,!y did :at 9 !m lay1 to turn back ! tide ( bless+s1 :i*1 ?r\gh emancipation1 0 p\r+ 9 ^u ! fami%+ ar\nd !m4 ,are n ! be/ m9ds & he>ts 9 ,engl& n[ ?or\ghly conv9c$1 t slav]y1 "u no modification1 c be a s*ool = fre$om8 ,we say su* ?+s to ! _m :o allege1 t slaves _c at once be entru/$ ) ! p[]s & privileges ( self-gov]nm5t4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 !y _c be bett] qualifi$ "u ! influ5ce ( slav]y4 ,t mu/ be brok5 up f :i* _! ignorance1 & vici\sness1 & wret*$ness proce$$4 ,t :i* c only d :at x has always done1 pollute & degrade1 mu/ n be employ$ to purify & elevate4 ,! l[] _! "* & condition1 ! l\d]1 cle>]1 /]n]1 ! j dem& = imm$iate emancipation4 ,! plague-smitt5 suff]] c d]ive no b5efit f brea?+ a little long] an infect$ atmosph]e4 ,9 ?us ref]r+ to elem5tal pr9ciples--9 ?us avail+ ourselves ( ! light ( self-evid5t tru?s--we b[ to ! au?ority & tread 9 ! foot-pr9ts ( ! great ,tea*]4 ,he *id ^? ar\nd him = refus+ to make ! same use ( _! reason 9 promot+ _! spiritual1 z !y made 9 promot+ _! temporal welf>e4 ,he gives !m di/9ctly to und]/&1 t !y ne$ n g out ( !mselves to =m a j e/imation ( _! position1 duties1 & prospects1 z /&+ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,messiah4 ,:y1 ,,ev5 ,,( ,,y\rselves1 he dem&s ( !m1 judge ye n :at is "r8#af ,h[ c\ld !y1 unless !y _h a cle> light1 & an infallible /&>d )9 !m1 :]eby1 amid/ ! relations !y su/a9$ & ! int]e/s !y _h to provide =1 !y might discrim9ate betwe5 tru? & falsehood1 "r & wrong1 :at !y ought to attempt & :at !y ought to es*ew8 ,f ?is po9t$1 significant appeal ( ! ,savior1 x is cle> & c]ta91 t 9 human consci\sness may be f\nd self-evid5t tru?s1 self-manife/$ pr9ciples2 t e man1 /udy+ 8 own consci\sness1 is b\nd to recognize _! pres5ce & au?ority1 & 9 sob] e>ne/ & good fai? to apply !m to ! highe/ practical conc]ns ( life & godl9ess4 ,x is 9 ob$i5ce to ! ,bible1 t we apply self-evid5t tru?s1 & walk 9 ! light ( g5]al pr9ciples4 ,:5 our fa!rs proclaim$ ^! tru?s1 & at ! haz>d ( _! prop]ty1 reputation1 & life1 /ood up 9 _! def5ce1 !y did homage to ! sacr$ ,scriptures--!y honor$ ! ,bible4 ,9 t volume1 n a syllable c be f\nd to ju/ify t =m ( infidelity1 :i* 9 ! abus$ "n ( piety1 reproa*es u = practis+ ! lessons :i* nature tea*e?4 ,^! lessons1 ! ,bible requires u#ag rev]5tly to li/5 to1 e>ne/ly to appropriate1 & mo/ dilig5tly & fai?fully to act ^u 9 e direction1 & on all occasions4 ,footnote #af3 ,luke1 xii4 #eg4 ,footnote #ag3 ,cor4 xi4 #ad4 ,:y1 our ,savior goes s f> 9 do+ honor to reason1 z to enc\rage m5 univ]sally to dispose ( ! *>act]i/ic peculi>ities & di/9ctive features ( ! ,gospel 9 ! light ( its pr9ciples4 ,if any man w d 8 w1 he %all "k ( ! doctr9e1 :e!r x be ( ,god1 or :e!r ,i speak ( myself4#ah ,natural religion--! pr9ciples :i* nature reveals1 & ! lessons :i* nature tea*es--he ?us makes a te/ ( ! tru? & au?ority ( reveal$ religion4 ,s f> 0 he1 z a tea*]1 f %r9k+ f ! cle>e/ & mo/ pi]c+ rays ( reason--f call+ (f ! att5tion ( ^? ar\nd him f ! import1 be>+s1 & practical application ( g5]al pr9ciples4 ,& ^? :o w\ld h u escape f ! pressure ( self-evid5t tru?s1 by betak+ ourselves to ! doctr9es & precepts ( ,*ri/ianity1 :atev] airs ( piety !y may put on1 d f\l di%onor to ! ,savior ( mank9d4 ,footnote #ah3 ,john1 vii4 #ag4 ,& :at %all we say ( ! ,gold5 ,rule1 :i*1 accord+ to ! ,savior1 compreh5ds all ! precepts ( ! ,bible8 ,:atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d ye ev5 s to !m2 = ?is is ! law & ! prophets4 ,accord+ to ?is maxim1 9 human consci\sness1 univ]sally1 may be f\nd1 #a4 ,! /&>d :]eby1 9 all ! relations & circum/ances ( life1 we may det]m9e :at ,heav5 dem&s & expects ( u4 #b4 ,! j application ( ?is /&>d1 is practicable =1 & obligatory ^u1 e *ild ( ,adam4 #c4 ,! qualification requisite to a j application ( ?is rule to all ! cases 9 :i* we c be conc]n$1 is simply ?is--to reg>d all ! memb]s ( ! human family z our bre?r51 our equals4 ,9 o!r words1 ! ,savior "h tea*es u1 t 9 ! pr9ciples & laws ( reason1 we h an infallible guide 9 all ! relations & circum/ances ( life2 t no?+ c h9d] our foll[+ ?is guide1 b ! bias ( selfi%ness2 & t ! mom5t1 9 decid+ any moral "q1 we place ourselves 9 ! room ( our bro!r1 be=e ! b> ( reason1 we %all see :at decision ought to be pron\nc$4 ,does ?is1 9 ! ,savior1 look l flee+ self-evid5t tru?s6--l decry+ ! au?ority ( g5]al pr9ciples6--l exalt+ himself at ! exp5se ( reason6--l op5+ a refuge 9 ! ,gospel = ^? ^: practice is at v>iance ) ! dictates ( humanity6 ,:at !n is ! j application ( ! ,gold5 ,rule--t fundam5tal maxim ( ! ,gospel1 giv+ "* to1 & %$d+ light ^u1 all its precepts & arrangem5ts--to ! subject ( slav]y8--t we mu/ d to slaves z we w\ld be done by1 ,,z ,,slaves1 ! ,,relation itself be+ ju/ifi$ & cont9u$8 ,surely n4 ,a little reflection w enable u to see1 t ! ,gold5 ,rule rea*es f>!r 9 its dem&s1 & /rikes deep] 9 its influ5ces & op]ations4 ,! natural equality ( mank9d lies at ! v basis ( ?is great precept4 ,x obvi\sly requires e man to ackn[l$ge ano!r self 9 e o!r man4 ,) my p[]s & res\rces1 & 9 my appropriate circum/ances1 ,i am to recognize 9 any *ild ( ,adam :o may address me1 ano!r self 9 8 appropriate circum/ances & ) 8 p[]s & res\rces4 ,?is is ! natural equality ( mank9d2 & ?is ! ,gold5 ,rule requires u to admit1 def5d1 & ma9ta94 ,,:y ,,d ,,ye ,,n ,,und]/& ,,my ,,spee*2 ,,ev5 ,,because ,,ye ,,_c ,,he> ,,my ,,^w4 ,!y /rangely misund]/& & grossly misrepres5t ?is doctr9e1 :o *>ge ^u x ! absurdities & mis*iefs :i* any levell+ sy/em _c b produce4 ,9 all its be>+s1 t5d5cies1 & effects1 x is directly contr>y & p[]fully ho/ile to any su* sy/em4 ,,equality ,,( ,,rights1 ! doctr9e ass]ts2 & ?is necess>ily op5s ! way = v>iety ( condition4 ,9 o!r words1 e *ild ( ,adam has1 f ! ,creator1 ! inali5able "r ( wield+1 )9 reasonable limits1 8 own p[]s1 & employ+ 8 own res\rces1 accord+ to 8 own *oice2--! "r1 :ile he respects 8 social relations1 to promote z he w 8 own welf>e4 ,b m>k--,,8 ,,own p[]s & res\rces1 & ,,n ,,ano!r',s1 are ?us inali5ably put "u 8 control4 ,! ,creator makes e man free1 9 :atev] he may d1 to ex]t ,,himself1 & n ano!r4 ,"h no man may lawfully cripple or emb>rass ano!r4 ,! feeble may n h9d] ! /rong1 nor may ! /rong cru% ! feeble4 ,e man may make ! mo/ ( himself1 9 8 own prop] sph]e4 ,n[1 z 9 ! con/itutional end[m5ts2 & natural opportunities1 & lawful acquisitions ( mank9d1 inf9ite v>iety prevails1 s 9 ex]t+ ea* ,,himself1 9 8 own sph]e1 accord+ to 8 own *oice1 ! v>iety ( human condition c be little less ?an inf9ite4 ,?us equality ( rights op5s ! way = v>iety ( condition4 ,b ) all ?is v>iety ( make1 means1 & condition1 consid]$ individually1 ! *ildr5 ( ,adam are b\nd toge!r by /rong ties :i* c nev] be dissolv$4 ,!y are mutually unit$ by ! social ( _! nature4 ,h5ce mutual dep5d5ce & mutual claims4 ,:ile ea* is inali5ably entitl$ to ass]t & enjoy 8 own p]sonality z a man1 ea* su/a9s to all & all to ea*1 v>i\s relations4 ,:ile ea* owns & honors ! individual1 all are to own & honor ! social ( _! nature4 ,n[1 ! ,gold5 ,rule di/9ctly recognizes1 lays its requisitions ^u1 & ext5ds its obligations to1 ! :ole nature ( man1 9 8 individual capacities & social relations4 ,:at high] honor c\ld x d to man1 z an individual1 ?an to con/itute him ! judge1 by ^: decision1 :5 fairly r5d]$1 all ! claims ( 8 fell[s %\ld be au?oritatively & def9itely dispos$ (8 ,:atsoev] ,,ye ,,w\ld h done to y1 s d ye to o!rs4 ,e memb] ( ! family ( ,adam1 plac+ himself 9 ! position "h po9t$ out1 is compet5t & au?oriz$ to pass judgm5t on all ! cases 9 social life 9 :i* he may be conc]n$4 ,c\ld high] responsibilities or great] confid5ce be repos$ 9 m5 individually8 ,& !n1 h[ are _! claims ^u ea* o!r h]e9 magnifi$6 ,:at inh]5t wor? & solid dignity are ascrib$ to ! social ( _! nature6 ,9 e man ) :om ,i may h to d1 ,i am to recognize ! pres5ce ( ano!r self1 ^: case ,i am to make my own4 ,& ?us ,i am to dispose ( :atev] claims he may urge ^u me4 ,?us1 9 accordance ) ! ,gold5 ,rule1 mank9d are naturally br\ght1 9 ! volunt>y use ( _! p[]s & res\rces1 to promote ea* o!r's welf>e4 ,z 8 contribution to ?is great object1 x is ! inali5able bir?right ( e *ild ( ,adam1 to consecrate :atev] he may possess4 ,) exalt$ p[]s & l>ge res\rces1 he has a natural claim to a correspond5t field ( ef=t4 ,if 8 abilities are small1 8 task mu/ be easy & 8 burd5 light4 ,?us ! ,gold5 ,rule requires mank9d mutually to s]ve ea* o!r4 ,9 ?is s]vice1 ea* is to ex]t himself--employ 8 own p[]s1 lay out 8 own res\rces1 improve 8 own opportunities4 ,a division ( labor is ! natural result4 ,"o is rem>kable = 8 intellectual end[m5ts & acquisitions2 ano!r1 = 8 weal?2 & a ?ird1 = p[] & skill 9 us+ 8 muscles4 ,su* attributes1 endlessly v>i$ & div]sifi$1 proce$ f ! basis ( a common "*1 by virtue ( :i* all m5 & ea*--"o z truly z ano!r--are entitl$1 z a bir?right1 to life1 lib]ty1 & ! pursuit ( happ9ess4 ,ea* & all1 "o z well z ano!r1 may *oose 8 own modes ( contribut+ 8 %>e to ! g5]al welf>e1 9 :i* 8 own is involv$ & id5tifi$4 ,"u "o great law ( mutual dep5d5ce & mutual responsibility1 all are plac$--! /rong z well z ! weak1 ! ri* z mu* z ! poor1 ! le>n$ no less ?an ! unle>n$4 ,all br+ _! w>es1 ! products ( _! ent]prise1 skill & indu/ry1 to ! same m>ket1 :]e mutual ex*anges are freely effect$4 ,! fruits ( muscul> ex]tion procure ! fruits ( m5tal ef=t4 ,john s]ves ,?omas ) 8 h&s1 & ,?omas s]ves ,john ) 8 money4 ,pet] wields ! axe = ,james1 & ,james wields ! p5 = ,pet]4 ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 & ,caleb1 employ _! wisdom1 c\rage1 & exp]i5ce1 9 ! s]vice ( ! community1 & ! community s]ve ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 & ,caleb1 9 furni%+ !m ) food & raim5t1 & mak+ !m p>tak]s ( ! g5]al prosp]ity4 ,& all ?is by mutual und]/&+ & volunt>y arrangem5t4 ,& all ?is accord+ to ! ,gold5 ,rule4 ,:at !n becomes ( slav]y--a sy/em ( arrangem5ts 9 :i* "o man treats 8 fell[1 n z ano!r self1 b z a ?+--a *attel--an article ( m]*&ize1 :i* is n to be consult$ 9 any disposition :i* may be made ( x2--a sy/em :i* is built on ! annihilation ( ! attributes ( our common nature--9 :i* man do? to o!rs :at he w\ld soon] die ?an h done to himself8 ,! ,gold5 ,rule & slav]y are mutually subv]sive ( ea* o!r4 ,if "o /&s1 ! o!r mu/ fall4 ,! "o /rikes at ! v root ( ! o!r4 ,! ,gold5 ,rule aims at ! abolition ( ,,! ,,relation ,,itself1 9 :i* slav]y consi/s4 ,x lays its dem&s ^u e ?+ )9 ! scope ( human action4 ,to :atev] ,,m5 ,,d4 x ext5ds its au?ority4 ,& ! relation itself1 9 :i* slav]y consi/s1 is ! "w ( human h&s4 ,x is :at m5 h done to ea* o!r--contr>y to nature & mo/ injuri\s to ! g5]al welf>e4 ,?is ,,relation1 !re=e1 ! ,gold5 ,rule condemns4 ,:]ev] its au?ority prevails1 ?is relation mu/ be annihilat$4 ,mutual s]vice & slav]y--l light & d>kness1 life & dea?--are directly oppos$ to1 & subv]sive (1 ea* o!r4 ,! "o ! ,gold5 ,rule _c endure2 ! o!r x requires1 honors1 & blesses4 ,,love ,,worke? ,,no ,,ill ,,to ,,8 ,,neighbor4 ,l unto ! ,gold5 ,rule is ! second great comm&m5t--,?\ %alt love ?y neighbor z ?yself4 ,a c]ta9 lawy]1 :o seems to h be5 fond ( apply+ ! doctr9e ( limitation ( human obligations1 once dem&$ ( ! ,savior1 )9 :at limits ! mean+ ( ! ^w neighbor ought to be conf9$4 ,& :o is my neighbor8 ,! p>able ( ! good ,sam>itan set t matt] 9 ! cle>e/ light1 & made x manife/ & c]ta91 t e man :om we c\ld rea* ) our sympa?y & assi/ance1 0 our neighbor1 entitl$ to ! same reg>d :i* we *]i%$ = ourselves4 ,consi/5tly ) su* obligations1 c slav]y1 z a ,,relation1 be ma9ta9$8 ,is x !n a labor ( love--su* love z we *]i% = ourselves--to /rip a *ild ( ,adam ( all ! pr]ogatives & privileges :i* are 8 inali5able bir?right8 ,to obscure 8 reason1 cru% 8 w1 & trample on 8 immortality8--,to /rike home to ! inmo/ ( 8 be+1 & break ! he>t ( 8 he>t8--,to ?ru/ him out ( ! human family1 & dispose ( him z a *attel--z a ?+ 9 ! h&s ( an own]1 a bea/ "u ! la% ( a driv]8 ,all ?is1 ap>t f e ?+ incid5tal & extraord9>y1 belongs to ! ,,relation1 9 :i* slav]y1 z su*1 consi/s4 ,all ?is--well f$ or ill f$1 und]wr\ght or ov]wr\ght1 clo!d or nak$1 c>ess$ or kick$1 :e!r idle songs break f 8 ?\ghtless tongue or te>s be 8 meat night & day1 fondly *]i%$ or cruelly murd]$2--all ?is ,,ent]s ,,vitally ,,into ,,! ,,relation ,,itself1 by :i* e slave1 ,,z ,a ,,slave1 is set ap>t f ! re/ ( ! human family4 ,is x an ex]cise ( love1 to place our neighbor "u ! cru%+ weight1 ! kill+ p[]1 ( su* a relation8--to apply ! murd]\s /eel to ! v vitals ( 8 humanity8 ,,ye ,,!re=e ,,applaud ,,& ,,delight ,,9 ,,! ,,de$s ,,( ,,y\r ,,fa!rs2 ,,= ,,!y ,,kill$ ,,!m1 ,,& ,,ye ,,build ,,_! ,,sepul*res4#ai ,! slavehold] may eag]ly & l\dly d5y1 t any su* ?+ is *>geable ^u him4 ,he may confid5tly & e>ne/ly allege1 t he is n responsible = ! /ate ( society 9 :i* he is plac$4 ,slav]y 0 e/abli%$ be=e he began to brea!4 ,x 0 8 inh]itance4 ,8 slaves are 8 prop]ty by bir? or te/am5t4 ,b :y w he ?us deceive himself8 ,:y w he p]mit ! cunn+ & rapaci\s spid]s1 :i* 9 ! v sanctu>y ( e?ics & religion are labori\sly weav+ webs f _! own b[els1 to cat* him ) _! wret*$ sophi/ries8--& dev\r him1 body1 s\l1 & sub/ance8 ,let him "k1 z he mu/ "o day ) %ame & t]ror own1 t :oev] holds slaves is himself responsible = ! relation1 into :i*1 :e!r reluctantly or will+ly1 he ?us ent]s4 ,! relation _c be =c$ ^u him4 ,:at ?\gh ,elizabe? c\nt5anc$ ,john ,hawk9s 9 /eal+ ! natives ( ,africa8--:at ?\gh ,james1 & ,*>les1 & ,george1 op5$ a m>ket = !m 9 ! ,engli% colonies8--:at ?\gh mod]n ,dracos h fram$ mis*ief by law1 9 legaliz+ man-/eal+ & slavehold+8--:at ?\gh y\r ance/ors1 9 prep>+ to g to _! own place1 con/itut$ y ! own] ( ! neighbors :om !y _h us$ z cattle8--:at ( all ?is1 & z mu* m l ?is1 z c be drawn f ! hi/ory ( t dreadful process by :i* m5 are deem$1 held1 tak51 reput$1 & adjudg$ 9 law to be *attels p]sonal8 ,c all ?is =ce y to put ! cap ^u ! climax--to cl9* ! nail by do+ t1 )\t :i* no?+ 9 ! "w ( slave-mak+ w\ld be attempt$8 ,! slavehold] is ! s\l ( ! :ole sy/em4 ,)\t him1 ! *attel pr9ciple is a lifeless ab/raction4 ,)\t him1 *>t]s1 & m>kets1 & laws1 & te/am5ts1 are empty names4 ,& does he ?9k to escape responsibility8 ,:y1 kidnapp]s1 & s\l-driv]s1 & law-mak]s1 are no?+ b 8 ag5ts4 ,he is ! guilty pr9cipal4 ,let him look to x4 ,footnote #ai3 ,y jo9 ) !m 9 _! bloody "w4 ,!y murd]1 & y bury ! victims4 ,b :at c he d8 ,d8 ,keep 8 h&s (f 8 neighbor's ?roat4 ,let him refuse to f9i% & ratify ! process by :i* ! *attel pr9ciple is c>ri$ into effect4 ,let him refuse1 9 ! face ( d]ision1 & reproa*1 & opposition4 ,?\gh pov]ty %\ld fa/5 its bony h& ^u him1 & p]secution %oot =? its =k$ tongue2 :atev] may betide him--scorn1 flight1 flames--let him promptly & /eadfa/ly refuse4 ,bett] ! spite & hate ( m5 ?an ! wra? ( ,heav56 ,if ?y "r eye (f5d !e1 pluck x out & ca/ x f !e2 = x is pr(itable = !e1 t "o ( ?y memb]s %\ld p]i%1 & n t ?y :ole body %\ld be ca/ into hell4 ,pr(essor ,/ew>t admits1 t ! ,gold5 ,rule & ! second great comm&m5t decide aga9/ ! !ory ( slav]y1 z be+ 9 itself "r4 ,:at1 !n1 is _! relation to ! p>ticul> precepts1 in/itutions1 & usages1 :i* are au?oriz$ & enjo9$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t8 ,( all ^!1 !y are ! summ>y expression--! compreh5sive description4 ,no precept 9 ! ,bible1 en=c+ our mutual obligations1 c be m or less ?an ! application ( ^! injunctions to specific relations or p>ticul> occasions & conditions4 ,nei!r 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t nor ! ,new1 d prophets tea* or laws enjo91 any ?+ :i* ! ,gold5 ,rule & ! second great comm& d n conta94 ,:atev] !y =bid1 no o!r precept c require2 & :atev] !y require1 no o!r precept c =bid4 ,:at1 !n1 does he attempt1 :o turns ov] ! sacr$ pages to f9d some?+ 9 ! way ( p]mission or comm&1 :i* may set him free f ! obligations ( ! ,gold5 ,rule8 ,:at mu/ 8 objects1 me?ods1 _s be1 to =ce him to ent] ^u su* inquiries8--to compel him to se>* ! ,bible = su* a purpose8 ,c he h good int5tions1 or be well employ$8 ,is 8 frame ( m9d adapt$ to ! /udy ( ! ,bible8--to make its mean+ pla9 & welcome8 ,:at mu/ he ?9k ( ,god1 to se>* 8 ^w 9 que/ ( gross inconsi/5cies1 & grave contradictions6 ,inconsi/5t legislation 9 ,jehovah6 ,contradictory comm&s6 ,p]missions at w> ) prohibitions6 ,g5]al requirem5ts at v>iance ) p>ticul> arrangem5ts6 ,:at mu/ be ! moral "* ( any in/itution :i* ! ,gold5 ,rule decides aga9/8--:i* ! second great comm& condemns8 ,x _c b be wick$1 :e!r newly e/abli%$ or long ma9ta9$4 ,h[ev] x may be %ap$1 turn$1 color$--"u e modification & at all times--wick$ness mu/ be its prop] "*4 ,x mu/ be1 ,,9 ,,itself1 ap>t f its circum/ances1 ,,9 ,,its ,,ess5ce1 ap>t f its incid5ts1 ,,s9ful4 ,,?9k ,,n ,,to ,,say ,,)9 ,,y\rselves1 ,,we ,,h ,,abraham ,,= ,,our ,,fa!r4 ,9 dispos+ ( ^? precepts & exhortations :i* h a specific be>+ ^u ! subject ( slav]y1 x is greatly important1 nay1 absolutely ess5tial1 t we look =? ^u ! objects ar\nd u f ! "r po/ ( obs]vation4 ,our /& we mu/ take at "s c5tral po9t1 amid/ ! g5]al maxims & fundam5tal precepts1 ! kn[n circum/ances & *>act]i/ic arrangem5ts1 ( primitive ,*ri/ianity4 ,o!rwise1 wrong views & false conclusions w be ! result ( our /udies4 ,we _c1 !re=e1 be too e>ne/ 9 try+ to cat* ! g5]al features & preval5t _s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t in/itutions & arrangem5ts4 ,= to :at conclusions mu/ we come1 if we unwitt+ly pursue our inquiries "u ! bias ( ! prejudice1 t ! g5]al maxims ( social life :i* n[ prevail 9 ?is c\ntry1 7 curr5t1 on ! au?ority ( ! ,savior1 among ! primitive ,*ri/ians6 ,t1 = in/ance1 weal?1 /ation1 tal5ts1 are ! /&>d by :i* our claims ^u1 & our reg>d =1 o!rs1 %\ld be modifi$8--,t ^? :o are p9*$ by pov]ty1 worn by disease1 task$ 9 m5ial labors1 or m>k$ by features (f5sive to ! ta/e ( ! artificial & caprici\s1 are to be exclud$ f ^? refre%+ & elevat+ influ5ces :i* intellig5ce & ref9em5t may be expect$ to ex]t2 t ?us !y are to con/itute a class by !mselves1 & to be made to "k & keep _! place at ! v bottom ( society8 ,or1 :at if we %\ld ?9k & speak ( ! primitive ,*ri/ians1 z if !y _h ! same pecuni>y res\rces z ,heav5 has lavi%$ ^u ! ,am]ican *ur*es8--z if !y 7 z rem>kable = afflu5ce1 elegance1 & spl5dor8 ,or1 z if !y _h z high a position & z ext5sive an influ5ce 9 politics & lit]ature8--hav+ directly or indirectly1 ! control ov] ! high places ( le>n+ & ( p[]8 ,if we %\ld pursue our /udies & arrange our argum5ts--if we %\ld expla9 words & int]pret language--"u su* a bias1 :at mu/ inevitably be ! results8 ,:at w\ld be ! wor? ( our conclusions8 ,:at confid5ce c\ld be repos$ 9 any in/ruction we might und]take to furni%8 ,& is n ?is ! way 9 :i* ! advocates & apologi/s ( slav]y dispose ( ! be>+ :i* primitive ,*ri/ianity has ^u x8 ,!y fir/ ascribe1 unwitt+ly1 p]haps1 to ! primitive *ur*es2 ! "*1 relations1 & condition ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ianity1 & amid/ ! deep d>kness & /range confusion ?us produc$1 set ab\t int]pret+ ! language & expla9+ ! usages ( ! ,new ,te/am5t6 ,,s ,,t ,,ye ,,are ,,)\t ,,excuse4 ,among ! lessons ( in/ruction :i* our ,savior imp>t$1 hav+ a g5]al be>+ on ! subject ( slav]y1 t 9 :i* he sets up ! true /&>d ( greatness1 des]ves p>ticul> att5tion4 ,9 repress+ ! ambition ( 8 disciples1 he held up be=e !m ! me?ods by :i* alone heal?ful aspirations = em95ce c\ld be gratifi$1 & ?us set ! elem5ts ( true greatness 9 ! cle>e/ light4 ,ye "k1 t !y :i* are acc\nt$ to rule ov] ! ,g5tiles1 ex]cise lord%ip ov] !m2 & _! great ones ex]cise au?ority ^u !m4 ,b s %all x n be among y2 b :osoev] w be great among y1 %all be y\r m9i/]2 & :osoev] ( y w be ! *iefe/1 %all be s]vant ( all4 ,9 o!r words1 ?r\gh ! selfi%ness & pride ( mank9d1 ! maxim widely prevails 9 ! _w1 t x is ! privilege1 pr]ogative1 & m>k ( greatness1 ,,to ,,exact ,,s]vice2 t our sup]iority to o!rs1 :ile x au?orizes u to relax ! ex]tion ( our own p[]s1 gives u a fair title to ! use ( !irs2 t might1 :ile x exempts u f s]v+1 gives ! "r to be s]v$4 ,! in/ructions ( ! ,savior op5 ! way to greatness = u 9 ! opposite direction4 ,sup]iority to o!rs1 9 :atev] x may consi/1 gives u a claim to a wid] field ( ex]tion1 & dem&s ( u a l>g] am\nt ( s]vice4 ,we c be great only z we are useful4 ,& might gives "r to bless our fell[ m51 by improv+ e opportunity & employ+ e faculty1 affectionately1 e>ne/ly1 & unwe>i$ly1 9 _! s]vice4 ,?us ! great] ! man1 ! m active1 fai?ful1 & useful ! s]vant4 ,! ,savior has himself taught u h[ ?is doctr9e mu/ be appli$4 ,he bids u improve e opportunity & employ e p[]1 ev5 ?r\gh ! mo/ m5ial s]vices1 9 bless+ ! human family4 ,& to make ?is lesson %9e ^u our und]/&+s & move our he>ts1 he embodi$ 9 x a mo/ in/ructive & attractive example4 ,on a memorable occasion1 & j be=e 8 crucifixion1 he dis*>g$ = 8 disciples ! mo/ m5ial ( all (fices--tak+1 9 wa%+ _! feet1 ! place ( ! l[e/ s]vant4 ,he took great pa9s to make !m und]/&1 t only by imitat+ ?is example c\ld !y honor _! relations to him z _! ,ma/]2 t ?us only w\ld !y f9d !mselves bless$4 ,by :at possibility c\ld slav]y exi/ "u ! influ5ce ( su* a lesson1 set home by su* an example8 ,0 x :ile wa%+ ! disciples' feet1 t our ,savior au?oriz$ "o man to make a *attel ( ano!r8 ,to refuse to provide = ourselves by useful labor1 ! apo/le ,paul tea*es u to reg>d z a grave (f5ce4 ,aft] rem9d+ ! ,!ssalonian ,*ri/ians1 t 9 addition to all 8 (ficial ex]tions he _h ) 8 own muscles e>n$ 8 own bread1 he calls _! att5tion to an arrangem5t :i* 0 support$ by apo/olical au?ority1 t if any w\ld n "w1 nei!r %\ld he eat4 ,9 ! mo/ e>ne/ & solemn mann]1 & z a m9i/] ( ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 he comm&$ & exhort$ ^? :o neglect$ useful labor1 ) quietness to "w & eat _! own bread4 ,:at mu/ be ! be>+ ( all ?is ^u slav]y8 ,c\ld slav]y be ma9ta9$ :]e e man eat ! bread :i* himself _h e>n$8--:]e idl5ess 0 e/eem$ s great a crime1 z to be reckon$ wor?y ( />vation z a puni%m5t8 ,h[ c\ld unrequit$ labor be exact$1 or us$1 or ne$$8 ,mu/ n e "o 9 su* a community contribute 8 %>e to ! g5]al welf>e8--& mutual s]vice & mutual support be ! natural result8 ,! same apo/le1 9 writ+ to ano!r *ur*1 describes ! true s\rce :5ce ! means ( lib]ality ought to be d]iv$4 ,let him t /ole /eal no m2 b r let him labor1 work+ ) 8 h&s ! ?+ :i* is good1 t he may h to give to him t ne$e?4 ,let ?is lesson1 z f ! lips ( ,jehovah1 be proclaim$ ?r\gh\t ! l5g? & bread? ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a4 ,let x be univ]sally welcom$ & r$uc$ to practice4 ,let ?ieves give up :at !y _h /ol5 to ! lawful proprietors1 cease /eal+1 & beg9 at once to labor1 work+ ) _! h&s1 = necess>y & *>itable purposes4 ,c\ld slav]y1 9 su* a case1 cont9ue to exi/8 ,surely n6 ,in/ead ( exact+ unpaid s]vices f o!rs1 e man w\ld be busy1 ex]t+ himself n only to provide = 8 own wants1 b also to accumulate funds1 t he might h to give to ! ne$y4 ,slav]y mu/ disappe>1 root & bran*1 at once & =ev]4 ,9 describ+ ! s\rce :5ce 8 m9i/]s %\ld expect _! support1 ! ,savior furni%$ a g5]al pr9ciple1 :i* has an obvi\s & p[]ful be>+ on ! subject ( slav]y4 ,he w\ld h !m rememb]1 :ile ex]t+ !mselves = ! b5efit ( _! fell[ m51 t ! labor] is wor?y ( 8 hire4 ,he has ?us unit$ wages ) "w4 ,:oev] r5d]s ! "o is entitl$ to ! o!r4 ,& ?is manife/ly accord+ to a mutual und]/&+ & a volunt>y arrangem5t4 ,= ! doctr9e t ,i may =ce y to "w = me = :atev] consid]ation ,i may please to fix ^u1 fairly op5s ! way = ! doctr9e1 t y1 9 turn1 may =ce me to r5d] y :atev] wages y may *oose to exact = any s]vices y may see fit to r5d]4 ,?us slav]y1 ev5 z involunt>y s]vitude1 is cut up by ! root4 ,ev5 ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor seems to reg>d x z a violation ( ! pr9ciple :i* unites "w ) wages4 ,! apo/le ,james applies ?is pr9ciple to ! claims ( manual labor]s--( ^? :o hold ! pl\gh & ?ru/ 9 ! sickle4 ,he calls ! ri* lordl+s :o exact$ sweat & )held wages1 to weep+ & h[l+1 assur+ !m t ! compla9ts ( ! injur$ labor] _h ent]$ into ! e> ( ! ,"l ( ,ho/s1 & t1 z a result ( _! oppression1 _! ri*es 7 corrupt$1 & _! g>m5ts mo?-eat52 _! gold & silv] 7 cank]$2 t ! ru/ ( !m %\ld be a witness aga9/ !m1 & %\ld eat _! fle% z x 7 fire2 t1 9 "o ^w1 !y _h heap$ treasures toge!r = ! la/ days1 :5 mis]ies 7 com+ ^u !m1 ! prospect ( :i* might well dr5* !m 9 te>s & fill !m ) t]ror4 ,if ^! admonitions & w>n+s 7 he$$ !re1 w\ld n ! ,s\? break =? into weep+ & wail+1 & gna%+ ( tee?8 ,:at else are its ri* m5 ab\t1 b )hold+ by a sy/em ( fraud1 8 wages f ! labor]1 :o is we>+ himself out "u ! impulse ( fe>1 9 cultivat+ _! fields & produc+ _! luxuries6 ,enc\ragem5t & support d !y d]ive f ,james1 9 ma9ta9+ ! peculi> in/itution :i* !y call patri>*al1 & boa/ ( z ! corn]-/one ( ! republic8 ,9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 we h1 moreov]1 ! g5]al injunction1 ,honor all m54 ,"u ?is broad precept1 e =m ( humanity may ju/ly claim protection & respect4 ,! invasion ( any human "r mu/ d di%onor to humanity1 & be a transgression ( ?is comm&4 ,h[ !n1 9 ! light ( su* obligations1 mu/ slav]y be reg>d$8 ,are ^? m5 honor$1 :o are rudely exclud$ f a place 9 ! human family1 & %ut up to ! deep degradation & nameless horrors ( *attel%ip8 ,c !y be held z slaves1 & at ! same "t be honor$ z m58 ,h[ f>1 9 obey+ ?is comm&1 we are to g1 we may inf] f ! admonitions & in/ructions :i* ,james applies to ! arrangem5ts & usages ( religi\s assemblies4 ,into ^! he c n all[ respect ( p]sons to ent]4 ,my bre?r51 he exclaims1 h n ! fai? ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,"l ( glory1 ) respect ( p]sons4 ,= if !re come unto y\r assembly a man ) a gold r+1 9 goodly app>el2 & !re come 9 also a poor man 9 vile raim5t2 & ye h respect to him t we>e? ! gay clo?+1 & say unto him1 sit ?\ "h 9 a good place2 & say to ! poor1 /& ?\ !re1 or sit "h "u my foot/ool2 are ye n !n p>tial 9 y\rselves1 & are become judges ( evil ?\ghts8 ,if ye h respect to p]sons1 ye commit s91 & are conv9c$ ( ! law z transgressors4 ,on ?is g5]al pr9ciple1 !n1 religi\s assemblies ought to be regulat$--t e man is to be e/imat$1 n accord+ to 8 circum/ances--n accord+ to any?+ incid5tal to 8 condition2 b accord+ to 8 moral wor?--accord+ to ! ess5tial features & vital elem5ts ( 8 "*4 ,gold r+s & gay clo?+1 z !y qualify no man =1 c entitle no man to1 a good place 9 ! *ur*4 ,nor c ! vile raim5t ( ! poor man1 fairly exclude him f any sph]e1 h[ev] exalt$1 :i* 8 he>t & head may fit him to fill4 ,to d5y ?is1 9 !ory or practice1 is to degrade a man bel[ a ?+2 = :at are gold r+s1 or gay clo?+1 or vile raim5t1 b ?+s1 :i* p]i% ) ! us+8 ,& ?is mu/ be to commit s91 & be conv9c$ ( ! law z transgressor4 ,9 slav]y1 we h respect ( p]sons1 /rongly m>k$1 & r$uc$ to sy/em4 ,"h m5 are despis$ n m]ely = ! vile raim5t1 :i* may cov] _! sc>r$ bodies4 ,?is is bad en\gh4 ,b ! deepe/ contempt ( humanity "h gr[s out ( bir? or complexion4 ,vile raim5t may be1 (t5 is1 ! result ( indol5ce1 or improvid5ce1 or extravagance4 ,x may be1 (t5 is1 an index ( "*4 ,b h[ c ,i be responsible = ! incid5ts ( my bir?8--h[ = my complexion8 ,to despise or honor me = ^!1 is to be guilty ( respect ( p]sons 9 its grosse/ =m1 & ) its wor/ effects4 ,x is to rew>d or puni% me = :at ,i _h no?+ to d )2 = :i*1 !re=e1 ,i _c1 )\t ! greate/ inju/ice1 be held responsible4 ,x is to poison ! v f\nta9s ( ju/ice1 by conf\nd+ all moral di/9ctions4 ,:at1 !n1 s f> z ! au?ority ( ! ,new ,te/am5t is conc]n$1 becomes ( slav]y1 :i* _c be ma9ta9$ "u any =m nor = a s+le mom5t1 )\t respect ( p]sons ! mo/ aggravat$ & un5durable8 ,& :at w\ld become ( t mo/ pitiful1 silly1 & wick$ arrangem5t 9 s _m ( our *ur*es1 9 :i* wor%ipp]s ( a d>k complexion are to be s5t up to ! negro pew8#bj ,footnote #bj3 ,9 ,c>lyle's ,review ( ! ,memoirs ( ,mirabeau1 we h ! foll[+ anecdote illu/rative ( ! "* ( a gr&mo!r ( ! ,c\nt4 ,fancy ! dame ,mirabeau sail+ /ately t[>ds ! *ur* font2 ano!r dame /rik+ 9 to take prec$5ce ( h]2 ! dame ,mirabeau despat*+ ?is latt] ) a box on ! e>1 & ^! words1 ',"h1 z 9 ! army1 ,,! ,,baggage goes la/6' ,let ^? :o ju/ify ! negro-pew arrangem5t1 ?r[ a /one at ?is pr\d woman--if !y d>e4 ,nor are we p]mitt$ to conf9e ?is pr9ciple to religi\s assemblies4 ,x is to p]vade social life ev]y:]e4 ,ev5 :]e pl5ty1 intellig5ce & ref9em5t1 diffuse _! brighte/ rays1 ! poor are to be welcom$ ) especial favor4 ,!n said he to him t bade him1 :5 ?\ make/ a d9n] or a supp]1 call n ?y fri5ds1 nor ?y bre?r51 nei!r ?y k9sm51 nor ?y ri* neighbors1 le/ !y also bid !e aga91 & a recomp5se be made !e4 ,b :5 ?\ make/ a fea/1 call ! poor & ! maim$1 ! lame & ! bl9d1 & ?\ %alt be bless$2 = !y _c recomp5se !e1 b ?\ %alt be recomp5s$ at ! resurrection ( ! j4 ,9 ! high places ( social life !n--9 ! p>lor1 ! draw+-room1 ! saloon--special ref]5ce %\ld be _h1 9 e arrangem5t1 to ! com=t & improvem5t ( ^? :o are lea/ able to provide = ! *eape/ rites ( hospitality4 ,= ^!1 ample accommodations mu/ be made1 :atev] may become ( our k9sm5 & ri* neighbors4 ,& = ?is good reason1 t :ile su* occasions signify little to ! latt]1 to ! =m] !y are pregnant ) good--rais+ _! droop+ spirits1 *e]+ _! despond+ he>ts1 inspir+ !m ) life1 & hope1 & joy4 ,! ri* & ! poor ?us meet+ joyfully toge!r1 _c b mutually contribute to ea* o!r's b5efit2 ! ri* w be l$ to mod]ation1 sobriety1 & circumspection1 & ! poor to indu/ry1 provid5ce1 & cont5tm5t4 ,! recomp5se mu/ be great & sure4 ,a mo/ beautiful & in/ructive comm5t>y on ! text 9 :i* ^! ?+s are taught1 ! ,savior furni%$ 9 8 own conduct4 ,he freely m+l$ ) ^? :o 7 r$uc$ to ! v bottom ( society4 ,at ! tables ( ! outca/s ( society he did n hesitate to be a *e]ful gue/1 surr\nd$ by publicans & s9n]s4 ,& :5 fl\t$ & reproa*$ by smoo? & l(ty ecclesia/ics1 z an ultrai/ & level]1 he expla9$ & ju/ifi$ himself by obs]v+1 t he _h only done :at 8 (fice dem&$4 ,x 0 8 to seek ! lo/1 to heal ! sick1 to pity ! wret*$2--9 a ^w1 to be/[ j su* b5efits z ! v>i\s necessities ( mank9d made appropriate & welcome4 ,9 8 great he>t1 !re 0 room en\gh = ^? :o _h be5 exclud$ f ! sympa?y ( little s\ls4 ,9 its _s & design1 ! gospel ov]look$ none--lea/ ( all1 ! outca/s ( a selfi% _w4 ,c slav]y1 h[ev] modifi$1 be consi/5t ) su* a gospel8--a gospel :i* requires u1 ev5 amid/ ! highe/ =ms ( social life1 to ex]t ourselves to raise ! depress$ by giv+ our w>me/ sympa?ies to ^? :o h ! smalle/ %>e 9 ! favor ( ! _w8 ,^? :o are 9 bonds are set be=e u z des]v+ an especial remembrance4 ,_! claims ^u u are describ$ z a modification ( ! ,gold5 ,rule--z "o ( ! _m =ms to :i* its obligations are r$ucible4 ,to !m we are to ext5d ! same affectionate reg>d z we w\ld covet = ourselves1 if ! *a9s ^u _! limbs 7 fa/5$ ^u ours4 ,to ! b5efits ( ?is precept1 ! enslav$ h a natural claim ( ! greate/ /r5g?4 ,! wrongs !y suff] spr+ f a p]secution :i* c h>dly be surpass$ 9 malignancy4 ,_! bir? & complexion are ! occasion ( ! insults & injuries :i* !y c nei!r endure nor escape4 ,x is = ! "w ( ,god1 & n _! own des]ts1 t !y are load$ ) *a9s4 ,?is is p]secution4 ,c ,i reg>d ! slave z ano!r self--c ,i put myself 9 8 place--& be indiff]5t to 8 wrongs8 ,especially1 c ,i1 ?us affect$1 take sides ) ! oppressor8 ,c\ld ,i1 9 su* a /ate ( m9d z ! gospel requires me to *]i%1 r$uce him to slav]y or keep him 9 bonds8 ,is n ! precept "u h& naturally subv]sive ( e sy/em & e =m ( slav]y8 ,! g5]al descriptions ( ! *ur*1 :i* are f\nd "h & !re 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 are highly in/ructive 9 _! be>+ on ! subject ( slav]y4 ,9 "o connection1 ! foll[+ words meet ! eye3 ,!re is nei!r ,jew nor ,greek1 !re is nei!r bond nor free1 !re is nei!r male nor female2 = ye are all "o 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus4#ba ,"h we h-- #a4 ,a cle> & /rong description ( ! doctr9e ( human equality4 ,ye are all ,,"o2--s mu* alike1 s truly plac$ on common gr\nd1 all wield+ ea* 8 own p[]s ) su* fre$om1 t "o is ! same z ano!r4 #b4 ,?is doctr9e1 self-evid5t 9 ! light ( reason1 is affirm$ on div9e au?ority4 ,,9 ,,*ri/ ,,jesus1 ye are all "o4 ,! natural equality ( ! human family is a "p ( ! gospel4 ,=-- #c4 ,all ! human family are includ$ 9 ?is description4 ,:e!r m5 or wom51 :e!r bond or free1 :e!r ,jews or ,g5tiles1 all are alike entitl$ to ! b5efit ( ?is doctr9e4 ,:e!r ,*ri/ianity prevails1 ! artificial di/9ctions :i* gr[ out ( bir?1 condition1 sex1 are done away4 ,natural di/9ctions are n de/roy$4 ,!y are recogniz$1 hall[$1 confirm$4 ,! gospel does n aboli% ! sexes1 =bid a division ( labor1 or ext+ui% patriotism4 ,x takes woman f b5ea? ! feet1 & places h] by ! side ( man2 deliv]s ! manual labor] f ! yoke1 & gives him wages = 8 "w2 & br+s ! ,jew & ! ,g5tile to embrace ea* o!r ) frat]nal love & confid5ce4 ,?us x raises all to a common level1 gives to ea* ! free use ( 8 own p[]s & res\rces1 b9ds all toge!r 9 "o de> & lov+ bro!rhood4 ,su*1 accord+ to ! description ( ! apo/le1 0 ! influ5ce1 & su* ! effect ( primitive ,*ri/ianity4 ,behold ! picture6 ,is x l ,am]ican slav]y1 :i*1 9 all its t5d5cies & effects1 is de/ructive ( all on5ess among bre?r58 ,footnote #ba3 ,gal4 iii4 #bh4 ,:]e ! _s ( ! ,"l is1 exclaims ! same apo/le1 ) 8 eye ^u ! condition & relations ( ! *ur*1 :]e ! _s ( ! ,"l is1 ,,!re ,,is ,,lib]ty4 ,:]e1 !n1 may we rev]5tly recognize ! pres5ce1 & b[ be=e ! manife/$ p[]1 ( ?is _s8 ,!re1 :]e ! labor] may n *oose h[ he %all be employ$6--9 :at way 8 wants %all be suppli$6--) :om he %all associate6--:o %all h ! fruit ( 8 ex]tions6 ,!re1 :]e he is n free to enjoy 8 wife & *ildr56 ,!re1 :]e 8 body & 8 s\l1 8 v de/9y1#bb are plac$ altoge!r beyond 8 control6 ,!re1 :]e e p[] is crippl$1 e en]gy bla/$1 e hope cru%$6 ,!re1 :]e 9 all ! relations & conc]ns ( life1 he is legally treat$ z if he _h no?+ to d ) ! laws ( reason1 ! light ( immortality1 or ! ex]cise ( w6 ,is ! _s ( ! ,"l !re1 :]e lib]ty is decri$ & d5\nc$1 mock$ at & spit ^u1 betray$ & crucifi$6 ,9 ! mid/ ( a *ur* :i* ju/ifi$ slav]y1 :i* d]iv$ its support f slav]y1 :i* c>ri$ on its ent]prises by means ( slav]y1 w\ld ! apo/le h f\nd ! fruits ( ! ,_s ( ! ,"l6 ,let t ,_s ex]t 8 influ5ces1 & ass]t 8 au?ority1 & wield 8 p[]1 & slav]y mu/ vani% at once & = ev]4 ,footnote #bb3 ,! legislature 7( ,s\? ,c>ol9a7 f "t to "t1 has pass$ _m re/rict$ & p5al acts1 ) a view to br+ "u direct control & subjection ! ,,de/9y ( ! black population4 ,see ! ,remon/rance ( ,james ,s4 ,pope & #ceb o!rs aga9/ home mission>y ef=ts = ! b5efit ( ! enslav$--a mo/ in/ructive pap]4 ,9 m ?an "o connection1 ! apo/le ,james describes ,*ri/ianity z ! law ( lib]ty4 ,x is1 9 o!r words1 ! law "u :i* lib]ty _c b live & fl\ri%--! law 9 :i* lib]ty is cle>ly def9$1 /rongly ass]t$1 & well protect$4 ,z ! law ( lib]ty1 h[ c x be consi/5t ) ! law ( slav]y8 ,! pres5ce & ! p[] ( ?is law are felt :]ev] ! light ( reason %9es4 ,!y are felt 9 ! uneas9ess & consci\s degradation ( ! slave1 & 9 ! %ame & remorse :i* ! ma/] betrays 9 8 reluctant & desp]ate ef=ts to def5d himself4 ,?is law x is :i* has arm$ human nature aga9/ ! oppressor4 ,:]ev] x is obey$1 e yoke is brok54 ,9 ^! ref]5ces to ! ,new ,te/am5t we h a g5]al description ( ! primitive *ur*1 & ! pr9ciples on :i* x 0 f\nd$ & fa%ion$4 ,^! pr9ciples be> ! same relation to ,*ri/ian hi/ory z to ,*ri/ian "*1 s9ce ! =m] is occupi$ ) ! developm5t ( ! latt]4 ,:at !n is ,*ri/ian "* b ,*ri/ian pr9ciple realiz$1 act$ out1 bodi$ =?1 & animat$8 ,*ri/ian pr9ciple is ! s\l1 ( :i* ,*ri/ian "* is ! expression--! manife/ation4 ,x compreh5ds 9 itself1 z a liv+ se$1 su* ,*ri/ian "*1 "u e =m1 modification1 & complexion4 ,! =m] is1 !re=e1 ! te/ & int]pret] ( ! latt]4 ,9 ! light ( ,*ri/ian pr9ciple1 & 9 t light only we c judge ( & expla9 ,*ri/ian "*4 ,*ri/ian hi/ory is occupi$ ) ! =ms1 modifications1 & v>i\s aspects ( ,*ri/ian "*4 ,! facts :i* are !re record$ s]ve to %[1 h[ ,*ri/ian pr9ciple has f>$ 9 ?is _w--h[ x has appe>$1 :at x has done1 h[ x has be5 treat$4 ,9 ^! facts we h ! v>i\s in/itutions1 usages1 designs1 do+s1 & suff]+s ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,& all ^! h ( necessity1 ! close/ relation to ,*ri/ian pr9ciple4 ,!y are ! production ( its p[]4 ,?r\gh !m1 x is reveal$ & manife/$4 ,9 its light1 !y are to be /udi$1 expla9$1 & und]/ood4 ,)\t x !y mu/ be z un9telligible & insignificant z ! lett]s ( a book scatt]$ on ! w9d4 ,9 ! pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity1 !n1 we h a compreh5sive & fai?ful acc\nt ( its objects1 in/itutions1 & usages--( h[ x mu/ behave1 & act1 & suff]1 9 a _w ( s9 & mis]y4 ,= betwe5 ! pr9ciples :i* ,god reveals1 on ! "o h&1 & ! precepts he enjo9s1 ! in/itutions he e/abli%es1 & ! usages he approves1 on ! o!r1 !re mu/ be consi/5cy & h>mony4 ,o!rwise we impute to ,god :at we mu/ abhor 9 man--practice at w> ) pr9ciple4 ,does ! ,savior1 !n1 lay d[n ! pr9ciple t our /&+ 9 ! *ur* mu/ dep5d ^u ! habits =m$ )9 u1 ( readily & he>tily subs]v+ ! welf>e ( o!rs2 & p]mit u 9 practice to invade ! rights & trample on ! happ9ess ( our fell[s1 by r$uc+ !m to slav]y4 ,does he1 9 pr9ciple & by example1 require u to g all l5g?s 9 r5d]+ mutual s]vice1 or compreh5d+ (fices t mo/ m5ial1 z well z ! mo/ honorable2 & p]mit u 9 practice to ,,exact s]vice ( our bre?r51 z if !y 7 no?+ bett] ?an articles ( m]*&ize6 ,does he require u 9 pr9ciple to "w ) quietness & eat our own bread2 & p]mit u 9 practice to wre/ f our bre?r5 ! fruits ( _! unrequit$ toil8 ,does he 9 pr9ciple require u1 ab/a9+ f e =m ( !ft1 to employ our p[]s 9 useful labor1 n only to provide = ourselves b also to relieve ! indig5ce ( o!rs2 & p]mit u 9 practice1 ab/a9+ f e =m ( labor1 to enri* & aggr&ize ourselves ) ! fruits ( man-/eal+8 ,does he require u 9 pr9ciple to reg>d ! labor] z wor?y ( 8 hire2 & p]mit u 9 practice to defraud him ( 8 wages8 ,does he require u 9 pr9ciple to honor ,,all m52 & p]mit u 9 practice to treat multitudes l cattle8 ,does he 9 pr9ciple prohibit respect ( p]sons2 & p]mit u 9 practice to place ! feet ( ! ri* ^u ! necks ( ! poor8 ,does he 9 pr9ciple require u to sympa?ize ) ! bondman z ano!r self2 & p]mit u 9 practice to leave him unpiti$ & unhelp$ 9 ! h&s ( ! oppressor8 ,9 pr9ciple1 :]e ! ,_s ( ! ,"l is1 !re is lib]ty2 9 practice1 is slav]y ! fruit ( ! ,_s8 ,9 pr9ciple1 ,*ri/ianity is ! law ( lib]ty2 9 practice1 x is ! law ( slav]y8 ,br+ practice 9 ^! v>i\s respects into h>mony ) pr9ciple1 & :at becomes ( slav]y8 ,& if1 :]e ! div9e gov]nm5t is conc]n$1 practice is ! expression ( pr9ciple1 & pr9ciple ! /&>d & int]pret] ( practice1 su* h>mony _c b be ma9ta9$ & mu/ be ass]t$4 ,9 /udy+1 !re=e1 fragm5ts ( hi/ory & sket*es ( biography--9 dispos+ ( ref]5ces to in/itutions1 usages1 & facts 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ?is necess>y h>mony betwe5 pr9ciple & practice 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 %\ld be cont9ually pres5t to ! ?\ghts ( ! int]pret]4 ,pr9ciples ass]t :at practice mu/ be4 ,:atev] pr9ciple condemns1 ,god condemns4 ,x belongs to ^? we$s ( ! dung-hill :i*1 plant$ by an enemy1 8 h& w assur$ly root up4 ,x is mo/ c]ta9 !n1 t if slav]y prevail$ 9 ! fir/ ages ( ,*ri/ianity1 x c\ld n[h]e h prevail$ "u its influ5ce & ) its sanction4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! condition 9 :i* 9 its ef=ts to bless mank9d1 ! primitive *ur* 0 plac$1 mu/ h greatly assi/$ ! e>ly ,*ri/ians 9 und]/&+ & apply+ ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel4 ,_! ,ma/] 0 born 9 great obscurity1 liv$ 9 ! deepe/ pov]ty1 & di$ ! mo/ ignom9i\s dea?4 ,! place ( 8 resid5ce1 8 famili>ity ) ! outca/s ( society1 8 welcom+ assi/ance & support f female h&s1 8 ca/+ 8 belov$ "m1 :5 he hung ^u ! cross1 ^u ! *>ity ( a disciple--su* ?+s ev9ce ! dep? ( 8 pov]ty1 & %[ to :at d]ision & contempt he mu/ h be5 expos$4 ,c\ld su* an "o1 despis$ & reject$ ( m5--a man ( sorr[s & acqua9t$ ) grief1 play ! oppressor1 or smile on ^? :o made m]*&ize ( ! poor6 ,& :at 0 ! hi/ory ( ! apo/les1 b an illu/ration ( ! doctr9e1 t x is en\gh = ! disciple1 t he be z 8 ,ma/]8 ,7 !y lordly ecclesia/ics1 ab\nd+ ) weal?1 %9+ ) spl5dor1 bloat$ ) luxury6 ,7 !y ambiti\s ( di/9ction1 fleec+1 & trampl+1 & dev\r+ ! flocks1 t !y !mselves might h ! pre-em95ce6 ,7 !y slavehold+ bi%ops6 ,or did !y d]ive _! support f ! wages ( iniquity & ! price ( blood6 ,c su* inf]5ces be drawn f ! acc\nt ( _! condition1 :i* ! mo/ gift$ & ent]pris+ ( _! numb] has put ^u record8 ,ev5 unto ?is pres5t h\r1 we bo? hung]1 & ?ir/1 & are nak$1 & are buffett$1 & h no c]ta9 dwell+ place1 & labor work+ ) our own h&s4 ,be+ revil$1 we bless2 be+ p]secut$1 we suff] x2 be+ defam$1 we entreat2 we are made z ! fil? ( ! _w1 & are ,,! ,,(fsc\r+ ,,( ,,all ,,?+s unto ?is day4#bc ,are ^! ! m5 :o practis$ or c\nt5anc$ slav]y8 ,) su* a temp]1 !y ,,w\ld ,,n2 9 su* circum/ances1 !y ,,c\ld ,,n4 ,expos$ to tribulation1 di/ress1 & p]secution2 subject to fam9e & nak$ness1 to p]il & ! sword2 kill$ all ! day long2 acc\nt$ z %eep = ! slaught]1#bd !y w\ld h made b a sorry figure at ! great-h\se or slave-m>ket4 ,footnote #bc3 #a ,cor4 iv4 #aa-ac4 ,footnote #bd3 ,rom4 viii4 #ce1 #cf4 ,nor 0 ! condition ( ! bre?r51 g5]ally1 bett] ?an t ( ! apo/les4 ,! position ( ! apo/les d\btless entitl$ !m to ! /ronge/ opposition1 ! heavie/ reproa*es1 ! fi]ce/ p]secution4 ,b d]ision & contempt mu/ h be5 ! lot ( ,*ri/ians g5]ally4 ,surely we _c ?9k s ill ( primitive ,*ri/ianity z to suppose t believ]s1 g5]ally1 refus$ to %>e 9 ! trials & suff]+s ( _! lead]s2 z to suppose t :ile ! lead]s submitt$ to manual labor1 to buffet+1 to be reckon$ ! fil? ( ! _w1 to be acc\nt$ z %eep = ! slaught]1 8 bre?r5 liv$ 9 afflu5ce1 ease1 & honor6 despis+ manual labor & liv+ ^u ! sweat ( unrequit$ toil6 ,b on ?is po9t we are n left to m]e inf]5ce & conjecture4 ,! apo/le ,paul 9 ! pla9e/ language expla9s ! ord9ation ( ,heav54 ,b ,god ha? ,,*os5 ! fooli% ?