,transcrib$ f ! #aiji ,ar?ur ,l4 ,humphreys edition by ,david ,price1 email ccx#jgdpglaf4org ,picture3 ,book cov] ,,! ,,s\l ,,( ,,man 99 99 99 99 99 ,,london ,,ar?ur ,l4 ,,humpreys #aijj 99 99 99 99 99 ,second ,impression ,,! ,,s\l ,,( ,,man ,,! *ief advantage t w\ld result f ! e/abli%m5t ( ,socialism is1 und\bt$ly1 ! fact t ,socialism w\ld relieve u f t sordid necessity ( liv+ = o!rs :i*1 9 ! pres5t condition ( ?+s1 presses s h>dly ^u almo/ ev]ybody4 ,9 fact1 sc>cely anyone at all escapes4 ,n[ & !n1 9 ! c\rse ( ! c5tury1 a great man ( sci5ce1 l ,d>w92 a great poet1 l ,keats2 a f9e critical _s1 l ,m4 ,r5an2 a supreme arti/1 l ,flaub]t1 has be5 able to isolate himself1 to keep himself out ( rea* ( ! clamor\s claims ( o!rs1 to /& #8"u ! %elt] ( ! wall1' z ,plato puts x1 & s to realise ! p]fection ( :at 0 9 him1 to 8 own incomp>able ga91 & to ! incomp>able & la/+ ga9 ( ! :ole _w4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 are exceptions4 ,! majority ( p spoil _! lives by an unheal?y & exagg]at$ altruism--are =c$1 inde$1 s to spoil !m4 ,!y f9d !mselves surr\nd$ by hide\s pov]ty1 by hide\s ugl9ess1 by hide\s />vation4 ,x is inevitable t !y %\ld be /rongly mov$ by all ?is4 ,! emotions ( man are /irr$ m quickly ?an man's intellig5ce2 &1 z ,i po9t$ out "s "t ago 9 an article on ! function ( criticism1 x is mu* m easy to h sympa?y ) suff]+ ?an x is to h sympa?y ) ?\ght4 ,accord+ly1 ) admirable1 ?\gh misdirect$ int5tions1 !y v s]i\sly & v s5tim5tally set !mselves to ! task ( rem$y+ ! evils t !y see4 ,b _! rem$ies d n cure ! disease3 !y m]ely prolong x4 ,inde$1 _! rem$ies are "p ( ! disease4 ,!y try to solve ! problem ( pov]ty1 = in/ance1 by keep+ ! poor alive2 or1 9 ! case ( a v advanc$ s*ool1 by amus+ ! poor4 ,b ?is is n a solution3 x is an aggravation ( ! difficulty4 ,! prop] aim is to try & recon/ruct society on su* a basis t pov]ty w be impossible4 ,& ! altrui/ic virtues h really prev5t$ ! c>ry+ out ( ?is aim4 ,j z ! wor/ slave-own]s 7 ^? :o 7 k9d to _! slaves1 & s prev5t$ ! horror ( ! sy/em be+ realis$ by ^? :o suff]$ f x1 & und]/ood by ^? :o contemplat$ x1 s1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s 9 ,engl&1 ! p :o d mo/ h>m are ! p :o try to d mo/ good2 & at la/ we h _h ! spectacle ( m5 :o h really /udi$ ! problem & "k ! life--educat$ m5 :o live 9 ! ,ea/ ,end--com+ =w>d & implor+ ! community to re/ra9 its altrui/ic impulses ( *>ity1 b5evol5ce1 & ! l4 ,!y d s on ! gr\nd t su* *>ity degrades & demoralises4 ,!y are p]fectly "r4 ,*>ity creates a multitude ( s9s4 ,!re is also ?is to be said4 ,x is immoral to use private prop]ty 9 ord] to alleviate ! horrible evils t result f ! in/itution ( private prop]ty4 ,x is bo? immoral & unfair4 ,"u ,socialism all ?is w1 ( c\rse1 be alt]$4 ,!re w be no p liv+ 9 fetid d5s & fetid rags1 & br++ up unheal?y1 hung]-p9*$ *ildr5 9 ! mid/ ( impossible & absolutely repulsive surr\nd+s4 ,! security ( society w n dep5d1 z x does n[1 on ! /ate ( ! wea!r4 ,if a fro/ comes we %all n h a hundr$ ?