+s ( ! _w to conf\nd ! wise2 & ,god ha? ,,*os5 ! weak ?+s ( ! _w to conf\nd ! ?+s :i* are mighty2 & base ?+s ( ! _w1 & ?+s :i* are despis$ ha? ,god ,,*os51 yea1 & ,,?+s ,,:i* ,,are ,,n1 to br+ to n\ght ?+s t are4#be ,"h we may well notice1 #a4 ,t x 0 n by accid5t1 t ! primitive *ur*es 7 made up ( su* elem5ts1 b ! result ( ! ,,div9e ,,*oice--an arrangem5t ( ,8 wise & graci\s ,provid5ce4 ,! inf]5ce is natural1 t ?is ord9ation 0 co-ext5sive ) ! triumphs ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,x 0 no?+ new or /range1 t ,jehovah _h conceal$ 8 glory f ! wise & prud5t1 & _h reveal$ x unto babes1 or t ! common p he>d him gladly1 :ile n _m wise m5 aft] ! fle%1 n _m mighty1 n _m noble1 _h be5 call$4 #b4 ,! description ( "*1 :i* ! apo/le records1 c\ld be adapt$ only to :at are reckon$ ! v dregs ( humanity4 ,! fooli% & ! weak1 ! base & ! contemptible1 9 ! e/imation ( worldly pride & wisdom--^! 7 !y ^: brok5 he>ts 7 rea*$1 & m\ld$1 & refre%$ by ! gospel2 ^! 7 !y :om ! apo/le took to 8 bosom z 8 own bre?r54 ,footnote #be3 #a ,cor4 i4 #bg1 #bh4 ,t slaves ab\nd$ at ,cor9?1 may easily be admitt$4 ,!y h a place 9 ! enum]ation ( elem5ts ( :i*1 accord+ to ! apo/le1 ! *ur* !re 0 compos$4 ,! mo/ rem>kable class f\nd !re1 consi/$ ( ,,?+s ,,:i* ,,are ,,n--m]e nobodies1 n admitt$ to ! privileges ( m51 b degrad$ to a level ) goods & *attels2 ( :om no acc\nt 0 made 9 su* arrangem5ts ( society z subs]v$ ! improvem5t1 & dignity1 & happ9ess ( ,,mank9d4 ,h[ accurately ! description applies to ^? :o are cru%$ "u ! *attel pr9ciple6 ,! ref]5ce :i* ! apo/le makes to ! deep pov]ty ( ! *ur*es ( ,mac$onia1#bf & ?is to /ir up ! sluggi% lib]ality ( 8 ,cor9?ian bre?r51 naturally leaves ! impression1 t ! latt] 7 by no means inf]ior to ! =m] 9 ! gifts ( ,provid5ce4 ,b1 press$ ) want & p9*$ by pov]ty z 7 ! believ]s 9 ,mac$onia & ,a*aia1 x pleas$ !m to make a c]ta9 contribution = ! poor sa9ts :i* 7 at ,j]usalem4#bg ,?us x appe>s1 t ,*ri/ians ev]y:]e 7 famili> ) contempt & indig5ce1 s mu* s1 t ! apo/le w\ld dissuade su* z _h no families f assum+ ! responsibilities ( ! conjugal relation6#bh ,footnote #bf3 #b ,cor4 viii4 #b4 ,footnote #bg3 ,rom4 xviii4 #ah-be4 ,footnote #bh3 ,cor4 vii4 #bf1 #bg4 ,n[1 h[ did ^! good p treat ea* o!r8 ,did ! few among !m1 :o 7 e/eem$ wise1 mighty1 or noble1 ex]t _! influ5ce & employ _! p[] 9 oppress+ ! weak1 9 dispos+ ( ! ?+s t are n1 z m>ketable commodities6--kneel+ ) !m 9 pray] 9 ! ev5+1 & putt+ !m up at auction ! next morn+6 ,did ! *ur* sell any ( ! memb]s to swell ! c]ta9 contribution = ! poor sa9ts at ,j]usalem6 ,f> o!r wise--z f> z possible6 ,9 ^? ,*ri/ian communities :]e ! influ5ce ( ! apo/les 0 mo/ p[]ful1 & :]e ! arrangem5ts drew =? _! highe/ comm5dations1 believ]s treat$ ea* o!r z bre?r51 9 ! /ronge/ s5se ( t sweet ^w4 ,s w>m 0 _! mutual love1 s /rong ! public _s1 s op5-h&$ & abundant ! g5]al lib]ality1 t !y are set =? z hav+ all ?+s common4#bi ,slaves & _! hold]s "h8 ,nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r c\ld1 9 t relation to ea* o!r1 h brea!d su* an atmosph]e4 ,! appeal ( ! kneel+ bondman1 ,am ,i n a man & a bro!r1 mu/ "h h met ) a prompt & p[]ful response4 ,footnote #bi3 ,acts1 iv4 #cb4 ,! te/s by :i* our ,savior tries ! "* ( 8 pr(ess$ disciples1 %$ a /rong light ^u ! g5ius ( ! gospel4 ,9 "o connection1#cj an inquir] dem&s ( ! ,savior1 ,:at good ?+ %all ,i d t ,i may h et]nal life8 ,aft] be+ rem9d$ ( ! obligations :i* 8 social nature impos$ ^u him1 he v5tur$1 :ile claim+ to be free f guilt 9 8 relations to mank9d1 to dem&1 :at lack ,i yet8 ,! radical defici5cy "u :i* 8 "* labor$1 ! ,savior 0 n long or obscure 9 po9t+ out4 ,if ?\ wilt be p]fect1 g & sell t ?\ ha/ & give to ! poor1 & ?\ %all h treasure 9 heav52 & come & foll[ me4 ,on ?is passage x is natural to sugge/-- #a4 ,t we h "h a te/ ( univ]sal application4 ,! rectitude & b5evol5ce ( our ,savior's "* =bid u to suppose1 t he w\ld subject ?is inquir]1 especially z he 0 highly amiable1 to a trial1 :]e et]nal life 0 at /ake1 peculi>ly sev]e4 ,inde$1 ! te/ seems to h be5 only a fair exposition ( ! second great comm&1 & ( c\rse x mu/ be applicable to all :o are plac$ "u ! obligations ( t precept4 ,^? :o _c /& ?is te/1 z _! "* is radically imp]fect & uns\nd1 mu/1 ) ! inquir] to :om our ,"l appli$ x1 be pron\nc$ unfit = ! k+dom ( heav54 #b4 ,! lea/ t our ,savior c 9 t passage be und]/ood to dem& is1 t we dis9t]e/$ly & he>tily devote ourselves to ! welf>e ( mank9d1 ! poor especially4 ,we are to put ourselves on a level ) !m1 z we mu/ d 9 sell+ t we h = _! b5efit--9 o!r words1 9 employ+ our p[]s & res\rces to elevate _! "*1 condition1 & prospects4 ,?is our ,savior did2 & if we refuse to ent] into sympa?y & co-op]ation ) him1 h[ c we be 8 foll[]s8 ,apply ?is te/ to ! slavehold]4 ,in/ead ( sell+ t he ha? = ! b5efit ( ! poor1 he ,,buys ,,! ,,poor1 & exacts _! sweat ) /ripes1 to enable him to clo! himself 9 purple & f9e l951 & f>e sumptu\sly e day2 or1 ,,he ,,sells ,,! ,,poor to support ! gospel & conv]t ! hea!n6 ,footnote #cj3 ,luke1 xviii4 #ah-be4 ,:at1 9 describ+ ! sc5es ( ! f9al judgm5t1 does our ,savior tea* u8 ,by :at /&>d mu/ our "* be e/imat$1 & ! retributions ( et]nity be aw>d$8 ,a /&>d1 :i* bo? ! righte\s & ! wick$ w be surpris$ to see erect$4 ,f ! (fsc\r+ ( all ?+s1 ! meane/ specim5 ( humanity w be select$--a /rang] 9 ! h&s ( ! oppressor1 nak$1 hungry1 sickly2 & ?is /rang]1 plac$ 9 ! mid/ ( ! assembl$ univ]se1 by ! side ( ! sov]eign ,judge1 w be op5ly ackn[l$g$ z 8 repres5tative4 ,glory1 honor1 & immortality1 w be ! rew>d ( ^? :o _h recogniz$ & *e]$ _! ,"l ?r\gh 8 outrag$ poor4 ,& tribulation1 angui%1 & despair1 w seize on e s\l ( man :o _h neglect$ or despis$ !m4 ,b :om1 )9 ! limits ( our c\ntry1 are we to reg>d especially z ! repres5tatives ( our f9al ,judge8 ,e feature ( ! ,savior's picture f9ds its appropriate orig9al 9 our enslav$ c\ntrym54 #a4 ,!y are ! ,,lea/ ( 8 bre?r54 #b4 ,!y are subject to ?ir/ & hung]1 unable to comm& a cup ( wat] or a crumb ( bread4 #c4 ,!y are expos$ to wa/+ sickness1 )\t ! ability to procure a nurse or employ a physician4 #d4 ,!y are emphatically 9 prison1 re/ra9$ by *a9s1 goad$ ) :ips1 task$1 & "u keep]s4 ,n a wret* groans 9 any cell ( ! prisons ( our c\ntry1 :o is expos$ to a conf9em5t s vigor\s & he>tbreak+ z ! law all[s !irs to be cont9ually & p]man5tly4 #e4 ,& !n !y are emphatically1 & peculi>ly1 & exclusively1 ,,/rang]s--/rang]s 9 ! l& :i* gave !m bir?4 ,:om else d we con/ra9 to rema9 ali5s 9 ! mid/ ( our free in/itutions8 ,! ,wel*1 ! ,swiss1 ! ,iri%8 ,! ,jews ev58 ,alas1 x is ! negro only1 :o may n /rike 8 roots into our soil4 ,e :]e we h conspir$ to treat him z a /rang]--e :]e he is =c$ to feel himself a /rang]4 ,9 ! /age & /eamboat1 9 ! p>lor & at our tables1 9 ! sc5es ( bus9ess & 9 ! sc5es ( amusem5t--ev5 9 ! *ur* ( ,god & at ! communion table1 he is reg>d$ z a /rang]4 ,! intellig5t & religi\s are g5]ally disgu/$ & horror-/ruck at ! ?\ght ( 8 becom+ id5tifi$ ) ! citiz5s ( our republic--s mu* s1 t ?\s&s ( !m h ent]$ into a conspiracy to s5d him (f out ( sight1 to f9d a home on a =eign %ore6--& ju/ify !mselves by op5ly alleg+1 t a s+le drop ( 8 blood1 9 ! ve9s ( any human creature1 mu/ make him hateful to 8 fell[ citiz5s6--,t no?+ b bani%m5t f our coa/s1 c r$eem him f ! scorn & contempt to :i* 8 /rang] blood has r$uc$ him among 8 own "m's *ildr56 ,:o1 !n1 9 ?is l& ( milk & honey1 is hungry & a?ir/1 b ! man f :om ! law takes away ! la/ crumb ( bread & ! smalle/ drop ( wat]8 ,:o nak$1 b ! man :om ! law /rips ( ! la/ rag ( clo?+8 ,:o sick1 b ! man :om ! law deprives ( ! p[] ( procur+ m$ic9e or s5d+ = a physician8 ,:o 9 prison1 b ! man :o1 all 8 life1 is "u ! control ( m]ciless ma/]s & cruel keep]s6 ,:o a /rang]1 b ! man :o is scornfully d5i$ ! *eape/ c\rtesies ( life--:o is treat$ z an ali5 9 8 native c\ntry8 ,!re is "o po9t 9 ?is awful description :i* des]ves p>ticul> att5tion4 ,^? :o are doom$ to ! left h& ( ! ,judge1 are n *>g$ ) inflict+ positive injuries on _! helpless1 ne$y1 & oppress$ bro!r4 ,!irs 0 :at is (t5 call$ negative "*4 ,:at !y _h done is n describ$ 9 ! indictm5t4 ,_! neglect ( duty1 :at !y _h ,,n done1 0 ! gr\nd ( _! ev]la/+ puni%m5t4 ,! repres5tative ( _! ,judge1 !y _h se5 a hung]$ & !y gave him no meat1 ?ir/y & !y gave him no dr9k1 a /rang] & !y took him n 91 nak$ & !y clo!d him n1 sick & 9 prison & !y visit$ him n4 ,9 z mu* z !y did ,,n yield to ! claims ( suff]+ humanity--did ,,n ex]t !mselves to bless ! meane/ ( ! human family1 !y 7 driv5 away 9 _! wick$ness4 ,b :at if ! indictm5t _h run ?us3 ,i 0 a hung]$ & ye snat*$ away ! cru/ :i* might h sav$ me f />vation2 ,i 0 ?ir/y & ye da%$ to ! gr\nd ! cup ( cold wat]1 :i* might h moi/5$ my p>*$ lips2 ,i 0 a /rang] & ye drove me f ! hovel :i* might h %elt]$ me f ! pi]c+ w9d2 ,i 0 sick & ye sc\rg$ me to my task2 9 prison & y sold me = my jail-fees--to :at dep?s ( hell mu/ n ^? :o 7 convict$ "u su* *>ges be consign$6 ,& :at is ! hi/ory ( ,am]ican slav]y b "o long indictm5t1 describ+ "u ev]-v>y+ =ms & hues j su* injuries6 ,nor %\ld x be =gott51 t ^? :o incurr$ ! displeasure ( _! ,judge1 took f> o!r views ?an he1 ( _! own pa/ hi/ory4 ,! *>ges :i* he br\ght aga9/ !m1 !y he>d ) great surprise4 ,!y 7 sure t !y _h nev] ?us turn$ away f 8 necessities4 ,inde$1 :5 _h !y se5 him ?us subject to pov]ty1 insult1 & oppression8 ,nev]4 ,& z to t poor fri5dless creature1 :om !y left unpiti$ & unhelp$ 9 ! h&s ( ! oppressor1 & :om _! ,judge n[ pres5t$ z 8 own repres5tative1 !y nev] once suppos$1 t he _h any claims on _! compassion & assi/ance4 ,_h !y kn[n1 t he 0 de/9$ to s prom95t a place at ! f9al judgm5t1 !y w\ld h treat$ him z a human be+1 9 despite ( any social1 pecuni>y1 or political consid]ations4 ,b nei!r _! negative virtue nor _! volunt>y ignorance c\ld %ield !m f ! p5al fire :i* _! selfi%ness _h k9dl$4 ,n[ amid/ ! g5]al maxims1 ! lead+ pr9ciples1 ! great comm&m5ts ( ! gospel2 amid/ its compreh5sive descriptions & au?oriz$ te/s ( ,*ri/ian "*1 we %\ld take our position 9 dispos+ ( any p>ticul> allusions to su* =ms & usages ( ! primitive *ur*es z are support$ by div9e au?ority4 ,! latt] mu/ be int]pret$ & und]/ood 9 ! light ( ! =m]4 ,b h[ d ! apologi/s & def5d]s ( slav]y proce$8 ,plac+ !mselves amid/ ! arrangem5ts & usages :i* grew out ( ! corruptions ( ,*ri/ianity1 !y make ^! ! /&>d by :i* ! gospel is to be expla9$ & und]/ood6 ,"s ,record] or ,ju/ice4 )\t ! light ( inquiry or ! aid ( a jury1 consigns ! negro :om ! kidnapp] has dragg$ into 8 pres5ce to ! horrors ( slav]y4 ,z ! poor wret* %rieks & fa9ts1 ,humanity %udd]s & dem&s :y su* atrocities are endur$4 ,"s prie/ or ,levite1 pass+ by on ! o!r side1 q self-possess$ & all complac5t1 reads 9 reply f 8 broad phylact]y1 ,paul s5t back ,onesimus to ,philemon6 ,yes1 e*oes ! negro-hat+ mob1 made up ( g5tlem5 ( prop]ty & /&+ toge!r ) equally g5tle-m5 reek+ f ! gutt]2 ,yes--,paul s5t back ,onesimus to ,philemon6 ,& ,humanity1 br[-beat51 /unn$ ) noise & tumult1 is pu%$ aside by ! cr[d6 ,a fair specim5 ?is ( ! mann] 9 :i* mod]n usages are made to int]pret ! sacr$ ,scriptures8 ,( ! p>ticul> passages 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t on :i* ! apologi/s = slav]y especially rely1 ! epi/le to ,philemon fir/ dem&s our att5tion4 #a4 ,?is lett] 0 writt5 by ! apo/le ,paul :ile a prison] ( ,jesus ,*ri/ at ,rome4 #b4 ,philemon 0 a b5evol5t & tru/wor?y memb] ( ! *ur* at ,colosse1 at ^: h\se ! disciples ( ,*ri/ held _! assemblies1 & :o ow$ 8 conv]sion1 "u ,god1 directly or indirectly to ! m9i/ry ( ,paul4 #c4 ,onesimus 0 ! s]vant ( ,philemon2 "u a relation :i* x is difficult ) accuracy & c]ta9ty to def9e4 ,8 condition1 ?\gh s]vile1 c\ld n h be5 l t ( an ,am]ican slave2 z1 9 t case1 h[ev] he might h wrong$ ,philemon1 he c\ld n also h ow$ him ought4#ca ,! ,am]ican slave is1 accord+ to law1 z mu* ! prop]ty ( 8 ma/] z any o!r *attel2 & c no m owe 8 ma/] ?an c a %eep or a horse4 ,! basis ( all pecuni>y obligations lies 9 "s value receiv$4 ,h[ c an article ( m]*&ise /& on ?is basis & su/a9 comm]cial relations to its own]8 ,!re is no p]son to (f] or promise4 ,p]sonality is swall[$ up 9 ,am]ican slav]y6 #d4 ,h[ ,onesimus f\nd 8 way to ,rome x is n easy to det]m9e4 ,he & ,philemon appe> to h p>t$ f ea* o!r on ill t]ms4 ,! g5]al "* ( ,onesimus1 c]ta9ly1 9 8 relation to ,philemon1 _h be5 f> f attractive1 & he seems to h left him )\t repair+ ! wrongs he _h done him or pay+ ! debts :i* he ow$ him4 ,at ,rome1 by ! bless+ ( ,god ^u ! ex]tions ( ! apo/le1 he 0 br\ght to reflection & rep5tance4 #e4 ,9 review+ 8 hi/ory 9 ! light ( ,*ri/ian tru?1 he became pa9fully aw>e ( ! injuries he _h inflict$ on ,philemon4 ,he long$ = an opportunity = frank confession & full re/itution4 ,hav+1 h[ev]1 p>t$ ) ,philemon on ill t]ms1 he knew n h[ to appe> 9 8 pres5ce4 ,"u su* emb>rassm5ts1 he naturally s\ght sympa?y & advice ( ,paul4 ,8 influ5ce ^u ,philemon1 ,onesimus knew mu/ be p[]ful1 especially z an apo/le4 #f4 ,a lett] 9 behalf ( ,onesimus 0 !re=e writt5 by ! apo/le to ,philemon4 ,aft] su* salutations1 b5$ictions1 & ?anksgiv+ z ! good "* & useful life ( ,philemon naturally drew f ! he>t ( ,paul1 he proce$s to ! object ( ! lett]4 ,he admits t ,onesimus _h behav$ ill 9 ! s]vice ( ,philemon2 n 9 runn+ away1 = h[ !y _h p>t$ ) ea* o!r is n expla9$2 b 9 be+ unpr(itable & 9 refus+ to pay ! debts#cb :i* he _h contract$4 ,b 8 "* _h und]gone a radical *ange4 ,!nce=w>d fidelity & usefulness w\ld be 8 aim & m>k 8 c\rse4 ,& z to any pecuni>y obligations :i* he _h violat$1 ! apo/le au?oriz$ ,philemon to put !m on 8 acc\nt4#cc ,?us a way 0 fairly op5$ to ! he>t ( ,philemon4 ,& n[ :at does ! apo/les ask8 #g4 ,he asks t ,philemon w\ld receive ,onesimus1 ,h[8 ,n z a s]vant1 b above a s]vant4#cd ,h[ mu* above8 ,philemon 0 to receive him z a son ( ! apo/le--z a bro!r belov$--nay1 if he c\nt$ ,paul a p>tn]1 an equal1 he 0 to receive ,onesimus z he w\ld receive ! apo/le himself4#ce ,s mu* above a s]vant 0 he to receive him6 #h4 ,b 0 n ?is reque/ to be s int]pret$ & compli$ ) z to put ,onesimus 9 ! h&s ( ,philemon z an article ( m]*&ise1 ,,c>nally1 :ile x rais$ him to ! dignity ( a bro!r belov$1 ,,spiritually8 ,9 o!r words1 might n ,philemon consi/5tly ) ! reque/ ( ,paul h r$uc$ ,onesimus to a *attel1 z ,a ,,man1 :ile he admitt$ him frat]nally to 8 bosom1 z a ,,*ri/ian8 ,su* gibb]i% 9 an apo/olic epi/le6 ,nev]4 ,z if1 h[ev] to gu>d aga9/ su* folly1 ! natural product ( mi/ & moon%9e1 ! apo/le w\ld h ,onesimus rais$ above a s]vant to ! dignity ( a bro!r belov$1 ,,bo? ,,9 ,,! ,,fle% ,,& ,,9 ,,! ,,"l2#cf z a man & ,*ri/ian1 9 all ! relations1 circum/ances1 & responsibilities ( life4 ,footnote #ca3 ,philemon1 #ah4 ,footnote #cb3 ,v]se #aa1 #ah4 ,footnote #cc3 ,v]se #ah4 ,footnote #cd3 ,v]se #af4 ,footnote #ce3 ,v]se #aj1 #af1 #ag4 ,footnote #cf3 ,v]se #af4 ,x is easy n[ ) def9it5ess & c]ta9ty to det]m9e 9 :at s5se ! apo/le 9 su* connections uses ! ^w bro!r4 ,x describes a relation inconsi/5t ) & opposite to ! s]vile4 ,x is ,,n ! relation ( a ,,s]vant4 ,x elevates its subject above ! s]vile condition4 ,x raises him to full equality ) ! ma/]1 to ! same equality1 on :i* ,paul & ,philemon /ood side by side z bro!rs2 & ?is1 n 9 "s vague1 undef9$1 spiritual s5se1 affect+ ! s\l & leav+ ! body 9 bonds1 b 9 e way1 bo? 9 ! ,,fle% & 9 ! ,"l4 ,?is matt] des]ves p>ticul> & e>ne/ att5tion4 ,x %$s a /rong light on o!r lessons ( apo/olic in/ruction4 #i4 ,x is greatly to our purpose1 moreov]1 to obs]ve t ! apo/le cle>ly def9es ! moral "* ( 8 reque/4 ,x 0 fit1 prop]1 "r1 suit$ to ! nature & relation ( ?+s--a ?+ :i* ought to be done4#cg ,on ?is acc\nt1 he might h urg$ x ^u ,philemon 9 ! =m ( an injunction1 on apo/olic au?ority & ) great boldness4#ch ,! v nature ( ! reque/ made x obligatory on ,philemon4 ,he 0 sacr$ly b\nd1 out ( reg>d to ! fitness ( ?+s1 to admit ,onesimus to full equality ) himself--to treat him z a bro!r bo? 9 ! ,"l & z hav+ fle%--z a fell[ man4 ,?us 7 ! inali5able rights & bir?right privileges ( ,onesimus1 z a memb] ( ! human family1 def9$ & protect$ by apo/olic au?ority4 #aj4 ,! apo/le pref]r$ a reque/ in/ead ( impos+ a comm&1 on ! gr\nd ( ,,*>ity4#ci ,he w\ld give ,philemon an opportunity ( dis*>g+ 8 obligations "u ! impulse ( love4 ,to ?is impulse1 he 0 confid5t ,philemon w\ld promptly & fully yield4 ,h[ c\ld he d o!rwise8 ,! ?+ itself 0 "r4 ,! reque/ respect+ x came f a b5efactor1 to :om1 "u ,god1 he 0 "u ! highe/ obligations4#dj ,t b5efactor1 n[ an old man1 & 9 ! h&s ( p]secutors1 manife/$ a deep & t5d] int]e/ 9 ! matt] & _h ! /ronge/ p]suasion t ,philemon 0 m ready to grant ?an himself to entreat4 ,! result1 z he 0 soon to visit ,collosse1 & _h commission$ ,philemon to prep>e a lodg+ = him1 mu/ come "u ! eye ( ! apo/le4 ,! reque/ 0 s manife/ly reasonable & obligatory1 t ! apo/le1 aft] all1 describ$ a compliance ) x1 by ! /rong ^w ob$i5ce4#da ,footnote #cg3 ,v]se #h4 ,to ,greek3 anaekon4 ,see ,rob9son's ,new ,te/am5t ,lexicon2 x is fit1 prop]1 becom+1 x ought4 ,9 :at s5se ,k+ ,james' translators us$ ! ^w conv5i5t any "o may see :o w read ,rom4 i4 #bh & ,eph4 v4 #c1 #d4 ,footnote #ch3 ,v]se #h4 ,footnote #ci3 ,v]se #i--;,greek3 dia ta5 agapa5 ,footnote #dj3 ,v]se #ai4 ,footnote #da3 ,v]se #ba4 ,n[1 h[ mu/ all ?is h be5 und]/ood by ! *ur* at ,colosse8 --a *ur*1 d\btless1 made up ( su* mat]ials z ! *ur* at ,cor9?1 t is1 ( memb]s *iefly f ! humble/ walks ( life4 ,_m ( !m _h probably felt ! degradation & ta/$ ! bitt]ness ( ! s]vile condition4 ,w\ld !y h be5 likely to int]pret ! apo/le's lett] "u ! bias ( feel+s fri5dly to slav]y6--,& put ! slavehold]'s con/ruction on its cont5ts6 ,w\ld _! pa/ exp]i5ce or pres5t suff]+s--= d\btless "s ( !m 7 /ill "u ! yoke--h sugge/$ to _! ?\ghts su* glosses z "s ( our !ological pr(essors v5ture to put ^u ! words ( ! apo/le6 ,f> o!rwise4 ,! ,_s ( ! ,"l 0 !re1 & ! epi/le 0 read 9 ! light ( lib]ty4 ,x conta9$ ! pr9ciples ( holy fre$om1 fai?fully & affectionately appli$4 ,?is mu/ h made x preci\s 9 ! eyes ( su* m5 ( l[ degree z 7 mo/ ( ! believ]s1 & welcome to a place 9 ! sacr$ canon4 ,!re let x rema9 z a lum9\s & p[]ful def5ce ( ! cause ( emancipation6 ,b :at sai? ,pr(essor ,/u>t8 ,if any "o d\bts1 let him take ! case ( ,paul's s5d+ ,onesimus back to ,philemon1 ) an apology = 8 runn+ away1 & s5d+ him back to be 8 s]vant = life4#db ,footnote #db3 ,see 8 lett] to ,dr4 ,fisk1 supra pp4 #g1 #h ,paul s5t back ,onesimus to ,philemon4 ,by :at process8 ,did ! apo/le1 a prison] at ,rome1 seize ^u ! fugitive1 & drag him be=e "s he>tless & p]fidi\s ,judge1 = au?ority to s5d him back to ,colosse8 ,did he hurry 8 victim away f ! pres5ce ( ! fat & supple magi/rate1 to be driv5 "u *a9s & ! la% to ! field ( unrequit$ toil1 :5ce he _h escap$8 ,_h ! apo/le be5 l "s tea*]s 9 ! ,am]ican *ur*es1 he might1 z a pr(essor ( sacr$ lit]ature 9 "o ( our sem9>ies1 or a prea*] ( ! gospel to ! ri* 9 "s ( our cities1 h cons5t$ ?us to subs]ve ! peculi> int]e/s ( a de> slavehold+ bro!r4 ,b ! v5]able *ampion ( tru? & fre$om 0 himself "u bonds 9 ! imp]ial city1 wait+ = ! cr[n ( m>tyrdom4 ,he wrote a lett] to ! *ur* a ,colosse1 :i* 0 accu/om$ to meet at ! h\se ( ,philemon1 & ano!r lett] to t magnanim\s disciple1 & s5t !m by ! h& ( ,onesimus4 ,s mu* = ! way 9 :i* ,onesimus 0 s5t back to 8 ma/]4 ,a slave escapes f a patri>* 9 ,georgia1 & seeks a refuge 9 ! p>i% ( ! ,connecticut doctor ( ,div9ity1 :o once gave public notice t he saw no reason = c>+ = ! s]vitude ( 8 fell[ m54#dc ,"u 8 influ5ce1 ,caes> becomes a ,*ri/ian conv]t4 ,burn+ ) love = ! son :om he ha? begott5 9 ! gospel1 our doctor resolves to s5d him back to 8 ma/]4 ,accord+ly1 he writes a lett]1 gives x to ,caes>1 & bids him return1 /aff 9 h&1 to ! corn]-/one ( our republican in/itutions4 ,n[1 :at w\ld my ,caes> d1 :o _h ev] felt a l9k ( slav]y's *a98 ,z he left 8 spiritual fa!r1 %\ld we be surpris$ to he> him say to himself1 ,:at1 return ( my own accord to ! man :o1 ) ! h& ( a robb]1 pluck$ me f my "m's bosom6--= :om ,i h be5 s (t5 dr5*$ 9 ! sweat ( unrequit$ toil6--^: viol5ce s (t5 cut my fle% & sc>r$ my limbs6--:o %ut out e ray ( light f my m9d6--:o laid claim to ^? honors to :i* my ,creator & ,r$eem] only are entitl$6 ,& = :at am ,i to return8 ,to be curs$1 & smitt51 & sold6 ,to be tempt$1 & torn1 & de/roy$6 ,i _c ?us ?r[ myself away--?us ru% ^u my own de/ruction4 ,footnote #dc3 ,:y %\ld ,i c>e8 ,:o ev] he>d ( ! volunt>y return ( a fugitive f ,am]ican oppression8 ,d y ?9k t ! doctor & 8 fri5ds c\ld p]suade "o to c>ry a lett] to ! patri>* f :om he _h escap$8 ,& mu/ we believe ?is ( ,onesimus8 ,paul s5t back ,onesimus to ,philemon4 ,on :at occasion8--,if1 writes ! apo/le1 he ha? wrong$ !e1 or owe? ! aught1 put t on my acc\nt4 ,alive to ! claims ( duty1 ,onesimus w\ld re/ore :atev] he _h tak5 away4 ,he w\ld hone/ly pay 8 debts4 ,?is resolution ! apo/le w>mly approv$4 ,he 0 ready1 at :atev] exp5se1 to help 8 "y disciple 9 c>ry+ x into full effect4 ,( ?is he assur$ ,philemon1 9 language ! mo/ explicit & emphatic4 ,"h we f9d "o reason = ! conduct ( ,paul 9 s5d+ ,onesimus to ,philemon4 ,if a fugitive slave ( ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,smylie1 ( ,mississippi1 %\ld return to him ) a lett] f a doctor ( div9ity 9 ,new ,york1 conta9+ su* an assurance1 h[ w\ld ! rev]5d slavehold] dispose ( x8 ,:at1 he exclaims1 h we "h8 ,if ,cato has n be5 upright 9 8 pecuni>y int]c\rse ) y--if he owes y any ?+--put t on my acc\nt4 ,:at ignorance ( s\!rn in/itutions6 ,:at mock]y1 to talk ( pecuni>y int]c\rse betwe5 a slave & 8 ma/]6 ,! slave himself1 ) all he is & has1 is an article ( m]*&ise4 ,:at c he owe 8 ma/]8 ,a ru/ic may lay a wag] ) 8 mule1 & give ! creature ! peck ( oats :i* he has p]mitt$ x to w94 ,b :o1 9 sob] e>ne/1 w\ld call ?is a pecuni>y transaction8 ,,to ,,be ,,8 ,,s]vant ,,= ,,life6 ,f :at "p ( ! epi/le c\ld ! expositor h evolv$ a ?\ght s soo?+ to tyrants--s revolt+ to e man :o loves 8 own nature8 ,f ?is8 ,= p]haps he !re=e dep>t$ = a season1 t ?\ %\ld/ receive him = ev]4 ,receive him h[8 ,z a s]vant1 exclaims our comm5tator4 ,b :at wrote ! apo/le8 ,,n n[ z a s]vant1 b above a s]vant1 a bro!r belov$1 especially to me1 b h[ mu* m unto !e1 bo? 9 ! fle% & 9 ! ,"l4 ,:o au?oriz$ ! pr(essor to b]eave ! ^w n ( its negative influ5ce8 ,accord+ to ,paul1 ,philemon 0 to receive ,onesimus n z a s]vant2--accord+ to ,/u>t1 he 0 to receive him z a s]vant6 ,if ! pr(essor w apply ! same rules ( exposition to ! writ+s ( ! abolitioni/s1 all diff]5ce betwe5 him & !m mu/ 9 8 view pres5tly vani% away4 ,! h>moniz+ process w\ld be equally simple & effectual4 ,he has only to und]/& !m z affirm+ :at !y d5y1 & z d5y+ :at !y affirm4 ,suppose t ,pr(essor ,/u>t _h a son resid+1 at ! ,s\?4 ,8 slave1 hav+ /ol5 money ( 8 ma/]1 effect$ 8 escape4 ,he fl$ to ,&ov]1 to f9d a refuge among ! sons ( ! prophets4 ,!re he f9ds 8 way to ,pr(essor ,/u>t's h\se1 & (f]s to r5d] any s]vice :i* ! pr(essor1 dang]\sly ill ( a typhus fev]1 might require4 ,he is soon f\nd to be a mo/ active1 skilful1 fai?ful nurse4 ,he sp>es no pa9s1 night & day1 to make himself useful to ! v5]able suff]]4 ,he anticipates e want4 ,9 ! mo/ delicate & t5d] mann]1 he tries to soo? e pa94 ,he fa/5s himself /rongly on ! he>t ( ! rev]5d object ( 8 c>e4 ,t\*$ ) ! heav5ly _s1 ! meek demeanor1 ! submissive frame1 :i* ! sick b$ exhibits1 ,ar*y becomes a ,*ri/ian4 ,a new bond n[ ties him & 8 convalesc5t tea*] toge!r4 ,z soon z he is able to write1 ! pr(essor s5ds ,ar*y ) ! foll[+ lett] to ! ,s\?1 to ,isaac ,/u>t1 ,esq43-- ,,my ,,de> ,,son1--,) a h& enfeebl$ by a di/ress+ & dang]\s illness1 f :i* ,i am sl[ly recov]+1 ,i address y on a subject :i* lies v ne> my he>t4 ,i h a reque/ to urge1 :i* our mutual relation to ea* o!r1 & y\r /rong obligations to me1 w1 ,i _c d\bt1 make y eag] fully to grant4 ,i say a reque/1 ?\gh ! ?+ ,i ask is1 9 its v nature & on ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel1 obligatory ^u y4 ,i might1 !re=e1 boldly dem&1 :at ,i e>ne/ly entreat4 ,b ,i "k h[ g5]\s1 magnanim\s1 & ,*ri/-l y are1 & h[ readily y w 'd ev5 m ?an ,i say'--,i1 y\r own fa!r1 an old man1 almo/ exhau/$ ) multipli$ ex]tions = ! b5efit ( my family & my c\ntry & n[ j ris+1 emaciat$ & brok51 f ! br9k ( ! grave4 ,i write 9 behalf ( ,ar*y1 :om ,i reg>d ) ! affection ( a fa!r1 & :om1 inde$1 ',i h =gott5 9 my sickness4' ,gladly w\ld ,i h reta9$ him1 to be an ,isaac to me2 = h[ (t5 did n 8 soo?+ voice1 & skilful h&1 & unwe>i$ att5tion to my wants rem9d me ( y6 ,b ,i *ose to give y an opportunity ( manife/+1 volunt>ily1 ! goodness ( y\r he>t2 z1 if ,i _h reta9$ him ) me1 y might seem to h be5 =c$ to grant :at y w gratefully be/[4 ,8 tempor>y abs5ce f y may h op5$ ! way = 8 p]man5t cont9uance ) y4 ,n n[ z a slave4 ,heav5 =bid6 ,b sup]ior to a slave4 ,sup]ior1 did ,i say8 ,take him to y\r bosom1 z a belov$ bro!r2 = ,i own him z a son1 & reg>d him z su*1 9 all ! relations ( life1 bo? z a man & a ,*ri/ian4 ',receive him z myself4' ,& t no?+ may h9d] y f comply+ ) my reque/ at once1 ,i h]eby promise1 )\t adv]t+ to y\r _m & great obligations to me1 to pay y e c5t :i* he took f y\r draw]4 ,any prep>ation :i* my com=t ) y may require1 y w make )\t mu* delay1 :5 y le>n1 t ,i int5d1 z soon z ,i %all be able 'to p]=m ! j\rney1' to make y a visit4 ,& :at if ,dr4 ,baxt]1 9 giv+ an acc\nt ( ?is lett] %\ld publicly decl>e t ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 ( ,&ov] reg>d$ slavehold+ z lawful2 = t he _h s5t ,ar*y back to 8 son ,isaac1 ) an apology = 8 runn+ away to be held 9 p]petual slav]y8 ,) :at propriety might n ! pr(essor exclaim3 ,false1 e syllable false4 ,i s5t him back1 ,,n ,,to ,,be ,,held ,,z ,a ,,slave1 b recogniz$ z a de> bro!r1 9 all respects1 "u e relation1 civil & ecclesia/ical4 ,i bade my son receive ,ar*y z myself4 ,if ?is 0 n equival5t to a requisition to set him fully & mo/ honorably free1 & t1 too1 on ! gr\nd ( natural obligation & ,*ri/ian pr9ciple1 !n ,i "k n h[ to frame su* a requisition4 ,i am well aw>e t my supposition is by no means /rong en\gh fully to illu/rate ! case to :i* x is appli$4 ,pr(essor ,/u>t lacks apo/olical au?ority4 ,isaac ,/u>t is n a lead+ memb] ( a *ur* consi/+1 z ! e>ly *ur*es *iefly consi/$1 ( :at ! _w reg>d z ! dregs ( society--! (fsc\r+ ( all ?+s4 ,nor 0 slav]y at ,colosse1 x seems1 support$ by su* b>b>\s usages1 su* horrid laws z disgrace ! ,s\?4 ,b x is "t to turn to ano!r passage :i*1 9 its be>+ on ! subject 9 h&1 is1 9 our view1 z well z 9 ! view ( ,dr4 ,fisk4 & ,pr(4 ,/u>t1 9 ! highe/ degree au?oritative & in/ructive4 ,let z _m s]vants z are "u ! yoke c\nt _! own ma/]s wor?y ( all honor1 t ! "n ( ,god & 8 doctr9es be n blasphem$4 ,& !y t h believ+ ma/]s1 let !m n despise !m because !y are bre?r52 b r d !m s]vice1 because !y are fai?ful & belov$1 p>tak]s ( ! b5efit4 #dd ,footnote #dd3 #a ,tim4 vi4 #a4 #b4 ,! foll[+ exposition ( ?is passage is f ! p5 ( ,,elizur ,,wright1 ,,jr43-- ,?is ^w ,greek3 antilambane/hai 9 our humble op9ion1 has be5 s unfairly us$ by ! comm5tators1 t we feel con/ra9$ to take its "p4 ,our excell5t translators1 9 r5d]+ ! clause 'p>tak]s ( ! b5efit1' evid5tly lo/ sight ( ! compon5t preposition1 :i* expresses ! opposition ( reciprocity1 r ?an ! connection ( p>ticipation4 ,!y h giv5 x exactly ! s5se ( ,greek3 metalambane91 7#b ,tim4 ii4 #f47 ,_h ! apo/le int5d$ su* a s5se1 he w\ld h us$ ! latt] v]b1 or "o ( ! m common words1 ,greek3 meto*oi1 ko9onomtes1 c4 7,see ,heb4 iii4 #a1 & #a ,tim4 v4 #bb1 :]e ! latt] ^w is us$ 9 ! clause1 'nei!r be p>tak] ( o!r m5's s9s4' ,_h ! v]b 9 our text be5 us$1 x might h be5 r5d]$1 'nei!r be ! "p-tak] ( o!r m5's s9s4'7 ,! prim>y s5se ( ,greek3 antilambans is to take 9 return--to take in/ead (1 c4 ,h5ce1 9 ! middle ) ! g5itive1 x signifies assi/1 or d "o's "p t[>ds ! p]son or ?+ express$ by t g5itive4 ,9 ?is s5se only is ! ^w us$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1--7,see ,luke i4 #ed1 & ,acts1 xx4 #ce47 ,if ?is be true1 ! ^w ,greek3 emsgesai _c signify ! b5efit conf]r$ by ! gospel1 z our common v]sion w\ld make x1 b ! well do+ ( ! s]vants1 :o %\ld cont9ue to s]ve _! believ+ ma/]s1 :ile !y 7 no long] "u ! yoke ( compulsion4 ,?is ^w is us$ else:]e 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t b once 7,acts4 iv4 #c47 9 relation to ! 'good de$' done to ! impot5t man4 ,! pla9 import ( ! clause1 unmy/ifi$ by ! comm5tators1 is1 t believ+ ma/]s w\ld n fail to d _! "p t[>ds1 or enc\rage by suitable returns1 ! free s]vice ( ^? :o _h once be5 "u ! yoke4 #a4 ,! apo/le addresses himself "h to two classes ( s]vants1 ) in/ructions to ea* respectively appropriate4 ,bo? ! "o class & ! o!r1 9 ,pr(essor ,/u>t's eye1 7 slaves4 ,?is he assumes1 & ?us begs ! v "q 9 dispute4 ,! t]m s]vant is g5]ic1 z us$ by ! sacr$ writ]s4 ,x compreh5ds all ! v>i\s (fices :i* m5 dis*>ge = ! b5efit ( ea* o!r1 h[ev] honorable1 or h[ev] m5ial2 f t ( an apo/le#de op5+ ! pa? to heav51 to t ( wa%+ "o ano!r's feet4#df ,a g5]al t]m x is1 compreh5d+ e (fice :i* belongs to human relations & ,*ri/ian "*4#dg ,footnote #de3 ,cor4 iv4 #e4 ,footnote #df3 ,john1 xiii1 #ad4 ,footnote #dg3 ,mat1 xx1 #bf-bh4 ,a lead+ signification gives u ! manual labor]1 to :om1 9 ! division ( labor1 muscul> ex]tion 0 allott$4 ,z 9 8 ex]tions ! bodily p[]s are especially employ$--su* p[]s z belong to man 9 common ) m]e animals--8 sph]e has g5]ally be5 consid]$ l[ & humble4 ,& z intellectual p[] is sup]ior to bodily1 ! manual labor] has always be5 expos$ 9 v num]\s ways & 9 v>i\s degrees to oppression4 ,cunn+1 intrigue1 ! oily tongue1 h1 ?r\gh ext5d$ & p[]ful conspiracies1 br\ght ! res\rces ( society "u ! control ( ! few1 :o /ood alo( f 8 homely toil4 ,h5ce 8 dep5d5ce ^u !m4 ,h5ce ! multipli$ injuries :i* h fall5 s heavily ^u him4 ,h5ce ! r$uction ( 8 wages f "o degree to ano!r1 till at l5g?1 9 ! case ( millions1 fraud & viol5ce /rip him ( 8 all1 blot 8 "n f ! record ( mank9d1 &1 putt+ a yoke ^u 8 neck1 drive him away to toil among ! cattle4 ,"h y f9d ! slave4 ,to r$uce ! s]vant to 8 condition1 requires abuses altoge!r mon/r\s--injuries rea*+ ! v vitals ( man--/abs ^u ! v he>t ( humanity4 ,n[1 :at "r has ,pr(essor ,/u>t to make ! ^w s]vants1 compreh5d+1 ev5 z manual labor]s1 s _m & su* v>i\s mean+s1 signify slaves1 especially :]e diff]5t classes are conc]n$8 ,su* a "r he c\ld nev] h d]iv$ f humanity1 or philosophy1 or h]m5eutics4 ,x is 8 by sympa?y ) ! oppressor8 ,yes1 diff]5t classes4 ,?is is impli$ 9 ! t]m z _m1#dh :i* sets ap>t ! class n[ to be address$4 ,f ^! he proce$s to o!rs1 :o are introduc$ by a p>ticle1#di ^: natural mean+ indicates ! pres5ce ( ano!r & a diff]5t subject4 ,footnote #dh3 ,greek3 ,o*li ,see ,pass['s ,s*neid]4 ,footnote #di3 ,greek3 ,dd4 ,see ,pass[4 #b4 ,! fir/ class are describ$ z "u ! yoke--a yoke f :i* !y 71 accord+ to ! apo/le1 to make _! escape if possible4#ej ,if n1 !y mu/ 9 e way reg>d ! ma/] ) respect--b[+ to 8 au?ority1 work+ 8 w1 subs]v+ 8 int]e/s s f> z might be consi/5t ) ,*ri/ian "*4#ea ,& ?is1 to prev5t blasphemy--to prev5t ! pagan ma/] f heap+ pr(ane reproa*es ^u ! "n ( ,god & ! doctr9es ( ! gospel4 ,!y %\ld bew>e ( r\s+ 8 passions1 :i*1 z 8 helpless victims1 !y might be unable to allay or )/&4 ,footnote #ej3 ,see #a ,cor4 vii1 #ba--;,greek3 ,all' ei kai dunasai eleuphoros g5e/hai4 ,footnote #ea3 ,see #a ,cor4 vii1 #bc--;,greek3 ,mae g9e/he d\los an?roton4 ,b all ! s]vants :om ! apo/le address$ 7 n "u ! yoke#eb--;an in/rum5t appropriate to cattle & to slaves4 ,^! he di/+ui%es f ano!r class1 :o in/ead ( a yoke--! badge ( a slave--_h believ+ ma/]s4 ,to h a believ+ ma/]1 !n1 0 equival5t to fre$om f ! yoke4 ,^! s]vants 7 exhort$ n to despise _! ma/]s4 ,:at ne$ ( su* an exhortation1 if _! ma/]s _h be5 slavehold]s1 hold+ !m z prop]ty1 wield+ !m z m]e in/rum5ts1 dispos+ ( !m z articles ( m]*&ise4 ,b ?is 0 n consi/5t ) believ+4 ,fai?1 break+ e yoke1 unit$ ma/] & s]vants 9 ! bonds ( bro!rhood4 ,bre?r5 !y 71 jo9$ 9 a relation :i*1 exclud+ ! yoke1#ec plac$ !m side by side on ! gr\nd ( equality1 :]e1 ea* 9 8 appropriate sph]e1 !y might ex]t !mselves freely & usefully1 to ! mutual b5efit ( ea* o!r4 ,"h1 s]vants might ne$ to be caution$ aga9/ gett+ above _! appropriate bus9ess1 putt+ on airs1 despis+ _! ma/]s1 & ?us decl9+ or neglect+ _! s]vice4 #ed ,in/ead ( ?is1 !y %\ld be1 z emancipat$ slaves (t5 h be51 #ee models ( ent]prise1 fidelity1 activity1 & usefulness--especially z _! ma/]s 7 wor?y ( _! confid5ce & love1 _! help]s 9 ?is well-do+4 ,footnote #eb3 ,see ,lev4 xxvi4 #ac2 ,isa lviii4 #f1 #i4 ,footnote #ec3 ,supra p4 #dd4 ,footnote #ed3 ,see ,mat4 vi4 #bd4 ,footnote #ee3 ,^?1 = in/ance1 set free by t believ+ ma/] ,james ,g4 ,birney4 ,su*1 !n1 is ! relation betwe5 ^? :o1 9 ! view ( ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 7 ,*ri/ian ma/]s & ,*ri/ian slaves #ef--! relation ( bre?r51 :i*1 exclud+ ! yoke1 & ( c\rse conf]r+ fre$om1 plac$ !m side by side on ! common gr\nd ( mutual s]vice1 bo? reta9+1 = conv5i5ce sake1 ! "o :ile giv+ & ! o!r :ile receiv+ employm5t1 ! correlative "n1 z is usual 9 su* cases1 "u :i* !y _h be5 kn[n4 ,su* 0 ! in/ruction :i* ,timo?y 0 requir$1 z a ,*ri/ian m9i/]1 to give4 ,0 x fri5dly to slavehold+8 ,footnote #ef3 ,lett] to ,dr4 ,fisk1 supra1 p4 #g4 ,& on :at gr\nd1 accord+ to ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor1 did ^! ma/]s & ^! s]vants /& 9 _! relation to ea* o!r8 ,on t ( a p]fect religi\s equality4#eg ,9 all ! relations1 duties1 & privileges--9 all ! objects1 int]e/s1 & prospects1 :i* belong to ! prov9ce ( ,*ri/ianity1 s]vants 7 z free z _! ma/]4 ,! p[]s ( ! "o1 7 all[$ z wide a range & z free an ex]cise1 ) z w>m enc\ragem5ts1 z active aids1 & z high results1 z ! o!r4 ,"h1 ! relation ( a s]vant to 8 ma/] impos$ no re/rictions1 involv$ no emb>rassm5ts1 occasion$ no injury4 ,all ?is1 cle>ly & c]ta9ly1 is impli$ 9 p]fect religi\s equality1 :i* ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor accords to s]vants 9 relation to _! ma/]4 ,might ! ma/]1 !n1 9 ord] m fully to atta9 ! great ends = :i* he 0 creat$ & r$eem$1 freely ex]t himself to increase 8 acqua9tance ) 8 own p[]s1 & relations1 & res\rces--) 8 prospects1 opportunities1 & advantages8 ,s might 8 s]vants4 ,0 he at lib]ty to /udy to approve himself to ,god1 to submit to 8 w & b[ to 8 au?ority1 z ! sole /&>d ( affection & ex]tion8 ,s 7 !y4 ,0 he at lib]ty to sanctify ! ,sabba?1 & frequ5t ! solemn assembly8 ,s 7 !y4 ,0 he at lib]ty s to honor ! filial1 conjugal1 & pat]nal relations1 z to f9d 9 !m t spr+ ( activity & t s\rce ( enjoym5t1 :i* !y are capable ( yield+8 ,s 7 !y4 ,9 e dep>tm5t ( int]e/ & ex]tion1 !y might use _! capacities1 & wield _! p[]s1 & improve _! opportunities1 & employ _! res\rces1 z freely z he1 9 glorify+ ,god1 9 bless+ mank9d1 & 9 lay+ up imp]i%able treasures = !mselves6 ,give p]fect religi\s equality to ! ,am]ican slave1 & ! mo/ eag] abolitioni/ mu/ be satisfi$4 ,su* equality w\ld1 l ! brea? ( ! ,almighty1 dissolve ! la/ l9k ( ! *a9 ( s]vitude4 ,d>e ^? :o1 = ! b5efit ( slav]y1 h giv5 s wide & active a circulation to ! ,pittsburg pamphlet1 make ! exp]im5t8 ,footnote #eg3 ,pittsburg ,pamphlet1 p4 #i4 ,9 ! epi/le to ! ,colossians1 ! foll[+ passage des]ves e>ne/ att5tion3--,s]vants1 obey 9 all ?+s y\r ma/]s accord+ to ! fle%2 n ) eye-s]vice1 z m5-pleas]s2 b 9 s+l5ess ( he>t1 fe>+ ,god3 & :atsoev] ye d1 d x he>tily1 z to ! ,"l1 & n unto m52 kn[+1 t ( ! ,"l ye %all receive ! rew>d ( ! inh]itance2 = ye s]ve ! ,"l ,*ri/4 ,b he t doe? wrong %all receive = ! wrong :i* he ha? done3 & !re is no respect ( p]sons4--,ma/]s1 give unto y\r s]vants t :i* is j & equal2 kn[+ t ye h a ,ma/] 9 heav54#eh ,footnote #eh3 ,col4 iii4 #bb to iv4 #a4 ,"h x is natural to rem>k-- #a4 ,t 9 ma9ta9+ ! relation1 :i* mutually unit$ !m1 bo? ma/]s & s]vants 7 to act 9 con=mity ) ! pr9ciples ( ! div9e gov]nm5t4 ,:atev] !y did1 s]vants 7 to d 9 he>ty ob$i5ce to ! ,"l1 by ^: au?ority !y 7 to be controll$ & by ^: h& !y 7 to be rew>d$4 ,to ! same ,"l1 & accord+ to ! same law1 0 ! ma/] to hold himself responsible4 ,bo? ! "o & ! o!r 7 ( c\rse equally at lib]ty & alike requir$ to /udy & apply ! /&>d1 by :i* !y 7 to be gov]n$ & judg$4 #b4 ,! basis ( ! gov]nm5t "u :i* !y ?us 7 plac$1 0 righte\sness--/rict1 /]n1 imp>tial4 ,no?+ "h ( bias or antipa?y4 ,bir?1 weal?1 /ation1--! du/ ( ! balance n s light6 ,bo? ma/] & s]vants 7 ha/5+ to a tribunal1 :]e no?+ ( respect ( p]sons c\ld be fe>$ or hop$ =4 ,!re ! wrong-do]1 :oev] he might be1 & :e!r f ! top or bottom ( society1 mu/ be dealt ) accord+ to 8 des]v+s4 #c4 ,"u ?is gov]nm5t1 s]vants 7 to be univ]sally & he>tily ob$i5t2 & bo? 9 ! pres5ce & abs5ce ( ! ma/]1 fai?fully to dis*>ge _! obligations4 ,! ma/] on 8 "p1 9 8 relations to ! s]vants1 0 to make ,,ju/ice ,,& ,,equality ! /&>d ( 8 conduct4 ,"u ! au?ority ( su* in/ructions1 slav]y falls disc\nt5anc$1 condemn$1 abhorr$4 ,x is flagrantly at w> ) ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 consi/s 9 respect ( p]sons ! mo/ %ameless & outrage\s1 treads ju/ice & equality "u foot1 & 9 its natural t5d5cy & practical effects is no?+ else ?an a sy/em ( wrong-do+4 ,:at h !y to d ) ! j & ! equal :o 9 _! respect ( p]sons proce$ to su* a pit* z to treat "o bro!r z a ?+ because he is a s]vant1 & place him1 )\t ! lea/ reg>d to 8 welf>e "h1 or 8 prospects h]eaft]1 absolutely at ! disposal ( ano!r bro!r1 "u ! "n ( ma/]1 9 ! relation ( own] to prop]ty8 ,ju/ice & equality on ! "o h&1 & ! *attel pr9ciple on ! o!r1 are naturally subv]sive ( ea* o!r--pro( cle> & decisive t ! correlates1 ma/]s & s]vants1 _c "h be r5d]$ slaves & own]s1 )\t ! grosse/ absurdity & ! greate/ viol5ce4 ,s]vants1 be ob$i5t to !m t are y\r ma/]s accord+ to ! fle%1 ) fe> & trembl+1 9 s+l5ess ( y\r he>t1 z unto ,*ri/2 n ) eye-s]vice1 z m5-pleas]s2 b z ! s]vants ( ,*ri/1 do+ ! w ( ,god f ! he>t2 ) good w do+ s]vice1 z to ! ,"l1 & n to m53 kn[+ t :atsoev] good ?+ any man doe?1 ! same %all he receive ( ! ,"l1 :e!r he be bond or free4 ,&1 ye ma/]s1 d ! same ?+s unto !m1 =be>+ ?reat5+3 kn[+ t y\r ,ma/] also is 9 heav52 nei!r is !re respect ( p]sons ) him4#ei ,footnote #ei3 ,ephesians1 vi4 #e-i4 ,)\t repeat+ "h :at has already be5 (f]$ 9 exposition ( k9dr$ passages1 x may be suffici5t to say3-- #a4 ,t ! relation ( ! s]vants "h address$1 to _! ma/]1 0 adapt$ to make him ! object ( _! he>t-felt atta*m5t4 ,o!rwise !y c\ld n h be5 requir$ to r5d] him an affectionate s]vice4 #b4 ,?is relation dem&$ a p]fect reciprocity ( b5efits4 ,x _h its s\l 9 good-w1 mutually *]i%$ & prop]ly express$4 ,h5ce ,,! ,,same ,,?+s1 ! same 9 pr9ciple1 ! same 9 sub/ance1 ! same 9 _! mutual be>+ ^u ! welf>e ( ! ma/] & ! s]vants1 0 to be r5d]$ back & =? by ! "o & ! o!r4 ,x 0 cle>ly ! relation ( mutual s]vice4 ,d we "h f9d ! *attel pr9ciple8 #c4 ,( c\rse1 ! s]vants might n be slack1 "t-s]v+1 unfai?ful4 ,( c\rse1 ! ma/] mu/ ,,=be> ,,?reat5+4 ,slav]y )\t ?reat5+6 ,impossible4 ,:]ev] ma9ta9$1 x is ( necessity a sy/em ( ?reat5+1 inject+ into ! bosom ( ! slave su* t]rors1 z nev] cease = a mom5t to haunt & torm5t him4 ,take f ! *attel pr9ciple ! support1 :i* x d]ives f ?reat5+1 & y annihilate x at once & =ev]4 #d4 ,?is relation 0 to be ma9ta9$ 9 accordance ) ! pr9ciples ( ! div9e gov]nm5t1 :]e ,,respect ,,( ,,p]sons c\ld n be admitt$4 ,x 01 !re=e1 totally inconsi/5t )1 & submissive (1 ! *attel pr9ciple1 :i* 9 ,am]ican slav]y is develop$ 9 a sy/em ( respect ( p]sons1 equally gross & hurtful4 ,no ,abolitioni/1 h[ev] eag] & det]m9$ 9 8 opposition to slav]y1 c\ld ask = m ?an ^! precepts1 once obey$1 w\ld be sure to conf]4 ,! relation ( slav]y1 accord+ to ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 is recogniz$ 9 ! precepts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 z "o :i* may /ill exi/ )\t violat+ ! ,*ri/ian fai? or ! *ur*4#fj ,slav]y & ! *attel pr9ciple6 ,s our pr(essor ?9ks2 o!rwise 8 ref]5ce has no?+ to d ) ! subject--) ! slav]y :i* ! abolitioni/1 :om he d]ides1 /&s oppos$ to4 ,h[ gross & hurtful is ! mi/ake into :i* he all[s himself to fall4 ,! relation recogniz$ 9 ! precepts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t _h its basis & support 9 ju/ice & equality2 ! v opposite ( ! *attel pr9ciple2 a relation :i* may exi/ z long z ju/ice & equality rema91 & ?us escape ! de/ruction to :i*1 9 ! view ( ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 slav]y is doom$4 ,! description ( ,paul oblit]ates e feature ( ,am]ican slav]y1 rais+ ! s]vant to equality ) 8 ma/]1 & plac+ 8 rights "u ! protection ( ju/ice2 yet ! eye ( ,pr(essor ,/u>t c see no?+ 9 8 ma/] & s]vant b a slave & 8 own]4 ,) ?is relation he is s ?or\ghly possess$1 t1 l an evil angel1 x haunts him ev5 :5 he ent]s ! temple ( ju/ice6 ,footnote #fj3 ,lett] to ,dr4 ,fisk1 supra p4 #g4 ,x is rem>kable1 sai? ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor1 t !re is n ev5 an exhortation 9 ! writ+s ( ! apo/les to ma/]s to lib]ate _! slaves1 mu* less is x urg$ z an imp]ative & imm$iate duty4#fa ,x w\ld be rem>kable1 inde$1 if !y 7 *>geable ) a defect s great & gl>+4 ,& s !y h no?+ to say ^u ! subject8 ,t n ev5 ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor has ! assurance to affirm4 ,he admits t ,,k9dness1 ,,m]cy1 ,,& ,,ju/ice1 7 enjo9$ ) a di/9ct ref]5ce to ! gov]nm5t ( ,god4#fb ,)\t respect ( p]sons1 !y 7 to be ,god-l 9 do+ ju/ice4 ,!y 7 to act ! "p ( k9d & m]ciful bre?r54 ,& :i!r w\ld ?is lead !m8 ,c\ld !y /op %ort ( re/or+ to e man 8 natural1 inali5able rights8--( do+ :at !y c\ld to r$ress ! wrongs1 soo? ! sorr[s1 improve ! "*1 & raise ! condition ( ! degrad$ & oppress$8 ,especially1 if oppress$ & degrad$ by any ag5cy ( !irs4 ,c\ld x be k9d1 m]ciful1 or j to keep ! *a9s ( slav]y on _! helpless1 un(f5d+ bro!r8 ,w\ld ?is be to honor ! ,gold5 ,rule1 or obey ! second great comm& ( _! ,ma/] 9 ,heav58 ,c\ld ! apo/les h subs]v$ ! cause ( fre$om m directly1 intelligibly1 & effectually1 ?an to enjo9 ! pr9ciples1 & s5tim5ts1 & habits1 9 :i* fre$om consi/s--con/itut+ its liv+ root & fruitful g]m6 ,footnote #fa3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 p4 #i4 ,footnote #fb3 ,! same1 p4 #aj4 ,! ,pr9ceton pr(essor himself1 9 ! v pap] :i* ! ,s\? has s w>mly welcom$ & s l\dly applaud$ z a scriptural def5ce ( ! peculi> in/itution1 ma9ta9s1 t ! ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,! ,,gospel h ,,de/roy$ ,,slav]y ?r\gh\t ! great] "p ( ,*ri/5dom#fc--,,t ,,*ri/ianity ,,has ,,aboli%$ ,,bo? ,,political ,,& ,,dome/ic ,,bondage ,,:]ev] ,,x ,,has ,,_h ,,free ,,scope--t x ,,enjo9s a fair comp5sation = labor2 insi/s on ! m5tal & intellectual improvem5t ( ,,all classes ( m52 condemns ,,all infractions ( m>ital or p>5tal rights2 requires1 9 %ort1 n only t ,,free ,,scope %\ld be all[$ to human improvem5t1 b t ,,all ,,suitable ,,means %\ld be employ$ = ! atta9m5t ( t end4#fd ,x is inde$ rem>kable1 t :ile nei!r ,*ri/ nor 8 apo/les ev] gave an exhortation to ma/]s to lib]ate _! slaves1 !y enjo9$ su* g5]al pr9ciples z h de/roy$ dome/ic slav]y ?r\gh\t ! great] "p ( ,*ri/5dom2 t :ile ,*ri/ianity =be>s to urge emancipation z an imp]ative & imm$iate duty1 x ?r[s a b>ri]1 heav5 high1 ar\nd e dome/ic circle2 protects all ! rights ( ! husb& & ! fa!r2 gives e labor] a fair comp5sation2 & makes ! moral & intellectual improvem5t ( all classes1 ) free scope & all suitable means1 ! object ( its t5d] solicitude & high au?ority4 ,?is is n only rem>kable1 b inexplicable4 ,yes & no--hot & cold1 9 "o & ! same brea?6 ,& yet ^! ?+s /& prom95t 9 :at is reckon$ an acute1 +5i\s1 effective def5ce ( slav]y6 ,footnote #fc3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 p4 #ah1 #ai4 ,footnote #fd3 ,! same1 p4 #ca4 ,9 8 lett] to ! ,cor9?ian *ur*1 ! apo/le ,paul furni%es ano!r lesson ( in/ruction1 expressive ( 8 views & feel+s on ! subject ( slav]y4 ,let e man abide 9 ! same call+ :]e9 he 0 call$4 ,art ?\ call$ be+ a s]vant8 c>e n = x2 b if ?\ maye/ be made free1 use x r4 ,= he t is call$ 9 ! ,"l1 be+ a s]vant1 is ! ,"l's freeman3 likewise also he t is call$1 be+ free1 is ,*ri/'s s]vant4 ,ye are b\ght ) a price2 be n ye ! s]vants ( m54 #fe ,footnote #fe3 #a ,cor4 vii4 #bj-bc4 ,9 expla9+ & apply+ ?is passage1 x is prop] to sugge/3 #a4 ,t x c\ld n h be5 ! object ( ! apo/le to b9d ! ,cor9?ian conv]ts to ! /ations & employm5ts 9 :i* ! gospel f\nd !m4 ,= he exhorts "s ( !m to escape1 if possible1 f _! pres5t condition4 ,9 ! s]vile /ate1 "u ! yoke1 !y ought n to rema9 unless impell$ by /]n necessity4 ,if ?\ can/ be free1 use x r4 ,if !y ought to pref] fre$om to bondage & to ex]t !mselves to escape f ! latt] = ! sake ( ! =m]1 c\ld _! ma/] consi/5tly ) ! claims & _s ( ! gospel h h9d]$ or disc\rag$ !m 9 s do+8 ,_! bro!r c\ld he be1 :o kept ! yoke ^u _! neck1 :i* ! apo/le w\ld h !m %ake (f if possible8 ,& _h su* ma/]s be5 memb]s ( ! ,cor9?ian *ur*1 :at inf]5ces mu/ !y h drawn f ?is exhortation to _! s]vants8 ,t ! apo/le reg>d$ slav]y z a ,*ri/ian in/itution8--or c\ld look complac5tly on any ef=ts to introduce or ma9ta9 x 9 ! *ur*8 ,c\ld !y h expect$ less f him ?an a /]n rebuke1 if !y refus$ to ex]t !mselves 9 ! cause ( fre$om8 #b4 ,b :ile !y 7 to use _! fre$om1 if !y c\ld obta9 x1 !y %\ld n1 ev5 on su* a subject1 give !mselves up to ceaseless anxiety4 ,! ,"l 0 no respect] ( p]sons4 ,!y ne$ n fe>1 t ! l[ e/ate1 to :i* !y _h be5 wick$ly r$uc$1 w\ld prev5t !m f enjoy+ ! gifts ( 8 h& or ! light ( 8 c\nt5ance4 ,he w\ld respect _! rights1 soo? _! sorr[s1 & p\r ^u _! he>ts1 & *]i% !re1 ! _s ( lib]ty4 ,= he t is call$ 9 ! ,"l1 be+ a s]vant1 is ! ,"l's freeman4 ,9 him1 !re=e1 %\ld !y *e]fully confide4 #c4 ,! apo/le1 h[ev]1 =bids !m s to acquiesce 9 ! s]vile relation1 z to act inconsi/5tly ) _! ,*ri/ian obligations4 ,to _! ,savior !y belong$4 ,by 8 blood !y _h be5 pur*as$4 ,x %\ld be _! great object1 !re=e1 to r5d] ,him a he>ty & effective s]vice4 ,!y %\ld p]mit no man1 :oev] he might be1 to ?ru/ 9 himself betwe5 !m & _! ,r$eem]4 ,ye are b\ght ) a price2 ,,be ,,n ,,ye ,,! ,,s]vants ,,( ,,m54 ,) 8 eye ^u ! passage j quot$ & expla9$1 ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor ass]ts t ,paul repres5ts ?is relation--! relation ( slav]y--z ( comp>atively little acc\nt4#ff ,& ?is he applies--o!rwise x is no?+ to 8 purpose--to ,am]ican slav]y4 ,does he !n reg>d x z a small matt]1 a m]e trifle1 to be ?r[n "u ! slave-laws ( ?is republic1 grimly & fi]cely exclud+ _! victim f almo/ e means ( improvem5t1 & field ( usefulness1 & s\rce ( com=t2 & mak+ him1 body & sub/ance1 ) 8 wife & babes1 ! s]vant ( m58 ,c\ld su* a relation be acquiesc$ 9 consi/5tly ) ! in/ructions ( ! apo/le8 ,footnote #ff3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 p4#aj4 ,to ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor we comm5d a practical trial ( ! be>+ ( ! passage 9 h& ^u ,am]ican slav]y4 ,8 reg>d = ! unity & prosp]ity ( ! ecclesia/ical organizations1 :i* 9 v>i\s =ms & "u diff]5t names1 unite ! s\!rn ) ! nor!rn *ur*es1 w make ! exp]im5t grateful to 8 feel+s4 ,let him1 !n1 z soon z 8 conv5i5ce w p]mit1 proce$ to ,georgia4 ,no religi\s tea*] #fg f any free ,/ate1 c be likely to receive s g5]al & s w>m a welcome !re4 ,to allay ! heat1 :i* ! doctr9es & movem5ts ( ! abolitioni/s h occasion$ 9 ! s\!rn m9d1 let him ) z mu* despat* z possible1 collect1 z he goes f place to place1 ma/]s & _! slaves4 ,n[ let all m51 :om x may conc]n1 see & own t slav]y is a ,*ri/ian in/itution6 ,) 8 ,bible 9 8 h& & 8 eye ^u ! passage 9 "q1 he addresses himself to ! task ( in/ruct+ ! slaves ar\nd him4 ,let n y\r he>ts1 my bre?r51 be ov]*>g$ ) sorr[1 or eat5 up ) anxiety4 ,y\r s]vile condition _c deprive y ( ! fa!rly reg>ds ( ,him :o is no respect] ( p]sons4 ,fre$om y ought1 inde$1 to pref]4 ,if y c escape f ! yoke1 ?r[ x (f4 ,9 ! mean "t rejoice t :]e ! ,_s ( ! ,"l is1 !re is lib]ty2 t ! gospel places slaves on a p]fect religi\s equality ) _! ma/]2 s t e ,*ri/ian is ! ,"l's freeman4 ,&1 = y\r enc\ragem5t1 rememb] t ,*ri/ianity has aboli%$ bo? political & dome/ic s]vitude :]ev] x has _h free scope4 ,x enjo9s a fair comp5sation = labor2 x insi/s on ! moral & intellectual improvem5t ( all classes ( m52 x condemns all infractions ( m>ital or p>5tal rights2 9 %ort x requires n only t free scope be all[$ to human improvem5t1 b t all suitable means %\ld be employ$ = ! atta9m5t ( t end4 #fh ,let y\r lives1 !n1 be honorable to y\r relations to y\r ,savior4 ,he b\ght y ) 8 own blood2 & is entitl$ to y\r w>me/ love & mo/ effective s]vice4 ,be n ye ! s]vants ( m54 ,let no human arrangem5ts prev5t y1 z citiz5s ( ! k+dom ( heav51 f mak+ ! mo/ ( y\r p[]s & opportunities4 ,w\ld su* an ef=t1 g5]ally & he>tily made1 allay excitem5t at ! ,s\?1 & qu5* ! flames ( discord1 e day ris+ high] & wax+ hott]1 9 almo/ e "p ( ! republic1 & cem5t ! ,union8 ,footnote #fg3 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,savage1 ( ,utica1 ,new ,york1 _h1 n v long ago1 a free conv]sation ) a g5tleman ( high /&+ 9 ! lit]>y & religi\s _w f a slavehold+ ,/ate1 :]e ! peculi> in/itution is *]i%$ ) great w>m? & ma9ta9$ ) iron rigor4 ,by him1 ,mr4 ,savage 0 assur$1 t ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor _h1 ?r\gh ! ,pittsburg pamphlet1 contribut$ mo/ p[]fully & effectually to br+ ! :ole ,s\? "u ! p]suasion1 t slavehold+ is 9 itself "r--a sy/em to :i* ! ,bible gives c\nt5ance & support4 ,9 an extract f an article 9 ! ,s\!rn ,*ri/ian ,s5t9el1 a new ,presbyt]ian pap] e/abli%$ 9 ,*>le/on1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 & ins]t$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,j\rnal = ,m>* #ba1 #ahci1 we f9d ! foll[+ p>agraphs f ! p5 ( ,rev4 ,c4,w4 ,h[>d1 &1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,*e/]1 ably & freely endors$ by ! editor4 ,!re is sc>cely any div]sity ( s5tim5t at ! ,nor? ^u ?is subject4 ,! great mass ( ! p1 believ+ slav]y to be s9ful1 are cle>ly ( ! op9ion t1 z a sy/em1 x %\ld be aboli%$ ?r\gh\t ?is l& & ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,!y diff] z to ! "t & mode ( abolition4 ,! abolitioni/s consi/5tly argue1 t :atev] is s9ful %\ld be in/antly ab&on$4 ,! o!rs1 by a /range sort ( reason+ = ,*ri/ian m51 cont5d t ?\gh slav]y is s9ful1 yet x may be all[$ to exi/ until x %all he exp$i5t to aboli% x2 or1 if1 9 _m cases1 ?is reason+ might be translat$ into pla9 ,engli%1 ! s5se w\ld be1 bo? 9 ,*ur* & ,/ate1 slav]y1 ?\gh s9ful1 may be all[$ to exi/ until our int]e/ w suff] u to say t x mu/ be aboli%$4 ,?is is n sl&]2 x is simply a pla9 way ( /at+ a pla9 tru?4 ,x does seem ! evid5t duty ( e man to become an abolitioni/1 :o believes slav]y to be s9ful1 = ! ,bible all[s no tamp]+ ) s94 ,to ^! rem>ks1 !re are "s noble exceptions1 to be f\nd 9 bo? p>ties 9 ! *ur*4 ,! ,s\? owes a debt ( gratitude to ! ,biblical ,rep]tory1 = ! fe>less argum5t 9 behalf ( ! position1 t slav]y is n =bidd5 by ! ,bible4 ,! writ] ( t article is said1 )\t contradiction1 to be ,pr(essor ,hodge1 ( ,pr9ceton--,,8 ,,"n ,,ought ,,to ,,be ,,kn[n ,,& ,,rev]$ ,,among ,,y1 my bre?r51 = 9 a l& ( anti-slav]y m51 he is ! ,,only ,,"o :o has d>$ to v9dicate y\r "* f ! s]i\s *>ge ( liv+ 9 ! habitual transgression ( ,god's holy law4 ,footnote #fh3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 p4 #ca4 ,x is1 affirms ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor1 on all h&s ackn[l$g$1 t1 at ! "t ( ! adv5t ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 slav]y 9 its wor/ =ms prevail$ ov] ! :ole _w4 ,! ,savior f\nd x ar\nd him ,,9 ,,judea4#fi ,to say t he f\nd x 9 ,judea1 is to speak ambigu\sly4 ,_m ?+s 7 to be f\nd 9 ,judea1 :i* nei!r belong$ to1 nor 7 *>act]i/ic ( ! ,jews4 ,x is n d5i$ t ! ,g5tiles1 :o resid$ among !m1 might h _h slaves2 b ( ! ,jews ?is is d5i$4 ,h[ c\ld ! pr(essor take t z grant$1 ! pro( ( :i* ent]$ vitally into ! argum5t & 0 ess5tial to ! s\ndness ( ! conclusions to :i* he w\ld conduct u8 ,h[ c\ld he take advantage ( an ambigu\s expression to conduct 8 confid+ read]s on to a position :i*1 if 8 own eyes 7 op51 he mu/ h kn[n !y c\ld n hold 9 ! light ( op5 day6 ,footnote #fi3 ,! same1 p4 #i ,we d n *>ge ! ,savior ) any want ( wisdom1 goodness1 or c\rage1#gj = refus+ to break d[n ! wall ( p>tition betwe5 ,jews & ,g5tiles be=e ! "t appo9t$4 ,:ile ?is b>ri] /ood1 he c\ld n1 consi/5tly ) ! plan ( r$emption1 imp>t in/ruction freely to ! ,g5tiles4 ,to "s ext5t1 & on extraord9>y occasions1 he might h done s4 ,b 8 bus9ess !n 0 ) ! lo/ %eep ( ! h\se ( ,israel4 #ga ,! propriety ( ?is arrangem5t is n ! matt] ( dispute betwe5 ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor & ourselves4 ,footnote #gj3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 p4 #aj4 ,footnote #ga3 ,matt4 xv4 #bd4 ,9 dispos+ ( ! "q :e!r ! ,jews held slaves dur+ our ,savior's inc>nation among !m1 ! foll[+ po9ts des]ve e>ne/ att5tion3-- #a4 ,slavehold+ is inconsi/5t ) ! ,mosaic economy4 ,= ! pro( ( ?is1 we w\ld ref] our read]s1 among o!r argum5ts m or less appropriate & p[]ful1 to ! tract already allud$ to4#gb ,9 all ! ext]nal relations & visible arrangem5ts ( life1 ! ,jews1 dur+ our ,savior's m9i/ry among !m1 seem to h be5 scrupul\sly obs]vant ( ! in/itutions & usages ( ! ,old ,disp5sation4 ,!y /ood f> alo( f :atev] 0 *>act]i/ic ( ,sam>itans & ,g5tiles4 ,f idolatry & slavehold+--^? tw9-vices :i* _h always s greatly prevail$ among ! hea!n--!y seem at l5g?1 z ! result ( a mo/ pa9ful discipl9e1 to h be5 effectually divorc$4 ,footnote #gb3 ,! ,bible aga9/ ,slav]y4 #b4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 ,john ! ,bapti/2 ) m>k$ fidelity & great p[]1 act$ among ! ,jews ! "p ( a reprov]1 he f\nd no occasion to repeat & apply ! language ( 8 pr$ecessors1#gc 9 expos+ & rebuk+ idolatry & slavehold+4 ,c\ld he1 ! greate/ ( ! prophets1 h be5 less effectually ar\s$ by ! pres5ce ( ! yoke1 ?an 0 ,isaiah8--or less intrepid & decisive 9 expos+ & d5\nc+ ! s9 ( oppression "u its mo/ hateful & injuri\s =ms8 ,footnote #gc3 ,psalm lxxxii2 ,isa4 lviii4 #a-ab ,j]4 xxii4 #ac-af4 #c4 ,! ,savior 0 n backw>d 9 apply+ 8 own pr9ciples pla9ly & po9t$ly to su* =ms ( oppression z appe>$ among ! ,jews4 ,^! pr9ciples1 :5ev] !y h be5 freely act$ on1 ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor admits1 h aboli%$ dome/ic bondage4 ,_h ?is prevail$ )9 ! sph]e ( our ,savior's m9i/ry1 he c\ld n1 consi/5tly ) 8 g5]al "*1 h fail$ to expose & condemn x4 ,! oppression ( ! p by lordly ecclesia/ics1 ( p>5ts by _! selfi% *ildr51 ( wid[s by _! gho/ly c\nsellors1 drew f 8 lips scor*+ rebukes & t]rible d5unciations4#gd ,h[1 !n1 mu/ he h felt & spoke 9 ! pres5ce ( su* tyranny1 if su* tyranny _h be5 )9 8 (ficial sph]e1 z %\ld h made wid[s1 by driv+ _! husb&s to "s fle%-m>ket1 & _! *ildr5 n orphans1 b cattle8 ,footnote #gd3 ,matt4 xxiii2 ,m>k1 vii4 #a-ac4 #d4 ,dome/ic slav]y 0 manife/ly inconsi/5t ) ! indu/ry1 :i*1 9 ! =m ( manual labor1 s g5]ally prevail$ among ! ,jews4 ,9 "o connection1 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 we are in=m$1 t1 com+ f ,a!ns to ,cor9?1 ,paul f\nd a c]ta9 ,jew1 nam$ ,aquila1 born 9 ,pontus1 lately come f ,italy1 ) 8 wife ,priscilla2 7because t ,claudius _h comm&$ all ,jews to dep>t f ,rome27 & came unto !m4 ,& because he 0 ( ! same craft1 he abode ) !m & wr\ght3 7= by _! occupation !y 7 t5t-mak]s47#ge ,?is passage has op5$ ! way = diff]5t comm5tators to ref] u to ! public s5tim5t & g5]al practice ( ! ,jews respect+ useful indu/ry & manual labor4 ,accord+ to ,lightfoot1 x 0 _! cu/om to br+ up _! *ildr5 to "s trade1 yea1 ?\gh !y gave !m le>n+ or e/ates4 ,accord+ to ,rabbi ,judah1 ,he t tea*es n 8 son a trade1 is z if he taught him to be a ?ief4#gf ,x 01 ,ku9oel affirms1 cu/om>y ev5 = ,jewi% tea*]s to unite labor 7opificium7 ) ! /udy ( ! law4 ,?is he confirms by ! highe/ ,rabb9ical au?ority4#gg ,he9ri*s quotes a ,rabbi z tea*+1 t no man %\ld by any means neglect to tra9 8 son to hone/ indu/ry4#gh ,accord+ly1 ! apo/le ,paul1 ?\gh br\ght up at ! feet ( ,gamaliel1 ! di/+ui%$ disciple ( a mo/ illu/ri\s tea*]1 practis$ ! art ( t5t-mak+4 ,8 own h&s m9i/]$ to 8 necessities2 & 8 example is s do+1 he comm5ds to 8 ,g5tile bre?r5 = _! imitation4#gi ,t ,zeb$ee1 ! fa!r ( ,john ! ,evangeli/1 _h weal?1 v>i\s h9ts 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t r5d] probable4#hj ,yet h[ d we f9d him & 8 sons1 :ile prosecut+ _! appropriate bus9ess8 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! hir$ s]vants1 9 ! %ip m5d+ _! nets4#ha ,footnote #ge3 ,acts1 xviii4 #a-c4 ,footnote #gf3 ,h5ry on ,acts1 xviii4 #a-c4 ,footnote #gg3 ,ku9oel on ,acts4 ,footnote #gh3 ,he9ri*s on ,acts4 ,footnote #gi3 ,acts1 xx4 #cd1 #ce2 #a ,!ss4 iv4 #aa4 ,footnote #hj3 ,see ,ku9oel's ,prolegom4 to ! ,gospel ( ,john4 ,footnote #ha3 ,m>k1 i4 #ai1 #bj4 ,slav]y among a p :o1 f ! highe/ to ! l[e/1 7 us$ to manual labor6 ,:at occasion = slav]y !re8 ,& h[ c\ld x be ma9ta9$8 ,no place c be f\nd = slav]y among a p g5]ally inur$ to useful indu/ry4 ,) su*1 especially if m5 ( le>n+1 weal?1 & /ation1 labor1 work+ ) _! h&s1 su* labor mu/ be honorable4 ,on ?is subject1 let ,jewi% maxims & ,jewi% habits be adopt$ at ! ,s\?1 & ! peculi> in/itution w\ld vani% l a gho/ at daybreak4 #e4 ,ano!r h9t1 "h des]v+ p>ticul> att5tion1 is furni%$ 9 ! allusions ( ! ,new ,te/am5t to ! l[e/ ca/s & mo/ s]vile employm5ts among ! ,jews4 ,) pr(ligates1 publicans 7 jo9$ z deprav$ & contemptible4 ,! outca/s ( society 7 describ$1 n z fit to h]d ) slaves1 b z des]v+ a place among ,sam>itans & publicans4 ,!y 7 hir$ s]vants1 :om ,zeb$ee employ$4 ,9 ! p>able ( ! prodigal son we h a weal?y ,jewi% family4 ,"h s]vants seem to h ab\nd$4 ,! prodigal1 bitt]ly bewail+ 8 wret*$ness & folly1 describ$ _! condition z greatly sup]ior to 8 own4 ,h[ happy ! *ange :i* %\ld place him by _! side8 ,8 remorse1 & %ame1 & p5it5ce made him will+ to embrace ! lot ( ! l[e/ ( !m all4 ,b ^!--:at 0 _! condition8 ,!y 7 ,,hir$ ,,s]vants4 ,make me z "o ( ?y hir$ s]vants4 ,su* he ref]s to z ! l[e/ m5ials kn[n 9 ,jewi% life4 ,lay su* h9ts z h n[ be5 sugge/$ toge!r2 let x be rememb]$1 t slav]y 0 inconsi/5t ) ! ,mosaic economy2 t ,john ! ,bapti/ 9 prep>+ ! way = ! ,messiah makes no ref]5ce to ! yoke :i*1 _h x be5 be=e him1 he w\ld1 l ,isaiah1 h condemn$2 t ! ,savior1 :ile he took ! "p ( ! poor & sympa?iz$ ) ! oppress$1 0 evid5tly sp>$ ! pa9 ( witness+ )9 ! sph]e ( 8 m9i/ry1 ! pres5ce1 ( ! *attel pr9ciple1 t x 0 ! habit ( ! ,jews1 :oev] !y might be1 high or l[1 ri* or poor1 le>n$ or rude1 to labor1 work+ ) _! h&s2 & t :]e ref]5ce 0 _h to ! mo/ m5ial employm5ts1 9 families1 !y 7 describ$ z c>ri$ on by hir$ s]vants2 & ! "q ( slav]y 9 ,judea1 s f> z ! se$ ( ,abraham 7 conc]n$1 is v easily dispos$ (4 ,) e phase & =m ( society among !m slav]y 0 inconsi/5t4 ,! position :i*1 9 ! article s (t5 ref]r$ to 9 ?is pap]1 ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor takes1 is suffici5tly rem>kable4 ,nor!rn abolitioni/s he saw 9 an e>ne/ /ruggle ) s\!rn slavehold]s4 ,! pres5t welf>e & future happ9ess ( myriads ( ! human family 7 at /ake 9 ?is conte/4 ,9 ! heat ( ! battle1 he ?r[s himself betwe5 ! bellig]5t p[]s4 ,he gives ! abolitioni/s to und]/&1 t !y are q mi/ak5 9 ! "* ( ! objections !y h set !mselves s op5ly & /]nly aga9/4 ,slavehold+ is n1 z !y suppose1 contr>y to ! law ( ,god4 ,x 0 witness$ by ! ,savior 9 its wor/ =ms#hb )\t extort+ f 8 laps a syllable ( rebuke4 ,! sacr$ writ]s did n condemn x4 #hc ,& :y %\ld !y8 ,by a def9ition#hd suffici5tly ambigu\s & slipp]y1 he und]takes to set =? a =m ( slav]y :i* he looks ^u z consi/5t ) ! law ( ,righte\sness4 ,f ?is def9ition he inf]s t ! abolitioni/s are greatly to blame = ma9ta9+ t ,am]ican slav]y is inh]5tly & ess5tially s9ful1 & = insi/+ t x ought at once to be aboli%$4 ,= ?is labor ( love ! slavehold+ ,s\? is w>mly grateful & applauds its rev]5d ally1 z if a v ,daniel _h come z _! advocate to judgm5t4#he ,footnote #hb3 ,pittsburg pamphlet1 p4 #i4 ,footnote #hc3 ,! same1 p4 #ac4 ,footnote #hd3 ,! same1 p4 #ab4 ,footnote #he3 ,supra1 p4 #eh4 ,a few que/ions1 briefly put1 may n "h be inappropriate4 #a4 ,0 ! =m ( slav]y :i* our pr(essor pron\nces innoc5t ! =m witness$ by our ,savior 9 ,judea8 ,t1 he w by no means admit4 ,! slav]y !re 01 he affirms1 ( ! wor/ k9d4 ,h[ !n does he acc\nt = ! alleg$ sil5ce ( ! ,savior8--a sil5ce cov]+ ! ess5ce & ! =m--! in/itution & its wor/ abuses8 #b4 ,is ! slavehold+1 :i*1 accord+ to ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor1 ,*ri/ianity ju/ifies1 ! same z t :i* ! abolitioni/s s e>ne/ly wi% to see aboli%$8 ,let u see4 ,*ri/ianity 9 support+ ,slav]y1 ,! ,am]ican sy/em = accord+ to ,pr(essor ,hodge1 support+ ,slav]y1 ,enjo9s a fair comp5sation = ,makes comp5sation labor impossible by r$uc+ ! labor] to a *attel4 ,x insi/s on ! moral & ,x /]nly =bids its intellectual improvem5t ( all victim to le>n to read classes ( m5 ev5 ! "n ( 8 ,creator & ,r$eem]4 ,x condemns all infractions ( ,x outlaws ! conjugal m>ital or p>5tal rights4 & p>5tal relations4 ,x requires t free scope ,x =bids any ef=t1 on %\ld be all[$ to human ! "p ( myriads ( ! improvem5t4 human family1 to improve _! "*1 condition1 & prospects4 ,x requires t all suitable ,x inflicts heavy means %\ld be employ$ to improve p5alties = tea*+ mank9d lett]s to ! poore/ ( ! poor4 ,:]ev] x has _h free scope1 ,:]ev] x has free x has aboli%$ dome/ic bondage4 scope1 x p]petuates dome/ic bondage4 ,n[ x is slav]y accord+ to ! ,am]ican sy/em t ! abolitioni/s are set aga9/4 ,( ! exi/5ce ( any su* =m ( slav]y z is consi/5t ) ,pr(essor ,hodge's acc\nt ( ! requisitions ( ,*ri/ianity1 !y "k no?+4 ,x has nev] met _! notice1 & ( c\rse1 has nev] r\s$ _! feel+s or call$ =? _! ex]tions4 ,:at1 !n1 h !y to d ) ! c5sures & reproa*es :i* ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor deals ar\nd8 ,let ^? :o h leisure & good nature protect ! man ( /raw he is s hot aga9/4 ,! abolitioni/s h o!r bus9ess4 ,x is n ! figm5t ( "s sickly bra92 b t sy/em ( oppression :i* 9 !ory is corrupt+1 & 9 practice de/roy+ bo? ,*ur* & ,/ate2--x is ?is t !y feel pl$g$ to d battle ^u1 till by ! j judgm5t ( ,almighty ,god x is ?r[n1 dead & damn$1 into ! bottomless abyss4 #c4 ,h[ c ! ,s\? feel itself protect$ by any %ield :i* may be ?r[n ov] ,,su* ,,slav]y1 z may be consi/5t ) :at ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor describes z ! requisitions ( ,*ri/ianity8 ,is ?is ,,! slav]y :i* _! laws describe1 & _! h&s ma9ta98 ,fair comp5sation = labor--m>ital & p>5tal rights--free scope & all suitable means = ! improvem5t1 moral & intellectual1 ( all classes ( m52--are ^!1 accord+ to ! /atutes ( ! ,s\?1 among ! objects ( slavehold+ legislation8 ,e body kn[s t any su* requisitions & ,am]ican slav]y are flatly oppos$ to & directly subv]sive ( ea* o!r4 ,:at s]vice1 !n1 has ! ,pr9ceton pr(essor1 ) all 8 +5uity & all 8 zeal1 r5d]$ ! peculi> in/itution8 ,_! gratitude mu/ be ( a /amp & complexion q peculi>1 if !y c ?ank him = ?r[+ _! dome/ic sy/em "u ! weight ( su* ,*ri/ian requisitions z mu/ at once cru% its snaky head & gr9d x to p[d]4 ,& :at1 moreov]1 is ! be>+ ( ! ,*ri/ian requisitions1 :i* ,pr(essor ,hodge quotes1 ^u ! def9ition ( slav]y :i* he has elaborat$8 ,all ! ideas :i* necess>ily ent] into ! def9ition ( slav]y are1 deprivation ( p]sonal lib]ty1 obligation ( s]vice at ! discretion ( ano!r1 & ! transf]able "* ( ! au?ority & claim ( s]vice ( ! ma/]4#hf ,footnote #hf3 ,pittsburg pamphlet p4 #ab4 ,accord+ to ,pr(essor ,hodge's ,accord+ to ,pr(essor ,hodge's acc\nt ( ! def9ition ( ,slav]y1 requisitions ( ,*ri/ianity1 ,! spr+ ( ef=t 9 ! ,! labor] mu/ s]ve at ! labor] is a fair comp5sation4 discretion ( ano!r4 ,free scope mu/ be giv5 = ,he is depriv$ ( p]sonal 8 moral & intellectual lib]ty--! necess>y condition1 improvem5t4 & liv+ s\l ( improvem5t1 )\t :i* he has no control ( ei!r intellect or morals4 ,8 rights z a husb& & ,! au?ority & claims ( ! a fa!r are to be protect$4 ma/] may ?r[ an ocean betwe5 him & 8 family1 & sep>ate !m f ea* o!r's pres5ce at any mom5t & =ev]4 ,*ri/ianity1 !n1 requires su* slav]y z ,pr(essor ,hodge s cunn+ly def9es1 to be aboli%$4 ,x 0 well provid$ = ! peace ( ! respective p>ties1 t he plac$ 8 def9ition s f> f ! requisitions ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,_h he br\ght !m into ea* o!r's pres5ce1 _! natural & inv9cible antipa?y to ea* o!r w\ld h brok5 out into op5 & ext]m9at+ w>f>e4 ,b :y %\ld we delay long] ^u an argum5t :i* is bas$ on gross & mon/r\s sophi/ry8 ,x c mislead only su* z wi% to be misl$4 ,! lov]s ( sunlight are 9 little dang] ( ru%+ into ! pr(essor's dungeon4 ,^? :o1 hav+ some?+ to conceal1 covet d>kness1 c f9d x !re1 to _! he>t's cont5t4 ,! h\r _c be f> away1 :5 upright & reflective m9ds at ! ,s\? w be a/oni%$ at ! bl9dness :i* c\ld welcome su* protection z ! ,pr9ceton argum5t (f]s to ! slavehold]4 ,b ,pr(essor ,/u>t mu/ n be =gott54 ,9 8 celebrat$ lett] to ,dr4 ,fisk1 he affirms t ,paul did n expect slav]y to be ou/$ 9 a day4#hg ,did n ,,expect6 ,:at !n6 ,are ! requisitions ( ,*ri/ianity adapt$ to any ,,expectations :i* 9 any qu>t] & on any gr\nd might h ris5 to human consci\sness8 ,& are we to int]pret ! precepts ( ! gospel by ! expectations ( ,paul8 ,! ,savior comm&$ all m5 e :]e to rep5t1 & ?is1 ?\gh ,paul did n expect t human wick$ness1 9 its t5 ?\s& =ms w\ld 9 any community be ou/$ 9 a day4 ,expectations are "o ?+2 requisitions q ano!r4 ,footnote #hg3 ,supra1 p4 #g4 ,9 ! mean "t1 :ile expectation wait$1 ,paul1 ! pr(essor adds1 gave precepts to ,*ri/ians respect+ _! demeanor4 ,t he did4 ,( :at "* 7 ^! precepts8 ,mu/ !y n h be5 9 h>mony ) ! ,gold5 ,rule8 ,b ?is1 accord+ to ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 decides aga9/ ! righte\sness ( slav]y ev5 z a !ory4 ,accord+ly1 ,*ri/ians 7 requir$1 )\t respect ( p]sons1 to d ea* o!r ju/ice--to ma9ta9 equality z common gr\nd = all to /& ^u--to *]i% & express 9 all _! int]c\rse t t5d] love & dis9t]e/$ *>ity :i* "o bro!r naturally feels = ano!r4 ,^! 7 ! ad int]im precepts4#hh :i* _c fail1 if obey$1 to cut up slav]y1 root & bran*1 at once & =ev]4 ,footnote #hh3 ,lett] to ,dr4 ,fisk1 p4 #g4 ,pr(essor ,/u>t com=ts u ) ! assurance t ,*ri/ianity w ultimately c]ta9ly de/roy slav]y4 ,( ?is we h n ! feeble/ d\bt4 ,b h[ c\ld he admit a p]suasion & utt] a pr$iction s mu* at w> ) ! doctr9e he ma9ta9s1 t slav]y may exi/ )\t ,,violat+ ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,fai? ,,or ,,! ,,*ur*8#hi ,:at1 ,*ri/ianity b5t on ! de/ruction ( an anci5t & *]i%$ in/itution :i* hurts nei!r h] "* nor condition8#ij ,:y n correct its abuses & purify its _s2 & %$d+ ^u x h] own beauty1 pres]ve x1 z a liv+ trophy ( h] re=matory p[]8 ,:5ce ! discov]y t1 9 h] onw>d progress1 %e w\ld trample d[n & de/roy :at 0 no way hurtful to h]8 ,?is is to be aggressive ) a witness4 ,f> be x f ! ,judge ( all ! e>? to :elm ! innoc5t & guilty 9 ! same de/ruction6 ,9 aid ( ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 9 ! rude & sc>cely cov]t attack :i* he makes ^u himself1 we ma9ta9 t ,*ri/ianity w c]ta9ly de/roy slav]y on acc\nt ( its inh]5t wick$ness--its malignant temp]--its deadly effects--its con/itutional1 insol5t1 & unmitigable opposition to ! au?ority ( ,god & ! welf>e ( man4 ,footnote #hi3 ,lett] to ,dr4 ,fisk1 p4 #g4 ,footnote #ij3 ,pr(essor ,/u>t applies "h ! words1 salva fide et salva ecclesia4 ,*ri/ianity w ultimately de/roy slav]y4 ,,ultimately6 ,:at meane? t port5t\s ^w8 ,to :at limit ( remote/ "t1 conceal$ 9 ! d>kness ( futurity1 may x look8 ,tell u1 ,o wat*man1 on ! hill ( ,&ov]4 ,almo/ n9ete5 c5turies h roll$ ov] ?is _w ( wrong & outrage--& yet we tremble 9 ! pres5ce ( a =m ( slav]y ^: brea? is poison1 ^: fang is dea?6 ,if any "o ( ! incid5ts ( slav]y %\ld fall1 b = a s+le day1 ^u ! head ( ! prophet1 :o dipp$ 8 p5 9 su* cold blood1 to write t ^w ultimately1 h[1 "u ! suff]+s ( ! fir/ t$i\s h\r1 w\ld he break out 9 ! lam5table cry1 ,h[ long1 ,o ,"l1 ,,h[ ,,long6 ,9 ! agony ( behold+ a wife or daught] ^u ! table ( ! auctione]1 :ile e bid fell ^u 8 he>t l ! groan ( despair1 small com=t w\ld he f9d 9 ! dull assurance ( "s he>tless prophet1 q at ease 9 ,zion1 t ,,ultimately ,*ri/ianity w\ld de/roy slav]y4 ,z ! hamm] falls1 & ! belov$ ( 8 s\l1 all helpless & mo/ wret*$1 is borne away to ! haunts ( legaliz$ debau*]y1 8 he>ts turns to /one1 :ile ! cry dies ^u 8 lips1 ,h[ ,,long1 ,o ,"l1 ,,h[ ,,long6 ,ultimately6 ,9 :at circum/ances does ,pr(essor ,/u>t assure himself t ,*ri/ianity w de/roy slav]y8 ,are we1 z ,am]ican citiz5s1 "u ! sceptre ( a ,n]o8 ,:51 z integral p>ts ( ?is republic--z liv+ memb]s ( ?is community1 did we =feit ! pr]ogatives ( freem58 ,h we n ! "r to speak & act z wield+ ! p[]s :i* ! privileges ( self-gov]nm5t has put 9 our possession8 ,& )\t ask+ leave ( prie/ or /atesman ( ! ,nor? or ! ,s\?1 may we n make ! mo/ ( ! fre$om :i* we enjoy "u ! gu>anty ( ! ord9ances ( ,heav5 & ! ,con/itution ( our c\ntry6 ,c we expect to see ,*ri/ianity on high] vantage-gr\nd ?an 9 ?is c\ntry %e /&s ^u8 ,9 ! mid/ ( a republic bas$ on ! pr9ciple ( ! equality ( mank9d1 :]e e ,*ri/ian1 z vitally connect$ ) ! /ate1 freely wields ! highe/ political rights & enjoys ! ri*e/ political privileges2 :]e ! unanim\s dem& ( "o-half ( ! memb]s ( ! *ur*es w\ld be promptly met 9 ! abolition ( slav]y1 :at ultimately mu/ ,*ri/ianity "h wait = be=e %e cru%es ! *attel pr9ciple b5ea? h] heel8 ,h] triumph ov] slav]y is ret>d$ by no?+ b ! corruption & defection s widely spread ?r\gh ! sacram5tal ho/ b5ea? h] bann]s6 ,let h] voice be he>d & h] en]gies ex]t$1 & ! ultimately ( ! d>k _s ( slav]y w\ld at once give place to ! imm$iately ( ! ,av5g] ( ! ,poor4 ,no4 #ab4 ,,! ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,exam9]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,disunion4 ,,address ,,( ,,! ,,am]ican ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,society ,,& ,f4 ,,jackson',s ,,lett] ,,on ,,! ,,pro-,,slav]y ,,"* ,,( ,,! ,,con/itution ,,new ,,york3 ,,am]ican ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,society4 #adb ,,nassau ,,/reet4 #ahde4 ,,bo/on3 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,david ,h4 ,,ela1 ,,no4 #cg1 ,,cornhill4 ,,address ,,( ,,! ,,executive ,,committee ,,( ,,! ,,am]ican ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,society ,,to ,fri5ds ( ,fre$om & ,emancipation 9 ! ,u4 ,/ates4 ,at ! ,t5? ,anniv]s>y ( ! ,am]ican ,anti-,slav]y ,society1 held 9 ! city ( ,new-,york1 ,may #g?1 #ahdd1--;aft] grave delib]ation1 & a long & e>ne/ discussion1--x 0 decid$1 by a vote ( ne>ly ?ree to "o ( ! memb]s pres5t1 t fidelity to ! cause ( human fre$om1 hatr$ ( oppression1 sympa?y = ^? :o are held 9 *a9s & slav]y 9 ?is republic1 & allegiance to ,god1 require t ! exi/+ national compact %\ld be in/antly dissolv$2 t secession f ! gov]nm5t is a religi\s & political duty2 t ! motto inscrib$ on ! bann] ( ,fre$om %\ld be1 ,,no ,,union ,,) ,,slavehold]s2 t x is impracticable = tyrants & ! enemies ( tyranny to coalesce & legislate toge!r = ! pres]vation ( human rights1 or ! promotion ( ! int]e/s ( ,lib]ty2 & t revolution>y gr\nd %\ld be occupi$ by all ^? :o abhor ! ?\ght ( do+ evil t good may come1 & :o d n mean to compromise ! pr9ciples ( ,ju/ice & ,humanity4 ,a decision involv+ su* mom5t\s consequ5ces1 s well calculat$ to />tle ! public m9d1 s ho/ile to ! e/abli%$ ord] ( ?+s1 dem&s ( u1 z ! (ficial repres5tatives ( ! ,am]ican ,society1 a /atem5t ( ! reasons :i* l$ to x4 ,?is is due n only to ! ,society1 b also to ! c\ntry & ! _w4 ,x is decl>$ by ! ,am]ican p to be a self-evid5t tru?1 t all m5 are creat$ equal2 t !y are end[$ ,,by ,,_! ,,creator ) c]ta9 inali5able rights2 t among ^! are life1 ,,lib]ty1 & ! pursuit ( happ9ess4 ,x is fur!r ma9ta9$ by !m1 t all gov]nm5ts d]ive _! j p[]s f ! cons5t ( ! gov]n$2 t :5ev] any =m ( gov]nm5t becomes de/ructive ( human rights1 x is ! "r ( ! p to alt] or to aboli% x1 & in/itute a new gov]nm5t1 lay+ its f\ndation on su* pr9ciples1 & organiz+ its p[]s 9 su* =m1 z to !m %all seem mo/ likely to effect _! safety & happ9ess4 ,^! doctr9es ! patriots ( #aggf seal$ ) _! blood4 ,!y w\ld n brook ev5 ! m5ace ( oppression4 ,!y held t !re %\ld be no delay 9 resi/+1 at :atev] co/ or p]il1 ! fir/ encroa*m5ts ( p[] on _! lib]ties4 ,appeal+ to ! great ,rul] ( ! univ]se = ! rectitude ( _! c\rse1 !y pl$g$ to ea* o!r _! lives1 _! =tunes & _! sacr$ honor1 to conqu] or p]i% 9 _! /ruggle to be free4 ,= ! example :i* !y set to all p subject$ to a despotic sway1 & ! sacrifices :i* !y made1 _! desc5dants *]i% _! memories ) gratitude1 rev]5ce _! virtues1 honor _! de$s1 & glory 9 _! triumphs4 ,x is n necess>y1 !re=e1 = u to prove t a /ate ( slav]y is incompatible ) ! dictates ( reason & humanity2 or t x is lawful to ?r[ (f a gov]nm5t :i* is at w> ) ! sacr$ rights ( mank9d4 ,we reg>d ?is z inde$ a solemn crisis1 :i* requires ( e man sobriety ( ?\ght1 prophetic =eca/1 indep5d5t judgm5t1 inv9cible det]m9ation1 & a s\nd he>t4 ,a revolution>y /ep is "o t %\ld n be tak5 ha/ily1 nor foll[$ "u ! influ5ce ( impulsive imitation4 ,to "k :at _s !y are (--:e!r !y h c\nt$ ! co/ ( ! w>f>e--:at are ! pr9ciples !y advocate--& h[ !y are to a*ieve _! object--is ! fir/ duty ( revolutioni/s4 ,b1 :ile circumspection & prud5ce are excell5t qualities 9 e great em]g5cy1 !y become ! allies ( tyranny :5ev] !y re/ra9 prompt1 bold & decisive action aga9/ x4 ,we *>ge ^u ! pres5t national compact1 t x 0 =m$ at ! exp5se ( human lib]ty1 by a pr(ligate surr5d] ( pr9ciple1 & to ?is h\r is cem5t$ ) human blood4 ,we *>ge ^u ! ,am]ican ,con/itution1 t x conta9s provisions1 & enjo9s duties1 :i* make x unlawful = freem5 to take ! oa? ( allegiance to x1 because !y are expressly design$ to favor a slavehold+ olig>*y1 &1 consequ5tly1 to make "o portion ( ! p a prey to ano!r4 ,we *>ge ^u ! exi/+ national gov]nm5t1 t x is an insupportable despotism1 wield$ by a p[] :i* is sup]ior to all legal & con/itutional re/ra9ts--equally indispos$ & unable to protect ! lives or lib]ties ( ! p--! prop & safegu>d ( ,am]ican slav]y4 ,^! *>ges we proce$ briefly to e/abli%3 ,i4 ,x is admitt$ by all m5 ( intellig5ce1--or if x be d5i$ 9 any qu>t]1 ! records ( our national hi/ory settle ! "q beyond d\bt1--t ! ,am]ican ,union 0 effect$ by a guilty compromise betwe5 ! free & slavehold+ ,/ates2 9 o!r words1 by immolat+ ! color$ population on ! alt> ( slav]y1 by depriv+ ! ,nor? ( equal rights & privileges1 & by incorporat+ ! slave sy/em into ! gov]nm5t4 ,9 ! expressive & p]t95t language ( scripture1 x 0 a cov5ant ) dea?1 & an agreem5t ) hell--null & void be=e ,god1 f ! fir/ h\r ( its inception--! fram]s ( :i* 7 recreant to duty1 & ! support]s ( :i* are equally guilty4 ,x 0 plead$ at ! "t ( ! adoption1 x is plead$ n[1 t1 )\t su* a compromise !re c\ld h be5 no union2 t1 )\t union1 ! colonies w\ld h become an easy prey to ! "m c\ntry2 &1 h5ce1 t x 0 an act ( necessity1 deplorable inde$ :5 view$ alone1 b absolutely indisp5sable to ! safety ( ! republic4 ,to ?is we reply3 ,! plea is z pr(ligate z ! act 0 tyrannical4 ,x is ! jesuitical doctr9e1 t ! end sanctifies ! means4 ,x is a confession ( s91 b ! d5ial ( any guilt 9 its p]petration4 ,x is at w> ) ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 & subv]sive ( ! f\ndations ( morality4 ,x is to make lies our refuge1 & "u falsehood to hide ourselves1 s t we may escape ! ov]fl[+ sc\rge4 ,!re=e1 ?us sai? ! ,"l ,god1 ,judgm5t w ,i lay to ! l9e1 & righte\sness to ! plummet2 & ! bail %all sweep away ! refuge ( lies1 & ! wat]s %all ov]fl[ ! hid+ place4 ,moreov]1 because ye tru/ 9 oppression & p]v]s5ess1 & /ay !reon2 !re=e ?is iniquity %all be to y z a brea* ready to fall1 swell+ out 9 a high wall1 ^: break+ come? sudd5ly at an in/ant4 ,& he %all break x z ! break+ ( ! pott]'s vessel t is brok5 9 pieces2 he %all n sp>e4 ,?is plea is suffici5tly broad to cov] all ! oppression & villany t ! sun has witness$ 9 8 circuit1 s9ce ,god said1 ,let !re by light4 ,x assumes t to be practicable1 :i* is impossible1 namely1 t !re c be fre$om ) slav]y1 union ) inju/ice1 & safety ) blood guilt9ess4 ,a union ( virtue ) pollution is ! triumph ( lic5ti\sness4 ,a p>tn]%ip betwe5 "r & wrong1 is :olly wrong4 ,a compromise ( ! pr9ciples ( ,ju/ice1 is ! deification ( crime4 ,bett] t ! ,am]ican ,union _h nev] be5 =m$1 ?an t x %\ld h be5 obta9$ at su* a frightful co/6 ,if !y 7 guilty :o fa%ion$ x1 b :o c\ld n =esee all its frightful consequ5ces1 h[ mu* m guilty are !y1 :o1 9 full view ( all t has result$ f x1 clamor = its p]petuity6 ,if x 0 s9ful at ! comm5cem5t1 to adopt x on ! gr\nd ( escap+ a great] evil1 is x n equally s9ful to swe> to support x = ! same reason1 or until1 9 process ( "t1 x be purg$ f its corruption8 ,! fact is1 ! compromise allud$ to1 in/ead ( effect+ a union1 r5d]$ x impracticable2 unless by ! t]m union we are to und]/& ! absolute reign ( ! slavehold+ p[] ov] ! :ole c\ntry1 to ! pro/ration ( ,nor!rn rights4 ,9 ! j use ( words1 ! ,am]ican ,union is & always has be5 a %am--an impo/ure4 ,x is an in/rum5t ( oppression unsurpass$ 9 ! crim9al hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,h[ !n c x be innoc5tly su/a9$8 ,x is n c]ta91 x is n ev5 probable1 t if x _h n be5 adopt$1 ! "m c\ntry w\ld h reconqu]$ ! colonies4 ,! _s t w\ld h *os5 dang] 9 pref]5ce to crime1--to p]i% ) ju/ice r ?an live ) di%onor1--to d>e & suff] :atev] might betide1 r ?an sacrifice ! rights ( "o human be+1--c\ld nev] h be5 subjugat$ by any mortal p[]4 ,surely x is pay+ a poor tribute to ! valor & devotion ( our revolution>y fa!rs 9 ! cause ( lib]ty1 to say t1 if !y _h /]nly refus$ to sacrifice _! pr9ciples1 !y w\ld h fall5 an easy prey to ! despotic p[] ( ,engl&4 ,,ii4 ,! ,am]ican ,con/itution is ! expon5t ( ! national compact4 ,we affirm t x is an in/rum5t :i* no man c innoc5tly b9d himself to support1 because its anti-republican & anti-,*ri/ian requirem5ts are explicit & p]emptory2 at lea/1 s explicit t1 9 reg>d to all ! clauses p]ta9+ to slav]y1 !y h be5 uni=mly und]/ood & en=c$ 9 ! same way1 by all ! c\rts & by all ! p2 & s p]emptory1 t no individual int]pretation or au?ority c set !m aside ) impunity4 ,x is n a ball ( clay1 to be m\ld$ into any %ape t p>ty contrivance or caprice may *oose x to assume4 ,x is n a =m ( words1 to be int]pret$ 9 any mann]1 or to any ext5t1 or = ! accompli%m5t ( any purpose1 t individuals 9 (fice "u x may det]m9e4 ,x means precisely :at ^? :o fram$ & adopt$ x meant--,,no?+ ,,m1 ,,no?+ ,,less1 z a matt] ( b>ga9 & compromise4 ,ev5 if x c be con/ru$ to mean some?+ else1 )\t viol5ce to its language1 su* con/ruction is n to be tol]at$ aga9/ ! wi%es ( ei!r p>ty4 ,no j or hone/ use ( x c be made1 9 opposition to ! pla9 int5tion ( its fram]s1 except to decl>e ! contract at an end1 & to refuse to s]ve "u x4 ,to ! argum5t1 t ! words slaves & slav]y are n to be f\nd 9 ! ,con/itution1 & !re=e t x 0 nev] int5d$ to give any protection or c\nt5ance to ! slave sy/em1 x is suffici5t to reply1 t ?\gh no su* words are conta9$ 9 t in/rum5t1 o!r words 7 us$1 intellig5tly & specifically1 ,,to ,,meet ,,! ,,necessities ,,( ,,slav]y2 & t ^! 7 adopt$ 9 good fai?1 to be obs]v$ until a con/itutional *ange c\ld be effect$4 ,on ?is po9t1 z to ! design ( c]ta9 provisions1 no intellig5t man c hone/ly ent]ta9 a d\bt4 ,if x be object$1 t ?\gh ^! provisions 7 meant to cov] slav]y1 yet1 z !y c fairly be int]pret$ to mean some?+ exactly ! rev]se1 x is all[able to give to !m su* an int]pretation1 especially z ! cause ( fre$om w !reby be promot$--we reply1 t ?is is to advocate fraud & viol5ce t[>d "o ( ! contract+ p>ties1 ^: co-op]ation 0 secur$ only by an express agreem5t & und]/&+ betwe5 !m bo?1 9 reg>d to ! clauses allud$ to2 & t su* a con/ruction1 if en=c$ by pa9s & p5alties1 w\ld unque/ionably lead to a civil w>1 9 :i* ! aggriev$ p>ty w\ld ju/ly claim to h be5 betray$1 & robb$ ( _! con/itutional rights4 ,aga91 if x be said1 t ^? clauses1 be+ immoral1 are null & void--we reply1 x is true !y are n to be obs]v$2 b x is also true t !y are portions ( an in/rum5t1 ! support ( :i*1 ,,z ,a ,,:ole1 is requir$ by oa? or affirmation2 &1 !re=e1 because !y are immoral1 & ,,because ,,( ,,?is ,,obligation ,,to ,,en=ce ,,immorality1 no "o c innoc5tly swe> to support ! ,con/itution4 ,aga91 if x be object$1 t ! ,con/itution 0 =m$ by ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 ord] to e/abli% ju/ice1 to promote ! g5]al welf>e1 & secure ! bless+s ( lib]ty to !mselves & _! po/]ity3 & !re=e1 x is to be s con/ru$ z to h>monize ) ^! objects2 we reply1 aga91 t its language is n to be int]pret$ 9 a s5se :i* nei!r ( ! contract+ p>ties und]/ood1 & :i* w\ld fru/rate e design ( _! alliance--to wit1 union at ! exp5se ( ! color$ population ( ! c\ntry4 ,moreov]1 no?+ is m c]ta9 ?an t ! preamble allud$ to nev] includ$1 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o fram$ x1 ^? :o 7 !n p9+ 9 bondage--=1 9 t case1 a g5]al emancipation ( ! slaves w\ld h in/antly be5 proclaim$ ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! words1 secure ! bless+s ( lib]ty to ourselves & our po/]ity1 assur$ly meant only ! :ite population4 ,to promote ! g5]al welf>e1 ref]r$ to _! own welf>e exclusively4 ,to e/abli% ju/ice1 0 und]/ood to be = _! sole b5efit z slavehold]s1 & ! guilty abettors ( slav]y4 ,?is is demon/rat$ by o!r p>ts ( ! same in/rum5t1 & by _! own practice "u x4 ,we w\ld n detract aught f :at is ju/ly _! due2 b x is z repreh5sible to give !m cr$it = :at !y did n possess1 z x is to rob !m ( :at is !irs4 ,x is absurd1 x is false1 x is an insult to ! common s5se ( mank9d1 to pret5d t ! ,con/itution 0 int5d$ to embrace ! entire population ( ! c\ntry "u its %elt]+ w+s2 or t ! p>ties to x 7 actuat$ by a s5se ( ju/ice & ! _s ( imp>tial lib]ty2 or t x ne$s no alt]ation1 b only a new int]pretation1 to make x h>monize ) ! object aim$ at by its adoption4 ,z truly might x be argu$1 t because x is ass]t$ 9 ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 t all m5 are creat$ equal1 & end[$ ) an inali5able "r to lib]ty1 !re=e none ( its sign]s 7 slavehold]s1 & s9ce its adoption1 slav]y has be5 bani%$ f ! ,am]ican soil6 ,! tru? is1 our fa!rs 7 int5t on secur+ lib]ty to !mselves1 )\t be+ v scrupul\s z to ! means !y us$ to accompli% _! purpose4 ,!y 7 n actuat$ by ! _s ( univ]sal philan?ropy2 & ?