\s& m5 out ( "w1 tramp+ ab\t ! /reets 9 a /ate ( disgu/+ mis]y1 or :9+ to _! neighb\rs = alms1 or cr[d+ r\nd ! doors ( loa?some %elt]s to try & secure a hun* ( bread & a night's unclean lodg+4 ,ea* memb] ( ! society w %>e 9 ! g5]al prosp]ity & happ9ess ( ! society1 & if a fro/ comes no "o w practically be any?+ ! worse4 ,^u ! o!r h&1 ,socialism itself w be ( value simply because x w lead to ,individualism4 ,socialism1 ,communism1 or :atev] "o *ooses to call x1 by conv]t+ private prop]ty into public weal?1 & sub/itut+ co-op]ation = competition1 w re/ore society to its prop] condition ( a ?or\ghly heal?y organism1 & insure ! mat]ial well-be+ ( ea* memb] ( ! community4 ,x w1 9 fact1 give ,life its prop] basis & its prop] environm5t4 ,b = ! full developm5t ( ,life to its highe/ mode ( p]fection1 some?+ m is ne$$4 ,:at is ne$$ is ,individualism4 ,if ! ,socialism is ,au?orit>ian2 if !re are ,gov]nm5ts arm$ ) economic p[] z !y are n[ ) political p[]2 if1 9 a ^w1 we are to h ,indu/rial ,tyrannies1 !n ! la/ /ate ( man w be worse ?an ! fir/4 ,at pres5t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! exi/5ce ( private prop]ty1 a great _m p are enabl$ to develop a c]ta9 v limit$ am\nt ( ,individualism4 ,!y are ei!r "u no necessity to "w = _! liv+1 or are enabl$ to *oose ! sph]e ( activity t is really cong5ial to !m1 & gives !m pleasure4 ,^! are ! poets1 ! philosoph]s1 ! m5 ( sci5ce1 ! m5 ( culture--9 a ^w1 ! real m51 ! m5 :o h realis$ !mselves1 & 9 :om all ,humanity ga9s a p>tial realisation4 ,^u ! o!r h&1 !re are a great _m p :o1 hav+ no private prop]ty ( _! own1 & be+ always on ! br9k ( %e] />vation1 are compell$ to d ! "w ( bea/s ( burd51 to d "w t is q uncong5ial to !m1 & to :i* !y are =c$ by ! p]emptory1 unreasonable1 degrad+ ,tyranny ( want4 ,^! are ! poor1 & among/ !m !re is no grace ( mann]1 or *>m ( spee*1 or civilisation1 or culture1 or ref9em5t 9 pleasures1 or joy ( life4 ,f _! collective =ce ,humanity ga9s mu* 9 mat]ial prosp]ity4 ,b x is only ! mat]ial result t x ga9s1 & ! man :o is poor is 9 himself absolutely ( no importance4 ,he is m]ely ! inf9itesimal atom ( a =ce t1 s f> f reg>d+ him1 cru%es him3 inde$1 pref]s him cru%$1 z 9 t case he is f> m ob$i5t4 ,( c\rse1 x might be said t ! ,individualism g5]at$ "u conditions ( private prop]ty is n always1 or ev5 z a rule1 ( a f9e or wond]ful type1 & t ! poor1 if !y h n culture & *>m1 h /ill _m virtues4 ,bo? ^! /atem5ts w\ld be q true4 ,! possession ( private prop]ty is v (t5 extremely demoralis+1 & t is1 ( c\rse1 "o ( ! reasons :y ,socialism