\gh 9 words !y recogniz$ occasionally ! bro!rhood ( ! human race1 9 practice !y cont9ually d5i$ x4 ,!y did n blu% to enslave a portion ( _! fell[-m51 & to buy & sell !m z cattle 9 ! m>ket1 :ile !y 7 fight+ aga9/ ! oppression ( ! "m c\ntry1 & boa/+ ( _! reg>d = ! rights ( man4 ,:y1 !n1 conc$e to !m virtues :i* !y did n posses4 ,:y cl+ to ! falsehood1 t !y 7 n respect]s ( p]sons 9 ! =mation ( ! gov]nm5t8 ,alas6 t !y _h no m fe> ( ,god1 no m reg>d = man1 9 _! he>ts6 ,! iniquity ( ! h\se ( ,israel & ,judah ! ,nor? & ,s\? is exce$+ great1 & ! l& is full ( blood1 & ! city full ( p]v]s5ess2 = !y say1 ! ,"l ha? =sak5 ! e>?1 & ! ,"l see? n4 ,we proce$ to a critical exam9ation ( ! ,am]ican ,con/itution1 9 its relations to slav]y4 ,9 ,,article #a1 ,section #i1 x is decl>$--! migration or importation ( su* p]sons z any ( ! ,/ates n[ exi/+ %all ?9k prop] to admit1 %all n be prohibit$ by ! ,congress1 prior to ! ye> "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & eight2 b a tax or duty may be impos$ on su* importation1 n exce$+ t5 doll>s = ea* p]son4 ,9 ?is ,section1 x w be p]ceiv$1 ! phraseology is s gu>d$ z n to imply1 ex necessitate1 any crim9al int5t or inhuman arrangem5t2 & yet no "o has ev] _h ! h>dihood or folly to d5y1 t x 0 cle>ly und]/ood by ! contract+ p>ties1 to mean t !re %\ld be no int]f]5ce ) ! ,african slave trade1 on ! "p ( ! g5]al gov]nm5t1 until ! ye> #ahjh4 ,= tw5ty ye>s aft] ! adoption ( ! ,con/itution1 ! citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7 to be enc\rag$ & protect$ 9 ! prosecution ( t inf]nal traffic--9 sack+ & burn+ ! hamlets ( ,africa--9 slaught]+ multitudes ( ! in(f5sive natives on ! soil1 kidnapp+ & enslav+ a /ill great] proportion1 cr[d+ !m to suffocation 9 ! holds ( ! slave %ips1 populat+ ! ,atlantic ) _! dead bodies1 & subject+ ! wret*$ survivors to all ! horrors ( unmitigat$ bondage6 ,?is awful cov5ant 0 /rictly fulfill$2 & ?\gh1 s9ce its t]m9ation1 ,congress has decl>$ ! =eign slave traffic to be piracy1 yet all ,*ri/5dom kn[s t ! ,am]ican flag1 in/ead ( be+ ! t]ror ( ! ,african slav]s1 has giv5 !m ! mo/ ample protection4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ! #i? ,section 0 agre$ to1 by ! national conv5tion t =m$ ! con/itution1 is ?us frankly av[$ by ! ,hon4 ,lu!r ,m>t91#ia :o 0 a prom95t memb] ( t body3 ,! ,ea/]n ,/ates1 not)/&+ _! av]sion ( slav]y1 767 7 v will+ to indulge ! ,s\!rn ,/ates at lea/ ) a tempor>y lib]ty to prosecute ! slave trade1 provid$ ! ,s\!rn ,/ates w\ld1 9 ! return1 gratify !m by lay+ no re/riction on navigation acts2 &1 aft] a v little "t1 ! committee1 by a great majority1 agre$ on a report1 by :i* ! g5]al gov]nm5t 0 to be prohibit$ f prev5t+ ! importation ( slaves = a limit$ "t2 & ! re/rictive clause relative to navigation acts 0 to be omitt$4 ,behold ! iniquity ( ?is agreem5t6 ,h[ sordid 7 ! motives :i* l$ to x6 :at a pr(ligate disreg>d ( ju/ice & humanity1 on ! "p ( ^? :o _h solemnly decl>$ ! inali5able "r ( all m5 to be free & equal1 to be a self-evid5t tru?6 ,x is due to ! national conv5tion to say1 t ?is section 0 n adopt$ )\t consid]able opposition4 ,allud+ to x1 ,mr4 ,m>t9 obs]ves-- ,footnote #ia3 ,spee* be=e ! ,legislature ( ,m>yl& 9 #aghg4 ,x 0 said we _h j assum$ a place among ! indep5d5t nations 9 consequ5ce ( our opposition to ! attempts ( ,great ,brita9 to enslave u2 t ?is opposition 0 gr\nd$ ^u ! pres]vation ( ^? rights to :i* ,god & nature has entitl$ u1 n 9 p>ticul>1 b 9 common ) all ! re/ ( mank9d2 t we _h appeal$ to ! ,supreme ,be+ = 8 assi/ance1 z ! ,god ( fre$om1 :o c\ld n b approve our ef=ts to pres]ve ! rights :i* he _h ?us imp>t$ to 8 creatures2 t n[1 :5 we _h sc>cely ris5 f our knees1 f supplicat+ 8 m]cy & protection 9 =m+ our gov]nm5t ov] a free p1 a gov]nm5t =m$ pret5d$ly on ! pr9ciples ( lib]ty1 & = its pres]vation1--9 t gov]nm5t to h a provision1 n only ( putt+ out ( its p[] to re/ra9 & prev5t ! slave trade1 ev5 enc\rag+ t mo/ infam\s traffic1 by giv+ ! ,/ates ! p[] & influ5ce 9 ! ,union 9 proportion z !y cruelly & wantonly sport$ ) ! rights ( _! fell[-creatures1 ought to be consid]$ z a solemn mock]y (1 & insult to1 t ,god ^: protection we _h ?us implor$1 & c\ld n fail to hold u up 9 dete/ation1 & r5d] u contemptible to e true fri5d ( lib]ty 9 ! _w4 ,x 0 said t national crimes c only be1 & frequ5tly are1 puni%$ 9 ?is _w by national puni%m5ts1 & t ! cont9uance ( ! slave trade1 & ?us giv+ x a national "*1 sanction1 & enc\ragem5t1 ought to be consid]$ z ju/ly expos+ u to ! displeasure & v5geance ( him :o is equally ! ,"l ( all1 & :o views ) equal eye ! poor ,african slave & 8 ,am]ican ma/]6#ib ,footnote #ib3 ,h[ t]ribly & ju/ly has ?is guilty nation be5 sc\rg$1 s9ce ^! words 7 spok51 on acc\nt ( slav]y & ! slave trade6 ,secret ,proce$+s1 p4 #fd4 ,x 0 urg$ t1 by ?is sy/em1 we 7 giv+ ! g5]al gov]nm5t full & absolute p[] to regulate comm]ce1 "u :i* g5]al p[] x w\ld h a "r to re/ra91 or totally prohibit1 ! slave trade3 x mu/1 !re=e1 appe> to ! _w absurd & disgraceful to ! la/ degree t we %\ld except f ! ex]cise ( t p[] ! only bran* ( comm]ce :i* is unju/ifiable 9 its nature1 & contr>y to ! rights ( mank9d4 ,t1 on ! contr>y1 we ought to prohibit expressly1 9 our ,con/itution1 ! fur!r importation ( slaves1 & to au?orize ! g5]al gov]nm5t1 f "t to "t1 to make su* regulations z %\ld be ?\ght mo/ advantage\s = ! gradual abolition ( slav]y1 & ! emancipation ( ! slaves already 9 ! ,/ates4 ,t slav]y is inconsi/5t ) ! g5ius ( republicanism1 & has a t5d5cy to de/roy ^? pr9ciples on :i* x is support$1 z x less5s ! s5se ( ! equal rights ( mank9d1 & habituates to tyranny & oppression4 ,x 0 fur!r urg$ t1 by ?is sy/em ( gov]nm5t1 e ,/ate is to be protect$ bo? f =eign invasion & f dome/ic insurrections2 &1 f ?is consid]ation1 x 0 ( ! utmo/ importance x %\ld h ! p[] to re/ra9 ! importation ( slaves1 s9ce 9 proportion z ! numb] ( slaves increas$ 9 any ,/ate1 9 ! same proportion is ! ,/ate weak5$ & expos$ to =eign invasion & dome/ic insurrection3 & by s mu* less w x be able to protect itself aga9/ ei!r1 & !re=e by s mu*1 want aid f1 & be a burd5 to1 ! ,union4 ,x 0 fur!r said1 t1 9 ?is sy/em1 z we 7 giv+ ! g5]al gov]nm5t p[]1 "u ! idea ( national "*1 or national int]e/1 to regulate ev5 our weights & measures1 & h prohibit$ all possibility ( emitt+ pap] money1 & pass+ insolv5t laws1 c41 x mu/ appe> /ill m extraord9>y t we prohibit$ ! gov]nm5t f int]f]+ ) ! slave trade1 ?an :i* no?+ c\ld m effect our national honor & int]e/4 ,^! reasons influ5c$ me1 bo? 9 ! committee & 9 ! conv5tion1 mo/ decid$ly to oppose & vote aga9/ ! clause1 z x n[ makes "p ( ! sy/em4#ic ,footnote #ic3 ,secret ,proce$+s1 p4 #fd4 ,happy _h x be5 = ?is nation1 _h ^! solemn consid]ations be5 he$$ by ! fram]s ( ! ,con/itution6 ,b = ! sake ( secur+ "s local advantages1 !y *oose to d evil t good may come1 & to make ! end sanctify ! means4 ,!y 7 will+ to enslave o!rs1 t !y might secure _! own fre$om4 ,!y did ?is de$ delib]ately1 ) _! eyes op51 ) all ! facts & consequ5ces aris+ !refrom be=e !m1 9 violation ( all _! heav5-atte/$ decl>ations1 & 9 a!i/ical di/ru/ ( ! ov]rul+ p[] ( ,god4 ,! ,ea/]n ,/ates 7 v will+ to indulge ! ,s\!rn ,/ates 9 ! unre/rict$ prosecution ( _! piratical traffic1 provid$ 9 return !y c\ld be gratifi$ by no re/riction be+ laid on navigation acts66--,_h !re be5 no o!r provision ( ! ,con/itution ju/ly liable to objection1 ?is "o alone r5d]$ ! support ( t in/rum5t incompatible ) ! duties :i* m5 owe to _! ,creator1 & to ea* o!r4 ,x 0 ! poison\s infusion 9 ! cup1 :i*1 ?\gh con/itut+ b a v slight portion ( its cont5ts1 p]ill$ ! life ( e "o :o p>took ( x4 ,if x be ask$ to :at purpose are ^! animadv]sions1 s9ce ! clause allud$ to has long s9ce expir$ by its own limitation--we answ]1 t1 if at any "t ! =eign slave trade c\ld be con/itutionally prosecut$1 x may yet be r5ew$1 "u ! ,con/itution1 at ! pleasure ( ,congress1 ^: prohibitory /atute is liable to be rev]s$ at any mom5t1 9 ! fr5zy ( ,s\!rn opposition to emancipation4 ,x is ignorantly suppos$ t ! b>ga9 01 t ! traffic %\ld cease 9 #ahjh2 b ! only ?+ secur$ by x 01 ! "r ( ,congress 7n any obligation7 to prohibit x at t p]iod4 ,if1 !re=e1 ,congress _h n *os5 to ex]cise t "r1 ! traffic might h be5 prolong$ indef9itely1 "u ! ,con/itution4 ,! "r to de/roy any p>ticul> bran* ( comm]ce1 implies ! "r to re-e/abli% x4 ,true1 !re is no probability t ! ,african slave trade w ev] aga9 be legaliz$ by ! national gov]nm5t2 b no cr$it is due ! fram]s ( ! ,con/itution on ?is gr\nd2 =1 :ile !y ?rew ar\nd x all ! sanction & protection ( ! national "* & p[] = tw5ty ye>s1 !y set no b\nds to its cont9uance by any positive con/itutional prohibition4 ,aga91 ! adoption ( su* a clause1 & ! fai?ful execution ( x1 prove :at 0 meant by ! words ( ! preamble--to =m a m p]fect union1 e/abli% ju/ice1 insure dome/ic tranquillity1 provide = ! common def5ce1 promote ! g5]al welf>e1 & secure ! bless+s ( lib]ty to ourselves & our po/]ity--namely1 t ! p>ties to ! ,con/itution reg>d$ only _! own rights & int]e/s1 & nev] int5d$ t its language %\ld be s int]pret$ z to int]f]e ) slav]y1 or to make x unlawful = "o portion ( ! p to enslave ano!r1 )\t an express alt]ation 9 t in/rum5t1 9 ! mann] !re9 set =?4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 ! ,con/itution rema9s z x 0 orig9ally adopt$1 !y :o swe> to support x are b\nd to comply ) all its provisions1 z a matt] ( allegiance4 ,= x avails no?+ to say1 t "s ( ^? provisions are at w> ) ! law ( ,god & ! rights ( man1 & !re=e are n obligatory4 ,:atev] may be _! "*1 !y are con/itutionally obligatory2 & :oev] feels t he _c execute !m1 or swe> to execute !m1 )\t committ+ s91 has no o!r *oice left ?an to )draw f ! gov]nm5t1 or to violate 8 consci5ce by tak+ on 8 lips an impi\s promise4 ,! object ( ! ,con/itution is n to def9e :at is ! law ( ,god1 b ,,:at ,,is ,,! ,,w ,,( ,,! ,,p--:i* w is n to be fru/rat$ by an +5i\s moral int]pretation1 by ^? :om !y h elect$ to s]ve !m4 ,,article #a1 ,sect4 #b1 provides--,repres5tatives & direct taxes %all be apportion$ among ! sev]al ,/ates1 :i* may be includ$ )9 ?is ,union1 accord+ to _! respective numb]s1 :i* %all be det]m9$ by add+ to ! :ole numb] ( free p]sons1 includ+ ^? b\nd to s]vice = a t]m ( ye>s1 & exclud+ ,indians n tax$1 ?ree-fif?s ( all o!r p]sons4 ,"h1 z 9 ! clause we h already exam9$1 veil$ b5ea? a =m ( words z deceitful z x is unmean+ 9 a truly democratic gov]nm5t1 is a provision = ! safety1 p]petuity & augm5tation ( ! slavehold+ p[]--a provision sc>cely less atroci\s ?an t :i* relat$ to ! ,african slave trade1 & almo/ z afflictive 9 its op]ation--a provision /ill 9 =ce1 ) no possibility ( its alt]ation1 s long z a majority ( ! slave ,/ates *oose to ma9ta9 _! slave sy/em--a provision :i*1 at ! pres5t "t1 enables ! ,s\? to h tw5ty-five additional repres5tatives 9 ,congress on ! score ( prop]ty1 :ile ! ,nor? is n all[$ to h "o--a provision :i* conc$es to ! oppress$ ?ree-fif?s ( ! political p[] :i* is grant$ to all o!rs1 aid !n puts ?is p[] into ! h&s ( _! oppressors1 to be wield$ by !m = ! m p]fect security ( _! tyrann\s au?ority1 & ! complete subjugation ( ! non-slavehold+ ,/ates4 ,ref]r+ to ?is atroci\s b>ga91 ,,alex&] ,,hamilton rem>k$ 9 ! ,new ,york ,conv5tion-- ,! fir/ ?+ object$ to1 is t clause :i* all[s a repres5tation = ?ree-fif?s ( ! negroes4 ,mu* has be5 said ( ! impropriety ( repres5t+ m5 :o h no w ( _! own3 :e!r ?is is reason+ or declamation1 7667 ,i w n presume to say4 ,x is ! un=tunate situation ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates to h a great "p ( _! population1 z well z prop]ty1 9 blacks4 ,! regulation compla9$ ( 0 "o result ( ! _s ( accommodation :i* gov]n$ ! ,conv5tion2 & )\t ?is indulg5ce1 ,,no ,,union ,,c\ld ,,possibly ,,h ,,be5 ,,=m$4 ,b1 sir1 consid]+ "s peculi> advantages :i* we d]ive f !m x is entirely ,,j t !y %\ld be gratifi$--,! ,s\!rn ,/ates possess c]ta9 /aples1--tobacco1 rice1 indigo1 c4--:i* mu/ be capital objects 9 treaties ( comm]ce ) =eign nations2 & ! advantage :i* !y necess>ily procure 9 ^! treaties w be felt ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,if su* 0 ! patriotism1 su* ! love ( lib]ty1 su* ! morality ( ,,alex&] ,,hamilton1 :at c be said ( ! "* ( ^? :o 7 f> less conspicu\s ?an himself 9 secur+ ,am]ican indep5d5ce1 & 9 fram+ ! ,am]ican ,con/itution8 ,li/51 n[1 to ! op9ions ( ,,john ,,qu9cy ,,adams1 respect+ ! con/itutional clause n[ "u consid]ation3-- ',9 outw>d %[1 x is a repres5tation ( p]sons 9 bondage2 9 fact1 x is a repres5tation ( _! ma/]s1--! oppressor repres5t+ ! oppress$4'--',is x 9 ! compass ( human imag9ation to devise a m p]fect exemplification ( ! art ( committ+ ! lamb to ! t5d] cu/ody ( ! wolf8'--',! repres5tative is ?us con/itut$1 n ! fri5d1 ag5t & tru/ee ( ! p]son :om he repres5ts1 b ! mo/ invet]ate ( 8 foes4'--',x 0 "o ( ! curses f t ,p&ora's box1 adju/$ at ! "t1 z usual1 by a compromise1 ! :ole advantage ( :i* inur$ to ! b5efit ( ! ,s\?1 & to aggravate ! burd5s ( ! ,nor?4'--',if !re be a p>allel to x 9 human hi/ory1 x c only be t ( ! ,roman ,emp]ors1 :o1 f ! days :5 ,julius ,caes> sub/itut$ a milit>y despotism 9 ! place ( a republic1 among ! (fices :i* !y always conc5trat$ ^u !mselves1 0 t ( tribune ( ! p4 ,a ,roman ,emp]or tribune ( ! p1 is an exact p>allel to t feature 9 ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :i* makes ! ma/] ! repres5tative ( 8 slave4'--',! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates expressly prescribes t no title ( nobility %all be grant$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! _s ( ?is int]dict is n a root$ antipa?y to ! grant ( m]e p[]less empty titles1 b to titles ( nobility2 to ! in/itution ( privileg$ ord]s ( m54 ,b :at ord] ( m5 "u ! mo/ absolute ( mon>*ies1 or ! mo/ ari/ocratic ( republics1 0 ev] inve/$ ) su* an odi\s & unju/ privilege z t ( ! sep>ate & exclusive repres5tation ( less ?an half a million own]s ( slaves1 9 ! ,hall ( ?is ,h\se1 9 ! ,*air ( ! ,s5ate1 & 9 ! ,presid5tial mansion8'--',?is inve/m5t ( p[] 9 ! own]s ( "o species ( prop]ty conc5trat$ 9 ! highe/ au?orities ( ! nation1 & dissem9at$ ?r\gh ?irte5 ( ! tw5ty-six ,/ates ( ! ,union1 con/itutes a privileg$ ord] ( m5 9 ! community1 m adv]se to ! rights ( all1 & m p]nici\s to ! int]e/s ( ! :ole1 ?an any ord] ( nobility ev] kn[n4 ,to call gov]nm5t ?us con/itut$ a democracy1 is to insult ! und]/&+ ( mank9d4 ,to call x an ari/ocracy1 is to d inju/ice to t =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,ari/ocracy is ! gov]nm5t ( ! be/4 ,its /&>d qualification = accession to p[] is m]it1 asc]ta9$ by popul> election recurr+ at %ort int]vals ( "t4 ,if ev5 t gov]nm5t is prone to deg5]ate into tyranny1 :at mu/ be ! "* ( t =m ( polity 9 :i* ! /&>d qualification = access to p[] is weal? 9 ! possession ( slaves8 ,x is d\bly ta9t$ ) ! infection ( ri*es & ( slav]y4 ,!re is no "n 9 ! language ( national jurisprud5ce t c def9e x--no model 9 ! records ( anci5t hi/ory1 or 9 ! political !ories ( ,ari/otle1 ) :i* x c be lik5$4 ,x 0 introduc$ into ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates by an equivocation--a repres5tation ( prop]ty "u ! "n ( p]sons4 ,little did ! memb]s ( ! ,conv5tion f ! free ,/ates =esee :at a sacrifice to ,molo* 0 hidd5 "u ! mask ( ?is concession4'--',! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates consi/s ( #bbc memb]s--all1 by ! lett] ( ! ,con/itution1 repres5tatives only ( p]sons1 z #ace ( !m really are2 b ! o!r #hh1 equally repres5t+ ! p]sons ( _! con/itu5ts1 by :om !y are elect$1 also repres5t1 "u ! "n ( o!r p]sons1 upw>ds ( two & a half millions ( slaves1 held z ! prop]ty ( less ?an half a million ( ! :ite con/itu5ts1 & valu$ at twelve hundr$ millions ( doll>s4 ,ea* ( ^! #hh memb]s repres5ts 9 fact ! :ole ( t mass ( associat$ weal?1 & ! p]sons & exclusive int]e/s ( its own]s2 all ?us knit toge!r1 l ! memb]s ( a money$ corporation1 ) a capital n ( ?irty-five or =ty or fifty1 b ( twelve hundr$ millions ( doll>s1 exhibit+ ! mo/ extraord9>y exemplification ( ! anti-republican t5d5cies ( associat$ weal? t ! _w ev] saw1'--',"h is "o class ( m51 consi/+ ( n m ?an "o =tie? "p ( ! :ole p1 n m ?an "o-?irtie? "p ( ! free population1 exclusively devot$ to _! p]sonal int]e/s id5tifi$ ) _! own z slavehold]s ( ! same associat$ weal?1 & wield+ by _! votes1 ^u e "q ( gov]nm5t or ( public policy1 two-fif?s ( ! :ole p[] ( ! ,h\se4 ,9 ! ,s5ate ( ! ,union1 ! proportion ( ! slavehold+ p[] is yet great]4 ,by ! influ5ce ( slav]y1 9 ! ,/ates :]e ! in/itution is tol]at$1 ov] _! elections1 no o!r ?an a slavehold] c rise to ! di/9ction ( obta9+ a seat 9 ! ,s5ate2 & ?us1 ( ! #eb memb]s ( ! f$]al ,s5ate1 #bf are own]s ( slaves1 & z effectively repres5tatives ( t int]e/ z ! #hh memb]s elect$ by !m to ! ,h\se4'--',by ?is process x is t all political p[] 9 ! ,/ates is absorb$ & engross$ by ! own]s ( slaves1 & ! ov]rul+ policy ( ! ,/ates is %ap$ to /r5g!n & consolidate _! dom9ation4 ,! legislative1 executive1 & judicial au?orities are all 9 _! h&s--! pres]vation1 propagation1 & p]petuation ( ! black code ( slav]y--e law ( ! legislature becomes a l9k 9 ! *a9 ( ! slave2 e executive act a rivet to 8 hapless fate2 e judicial decision a p]v]sion ( ! human intellect to ! ju/ification ( wrong4--,its reciprocal op]ation ^u ! gov]nm5t ( ! nation is1 to e/abli% an artificial majority 9 ! slave repres5tation ov] t ( ! free p1 9 ! ,am]ican ,congress1 & !reby to make ! ,,pres]vation1 ,,propagation1 ,,& ,,p]petuation ,,( ,,slav]y ,,! ,,vital ,,& ,,animat+ ,,_s ,,( ,,! ,,national ,,gov]nm5t4--,! result is se5 9 ! fact t1 at ?is day1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,s5ate1 ! ,speak] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 & five out ( n9e ( ! ,judges ( ! ,supreme ,judicial ,c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 are n only citiz5s ( slavehold+ ,/ates1 b individual slavehold]s !mselves4 ,s are1 & con/antly h be51 ) sc>cely an exception1 all ! memb]s ( bo? ,h\ses ( ,congress f ! slavehold+ ,/ates2 & s are1 9 imm5sely disproportionate numb]s1 ! comm&+ (fic]s ( ! army & navy2 ! (fic]s ( ! cu/oms2 ! regi/]s & receiv]s ( ! l& (fices1 & ! po/-ma/]s ?r\gh\t ! slavehold+ ,/ates4--,! ,bi5nial ,regi/] indicates ! bir?-place ( all ! (fic]s employ$ 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,union4 ,if x 7 requir$ to designate ! own]s ( ?is species ( prop]ty among !m1 x w\ld be little m ?an a catalogue ( slavehold]s4' ,x is confess$ by ,mr4 ,adams1 allud+ to ! national conv5tion t fram$ ! ,con/itution1 t ! delegation f ! free ,/ates1 9 _! extreme anxiety to conciliate ! asc5d5cy ( ! ,s\!rn slavehold]1 did li/5 to a compromise betwe5 "r & wrong--betwe5 fre$om & slav]y2 ( ! ultimate fruits ( :i* !y _h no conception1 b :i* already ev5 n[ is urg+ ! ,union to its inevitable ru9 & dissolution1 by a civil1 s]vile1 =eign1 & ,indian w>1 all comb9$ 9 "o2 a w>1 ! ess5tial issue ( :i* w be betwe5 fre$om & slav]y1 & 9 :i* ! unhall[$ /&>d ( slav]y w be ! desecrat$ bann] ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,union--t bann]1 fir/ unfurl$ to ! breeze1 inscrib$ ) ! self-evid5t tru?s ( ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce4 ,h5ce1 to swe> to support ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z x is1 is to make a compromise betwe5 "r & wrong1 & to wage w> aga9/ human lib]ty4 ,x is to recognize & honor z republican legislators1 incorrigible m5-/eal]s1 ,,m]ciless ,,tyrants1 ,,blood ,,?ir/y ,,assass9s1 :o legislate ) deadly weapons ab\t _! p]sons1 su* z pi/ols1 dagg]s1 & b[ie-knives1 ) :i* !y ?reat5 to murd] any ,nor!rn s5ator or repres5tative :o %all d>e to /a9 _! honor1 or int]f]e ) _! rights6 ,!y con/itute a b&itti m fi]ce & cruel ?an any ^: atrocities are record$ on ! pages ( hi/ory or romance4 ,to mix ) !m on t]ms ( social or religi\s fell[%ip1 is to indicate a l[ /ate ( virtue2 b to ?9k ( adm9i/]+ a free gov]nm5t by _! co-op]ation1 is no?+ %ort ( insanity4 ,article ,,iv41 ,section #b1 decl>es1--,no p]son held to s]vice or labor 9 "o ,/ate1 "u ! laws !re(1 escap+ into ano!r1 %all1 9 consequ5ce ( any law or regulation !re91 be dis*>g$ f su* s]vice or labor2 b %all be deliv]$ up on claim ( ! p>ty to :om su* s]vice or labor may be due4 ,"h is a ?ird clause1 :i*1 l ! o!r two1 makes no m5tion ( slav]y or slaves1 9 express t]ms2 & yet1 l !m1 0 intellig5tly fram$ & mutually und]/ood by ! p>ties to ! ratification1 & int5d$ bo? to protect ! slave sy/em & to re/ore runaway slaves4 ,x alone makes slav]y a national in/itution1 a national crime1 & all ! p :o are n enslav$1 ! body-gu>d ov] ^? ^: lib]ties h be5 clov5 d[n4 ,?is agreem5t1 too1 has be5 fulfill$ to ! lett] by ! ,nor?4 ,"u ! ,mosaic disp5sation x 0 imp]atively comm&$1--,?\ %alt n deliv] unto 8 ma/] ! s]vant :i* is escap$ f 8 ma/] unto !e3 he %all dwell ) !e1 ev5 among y1 9 t place :i* he %all *oose 9 "o ( ?y gates1 :]e x like? him be/3 ?\ %alt n oppress him4 ,! w>n+ :i* ! prophet ,isaiah gave to oppress+ ,moab 0 ( a simil> k9d3 ,take c\nsel1 execute judgm5t2 make ?y %ad[ z ! night 9 ! mid/ ( ! noon-day2 hide ! outca/s2 bewray n him t w&]e?4 ,let m9e outca/s dwell ) !e1 ,moab2 be ?\ a cov]t to !m f ! face ( ! spoil]4 ,! prophet ,obadiah br+s ! foll[+ *>ge aga9/ trea*]\s ,edom1 :i* is precisely applicable to ?is guilty nation3--,= ?y viol5ce aga9/ ?y bro!r ,jacob1 %ame %all come ov] !e1 & ?\ %alt be cut (f = ev]4 ,9 ! day t ?\ /oode/ on ! o!r side1 9 ! day t ! /rang]s c>ri$ away captive 8 =ces1 & =eign]s ent]$ into 8 gates1 & ca/ lots ^u ,j]usalem1 ev5 ?\ wa/ z "o ( !m4 ,b ?\ %\ld/ n h look$ on ! day ( ?y bro!r1 9 ! day t he became a /rang]2 nei!r %\ld/ ?\ h rejoic$ ov] ! *ildr5 ( ,judah1 9 ! day ( _! de/ruction2 nei!r %\ld/ ?\ h spok5 pr\dly 9 ! day ( di/ress2 nei!r %\ld/ ?\ h /ood 9 ! cross-way1 to cut (f ^? ( 8 t did escape2 nei!r %\ld/ ?\ h deliv]$ up ^? ( 8 t did rema91 9 ! day ( di/ress4 ,h[ exactly descriptive ( ?is boa/$ republic is ! impea*m5t ( ,edom by ! same prophet6 ,! pride ( ?y he>t ha? deceiv$ !e1 ?\ ^: habitation is high2 t saye? 9 ?y he>t1 ,:o %all br+ me d[n to ! gr\nd8 ,?\gh ?\ exalt ?yself z ! eagle1 & ?\gh ?\ set ?y ne/ among ! />s1 !nce w ,i br+ !e d[n1 sai? ! ,"l4 ,! emblem ( ,am]ican pride & p[] is ! eagle1 & on h] bann] %e has m+l$ />s ) its /ripes4 ,h] vanity1 h] trea*]y1 h] oppression1 h] self-exaltation1 & h] defiance ( ! ,almighty1 f> surpass ! madness & wick$ness ( ,edom4 ,:at %all be h] puni%m5t8 ,truly1 x may be affirm$ ( ! ,am]ican p1 7:o live n "u ! ,levitical b ,*ri/ian code1 & ^: guilt1 !re=e1 is ! m awful1 & _! condemnation ! great]17 9 ! language ( ano!r prophet--,!y all lie 9 wait = blood2 !y hunt e man 8 bro!r ) a net4 ,t !y may d evil ) bo? h&s e>ne/ly1 ! pr9ce aske?1 & ! judge aske? = a rew>d2 & ! great man1 he utt]e? 8 mis*iev\s desire3 s !y wrap x up4 ,likewise ( ! color$ inhabitants ( ?is l& x may be said1 --,?is is a p robb$ & spoil$2 !y are all ( !m sn>$ 9 holes1 & !y are hid 9 prison-h\ses2 !y are = a prey1 & none deliv]e?2 = a spoil1 & none sai?1 ,re/ore4 ,by ?is /ipulation1 ! ,nor!rn ,/ates are made ! hunt+ gr\nd ( slave-cat*]s1 :o may pursue _! victims ) blood-h\nds1 & capture !m ) impunity :]ev] !y c lay _! robb] h&s ^u !m4 ,at lea/ twelve or fifte5 ?\s& runaway slaves are n[ 9 ,canada1 exil$ f _! native l&1 because !y c\ld n f9d1 ?r\gh\t its va/ ext5t1 a s+le road on :i* !y c\ld dwell 9 safety1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is provision ( ! ,con/itution8 ,h[ is x possible1 !n1 = ! advocates ( lib]ty to support a gov]nm5t :i* gives ov] to de/ruction "o-six? "p ( ! :ole population8 ,x is d5i$ by "s at ! pres5t day1 t ! clause :i* has be5 cit$1 0 int5d$ to apply to runaway slaves4 ,?is indicates ei!r ignorance1 or folly1 or some?+ worse4 ,,james ,,madison z "o ( ! fram]s ( ! ,con/itution1 is ( "s au?ority on ?is po9t4 ,allud+ to t in/rum5t1 9 ! ,virg9ia conv5tion1 he said3-- ,ano!r clause secures u t prop]ty :i* we n[ possess4 ,at pres5t1 if any slave elopes to ^? ,/ates :]e slaves are free1 he becomes emancipat$ by _! laws2 = ! laws ( ! ,/ates are un*>itable767 to "o ano!r 9 ?is respect2 b 9 ?is con/itution1 ',no p]son held to s]vice or labor 9 "o ,/ate1 "u ! laws !re(1 %all1 9 consequ5ce ( any law or regulation !re91 be dis*>g$ f su* s]vice or labor1 b %all be deliv]$ ^u claim ( ! p>ty to :om su* s]vice or labor away be due4 ,,?is ,,clause ,,0 ,,expressly ,,ins]t$ ,,to ,,enable ,,! ,,own]s ,,( ,,slaves ,,to ,,reclaim ,,!m4 ,?is is a bett] security ?an any t n[ exi/s4 ,no p[] is giv5 to ! g5]al gov]nm5t to int]f]e ) respect to ! prop]ty 9 slaves n[ held by ! ,/ates4 ,9 ! same conv5tion1 allud+ to ! same clause1 ,,gov4 ,,r&olph said3-- ,e "o kn[s t slaves are held to s]vice or labor4 ,&1 :5 au?ority is giv5 to own]s ( slaves to v9dicate _! prop]ty1 c x be suppos$ !y c be depriv$ ( x8 ,if a citiz5 ( ?is ,/ate1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is clause1 c take 8 runaway slave 9 ,m>yl&1 c x be s]i\sly ?\ght t1 aft] tak+ him & br++ him home1 he c\ld be made free8 ,x is object$1 t slaves are held z prop]ty1 & !re=e1 z ! clause ref]s to p]sons1 x _c mean slaves4 ,b ?is is criticism aga9/ fact4 ,slaves are recogniz$ n m]ely z prop]ty1 b also z p]sons--z hav+ a mix$ "*--z comb9+ ! human ) ! brutal4 ,?is is p>adoxical1 we admit2 b slav]y is a p>adox--! ,am]ican ,con/itution is a p>adox--! ,am]ican ,union is a p>adox--! ,am]ican ,gov]nm5t is a p>adox2 & if any "o ( ^! is to be repudiat$ on t gr\nd1 !y all are4 ,t x is ! duty ( ! fri5ds ( fre$om to d5y ! b9d+ au?ority ( !m all1 & to sec$e f !m all1 we di/9ctly affirm4 ,aft] ! indep5d5ce ( ?is c\ntry _h be5 a*iev$1 ! voice ( ,god exhort$ ! p1 say+1 ,execute true judgm5t1 & %[ m]cy & compassion e man to 8 bro!r3 & oppress n ! wid[1 nor ! fa!rless1 ! /rang]1 nor ! poor2 & let none ( y imag9e evil aga9/ 8 bro!r 9 y\r he>t4 ,b !y refus$ to he>k51 & pull$ away ! %\ld]1 & /opp$ _! e>s1 t !y %\ld n he>2 yea1 !y made _! he>ts z an adamant /one4 ,%all ,i n visit = ^! ?+s8 sai? ! ,"l4 ,%all n my s\l be av5g$ on su* a nation z ?is8 ,:atev] d\bt may h re/$ on any hone/ m9d1 respect+ ! mean+ ( ! clause 9 relation to p]sons held to s]vice or labor1 mu/ h be5 remov$ by ! unanim\s decision ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 ! case ( ,prigg v]sus ,! ,/ate ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,by t decision1 any ,s\!rn slave-cat*] is emp[]$ to seize & convey to ! ,s\?1 )\t h9drance or mole/ation on ! "p ( ! ,/ate1 & )\t any legal process duly obta9$ & s]v$1 any p]son or p]sons1 irrespective ( ca/e or complexion1 :om he may *oose to claim z runaway slaves2 & if1 :5 ?us surpris$ & attack$1 or on _! arrival ,s\?1 !y _c prove by legal witnesses1 t !y are freem51 _! doom is seal$6 ,h5ce ! free color$ population ( ! ,nor? are specially liable to become ! victims ( ?is t]rible p[]1 & all ! o!r inhabitants are at ! m]cy ( pr[l+ kidnapp]s1 because !re are multitudes ( :ite z well z black slaves on ,s\!rn plantations1 & slav]y is no long] fa/idi\s ) reg>d to ! color ( its prey4 ,z soon z t appall+ decision ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt 0 enunciat$1 9 ! "n ( ! ,con/itution1 ! p ( ! ,nor? %\ld h ris5 en masse1 if = no o!r cause1 & decl>$ ! ,union at an end2 & !y w\ld h done s1 if !y _h n lo/ _! manhood1 & _! rev]5ce = ju/ice & lib]ty4 ,9 ! #d? ,sect4 ( ,art4 ,,iv41 ! ,unit$ ,/ates gu>antee to protect e ,/ate 9 ! ,union aga9/ dome/ic viol5ce4 ,by ! #h? ,section ( ,article #a41 congress is emp[]$ to provide = call+ =? ! militia to execute ! laws ( ! ,union1 suppress insurrections1 & repel invasions4 ,^! provisions1 h[ev] /rictly !y may apply to cases ( di/urbance among ! :ite population1 7 adopt$ ) special ref]5ce to ! slave population1 = ! purpose ( keep+ !m 9 _! *a9s by ! comb9$ milit>y =ce ( ! c\ntry2 & 7 ^! repeal$1 & ! ,s\? left to manage h] slaves z be/ %e c\ld1 a s]vile insurrection w\ld ere long be ! consequ5ce1 z g5]al z x w\ld unque/ionably be successful4 ,says ,mr4 ,madison1 respect+ ^! clauses3-- ,on application ( ! legislature or executive1 z ! case may be1 ! militia ( ! o!r ,/ates are to be call$ to suppress dome/ic insurrections4 ,does ?is b> ! ,/ates f call+ =? _! own militia8 ,no2 b x gives !m a supplem5t>y security to suppress insurrections & dome/ic viol5ce4 ,! answ] to ,patrick ,h5ry's objection1 z urg$ aga9/ ! con/itution 9 ! ,virg9ia conv5tion1 t !re 0 no p[] left to ! ,/ates to quell an insurrection ( slaves1 z x 0 :olly ve/$ 9 congress1 ,george ,ni*olas ask$3-- ,h !y x n[8 ,if !y h1 does ! con/itution take x away8 ,if x does1 x mu/ be 9 "o ( ^? clauses :i* h be5 m5tion$ by ! wor?y memb]4 ,! fir/ "p gives ! g5]al gov]nm5t p[] to call !m out :5 necess>y4 ,does ?is take x away f ! ,/ates8 ,no6 b x gives an additional security2 =1 beside ! p[] 9 ! ,/ate gov]nm5t to use _! own militia1 x w be ! duty ( ! g5]al gov]nm5t to aid !m ,,) ,,! ,,/r5g? ,,( ,,! ,,union1 :5 call$ =4 ,?is solemn gu>anty ( security to ! slave sy/em1 caps ! climax ( national b>b>ity1 & /a9s ) human blood ! g>m5ts ( all ! p4 ,9 consequ5ce ( x1 t sy/em has multipli$ its victims f five hundr$ ?\s& to ne>ly ?ree millions--a va/ am\nt ( t]ritory has be5 pur*as$1 9 ord] to give x ext5sion & p]petuity--sev]al new slave ,/ates h be5 admitt$ into ! ,union--! slave trade has be5 made "o ( ! great bran*es ( ,am]ican comm]ce--! slave population1 ?\gh ov]-work$1 />v$1 lac]at$1 br&$1 maim$1 & subject$ to e =m ( deprivation & e species ( torture1 h be5 ov] aw$ & cru%$1--or1 :5ev] !y h attempt$ to ga9 _! lib]ty by revolt1 !y h be5 %ot d[n & quell$ by ! /rong arm ( ! national gov]nm5t2 z1 = example1 9 ! case ( ,nat ,turn]'s insurrection 9 ,virg9ia1 :5 ! naval & milit>y =ces ( ! gov]nm5t 7 call$ into active s]vice4 ,cuban bloodh\nds h be5 pur*as$ ) ! money ( ! p1 & import$ & us$ to hunt slave fugitives among ! ev]glades ( ,florida4 ,a m]ciless w>f>e has be5 wag$ = ! ext]m9ation or expulsion ( ! ,florida ,indians1 because !y gave succor to ^? poor hunt$ fugitives--a w>f>e :i* has co/ ! nation sev]al ?\s& lives1 & =ty millions ( doll>s4 ,b ! catalogue ( enormities is too long to be recapitulat$ 9 ! pres5t address4 ,we h ?us demon/rat$ t ! compact betwe5 ! ,nor? & ! ,s\? embraces e v>iety ( wrong & outrage1--is at w> ) ,god & man1 _c be innoc5tly support$1 & des]ves to be imm$iately annull$4 ,9 behalf ( ! ,society :i* we repres5t1 we call ^u all our fell[-citiz5s1 :o believe x is "r to obey ,god r ?an man1 to decl>e !mselves peaceful revolutioni/s1 & to unite ) u "u ! /a9less bann] ( ,lib]ty1 hav+ = its motto--,,equal ,,rights ,,= ,,all--,,no ,,union ,,) ,,slavehold]s6 ,x is plead$ t ! ,con/itution provides = its own am5dm5t2 & we ought to use ! elective fran*ise to effect ?is object4 ,true1 !re is su* a proviso2 b1 until ! am5dm5t be made1 t in/rum5t is b9d+ z x /&s4 ,is x n to violate e moral in/9ct1 & to sacrifice pr9ciple to exp$i5cy1 to argue t we may swe> to /eal1 oppress & murd] by :olesale1 because x may be necess>y to d s only = ! "t be+1 & because !re is "s remote probability t ! in/rum5t :i* requires t we %\ld be robb]s1 oppressors & murd]]s1 may at "s future day be am5d$ 9 ^! p>ticul>s8 ,let u n palt] ) our consci5ces 9 ?is mann]--let u n d5y t ! compact 0 conceiv$ 9 s9 & br\ght =? 9 iniquity--let u n be s di%one/1 ev5 to promote a good object1 z to int]pret ! ,con/itution 9 a mann] utt]ly at v>iance ) ! int5tions & arrangem5ts ( ! contract+ p>ties2 b1 confess+ ! guilt ( ! nation1 ackn[l$g+ ! dreadful specifications 9 ! bond1 wa%+ our h&s 9 ! wat]s ( rep5tance f all fur!r p>ticipation 9 ?is crim9al alliance1 & resolv+ t we w su/a9 none o!r ?an a free & righte\s gov]nm5t1 let u glory 9 ! "n ( revolutioni/s1 unfurl ! bann] ( disunion1 & consecrate our tal5ts & means to ! ov]?r[ ( all t is tyrannical 9 ! l&1--to ! e/abli%m5t ( all t is free1 j1 true & holy1--to ! triumph ( univ]sal love & peace4 ,if1 9 utt] disreg>d ( ! hi/orical facts :i* h be5 cit$1 x is /ill ass]t$1 t ! ,con/itution ne$s no am5dm5t to make x a free in/rum5t1 adapt$ to all ! exig5cies ( a free p1 & 0 nev] int5d$ to give any /r5g? or c\nt5ance to ! slave sy/em--! indignant _s ( insult$ ,lib]ty replies3--,:at ?\gh ! ass]tion be true8 ,( :at avail is a m]e piece ( p>*m5t8 ,9 itself1 ?\gh x be writt5 all ov] ) words ( tru? & fre$om--?\gh its provisions be z imp>tial & j z words c express1 or ! imag9ation pa9t--?\gh x be z pure z ! gospel1 & brea! only ! _s ( ,heav5--x is p[]less2 x has no executive vitality2 x is a lifeless corpse1 ev5 ?\gh beautiful 9 dea?4 ,i am fami%+ = lack ( bread6 ,h[ is my appetite reliev$ by hold+ up to my gaze a pa9t$ loaf8 ,i am manacl$1 w\nd$1 ble$+ dy+6 ,:at consolation is x to "k1 t !y :o are seek+ to de/roy my life1 pr(ess 9 words to be my fri5ds8 ,if ! lib]ties ( ! p h be5 betray$--if judgm5t is turn$ away backw>d1 & ju/ice /&e? af> (f1 & tru? has fall5 9 ! /reets1 & equality _c ent]--if ! pr9ces ( ! l& are ro>+ lions1 ! judges ev5+ wolves1 ! p light & trea*]\s p]sons1 ! prie/s cov]$ ) pollution--if we are liv+ "u a frightful despotism1 :i* sc(fs at all con/itutional re/ra9ts1 & wields ! res\rces ( ! nation to promote its own bloody purposes--tell u n t ! =ms ( fre$om are /ill left to u6 ,w\ld su* tam5ess & submission h freight$ ! ,may-,fl[] = ,plym\? ,rock8 ,w\ld x h resi/$ ! ,/amp ,act1 ! ,tea ,tax1 or any ( ^? ent]+ w$ges ( tyranny ) :i* ! ,briti% gov]nm5t s\ght to rive ! lib]ties ( ,am]ica8 ,! :eel ( ! ,revolution w\ld h ru/$ on its axle1 if a _s s weak _h be5 ! only p[] to give x motion4 ,did our fa!rs say1 :5 _! rights & lib]ties 7 infr+$--,:y1 :at is done _c be undone4 ,t is ! fir/ ?\ght4 ,no1 x 0 ! la/ ?+ !y ?\ght (3 or1 r1 x nev] ent]$ _! m9ds at all4 ,!y sprang to ! conclusion at once--,:at is done ,,%all be undone4 ,t is our ,,fir/ & ,,only ?\ght4 ,is wat] runn+ 9 our ve9s8 ,d we rememb] /ill ,old ,plym\? ,rock1 & ,lex+ton1 & fam\s ,bunk] ,hill8 ,! debt we owe our fa!rs' graves8 & to ! yet unborn1 ,^: h]itage ourselves mu/ make a ?+ ( pride or scorn8 ,gray ,plym\? ,rock ha? yet a tongue1 & ,concord is n dumb2 ,& voices f our fa!rs' graves & f ! future come3 ,!y call on u to /& our gr\nd--!y *>ge u /ill to be ,n only free f *a9s ourselves1 b =emo/ to make free6 ,x is ( little consequ5ce :o is on ! ?rone1 if !re be beh9d x a p[] mighti] ?an ! ?rone4 ,x matt]s n :at is ! !ory ( ! gov]nm5t1 if ! practice ( ! gov]nm5t be unju/ & tyrannical4 ,we rise 9 rebellion aga9/ a despotism incomp>ably m dreadful ?an t :i* induc$ ! coloni/s to take up arms aga9/ ! "m c\ntry2 n on acc\nt ( a ?ree-p5ny tax on tea1 b because fett]s ( liv+ iron are fa/5$ on ! limbs ( millions ( our c\ntrym51 & our mo/ sacr$ rights are trampl$ 9 ! du/4 ,z citiz5s ( ! ,/ate1 we appeal to ! ,/ate 9 va9 = protection & r$ress4 ,z citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 we are treat$ z outlaws 9 "o half ( ! c\ntry1 & ! national gov]nm5t cons5ts to our de/ruction4 ,we are d5i$ ! "r ( locomotion1 fre$om ( spee*1 ! "r ( petition1 ! lib]ty ( ! press1 ! "r peaceably to assemble toge!r to prote/ aga9/ oppression & plead = lib]ty--at lea/ 9 ?irte5 ,/ates ( ! ,union4 ,if we v5ture1 z av[$ & unfl9*+ abolitioni/s1 to travel ,s\? ( ,mason & ,dixon's l9e1 we d s at ! p]il ( our lives4 ,if we w\ld escape torture & dea?1 on visit+ any ( ! slave ,/ates1 we mu/ /ifle our consci5ti\s convictions1 be> no te/imony aga9/ cruelty & tyranny1 suppress ! /ruggl+ emotions ( humanity1 dive/ ourselves ( all lett]s & pap]s ( an anti-slav]y "*1 & d homage to ! slavehold+ p[]--or run ! risk ( a cruel m>tyrdom6 ,^! are appall+ & und5iable facts4 ,?ree millions ( ! ,am]ican p are cru%$ "u ! ,am]ican ,union6 ,!y are held z slaves--traffick$ z m]*&ise--regi/]$ z goods & *attels6 ,! gov]nm5t gives !m no protection--! gov]nm5t is _! enemy--! gov]nm5t keeps !m 9 *a9s6 ,!re !y lie ble$+--we are pro/rate by _! side--9 _! sorr[s & suff]+s we p>ticipate--_! /ripes are inflict$ on our bodies1 _! %ackles are fa/5$ on our limbs1 _! cause is ours6 ,! ,union :i* gr9ds !m to ! du/ re/s ^u u1 & ) !m we w /ruggle to ov]?r[ x6 ,! ,con/itution1 :i* subjects !m to hopeless bondage1 is "o t we _c swe> to support6 ,our motto is1 ,,no ,,union ,,) ,,slavehold]s1 ei!r religi\s or political4 ,!y are ! fi]ce/ enemies ( mank9d1 & ! bitt]e/ foes ( ,god6 ,we sep>ate f !m n 9 ang]1 n 9 malice1 n = a selfi% purpose1 n to d !m an injury1 n to cease w>n+1 exhort+1 reprov+ !m = _! crimes1 n to leave ! p]i%+ bondman to 8 fate--,o no6 ,b to cle> our skirts ( innoc5t blood--to give ! oppressor no c\nt5ance--to signify our abhorr5ce ( inju/ice & cruelty--to te/ify aga9/ an ungodly compact--to cease /rik+ h&s ) ?ieves & cons5t+ ) adult]]s--to make no compromise ) tyranny--to walk wor?ily ( our high pr(ession--to increase our moral p[] ov] ! nation--to obey ,god & v9dicate ! gospel ( 8 ,son--ha/5 ! d[nfall ( slav]y 9 ,am]ica1 & ?r\gh\t ! _w6 ,we are n act+ "u a bl9d impulse4 ,we h c>efully c\nt$ ! co/ ( ?is w>f>e1 & are prep>$ to meet its consequ5ces4 ,x w subject u to reproa*1 p]secution1 infamy--x w prove a fi]y ordeal to all :o %all pass ?r\gh x--x may co/ u our lives4 ,we %all be ridicul$ z fools1 accus$ z vision>ies1 br&$ z disorganiz]s1 revil$ z madm51 ?reat5$ & p]haps puni%$ z traitors4 ,b we %all bide our "t4 ,:e!r safety or p]il1 :e!r victory or defeat1 :e!r life or dea? be ours1 believ+ t our feet are plant$ on an et]nal f\ndation1 t our position is sublime & glori\s1 t our fai? 9 ,god is rational & /eadfa/1 t we h exce$+ great & preci\s promises on :i* to rely1 ,,t ,,we ,,are ,,9 ,,! ,,"r1 we %all n falt] nor be dismay$1 ?\gh ! e>? be remov$1 & ?\gh ! m\nta9s be c>ri$ into ! mid/ ( ! sea1--?\gh our ranks be ?9n$ to ! numb] ( ?ree hundr$ m54 ,freem56 are y ready = ! conflict8 ,come :at may1 w y sev] ! *a9 t b9ds y to a slavehold+ gov]nm5t1 & decl>e y\r indep5d5ce8 ,up1 !n1 ) ! bann] ( revolution6 ,n to %$ blood--n to injure ! p]son or e/ate ( any oppressor--n by =ce & arms to resi/ any law--n to c\nt5ance a s]vile insurrection--n to wield any c>nal weapons6 ,no--ours mu/ be a bloodless /rife1 except+ our blood be %$--= we aim1 z did ,*ri/ our lead]1 n to de/roy m5's lives1 b to save !m--to ov]come evil ) good--to conqu] ?r\gh suff]+ = righte\sness' sake--to set ! captive free by ! pot5cy ( tru?6 ,sec$e1 !n1 f ! gov]nm5t4 ,submit to its exactions1 b pay x no allegiance1 & give x no volunt>y aid4 ,fill no (fices "u x4 ,s5d no s5ators or repres5tatives to ! national or ,/ate legislature2 = :at y _c consci5ti\sly p]=m y\rself1 y _c ask ano!r to p]=m z y\r ag5t4 ,circulate a decl>ation ( ,,disunion ,,f ,,slavehold]s1 ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,hold mass meet+s--assemble 9 conv5tions--nail y\r bann]s to ! ma/6 ,d y ask :at c be done1 if y ab&on ! ballot-box8 ,:at did ! crucifi$ ,naz>5e d )\t ! elective fran*ise8 ,:at did ! apo/les d8 ,:at did ! glori\s army ( m>tyrs & confessors d8 ,:at did ,lu!r & 8 intrepid associates d8 ,:at c wom5 & *ildr5 d8 ,:at has ,fa!r ,ma!w done = teetotalism8 ,:at has ,daniel ,o',connell done = ,iri% repeal8 ,/&1 hav+ y\r lo9s girt ab\t ) tru?1 & hav+ on ! brea/-plate ( righte\sness1 & array$ 9 ! :ole armor ( ,god6 ,! =m ( gov]nm5t t %all succe$ ! pres5t gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 let "t det]m9e4 ,x w\ld be a wa/e ( "t to argue t "q1 until ! p are reg5]at$ & turn$ f _! iniquity4 ,ours is no an>*ical movem5t1 b "o ( ord] & ob$i5ce4 ,9 ceas+ f oppression1 we e/abli% lib]ty4 ,:at is n[ fragm5t>y1 %all 9 due "t be cry/alliz$1 & %9e l a gem set 9 ! heav5s1 = a light to all com+ ages4 ,f9ally--we believe t ! effect ( ?is movem5t w be1--,fir/1 to create discussion & agitation ?r\gh\t ! ,nor?2 & ^! w lead to a g5]al p]ception ( its gr&eur & importance4 ,secondly1 to convulse ! slumb]+ ,s\? l an e>?quake1 & conv9ce h] t h] only alt]native is1 to aboli% slav]y1 or be ab&on$ by t p[] on :i* %e n[ relies = safety4 ,?irdly1 to attack ! slave p[] 9 its mo/ vuln]able po9t1 & to c>ry ! battle to ! gate4 ,f\r?ly1 to exalt ! moral s5se1 increase ! moral p[]1 & invigorate ! moral con/itution ( all :o he>tily esp\se x4 ,we rev]5tly believe t1 9 )draw+ f ! ,am]ican ,union1 we h ! ,god ( ju/ice ) u4 ,we "k t we h our enslav$ c\ntrym5 ) u4 ,we are confid5t t all free he>ts w be ) u4 ,we are c]ta9 t tyrants & _! abettors w be aga9/ u4 ,9 behalf ( ! ,executive ,committee ( ! ,am]ican ,anti-,slav]y ,society1 ,,wm4 ,,lloyd ,,g>rison1 ,presid5t4 ,,w5dell ,,phillips1 ,secret>ies4 ,,m>ia ,,we/on ,,*apman1 ,bo/on1 ,may #bj1 #ahdd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lett] ,,f ,,francis ,,jackson4 ,,bo/on1 #d,,? ,july1 #ahdd ,to ,8 ,excell5cy ,george ,n4 ,briggs3 ,,sir--,_m ye>s s9ce1 ,i receiv$ f ! ,executive ( ! ,commonweal? a commission z ,ju/ice ( ! ,peace4 ,i h held ! (fice t x conf]r$ ^u me till ! pres5t "t1 & h f\nd x a conv5i5ce to myself1 & o!rs4 ,x might cont9ue to be s1 c\ld ,i cons5t long] to hold x4 ,b p>am\nt consid]ations =bid1 & ,i h]e) transmit to y my commission1 respectfully ask+ y to accept my resignation4 ,:ile ,i deem x a duty to myself to take ?is /ep1 ,i feel call$ on to /ate ! reasons t influ5ce me4 ,9 ent]+ ^u ! duties ( ! (fice 9 "q1 ,i compli$ ) ! requirem5ts ( ! law1 by tak+ an oa? to support ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,i regret t ,i ev] took t oa?4 ,_h ,i !n z maturely consid]$ its full import1 & ! obligations "u :i* x is und]/ood1 & meant to lay ^? :o take x1 z ,i h done s9ce1 ,i c]ta9ly nev] w\ld h tak5 x1 see+1 z ,i n[ d1 t ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates conta9s provisions calculat$ & int5d$ to fo/]1 *]i%1 uphold & p]petuate slav]y4 ,x pl$ges ! c\ntry to gu>d & protect ! slave sy/em s long z ! slavehold+ ,/ates *oose to reta9 x4 ,x reg>ds ! slave code z lawful 9 ! ,/ates :i* enact x4 ,/ill m1 x has done t1 :i*1 until its adoption1 0 nev] be=e done = ,african slav]y4 ,x took x out ( its =m] category ( municipal law & local life1 adopt$ x z a national in/itution1 spread ar\nd x ! broad & suffici5t %ield ( national law1 & ?us gave to slav]y a national exi/5ce4 ,consequ5tly1 ! oa? to support ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is a solemn promise to d t :i* is morally wrong2 t :i* is a violation ( ! natural rights ( man1 & a s9 9 ! sight ( ,god4 ,i am n1 9 ?is matt]1 con/itut+ myself a judge ( o!rs4 ,i d n say t no hone/ man c take su* an oa?1 & abide by x4 ,i only say1 t ,i w\ld n n[ delib]ately take x2 & t1 hav+ inconsid]ately tak5 x1 ,i c no long] suff] x to lie ^u my s\l4 ,i take back ! oa?1 & ask y1 sir1 to take back ! commission1 :i* 0 ! occasion ( my tak+ x4 ,i am aw>e t my c\rse 9 ?is matt] is liable to be reg>d$ z s+ul>1 if n c5surable2 & ,i mu/1 !re=e1 be all[$ to make a m specific /atem5t ( ^? provisions ( ! ,con/itution :i* support ! enorm\s wrong1 ! he9\s s9 ( slav]y4 ,! v fir/ ,article ( ! ,con/itution takes slav]y at once "u its legislative protection1 z a basis ( repres5tation 9 ! popul> bran* ( ! ,national ,legislature4 ,x reg>ds slaves "u ! description ( all o!r p]sons--z ( only ?ree-fif?s ( ! value ( free p]sons2 ?us to appe>ance und]valu+ !m 9 comp>ison ) freem54 ,b its d>k & involv$ phraseology seems int5d$ to bl9d u to ! consid]ation1 t ^? und]rat$ slaves are m]ely a basis1 n ! s\rce ( repres5tation2 t by ! laws ( all ! ,/ates :]e !y live1 !y are reg>d$ n z p]sons2 b z ?+s2 t !y are n ! con/itu5cy ( ! repres5tative1 b 8 prop]ty2 & t ! necess>y effect ( ?is provision ( ! ,con/itution is1 to take legislative p[] out ( ! h&s ( m51 z su*1 & give x to ! m]e possessors ( goods & *attels4 ,fix+ ^u ?irty ?\s& p]sons1 z ! smalle/ numb] t %all s5d "o memb] into ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 x protects slav]y by di/ribut+ legislative p[] 9 a free & 9 a slave ,/ate ?us3 ,to a congressional di/rict 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 conta9+ fifty ?\s& slaves1 claim$ z ! prop]ty ( five hundr$ :ites1 :o hold1 on an av]age1 "o hundr$ apiece1 x gives "o ,repres5tative 9 ,congress2 to a di/rict 9 ,massa*usetts conta9+ a population ( ?irty ?\s& five hundr$1 "o ,repres5tative is assign$4 ,b inasmu* z a slave is nev] p]mitt$ to vote1 ! fifty ?\s& p]sons 9 a di/rict 9 ,c>ol9a =m no "p ( ! con/itu5cy2 t is f\nd only 9 ! five hundr$ free p]sons4 ,five hundr$ freem5 ( ,c>ol9a c\ld s5d "o ,repres5tative to ,congress1 :ile x w\ld take ?irty ?\s& five hundr$ freem5 ( ,massa*usetts1 to d ! same ?+3 t is1 "o slavehold] 9 ,c>ol9a is clo!d by ! ,con/itution ) ! same political p[] & influ5ce 9 ! ,repres5tatives ,hall at ,wa%+ton1 z sixty ,massa*usetts m5 l y & me1 :o eat _! bread 9 ! sweat ( _! own br[s4 ,accord+ to ! c5sus ( #ahcj1 & ! ratio ( repres5tation bas$ ^u t1 slave prop]ty add$ tw5ty-five memb]s to ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 ,& z x has be5 e/imat$1 7z an approximation to ! tru?17 t ! two & a half million slaves 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates are held z prop]ty by ab\t two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& p]sons--giv+ an av]age ( t5 slaves to ea* slavehold]1 ^? tw5ty-five ,repres5tatives1 ea* *os51 at mo/1 by only t5 ?\s& vot]s1 & probably by less ?an ?ree-f\r?s ( t numb]1 7 ! repres5tatives1 n only ( ! two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& p]sons :o *ose !m2 b ( prop]ty :i*1 five ye>s ago1 :5 slaves 7 l[] 9 m>ket1 ?an at pres5t1 7 e/imat$1 by ! man :o is n[ ! mo/ prom95t c&idate = ! ,presid5cy1 at twelve hundr$ millions ( doll>s--a sum1 :i*1 by ! natural increase ( five ye>s1 & ! enhanc$ value result+ f a m prosp]\s /ate ( ! plant+ int]e/1 _c n[ be less ?an fifte5 hundr$ millions ( doll>s4 ,all ?is va/ am\nt ( prop]ty1 z x is peculi>1 is also id5tical 9 its "*4 ,9 ,congress1 z we h se51 x is animat$ by "o _s1 moves 9 "o mass1 & is wield$ ) "o aim2 & :5 we consid] t tyranny is always timid1 & despotism di/ru/ful1 we see t ?is va/ money p[] w\ld be false to itself1 did x n direct all its eyes & h&s1 & put =? all its +5uity & en]gy1 to "o end--self-protection & self-p]petuation4 ,& ?is x has ev] done4 ,9 all ! vibrations ( ! political scale1 :e!r 9 relation to a ,bank or ,sub-,treasury1 ,free ,trade or a ,t>iff1 ?is imm5se p[] has mov$1 & w cont9ue to move1 9 "o mass1 = its own protection4 ,:ile ! weight ( ! slave influ5ce is ?us felt 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 9 ! ,s5ate ( ! ,union1 says ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1 ! proportion ( slavehold+ p[] is /ill great]4 ,by ! influ5ce ( slav]y 9 ! ,/ates :]e ! in/itution is tol]at$1 ov] _! elections1 no o!r ?an a slavehold] c rise to ! di/9ction ( obta9+ a seat 9 ! ,s5ate2 & ?us1 ( ! fifty-two memb]s ( ! f$]al ,s5ate1 tw5ty-six are own]s ( slaves1 & are z effectually repres5tatives ( t int]e/1 z ! eighty-eight memb]s elect$ by !m to ! ,h\se4 ,! dom9ant p[] :i* ! ,con/itution gives to ! slave int]e/1 z ?us se5 & ex]cis$ 9 ! ,legislative ,halls ( our nation1 is equally obvi\s & obtrusive 9 e o!r dep>tm5t ( ! ,national gov]nm5t4 ,9 ! ,electoral colleges1 ! same cause produces ! same effect--! same p[] is wield$ = ! same purpose1 z 9 ! ,halls ( ,congress4 ,ev5 ! prelim9>y nom9at+ conv5tions1 be=e !y d>e "n a c&idate = ! highe/ (fice 9 ! gift ( ! p1 mu/ ask ( ! ,g5ius ( slav]y1 to :at vot>y %e w %[ h]self propiti\s4 ,?is v ye>1 we see bo? ! great political p>ties do+ homage to ! slave p[]1 by nom9at+ ea* a slavehold] = ! *air ( ! ,/ate4 ,! c&idate ( "o p>ty decl>es4 ,i %\ld h oppos$1 & w\ld cont9ue to oppose1 any s*eme :atev] ( emancipation1 ei!r gradual or imm$iate2 & adds1 ,x is n true1 & ,i rejoice t x is n true1 t ei!r ( ! two great p>ties ( ?is c\ntry has any design or aim at abolition4 ,i %\ld deeply lam5t x1 if x 7 true4#id ,footnote #id3 ,h5ry ,clay's spee* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate 9 #ahci1 & confirm$ at ,raleigh1 ,n4,c4 #ahdd4 ,! o!r p>ty nom9ates a man :o says1 ,i h no hesitation 9 decl>+ t ,i am 9 favor ( ! imm$iate re-annexation ( ,texas to ! t]ritory & gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?us bo? ! political p>ties1 & ! c&idates ( bo?1 vie ) ea* o!r1 9 (f]+ allegiance to ! slave p[]1 z a condition prec$5t to any hope ( success 9 ! /ruggle = ! executive *air2 a seat t1 = m ?an ?ree-f\r?s ( ! exi/5ce ( our con/itutional gov]nm5t1 has be5 occupi$ by a slavehold]4 ,! same /]n despotism ov]%ad[s ev5 ! sanctu>ies ( ju/ice4 ,( ! n9e ,ju/ices ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 five are slavehold]s1 & ( c\rse1 mu/ be fai?less to _! own int]e/1 z well z recreant to ! p[] t gives !m place1 or mu/1 s f> z !y are conc]n$1 give bo? to law & con/itution su* a con/ruction z %all ju/ify ! language ( ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1 :5 he says--,! legislative1 executive1 & judicial au?orities1 are all 9 _! h&s--= ! pres]vation1 propagation1 & p]petuation ( ! black code ( slav]y4 ,e law ( ! legislature becomes a l9k 9 ! *a9 ( ! slave2 e executive act a rivet to 8 hapless fate2 e judicial decision a p]v]sion ( ! human intellect to ! ju/ification ( wrong4 ,?us by m]ely adv]t+ b briefly to ! !ory & ! practical effect ( ?is clause ( ! ,con/itution1 t ,i h sworn to support1 x is se5 t x ?r[s ! political p[] ( ! nation into ! h&s ( ! slavehold]s2 a body ( m51 :i*1 h[ev] x may be reg>d$ by ! ,con/itution z p]sons1 is 9 fact & practical effect1 a va/ money$ corporation1 b\nd toge!r by an indissoluble unity ( int]e/1 by a common s5se ( a common dang]2 c\nsell+ at all times = its common protection2 wield+ ! :ole p[]1 & controll+ ! de/9y ( ! nation4 ,if we look into ! legislative halls1 slav]y is se5 9 ! *air ( ! presid+ (fic] ( ea*1 & controll+ ! action ( bo?4 ,slav]y occupies1 by prescriptive "r1 ! ,presid5tial *air4 ,! p>am\nt voice t comes f ! temple ( national ju/ice1 issues f ! lips ( slav]y4 ,! army is 9 ! h&s ( slav]y1 & at h] bidd+1 mu/ encamp 9 ! ev]glades ( ,florida1 or m>* f ! ,miss\ri to ! bord]s ( ,mexico1 to look aft] h] int]e/s 9 ,texas4 ,! navy1 ev5 t "p t is cruis+ (f ! coa/ ( ,africa1 to suppress ! =eign slave trade1 is 9 ! h&s ( slav]y4 ,freem5 ( ! ,nor?1 :o h ev5 d>$ to lift up _! voice aga9/ slav]y1 _c travel ?r\gh ! slave ,/ates1 b at ! p]il ( _! lives4 ,! repres5tatives ( freem5 are =bidd51 on ! floor ( ,congress1 to remon/rate aga9/ ! encroa*m5ts ( slav]y1 or to pray t %e w\ld let h] poor victims g4 ,i r5\nce my allegiance to a ,con/itution t en?rones su* a p[]1 wield$ = ! purpose ( depriv+ me ( my rights1 ( robb+ my c\ntrym5 ( _! lib]ties1 & ( secur+ its own protection1 support & p]petuation4 ,pass+ by t clause ( ! ,con/itution1 :i* re/rict$ ,congress = tw5ty ye>s1 f pass+ any law aga9/ ! ,african slave trade1 & :i* gave au?ority to raise a rev5ue on ! /ol5 sons ( ,africa1 ,i come to t "p ( ! f\r? article1 :i* gu>antees protection aga9/ dome/ic viol5ce1 & :i* pl$ges to ! ,s\? ! milit>y =ce ( ! c\ntry1 to protect ! ma/]s aga9/ _! insurg5t slaves3 b9ds u1 & our *ildr51 to %oot d[n our fell[-c\ntrym51 :o may rise1 9 emulation ( our revolution>y fa!rs1 to v9dicate _! inali5able "r to life1 lib]ty & ! pursuit ( happ9ess1--?is clause ( ! ,con/itution1 ,i say di/9ctly1 ,i nev] w support4 ,t "p ( ! ,con/itution :i* provides = ! surr5d] ( fugitive slaves1 ,i nev] h support$ & nev] w4 ,i w jo9 9 no slave-hunt4 ,my door %all /& op51 z x has long /ood1 = ! pant+ & trembl+ victim ( ! slave-hunt]4 ,:5 ,i %ut x aga9/ him1 may ,god %ut ! door ( 8 m]cy aga9/ me6 ,"u ?is clause ( ! ,con/itution1 & design$ to c>ry x into effect1 slav]y has dem&$ t laws %\ld be pass$1 & ( su* a "*1 z h left ! free citiz5 ( ! ,nor? )\t protection = 8 own lib]ty4 ,! "q1 :e!r a man seiz$ 9 a free ,/ate z a slave1 is a slave or n1 ! law ( ,congress does n all[ a jury to det]m9e3 b ref]s x to ! decision ( a ,judge ( a ,unit$ ,/ates' ,c\rt1 or ev5 ( ! humble/ ,/ate magi/rate1 x may be1 ^u ! te/imony or affidavit ( ! p>ty mo/ deeply int]e/$ to support ! claim4 ,by virtue ( ?is law1 freem5 h be5 seiz$ & dragg$ into p]petual slav]y--& %\ld ,i be seiz$ by a slave-hunt] 9 any "p ( ! c\ntry :]e ,i am n p]sonally kn[n1 nei!r ! ,con/itution nor laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld %ield me f ! same de/9y4 ,^!1 sir1 are ! specific p>ts ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* 9 my op9ion are ess5tially vici\s1 ho/ile at once to ! lib]ty & to ! morals ( ! nation4 ,& ^! are ! pr9cipal reasons ( my refusal any long] to ackn[l$ge my allegiance to x1 & ( my det]m9ation to revoke my oa? to support x4 ,i _c1 9 ord] to keep ! law ( man1 break ! law ( ,god1 or solemnly call him to witness my promise t ,i w break x4 ,x is true t ! ,con/itution provides = its own am5dm5t1 & t by ?is process1 all ! gu>antees ( ,slav]y may be expung$4 ,b x w be "t en\gh to swe> to support x :5 ?is is done4 ,x _c be "r to d s1 until ^! am5dm5ts are made4 ,x is also true t ! fram]s ( ! ,con/itution did /udi\sly keep ! words ,slave & ,slav]y f its face4 ,b to d our con/itutional fa!rs ju/ice1 :ile !y =ebore--f v %ame--to give ! ^w ,slav]y a place 9 ! ,con/itution1 !y did n =be>--aga9 to d !m ju/ice--to give place 9 x to ! ?+4 ,!y 7 c>eful to wrap up ! idea1 & ! sub/ance ( ,slav]y1 9 ! clause = ! surr5d] ( ! fugitive1 ?\gh !y sacrific$ ju/ice 9 do+ s4 ,!re is abundant evid5ce t ?is clause t\*+ p]sons held to s]vice or labor1 n only op]ates practically1 "u ! judicial con/ruction1 = ! protection ( ! slave int]e/2 b t x 0 int5d$ s to op]ate by ! fram]s ( ! ,con/itution4 ,! highe/ judicial au?orities--,*ief ,ju/ice ,%aw1 ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ,massa*usetts1 9 ! ,latim] case1 & ,mr4 ,ju/ice ,/ory1 9 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 ! case ( ,prigg vs4 ,! ,/ate ( ,p5nsylvania1--tell u1 ,i "k n on :at evid5ce1 t )\t ?is compromise1 ?is security = ,s\!rn slavehold]s1 ! ,union c\ld n h be5 =m$4 ,& !re is /ill high] evid5ce1 n only t ! fram]s ( ! ,con/itution meant by ?is clause to protect slav]y1 b t !y did ?is1 kn[+ t slav]y 0 wrong4 ,mr4 ,madison#ie in=ms u t ! clause 9 "q1 z x came out ( ! h&s ( ,dr4 ,johnson1 ! *airman ( ! committee on /yle1 read ?us3 ,no p]son legally held to s]vice1 or labor1 9 "o ,/ate1 escap+ into ano!r1 %all1 c41 & t ! ^w legally 0 /ruck out1 & ! words "u ! laws !re( ins]t$ aft] ! ^w ,/ate1 9 compliance ) ! wi% ( "s1 :o ?\ght ! t]m legal equivocal1 & favor+ ! idea t slav]y 0 legal 9 a moral view4 ,a conclusive pro( t1 al?\gh future g5]ations might apply t clause to o!r k9ds ( s]vice or labor1 :5 slav]y %\ld h di$ out1 or be5 kill$ (f by ! "y _s ( lib]ty1 :i* 0 !n awake & at "w 9 ! l&2 /ill1 slav]y 0 :at !y 7 wrapp+ up 9 equivocal words2 & wrapp+ x up = its protection & safe keep+3 a conclusive pro( t ! fram]s ( ! ,con/itution 7 m c>eful to protect !mselves 9 ! judgm5t ( com+ g5]ations1 f ! *>ge ( ignorance1 ?an ( s92 a conclusive pro( t !y knew t slav]y 0 n legal 9 a moral view1 t x 0 a violation ( ! moral law ( ,god2 & yet kn[+ & confess+ its immorality1 !y d>$ to make ?is /ipulation = its support & def5ce4 ,footnote #ie3 ,madison ,pap]s1 p4 #aehi ,?is language may s\nd h>% to ! e>s ( ^? :o ?9k x a "p ( _! duty1 z citiz5s1 to ma9ta9 t :atev] ! patriots ( ! ,revolution did1 0 "r2 & :o hold t we are b\nd to d all ! iniquity t !y cov5ant$ = u t we %\ld d4 ,b ! claims ( tru? & "r are p>am\nt to all o!r claims4 ,) all our v5]ation = our con/itutional fa!rs1 we mu/ admit1--= !y h left on record _! own confession ( x1--t 9 ?is "p ( _! "w !y int5d$ to hold ! %ield ( _! protection ov] a wrong1 kn[+ t x 0 a wrong4 ,!y made a compromise :i* !y _h no "r to make--a compromise ( moral pr9ciple = ! sake ( :at !y probably reg>d$ z political exp$i5cy4 ,i am sure !y did n "k--no man c\ld "k1 or c n[ measure1 ! ext5t1 or ! consequ5ces ( ! wrong1 t !y 7 do+4 ,9 ! /rong language ( ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1#if 9 relation to ! article fix+ ! basis ( repres5tation1 ,little did ! memb]s ( ! ,conv5tion1 f ! free ,/ates1 imag9e or =esee :at a sacrifice to ,molo* 0 hidd5 "u ! mask ( ?is concession4 ,footnote #if3 ,see 8 ,report on ! ,massa*usetts ,resolutions4 ,i v]ily believe t1 giv+ all due consid]ation to ! b5efits conf]r$ ^u ?is nation by ! ,con/itution1 its national unity1 its swell+ masses ( weal?1 its p[]1 & ! ext]nal prosp]ity ( its multiply+ millions2 yet ! moral injury t has be5 done1 by ! c\nt5ance %[n to slav]y by hold+ ov] t trem5d\s s9 ! %ield ( ! ,con/itution1 & ?us break+ d[n 9 ! eyes ( ! nation ! b>ri] betwe5 "r & wrong2 by s t5d]ly *]i%+ slav]y z1 9 less ?an ! life ( man1 to multiply h] *ildr5 f half a million to ne>ly ?ree millions2 by exact+ oa?s f ^? :o occupy prom95t /ations 9 society1 t !y w violate at once ! rights ( man & ! law ( ,god2 by sub/itut+ itself z a rule ( "r1 9 place ( ! moral laws ( ! univ]se2--?us 9 effect1 de?ron+ ! ,almighty 9 ! he>ts ( ?is p & sett+ up ano!r sov]eign 9 8 /ead--m ?an outweighs x all4 ,a melan*oly & monitory lesson ?is1 to all times]v+ & temporis+ /atesm56 ,a /rik+ illu/ration ( ! impolicy ( sacrific+ "r to any consid]ations ( exp$i5cy6 ,yet1 :at bett] ?an ! evil effects t we h se51 c\ld ! au?ors ( ! ,con/itution h reasonably expect$1 f ! sacrifice ( "r1 9 ! concessions !y made to slav]y8 ,0 x reasonable 9 !m to expect t aft] !y _h introduc$ a vici\s elem5t into ! v ,con/itution ( ! body politic :i* !y 7 call+ into life1 x w\ld n ex]t its vici\s en]gies8 ,0 x reasonable 9 !m to expect t1 aft] slav]y _h be5 corrupt+ ! public morals = a :ole g5]ation1 _! *ildr5 w\ld h too mu* virtue to use = ! def5ce ( slav]y1 a p[] :i* !y !mselves _h n too mu* virtue to give8 ,x is dang]\s = ! sov]eign p[] ( a ,/ate to lic5se immorality2 to hold ! %ield ( its protection ov] any ?+ t is n legal 9 a moral view4 ,br+ into y\r h\se a b5umb$ vip]1 & lay x d[n ^u y\r w>m he>?1 & soon x w n ask y into :i* room x may crawl4 ,let ,slav]y once lean ^u ! support+ arm1 & bask 9 ! fo/]+ smile ( ! ,/ate1 & y w soon see1 z we n[ see1 bo? h] m9ions & h] victims multiply apace till ! politics1 ! morals1 ! lib]ties1 ev5 ! religion ( ! nation1 are br\ght completely "u h] control4 ,to me1 x appe>s t ! virus ( slav]y1 introduc$ into ! ,con/itution ( our body politic1 by a few slight punctures1 has n[ s p]vad$ & poison$ ! :ole sy/em ( our ,national ,gov]nm5t1 t lit]ally !re is no heal? 9 x4 ,! only rem$y t ,i c see = ! disease1 is to be f\nd 9 ! dissolution ( ! pati5t4 ,! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 bo? 9 !ory & practice1 is s utt]ly brok5 d[n by ! influ5ce & effects ( slav]y1 s imbecile = ! highe/ good ( ! nation1 & s p[]ful = evil1 t ,i c give no volunt>y assi/ance 9 hold+ x up any long]4 ,h5ce=? x is dead to me1 & ,i to x4 ,i )draw all pr(ession ( allegiance to x1 & all my volunt>y ef=ts to su/a9 x4 ,! burd5s t x lays ^u me1 :ile x is held up by o!rs1 ,i %all endeavor to be> pati5tly1 yet act+ ) ref]5ce to a high] law1 & di/9ctly decl>+1 t :ile ,i reta9 my own lib]ty1 ,i w be a p>ty to no compact1 :i* helps to rob any o!r man ( 84 ,v respectfully1 y\r fri5d1 ,,francis ,,jackson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,f ,,mr4 ,,web/]',s ,,spee* ,,at ,,niblo',s ,,g>d5s4 ,we h slav]y1 already1 among/ u4 ,! ,con/itution f\nd x among u2 x recogniz$ x & gave x ,,solemn ,,gu>anties4 ,to ! full ext5t ( ^! gu>anties we are all b\nd1 9 honor1 9 ju/ice1 & by ! ,con/itution4 ,all ! /ipulations1 conta9$ 9 ! ,con/itution1 9 favor ( ! slavehold+ ,/ates :i* are already 9 ! ,union1 ought to be fulfill$1 & s f> z dep5ds on me1 %all be fulfill$1 9 ! fullness ( _! _s1 & to ! exactness ( _! lett]4666 99 99 99 99 99 ,,extracts ,,f ,,john ,q4 ,,adams',s ,,address ,,at ,,nor? ,,bridgewat]1 ,,nov4 #f1 #ahdd4 ,! b5efits ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 7 ! re/oration ( cr$it & reputation1 to ! c\ntry--! revival ( comm]ce1 navigation1 & %ip-build+--! acquisition ( ! means ( dis*>g+ ! debts ( ! ,revolution1 & ! protection & enc\ragem5t ( ! infant & droop+ manufactures ( ! c\ntry4 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1 z is n[ well asc]ta9$1 0 insuffici5t to propitiate ! rul]s ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates to ! adoption ( ! ,con/itution4 ,:at !y specially want$ 0 protection4--,protection f ! p[]ful & savage tribes ( ,indians )9 _! bord]s1 & :o 7 h>ass+ !m ) ! mo/ t]rible ( w>s--& protection f _! own negroes--protection f _! insurrections--protection f _! escape--protection ev5 to ! trade by :i* !y 7 br\ght into ! c\ntry--protection1 %all ,i n blu% to say1 protection to ! v bondage by :i* !y 7 held4 ,yes6 x _c be d5i$--! slavehold+ lords ( ! ,s\? prescrib$1 z a condition ( _! ass5t to ! ,con/itution1 ?ree special provisions to secure ! p]petuity ( _! dom9ion ov] _! slaves4 ,! fir/ 0 ! immunity = tw5ty ye>s ( pres]v+ ! ,african slave-trade2 ! second 0 ! /ipulation to surr5d] fugitive slaves--an engagem5t positively prohibit$ by ! laws ( ,god1 deliv]$ f ,s9ai2 & ?irdly1 ! exaction fatal to ! pr9ciples ( popul> repres5tation1 ( a repres5tation = slaves--= articles ( m]*&ise1 "u ! "n ( p]sons4 ,! reluctance ) :i* ! freem5 ( ! ,nor? submitt$ to ! dictation ( ^! conditions1 is atte/$ by ! awkw>d & ambigu\s language 9 :i* !y are express$4 ,! ^w slave is mo/ cauti\sly & fa/idi\sly exclud$ f ! :ole in/rum5t4 ,a /rang]1 :o %\ld come f a =eign l&1 & read ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 w\ld n believe t slav]y or a slave exi/$ )9 ! bord]s ( our c\ntry4 ,!re is n a ^w 9 ! ,con/itution app>5tly be>+ ^u ! condition ( slav]y1 nor is !re a provision b w\ld be susceptible ( practical execution1 if !re 7 n a slave 9 ! l&4 ,! delegates f ,s\? ,c>ol9a & ,georgia di/9ctly av[$ t1 )\t ?is gu>antee ( protection to _! prop]ty 9 slaves1 !y w\ld n yield _! ass5t to ! ,con/itution2 & ! freem5 ( ! ,nor?1 r$uc$ to ! alt]native ( dep>t+ f ! vital pr9ciple ( _! lib]ty1 or ( =feit+ ! ,union itself1 av]t$ _! faces1 & ) trembl+ h& subscrib$ ! bond4 ,tw5ty ye>s pass$ away--! slave m>kets ( ! ,s\? 7 saturat$ ) ! blood ( ,african bondage1 & f midnight ( ! #ca/ ( ,decemb]1 #ahjg1 n a slave f ,africa 0 suff]$ ev] m to be introduc$ ^u our soil4 ,b ! int]nal traffic 0 /ill lawful1 & ! bre$+ ,/ates soon reconcil$ !mselves to a prohibition :i* gave !m ! monopoly ( ! int]dict$ trade1 & !y jo9$ ! full *orus ( reprobation1 to puni% ) dea? ! slave-trad] f ,africa1 :ile !y *]i%$ & %ield$ & enjoy$ ! preci\s pr(its ( ! ,am]ican slave-trade exclusively to !mselves4 ,p]haps ?is unhappy result ( _! concession _h n altoge!r escap$ ! =esight ( ! freem5 ( ! ,nor?2 b _! int5se anxiety = ! pres]vation ( ! :ole ,union1 & ! habit already =m$ ( yield+ to ! some:at p]emptory & ov]be>+ tone :i* ! relation ( ma/] & slave welds into ! nature ( ! "l1 prevail$ ) !m to ov]look ?is consid]ation1 ! int]nal slave-trade hav+ sc>cely exi/$ :ile t ) ,africa _h be5 all[$4 ,b ( "o consequ5ce :i* has foll[$ f ! slave repres5tation1 p]vad+ ! :ole organic /ructure ( ! ,con/itution1 !y c]ta9ly 7 n presci5t2 = if !y _h be51 nev]--no1 nev] w\ld !y h cons5t$ to x4 ,! repres5tation1 o/5sibly ( slaves1 "u ! "n ( p]sons1 0 9 its op]ation an exclusive grant ( p[] to "o class ( proprietors1 own]s ( "o species ( prop]ty1 to ! detrim5t ( all ! re/ ( ! community4 ,?is species ( prop]ty 0 odi\s 9 its nature1 held 9 direct violation ( ! natural & inali5able rights ( man1 & ( ! vital pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity2 x 0 all accumulat$ 9 "o geographical section ( ! c\ntry1 & 0 all held by weal?y m51 comp>atively small 9 numb]s1 n am\nt+ to a t5? "p ( ! free :ite population ( ! ,/ates 9 :i* x 0 conc5trat$4 ,9 "s ( ! anci5t1 & 9 "s mod]n republics1 extraord9>y political p[] & privileges h be5 inve/$ 9 ! own]s ( horses2 b !n ^! privileges & ^! p[]s h be5 grant$ = ! equival5t ( extraord9>y duties & s]vices to ! community1 requir$ ( ! fav\r$ class4 ,! ,roman knights con/itut$ ! cavalry ( _! armies1 & ! bu%els ( r+s ga!r$ by ,hannibal f _! dead bodies1 aft] ! battle ( ,cannae1 amply prove t ! special p[]s conf]r$ ^u !m 7 no gratuit\s grants4 ,b 9 ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! political p[] inve/$ 9 ! own]s ( slaves is entirely gratuit\s4 ,no extraord9>y s]vice is requir$ ( !m2 !y are1 on ! contr>y1 !mselves griev\s burd5s ^u ! community1 always ?reat5$ ) ! dang] ( insurrections1 to be smo!r$ 9 ! blood ( bo? p>ties1 ma/] & slave1 & always depress+ ! condition ( ! poor free labor]1 by competition ) ! labor ( ! slave4 ,! prop]ty 9 horses 0 ! gift ( ,god to man1 at ! creation ( ! _w2 ! prop]ty 9 slaves is prop]ty acquir$ & held by crimes1 diff]+ 9 no moral aspect f ! pillage ( a freeboot]1 & to :i* no lapse ( "t c give a prescriptive "r4 ,y are told t ?is is no conc]n ( y\rs1 & t ! "q ( fre$om & slav]y is exclusively res]v$ to ! consid]ation ( ! sep>ate ,/ates4 ,b if x be s1 z to ! m]e "q ( "r betwe5 ma/] & slave1 x is ( trem5d\s conc]n to y t ?is little clu/] ( slave-own]s %\ld possess1 besides _! own %>e 9 ! repres5tative hall ( ! nation1 ! exclusive privilege ( appo9t+ two-fif?s ( ! :ole numb] ( ! repres5tatives ( ! p4 ,?is is n[ y\r condition1 "u t delusive ambiguity ( language & ( pr9ciple1 :i* beg9s by decl>+ ! repres5tation 9 ! popul> bran* ( ! legislature a repres5tation ( p]sons1 & !n provides t "o class ( p]sons %all h nei!r "p n lot 9 ! *oice ( _! repres5tatives2 b _! elective fran*ise %all be transf]r$ to _! ma/]s1 & ! oppressors %all repres5t ! oppress$4 ,! same p]v]sion ( ! repres5tative pr9ciple pollutes ! composition ( ! colleges ( electors ( ,presid5t & ,vice ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & e dep>tm5t ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,union is ?us ta9t$ at its s\rce by ! gangr5e ( slav]y4 ,fell[-citiz5s1--) a body ( m5 ?us compos$1 = legislators & executors ( ! laws1 :at w1 :at mu/ be1 :at has be5 y\r legislation8 ,! numb]s ( freem5 con/itut+ y\r nation are mu* great] ?an ^? ( ! slavehold+ ,/ates1 bond & free4 ,y h at lea/ ?ree-fif?s ( ! :ole population ( ! ,union4 ,y\r influ5ce on ! legislation & ! adm9i/ration ( ! gov]nm5t ought to be 9 ! proportion ( ?ree to two4--,b h[ /&s ! fact8 ,besides ! legitimate portion ( influ5ce ex]cis$ by ! slavehold+ ,/ates by ! measure ( _! numb]s1 "h is an intrusive influ5ce 9 e dep>tm5t1 by a repres5tation nom9ally ( p]sons1 b really ( prop]ty1 o/5sibly ( slaves1 b effectively ( _! ma/]s1 ov]balanc+ y\r sup]iority ( numb]s1 add+ two-fif?s ( supplem5t>y p[] to ! two-fif?s fairly secur$ to !m by ! compact1 ,,controll+ ,,& ,,ov]rul+ ,,! ,,:ole ,,action ,,( ,,y\r ,,gov]nm5t ,,at ,,home ,,& ,,abroad1 & w>p+ x to ! sordid private int]e/ & oppressive policy ( #cjj1jjj own]s ( slaves4 ,f ! "t ( ! adoption ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! in/itution ( dome/ic slav]y has be5 becom+ m & m ! abhorr5ce ( ! civiliz$ _w4 ,b 9 proportion z x has be5 gr[+ odi\s to all ! re/ ( mank9d1 x has be5 s9k+ deep] & deep] into ! affections ( ! hold]s ( slaves !mselves4 ,! cultivation ( cotton & ( sug>1 unkn[n 9 ! ,union at ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,con/itution1 has add$ l>gely to ! pecuni>y value ( ! slave4 ,& ! suppression ( ! ,african slave-trade z piracy ^u pa9 ( dea?1 by secur+ ! b5efit ( a monopoly to ! virtu\s slavehold]s ( ! anci5t dom9ion1 has turn$ h] h]oic tyrannicides into a community ( slave-bre$]s = sale1 & conv]t$ ! l& ( ,george ,wa%+ton1 ,patrick ,h5ry1 ,ri*>d ,h5ry ,lee1 & ,?omas ,jeff]son1 into a great b>racoon--a cattle-%[ ( human be+s1 an emporium1 ( :i* ! /aple articles ( m]*&ise are ! fle% & blood1 ! bones & s9ews ( immortal man4 ,( ! increas+ abom9ation ( slav]y 9 ! unb\ght he>ts ( m5 at ! "t :5 ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 =m$1 :at cle>] pro( c\ld be desir$1 ?an t ! v same ye> 9 :i* t *>t] ( ! l& 0 issu$1 ! ,congress ( ! ,conf$]ation1 ) n a ti! ( ! p[]s giv5 by ! p to ! ,congress ( ! new compact1 actually aboli%$ slav]y = ev] ?r\gh\t ! :ole ,nor?we/]n t]ritory1 )\t a remon/rance or a murmur4 ,b 9 ! articles ( conf$]ation1 !re 0 no gu>anty = ! prop]ty ( ! slavehold]--no d\ble repres5tation ( him 9 ! ,f$]al c\ncils--no p[] ( taxation--no /ipulation = ! recov]y ( fugitive slaves4 ,b :5 ! p[]s ( gov]nm5t came to be delegat$ to ! ,union1 ! ,s\?--t is1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a & ,georgia--refus$ _! subscription to ! p>*m5t1 till x %\ld be saturat$ ) ! infection ( slav]y1 :i* no fumigation c\ld purify1 no qu>ant9e c\ld ext+ui%4 ,! freem5 ( ! ,nor? gave way1 & ! deadly v5om ( slav]y 0 infus$ into ! ,con/itution ( fre$om4 ,its fir/ consequ5ce has be5 to inv]t ! fir/ pr9ciple ( ,democracy1 t ! w ( ! majority ( numb]s %all rule ! l&4 ,by means ( ! d\ble repres5tation1 ! m9ority comm& ! :ole1 & a ,,knot ,,( ,,slavehold]s ,,give ,,! ,,law ,,& ,,prescribe ,,! ,,policy ,,( ,,! ,,c\ntry4 ,to acquire ?is sup]iority ( a l>ge majority ( freem51 a p]sev]+ sy/em ( engross+ ne>ly all ! seats ( p[] & place1 is con/antly = a long s]ies ( ye>s pursu$1 & y h se51 9 a p]iod ( fifty-six ye>s1 ! ,*ief-magi/racy ( ! ,union held1 dur+ =ty-f\r ( !m1 by ! own]s ( slaves4 ,! ,executive dep>tm5ts1 ! ,army & ,navy1 ! ,supreme ,judicial ,c\rt & diplomatic missions abroad1 all pres5t ! same spectacle3--an imm5se majority ( p[] 9 ! h&s ( a v small m9ority ( ! p--millions made = a fraction ( a few ?\s&s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,f t day 7#ahcj71 ,,slav]y1 ,,slavehold+1 ,,slave-,,bre$+ ,,& ,,slave-,,trad+1 ,,h ,,=m$ ,,! ,,:ole ,,f\ndation ,,( ,,! ,,policy ,,( ,,! ,,f$]al ,,gov]nm5t1 & ( ! slavehold+ ,/ates1 at home & abroad2 & at ! v "t :5 a new c5sus has exhibit$ a l>ge increase ^u ! sup]ior numb]s ( ! free ,/ates1 x has pres5t$ ! port5t\s evid5ce ( increas$ influ5ce & asc5dancy ( ! slavehold+ p[]4 ,( ! preval5ce ( t p[]1 y h _h cont9ual & conclusive evid5ce 9 ! suppression = ! space ( t5 ye>s ( ! "r ( petition1 gu>anti$1 if !re c\ld be a gu>antee aga9/ slav]y1 by ! fir/ article am5datory ( ! ,con/itution4 ,no4 #ac4 ,,! ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,exam9]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,on ,,! ,,condition ,,( ,,! ,,free ,,p ,,( ,,color ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,new ,,york3 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,! ,,am]ican ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,society1 ,,no4 #adc ,,nassau ,,/reet4 #ahci4 99 99 99 99 99 ,?is ,no4 conta9s #a-a_/b %eet4--,po/age1 "u #ajj miles1 #b-a_/b cts4 ov] #ajj1 #c cts4 ,please ,read & circulate4 ,,on ,,! ,,condition ,,( ,,! ,,free ,,p ,,( ,,color4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x appe>s f ! c5sus ( #ahcj1 t !re 7 !n #cai1dfg free color$ p]sons 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,at ! pres5t "t ! numb] _c be less ?an #cfj1jjj4 ,fifte5 ,/ates ( ! ,f$]al ,union h ea* a small] population ?an ?is aggregate4 ,h5ce if ! :ole mass ( human be+s inhabit+ ,connecticut1 or ,new ,j]sey1 or any o!r ( ^! fifte5 ,/ates1 7 subject$ to ! ignorance1 & degradation1 & p]secution & t]ror we are ab\t to describe1 z ! lot ( ?is mu* injur$ p1 ! am\nt ( suff]+ w\ld /ill be num]ically less ?an t inflict$ by a pr(ess$ly ,*ri/ian & republican community ^u ! free negroes4 ,c&or1 h[ev]1 compels u to admit t1 deplorable z is _! condition1 x is /ill n s wret*$ z ,colonizationi/s & slavehold]s1 = obvi\s reasons1 are fond ( repres5t+ x4 ,x is n true t free negroes are m vici\s & mis]able ?an slaves c be1#ig nor t x w\ld be z humane to ?r[ slaves f ! decks ( ! middle passage1 z to set !m free 9 ?is c\ntry1#ih nor t a sudd5 & univ]sal emancipation )\t colonization1 w\ld be a great] ,,curse to ! slaves !mselves1 ?an ! bondage 9 :i* !y are held4 ,footnote #ig3 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,bacon1 ( ,new ,hav51 #g ,rep4 ,am4 ,col4 ,soc4 p4 #ii4 ,footnote #ih3 ,african ,repository1 ,vol4 ,,iv4 p4 #bbf4 ,x is a little s+ul>1 t 9 utt] despite ( ^! ra% ass]tions slavehold]s & colonizationi/s unite 9 assur+ u1 t ! slaves are r5d]$ discont5t$ by witness+ ! fre$om ( _! color$ bre?r52 & h5ce we are urg$ to assi/ 9 bani%+ to ,africa ^! sable & dang]\s mem5toes ( lib]ty4 ,we all "k t ! wife & *ildr5 ( ! free negro are n ord9>ily sold 9 ! m>ket--t he himself does n toil "u ! la%1 & t 9 c]ta9 p>ts ( our c\ntry he is p]mitt$ to acquire "s intellig5ce1 & to enjoy "s com=ts1 utt]ly & univ]sally d5i$ to ! slave4 ,/ill x is mo/ unque/ionable1 t ^! p griev\sly suff] f a cruel & wick$ prejudice--cruel 9 its consequ5ces2 wick$ 9 its volunt>y adoption1 & its malignant "*4 ,colonizationi/s h tak5 great pa9s to inculcate ! op9ion t prejudice aga9/ color is implant$ 9 our nature by ! ,au?or ( our be+2 & :5ce !y inf] ! futility ( e ef=t to elevate ! color$ man 9 ?is c\ntry1 & consequ5tly ! duty & b5evol5ce ( s5d+ him to ,africa1 beyond ! rea* ( our cruelty4#ii ,! !ory is z false 9 fact z x is d]ogatory to ! "* ( t ,god :om we are told is ,,love4 ,) :at a/oni%m5t & disgu/ %\ld we behold an e>?ly p>5t excit+ feuds & animosities among 8 own *ildr52 yet we are assur$1 & t too by pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians1 t our heav5ly ,fa!r has implant$ a pr9ciple ( hatr$1 repulsion & ali5ation betwe5 c]ta9 portions ( 8 family on e>?1 & !n comm&$ !m1 z if 9 mock]y1 to love "o ano!r4 ,footnote #ii3 ,prejudices1 :i* nei!r ref9em5t1 nor argum5t1 nor education1 ,,nor ,,religion ,,itself c subdue1 m>k ! p ( color1 :e!r bond or free1 z ! subjects ( a degradation inevitable & incurable4--,address ( ! ,connecticut ,col4 ,society4 ,! manag]s consid] x cle> t causes exi/1 & are n[ op]at+1 to prev5t _! improvem5t & elevation to any consid]able ext5t z a class 9 ?is c\ntry1 :i* are fix$1 n only beyond ! control ( ! fri5ds ( humanity1 b ( any human p[]3 ,,*ri/ianity _c d = !m "h1 :at x w d = !m 9 ,africa4 ,?is is n ! fault ( ! color$ man1 nor ( ! :ite man1 b an ,,ord9ation ,,( ,,provid5ce1 & no m to be *ang$ ?an ! laws ( nature4--#ae ,rep4 ,am4 ,col4 ,soc4 p4 #dg4 ,! p ( color mu/1 9 ?is c\ntry1 rema9 = ages1 probably = ev]1 a sep>ate & di/9ct ca/e1 weigh$ d[n by causes p[]ful1 univ]sal1 inv9cible1 :i* nei!r legislation nor ,,*ri/ianity c remove4--,african ,repository ,vol4 ,,viii4 p4 #aif4 ,d !y 7! abolitioni/s7 n p]ceive t 9 ?us conf\nd+ all ! di/9ctions :i* ,,god himself has made1 !y arraign ! wisdom & goodness ( ,provid5ce itself8 ,x has be5 ,8 div9e pleasure1 to make ! black man black1 & ! :ite man :ite1 & to di/+ui% !m by o!r repulsive con/itutional diff]5ces4--,spee* 9 ,s5ate ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,febru>y #g1 #ahci1 by ,,h5ry ,,clay1 ,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,,am4 ,,col4 ,,soc4 ,9 va9 d we seek 9 nature1 = ! orig9 ( ?is prejudice4 ,"y *ildr5 nev] betray x1 & on ! cont95t ( ,europe x is unkn[n4 ,we are n speak+ ( matt]s ( ta/e1 or ( op9ions ( p]sonal beauty1 b ( a prejudice aga9/ complexion1 lead+ to insult1 degradation & oppression4 ,9 no c\ntry 9 ,europe is any man exclud$ f ref9$ society1 or depriv$ ( lit]>y1 religi\s1 or political privileges on acc\nt ( ! t9cture ( 8 sk94 ,if ?is prejudice is ! fiat ( ! ,almighty1 mo/ wond]ful is x1 t ( all ! k9dr$s ( ! e>?1 none h be5 f\nd submissive to ! heav5ly impulse1 except+ ! :ite inhabitants ( ,nor? ,am]ica2 & ( ^!1 x is no less /range ?an true1 t ?is div9e pr9ciple ( repulsion is mo/ en]getic 9 su* p]sons z1 9 o!r respects1 are ! lea/ obs]vant ( _! ,mak]'s w4 ,?is prejudice is sometimes errone\sly reg>d$ z ! cause ( slav]y2 & "s zeal\s advocates ( emancipation h flatt]$ !mselves t1 c\ld ! prejudice be de/roy$1 negro slav]y w\ld fall ) x4 ,su* p]sons h v inadequate ideas ( ! malignity ( slav]y4 ,!y =get t ! slaves 9 ,greece & ,rome 7 ( ! same hue z _! ma/]s2 & t at ! ,s\?1 ! value ( a slave1 especially ( a female1 rises1 z ! complexion rec$es f ! ,african /&>d4 ,7 we to inquire into ! geography ( ?is prejudice1 we %\ld f9d t ! localities 9 :i* x atta9s its ranke/ luxuriance1 are n ! rice swamps ( ,georgia1 nor ! sug> fields ( ,l\isiana1 b ! hills & valleys ( ,new ,engl&1 & ! prairies ( ,ohio6 ,x is a fact ( ackn[l$g$ notoriety1 t h[ev] sev]e may be ! laws aga9/ color$ p at ! ,s\?1 ! prejudice aga9/ _! p]sons is f> weak] ?an among ourselves4 ,x is n necess>y = our pres5t purpose1 to ent] into a p>ticul> inve/igation ( ! condition ( ! free negroes 9 ! slave ,/ates4 ,we all "k t !y suff] e =m ( oppression :i* ! laws c inflict ^u p]sons n actually slaves4 ,t unju/ & cruel enactm5ts %\ld proce$ f a p :o keep two millions ( _! fell[ m5 9 abject bondage1 & :o believe su* enactm5ts ess5tial to ! ma9t5ance ( _! despotism1 c]ta9ly af=ds no cause = surprise4 ,we turn to ! free ,/ates1 :]e slav]y has n directly /eel$ our he>ts aga9/ human suff]+1 & :]e no suppos$ dang] ( insurrection af=ds a pretext = keep+ ! free blacks 9 ignorance & degradation2 & we ask1 :at is ! "* ( ! prejudice aga9/ color "h8 ,let ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,bacon1 ( ,connecticut1 answ] ! "q4 ,?is g5tleman1 9 a v9dication ( ! ,colonization ,society1 assures u1 ,! ,soodra is n f>!r sep>at$ f ! ,brahim 9 reg>d to all 8 privileges1 civil1 intellectual1 & moral1 ?an ! negro f ! :ite man by ! prejudices :i* result f ! diff]5ce made betwe5 !m by ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,nature4--7,rep4 ,am4 ,col4 ,soc4 p4 #hg47 ,we may "h notice ! v opposite effect produc$ on ,abolitioni/s & ,colonizationi/s1 by ! consid]ation t ?is diff]5ce is made by ! ,,god ,,( ,,nature2 lead+ ! "o to disc>d ! prejudice1 & ! o!r to bani% its victims4 ,) ^! prelim9>y rem>ks we w n[ proce$ to take a view ( ! condition ( ! free p ( color 9 ! non-slavehold+ ,/ates2 & w consid] 9 ord]1 ! v>i\s disabilities & oppressions to :i* !y are subject$1 ei!r by law or ! cu/oms ( society4 #a4 ,,g5]al ,,exclusion ,,f ,,! ,,elective ,,fran*ise4 ,7 ?is exclusion f\nd$ on ! want ( prop]ty1 or any o!r qualification deem$ ess5tial to ! judici\s ex]cise ( ! fran*ise1 x w\ld af=d no j cause ( compla9t2 b x is f\nd$ solely on ! color ( ! sk91 & is !re=e irrational & unju/4 ,t taxation & repres5tation %\ld be insep>able1 0 "o ( ! axioms ( ! fa!rs ( our revolution2 & "o ( ! reasons !y assign$ = _! revolt f ! cr[n ( ,brita94 ,b n[1 x is deem$ a m>k ( fanaticism to compla9 ( ! disfran*isem5t ( a :ole race1 :ile !y rema9 subject to ! burd5 ( taxation4 ,x is wor?y ( rem>k1 t ( ! ?irte5 orig9al ,/ates1 only two 7 s recreant to ! pr9ciples ( ! ,revolution1 z to make a :ite sk9 a qualification = suffrage4 ,b ! prejudice has gr[n ) our gr[?1 & /r5g!n$ ) our /r5g?2 & x is believ$ t 9 e ,/ate con/itution subsequ5tly =m$ or revis$1except+ ,v]mont & ,ma9e1 & ! ,revis$ con/itution ( ,massa*usetts1 ! crime ( a d>k complexion has be5 puni%$1 by deb>r+ its possessor f all approa* to ! ballot-box4#ajj ,! necess>y effect ( ?is proscription 9 aggravat+ ! oppression & degradation ( ! color$ inhabitants mu/ be obvi\s to all :o call to m9d ! solicitude manife/$ by demagogues1 & (fice-seek]s1 & law mak]s1 to propitiate ! good w ( all :o h votes to be/[4 ,footnote #ajj3 ,f ?is rem>k ! revis$ con/itution ( ,new ,york is nom9ally an exception2 color$ citiz5s1 possess+ a freehold wor? two hundr$ & fifty doll>s1 be+ all[$ to vote2 :ile suffrage is ext5d$ to :ite citiz5s )\t any prop]ty qualification4 #b4 ,,d5ial ,,( ,,! ,,"r ,,( ,,locomotion4 ,x is 9 va9 t ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates expressly gu>antees to ! citiz5s ( ea* ,/ate1 all ! privileges & immunities ( citiz5s 9 ! sev]al ,/ates3--,x is 9 va9 t ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has solemnly decid$ t ?is clause conf]s on e citiz5 ( "o ,/ate ! "r to pass ?r\gh1 or reside 9 any o!r ,/ate = ! purposes ( trade1 agriculture1 pr(essional pursuits1 or o!rwise4 ,x is 9 va9 t ! memb]s ( ! sev]al ,/ate legislatures are requir$ to be b\nd by oa? or affirmation to support ! con/itution conf]r+ ?is v gu>antee4 ,con/itutions1 & judicial decisions1 & religi\s obligations are alike outrag$ by our ,/ate enactm5ts aga9/ p ( color4 ,!re is sc>cely a slave ,/ate 9 :i* a citiz5 ( ,new ,york1 ) a d>k sk91 may visit a dy+ *ild )\t subject+ himself to legal p5alties4 ,b 9 ! slave ,/ates we look = cruelty2 we expect ! rights ( humanity & ! laws ( ! l& to be sacrific$ on ! alt> ( slav]y4 ,9 ! free ,/ates we _h reason to hope = a great] def]5ce to dec5cy & morality4 ,yet ev5 9 ^! ,/ates we behold ! effects ( a miasma waft$ f ! ,s\?4 ,! ,connecticut ,black ,act1 prohibit+1 "u heavy p5alties1 ! in/ruction ( any color$ p]son f ano!r ,/ate1 is well kn[n4 ,x is "o ( ! enc\rag+ signs ( ! times1 t public op9ion has rec5tly compell$ ! repeal ( ?is dete/able law4 ,b among all ! free ,/ates1 ,,ohio /&s pre-em95t = ! wick$ness ( h] /atutes aga9/ ?is class ( our population4 ,^! /atutes are n m]ely infam\s outrages on e pr9ciple ( ju/ice & humanity1 b are gross & palpable violations ( ! ,/ate con/itution1 & manife/ an abs5ce ( moral s5tim5t 9 ! ,ohio legislature z deplorable z x is al>m+4 ,we speak ! language1 n ( passion1 b ( sob] conviction2 & = ! tru? ( ?is language we appeal1 fir/1 to ! ,/atutes !mselves1 & !n to ! consci5ces ( our read]s4 ,we %all h occasion to notice ^! laws "u ! sev]al divisions ( our subject to :i* !y belong2 at pres5t we ask att5tion to ! "o int5d$ to prev5t ! color$ citiz5s ( o!r ,/ates f remov+ into ,ohio4 ,by ! con/itution ( ,new ,york1 ! color$ inhabitants are expressly recogniz$ z citiz5s4 ,let u suppose !n a ,new ,york freehold] & vot] ( ?is class1 confid+ 9 ! gu>antee giv5 by ! ,f$]al con/itution removes into ,ohio4 ,no matt] h[ mu* prop]ty he takes ) him2 no matt] :at atte/ations he produces to ! purity ( 8 "*1 he is requir$ by ! ,act ( #ahjg1 to f9d1 )9 tw5ty days1 two freehold sureties 9 ! sum ( five hundr$ doll>s = 8 good behavior2 & likewise = 8 ma9t5ance1 %\ld he at any future p]iod f any cause :atev] be unable to ma9ta9 himself1 & 9 default ( procur+ su* sureties he is to be remov$ by ! ov]se]s ( ! poor4 ,! legislature well knew t x w\ld g5]ally be utt]ly impossible = a /rang]1 & especially a black /rang]1 to f9d su* sureties4 ,x 0 ! design ( ! ,act1 by impos+ impracticable conditions1 to prev5t color$ emigrants f rema9+ )9 ! ,/ate2 & 9 ord] m c]ta9ly to effect ?is object1 x imposes a pecuni>y p5alty on e inhabitant :o %all v5ture to h>bor1 t is1 receive "u 8 ro(1 or :o %all ev5 employ an emigrant :o has n giv5 ! requir$ sureties2 & x moreov] r5d]s su* inhabitant s h>bor+ or employ+ him1 legally liable = 8 future ma9t5ance66 ,we are frequ5tly told t ! ef=ts ( ! abolitioni/s h 9 fact aggravat$ ! condition ( ! color$ p1 bond & free4 ,! date ( ?is law1 z well z ! date ( mo/ ( ! laws compos+ ! sev]al slave codes1 %[ :at cr$it is to be giv5 to ! ass]tion4 ,if a b>b>\s enactm5t is rec5t1 its odium is ?r[n ^u ! fri5ds ( ! blacks--if anci5t1 we are assur$ x is obsolete4 ,! ,ohio law 0 enact$ only f\r ye>s aft] ! ,/ate 0 admitt$ into ! ,union4 ,9 #ahjj !re 7 only ?ree hundr$ & ?irty-sev5 free blacks 9 ! t]ritory1 & 9 #ahcj ! numb] 9 ! ,/ate 0 n9e ?\s& five hundr$4 ,( c\rse a v l>ge proportion ( ! pres5t color$ population ( ! ,/ate mu/ h ent]$ x 9 ignorance ( ?is iniquit\s law1 or 9 defiance ( x4 ,t ! law has n be5 univ]sally en=c$1 proves only t ! p ( ,ohio are less pr(ligate ?an _! legislators--t x has rema9$ 9 ! /atute book = ?irty-two ye>s1 proves ! deprav$ /ate ( public op9ion & ! horrible p]secution to :i* ! color$ p are legally expos$4 ,b let x n be suppos$ t ?is vile law is 9 fact obsolete1 & its v exi/5ce =gott54 ,9 #ahbi1 a v g5]al ef=t 0 made to en=ce ?is law1 & ab\t "o ?