wants to get rid ( ! in/itution4 ,9 fact1 prop]ty is really a nuisance4 ,"s ye>s ago p w5t ab\t ! c\ntry say+ t prop]ty has duties4 ,!y said x s (t5 & s t$i\sly t1 at la/1 ! ,*ur* has begun to say x4 ,"o he>s x n[ f e pulpit4 ,x is p]fectly true4 ,prop]ty n m]ely has duties1 b has s _m duties t its possession to any l>ge ext5t is a bore4 ,x involves endless claims ^u "o1 endless att5tion to bus9ess1 endless bo!r4 ,if prop]ty _h simply pleasures1 we c\ld /& x2 b its duties make x unbe>able4 ,9 ! int]e/ ( ! ri* we mu/ get rid ( x4 ,! virtues ( ! poor may be readily admitt$1 & are mu* to be regrett$4 ,we are (t5 told t ! poor are grateful = *>ity4 ,"s ( !m are1 no d\bt1 b ! be/ among/ ! poor are nev] grateful4 ,!y are ungrateful1 discont5t$1 disob$i5t1 & rebelli\s4 ,!y are q "r to be s4 ,*>ity !y feel to be a ridicul\sly inadequate mode ( p>tial re/itution1 or a s5tim5tal dole1 usually accompani$ by "s imp]t95t attempt on ! "p ( ! s5tim5tali/ to tyrannise ov] _! private lives4 ,:y %\ld !y be grateful = ! crumbs t fall f ! ri* man's table8 ,!y %\ld be seat$ at ! bo>d1 & are beg9n+ to "k x4 ,z = be+ discont5t$1 a man :o w\ld n be discont5t$ ) su* surr\nd+s & su* a l[ mode ( life w\ld be a p]fect brute4 ,disob$i5ce1 9 ! eyes ( anyone :o has read hi/ory1 is man's orig9al virtue4 ,x is ?r\gh disob$i5ce t progress has be5 made1 ?r\gh disob$i5ce & ?r\gh rebellion4 ,sometimes ! poor are prais$ = be+ ?rifty4 ,b to recomm5d ?rift to ! poor is bo? grotesque & insult+4 ,x is l advis+ a man :o is />v+ to eat less4 ,= a t[n or c\ntry lab\r] to practise ?rift w\ld be absolutely immoral4 ,man %\ld n be ready to %[ t he c live l a badly-f$ animal4 ,he %\ld decl9e to live l t1 & %\ld ei!r /eal or g on ! rates1 :i* is consid]$ by _m to be a =m ( /eal+4 ,z = begg+1 x is saf] to beg ?an to take1 b x is f9] to take ?an to beg4 ,no3 a poor man :o is ungrateful1 un?rifty1 discont5t$1 & rebelli\s1 is probably a real p]sonality1 & has mu* 9 him4 ,he is at any rate a heal?y prote/4 ,z = ! virtu\s poor1 "o c pity !m1 ( c\rse1 b "o _c possibly admire !m4 ,!y h made private t]ms ) ! enemy1 & sold _! bir?right = v bad pottage4 ,!y mu/ also be extraord9>ily /upid4 ,i c q und]/& a man accept+ laws t protect private prop]ty1 & admit ( its accumulation1 z long z he himself is able "u ^? conditions to realise "s =m ( beautiful & intellectual life4 ,b x is almo/ incr$ible to me h[ a man ^: life is m>r$ & made hide\s by su* laws c possibly acquiesce 9 _! cont9uance4 ,h[ev]1 ! explanation is n really difficult to f9d4 ,x is simply ?is4 ,mis]y & pov]ty are s absolutely degrad+1 & ex]cise su* a p>alys+ effect ov] ! nature ( m51 t no class is ev] really consci\s ( its own suff]+4 ,!y h to be told ( x by o!r p1 & !y (t5 entirely disbelieve !m4 ,:at is said by