\s& free blacks 7 9 consequ5ce ( x driv5 out ( ! ,/ate2 & s\ght a refuge 9 ! m free & ,*ri/ian c\ntry ( ,canada4 ,previ\s to _! dep>ture1 !y s5t a deputation to ! ,gov]nor ( ! ,upp] ,prov9ce1 to "k if !y w\ld be admitt$1 & receiv$ f ,sir ,james ,colebrook ?is reply1--,tell ! republicans on y\r side ( ! l9e1 t we royali/s d n "k m5 by _! color4 ,%\ld y come to u1 y w be entitl$ to all ! privileges ( ! re/ ( 8 maje/y's subjects4 ,?is 0 ! orig9 ( ! ,wilb]=ce colony 9 ,upp] ,canada4 ,we h n[ be=e u an ,ohio pap]1 conta9+ a proclamation by ,john ,s4 ,wiles1 ov]se] ( ! poor 9 ! t[n ( ,fairfield1 dat$ #ab? ,m>*1 #ahch4 ,9 ?is in/rum5t notice is giv5 to all black or mulatto p]sons resid+ 9 ,fairfield1 to comply ) ! requisitions ( ! ,act ( #ahjg )9 tw5ty days1 or ! law w\ld be en=c$ aga9/ !m4 ,! proclamation also addresses ! :ite inhabitants ( ,fairfield 9 ! foll[+ t]ms1--,:ites1 look out6 ,if any p]son or p]sons employ+ any black or mulatto p]son1 contr>y to ! #c;d section ( ! above law1 y may look out = ! break]s4 ,! extreme vulg>ity & malignity ( ?is notice indicates ! _s :i* gave bir? to ?is dete/able law1 & cont9ues x 9 be+4 ,n[ :at says ! con/itution ( ,ohio8 ,,all are born free & indep5d5t1 & h c]ta9 natural1 inh]5t1 inali5able rights2 among :i* are ! enjoy+ & def5d+ life & lib]ty1 acquir+1 possess+1 & protect+ prop]ty1 & pursu+ & atta9+ happ9ess & safety4 ,yet m5 :o _h call$ _! ,mak] to witness1 t !y w\ld obey ?is v con/itution1 require impracticable conditions1 & !n impose a pecuni>y p5alty & griev\s liabilities on e man :o %all give to an innoc5t fell[ c\ntryman a night's lodg+1 or ev5 a meal ( victuals 9 ex*ange = 8 hone/ labor6 #c4 ,,d5ial ,,( ,,! ,,"r ,,( ,,petition4 ,we explicitly disclaim all int5tion to imply t ! sev]al disabilities & cruelties we are specify+ are ( univ]sal application4 ,! laws ( "s ,/ates 9 relation to p ( color are m wick$ ?an o!rs2 & ! _s ( p]secution is n 9 e place equally active & malignant4 ,9 none ( ! free ,/ates h ^! p s _m grievances to compla9 ( z 9 ,ohio1 & = ! honor ( our c\ntry we rejoice to add1 t 9 no o!r ,/ate 9 ! ,union1 has _! "r to petition = a r$ress ( _! grievances be5 d5i$4 ,on ! #ad? ,janu>y1 #ahci1 a petition = relief f c]ta9 legal disabilities1 f color$ inhabitants ( ,ohio1 0 pres5t$ to ! popul> bran* ( ! legislature1 & its rejection 0 mov$ by ,george ,h4 ,flood4#aja ,?is rejection 0 n a d5ial ( ! pray]1 b an expulsion ( ! petition itself1 z an intrud] into ! h\se4 ,! "q pres5t$ = our decision1 said "o ( ! memb]s1 is simply ?is--,%all human be+s1 :o are b\nd by e enactm5t ^u our /atute book1 be p]mitt$ to reque/ ! legislature to modify or s(t5 ! laws "u :i* !y live8 ,to ! ,gr& ,sultan1 cr[d$ ) petitions z he trav]ses ! /reets ( ,con/ant9ople1 su* a "q w\ld seem mo/ /range2 b ,am]ican democrats c ex]t a tyranny ov] m5 :o h no votes1 utt]ly unkn[n to ,turki% despotism4 ,mr4 ,flood's motion 0 lo/ by a majority ( only f\r votes2 b ?is triumph ( humanity & republicanism 0 z transi5t z x 0 meagre4 ,! next day1 ! ,h\se1 by a l>ge majority1 resolv$3 ,t ! blacks & mulattoes :o may be resid5ts )9 ?is ,/ate1 h no con/itutional "r to pres5t _! petitions to ! ,g5]al ,assembly = any purpose :atsoev]1 & t any reception ( su* petitions on ! "p ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly is a m]e act ( privilege or policy1 & n impos$ by any express$ or impli$ p[] ( ! ,con/itution4 ,footnote #aja3 ,x is sometimes int]e/+ to pres]ve ! names ( individuals :o h p]petrat$ bold & unusual enormities4 ,! phraseology ( ?is resolution is z clumsy z its ass]tions are base & sophi/ical4 ,! mean+ int5d$ to be express$ is simply1 t ! ,con/itution ( ,ohio1 nei!r 9 t]ms nor by implication1 conf]s on su* resid5ts z are negroes or mulattoes1 any "r to (f] a petition to ! legislature = any object :atev]2 nor imposes on t body any obligation to notice su* a petition2 & :atev] att5tion x may please to be/[ ^u x1 ought to be reg>d$ z an act n ( duty1 b m]ely ( favor or exp$i5cy4 ,h5ce x is obvi\s1 t ! pr9ciple on :i* ! resolution is f\nd$ is1 t ! reciprocal "r & duty ( (f]+ & he>+ petitions re/ solely on con/itutional enactm5t1 & n on moral obligation4 ,! reception ( negro petitions is decl>$ to be a m]e act ( privilege or policy4 ,n[ x is difficult to imag9e a pr9ciple m utt]ly subv]sive ( all ! duties ( rul]s1 ! rights ( citiz5s1 & ! *>ities ( private life4 ,! victim ( oppression or fraud has no "r to appeal to ! con/itut$ au?orities = r$ress2 nor are ^? au?orities "u any obligation to consid] ! appeal--! ne$y & un=tunate h no "r to implore ! assi/ance ( _! m =tunate neighbors3 & all are at lib]ty to turn a deaf e> to ! cry ( di/ress4 ,! et]nal & immutable pr9ciples ( ju/ice & humanity1 proclaim$ by ,jehovah1 & impress$ by him on ! consci5ce ( man1 h no b9d+ =ce on ! legislature ( ,ohio1 unless expressly adopt$ & en=c$ by ! ,/ate ,con/itution6 ,b z ! legislature has ?\ght prop] ?us to set at defiance ! moral s5se ( mank9d1 & to take refuge beh9d ! enactm5ts ( ! ,con/itution1 let u try ! /r5g? ( _! entr5*m5ts4 ,! words ( ! ,con/itution1 :i* x is pret5d$ sanction ! resolution we are consid]+ are ! foll[+1 viz4--,! p h a "r to assemble toge!r 9 a peaceable mann] to consult = _! common good1 to in/ruct _! repres5tatives1 & to apply to ! legislature = a r$ress ( grievances4 ,x is obvi\s t ?is clause conf]s no rights1 b is m]ely decl>atory ( exi/+ rights4 ,/ill1 z ! "r ( ! p to apply = a r$ress ( grievances is c\pl$ ) ! "r ( in/ruct+ _! repres5tatives1 & z negroes are n electors & consequ5tly are )\t repres5tatives1 x is inf]r$ t !y are n "p ( ! p4 ,t ,ohio legislators are n ,*ri/ians w\ld be a m rational conclusion4 ,"o ( ! memb]s av[$ 8 op9ion t none b vot]s _h a "r to petition4 ,if !n1 accord+ to ! pr9ciple ( ! resolution1 ! ,con/itution ( ,ohio d5ies ! "r ( petition to all b electors1 let u consid] ! practical results ( su* a d5ial4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 e female 9 ! ,/ate is plac$ "u ! same disability ) blacks & mulattoes4 ,no wife has a "r to ask = a divorce--no daught] may plead = a fa!r's life4 ,next1 no man "u tw5ty-"o ye>s--no citiz5 ( any age1 :o f want ( suffici5t resid5ce1 or o!r qualification1 is n entitl$ to vote--no individual among ! t5s ( ?\s&s ( ali5s 9 ! ,/ate--h[ev] oppress$ & wrong$ by (ficial tyranny or corruption1 has a "r to seek r$ress f ! repres5tatives ( ! p1 & %\ld he presume to d s1 may be told1 t1 l blacks & mulattoes1 he has no con/itutional "r to pres5t 8 petition to ! ,g5]al ,assembly = any purpose :atev]4 ,aga9--! ,/ate ( ,ohio is deeply indebt$ to ! citiz5s ( o!r ,/ates1 & also to ! subjects ( ,great ,brita9 = money borr[$ to con/ruct h] canals4 ,%\ld any ( ^! cr$itors lose _! c]tificates ( debt1 & ask = _! r5ewal2 or %\ld _! int]e/ be )held1 or paid 9 depreciat$ curr5cy1 & 7 !y to ask = ju/ice at ! h&s ( ! legislature1 !y might be told1 t any att5tion paid to _! reque/ mu/ be reg>d$ z a m]e act ( privilege or policy1 & n impos$ by any express$ or impli$ p[] ( ! ,con/itution1 =1 n be+ vot]s1 !y /ood on ! same gr\nd z blacks & mulattoes4 ,su* is ! folly & wick$ness 9 :i* prejudice aga9/ color has involv$ ! legislators ( a republican & pr(ess$ly ,*ri/ian ,/ate 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury4 #d4 ,,exclusion ,,f ,,! ,,army ,,& ,,militia4 ,! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t is probably ! only "o 9 ! _w t =bids a portion ( its subjects to p>ticipate 9 ! national def5ce1 n f any d\bts ( _! c\rage1 loyalty1 or physical /r5g?1 b m]ely on acc\nt ( ! t9cture ( _! sk96 ,to su* an absurd ext5t is ?is prejudice aga9/ color c>ri$1 t "s ( our militia companies h occasionally refus$ to m>* to ! s\nd ( a drum :5 beat5 by a black man4 ,to decl>e a c]ta9 class ( ! community unwor?y to be> arms 9 def5ce ( _! native c\ntry1 is necess>ily to consign t class to g5]al contempt4 #e4 ,,exclusion ,,f ,,all ,,p>ticipation ,,9 ,,! ,,adm9i/ration ,,( ,,ju/ice4 ,no color$ man c be a judge1 juror1 or con/able4 ,7 ! tal5ts & acquirem5ts ( a ,mansfield or a ,m>%all veil$ 9 a sable sk91 !y w\ld be exclud$ f ! b5* ( ! humble/ c\rt 9 ! ,am]ican republic4 ,9 ! slave ,/ates g5]ally1 no black man c ent] a c\rt ( ju/ice z a witness aga9/ a :ite "o4 ,( c\rse a :ite man may1 ) p]fect impunity1 defraud or abuse a negro to any ext5t1 provid$ he is c>eful to avoid ! pres5ce ( any ( 8 own ca/e1 at ! execution ( 8 contract1 or ! indulg5ce ( 8 malice4 ,we are n aw>e t an outrage s flagrant is sanction$ by ! laws ( any free ,/ate1 ) "o exception4 ,t exception ! read] w readily believe c be none o!r ?an ,,ohio4 ,a /atute ( ?is ,/ate enacts1 t no black or mulatto p]son or p]sons %all h]eaft] be p]mitt$ to be sworn1 or give evid5ce 9 any c\rt ( ,record or else:]e1 9 ?is ,/ate1 9 any cause dep5d+1 or matt] ( controv]sy1 :5 ei!r p>ty to ! same is a ,,:ite p]son2 or 9 any prosecution ( ! ,/ate aga9/ any ,,:ite p]son4 ,we h se5 t on ! subject ( petition ! legislature reg>ds itself z indep5d5t ( all obligation except su* z is impos$ by ! ,con/itution4 ,h[ m9dful !y are ( ! requirem5ts ev5 ( t in/rum5t1 :5 ob$i5ce to !m w\ld *eck ! indulg5ce ( _! malignity to ! blacks1 appe>s f ! #g? ,section ( ! #h? ,article1 viz4--,all c\rts %all be op51 & e p]son1 = any injury done him 9 8 l&s1 goods1 p]son or reputation1 %all h rem$y by due c\rse ( law1 & "r & ju/ice adm9i/]$ )\t d5ial or delay4 ,ohio legislators may d5y t negroes & mulattoes are citiz5s1 or p2 b !y are e/opp$ by ! v words ( ! /atute j quot$1 f d5y+ t !y are p]sons4 ,n[1 by ! ,con/itution e p]son1 black z well z :ite1 is to h ju/ice adm9i/]$ to him )\t d5ial or delay4 ,b by ! law1 :ile any unkn[n :ite vagrant may be a witness 9 any case :atev]1 no black suitor is p]mitt$ to (f] a witness ( 8 own color1 h[ev] well e/abli%$ may be 8 "* = intellig5ce & v]acity1 to prove 8 rights or 8 wrongs2 & h5ce 9 a multitude ( cases1 ju/ice is d5i$ 9 despite ( ! ,con/itution2 & :y d5i$8 ,solely f a fooli% & wick$ prejudice aga9/ color4 #f4 ,,imp$im5ts ,,to ,,education4 ,no p h ev] pr(ess$ s deep a conviction ( ! importance ( popul> education z ourselves1 & no p h ev] resort$ to su* cruel exp$i5ts to p]petuate abject ignorance4 ,m ?an "o ?ird ( ! :ole population ( ! slave ,/ates are prohibit$ f le>n+ ev5 to read1 & 9 "s ( !m free m51 if ) d>k complexions1 are subject to /ripes = tea*+ _! own *ildr54 ,if we turn to ! free ,/ates1 we f9d t 9 all ( !m1 )\t exception1 ! prejudices & cu/oms ( society oppose almo/ insup]able ob/acles to ! acquisition ( a lib]al education by color$ y\?4 ,our academies & colleges are b>r$ aga9/ !m4 ,we "k !re are in/ances ( "y m5 ) d>k sk9s hav+ be5 receiv$1 "u peculi> circum/ances1 into nor!rn colleges2 b we nei!r "k nor believe1 t !re h be5 a doz5 su* in/ances )9 ! la/ ?irty ye>s4 ,color$ *ildr5 are v g5]ally exclud$ f our common s*ools1 9 consequ5ce ( ! prejudices ( tea*]s & p>5ts4 ,9 "s ( our cities !re are s*ools exclusively = _! use1 b 9 ! c\ntry ! color$ population is usually too sp>se to ju/ify su* s*ools2 & :ite & black *ildr5 are r>ely se5 /udy+ "u ! same ro(2 al?\gh su* cases d sometimes occur1 & !n !y are conf9$ to elem5t>y s*ools4 ,"s color$ "y m51 :o c\ld be> ! exp5se1 h obta9$ 9 ,european sem9>ies ! education d5i$ !m 9 _! native l&4 ,x may n be useless to cite an in/ance ( ! malignity ) :i* ! education ( ! blacks is oppos$4 ,! ef=ts made 9 ,connecticut to prev5t ! e/abli%m5t ( s*ools ( a high] ord] ?an usual = color$ pupils1 are too well kn[n to ne$ a recital "h2 & h] ,,black ,,act1 prohibit+ ! in/ruction ( color$ *ildr5 f o!r ,/ates1 al?\gh n[ expung$ f h] /atute book ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( abolitioni/s1 w long be rememb]$ to ! opprobrium ( h] citiz5s4 ,we ask att5tion to ! foll[+ illu/ration ( public op9ion 9 ano!r ,new ,engl& ,/ate4 ,9 #ahcd an academy 0 built by subscription 9 ,,canaan1 ,new ,hamp%ire1 & a *>t] grant$ by ! legislature2 & at a meet+ ( ! proprietors x 0 det]m9$ to receive all applicants hav+ suitable moral & intellectual recomm5dations1 )\t o!r di/9ctions2 9 o!r words1 )\t ref]5ce to complexion4 ,:5 ?is det]m9ation 0 made kn[n1 a ,,t[n ,,meet+ 0 =?) conv5$1 & ! foll[+ resolutions adopt$1 viz4 ,,resolv$1 ,t we view ) abhorr5ce ! attempt ( ! ,abolitioni/s to e/abli% 9 ?is t[n a s*ool = ! in/ruction ( ! sable sons & daught]s ( ,africa1 9 common ) our sons & daught]s4 ,,resolv$1 ,t we w n associate )1 nor 9 any way c\nt5ance1 any man or woman :o %all h]eaft] p]si/ 9 attempt+ to e/abli% a s*ool 9 ?is t[n = ! exclusive education ( blacks1 or = _! education 9 conjunction ) ! :ites4 ,! frankness ( ?is la/ resolve is comm5dable4 ,! inhabitants ( ,canaan1 assembl$ 9 legal t[n meet+1 det]m9$1 x seems1 t ! blacks among !m %\ld 9 future h no education :atev]--!y %\ld n be in/ruct$ 9 company ) ! :ites1 nei!r %\ld !y h s*ools exclusively = !mselves4 ,! proprietors ( ! academy suppos+1 9 ! simplicity ( _! he>ts1 t 9 a free c\ntry !y might use _! prop]ty 9 any mann] n =bidd5 by law1 proce$$ to op5 _! s*ool1 & 9 ! ensu+ spr+ _h tw5ty-eight :ite1 & f\rte5 color$ s*ol>s4 ,! crisis _h n[ arriv$ :5 ! cause ( prejudice dem&$ ! sacrifice ( con/itutional lib]ty & ( private prop]ty4 ,ano!r t[n meet+ 0 convok$1 at :i*1 )\t a %ad[ ( au?ority1 & 9 utt] contempt ( law & dec5cy1 x 0 ord]$1 t ! academy %\ld be =cibly remov$1 & a committee 0 appo9t$ to execute ! abom9able m&ate4 ,due prep>ations 7 made = ! occasion1 & on ! #aj? ( ,augu/1 ?ree hundr$ m51 ) ab\t #bjj ox51 assembl$ at ! place1 & tak+ ! edifice f (f its f\ndation1 dragg$ x to a di/ance1 & left x a ru94 ,no "o ( ! actors 9 ?is high-h&$ outrage 0 ev] br\ght be=e a c\rt ( ju/ice to answ] = ?is crim9al & riot\s de/ruction ( ! prop]ty ( o!rs4 ,! transaction we h n>rat$1 expresses 9 emphatic t]ms ! deep & settl$ ho/ility felt 9 ! free ,/ates to ! education ( ! blacks4 ,! prejudices ( ! community r5d] t ho/ility g5]ally effective )\t ! aid ( legal enactm5ts4 ,inde$1 "s rema9+ reg>d to dec5cy & ! op9ion ( ! _w1 has re/ra9$ ! ,legislatures ( ! free ,/ates1 ) "o exception1 f consign+ ^! unhappy p to ignorance by decree+ unrighte\s decrees1 & fram+ mis*ief by a law4 ,our read]s1 no d\bt1 feel t ! exception mu/ ( c\rse be ,,ohio4 ,we h se5 ) :at def]5ce ,ohio legislators pr(ess to reg>d _! con/itutional obligations2 & we are n[ to contemplate ano!r in/ance ( _! %ameless violation ( !m4 ,! ,con/itution :i* ^! m5 h sworn to obey decl>es1 ,,no ,,law ,,%all ,,be ,,pass$ to prev5t ! poor ( ! sev]al t[n%ips & c\nties 9 ?is ,/ate f an equal p>ticipation 9 ! s*ools1 academies1 colleges1 & univ]sities 9 ?is ,/ate1 :i* are end[$ 9 :ole1 or 9 "p1 f ! rev5ue aris+ f donations made by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = ! support ( colleges & s*ools--& ! door ( said s*ools1 academies1 & univ]sities %all be op5 = ! reception ( s*ol>s1 /ud5ts1 & tea*]s ( e grade1 )\t ,,any ,,di/9ction ,,or ,,pref]5ce ,,:atev]4 ,c language be m explicit or unequivocal8 ,b h any donations be5 made by ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! support ( colleges & s*ools 9 ,ohio8 ,yes--by an act ( ,congress1 ! sixte5? section ( l& 9 ea* orig9ally survey$ t[n%ip 9 ! ,/ate1 0 set ap>t z a donation = ! express purpose ( end[+ & support+ common s*ools4 ,& n[1 h[ h ! scrupul\s legislators ( ,ohio1 :o refuse to ackn[l$ge any o!r ?an con/itutional obligations to give e> to ! cry ( di/ress--h[ h !y obey$ ?is injunction ( ! ,con/itution respect+ ! fre$om ( _! s*ools8 ,!y enact$ a law 9 #ahca1 decl>+ t1 :5 any appropriation %all be made by ! directors ( any s*ool di/rict1 f ! treasury !re(1 = ! paym5t ( a tea*]1 ! s*ool 9 su* di/rict %all be op5--to :om8 to s*ol>s1 /ud5ts1 & tea*]s ( e grade1 )\t di/9ction or pref]5ce :atev]1 z comm&$ by ! ,con/itution8 ,oh no6 ,%all be op5 to all ! ,,:ite *ildr5 resid+ !re966 ,su* is ! impot5cy ( writt5 con/itutions1 :]e a s5se ( moral obligation is want+ to en=ce !m4 ,we h n[ tak5 a review ( ! ,ohio laws aga9/ free p ( color4 ,"s ( !m are ( old1 & o!rs ( rec5t date4 ,! op9ion ent]ta9$ ( all ^! laws1 new & old1 by ! pres5t legislators ( ,ohio1 may be le>n$ by a resolution adopt$ 9 ,janu>y la/1 7#ahci7 by bo? h\ses ( ! legislature4 ,,resolv$1 ,t 9 ! op9ion ( ?is g5]al assembly x is unwise1 impolitic1 & inexp$i5t to repeal any law n[ 9 =ce impos+ disabilities ^u black or mulatto p]sons1 ?us plac+ !m ^u an equality ) ! :ites1 s f> z ?is legislature c d1 & indirectly invit+ ! black population ( o!r ,/ates to emigrate to ?is1 to ! manife/ injury ( ! public int]e/4 ,! be/ comm5t on ! _s :i* dictat$ ?is resolve is an enactm5t by ! same legislature1 abrogat+ ! supreme law :i* requires u to ,d unto o!rs z we w\ld !y %\ld d unto u1 & prohibit+ e citiz5 ( ,ohio f h>bor+ or conceal+ a fugitive slave1 "u ! p5alty ( f9e or imprisonm5t4 ,g5]al ob$i5ce to ?is vile /atute is alone want+ to fill to ! brim ! cup ( ,ohio's iniquity & degradation4 ,%e ha? done :at %e c\ld to oppress & cru% ! free negroes )9 h] bord]s4 ,%e is n[ seek+ to re*a9 ! slave :o has escap$ f 8 fett]s4 #g4 ,,imp$im5ts ,,to ,,religi\s ,,in/ruction4 ,x is unnecess>y to dwell "h on ! laws ( ! slave ,/ates prohibit+ ! free p ( color f le>n+ to read ! ,bible1 & 9 _m in/ances1 f assembl+ at discretion to wor%ip _! ,creator4 ,^! laws1 we are assur$1 are indisp5sable to ! p]petuity ( t peculi> in/itution1 :i* _m ma/]s 9 ,israel are n[ tea*+1 enjoys ! sanction ( ,,him :o w h all m5 to be sav$1 & to come to ! k ( ! tru?1 & :o has left to 8 disciples ! injunction1 se>* ! ,scriptures4 ,we turn to ! free ,/ates1 9 :i* no in/itution requires1 t ! light ( ! glori\s gospel ( ,*ri/ %\ld be prev5t$ f %9+ on any portion ( ! population1 & inquire h[ f> prejudice "h supplies ! place ( s\!rn /atutes4 ,! imp$im5ts to education already m5tion$1 necess>ily r5d] ! acquisition ( religi\s k difficult1 & 9 _m in/ances impracticable4 ,9 ! nor!rn cities1 ! blacks h frequ5tly *ur*es ( _! own1 b 9 ! c\ntry !y are too few1 & too poor to build *ur*es & ma9ta9 m9i/]s4 ,( c\rse !y mu/ rema9 de/itute ( public wor%ip & religi\s in/ruction1 unless !y c enjoy ^! bless+s 9 company ) ! :ites4 ,n[ !re is h>dly a *ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 n exclusively appropriat$ to ! blacks1 9 :i* "o ( _! numb] owns a pew1 or has a voice 9 ! *oice ( a m9i/]4 ,!re are usually1 inde$1 a few seats 9 a remote "p ( ! *ur*1 set ap>t = _! use1 & 9 :i* no :ite p]son is ev] se54 ,x is surely n surpris+1 "u all ! circum/ances ( ! case1 t ^! seats are r>ely cr[d$4 ,color$ m9i/]s are occasionally orda9$ 9 ! diff]5t d5om9ations1 b !y are kept at a di/ance by _! :ite bre?r5 9 ! m9i/ry1 & are v r>ely p]mitt$ to ent] _! pulpits2 & /ill m r>ely1 to sit at _! tables1 al?\gh ackn[l$g$ to be ambassadors ( ,*ri/4 ,! di/9ction ( ca/e is n =gott51 ev5 9 ! celebration ( ! ,"l's ,supp]1 & seldom are color$ disciples p]mitt$ to eat & dr9k ( ! memorials ( ! ,r$eem]'s passion till aft] e :ite communicant has be5 s]v$4 #h4 ,,imp$im5ts ,,to ,,hone/ ,,indu/ry4 ,9 ?is c\ntry ignorance & pov]ty are almo/ insep>able companions2 & x is surely n /range t ^? %\ld be poor :om we compel to be ignorant4 ,! lib]al pr(essions are virtually seal$ aga9/ ! blacks1 if we except ! *ur*1 & ev5 9 t admission is r5d]$ difficult by ! ob/acles plac$ 9 _! way 9 acquir+ ! requisite lit]>y qualifications2#ajb & :5 once admitt$1 _! adm9i/rations are conf9$ to _! own color4 ,_m ( our mo/ weal?y & influ5tial citiz5s h comm5c$ life z ignorant & z p5nyless z any negro :o loit]s 9 our /reets4 ,_h _! complexion be5 d>k1 not)/&+ _! tal5ts1 indu/ry1 ent]prize & probity1 !y w\ld h cont9u$ ignorant & p5nyless1 because ! pa?s to le>n+ & to weal?1 w\ld !n h be5 clos$ aga9/ !m4 ,!re is a conspiracy1 embrac+ all ! dep>tm5ts ( society1 to keep ! black man ignorant & poor4 ,z a g5]al rule1 admitt+ few if any exceptions1 ! s*ools ( lit]ature & ( sci5ce reject him--! c\nt+ h\se refuses to receive him z a bookkeep]1 mu* m z a p>tn]--no /ore admits him z a cl]k--no %op z an appr5tice4 ,"h & !re a black man may be f\nd keep+ a few trifles on a %elf = sale2 & a few acquire1 z if by /eal?1 ! k ( "s h&icraft2 b almo/ univ]sally ^! p1 bo? 9 t[n & c\ntry1 are prev5t$ by ! cu/oms ( society f ma9ta9+ !mselves & _! families by any o!r ?an m5ial occupations4 ,footnote #ajb3 ,( ! tru? ( ?is rem>k1 ! tru/ees ( ! ,episcopal ,!ological ,sem9>y at ,new-,york1 lately 7,june1 #ahci7 af=d$ a /rik+ illu/ration4 ,a "y man1 regul>ly ackn[l$g$ by ! ,bi%op z a c&idate = ord]s1 & 9 consequ5ce ( su* ackn[l$gm5t entitl$1 by an express /atute ( ! sem9>y1 to admission to its privileges1 pres5t$ himself z a pupil4 ,b ,god _h giv5 him a d>k complexion1 & !re=e ! tru/ees1 reg>dless ( ! /atute1 b>r$ ! doors aga9/ him1 by a =mal & delib]ate vote4 ,z a compromise betwe5 consci5ce & prejudice1 ! pr(essors (f]$ to give him private in/ruction--to d 9 secret :at !y 7 a%am$ to d op5ly--to conf] z a favor1 :at he 0 entitl$ to dem& z a "r4 ,! (f] 0 reject$4 ,x is wor?y ( rem>k1 t ( ! tru/ees :o took an active "p aga9/ ! color$ c&idate1 "o is ! ,,presid5t ( ! ,new ,york ,colonization ,society2 ano!r a ,,manag]1 & a ?ird1 "o ( its public *ampions2 & t ! ,bi%op ( ! diocese1 :o wi%$ to exclude 8 c&idate f ! !ological s*ool ( :i* he is bo? a tru/ee & a pr(essor1 lately head$ a recomm5dation 9 ! newspap]s = ! pur*ase ( a packet %ip = ,lib]ia1 z likely to r5d] f> m effici5t ?an h]et(ore1 ! ent]prize ( colonization4 ,9 #ahcf1 a black man ( irreproa*able "*1 & :o by 8 indu/ry & frugality _h accumulat$ sev]al ?\s& doll>s1 made application 9 ! ,city ( ,new ,york = a c>man's lic5se1 & 0 refus$ solely & av[$ly on acc\nt ( 8 complexion6 ,we h already se5 ! ef=t ( ! ,ohio legislature1 to consign ! negroes to />vation1 by det]r+ o!rs f employ+ !m4 ,ignorance1 idl5ess1 & vice1 are at once ! puni%m5ts we inflict ^u ^! un=tunate p = _! complexion2 & ! crimes ) :i* we are con/antly reproa*+ !m4 #i4 ,,liability ,,to ,,be ,,seiz$1 ,,& ,,treat$ ,,z ,,slaves4 ,an able-bodi$ color$ man sells 9 ! s\!rn m>ket = f eight hundr$ to a ?\s& doll>s2 ( c\rse he is wor? /eal+4 ,colonizationi/s & slavehold]s1 & _m nor!rn div9es1 solemnly affirm1 t ! situation ( a slave is f> pref]able to t ( a free negro2 h5ce x w\ld seem an act ( humanity to conv]t ! latt] into ! =m]4 ,kidnapp+ be+ bo? a lucrative & a b5evol5t bus9ess1 x is n /range x %\ld be ext5sively practis$4 ,9 _m ( ! ,/ates ?is bus9ess is regulat$ by law1 & !re are v>i\s ways 9 :i* ! transmutation is legally effect$4 ,?us1 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 if a free negro ent]ta9s a runaway slave1 x may be 8 own wife or *ild1 he himself is turn$ into a slave4 ,9 #ahbg1 a free woman & h] ?ree *ildr5 und]w5t ?is b5evol5t process1 = ent]ta9+ two fugitive *ildr5 ( six & n9e ye>s old4 ,9 ,virg9ia all emancipat$ slaves rema9+ twelve mon?s 9 ! ,/ate1 are k9dly re/or$ to _! =m] condition4 ,9 ,m>yl& a free negro :o m>ries a :ite woman1 !reby acquires all ! privileges ( a slave--& g5]ally1 ?r\gh\t ! slave region1 includ+ ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 e negro n kn[n to be free1 is m]cifully consid]$ z a slave1 & if 8 ma/] _c be asc]ta9$1 he is ?r[n into a dungeon1 & !re kept1 till by a public sale a ma/] c be provid$ = him4 ,b (t5 ! law grants to color$ m51 kn[n to be free1 all ! advantages ( slav]y4 ,?us1 9 ,georgia1 e free color$ man com+ into ! ,/ate1 & unable to pay a f9e ( "o hundr$ doll>s1 becomes a slave = life2 9 ,florida1 insolv5t debtors1 if black1 are ,,sold = ! b5efit ( _! cr$itors2 & 9 ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia a free color$ man1 ?r[n into jail on suspicion ( be+ a slave & prov+ 8 fre$om1 is requir$ by law to be sold z a slave1 if too poor to pay 8 jail fees4 ,let x n be suppos$ t ^! laws are all obsolete & inop]ative4 ,!y cat* _m a nor!rn negro1 :o1 9 pursuit ( 8 own bus9ess1 or on be+ decoy$ by o!rs v5tures to ent] ! slave region2 & :o1 ( c\rse1 helps to augm5t ! weal? ( our s\!rn bre?r54 ,on ! #f? ( ,m>*1 #ahci1 a report by a ,committee 0 made to ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( ! ,massa*usetts ,legislature1 9 :i* are giv5 ! names ( sev5te5 free color$ m5 :o _h be5 enslav$ at ! s\?4 ,x also /ates an in/ance 9 :i* tw5ty-five color$ citiz5s1 belong+ to ,massa*usetts1 7 conf9$ at "o "t 9 a s\!rn jail1 & ano!r in/ance 9 :i* #ge free color$ p]sons f diff]5t free ,/ates 7 conf9$1 all prep>atory to _! sale z slaves accord+ to law4 ,! facts disclos$ 9 ?is report induc$ ! ,massa*usetts ,legislature to pass a resolution prote/+ aga9/ ! kidnapp+ laws ( ! slave ,/ates1 z invad+ ! sacr$ rights ( citiz5s ( ?is commonweal?1 z contr>y to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & 9 utt] d]ogation ( t great pr9ciple ( ! common law :i* presumes e p]son to be innoc5t until prov$ to be guilty2 & ord]$ ! prote/ to be =w>d$ to ! ,gov]nors ( ! sev]al ,/ates4 ,b x is n at ! s\? alone t freem5 may be conv]t$ into slaves accord+ to law4 ,! ,act ( ,congress respect+ ! recov]y ( fugitive slaves1 af=ds mo/ extraord9>y facilities = ?is process1 ?r\gh (ficial corruption & individual p]jury4 ,by ?is ,act1 ! claimant is p]mitt$ to select a ju/ice ( ! peace1 be=e :om he may br+ or s5d 8 alleg$ slave1 & ev5 to prove 8 prop]ty by affidavit4 ,inde$1 9 almo/ e ,/ate 9 ! ,union1 a slavehold] may recov] at law a human be+ z 8 bea/ ( burd5 ) f> less c]emony ?an he c\ld 8 pig f ! possession ( 8 neighbor4 ,9 only ?ree ,/ates is a man1 claim$ z a slave1 entitl$ to a trial by jury4 ,at ! la/ session ( ! ,new ,york ,legislature a bill all[+ a jury trial 9 su* cases 0 pass$ by ! l[] ,h\se1 b reject$ by a democratic vote 9 ! ,s5ate1 democracy 9 t ,/ate1 be+ av[$ly only sk9 deep1 all its pr9ciples ( lib]ty1 equality1 & human rights dep5d+ on complexion4 ,consid]+ ! wond]ful ease & exp$ition ) :i* fugitives may be recov]$ by law1 x w\ld be v /range if mi/akes did n sometimes occur4 ,h[ (t5 !y occur _c1 ( c\rse1 be kn[n1 & x is only :5 a claim is defeat$1 t we are made s5sible ( ! exce$+ly prec>i\s t5ure by :i* a poor fri5dless negro at ! nor? holds 8 p]sonal lib]ty4 ,a few ye>s s9ce1 a girl ( ! "n ( ,m>y ,gilmore 0 arre/$ 9 ,philadelphia1 z a fugitive slave f ,m>yl&4 ,te/imony 0 n want+ 9 support ( ! claim2 yet x 0 mo/ conclusively prov$ t %e 0 ! daught] ( poor ,iri% p>5ts--hav+ n a drop ( negro blood 9 h] ve9s--t ! fa!r _h abscond$1 & t ! "m _h di$ a drunk>d 9 ! ,philadelphia hospital1 & t ! infant _h be5 k9dly receiv$ & br\ght up 9 a color$ family4 ,h5ce ! attempt to make a slave ( h]4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahci1 a color$ man 0 arre/$ 9 ,philadelphia1 on a *>ge ( hav+ abscond$ f 8 own] tw5ty-?ree ye>s be=e4 ,?is man _h a wife & family dep5d+ ^u him1 & a home :]e he enjoy$ _! society2 & yet1 unless he c\ld f9d witnesses :o c\ld prove 8 fre$om = m ?an ?is numb] ( ye>s1 he 0 to be torn f 8 wife1 8 *ildr51 8 home1 & doom$ = ! rema9d] ( 8 days to toil "u ! la%4 ,f\r witnesses = ! claimant swore to 8 id5tity1 al?\gh !y _h n se5 him be=e = tw5ty-?ree ye>s6 ,by a mo/ extraord9>y co9cid5ce1 a ,new ,engl& ,capta91 ) :om ?is negro _h sail$ tw5ty-n9e ye>s be=e1 9 a sloop f ,nantucket1 happ5$ at ?is v "t to be conf9$ = debt 9 ! same prison ) ! alleg$ slave1 & ! ,capta9's te/imony1 toge!r ) t ( "s o!r witnesses1 :o _h kn[n ! man previ\s to 8 pret5d$ elopem5t1 s fully e/abli%$ 8 fre$om1 t ! ,c\rt dis*>g$ him4 ,ano!r mode ( legal kidnapp+ /ill rema9s to be describ$4 ,by ! ,f$]al ,con/itution1 fugitives f ju/ice are to be deliv]$ up1 & "u ?is con/itutional provision1 a free negro may be conv]t$ into a slave )\t tr\bl+ ev5 a ,ju/ice ( ! ,peace to he> ! evid5ce ( ! captor's claim4 ,a fugitive slave is1 ( c\rse1 a felon--he n only /eals himself1 b also ! rags on 8 back :i* belong to 8 ma/]4 ,x is und]/ood he has tak5 refuge 9 ,new ,york1 & 8 ma/] naturally wi%es to recov] him ) z little noise1 tr\ble1 & delay z possible4 ,! way is simple & easy4 ,let ! ,gr& ,jury indict ,a4,b4 = /eal+ we>+ app>el1 & let ! indictm5t1 ) an affidavit ( ! crim9al's flight1 be =w>d$ by ! ,gov]nor ( ! ,/ate1 to 8 ,excell5cy ( ,new ,york1 ) a requisition = ! deliv]y ( ,a4,b41 to ! ag5t appo9t$ to receive him4 ,a w>rant is1 ( c\rse1 issu$ to any ,con/able ( ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york1 to arre/ ,a4,b4 ,= :at purpose8--to br+ him be=e a magi/rate :]e 8 id5tity may be e/abli%$8--no1 b to deliv] him up to ! =eign ag5t4 ,h5ce1 ! ,con/able may pick up ! fir/ likely negro he f9ds 9 ! /reet1 & %ip him to ! s\?2 & %\ld x be f\nd1 on 8 arrival on ! plantation1 t ! wrong man has come1 x w also probably be f\nd t ! mi/ake is ( no consequ5ce to ! plant]4 ,a few ye>s s9ce1 ! ,gov]nor ( ,new ,york sign$ a w>rant = ! appreh5sion ( #ag ,virg9ia negroes1 z fugitives f ju/ice4#ajc ,"u ?is w>rant1 a man :o _h liv$ 9 ! neighborhood = ?ree ye>s1 & _h a wife & *ildr51 & :o claim$ to be free1 0 seiz$1 on a ,sunday ev5+1 9 ! public highway1 9 ,we/ ,*e/] ,c\nty1 ,n4,y41 & )\t be+ p]mitt$ to take leave ( 8 family1 0 in/antly h&-cuff$1 ?r[n into a c>riage1 & hurri$ to ,new ,york1 & ! next morn+ 0 on 8 voyage to ,virg9ia4 ,footnote #ajc3 ,!re is no evid5ce t he knew !y 7 negroes2 or t he act$ o!rwise ?an 9 p]fect good fai?4 ,! alleg$ crime 0 /eal+ a boat4 ,! real crime1 x is said1 0 /eal+ !mselves & escap+ 9 a boat4 ,! mo/ horrible abuses ( ^! w>rants c only be prev5t$ by requir+ pro( ( id5tity be=e deliv]y4 ,free color$ m5 are conv]t$ into slaves n only by law1 b also contr>y to law4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 difficult to e/imate ! ext5t to :i* illegal kidnapp+ is c>ri$1 s9ce a l>ge numb] ( cases mu/ escape detection4 ,9 a "w publi%$ by ,judge ,/r\d1 ( ,philadelphia1 9 #ahbg1 he /ates1 t x _h be5 asc]ta9$ t m ?an ?irty free color$ p]sons1 mo/ly *ildr51 _h be5 kidnapp$ 9 t city )9 ! la/ two ye>s4#ajd ,footnote #ajd3 ,/r\d's ,sket* ( ! ,slave ,laws1 p4 #id4 #aj4 ,,subjection ,,to ,,insult ,,& ,,outrage4 ,! feel+ ( ! community t[>ds ^! p1 & ! contempt ) :i* !y are treat$1 are indicat$ by ! foll[+ notice1 lately publi%$ by ! proprietors ( a m5ag]ie1 9 ,new ,york4 ,! proprietors wi% x to be und]/ood1 t p ( color are n p]mitt$ to ent]1 except :5 9 att5dance ^u *ildr5 & families4 ,= two %ill+s1 any :ite scav5g] w\ld be freely admitt$1 & s w\ld negroes1 provid$ !y came 9 a capacity t m>k$ _! dep5d5ce--_! pres5ce is (f5sive1 only :5 !y come z indep5d5t spectators1 gratify+ a laudable curiosity4 ,ev5 dea?1 ! great levell]1 is n p]mitt$ to oblit]ate1 among ,*ri/ians1 ! di/9ction ( ca/e1 or to rescue ! lifeless =m ( ! color$ man f ! insults ( 8 :ite bre?r54 ,9 ! por* ( a ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 9 ,philadelphia1 9 #ahcg1 0 susp5d$ a c>d1 conta9+ ! =m ( a de$1 to be giv5 to pur*as]s ( lots 9 a c]ta9 burial gr\nd1 & to enhance ! value ( ! prop]ty1 & to entice buy]s1 ! foll[+ clause 0 ins]t$1 ,no p]son ( color1 nor any "o :o has be5 ! subject ( execution1 %all be int]r$ 9 said lot4 ,our color$ fell[-citiz5s1 l o!rs1 are occasionally call$ to pass f "o place to ano!r2 & 9 do+ s are compell$ to submit to innum]able h>d%ips & indignities4 ,!y are frequ5tly d5i$ seats 9 our /age coa*es2 & al?\gh admitt$ ^u ! decks ( our /eam boats1 are almo/ univ]sally exclud$ f ! cab9s4 ,ev5 wom5 h be5 =c$1 9 cold wea!r1 to pass ! night ^u deck1 & 9 "o in/ance ! wife ( a color$ cl]gyman lo/ h] life 9 consequ5ce ( su* an exposure4 ,! contempt p\r$ ^u ^! p by our laws1 our *ur*es1 our sem9>ies1 our pr(essions1 naturally invokes ^u _! heads ! fi]ce wra? ( vulg> malignity4 ,9 ord] to exhibit ! actual condition ( ?is portion ( our population1 we w "h ins]t "s samples ( ! outrages to :i* !y are subject$1 tak5 f ! ord9>y public j\rnals4 ,9 an acc\nt ( ! ,new ,york riots ( #ahcd1 ! ,comm]cial ,adv]tis] says--,ab\t tw5ty poor ,african 7native ,am]ican7 families1 h _h _! all de/roy$1 & h nei!r b$1 clo?+1 nor food rema9+4 ,_! h\ses are completely evisc]at$1 _! furniture a wreck1 & ! ru9$ & disconsolate t5ants ( ! devot$ h\ses are r$uc$ to ! necessity ( apply+ to ! corporation = bread4 ,! example set 9 ,new ,york 0 zeal\sly foll[$ 9 ,philadelphia4 ,"s arrangem5t1 x appe>s1 exi/$ betwe5 ! mob & ! :ite inhabitants1 z ! dwell+ h\ses ( ! latt]1 contigu\s to ! resid5ces ( ! blacks1 7 illum9at$ & left undi/urb$1 :ile ! huts ( ! negroes 7 s+l$ out ) un]r+ c]ta9ty4 ,! furniture f\nd 9 ^! h\ses 0 g5]ally brok5 up & de/roy$--b$s ripp$ op5 & _! cont5ts scatt]$ 9 ! /reets4444 ,! numb] ( h\ses assail$ 0 n less ?an tw5ty4 ,9 "o h\se !re 0 a corpse1 :i* 0 ?r[n f ! c(f91 & 9 ano!r a dead infant 0 tak5 out ( ! b$1 & ca/ on ! floor1 ! "m be+ at ! same "t b>b>\sly treat$4--,philadelphia ,gazette4 ,no case is report$ ( an attack hav+ be5 invit$ or provok$ by ! resid5ts ( ! dwell+s assail$ or de/roy$4 ,! ext5t ( ! depr$ations committ$ on ! ?ree ev5+s ( riot & outrage c only be judg$ ( by ! numb] ( h\ses damag$ or de/roy$4 ,s f> z asc]ta9$1 ?is am\nts to ,,=ty-,,five4 ,"o ( ! h\ses assault$ 0 occupi$ by an un=tunate cripple--:o1 unable to fly f ! fury ( ! mob1 0 s beat5 by "s ( ! ruffians1 t he has s9ce di$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! bruises & w\nds inflict$ 444 ,= ! la/ two days ! ,j]sey /eam boats h be5 load$ ) numb]s ( ! color$ population1 :o1 fe>ful _! lives 7 n safe 9 ?is1 det]m9$ to seek refuge 9 ano!r ,/ate4 ,on ! ,j]sey side1 t5ts 7 erect$1 & ! negroes h tak5 up a tempor>y resid5ce1 until a prospect %all be (f]$ = _! p]petual location 9 "s place ( security & lib]ty4--,national ,gazette4 ,! facts we h n[ exhibit$1 abundantly prove ! extreme cruelty & s9fulness ( t prejudice aga9/ color :i* we are impi\sly told is an ,,ord9ation ,,( ,,provid5ce4 ,colonizationi/s1 assum+ ! prejudice to be natural & inv9cible1 propose to remove its victims beyond its influ5ce4 ,abolitioni/s1 on ! contr>y1 rememb]+ ) ! ,psalmi/1 t ,x is ,,he t ha? made u1 & n we ourselves1 believe t ! b5evol5t ,fa!r ( u all requires u to treat ) ju/ice & k9dness e portion ( ! human family1 not)/&+ any p>ticul> organization he has be5 pleas$ to impress ^u !m4 ,in/ead1 !re=e1 ( gratify+ & fo/]+ ?is prejudice1 by cont9ually bani%+ f our c\ntry ^? aga9/ :om x is direct$1 ,abolitioni/s are anxi\s to de/roy ! prejudice itself2 feel+1 to use ! language ( ano!r1 t--,x is "t to recognize 9 ! humble/ portions ( society1 p>tak]s ( our nature ) all its high pr]ogatives & awful de/9ies--"t to rememb] t our di/9ctions are ext]ior & evanesc5t1 our resemblance real & p]man5t--t all is transi5t b :at is moral & spiritual--t ! only graces we c c>ry ) u into ano!r _w1 are graces ( div9e implantation1 & t amid ! rude incru/ations ( pov]ty & ignorance !re lurks an imp]i%able jewel--a ,,s\l1 susceptible ( ! highe/ spiritual beauty1 de/9$1 p]haps1 to adorn ! cele/ial abodes1 & to %9e = ev] 9 ! m$iatorial diadem ( ! ,son ( ,god--,take he$ t ye despise n "o ( ^! little ones4 ,no4 #ac4 ,,! ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,exam9]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,c ,,abolitioni/s ,,vote ,,or ,,take ,,(fice ,,"u ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,con/itution8 ,! pres]vation1 propagation1 & p]petuation ( slav]y is ! vital & animat+ _s ( ! ,national ,gov]nm5t4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,am]ican ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,society1 #adb ,,nassau ,,/reet #ahae4 ,,introduction4 ,! ,am]ican ,anti-,slav]y ,society1 at its ,annual ,meet+ 9 ,may1 #ahdd1 adopt$ ! foll[+ ,resolution3 ,resolv$1 ,t secession f ! pres5t ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t is ! duty ( e abolitioni/2 s9ce no "o c take (fice1 or ?r[ a vote = ano!r to hold (fice1 "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution1 )\t violat+ 8 anti-slav]y pr9ciples1 & r5d]+ himself an abettor ( ! slavehold] 9 8 s94 ,! passage ( ?is ,resolution has caus$ two *>ges to be br\ght aga9/ ! ,society3 ,fir/1 t x is a no-gov]nm5t body1 & t ! :ole doctr9e ( non-resi/ance is endors$ by ?is vote3--& secondly1 t ! ,society transc5d$ its prop] sph]e & con/itutional p[]s by tak+ su* a /ep4 ,! logic :i* inf]s t because a man ?9ks ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t bad1 he mu/ necess>ily ?9k all gov]nm5t s1 has at lea/1 ! m]it & ! *>m ( novelty4 ,!re is a spice ( arrogance j p]ceptible1 9 ! conclusion t ! ,con/itution ( ^! ,unit$ ,/ates is s p]fect1 t "o :o dislikes x c\ld nev] be satisfi$ ) any =m ( gov]nm5t :atev]6 ,7 ,o',connell & 8 fell[ ,ca?olics non-resi/ants1 because = two hundr$ ye>s !y submitt$ to exclusion f ! ,h\se ( ,lords & ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 r ?an qualify !mselves = a seat by an oa? abjur+ ! ,pope8 ,7 ! non-jur+ ,bi%ops ( ,engl& non-resi/ants1 :5 !y w5t d[n to ! grave )\t tak+ _! seats 9 ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 r ?an take an oa? d5y+ ! ,/u>ts & to support ! ,h\se ( ,hanov]8 ,bo? might h pur*as$ p[] at ! price ( "o annual falsehood4 ,!re are "s 9 ?is c\ntry :o d n seem to ?9k t price at all unreasonable4 ,x 7 a r>e complim5t inde$ to ! non-resi/ants1 if e exhibition ( rigid pr9ciple on ! "p ( an individual is to make ! _w suspect him ( lean+ t[>ds _! fai?4 ,! ,society is n oppos$ to gov]nm5t1 b only to ?is ,gov]nm5t bas$ ^u & act+ = slav]y4 ,) reg>d to ! second *>ge1 ( exce$+ its prop] limits & trespass+ on ! rights ( ! m9ority1 x is en\gh to say1 t ! object ( ! ,am]ican ,anti-,slav]y ,society is ! entire abolition ( slav]y 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,( c\rse x is its duty to f9d out all ! s\rces ( pro-slav]y influ5ce 9 ! l&4 ,x is its "r1 x is its duty to try e in/itution 9 ! l&1 no matt] h[ v5]able1 or sacr$1 by ! t\*/one ( anti-slav]y pr9ciple2 & if x f9ds any "o false1 to proclaim t fact to ! _w1 ) m or less ( en]gy1 accord+ to its importance 9 society4 ,x has tri$ ! ,con/itution1 & pron\nc$ x uns\nd4 ,no memb]'s consci5ce ne$ be injur$--,! qualification = memb]%ip rema9s ! same1 ! belief t slave-hold+ is a he9\s crime--,no new te/ has be5 set up--,b ! majority ( ! ,society1 = ! "t be+1 fai?ful to its duty ( try+ e in/itution by ! light ( ! pres5t day--( utt]+ its op9ion on e pass+ ev5t t t\*es ! slave's welf>e1 has se5 x to be duty to s\nd =? its w>n+1 ,,no ,,union ,,) ,,slavehold]s4 ,no "o :o did n vote = ! ,resolution is responsible = x4 ,no "o is ask$ to quit our plat=m4 ,we1 ! majority1 only ask him to ext5d to our op9ions ! same tol]ation t we ext5d to him1 & agree+ to diff] on ?is po9t1 "w toge!r :]e we c4 ,we proscribe no man = diff]5ce ( op9ion4 ,x is said1 t hav+ refus$ 9 #ahdj1 to say t a man ought to vote1 on ! gr\nd t su* a resolution w\ld be tyrannical & intol]ant1 ! ,society is manife/ly inconsi/5t n[ 9 tak+ ^u itself to say t no abolitioni/ c consi/5tly vote4 ,b ! inconsi/5cy is only app>5t & n real4 ,!re may he a ?\s& reasons :y a p>ticul> individual ought n to d an act1 ?\gh ! act be innoc5t 9 itself4 ,x w\ld be tyranny !re=e 9 a society :i* c prop]ly take notice ( b "o subject1 slav]y1 to promulgate ! doctr9e t all its memb]s ought to d any p>ticul> act1 z = in/ance1 to vote1 to give money1 to lecture1 to petition1 or ! l4 ,! p>ticul> circum/ances & op9ions ( ea* "o mu/ regulate 8 actions4 ,all we h a "r to ask is1 t he d = ! slave's cause z mu* z he does = any o!r ( equal importance4 ,b :5 an act is wrong1 x is no intol]ance to say to ! :ole _w t x ought n to be done4 ,aft] ! abolitioni/ has grant$ t slav]y is wrong1 we h ! "r to judge him by 8 own pr9ciples1 & arraign him = inconsi/5cy t1 s believ+1 he helps ! slavehold] by 8 oa?4 ,! foll[+ pages h be5 ha/ily ?r[n toge!r 9 explanation ( ! vote above recit$4 ,!y make no pret5sion to a full argum5t ( ! topic4 ,i hope t 9 a %ort "t ,i %all get leisure suffici5t to pres5t to our oppon5ts1 unless "s "o does x = me1 a full /atem5t ( ! reasons :i* h l$ u to ?is /ep4 ,i am aw>e t we non-vot]s are r s+ul>4 ,b hi/ory1 f ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ians d[nw>ds1 is full ( in/ances ( m5 :o refus$ all connection ) gov]nm5t1 & all ! influ5ce :i* (fice c\ld be/[1 r ?an d5y _! pr9ciples1 or aid 9 do+ wrong4 ,yet ,i nev] he>d !m call$ ei!r idiots or ov]-scrupul\s4 ,sir ,?omas ,m ne$ nev] h m\nt$ ! scaffold1 _h he only cons5t$ to take ! oa? ( supremacy4 ,he _h only to tell a lie ) solemnity1 z we are ask$ to d1 & he might n only h sav$ 8 life1 b1 z ! trimm]s ( 8 day w\ld h told him1 d\bl$ 8 influ5ce4 ,pitt resign$ 8 place z ,prime ,m9i/] ( ,engl&1 r ?an break fai? ) ! ,ca?olics ( ,irel&4 ,%\ld ,i n resign a petty ballot r ?an break fai? ) ! slave8 ,b ,i 0 specially glad to f9d a di/9ct recognition ( ! pr9ciple ^u :i* we h act$1 appli$ to a diff]5t po9t1 9 ! life ( t ,patri>* ( ! ,anti-,slav]y ent]prise1 ,granville ,%>pe4 ,x is 9 a late numb] ( ! ,ed9burgh ,review4 ,:ile an und]cl]k 9 ! ,w> ,(fice1 he sympa?iz$ ) our fa!rs 9 _! /ruggle = indep5d5ce4 ,ord]s rea*$ 8 (fice to %ip munitions ( w> to ! revolt$ colonies4 ,if 8 h& _h ent]$ ! acc\nt ( su* a c>go1 x w\ld h contract$ 9 8 eyes ! /a9 ( innoc5t blood4 ,to avoid ?is pollution1 he resign$ 8 place & 8 means ( subsi/5ce at a p]iod ( life :5 be c\ld no long] hope to f9d any o!r lucrative employm5t4 ,z ! ?\ghtful cl]k ( ! ,w> ,(fice takes 8 hat d[n f ! peg :]e x has us$ to hang = tw5ty ye>s1 me?9ks ,i he> "o ( our oppon5ts cry out1 ,fri5d ,%>pe1 y are absurdly scrupul\s4 ,y may innoc5tly aid ,gov]nm5t 9 do+ wrong1 adds ano!r4 ,:ile ,lib]ty ,p>ty yelps at 8 heels1 ,my de> ,sir1 y are q los+ y\r influ5ce6 ,& inde$ x is melan*oly to reflect h[1 f t mom5t ! mighty und]cl]k ( ! ,w> ,(fice767 dw9dl$ into ! m]e ,granville ,%>pe ( hi/ory6 ! man ( :om ,mansfield & ,h>grave 7 cont5t to le>n law1 & ,wilb]=ce1 philan?ropy4 ,"o fri5d proposes to vote = m5 :o %all be pl$g$ n to take (fice unless ! oa? to ! ,con/itution is disp5s$ )1 & :o %all !n g on to p]=m 9 _! (fices only su* duties z we1 _! con/itu5ts1 approve4 ,he cites1 9 support ( 8 view1 ! election ( ,o',connell to ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 9 #ahbh1 ,i believe1 j "o ye> be=e ! ,oa? ( ,supremacy1 :i* 0 ! objectionable "o to ! ,ca?olics1 0 disp5s$ )4 ,n[1 if we /ood 9 ! same circum/ances z ! ,ca?olics did 9 #ahbh1 ! example w\ld be 9 po9t4 ,:5 ! public m9d is ?or\ghly revolutioniz$1 & ready = ! *ange1 :5 ! bill[ has rea*$ its height & beg9s to cre/ into foam1 !n su* a measure may br+ matt]s to a crisis4 ,b let u fir/ g ?r\gh1 9 pati5ce1 z ,o',connell did1 our tw5ty ye>s ( agitation4 ,waiv+ all o!r objections1 ?is plan seems to me m]e play+ at politics1 & an entire wa/e ( ef=t4 ,x loses our high position z moral re=m]s2 x subjects u to all t malignant opposition & suspicion ( motives :i* att5d ! array ( p>ties2 & :ile ?us clos+ up our access to ! national consci5ce1 x wa/es 9 fruitless caucuss+ & p>ty tactics1 ! "t & ! ef=t :i* %\ld h be5 direct$ to effici5t agitation4 ,! hi/ory ( our ,union is lesson en\gh1 = e c&id m9d1 ( ! fatal effects ( e1 ! lea/1 compromise ) evil4 ,! exp]i5ce ( ! fifty ye>s pass$ "u x1 %[s u ! slaves trebl+ 9 numb]s2--slavehold]s monopoliz+ ! (fices & dictat+ ! policy ( ! ,gov]nm5t2--pro/itut+ ! /r5g? & influ5ce ( ! ,nation to ! support ( slav]y "h & else:]e2--trampl+ on ! rights ( ! free ,/ates1 & mak+ ! c\rts ( ! c\ntry _! tools4 ,to cont9ue ?is disa/r\s alliance long] is madness4 ,! trial ( fifty ye>s only proves t x is impossible = free & slave ,/ates to unite on any t]ms1 )\t all becom+ p>tn]s 9 ! guilt & responsible = ! s9 ( slav]y4 ,:y prolong ! exp]im5t8 ,let e hone/ man jo9 9 ! outcry ( ! ,am]ican ,anti-,slav]y ,society1 ,,no ,,union ,,) ,,slavehold]s4 ,,w5dell ,,phillips4 ,bo/on1 ,jan4 #ae1 #ahde4 ,,! ,,no-,,vot+ ,,!ory4 ,god nev] made a ,,citiz51 & no "o w escape z a man1 f ! s9s :i* he commits z a citiz54 ,c an abolitioni/ consi/5tly take (fice1 or vote1 "u ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates8 #a/4 ,:at is an abolitioni/8 ,"o :o ?9ks slavehold+ a s9 9 all circum/ances1 & desires its abolition4 ,( c\rse su* an "o _c consi/5tly aid ano!r 9 hold+ 8 slave2--9 o!r words1 ,i _c innoc5tly aid a man 9 do+ t :i* ,i ?9k wrong4 ,no am\nt ( fanci$ good w ju/ify me 9 jo9+ ano!r 9 do+ wrong1 unless ,i adopt ! pr9ciple ( do+ evil t good may come4 #b;d4 ,:at d tak+ (fice & vot+ "u ! ,con/itution imply8 ,! ,presid5t swe>s to execute ! (fice ( presid5t1 & to pres]ve1 protect1 & def5d ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! judges to dis*>ge ! duties incumb5t ^u !m agreeably to ! con/itution & laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,all executive1 legislative1 & judicial (fic]s1 bo? ( ! sev]al ,/ates & ( ! ,g5]al ,gov]nm5t1 be=e ent]+ on ! p]=mance ( _! (ficial duties1 are b\nd to take an oa? or affirmation1 to support ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is is :at e (fice-hold] expressly promises 9 s _m words4 ,x is a contract betwe5 him & ! :ole nation4 ,! vot]1 :o1 by vot+1 s5ds 8 fell[ citiz5 into (fice z 8 repres5tative1 kn[+ be=eh& t ! tak+ ( ?is oa? is ! fir/ duty 8 ag5t w h to p]=m1 does by 8 vote1 reque/ & au?orize him to take x4 ,he !re=e1 by vot+1 impli$ly engages to support ! ,con/itution4 ,:at "o does by 8 ag5t he does himself4 ,( c\rse no hone/ man w au?orize & reque/ ano!r to d an act :i* he ?9ks x wrong to d himself6 ,e vot]1 !re=e1 is b\nd to see1 be=e vot+1 :e!r he c\ld himself hone/ly swe> to support ! con/itution4 ,n[ :at does ?is oa? ( (fice-hold]s relate to & imply8 ,x applies1 says ,*ief ,ju/ice ,m>%all1 9 an especial mann]1 to _! conduct 9 _! (ficial "*4 ,judge ,/ory1 9 8 ,comm5t>ies on ! ,con/itution1 speaks ( x z a solemn obligation to ! due execution ( ! tru/s repos$ 9 !m1 & to support ! ,con/itution4 ,x is univ]sally consid]$ ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 by common m5 & by ! c\rts1 z a promise to d :at ! ,con/itution bids1 & to avoid :at x =bids4 ,x 0 9 ! _s ( ?is oa?1 "u :i* he spake1 t ,daniel ,web/] said 9 ,new ,york1 ,! ,con/itution gave x 7slav]y7 ,,solemn ,,gu>anties4 ,to ! full ext5t ( ^! gu>anties we are all b\nd by ! ,con/itution4 ,all ! /ipulations conta9$ 9 ! ,con/itution 9 favor ( ! slavehold+ ,/ates ought to be fulfill$2 & s f> z dep5ds on me1 %all be fulfill$1 9 ! fulness ( _! _s & to ! exactness ( _! lett]4 ,x is m ?an an oa? ( allegiance2 m ?an a m]e promise t we w n resi/ ! laws4 ,= x is an engagem5t to support !m2 z an (fic] ( gov]nm5t1 to c>ry !m into effect4 ,)\t su* a promise on ! "p ( its function>ies1 h[ c\ld gov]nm5t exi/8 ,x is m ?an ! expression ( t obligation :i* re/s on all peaceable citiz5s to submit to laws1 ev5 ?\gh !y w n actively support !m4 ,= x is ! promise :i* ! judge makes1 t he w actually d ! bus9ess ( ! c\rts2 :i* ! %]iff assumes1 t he w actually execute ! laws4 ,let x be rem>k$1 t x is an oa? to support ! ,con/itution--t is1 ! :ole ( x2 !re are no exceptions4 ,& let x be rememb]$1 t by x ea* "o makes a contract ) ! :ole nation1 t he w d c]ta9 acts4 #c;d4 ,:at is ! ,con/itution :i* ea* vot] ?us engages to support8 ,x conta9s ! foll[+ clauses3 ,art4 #a1 ,sect4 #b4 ,repres5tatives & direct taxes %all be apportion$ among ! sev]al ,/ates1 :i* may be includ$ )9 ?is ,union1 accord+ to _! respective numb]s1 :i* %all be det]m9$ by add+ to ! :ole numb] ( free p]sons1 includ+ ^? b\nd to s]vice = a t]m ( ye>s1 & exclud+ ,indians n tax$1 ?ree fif?s ( all o!r p]sons4 ,art4 #a1 ,sect4 #h4 ,congress %all h p[] 444 to suppress insurrections4 ,art4 #d1 ,sec4 #b4 ,no p]son1 held to s]vice or labor 9 "o ,/ate1 "u ! laws !re(1 escap+ into ano!r1 %all1 9 consequ5ce ( any law or regulation !re91 be dis*>g$ f su* s]vice or labor2 b %all be deliv]$ up on claim ( ! p>ty to :om su* s]vice or labor may be due4 ,art4 #d1 ,sect4 #d4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates %all gu>antee to e ,/ate 9 ?is ,union a republican =m ( gov]nm5t2 & %all protect ea* ( !m aga9/ invasion2 &1 on application ( ! legislature1 or ( ! executive1 7:5 ! legislature _c be conv5$7 aga9/ dome/ic viol5ce4 ,! fir/ ( ^! clauses1 relat+ to repres5tation1 gives to #aj1jjj inhabitants ( ,c>ol9a equal weight 9 ! gov]nm5t ) #dj1jjj inhabitants ( ,massa*usetts1 provid$ !y are ri* en\gh to hold #ej1jjj slaves3--& accord+ly conf]s on a slavehold+ community additional political p[] = e slave held among !m1 ?us tempt+ !m to cont9ue to uphold ! sy/em4 ,its result has be51 9 ! language ( ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1 to make ! pres]vation1 propagation1 & p]petuation ( slav]y ! vital & animat+ _s ( ! ,national ,gov]nm5t2 & aga91 to enable a knot ( slavehold]s to give ! law & prescribe ! policy ( ! c\ntry4 ,s t s9ce #ahcj slav]y1 slavehold+1 slavebre$+1 & slavetrad+ h =m$ ! :ole f\ndation ( ! policy ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,! second & ! la/ articles relat+ to insurrection & dome/ic viol5ce1 p]fectly innoc5t 9 !mselves--yet be+ made ) ! fact directly 9 view t slav]y exi/s among u1 d delib]ately pl$ge ! :ole national =ce aga9/ ! unhappy slave if he imitate our fa!rs & resi/ oppression--?us mak+ u p>tn]s 9 ! guilt ( su/a9+ slav]y3 ! ?ird is a promise1 on ! "p ( ! :ole ,nor?1 to return fugitive slaves to _! ma/]s2 a de$ :i* ,god's law expressly condemns1 & :i* e noble feel+ ( our nature repudiates ) loa?+ & contempt4 ,^! are ! clauses :i* ! abolitioni/1 by vot+ or tak+ (fice1 engages to uphold4 ,:ile he consid]s slavehold+ to be s91 he /ill rew>ds ! ma/] ) additional political p[] = e additional slave t he c pur*ase4 ,?9k+ slavehold+ to be s91 he pl$ges to ! ma/] ! aid ( ! :ole army & navy ( ! nation to r$uce 8 slave aga9 to *a9s1 %\ld he at any "t succe$ a mom5t 9 ?r[+ !m (f4 ,?9k+ slavehold+ to be s91 he goes on1 ye> aft] ye>1 appo9t+ by 8 vote judges & m>%als to aid 9 hunt+ up ! fugitives1 & see+ t !y are deliv]$ back to ^? :o claim !m6 ,h[ beautifully consi/5t are 8 pr9ciples & 8 promises6 ,,objections4 ,,objection ,i4 ,all[+ t ! clause relat+ to repres5tation & t relat+ to insurrections are immoral1 x is cont5d$ t ! article :i* ord]s ! return ( fugitive slaves 0 n meant to apply to slaves1 b has be5 miscon/ru$ & misappli$6 ,,answ]4 ,! mean+ ( ! o!r two clauses1 settl$ z x has be5 by ! unbrok5 practice & *e]ful acquiesc5ce ( ! ,gov]nm5t & p1 no "o has attempt$ to d5y4 ,?is also has ! same l5g? ( practice1 & ! same acquiesc5ce1 to %[ t x relates to slaves4 ,no "o d5ies t ! ,gov]nm5t & ,c\rts h s con/ru$ x1 & t ! great body ( ! p h freely concurr$ 9 & support$ ?is con/ruction4 ,& fur!r1 ,! ,madison ,pap]s 7conta9+ ! debates ( ^? :o fram$ ! ,con/itution1 at ! "t x 0 made7 settle beyond all d\bt :at mean+ ! fram]s int5d$ to convey4 ,look at ! foll[+ extracts f ^? ,pap]s3 ,tuesday1 ,augu/ #bh?1 #aghg4 ,mr4 ,butl] & ,mr4 ,p9ckney mov$ to require fugitive slaves & s]vants to be deliv]$ up l crim9als4 ,mr4 ,wilson4 ,?is w\ld oblige ! ,executive ( ! ,/ate to d x1 at ! public exp5se4 ,mr4 ,%]man saw no m propriety 9 ! public seiz+ & surr5d]+ a slave or s]vant1 ?an a horse4 ,mr4 ,butl] )drew 8 proposition1 9 ord] t "s p>ticul> provision might be made1 ap>t f ?is article4 ,article #ae1 z am5d$1 0 !n agre$ to1 nem4 con4--,madison pap]s1 pp4 #addg-h4 ,w$nesday1 ,augu/ #bi1 #aghg4 ,mr4 ,butl] mov$ to ins]t aft] ,article #ae1 ,if any p]son b\nd to s]vice or labor 9 any ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 %all escape into ano!r ,/ate1 he or %e %all n be dis*>g$ f su* s]vice or labor1 9 consequ5ce ( any regulations subsi/+ 9 ! ,/ate to :i* !y escape1 b %all be deliv]$ up to ! p]son ju/ly claim+ _! s]vice or labor1--:i* 0 agre$ to1 nem4 con4--p4 #adef4 ,& aga91 aft] ! word+ ( ! above article _h be5 slightly *ang$1 & ! clause newly numb]$1 z 9 ! pres5t ,con/itution1 we f9d ano!r /atem5t mo/ cle>ly %[+ to :at subject ! :ole 0 int5d$ to ref]3 ,saturday1 ,septemb] #ae1 #aghg4 ,article #d1 ,section #b1 7! ?ird p>agraph17 ! t]m legally 0 /ruck out2 & ! words1 "u ! laws !re(1 ins]t$ aft] ! ^w ,/ate1 9 compliance ) ! wi% ( "s :o ?\ght ! t]m legal equivocal1 & favor+ ! idea t ,,slav]y 0 legal 9 a moral view4--p4 #aehi4 ,is x n h5ce evid5t t ,,slav]y 0 ! subject ref]r$ to by ! :ole article8 ,! debates ( ! ,conv5tion held 9 ! sev]al ,/ates to ratify ! ,con/itution1 at ! same "t %[ cle>ly :at mean+ x 0 ?\ght ! fram]s _h convey$3--,9 ,virg9ia ,mr4 ,madison said1 ,ano!r clause secures to u t prop]ty :i* we n[ possess4 ,at pres5t1 if any slave elopes to any ( ^? ,/ates :]e slaves are free1 he becomes emancipat$ by _! laws4 ,= ! laws ( ! ,/ates are un*>itable to "o ano!r 9 ?is respect4 ,b 9 ?is ,con/itution1 no p]son held to s]vice1 or labor1 9 "o ,/ate1 "u ! laws !re(1 escap+ into ano!r1 %all1 9 consequ5ce ( any law or regulation !re91 be dis*>g$ f su* s]vice or labor2 b %all be deliv]$ up on claim ( ! p>ty to :om su* s]vice or labor may be due4 ,?is clause 0 expressly ins]t$ to enable own]s ( slaves to reclaim !m4 ,?is is a bett] security ?an any t n[ exi/s4 ,patrick ,h5ry1 9 reply obs]v$1 ,! clause :i* _h be5 adduc$ by ! g5tleman 0 no m ?an ?is--t a runaway negro c\ld be tak5 up 9 ,m>yl& or ,new ,york4 ,gov]nor ,r&olph said1 ,b ano!r clause ( ! ,con/itution proves ! absurdity ( ! supposition4 ,! words ( ! clause are1 ,no p]son held to s]vice or labor 9 "o ,/ate1 c4 ,e "o kn[s t slaves are held to s]vice & labor4 ,if a citiz5 ( ?is ,/ate1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is clause1 c take 8 runaway slave 9 ,m>yl&1 c4 ,g5]al ,p9ckney 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a ,conv5tion obs]v$1 ,we h obta9$ a "r to recov] our slaves1 9 :atev] "p ( ,am]ica !y may take refuge1 :i* is a "r we _h n be=e4 ,9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,mr4 ,ir$ell ,begg$ leave to expla9 ! reason ( ?is clause4 ,9 "s ( ! ,nor!rn ,/ates1 !y h emancipat$ all _! slaves4 ,if any ( our slaves1 said he1 g !re & rema9 !re a c]ta9 "t1 !y w\ld1 by ! pres5t laws1 be entitl$ to _! fre$om1 s t _! ma/]s c\ld n get !m aga94 ,?is w\ld be extremely prejudicial to ! inhabitants ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates1 & to prev5t x1 ?is clause is ins]t$ 9 ! ,con/itution4 ,?\gh ! ^w slave be n m5tion$1 ?is is ! mean+ ( x4 ,! ,nor!rn delegates1 ow+ to _! p>ticul> scruples on ! subject ( slav]y1 did n *oose ! ^w slave to be m5tion$4 ,b ev5 if ,,two clauses are immoral t is en\gh = our purpose1 & %ews t no hone/ man %\ld engage to uphold !m4 ,:o has ! "r to con/rue & exp\nd ! laws8 ,( c\rse ! ,c\rts ( ! ,nation4 ,! ,con/itution provides 7,article #c1 ,section #b17 t ! ,supreme ,c\rt %all be ! f9al & only int]pret] ( its mean+4 ,:at says ! ,supreme ,c\rt8 ,t ?is clause does relate to slaves1 & ord] _! return4 ,all ! o!r c\rts concur 9 ?is op9ion4 ,b1 say "s1 ! c\rts are corrupt on ?is "q4 ,let u appeal to ! p4 ,n9e hundr$ & n9ety-n9e out ( e ?\s& answ]1 t ! c\rts h con/ru$ x rightly1 & almo/ z _m *e]fully support x4 ,if ! unanim\s1 concurr5t1 unbrok5 practice ( e dep>tm5t ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 judicial1 legislative1 & executive1 & ! acquiesc5ce ( ! p = fifty ye>s1 d n prove :i* is ! true con/ruction1 !n h[ & :]e c su* a "q ev] be settl$8 ,if ! p & ! c\rts ( ! l& d n "k :at !y !mselves mean1 :o has au?ority to settle _! mean+ = !m8 ,if ! ,con/itution is n :at hi/ory1 unbrok5 practice1 & ! c\rts prove t our fa!rs int5d$ to make x1 & :at too1 _! desc5dants1 ?is nation say !y did make x1 & agree to uphold1--:o %all decide :at ! ,con/itution is8 ,?is is ! s5se !n 9 :i* ! ,nation und]/& t ! promise is made to !m4 ,! ,nation und]/& t ! judge pl$ges himself to return fugitive slaves4 ,! judge kn[s ?is :5 he takes ! oa?4 ,& ,paley expresses ! op9ion ( all writ]s on morals1 z well z ! conviction ( all hone/ m51 :5 he says1 t a promise is b9d+ 9 t s5se 9 :i* ! promis] ?\ght at ! "t t ! o!r p>ty und]/ood x4 ,,objection ,,ii4 ,a promise to d an immoral act is n b9d+3 !re=e an oa? to support ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 does n b9d "o to support any provisions ( t in/rum5t :i* are repugnant to 8 ideas ( "r4 ,& an abolitioni/1 ?9k+ x wrong to return slaves1 may z an (fice-hold]1 innoc5tly & prop]ly take an oa? to support a ,con/itution :i* comm&s su* return4 ,,answ]4 ,obs]ve t ?is objection all[s ! ,con/itution to be pro-slav]y1 & admits t !re are clauses 9 x :i* no abolitioni/ ought to c>ry out or support4 ,& obs]ve1 fur!r1 t we all agree1 t a bad promise is bett] brok5 ?an kept--t e abolitioni/1 :o has be=e n[ tak5 ! oa? to ! ,con/itution1 is b\nd to break x1 & disobey ! pro-slav]y clauses ( t in/rum5t4 ,s f> !re is no diff]5ce betwe5 u4 ,b ! po9t 9 dispute n[ is1 :e!r a man1 hav+ f\nd out t c]ta9 requirem5ts ( ! ,con/itution are wrong1 c1 aft] t1 innoc5tly swe> to support & obey !m1 all ! :ile mean+ n to d s4 ,n[ ,i cont5d t su* loose con/ruction ( our promises is contr>y alike to honor1 to fair deal+1 & to tru?fulness--t x t5ds to de/roy utt]ly t confid5ce betwe5 man & man :i* b9ds society toge!r1 & leads1 9 matt]s ( gov]nm5t1 to absolute tyranny4 ,! ,con/itution is a s]ies ( contracts made by ea* individual ) e o!r ( ! f\rte5 millions4 ,a man's oa? is evid5ce ( 8 ass5t to ?is contract4 ,if ,i (f] a man ! copy ( an agreem5t1 & he1 aft] read+1 swe>s to p]=m x1 h ,i n a "r to inf] f 8 oa? t he ass5ts to ! rightfulness ( ! articles ( t pap]8 ,:at m solemn =m ( express+ 8 ass5t c\ld he select8 ,a man's oa? expresses 8 conviction ( ! rightfulness ( ! actions he promises to d1 z well z 8 det]m9ation to d !m4 ,if ?is be n s1 ,i c h no tru/ 9 any man's ^w4 ,he may take my money1 promise to d :at ,i wi% 9 return1 & yet1 keep+ my money1 tell me1 on ! morr[1 t he %all n keep 8 promise1 & nev] meant to1 because ! act1 8 consci5ce tells him1 is wrong4 ,:o w\ld tru/ prop]ty to su* m51 or su* maxims 9 ! common affairs ( life8 ,%all we n be z hone/ 9 ! ,s5ate ,h\se z on ',*ange8 ,! ,nor? makes a contract ) ! ,s\? by :i* %e receives c]ta9 b5efits1 & agrees to r5d] c]ta9 s]vices4 ,! b5efits %e c>efully keeps--b ! s]vices %e refuses to r5d]1 because immoral contracts are n b9d+6 ,is ?is fair deal+8 ,x is ! rule alike ( law & common s5se1 t if we are n able1 f any cause1 to furni% ! article we h agre$ to1 we ought to return ! pay we h receiv$4 ,if p[] is put into our h&s on c]ta9 conditions1 & we f9d ourselves unable to comply ) ^? conditions1 we ought to surr5d] ! p[] back to ^? :o gave x4 ,immoral laws are d\btless void1 & %\ld n be obey$4 ,b ! "q is "h1 :e!r "o kn[+ a law to be immoral1 may innoc5tly promise to obey x 9 ord] to get into (fice8 ,! p h settl$ ! conditions on :i* "o may take (fice4 ,! fir/ is1 t he ass5t to _! ,con/itution4 ,is x hone/ to accept p[] ) ! int5tion at ! "t ( n keep+ ! conditions8--,! rightfulness ( ^? conditions is n "h ! "q4 ,,objection ,,iii4 ,i swe> to support ! ,con/itution1 z ,i und]/& x4 ,c]ta9 p>ts ( x1 9 my op9ion1 contradict o!rs & are !re=e void4 ,,answ]4 ,w any "o take ! title de$ ( 8 h\se & c>ry x to ! man he b\ght (1 & let him keep ! cov5ants ( t pap] z he says he und]/&s !m8 ,d we n all recognize ! ju/ice ( hav+ "s ?ird1 dis9t]e/$ p>ty to judge betwe5 two disputants ab\t ! mean+ ( contracts8 ,:o ev] he>d ( a contract ( :i* ea* p>ty 0 at lib]ty to keep z mu* z he ?\ght prop]8 ,z 9 all o!r contracts1 s 9 t ( ! ,con/itution1 !re is a p[] provid$ to affix ! prop] con/ruction to ! in/rum5t1 & t con/ruction bo? p>ties are b\nd to abide by1 or repudiate ! :ole contract4 ,t p[] is ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,d we seek ! common s5se1 practical view ( ?is "q8 ,g to ! ,ex*ange & ask any brok] h[ _m doll>s he w tru/ any man )1 :o av[s 8 "r to make promises ) ! design1 at ! "t1 ( break+ "s p>ts1 & n feel+ call$ ^u to /ate :i* ^? p>ts w be8 ,d y seek ! moral view ( ! po9t1 :i* philosoph]s h tak58 ,paley says1 ,a promise is b9d+ 9 t s5se 9 :i* ! promis] ?\ght at ! "t ( mak+ t ! o!r p>ty und]/ood x4 ,is !re any d\bt :at mean+ ! great body ( ! ,am]ican p atta* to ! ,con/itution & ! (ficial oa?8 ,!y are t p>ty to :om ! promise is made4 ,b1 say "s1 our lives are notice to ! :ole p :at mean+ we atta* to ! oa?1 & we w prote/ :5 we swe>1 t we d n include 9 our oa? ! pro-slav]y clauses4 ,y may z well utt] ! prote/ n[1 z :5 y are swe>+--or at home1 equally z well z )9 ! ,/ate ,h\se4 ,= no su* prote/ c be ( any avail4 ,! ,*ief ,ju/ice /&s up to adm9i/] to me ! oa? ( "s (fice1 no matt] :i*4 ,sir1 say ,i1 ,i mu/ take t oa? ) a qualification1 exclud+ c]ta9 clauses4 ,8 reply w be1 ,sir1 ,i h no discretion 9 ?is matt]4 ,i am "h m]ely to adm9i/] a prescrib$ =m ( oa?4 ,if y ass5t to x1 y are qualifi$ = y\r /ation4 ,if y d n1 y _c ent]4 ,i h no au?ority giv5 me to li/5 to exceptions4 ,i am a s]vant--! p are my ma/]s--"h is :at !y require t y support1 n ?is or t "p ( ! ,con/itution1 b '! ,con/itution1' t is1 ! :ole4 ,baffl$ "h1 ,i turn to ! p4 ,i publi% my op9ions 9 newspap]s4 ,i proclaim !m at conv5tions1 ,i spread !m ?r\gh ! c\ntry on ! w+s ( a ?\s& presses4 ,does ?is avail me8 ,yes1 says ,lib]ty p>ty1 if aft] ?is1 m5 *oose to vote = y1 x is evid5t !y mean y %all take ! oa? z y h giv5 notice t y und]/& x4 ,well1 ! vot]s 9 ,bo/on1 ) ?is und]/&+1 elect me to ,congress1 & ,i proce$ to ,wa%+ton4 ,b "h arises a difficulty1--my con/itu5ts at home h ass5t$--b :5 ,i get to ,congress1 ,i f9d ,i am n ! repres5tative ( ,bo/on only1 b ( ! :ole c\ntry4 ,! int]e/s ( ,c>ol9a are committ$ to my h&s z well z ^? ( ,massa*usetts2 ,i f9d t ! contract ,i made by my oa? 0 n ) ,bo/on1 b ) ! :ole nation4 ,x is ! nation t gives me ! p[] to decl>e w> & make peace--to lay taxes on cotton1 & control ! comm]ce ( ,new ,orleans4 ,! nation prescrib$ ! conditions 9 #aghi1 :5 ! ,con/itution 0 settl$1 & ?\gh ,bo/on may be will+ to accept me on o!r t]ms1 ,c>ol9a is n will+4 ,bo/on has accept$ my prote/1 & says1 ,take (fice4 ,c>ol9a says1 ,! oa? y swe> is sworn to me1 z well z to ! re/--,i dem& ! :ole bond4 ,9 o!r words1 :5 ,i h made my prote/1 :at evid5ce is !re t ! nation1 ! o!r p>ty to ! contract1 ass5ts to x8 ,!re c be none until t nation am5ds its ,con/itution4 ,massa*usetts :5 %e accept$ t ,con/itution1 b\nd h]self to s5d only su* m5 z c\ld swe> to return slaves4 ,if by an und]h& compromise ) "s ( h] citiz5s1 %e s5ds p]sons ( o!r s5tim5ts1 %e is p]jur$1 & any "o :o goes on su* an err& is a p>tn] 9 ! p]jury4 ,massa*usetts has no "r to ass5t to my prote/--%e has no "r to s5d repres5tatives1 except on c]ta9 conditions4 ,%e _c v>y ^? conditions1 )\t leave f ^? ^: int]e/s are to be affect$ by ! *ange1 t is1 ! :ole nation4 ,^? conditions are writt5 d[n 9 ! ,con/itution4 ,d %e & ,s\? ,c>ol9a diff]1 z to ! mean+8 ,! ,c\rt w decide = !m4 ,b1 says ! objector1 d y mean to say t ,i swe> to support ! ,con/itution1 n z ,i und]/& x1 b z "s judge und]/&s x8 ,yes1 ,i d--o!rwise !re is no su* ?+ z law4 ,?is "r ( private judgm5t1 = :i* he cont5ds1 exi/s 9 religion--b n 9 ,gov]nm5t4 ,law is a rule prescrib$4 ,! p>ty prescrib+ mu/ h ! "r to con/rue 8 own rule1 o!rwise !re w\ld be z _m laws z !re are individual consci5ces4 ,/atutes w\ld be b recomm5dations if e man 0 at lib]ty to und]/& & obey !m z he ?\ght prop]4 ,b ,i ne$ n argue ?is4 ,! absurdity ( a ,gov]nm5t t has no "r to gov]n--& ( laws :i* h no fix$ mean+--b :i* ea* man con/rues to mean :at he pleases & obeys accord+ly--mu/ be evid5t to e "o4 ,:at m p[] did ! mo/ despotic ( ! ,engli% ,/u>ts ask1 ?an ! "r1 aft] hav+ sworn to laws1 to break su* z _! consci5ces disapprov$8 ,x is ! ess5ce ( tyranny4 ,:at is ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates8 ,9 good old fa%ion$ times we ?\ght we knew1 :5 we _h read x & li/5$ to ! c\rt's exposition4 ,b we h improv$ ^u t4 ,! ,lib]ty p>ty man says1 x is = him :at he und]/&s x4 ,john ,c4 ,calh\n1 ( c\rse1 has ! same "r1 & in/ead ( ,lib]ty regulat$ by law1 we h lib]ty regulat$ by f\rte5 millions ( und]/&+s6 ,! ,lib]ty p>ty man takes (fice on conditions1 :i*1 he says1 are n b9d+ ^u him4 ,he gives u notice t he %all use ! p[] z he ?9ks "r1 )\t any reg>d to ^! conditions ( 8 oa?4 ,well1 if ?is is law1 x is good = all4 ,john ,c4 ,calh\n c ( c\rse take (fice ) ! same broad lib]ty1 & swe> to support ! ,con/itution z he und]/&s x4 ,he has told u (t5 :at t und]/&+ is--to su/a9 ,slav]y4 ,( c\rse hav+ made ?is public1 if1 aft] t1 ,c>ol9a s5ds him1 accord+ to ,lib]ty p>ty logic1 x is evid5ce t ,massa*usetts ass5ts to 8 und]/&+1 & accepts 8 oa? ) t mean+6 ,:y ,i ?\ght ,i _h fa?om$ ! pro-slav]y dep?s ( ! ,con/itution :5 ,i read ov] all its wick$ clauses--b t is skimm+ only ! surface1 if ! ,con/itution all[s e man1 to :om x commits p[] to use x1 z he *ooses to und]/& ! conditions1 & n z ! nation und]/&s !m4 ,if ) ?is "r1 ,abolitioni/s may take (fice & help ,lib]ty1 we mu/ rememb] t by ! same rule1 slavehold]s may take (fice & lawfully use all _! p[] to help ,slav]y4 ,if ?is be s1 h[ absurd to keep cry+ out ( ?is & ! o!r ?+ x is uncon/itutional4 ,away ) su* logic6 ,if we h a ,con/itution1 let u rememb] ,jeff]son's advice1 & n make x wa/e pap] by con/ruction4 ,! man :o tamp]s ?us ) ! sacr$ obligation ( an oa?1--swe>s1 & ,jesuit l1 keeps res]v$ mean+s 9 8 own brea/1--does m h>m to society by loos5+ ! f\ndations ( morals1 ?an he w\ld d good1 did 8 "o falsehood free e slave f ! ,potomac to ! ,del ,norte4 ,,objection ,,iv4 ,! oa? does n mean t ,i w positively d :at ,i swe> to d1 b only t ,i w d x1 or submit to ! p5alty ! law aw>ds4 ,if my actions 9 (fice don't suit ! nation1 let !m impea* me4 ,,answ]4 ,t is1 ,john ,tyl] may1 )\t consult+ ,congress1 plunge u into w> ) ,mexico--incur fifty millions ( public debt--lose a hundr$ ?\s& lives--& ! suffici5t recomp5se to ?is nation w be to impea* ,john ,tyl]1 ,esq41 & s5d him home to 8 slaves6 ,^! are ! wise safegu>ds ( ,con/itutional lib]ty6 ,he has fai?fully kept x z he und]/&s x4 ,:at is a ,russian slave8 ,"o :o holds life1 prop]ty1 & all1 at ! m]cy ( ! ,cz>'s idea ( "r4 ,does n ?is description ( ! p[] e (fic] has "h1 "u our ,con/itution1 r$uce ,am]icans to ! same condition8 ,b1 is x true t ! be>+ ( ! p5alty is an excuse = brea* ( our (ficial oa?s8 ,! ,judge :o1 9 que/ions ( divorce1 has trifl$ ) ! sanctity ( ! m>riage tie--:o1 9 matt]s ( prop]ty has decid$ unju/ly1 & tak5 bribes--9 capital cases has s dealt judgm5t z to s5d innoc5t m5 to ! gall[s--may cry out1 ,if y don't l me1 impea* me4 ,b w impea*m5t re/ore ! dead to life1 or ! husb& to 8 defam$ wife8 ,w\ld ! community consid] 8 submission to impea*m5t z equival5t to ! keep+ ( 8 oa? ( (fice1 & !nce=w>d view him z an hone/1 tru?-speak+1 unp]jur$ man8 ,x is idle to suppose s4 ,yet ! int]e/s committ$ to "s ( our (ficehold]s' keep+1 are m important (t5 ?an ev5 ^? :i* a ,judge controls4 ,& we mu/ rememb] t m5's ideas ( "r always diff]4 ,to admit su* a pr9ciple into ! con/ruction ( oa?s1 if x enable "o man to d mu* good1 w enable sc\ndrels :o creep into (fice to d mu* h>m1 accord+ to _! consci5ces4 ,b yet ! rule1 if x be admitt$1 mu/ be univ]sal4 ,lib]ty becomes1 !n1 matt] ( accid5t4 ,,objection ,v4 ,i %all resign :5ev] a case occurs t requires me to aid 9 return+ a fugitive slave4 ,,answ]4 ,! (fice-hold] has promis$ active ob$i5ce to ! ,con/itution 9 e exig5cy :i* x has contemplat$ & s\ght to provide =4 ,if he promis$1 n mean+ to p]=m 9 c]ta9 cases1 is he n d\bly di%one/8 ,di%one/ to 8 own consci5ce 9 promis+ to d wrong1 & to 8 fell[-citiz5s 9 purpos+ f ! fir/ to break 8 oa?1 z he knew !y und]/ood x8 ,if he _h sworn1 n reg>d+ any?+ z immoral :i* he b\nd himself to d1 & aft]w>ds f\nd 9 ! oa? some?+ aga9/ 8 consci5ce ( :i* he 0 n at fir/ aw>e1 or if by *ange ( views he _h come to deem s9ful :at be=e he ?\ght "r1 !n d\btless1 by promptly resign+1 he might escape guilt4 ,b is n ! case diff]5t1 :5 among ! acts promis$ are "s kn[n at ! "t to be morally wrong8 ',x is a s9 to swe> unto s91' says ! poet1 al?\gh x be1 z he truly adds1 'a great] s9 to keep ! s9ful oa?4' ,! capta9 has no "r to put to sea1 & resign :5 ! /orm comes4 ,besides :at supports a wick$ gov]nm5t m ?an good m5 tak+ (fice "u x1 ev5 ?\gh !y secretly det]m9e n to c>ry out all its provisions8 ,! slave balanc+ 9 8 lonely hovel ! *ance ( escape1 kn[s no?+ ( y\r secret res]vations1 y\r future int5tions4 ,he sees only ! sw>m+ millions at ! ,nor? o/5sibly sworn to re/ore him to 8 ma/]1 if he escape a little way4 ,p]*ance x is y\r false oa?1 :i* y don't mean to keep1 t makes him turn f ! attempt 9 despair4 ,he kn[s y only--! _w kn[s only by y\r actions1 n y\r int5tions1 & ^? side ) 8 ma/]4 ,! pray] :i* he lifts to ,heav51 9 8 despair1 numb]s y rightly among 8 oppressors4 ,,objection ,,vi4 ,i %all only take su* an (fice z br+s me into no connection ) slav]y4 ,,answ]4 ,gov]nm5t is a :ole2 unless ea* 9 8 circle aids 8 next neighbor1 ! ma*9e w /& /ill4 ,! ,s5ator does n himself return ! fugitive slave1 b he appo9ts ! ,m>%al1 ^: duty x is to d s4 ,! ,/ate repres5tative does n himself appo9t ! ,judge :o signs ! w>rant = ! slave's recapture1 b he *ooses ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ator :o does appo9t t ,judge4 ,! elector does n himself ord] out ! militia to resi/ dome/ic viol5ce1 b he elects ! ,presid5t1 ^: duty requires1 t a case occurr+1 he %\ld d s4 ,to suppose t ea* ( ^! may d t "p ( 8 duty t suits him1 & leave ! re/ undone1 is practical an>*y4 ,x is br++ ourselves precisely to t /ate :i* ! ,hebrew describes4 ,9 ^? days !re 0 no k+ 9 ,israel1 b ea* man did :at 0 "r 9 8 own eyes4 ,?is is all consi/5t 9 u1 :o hold t man is to d "r1 ev5 if an>*y foll[s4 ,h[ absurd to set up su* a s*eme1 & miscall x a gov]nm5t1--:]e nobody gov]ns1 b ev]ybody does z he pleases4 ,,objection ,,vii4 ,z m5 & all _! works are imp]fect1 we may innoc5tly support a ,gov]nm5t :i*1 along ) _m bless+s1 assi/s 9 ! p]petration ( "s wrong4 ,,answ]4 ,z nobody disputes t we may rightly assi/ ! wor/ ,gov]nm5t 9 do+ good1 provid$ we c d s )\t at ! same "t aid+ x 9 ! wrong x p]petrates1 ?is mu/ mean1 ( c\rse1 t x is "r to aid & obey a ,gov]nm5t 9 do+ wrong1 if we ?9k t1 on ! :ole1 ! ,gov]nm5t effects m good ?an h>m4 ,o!rwise ! :ole argum5t is irrelevant1 = ?is is ! po9t 9 dispute2 s9ce e (fice ( any consequ5ce "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution has "s imm$iate connection ) ,slav]y4 ,let u see to :at l5g?s ?is pr9ciple w c>ry "o4 ,h]od's s]vants1 !n1 7 "r 9 slay+ e *ild 9 ,be?lehem1 f two ye>s old & "u1 provid$ !y ?\ght ,h]od's ,gov]nm5t1 on ! :ole1 m a bless+ ?an a curse to ,judea6 ,! soldi]s ( ,*>les ,,ii4 7 ju/ifi$ 9 %oot+ ! ,cov5ant]s on ! muirs ( ,scotl&1 if !y ?\ght 8 rule 0 bett]1 on ! :ole1 = ,engl&1 ?an an>*y6 ,accord+ to ?is !ory1 ! mom5t ! magic w& ( ,gov]nm5t t\*es our vices1 !y />t up into virtues6 ,b has ,gov]nm5t any peculi> "* or privilege 9 ?is respect8 ,oh1 no--,gov]nm5t is only an association ( individuals1 & ! same rules ( morality :i* gov]n my conduct 9 relation to a ?\s& m51 ought to regulate my conduct to any "o4 ,!re=e1 ,i may innoc5tly aid a man 9 do+ wrong1 if ,i ?9k t1 on ! :ole1 he has m virtues ?an vices4 ,if he gives bread to ! hungry six days 9 ! week1 ,i may rightly help him1 on ! sev5?1 9 =g+ bank notes1 or murd]+ 8 fa!r6 ,! pr9ciple goes ?is l5g?1 & e l5g?1 or x _c be prov$ to exi/ at all4 ,x ends at la/1 practically1 9 ! old maxim1 t ! subject & ! soldi] h no "r to keep any consci5ce1 b h only to obey ! rul]s !y s]ve3 = !re are few1 if any1 ,gov]nm5ts ?is side ( ,satan's1 :i* c\ld n1 9 "s s5se1 be said to d m good ?an h>m4 ,n[ ,i c&idly confess1 t ,i _h r be cov]$ all ov] ) inconsi/5cies1 9 ! /ruggle to keep my h&s clean1 ?an settle quietly d[n on su* a pr9ciple z ?is4 ,x is suppos+ t we may-- ,to d a great "r1 d a little wrong2 a rule1 :i* ! ma/] poet ( human nature has rebuk$4 ,x is do+ evil t good may come--a doctr9e1 ( :i* an ,apo/le has pron\nc$ ! condemnation4 ,& let x be rememb]$ t 9 deal+ ) ! "q ( slav]y1 we are n deal+ ) extreme cases4 ,slav]y is no m9ute evil :i* lynx-ey$ suspicion has f]ret$ out4 ,e six? man is a slave4 ,! erm9e ( ju/ice is /a9$4 ,! national bann] cl+s to ! flag-/aff heavy ) blood4 ,! pres]vation ( slav]y1 says our olde/ & able/ /atesman1 is ! vital & animat+ _s ( ! ,national ,gov]nm5t4 ,surely ,,if x be true t a man may ju/ifiably /& connect$ ) a gov]nm5t 9 :i* he sees "s slight evils--/ill x is also true1 ev5 !n1 t gov]nm5ts may s9 s atroci\sly1 s enorm\sly1 may make evil s mu* ! purpose ( _! be+1 z to r5d] x ! duty ( hone/ m5 to wa% _! h&s ( !m4 ,i may give money to a fri5d ^: life has "s ?+s 9 x :i* ,i d n fully approve--b :5 8 nights are pass$ 9 ! bro!l1 & 8 days 9 drunk5ness1 :5 he uses 8 tal5ts to s$uce o!rs1 & 8 gold to pave _! road to ru91 surely ! case is *ang$4 ,i may p]haps sacrifice heal? by /ay+ a:ile 9 a room r ov]heat$1 b ,i %all c]ta9ly see x to be my duty to ru% out1 :5 ! :ole h\se is 9 full blaze4 ,,objection ,,viii4 ,god int5d$ t society & gov]nm5ts %\ld exi/4 ,we !re=e are b\nd to support !m4 ,he has conf]r$ ^u u ! rights ( citiz5%ip 9 ?is c\ntry1 & we _c escape f ! responsibility ( ex]cis+ !m4 ,god made u citiz5s4 ,,answ]4 ,?is rem9ds me ( an old /ory ,i h he>d4 ,:5 ! ,legislature 7 ask$ to set (f a portion ( ! t[n ( ,dor*e/] & call x ,s\? ,bo/on1 ! old m9i/] ( ! t[n is said to h object$1 say+1 ,god made x ,dor*e/]1 & ,dor*e/] x ought to be4 ,god made u social be+s1 x is true1 b society is n necess>ily ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates6 ,because ,god meant "s =m ( gov]nm5t %\ld exi/1 does n at all prove t we are ju/ifi$ 9 support+ a wick$ "o4 ,man conf]s ! rights & regulates ! duties ( citiz5%ip4 ,god nev] made a citiz51 & no "o w escape1 z a man1 f ! s9s he commits z a citiz54 ,?is is ! fir/ "t t x has ev] be5 held an excuse = s9 t we w5t ) ! multitude to d evil6 ,c]ta9ly we c be "u no su* responsibility to become & rema9 citiz5s1 z w excuse u f ! s9ful acts :i* z su* citiz5s we are call$ to commit4 ,does ,god make obligatory on 8 creature ! support ( in/itutions :i* require him to d acts 9 !mselves wrong8 ,to suppose s1 7 to conf\nd all ! rules ( ,god's moral k+dom4 ,presid5t ,wayl& has lately be5 illu/rat+1 & giv+ 8 te/imony to ! pr9ciple1 t a comb9ation ( m5 _c *ange ! moral "* ( an act1 :i* is 9 itself s9ful--t ! law ( morals is b9d+ ! same on communities1 corporations1 c4 z on individuals4 ,aft] describ+ slav]y1 & say+ t to hold a man 9 su* a /ate is wrong--he goes on3 ,i w (f] b "o m supposition4 ,suppose t any numb]1 = in/ance "o half ( ! families 9 our neighborhood1 %\ld by law enact t ! weak] half %\ld be slaves1 t we w\ld ex]cise ov] !m ! au?ority ( ma/]s1 prohibit by law _! in/ruction1 & conc]t among ourselves means = hold+ !m p]man5tly 9 _! pres5t situation4 ,9 :at mann] w\ld ?is alt] ! moral aspect ( ! case8 ,a law 9 ?is case is m]ely a det]m9ation ( "o p>ty1 9 :i* all unite1 to hold ! o!r p>ty 9 bondage2 & a compact by :i* ! :ole p>ty b9d !mselves to assi/ e individual ( !mselves to subdue all resi/ance f ! o!r p>ty1 & gu>antee+ to ea* o!r t ex]cise ( ?is p[] ov] ! weak] p>ty :i* !y n[ possess4 ,n[ ,i _c see t ?is 9 any respect *anges ! nature ( ! p>ties4 ,!y rema91 z be=e1 human be+s1 possess+ ! same intellectual & moral nature1 hold+ ! same relations to ea* o!r & to ,god1 & /ill "u ! same un*angeable law1 ,?\ %alt love ?y neighbor z ?yself4 ,by ! act ( hold+ a man 9 bondage1 ?is law is violat$4 ,wrong is done1 moral evil is committ$4 ,9 ! =m] case x 0 done by ! individual2 n[ x is done by ! individual & ! society4 ,be=e1 ! individual 0 responsible only = 8 own wrong2 n[ he is responsible bo? = 8 own1 & also1 z a memb] ( ! society1 = all ! wrong :i* ! society b9ds itself to uphold & r5d] p]petual4 ,! scriptures frequ5tly allude to ! fact1 t wrong done by law1 t is by society1 is am5able to ! same retribution z wrong done by ! individual4 ,?us1 ,psalm #id3bj-bc4 ',%all ! ?rone ( iniquity h fell[%ip ) !m :i* frame mis*ief by a law1 & ga!r !mselves toge!r aga9/ ! s\l ( ! righte\s1 & condemn ! innoc5t blood8 ,b ! ,"l is my def5ce2 & my ,god is ! rock ( my refuge4 ,& he %all br+ ^u !m _! own iniquity1 & %all cut !m (f 9 _! own wick$ness2 yea1 ! ,"l our ,god %all cut !m (f' ,s also ,isaiah #aj3a-d4 ',wo unto !m t decree unrighte\s decrees1 & t write griev\sness :i* !y h prescrib$4' c4 ,besides1 p]secution = ! sake ( religi\s op9ion is always p]petrat$ by law2 b ?is 9 no mann] affects its moral "*4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o po9t ( diff]5ce1 :i* arises f ! fact t ?is wrong has be5 e/abli%$ by law4 ,x becomes a social wrong4 ,! individual1 or ^? :o prec$$ him1 may h surr5d]$ _! individual "r ov] x to ! society4 ,9 ?is case x may happ5 t ! individual _c act z he might act1 if ! law _h n be5 made4 ,9 ?is case ! evil c only be eradicat$ by *ang+ ! op9ions ( ! society1 & induc+ !m to aboli% ! law4 ,x w h[ev] be app>5t t ?is1 z ,i said be=e1 does n *ange ! relation ( ! p>ties ei!r to ea* o!r or to ,god4 ,! wrong exi/s z be=e4 ,! individual act is wrong4 ,! law :i* protects x is wrong4 ,! :ole society1 9 putt+ ! law into execution1 is wrong4 ,be=e only ! individual1 n[1 ! :ole society1 becomes ! wrong do]1 & = t wrong1 bo? ! individuals & ! society are held responsible 9 ! sight ( ,god4 ,if su* individual act is wrong1 ! man :o kn[+ly does x is surely a s9n]4 ,does ,god1 ?r\gh society1 require m5 to s98 ,,objection ,,ix4 ,if n be+ non-resi/ants1 we conc$e to mank9d ! "r to frame ,gov]nm5ts1 :i* mu/1 f ! v nature ( man1 be m or less evil1 ! "r or duty to support !m1 :5 fram$1 necess>ily foll[s4 ,,answ]4 ,i d n ?9k x foll[s at all4 ,mank9d1 t is1 any numb] ( !m1 h a "r to set up su* =ms ( wor%ip z !y see fit1 b :5 !y h done s1 does x necess>ily foll[ t ,i am 9 duty b\nd to support any "o ( !m1 :e!r ,i approve x or n8 ,gov]nm5t is precisely l any o!r volunt>y association ( individuals--a temp]ance or anti-slav]y society1 a bank or railroad corporation4 ,i jo9 x1 or n1 z duty dictates4 ,if a temp]ance society exi/s 9 ! village :]e ,i am1 t love = my race :i* bids me seek its highe/ good1 comm&s me to jo9 x4 ,s if a ,gov]nm5t is =m$ 9 ! l& :]e ,i live1 ! same feel+ bids me to support x1 if ,i innoc5tly c4 ,?is is ! :ole l5g? ( my duty to ,gov]nm5t4 ,f ! necessity ( ! case1 & t con/itution ( ?+s :i* ,god has orda9$1 x foll[s t 9 any specifi$ di/rict1 ! majority mu/ rule--h5ce results ! duty ( ! m9ority to submit4 ,b we mu/ c>efully pres]ve ! di/9ction betwe5 submission & ob$i5ce --betwe5 submission & support4 ,if ! majority set up an immoral ,gov]nm5t1 ,i obey ^? laws :i* seem to me good1 because !y are good--& ,i submit to all ! p5alties :i* my disob$i5ce ( ! re/ br+s on me4 ,?is is alike ! dictate ( common s5se1 & ! comm& ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,& x mu/ be ! true doctr9e1 s9ce any o!r obliges me to obey ! majority if !y comm& me to commit murd]1 a rule :i* ev5 ! ,tory ,black/one has d5i$4 ,( c\rse = me to d any?+ ,i deem wrong1 is ! same1 9 quality1 z to commit murd]4 ,,objection ,x4 ,b x is said1 y\r !ory results 9 good m5 leav+ gov]nm5t to ! di%one/ & wick$4 ,,answ]4 ,well1 if to su/a9 gov]nm5t we mu/ sacrifice hone/y1 gov]nm5t c\ld n be 9 a m appropriate place1 ?an 9 ! h&s ( di%one/ m54 ,b x by no means foll[s1 t if ,i g out ( gov]nm5t1 ,i leave no?+ b di%one/ m5 beh9d4 ,an act may be s9 to me1 :i* ano!r may s9c]ely ?9k "r--& if s1 let him d x1 till he *anges 8 m9d4 ,i leave gov]nm5t 9 ! h&s ( ^? :om ,i d n ?9k z cle>-sight$ z myself1 b n necess>ily 9 ! h&s ( ! di%one/4 ,:e!r x be s 9 ?is c\ntry n[1 is n1 at pres5t1 ! "q1 b :e!r x w\ld be s necess>ily1 9 all cases4 ,! real "q is1 :at is ! duty ( ^? :o presume to ?9k t ,god has giv5 !m cle>] views ( duty ?an ! bulk ( ^? among :om !y live8 ,don't ?9k u conceit$ 9 suppos+ ourselves a little m enlight5$ ?an our neighbors4 ,x is no great ?+ aft] all to be a little bett] ?an a lyn*+--mobocratic--slavehold+--debt repudiat+ community4 ,:at !n is ! duty ( su* m58 ,d\btless to d all !y c to ext5d to o!rs ! light !y enjoy4 ,w !y be/ d s by compromis+ _! pr9ciples8 by lett+ _! political life give ! lie to _! life ( re=m8 ,:o w h ! mo/ influ5ce1 he ^: life is consi/5t1 or he :o says "o ?+ to-day1 & swe>s ano!r ?+ to-morr[--:o looks "o way & r[s ano!r8 ,my object is to let m5 und]/& me1 & ,i submit t ! body ( ! ,roman p und]/ood bett]1 & felt m e>ne/ly1 ! /ruggle betwe5 ! p & ! pr9ces1 :5 ! little b& ( democrats left ! city & encamp$ on ,mons ,sac]1 outside1 ?an :ile !y rema9$ mix$ up & vot+ ) _! ma/]s1 %\ld] to %\ld]4 ,dissolution is our ,mons ,sac]--,god grant t x may become equally fam\s 9 ! _w's hi/ory z ! spot :]e ! "r triumph$4 ,x is fooli% to suppose t ! position ( su* m51 dive/$ ( ! gl>e ( (ficial di/9ction1 has no weight ) ! p4 ,if x 7 s1 ,i am /ill b\nd to rememb] t ,i 0 n s5t into ! _w to h influ5ce1 b to d my duty accord+ to my own consci5ce4 ,b x is n s4 ,p d "k an hone/ man :5 !y see him4 7,i all[ t ?is is s r>e an ev5t n[-a-days1 z almo/ to ju/ify "o 9 suppos+ !y might h =gott5 h[ he look$47 ,!y w give a man cr$it1 :5 8 life is "o manly te/imony to ! tru?fulness ( 8 lips4 ,ev5 ,lib]ty p>ty1 bl9d z %e is1 has light en\gh to see t ,consi/5cy is ! jewel1 ! ev]y?+ ( su* a cause z ours4 ,! position ( a non-vot]1 9 a l& :]e ! ballot is s mu* idoliz$1 k9dles 9 e behold]'s bosom some?+ ( ! w>m sympa?y :i* waits on ! p]secut$1 c>ries ) x all ! weight ( a dis9t]e/$ te/imony to tru?1 & pricks ea* vot]'s consci5ce ) an uneasy d\bt1 :e!r aft] all vot+ is "r4 ,!re is con/antly a ,mordecai 9 ! gate4 ,i admit t we %\ld /rive to h a political influ5ce--= ) politics is b\nd up mu* ( ! welf>e ( ! p4 ,b ?is objection supposes t ! ballot box is ! only means ( political influ5ce4 ,n[ x is a good ?+ t e man %\ld h ! "r to vote4 ,b x is by no means necess>y t e man %\ld actually vote1 9 ord] to influ5ce 8 times4 ,we by no means necess>ily des]t our social duty :5 we refuse to take (fice1 or to conf] x4 ,lafayette did bett] s]vice to ! cause ( ,fr5* lib]ty :5 he retir$ to ,lagrange & refus$ to ackn[l$ge ,napoleon1 ?an he c\ld h done _h he /ood1 = ye>s1 at ! tyrant's "r h&4 ,f ! sil5ce ( t *amb] !re w5t =? a voice--f ! d>kness ( t retreat !re bur/ =? a light2 feeble inde$ at fir/1 l ! /ruggl+ beams ( ! morn+1 b de/9$ l !m to bright5 into p]fect day4 ,?is objection1 t we non-vot]s %all lose all our influ5ce1 conf\nds ! broad di/9ction betwe5 influ5ce & p[]4 ,influ5ce e hone/ man mu/ & w h1 9 exact proportion to 8 hone/y & ability4 ,god always annexes influ5ce to wor?4 ,! _w1 h[ev] unwill+1 c nev] get free f ! influ5ce ( su* a man4 ,?is influ5ce ! possession ( (fice _c give1 nor ! want ( x take away4 ,= ! ex]cise ( su* influ5ce z ?is1 man is responsible4 ,p[] we buy ( our fell[ m5 at a c]ta9 price4 ,be=e mak+ ! b>ga9 x is our duty to see t we d n pay too de> = our :i/le4 ,he :o buys x at ! price ( tru? & honor1 buys only weakness--& s9s beside4 ,( ^? :o g to ! utmo/ v]ge ( hone/y 9 ord] to rea* ! seats ( worldly p[]1 & b>t] a pure consci5ce = a weighty "n1 x may be well said ) old ,full]1 ,!y ne$ to h /eady heads :o c dive into ^! gulfs ( policy1 & come out ) a safe consci5ce4 ,,objection ,,xi4 ,?is )draw+ f gov]nm5t is ph>isaical--,%all we1 'weak1 s9ful m51' "o says1 p]haps ev5 m s9ful ?an ! slavehold]1 cry out1 ,no ,union ) ,slavehold]s8 ,su* a c\rse is want+ 9 bro!rly k9dness4 ,,answ]4 ,because we refuse to aid a wrong-do] 9 8 s91 we by no means proclaim1 or assume1 t we ?9k our :ole "* bett] ?an 84 ,x is nei!r ph>isaical to h op9ions1 nor presumptu\s to guide our lives by !m4 ,if ,i h jo9$ ) o!rs 9 do+ wrong1 is x ei!r presumptu\s or unk9d1 :5 my eyes are op5$1 to refuse to g any fur!r ) !m 9 _! c>e] ( guilt8 ,does love to ! ?ief require me to help him 9 /eal+8 ,yet ?is is all we refuse to d4 ,we w ext5d to ! slavehold] all ! c\rtesy he w all[4 ,if he is hungry1 we w fe$ him2 if he is 9 want1 bo? h&s %all be /ret*$ out = 8 aid4 ,we w give him full cr$it = all ! good t he does1 & our deep sympa?y 9 all ! temptations "u ^: /r5g? he falls4 ,b to help him 9 8 s91 to rema9 p>tn]s ) him 9 ! slave-trade1 is m ?an he has a "r to ask4 ,he w\ld be a /range prea*] :o %\ld set out to re=m 8 circle by jo9+ 9 all _! s9s6 ,x is a pr9ciple simil> to t :i* ! tipsy ,duke ( ,norfolk act$ on1 :5 see+ a drunk5 fri5d 9 ! gutt]1 he cri$ out1 ,my de> fell[1 ,i c't help y out1 b ,i'll d bett]1 ,i'll lie d[n by y\r side4 ,,objection ,,xii4 ,b consid]1 ! ab/a9+ f all %>e 9 ,gov]nm5t w leave bad m5 to h ev]y?+ _! own way--admit ,texas--ext5d slav]y1 c4 c4 ,,answ]4 ,t is no matt] ( m9e4 ,god1 ! great cons]vative p[] ( ! ,univ]se1 :5 he e/abli%$ ! "r1 saw to x t x %\ld always be ! safe/ & be/4 ,he nev] laid ^u a poor f9ite worm ! /agg]+ load ( foll[+ out into inf9ity ! complex results ( 8 actions4 ,we may re/ on ! bosom ( ,inf9ite ,wisdom1 confid5t t x is en\gh = u to d ju/ice1 he w see to x t happ9ess results4 ,,objection ,,xiii4 ,b ! same consci5ti\s objection aga9/ promis+ y\r support to gov]nm5t1 ought to lead y to avoid actually giv+ y\r support to x by pay+ taxes or sue+ 9 ! c\rts4 ,,answ]4 ,?is is :at logicians call a r$uctio ad absurdum3 an attempt to prove our pr9ciple uns\nd by %[+ t1 fairly c>ri$ out1 x leads to an absurdity4 ,b grant+ all x asks1 x does n saddle u ) any absurdity at all4 ,x is p]fectly possible to live )\t petition+1 sue+1 or hold+ /ocks4 ,?\s&s 9 ?is c\ntry h liv$1 di$1 & be5 buri$1 )\t do+ ei!r4 ,& does x load u ) any absurdity to prove t we %all be oblig$ to d f pr9ciple1 :at ! majority ( our fell[-citiz5s d f *oice8 ,we lawy]s may ?9k x is an absurdity to say a man c't sue1 =1 l ! ,apo/le at ,ephesus1 x t\*es our craft1 b t don't g f> to prove x4 ,!n1 z to taxes1 d\btless _m cases might be imag9$1 :5 e "o w\ld all[ x to be our duty to resi/ ! slighte/ taxation1 did ,*ri/ianity all[ x1 ) w> to ! hilt4 ,if su* cases may ev] arise1 :y may n ?is be "o8 ,until ,i become an ,iri%man1 no "o w ev] conv9ce me t ,i ought to vote1 by prov+ t ,i ought n to pay taxes6 ,suppose all ^! difficulties d really encompass u1 x w n be ! fir/ "t t ! do+ ( "o moral duty has reveal$ a doz5 o!rs :i* we nev] ?\ght (4 ,! *ild has climb$ ! hill ov] 8 native village1 :i* he ?\ght ! end ( ! _w1 & lo6 !re are m\nta9s beyond6 ,he won't rem$y ! matt] by creep+ back to 8 cradle & disbeliev+ 9 m\nta9s6 ,b !n1 is !re any su* inconsi/5cy 9 non-vot]s sue+ & pay+ taxes8 ,look at x4 ,a4 & ,b4 h agre$ on c]ta9 laws1 & appo9t$ ,c4 to execute !m4 ,a4 owes me1 :o am no p>ty to ! contract1 a j debt1 :i* 8 laws oblige him to pay4 ,d ,i ackn[l$ge ! rightfulness ( 8 relation to ,b4 & ,c4 by ask+ ,c4 to use ! p[] giv5 him1 9 my behalf8 ,x appe>s to me t ,i d n4 ,i may surely ask ,a4 to pay me my debt--:y n !n ask ! keep]1 :om he has appo9t$ ov] himself1 to make him d s8 ,i am a prison] among pirates4 ,! mate is abus+ me 9 "s way contr>y to _! laws4 ,d ,i recognize ! rightfulness ( ! ,capta9's au?ority1 by ask+ him to use ! p[] ! mate has cons5t$ to give him1 to protect me8 ,x seems to me t ,i d n necess>ily endorse ! means by :i* a man has acquir$ money or p[]1 :5 ,i ask him to use ei!r 9 my behalf4 ,an ali5 does n recognize ! rightfulness ( a gov]nm5t by liv+ "u x4 ,x has always be5 held t an ,engli% subject may swe> allegiance to an usurp] & yet n be guilty ( treason to ! true k+4 ,because he may innoc5tly ackn[l$ge ! k+ de facto 7! k+ 9 de$17 )\t assum+ him to be k+ de jure 7k+ by "r47 ,! di/9ction itself is z old z ! "t ( ,edw>d ! ,fir/4 ,! pr9ciple is equally applicable to suits4 ,x has be5 univ]sally act$ on & all[$4 ,! ,ca?olic1 :o %rank f ackn[l$g+ ! h]etical ,gov]nm5t ( ,engl&1 always1 ,i believe1 su$ 9 h] c\rts4 ,:o c\ld conv9ce a common man1 t by sue+ 9 ,con/ant9ople or ,timbuctoo1 he does an act :i* makes him responsible = ! "* ( ^? gov]nm5ts8 ,!n1 z = taxes4 ,x is only our volunt>y acts = :i* we are responsible4 ,& :5 did gov]nm5t ev] tru/ tax-pay+ to ! volunt>y good w ( its subjects8 ,:5 x does s1 ,i1 = "o1 w refuse to pay4 ,:5 did any sane man conclude t our ,savi\r's volunt>y paym5t ( a tax ackn[l$g$ ! rightfulness ( ,rome's au?ority ov] ,judea8 ,! ,/ates1 says ,*ief ,ju/ice ,m>%all1 h only n to elect ,s5ators1 & ?is gov]nm5t expires )\t a /ruggle4 ,e ,novemb]1 !n1 we create ! gov]nm5t anew4 ,n[1 :at in/9ct w tell a common-s5se man1 t ! act ( a sov]eign1--vot+--:i* creates a wick$ gov]nm5t1 is1 ess5tially ! same z ! submission ( a subject1--tax-pay+1--an act done )\t our cons5t4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$1 t we vote z sov]eigns1--we pay taxes z subjects4 ,:o supposes t ! humble tax-pay] ( ,au/ria1 :o does n1 p]haps1 "k 9 :at "n ! *>t] ( 8 bondage runs1 is responsible = ! do+s ( ,mett]ni*8 ,& :at sane man lik5s 8 position to t ( ! vot+ sov]eign ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates8 ,my innoc5t acts may1 ?r\gh o!rs' malice1 result 9 evil4 ,9 t case1 x w be = my be/ judgm5t to det]m9e :e!r to cont9ue or cease !m4 ,!y are n !reby r5d]$ ess5tially s9ful4 ,= in/ance1 ,i walk out on ,sabba? morn+4 ,! prie/ ov] ! way w exclaim1 ,sabba?-break]1 & ! infidel w delude 8 foll[]s1 by tell+ !m ,i h no reg>d = ,*ri/ianity4 ,/ill1 x w be = me to settle :i*1 9 pres5t circum/ances1 is be/1--to rema9 91 & n be miscon/ru$1 or to g out & be> a te/imony aga9/ ! sup]/iti\s keep+ ( ! day4 ,diff]5t circum/ances w dictate diff]5t action on su* a po9t4 ,i may (t5 be ! occasion ( evil :5 ,i am n responsible = x4 ,_m innoc5t acts occasion evil1 & 9 su* case all ,i am b\nd to ask myself be=e do+ su* innoc5t act1 is1 ,%all ,i occasion1 on ! :ole1 m h>m or good4 ,!re are _m cases :]e do+ a duty ev51 we %all occasion evil & s9 9 o!rs4 ,to save a slavehold] f dr[n+1 :5 we "k he has made a w free+ 8 slaves1 w\ld put (f1 p]haps =ev]1 _! emancipation1 b ( c\rse t is n my fault4 ,?is mak+ a man responsible = all ! evil 8 acts1 incid5tally1 )\t 8 w1 occasion1 rem9ds me ( t pr9ciple ( ,turki% law :i* ,dr4 ,cl>ke m5tions1 9 8 travels1 & :i* !y call homicide by an int]m$iate cause4 ,! case he relates is ?is3 ,a "y man 9 love poison$ himself1 because ! girl's fa!r refus$ 8 cons5t to ! m>riage4 ,! ,cadi s5t5c$ ! fa!r to pay a f9e ( #hj1 say+ if y _h n _h a daught]1 ?is "y man _h n lov$2 if he _h n lov$1 he _h nev] be5 disappo9t$2 if n disappo9t$1 he w\ld nev] h tak5 poison4 ,x 0 ! same ,cadi possibly1 :o s5t5c$ ! isl& ( ,samos to pay = ! wreck+ ( a vessel1 on ! pr9ciple t if ! isl& _h n be5 9 ! way1 ! vessel w\ld nev] h be5 wreck$6 ,!n ( taxes on imports4 ,buy+ & sell+1 & c>ry+ f c\ntry to c\ntry1 is good & innoc5t4 ,b gov]nm5t1 if ,i trade "h1 w take occasion to squeeze money out ( me4 ,v well4 ,i %all delib]ate :e!r ,i w cease trad+1 & deprive !m ( ! opportunity1 or g on & use my weal? to re=m !m4 ',tis a "q ( exp$i5cy1 n ( "r1 :i* my judgm5t1 n my consci5ce1 mu/ settle4 ,an act ( m9e1 innoc5t 9 itself1 & done f "r motives1 no aft] act ( ano!r's c make a s94 ,to import1 is rightful4 ,aft]-taxation1 aga9/ my cons5t1 _c make x wrong4 ,nei!r am ,i oblig$ to smuggle1 9 ord] to avoid x4 ,i include 9 ^! rem>ks1 all taxes1 :e!r on prop]ty1 or imports1 or railroads4 ,a *emi/1 hundr$s ( ye>s ago1 f9ds out h[ to temp] /eel4 ,! art is useful = mak+ knives1 lancets1 & ma*9]y4 ,b he kn[s t ! bad w abuse x by mak+ swords & dagg]s4 ,is he responsible8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,simil> to ?is is trad+ 9 ,am]ica1--kn[+ gov]nm5t w ?us h an opportunity to increase its rev5ue4 ,b suppose ! *emi/ to see two m5 fight+1 "o has ! o!r d[n1--to ! fir/ our *emi/ pres5ts a f9ely temp]$ dagg]4 ,su* is vot+ "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution--appo9t+ an (fic] to help ! oppressor4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 vot+ & tax-pay+ is simply ?is3 ,i may d an act "r 9 itself1 ?\gh ,i "k "s evil w result4 ,paul 0 b\nd to prea* ! gospel to ! ,jews1 ?\gh he knew "s ( !m w\ld !reby be l$ to add to _! s9s by curs+ & mobb+ him4 ,s ,i may locate prop]ty 9 ,philadelphia1 trade !re1 & ride on its railroads1 ?\gh ,i "k gov]nm5t w1 )\t my cons5t1 !reby enri* itself4 ,o!r ?+s be+ equal1 ( c\rse ,i %all n all[ x ! opportunity4 ,b ! advantages & good results ( my do+ s1 may be su* z w\ld make x my duty !re to live & trade1 ev5 subject to su* an evil4 ,b on ! o!r h&1 ,i may n d an act wrong 9 itself to secure any am\nt ( fanci$ good4 ,n[1 appo9t+ a man by my vote to a pro-slav]y (fice1 7& su* is e "o "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution17 is wrong 9 itself1 & no o!r good de$s :i* su* (fic] may d1 w ju/ify an abolitioni/ 9 s appo9t+ him4 ,let x n be said1 t ?is reason+ w apply to vot+--t vot+ is ! "r ( e human be+1 7:i* ,i grant only = ! sake ( argum5t17 & innoc5t 9 itself4 ,vot+ "u our ,con/itution is appo9t+ a man to swe> to protect1 & actually to protect slav]y4 ,n[1 appo9t+ ag5ts g5]ally is ! "r ( e man1 & innoc5t 9 itself1 b appo9t+ an ag5t to commit a murd] is s94 ,i trade1 & gov]nm5t taxes me2 d ,i au?orize x8 ,no4 ,i vote1 & ! m>%al :om my ag5t appo9ts1 returns a slave to ,s\? ,c>ol9a4 ,d ,i au?orize x8 ,yes4 ,i knew x w\ld be 8 sworn duty1 :5 ,i vot$2 & ,i ass5t$ to x1 by vot+ "u ! ,con/itution :i* makes x 8 duty4 ,if ,i trade1 x is said1 ,i may =esee t gov]nm5t w be help$ by ! taxes ,i pay1 !re=e ,i ought n to trade4 ,b ,i d n trade = ! purpose ( pay+ taxes6 ,& if ,i am to be *>g$ ) all ! =ese5 results ( my actions1 !n ,g>rison is responsible = ! ,bo/on mob6 ,! reason :y ,i am responsible = ! pro-slav]y act ( a ,unit$ ,/ates (fic]1 = :om ,i h vot$1 is ?is3 ,i mu/ be suppos$ to h int5d$ t :i* my ag5t is b\nd by 8 contract ) me 7t is1 8 oa? ( (fice7 to d4 ,all[ me to reque/ our oppos]s to keep di/9ctly 9 view ! precise po9t 9 debate4 ,?is is n :e!r ,massa*usetts c rightfully trade & make treaties ) ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 al?\gh %e kn[s t su* a c\rse w result 9 /r5g!n+ a wrongdo]4 ,su* are mo/ ( ! cases :i* !y consid] p>allel to ours1 & = p]mitt+ :i* !y *>ge u ) inconsi/5cy4 ,b ! "q really is1 :e!r ,massa*usetts c jo9 h&s & /r5g? ) ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 = ! express & av[$ purpose ( su/a9+ ,slav]y4 ,?is %e does 9 ! ,con/itution4 ,= he :o swe>s to support an in/rum5t ( twelve clauses1 swe>s to support "o z well z ano!r1--& ?\gh "o only be immoral1--/ill he swe>s to d an immoral act4 ,n[1 my conviction is1 :i* fire w n burn out ( me1 t to return fugitive slaves is s9--to promise s to d1 & n d x1 is1 if possible1 bas] /ill2 & t any conjunction ( circum/ances :i* makes ei!r necess>y1 is ( ! ,devil1 & n ( ,god4 ,,objection ,,xiv4 ,duty requires ( a non-vot] to quit ! c\ntry1 & g :]e 8 taxes w n help to build up slav]y4 ,,answ]4 ,god gave me my bir? "h4 ,because bad m5 ab\t me play su* tricks be=e high ,heav51 z make ! angels weep1 does x oblige me to quit8 ,i h z good "r "h z !y4 ,if !y *oose to leave1 let !m--,i ,%all rema94 ',tw\ld be a pretty ?+1 inde$1 if1 z (t5 z ,i f\nd myself next door to a bad man1 :o w\ld br+ up 8 *ildr5 to /eal my apples & break my w9d[s1 ,i 7 oblig$ to take ! temptation away by cutt+ d[n all my apple trees & mov+ my h\se fur!r we/1 into ! wild]ness4 ,?is w\ld be1 9 good ,john ,wesley's phrase1 giv+ up all ! good times to ! devil1 ) a witness4 ,,objection ,,xv4 ,society has ! "r to prescribe ! t]ms1 ^u ! express$ or impli$ agreem5t to comply ) :i* a p]son may reside )9 its limits4 ,,answ]4 ,?is pr9ciple ,i utt]ly d5y4 ,all t ,society has a "r to dem& is peaceful submission to its exactions3--cons5t !y h nei!r ! p[] nor ! "r to exact or to imply4 ,tw5ty m5 live on a lone isl&4 ,n9ete5 set up a gov]nm5t & say1 e man :o lives !re %all wor%ip idols4 ,! tw5tie? submits to all _! laws1 b refuses to commit idolatry4 ,h !y ! "r to say1 ,d s1 or quit2 or1 to say1 ,if y /ay1 we w consid] y z impli$ly wor%ipp+ idols8 ,d\btless !y h ! p[]1 b ! majority h no rights1 except ^? :i* ju/ice sanctions4 ,w ! objector %[ me ! ju/ice ( 8 pr9ciple8 ,i 0 born "h4 ,i ask no man's p]mission to rema94 ,all t any man or body ( m5 h a "r to inf] f my /ay+ "h1 is t1 9 do+ ?is innoc5t act1 ,i ?9k1 t on ! :ole1 ,i am effect+ m good ?an h>m4 ,lawy]s say1 ,i _c f9d ?is "r laid d[n 9 ! books4 ,t w n tr\ble me4 ,"s old play has a "* 9 x :o nev] ties 8 neckclo? )\t a w>rant f ,mr4 ,ju/ice ,ov]do4 ,i claim no relation%ip to t v scrupul\s individual4 ,,objection ,,xvi4 ,^! clauses1 to :i* y ref]1 are inconsi/5t ) ! ,preamble ( ! ,con/itution1 :i* describes x z made to e/abli% ju/ice & secure ! bless+s ( lib]ty to ourselves & our po/]ity3 ,& z1 :5 two clauses ( ! same in/rum5t are inconsi/5t1 "o mu/ yield & be held void--we hold ^! ?ree clauses void4 ,,answ]4 ,a specific clause is n to be held void on acc\nt ( g5]al t]ms1 su* z ^? ( ! preamble4 ,x is r to be tak5 z an exception1 all[$ & admitt$ at ! "t1 to ^? g5]al t]ms4 ,aga94 ,y say !y are inconsi/5t4 ,b ! ,c\rts & ! ,p d n ?9k s4 ,n[ !y1 be+ ! majority1 settle ! law4 ,! "q !n is1 :e!r ! law be+ settl$1--& accord+ to y\r belief settl$ immorally1--y w volunte] y\r s]vices to execute x & c>ry x into effect8 ,?is y d by becom+ an (ficehold]4 ,x seems to me ?is "q c receive b "o answ] f hone/ m54 ,,la/ ,,( ,,all1 ,,! ,,objector ,,cries ,,out1 ,! ,con/itution may be am5d$1 & ,i %all vote to h x *ang$4 ,,answ]4 ,b at pres5t x is necess>y to swe> to support x z x is4 ,:at ! ,con/itution may become1 a c5tury h5ce1 we "k n2 we speak ( x z x is1 & repudiate x z x is4 ,h[ long may "o promise to d evil1 9 hope "s "t or o!r to get ! p[] to d good8 ,we w n br& ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates z pro-slav]y1 aft]--x _h ceas$ to be s6 ,?is objection rem9ds me ( ,miss ,m>t9eau's /ory ( ! little boy1 :o hurt himself1 & sat cry+ on ! sidewalk4 ,don't cry6 said a fri5d1 x won't hurt y tomorr[4--,well !n1 said ! *ild1 ,i won't cry tomorr[4 ,we come !n1 x seems to me1 back to our orig9al conclusion3 t ! man :o swe>s to support ! ,con/itution1 swe>s to support ! :ole ( x1 pro-slav]y clauses & all1--t he swe>s to support x z x is1 n z x h]eaft] may become1--t he swe>s to support x 9 ! s5se giv5 to x by ! ,c\rts & ! ,nation1 n z he *ooses to und]/& x1--& t ! ,c\rts & ! ,nation expect su* an "o 9 (fice to d 8 %>e t[>d ! suppression ( slave1 z well z o!r1 insurrections1 & to aid ! return ( fugitive slaves4 ,aft] an abolitioni/ has tak5 su* an oa?1 or by 8 vote s5t ano!r to take x = him1 ,i d n see h[ he c look 8 own pr9ciples 9 ! face4 ,?\ t prea*e/ a man %\ld n /eal1 do/ ?\ lie8 ,we :o call ^u ! slavehold] to d "r1 no matt] :at ! consequ5ces or ! co/1 are c]ta9ly b\nd to look well to our own example4 ,at lea/ we c h>dly expect to w9 ! ma/] to d ju/ice by sett+ him an example ( p]jury4 ,x is almo/ an insult 9 an abolitioni/1 :ile n will+ to sacrifice ev5 a petty ballot = 8 pr9ciples1 to dem& ( ! slavehold] t he give up weal?1 home1 old prejudices & social position at _! call4 ,,extracts ,,f ,j4,q4 ,,adams4 ,! b5efits ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 7 ! re/oration ( cr$it & reputation1 to ! c\ntry--! revival ( comm]ce1 navigation1 & %ip build+--! acquisition ( ! means ( dis*>g+ ! debts ( ! ,revolution1 & ! protection & enc\ragem5t ( ! infant & droop+ manufactures ( ! c\ntry4 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1 z is n[ well asc]ta9$1 0 insuffici5t to propitiate ! rul]s ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates to ! adoption ( ! ,con/itution4 ,:at !y specially want$ 0 protection4 ,protection f ! p[]ful & savage tribes ( ,indians )9 _! bord]s1 & :o 7 h>ass+ !m ) ! mo/ t]rible ( w>s--& protection f _! own negroes--protection f _! insurrections--protection f _! escape--protection ev5 to ! trade by :i* !y 7 br\ght into ?is c\ntry--protection1 %all ,i n blu% to say1 protection to ! v bondage by :i* !y 7 held4 ,yes6 x _c be d5i$--! slavehold+ lords ( ! ,s\? prescrib$1 z a condition ( _! ass5t to ! ,con/itution1 ?ree special provisions to secure ! p]petuity ( _! dom9ion ov] _! slaves4 ,! fir/ 0 ! immunity = tw5ty ye>s ( pres]v+ ! ,african slave-trade2 ! second 0 ! /ipulation to surr5d] fugitive slaves--an engagem5t positively prohibit$ by ! laws ( ,god1 deliv]$ f ,s9ai2 & ?irdly1 ! exaction1 fatal to ! pr9ciples ( popul> repres5tation1 ( a repres5tation = slaves--= articles ( m]*&ise1 "u ! "n ( p]sons4 ,9 outw>d %[1 x is a repres5tation ( p]sons 9 bondage2 9 fact1 x is a repres5tation ( _! ma/]s1--! oppressor repres5t+ ! oppress$4--,is x 9 ! compass ( human imag9ation to devise a m p]fect exemplification ( ! art ( committ+ ! lamb to ! t5d] cu/ody ( ! wolf8--,! repres5tative is ?us con/itut$1 n ! fri5d1 ag5t & tru/ee ( ! p]son :om he repres5ts1 b ! mo/ invet]ate ( 8 foes4 ,to call gov]nm5t ?us con/itut$ a democracy1 is to insult ! und]/&+ ( mank9d4 ,x is d\bly ta9t$ ) ! infection ( ri*es & ( slav]y4 ,!re is no "n 9 ! language ( national jurisprud5ce t c def9e x--no model 9 ! records ( anci5t hi/ory1 or 9 ! political !ories ( ,ari/otle1 ) :i* x c be lik5$4 ,"h is "o class ( m51 consi/+ ( n m ?an "o-=tie? "p ( ! :ole p1 n m ?an "o-?irtie? "p ( ! free population1 exclusively devot$ to _! p]sonal int]e/s id5tifi$ ) _! own z slavehold]s ( ! same associat$ weal?1 & wield+ by _! votes1 ^u e "q ( gov]nm5t or ( public policy1 two-fif?s ( ! :ole p[] ( ! ,h\se4 ,9 ! ,s5ate ( ! ,union1 ! proportion ( ! slavehold+ p[] is yet great]4 ,its op]ation ^u ! gov]nm5t ( ! nation is1 to e/abli% an artificial majority 9 ! slave repres5tation ov] t ( ! free p1 9 ! ,am]ican ,congress1 & !reby to make ! ,,pres]vation1 ,,propagation1 ,,& ,,p]petuation ,,( ,,slav]y ,,! ,,vital ,,& ,,animat+ ,,_s ,,( ,,! ,,national ,,gov]nm5t4--,! result is se5 9 ! fact t1 at ?is day1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,s5ate1 ! ,speak] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 & five out ( n9e ( ! ,judges ( ! ,supreme ,judicial ,c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 are n only citiz5s ( slavehold+ ,/ates1 b individual slavehold]s !mselves4 ,s are1 & con/antly h be51 ) sc>cely an exception1 all ! memb]s ( bo? ,h\ses ( ,congress f ! slavehold+ ,/ates2 & s are1 9 imm5sely disproportionate numb]s1 ! comm&+ (fic]s ( ! army & navy2 ! (fic]s ( ! cu/oms2 ! regi/]s & receiv]s ( ! l& (fices1 & ! po/-ma/]s ?r\gh\t ! slavehold+ ,/ates4 ,fell[-citiz5s1--) a body ( m5 ?us compos$1 = legislators & executors ( ! laws1 :at w1 :at mu/ be1 :at has be5 y\r legislation8 ,! numb]s ( freem5 con/itut+ y\r nation are mu* great] ?an ^? ( ! slavehold+ ,/ates1 bond & free4 ,y h at lea/ ?ree-fif?s ( ! :ole population ( ! ,union4 ,y\r influ5ce on ! legislation & ! adm9i/ration ( ! ,gov]nm5t ought to be 9 ! proportion ( ?ree to two4 ,b h[ /&s ! fact8 ,besides ! legitimate portion ( influ5ce ex]cis$ by ! slavehold+ ,/ates by ! measure ( _! numb]s1 "h is an intrusive influ5ce 9 e dep>tm5t1 by a repres5tation1 nom9ally ( p]sons1 b really ( prop]ty1 o/5sibly ( slaves1 b effectively ( _! ma/]s1 ov]balanc+ y\r sup]iority ( numb]s1 add+ two-fif?s ( supplem5t>y p[] to ! two-fif?s fairly secur$ to !m by ! compact1 ,,controll+ ,,& ,,ov]rul+ ,,! ,,:ole ,,action ,,( ,,y\r ,,gov]nm5t ,,& ,,home ,,& ,,abroad1 & w>p+ x to ! sordid private int]e/ & oppressive policy ( #cjj1jjj own]s ( slaves4 ,9 ! ,articles ( ,conf$]ation1 !re 0 no gu>anty = ! prop]ty ( ! slavehold]--no d\ble repres5tation ( him 9 ! ,f$]al c\ncils--no p[] ( taxation--no /ipulation = ! recov]y ( fugitive slaves4 ,b :5 ! p[]s ( gov]nm5t came to be delegat$ to ! ,union1 ! ,s\?--t is1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a & ,georgia--refus$ _! subscription to ! p>*m5t1 till x %\ld be saturat$ ) ! infection ( slav]y1 :i* no fumigation c\ld purify1 no qu>ant9e c\ld ext+ui%4 ,! freem5 ( ! ,nor? gave way1 & ! deadly v5om ( slav]y 0 infus$ into ! ,con/itution ( fre$om4 ,its fir/ consequ5ce has be5 to inv]t ! fir/ pr9ciple ( ,democracy1 t ! w ( ! majority %all rule ! l&4 ,by means ( ! d\ble repres5tation1 ! m9ority comm& ! :ole1 & a ,,knot ,,( ,,slavehold]s ,,give ,,! ,,law ,,& ,,prescribe ,,! ,,policy ,,( ,,! ,,c\ntry4 ,,! ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,exam9]4 ,,address ,,to ,,! ,,fri5ds ,,( ,,con/itutional ,,lib]ty1 ,,on ,,! ,,violation ,,by ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,,( ,,! ,,"r ,,( ,,petition ,,at ,,! ,,executive ,,committee ,,( ,,! ,,am]ican ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,society4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,! ,,am]ican ,,anti-,,slav]y ,,society1 ,,no4 #adc ,,nassau ,,/reet4 #ahdj4 ,?is ,no4 conta9s #a %eet4--,po/age1 "u #ajj miles1 #a-a_/b ct4 ov] #ajj1 #b-a_/b cts4 ,please ,read & circulate4 ,,address4 ,,to ,,! ,,fri5ds ,,( ,,con/itutional ,,lib]ty3-- ,!re 0 a "t1 fell[ citiz5s1 :5 ! above address w\ld h includ$ ! ,,p ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates4 ,b1 alas6 ! fre$om ( ! press1 fre$om ( spee*1 & ! "r ( petition1 are n[ hat$ & dread$ by our ,s\!rn citiz5s1 z ho/ile to ! p]petuity ( human bondage2 :ile1 by _! political influ5ce 9 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 !y h induc$ numb]s at ! ,nor? to unite ) !m 9 _! sacrilegi\s crusade aga9/ ^! ine/imable privileges4 ,on ! #bh? ,janu>y la/1 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 on motion ( ,mr4 ,johnson1 f ,m>yl&1 made x a /&+ ,,rule ( ! ,h\se t no petition1 memorial1 resolution1 or o!r pap]1 pray+ ! abolition ( slav]y 9 ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 or any ,/ate or ,t]ritory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 :i* x n[ exi/s1 ,,%all ,,be ,,receiv$ ,,by ,,! ,,h\se1 ,,or ,,ent]ta9$ ,,9 ,,any ,,way ,,:atev]4 ,?us has ! ,,"r ,,( ,,petition be5 immolat$ 9 ! v ,temple ( ,lib]ty1 & (f]$ up1 a propitiatory sacrifice to ! demon ( slav]y4 ,nev] be=e has an outrage s unblu%+ly pr(ligate be5 p]petrat$ ^u ! ,f$]al ,con/itution4 ,yet1 :ile we m\rn ! deg5]acy :i* ?is transaction ev9ces1 we behold1 9 its att5d+ circum/ances1 joyful om5s ( ! triumph :i* awaits our /ruggle ) ! hateful p[] t n[ p]v]ts ! ,g5]al ,gov]nm5t into an eng9e ( cruelty & loa?some oppression4 ,be=e we congratulate y on ^! om5s1 let u recall to y\r recollection ! /eps by :i* ! enemies ( human rights h advanc$ to _! pres5t ra% & insol5t defiance ( moral & con/itutional obligation4 ,9 #ahca1 a newspap] 0 e/abli%$ 9 ,bo/on1 = ! purpose ( dissem9at+ facts & argum5ts 9 favor ( ! duty & policy ( imm$iate emancipation4 ,! ,legislature ( ,georgia1 ) all ! recklessness ( despotism1 pass$ a law1 (f]+ a rew>d ( #ejjj1 = ! abduction ( ! ,editor1 & 8 deliv]y 9 ,georgia4 ,z !re 0 no law1 by :i* a citiz5 ( ,massa*usetts c\ld be tri$ 9 ,georgia1 = express+ 8 op9ions 9 ! capital ( 8 own ,/ate1 ?is rew>d 0 int5d$ z ! price ( ,,blood4 ,d y />t at ! sugge/ion8 ,rememb] ! sev]al sums ( #be1jjj1 ( #ej1jjj1 & ( #ajj1jjj1 (f]$ 9 ,s\!rn pap]s = kidnapp+ c]ta9 abolitioni/s4 ,rememb] ! horrible inflictions by ,s\!rn ,lyn* clubs4 ,rememb] ! decl>ation1 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate1 by ! braz5-front$ ,pre/on1 t1 %\ld an abolitioni/ be caught 9 ,c>ol9a1 he w\ld be ,,hang$4 ,b1 z ! ,slavehold]s c\ld n de/roy ! lives ( ! ,abolitioni/s1 !y det]m9$ to murd] _! *>act]s4 ,h5ce1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 induc$1 9 8 ,message ( #ahce1 to ,congress1 to *>ge !m ) plott+ ! massacre ( ! ,s\!rn plant]s2 & ev5 to /ultify himself1 by affirm+ t1 = ?is purpose1 !y 7 engag$ 9 s5d+1 by mail1 inflammatory appeals to ! slaves--s5d+ pap]s to m5 :o c\ld n read !m1 & by a conveyance ?r\gh :i* !y c\ld n receive !m6 ,he well knew t ! pap]s allud$ to 7 appeals on ! immorality ( conv]t+ m51 wom51 & *ildr51 into bea/s ( burd51 & 7 s5t to ! ma/]s1 = _! consid]ation4 ,! ma/]s 9 ,*>le/on1 dread+ ! moral influ5ce ( ^! appeals on ! consci5ce ( ! slavehold+ community1 =c$ ! ,po/ ,(fice1 & made a bonfire ( ! pap]s4 ,! ,po/ ,ma/] ,g5]al1 ) ! sanction ( ! ,presid5t1 also ha/5$ to _! relief1 &1 9 violation ( oa?s1 & laws1 & ! con/itution1 e/abli%$ t5 ?\s& c5sors ( ! press1 ea* "o ( :om 0 au?oriz$ to ab/ract f ! mail e pap] :i* he might ?9k too favorable to ! rights ( man4 ,= m ?an tw5ty ye>s1 petitions h be5 pres5t$ to ,congress1 = ! abolition ( slav]y 9 ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia4 ,! "r to pres5t !m1 & ! p[] ( ,congress to grant _! pray]1 71 until rec5tly1 unque/ion$4 ,b ! rapid multiplication ( ^! petitions al>m$ ! slavehold]s1 &1 kn[+ t !y t5d$ to keep alive at ! ,nor?1 an int]e/ 9 ! slave1 !y deem$ x good policy to disc\rage &1 if possible1 suppress all su* applications4 ,h5ce ,mr4 ,p9ckney's fam\s resolution1 9 #ahcf1 decl>+1 t all petitions1 or pap]s1 relat+ 9 any way1 or to any ext5t :atev] to ! subject ( slav]y1 %all1 )\t be+ pr9t$ or ref]r$1 be laid on ! table2 & no fur!r action1 :atev] %all be _h !reon6 ,! peculi> atrocity ( ?is resolution 01 t x n m]ely trampl$ ^u ! rights ( ! petition]s1 b took f ea* memb] ( ! ,h\se 8 und\bt$ privilege1 z a legislator ( ! ,di/rict1 to introduce any proposition he might ?9k prop]1 = ! protection ( ! slaves4 ,9 e ,slave ,/ate !re are laws af=d+1 at lea/1 "s nom9al protection to ^! unhappy be+s2 b1 accord+ to ?is resolution1 slaves might be flay$ alive 9 ! /reets ( ,wa%+ton1 & no repres5tative ( ! p c\ld (f] ev5 a resolution = inquiry4 ,& ?is vile outrage ^u con/itutional lib]ty 0 av[$ly p]petrat$ to repress agitation1 to allay excitem5t1 & re-e/abli% h>mony & tranquillity among ! v>i\s sections ( ! ,union66 ,b ?is /range opiate did n produce ! /upefy+ effects anticipat$ f x4 ,9 #ahcf1 ! petition]s 7 only #cg1jjj--! next session !y numb]$ #aaj1jjj4 ,mr4 ,hawes1 ( ,ky41 n[ essay$ to re/ore tranquillity1 by gagg+ ! uneasy multitude2 b1 alas6 at ! next ,congress1 m ?an #cjj1jjj petition]s c>ri$ new t]ror to ! he>ts ( ! slavehold]s4 ,! next anodyne 0 prescrib$ by ,mr4 ,patton1 ( ,va41 b its effect 0 to r\se f _! /upor "s ( ! ,nor!rn ,legislatures1 & to induce !m to d5\nce 8 rem$y z a usurpation ( p[]1 a violation ( ! ,con/itution1 subv]sive ( ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ! gov]nm5t1 & at w> ) ! pr]ogatives ( ! p4#aje ,x 0 n[ suppos$ t ! p mo/ be drugg$ by a nor!rn man1 & ,a!rton 0 f\nd a fit in/rum5t = ?is vile purpose2 b ! dose prov$ only ! m nause\s & excit+ f ! f\l h&s by :i* x 0 adm9i/]$4 ,footnote #aje3 ,resolutions ( ,massa*usetts & ,connecticut1 ,april & ,may1 #ahch4 ,9 ^! v>i\s outrages1 al?\gh all action on ! petitions 0 prohibit$1 ! pap]s !mselves 7 receiv$ & laid on ! table1 & !re=e x 0 cont5d$1 t ! "r ( petition _h be5 pres]v$ inviolate4 ,b ! slavehold]s1 madd5$ by ! failure ( all _! devices1 & fe>+ ! influ5ce :i* ! m]e sight ( ?\s&s & t5s ( ?\s&s ( petitions 9 behalf ( lib]ty1 w\ld ex]t1 &1 tak+ advantage ( ! approa*+ presid5tial election to op]ate ^u ! selfi%ness ( "s nor!rn memb]s1 h succe$$ 9 cru%+ ! "r ( petition itself4 ,t y may be ! m s5sible1 fell[ citiz5s1 ( ! exce$+ pr(ligacy ( ! late ,,rule & ( its palpable violation ( bo? ! _s & ! lett] ( ! ,con/itution1 :i* ^? :o vot$ = x _h sworn to support1 suff] u to recall to y\r recollection a few hi/orical facts4 ,! fram]s ( ! ,f$]al ,con/itution suppos$ ! "r ( petition too firmly e/abli%$ 9 ! habits & affections ( ! p1 to ne$ a con/itutional gu>antee4 ,_! omission to notice x1 r\s$ ! jeal\sy ( "s ( ! ,/ate conv5tions1 call$ to pass ^u ! con/itution4 ,! ,virg9ia conv5tion propos$1 z an am5dm5t1 t e freeman has a "r to petition1 or apply to ! ,legislature1 = a r$ress ( grievances4 ,& ?is am5dm5t1 ) o!rs1 0 ord]$ to be =w>d$ to ! diff]5t ,/ates1 = _! consid]ation4 ,! ,conv5tions ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,new ,york1 & ,rhode ,isl&1 7 held subsequ5tly1 &1 ( c\rse1 _h be=e !m ! ,virg9ia am5dm5t4 ,! ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,conv5tion adopt$ a decl>ation ( rights1 embrac+ ! v words ( ! propos$ am5dm5t2 & ?is decl>ation 0 ord]$ to be submitt$ to ,congress1 be=e t ,/ate w\ld ent] ! ,union4 ,! ,conv5tions ( ,new ,york & ( ,rhode ,isl& incorporat$ 9 _! c]tificates ( ratification1 ! ass]tion t ,e p]son has a "r to petition or apply to ! legislature = a r$ress ( grievances--us+ ! ,virg9ia phraseology1 m]ely sub/itut+ ! ^w p]son = freeman1 ?us claim+ ! "r ( petition ev5 = slaves2 :ile ,virg9ia & ,nor? ,c>ol9a conf9$ x to freem54 ,! fir/ ,congress1 assembl$ "u ! ,con/itution1 gave effect to ! wi%es ?us emphatically express$1 by propos+1 z an am5dm5t1 t ,congress %all make no law respect+ an e/abli%m5t ( religion1 or prohibit+ ! free ex]cise !re(1 or abridg+ ! fre$om ( ! press1 or ! "r ( ! p peaceably to assemble1 & to petition ,gov]nm5t = a r$ress ( grievances4 ,?is am5dm5t 0 duly ratifi$ by ! ,/ates1 & :5 memb]s ( ,congress swe> to support ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 !y are z mu* b\nd by _! oa? to refra9 f abridg+ ! "r ( petition1 z !y are to fulfil any o!r con/itutional obligation4 ,& w ! slavehold]s & _! abettors1 d>e to ma9ta9 t !y h n =esworn !mselves1 because !y h abridg$ ! "r ( ! p to petition = a r$ress ( grievances1 by a ,,rule ( ! ,h\se1 & n by a law8 ,if s1 !y may by a ,,rule require e memb]1 on tak+ 8 seat1 to subscribe ! cre$ ( a p>ticul> *ur*1 & !n call _! ,mak] to witness t !y are guiltless ( mak+ a law respect+ an e/abli%m5t ( religion1 or prohibit+ ! free ex]cise !re(4 ,! "r to petition is "o ?+1 & ! disposition ( a petition aft] x is receiv$1 is ano!r4 ,b ! new rule makes no disposition ( ! petitions2 x ,,prohibits ,,_! ,,reception2 !y may n be br\ght into ! legislative *amb]4 ,hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( ! p are deb>r$ all access to _! repres5tatives1 = ! purpose ( (f]+ !m a pray]4 ,x is said t ! manifold abom9ations p]petrat$ 9 ! ,di/rict are no grievances to ! petition]s1 & !re=e !y h no "r to ask = _! removal4 ,b ! "r gu>ante$ by ! ,con/itution1 is a "r to ask = ! r$ress ( grievances1 :e!r p]sonal1 social1 or moral4 ,& :o1 except a slavehold]1 w d>e to cont5d t x is no grievance t our ag5ts1 our repres5tatives1 our s]vants1 9 our "n & by our au?ority1 enact laws erect+ & lic5s+ m>kets 9 ! ,capital ( ! ,republic1 = ! sale ( human be+s1 & conv]t+ free m5 into slaves1 = no o!r crime1 ?an t ( be+ too poor to pay ,unit$ ,/ates' (fic]s ! ,,jail ,,fees accru+ f an iniquit\s imprisonm5t8 ,aga91 x is pret5d$ t ! objects pray$ =1 are palpably uncon/itutional1 & t !re=e ! petitions ought n to be receiv$4 ,& by :at au?ority are ! p depriv$ ( _! "r to petition = any object :i* a majority ( ei!r ,h\se ( ,congress1 = ! "t be+1 may please to reg>d z uncon/itutional8 ,if ?is usurpation be submitt$ to1 x w n be conf9$ to abolition petitions4 ,x is well kn[n t mo/ ( ! slavehold]s n[ insi/1 t all protect+ duties are uncon/itutional1 & t on acc\nt ( ! t>iff ! ,union 0 ne>ly r5t by ! v m5 :o are n[ horrifi$ by ! dang] to :i* x is expos$ by ^! petitions6 ,%\ld our ,nor!rn ,manufactur]s aga9 presume to ask ,congress to protect !m f =eign competition1 ! ,s\!rn memb]s w f9d a prec$5t1 sanction$ by ,nor!rn votes1 = a rule t no petition1 memorial1 resolution1 or o!r pap]1 pray+ = ! ,,imposition ,,( ,,duties ,,= ,,! ,,enc\ragem5t ,,( ,,manufactures1 %all be receiv$ by ! ,h\se1 or ent]ta9$ 9 any way :atev]4 ,x does inde$1 require ,s\!rn arrogance1 to ma9ta9 t1 al?\gh ,congress is inve/$ by ! ,con/itution ) exclusive jurisdiction1 9 all cases :atsoev]1 ov] ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 yet t x w\ld be s palpably uncon/itutional to aboli% ! slave-trade1 & to emancipate ! slaves 9 ! ,di/rict1 t petitions = ^! objects ought n to be receiv$4 ,yet ?is is ass]t$ 9 t v ,h\se1 on ^: m9utes is record$ a resolution1 9 #ahaf1 appo9t+ a committee1 ) p[] to s5d = p]sons & pap]s1 to inquire into ! exi/5ce ( an inhuman & illegal traffic 9 slaves1 c>ri$ on1 9 & ?r\gh ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 & report :e!r any1 & :at means are necess>y = putt+ a /op to ! same3 & ano!r1 9 #ahbi1 in/ruct+ ! ,committee on ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia to inquire into ! exp$i5cy ( provid+ by law1 = ! gradual abolition ( slav]y 9 ! ,di/rict4 ,9 ! v fir/ ,congress assembl$ "u ! ,f$]al ,con/itution1 petitions 7 pres5t$1 ask+ its int]position = ! mitigation ( ! evils1 & f9al abolition ( ! ,african slave-trade1 & also pray+ x1 z f> z x possess$ ! p[]1 to take measures = ! abolition ( slav]y4 ,^! petitions excit$ ! wra? & indignation ( _m ( ! slave-hold+ memb]s1 yet no "o ?\ght ( refus+ to receive !m4 ,!y 7 ref]r$ to a select committee1 at ! in/ance ( ,mr4 ,madison1 himself1 :o ent]$ into a critical review ( ! circum/ances respect+ ! adoption ( ! ,con/itution1 & ! ideas ^u ! limitation ( ! p[]s ( ,congress to int]f]e 9 ! regulation ( ! comm]ce ( slaves1 & %[$ t !y und\bt$ly 7 n preclud$ f int]pos+ 9 _! importation2 & g5]ally to regulate ! mode 9 :i* e species ( bus9ess %all be transact$4 ,he adv]t$ to ! we/]n c\ntry1 & ! ,cession ( ,georgia1 9 :i* ,congress h c]ta9ly ! p[] to regulate ! subject ( slav]y2 :i* %[s t g5tlem5 are mi/ak5 9 suppos+1 t ,congress _c con/itutionally int]f]e 9 ! bus9ess1 9 any degree1 :atev]4 ,he 0 9 favor ( committ+ ! petition1 & ju/ifi$ ! measure by repeat$ prec$5ts 9 ! proce$+s ( ! ,h\se4--,u4,s4 ,gazette1 #ag? ,feb41 #agij4 ,"h we f9d "o ( ! e>lie/ & able/ exp\nd]s ( ! ,con/itution1 ma9ta9+ ! p[] ( ,congress to regulate ! subject ( slav]y 9 ! national t]ritories1 & urg+ ! ref]5ce ( abolition petitions to a special committee4 ,! committee made a report2 = :i*1 aft] a long debate1 0 sub/itut$ a decl>ation1 by ! ,h\se1 t ,congress c\ld n aboli% ! slave trade prior to ! ye> #ahjh1 b _h a "r s to regulate x z to provide = ! humane treatm5t ( ! slaves on ! passage2 & t ,congress c\ld n int]f]e 9 ! emancipation or treatm5t ( slaves 9 ! ,/ates4 ,?is decl>ation gave entire satisfaction1 & no f>!r abolition petitions 7 pres5t$1 till aft] ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia _h be5 plac$ "u ! exclusive jurisdiction ( ! ,g5]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,y all rememb]1 fell[ citiz5s1 ! wide-spread excitem5t :i* a few ye>s s9ce prevail$ on ! subject ( ,,sunday ,,mails4 ,in/ead ( attempt+ to quiet ! agitation1 by outrag+ ! rights ( ! petition]s1 ,congress ref]r$ ! petitions to a committee1 & made no attempt to /ifle discussion4 ,:y1 !n1 we ask1 ) su* au?orities & prec$5ts be=e !m1 d ! slavehold]s 9 ,congress1 reg>dless ( _! oa?s1 /rive to gag ! fri5ds ( fre$om1 "u pret5ce ( allay+ agitation8 ,because consci5ce does make c[>ds ( !m all--because !y "k ! accurs$ sy/em !y are uphold+ w n be> ! light--because !y fe>1 if ^! petitions are discuss$1 ! abom9ations ( ! ,am]ican slave trade1 ! secrets ( ! prison-h\ses 9 ,wa%+ton & ,alex&ria1 & ! horrors ( ! human %ambles lic5s$ by ! au?ority ( ,congress1 w be expos$ to ! score & indignation ( ! civiliz$ _w4 ,unque/ionably ! late ,,rule surpasses1 9 its pr(ligate contempt ( con/itutional obligation1 any act 9 ! annals ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,z su* x might well /rike e patriot ) dismay1 7 x n t att5d+ circum/ances tea* u t x is ! expir+ ef=t ( desp]ation4 ,:5 we reflect on ! pa/ subs]vi5cy ( our nor!rn repres5tatives to ! m&ates ( ! slavehold]s1 we may well raise1 on ! pres5t occasion1 ! %\t ( triumph1 & hail ! vote on ! rec5t ,,rule z ! pl$ge ( a glori\s victory4 ,suff] u to recall to y\r recollection ! majorities by :i* ! successive attempts to cru% ! "r ( petition & ! fre$om ( debate h be5 c>ri$4 ,p9ckney's ,gag 0 pass$ ,may1 #ahcf1 by a majority ( #ea ,hawes's ,jan4 #ahcg1 #eh ,patton's ,dec4 #ahcg1 #dh ,a!rton's ,dec4 #ahch1 #dh ,,johnson's ,jan4 #ahdj1 #f ,surely1 :5 we f9d ! majority aga9/ u r$uc$ f #eh to #f1 we ne$ no new inc5tive to p]sev]ance4 ,ano!r circum/ance :i* m>ks ! progress ( con/itutional lib]ty1 is ! gradual dim9ution 9 ! numb] ( our nor!rn s]viles4 ,! votes f ! free ,/ates 9 favor ( ! sev]al gags 7 z foll[s3-- ,= ,p9ckney's #fb ,= ,hawes's #gj ,= ,patton's #eb ,= ,a!rton's #di ,= ,,johnson's #bh ,!re is also ano!r *e]+ fact connect$ ) ! passage ( ! ,,rule :i* des]ves to be notic$4 ,h]et(ore ! slavehold]s h uni=mly1 by en=c+ ! previ\s "q1 impos$ _! sev]al gags by a sil5t vote4 ,on ! pres5t occasion !y 7 twice baffl$ 9 _! ef=ts to /ifle debate1 & 71 = days toge!r1 compell$ to li/5 to spee*es on a subject :i* !y h s (t5 decl>$ %\ld n be discuss$4 ,a base /rife = s\!rn votes has hi!rto1 to no small ext5t1 enli/$ bo? ! political p>ties at ! nor? 9 ! s]vice ( ! slavehold]s4 ,! late unwont$ indep5d5ce ( nor!rn politicians1 & ! def]5ce paid by !m to ! wi%es ( _! own con/itu5ts1 9 pref]5ce to ^? ( _! s\!rn colleagues1 indicates ! advance ( public op9ion4 ,no less ?an #di nor!rn memb]s ( ! adm9i/ration p>ty vot$ = ! ,a!rton gag1 :ile only #bg d>$ to record _! names 9 favor ( ,johnson's2 & ( ! repres5tation ( ,,six ,/ates1 e vote 0 giv5 aga9/ ! rule1 )\t di/9ction ( p>ty4 ,! tone 9 :i* opposite political j\rnals d5\nce ! late outrage may w>n ! slavehold]s t !y w n mu* long] hold ! nor? 9 bonds4 ,! lead+ adm9i/ration pap] 9 ! city ( ,new ,york reg>ds ! ,,rule ) utt] abhorr5ce2 :ile ! (ficial pap] ( ! opposition1 edit$ by ! /ate pr9t]1 tru/s t ! names ( ! recreant nor!rn]s :o vot$ = x may be h&$ d[n to et]nal infamy & execration4 ,! advocates ( abolition are no long] consign$ to unmitigat$ contempt & obloquy4 ,pass+ by ! v>i\s liv+ illu/rations ( our rem>k1 we appeal = our pro(s to ! dead4 ,! late ,,william ,,leggett1 ! editor ( a ,democratic ,j\rnal 9 ! city ( ,new ,york1 0 d5\nc$1 9 #ahce1 by ! ,democratic ,republican ,g5]al ,committee1 = 8 abolition doctr9es4 ,f> f falt]+ 9 8 c\rse1 on acc\nt ( ! c5sure ( 8 own p>ty1 he exclaim$1 ) a pres5tim5t almo/ am\nt+ to prophecy1 ,! /ream ( public op9ion n[ sets aga9/ u1 b x is ab\t to turn1 & ! regurgitation w be trem5d\s4 ,pr\d 9 t day may well be ! man :o c float 9 triumph on ! fir/ reflu5t wave1 swept onw>d by ! deluge :i* he himself1 9 advance ( 8 fell[s1 _h l>gely %>$ 9 occasion+4 ,su* be my fate2 &1 liv+ or dy+1 x w 9 "s measure be m9e4 ,i h writt5 my "n 9 ineffaceable lett]s on ! abolition record4 ,& he did live to behold ! fir/ swell+ ( ! reflu5t wave4 ,! d5\nc$ abolitioni/ 0 honor$ by a democratic ,presid5t ) a diplomatic mission2 & s9ce 8 dea?1 ! resolution condemn+ him has be5 ,,expung$ f ! m9utes ( ! democratic committee4 ,( ! _m victims ( ! rec5t awful calamity 9 our wat]s1 :at "n has be5 mo/ frequ5tly utt]$ by ! pulpit & ! press 9 ! acc5ts ( lam5tation & panegyric8 ,on ^: tomb h fre$om1 philan?ropy1 & lett]s be5 invok$ to /rew _! fun]al wrea?s8 ,all :o h he>d ( ! loss ( ! ,lex+ton are famili> ) ! "n ( ,,*>les ,,foll54 ,& :o 0 he8 ,"o ( ! m5 (ficially d5\nc$ by ,presid5t ,jackson z a gang ( miscreants1 plott+ insurrection & murd]--&1 rec5tly1 a memb] ( ! ,executive ,committee ( ! ,am]ican ,anti-,slav]y ,society4 ,let u !n1 fell[ citiz5s1 9 view ( all ^! ?+s1 ?ank ,god & take c\rage4 ,we are n[ cont5d+1 n m]ely = ! emancipation ( our unhappy fell[ m51 kept 9 bondage "u ! au?ority ( our own repres5tatives--n m]ely = ! ov]?r[ ( ! human %ambles erect$ by ,congress on ! national doma9--b also = ! pres]vation ( ^? great con/itutional rights :i* 7 acquir$ by our fa!rs1 & are n[ assail$ by ! slavehold]s & _! nor!rn auxili>ies4 ,t y may rememb] ^! auxili>ies & avoid giv+ !m new opportunities ( betray+ y\r rights1 we annex a li/ ( _! di%onor$ names4 ,! foll[+ tw5ty-eight memb]s f ! ,free ,/ates vot$ 9 ! affirmative on ! rec5t ,,gag ,,rule4 ,,ma9e4 ,virgil ,d4 ,p>ris ,alb]t ,smi? ,,new ,,hamp%ire4 ,*>les ,g4 ,a!rton ,edmund ,burke ,ira ,a4 ,ea/man ,tri/ram ,%aw ,,new ,,york4 ,nehemiah ,h4 ,e>le ,john ,f9e ,na?aniel ,jones ,gov]neur ,kemble ,james de la ,montayne ,john ,h4 ,pr5tiss ,!ron ,r4 ,/rong ,,p5nsylvania4 ,john ,davis ,joseph ,=nance ,james ,g]ry ,george ,m',cull\gh ,david ,petrik5 ,william ,s4 ,ramsey ,,ohio4 ,d4,p4 ,leadbett] ,william ,m$ill ,isaac ,p>ri% ,george ,swe5ey ,jona?an ,taylor ,john ,b4 ,well] ,,indiana4 ,john ,davis ,george ,h4 ,pr(fit ,,ill9ois4 ,john ,reynolds4 ,let u turn to our m imm$iate repres5tatives1 & we tru/ m fai?ful s]vants4 ,our ,/ate ,legislatures w n refuse to he> our pray]s4 ,let u petition !m imm$iately to rebuke ! treason by :i* ! ,con/itution has be5 surr5d]$ into ! h&s ( ! slavehold]s--let u implore !m to dem& f ,congress1 9 ! "n ( ! free ,/ates1 t !y %all nei!r de/roy nor abridge ! "r ( petition--a "r )\t :i* our gov]nm5t w\ld be conv]t$ into a despotism4 ,we call on y1 fell[ citiz5s ( e religi\s fai? & p>ty "n1 to unite ) u 9 gu>d+ ! citadel ( our c\ntry's fre$om4 ,if !re are any :o w n co-op]ate ) u 9 labor+ = ! emancipation ( ! slave1 surely !re are none :o w /& alo( f u :ile cont5d+ = ! lib]ty ( !mselves1 _! *ildr51 & _! *ildr5's *ildr54 ,to ! rescue1 !n1 fell[ citiz5s6 &1 tru/+ 9 ,,him )\t :om all human ef=t is weakness1 let u n d\bt t our fai?ful endeavors to pres]ve ! rights ,,he has giv5 u w1 ?r\gh ,,8 bless+1 be cr[n$ ) success4 ,,ar?ur ,,tappan1 ,,james ,g4 ,,birney1 ,,jo%ua ,,leavitt1 ,,lewis ,,tappan1 ,,samuel ,e4 ,,corni%1 ,,simeon ,s4 ,,jocelyn1 ,,la ,,roy ,,sund]l&1 ,,!odore ,s4 ,,wright1 ,,duncan ,,dunb>1 ,,james ,s4 ,,gibbons1 ,,h5ry ,b4 ,,/anton ,executive ,committee ( ! ,am]ican ,anti-,slav]y ,society4 ,new ,york1 ,febru>y #ac1 #ahdj4