great employ]s ( lab\r aga9/ agitators is unque/ionably true4 ,agitators are a set ( int]f]+1 m$dl+ p1 :o come d[n to "s p]fectly cont5t$ class ( ! community1 & s[ ! se$s ( discont5t among/ !m4 ,t is ! reason :y agitators are s absolutely necess>y4 ,)\t !m1 9 our incomplete /ate1 !re w\ld be no advance t[>ds civilisation4 ,slav]y 0 put d[n 9 ,am]ica1 n 9 consequ5ce ( any action on ! "p ( ! slaves1 or ev5 any express desire on _! "p t !y %\ld be free4 ,x 0 put d[n entirely ?r\gh ! grossly illegal conduct ( c]ta9 agitators 9 ,bo/on & else:]e1 :o 7 n slaves !mselves1 nor own]s ( slaves1 nor _h any?+ to d ) ! "q really4 ,x 01 und\bt$ly1 ! ,abolitioni/s :o set ! tor* alight1 :o began ! :ole ?+4 ,& x is curi\s to note t f ! slaves !mselves !y receiv$1 n m]ely v little assi/ance1 b h>dly any sympa?y ev52 & :5 at ! close ( ! w> ! slaves f\nd !mselves free1 f\nd !mselves inde$ s absolutely free t !y 7 free to />ve1 _m ( !m bitt]ly regrett$ ! new /ate ( ?+s4 ,to ! ?9k]1 ! mo/ tragic fact 9 ! :ole ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution is n t ,m>ie ,anto9ette 0 kill$ = be+ a que51 b t ! />v$ peasant ( ! ,v5de volunt>ily w5t out to die = ! hide\s cause ( feudalism4 ,x is cle>1 !n1 t no ,au?orit>ian ,socialism w d4 ,= :ile "u ! pres5t sy/em a v l>ge numb] ( p c lead lives ( a c]ta9 am\nt ( fre$om & expression & happ9ess1 "u an indu/rial-b>rack sy/em1 or a sy/em ( economic tyranny1 nobody w\ld be able to h any su* fre$om at all4 ,x is to be regrett$ t a portion ( our community %\ld be practically 9 slav]y1 b to propose to solve ! problem by enslav+ ! entire community is *ildi%4 ,e man mu/ be left q free to *oose 8 own "w4 ,no =m ( compulsion mu/ be ex]cis$ ov] him4 ,if !re is1 8 "w w n be good = him1 w n be good 9 itself1 & w n be good = o!rs4 ,& by "w ,i simply mean activity ( any k9d4 ,i h>dly ?9k t any ,sociali/1 n[adays1 w\ld s]i\sly propose t an inspector %\ld call e morn+ at ea* h\se to see t ea* citiz5 rose up & did manual lab\r = eight h\rs4 ,humanity has got beyond t /age1 & res]ves su* a =m ( life = ! p :om1 9 a v arbitr>y mann]1 x *ooses to call crim9als4 ,b ,i confess t _m ( ! sociali/ic views t ,i h come across seem to me to be ta9t$ ) ideas ( au?ority1 if n ( actual compulsion4 ,( c\rse1 au?ority & compulsion are out ( ! "q4 ,all association mu/ be q volunt>y4 ,x is only 9 volunt>y associations t man is f9e4 ,b x may be ask$ h[ ,individualism1 :i* is n[ m or less dep5d5t on ! exi/5ce ( private prop]ty = its developm5t1 w b5efit by ! abolition ( su* private prop]ty4 ,! answ] is v simple4 ,x is true t1 "u exi/+ conditions1 a few m5 :o h _h private means ( _! own1 su* z ,byron1 ,%elley1 ,br[n+1 ,victor ,hugo1 ,baudelaire1 & o!rs1 h be5 able to realise _! p]sonality m or less completely4 ,n "o ( ^! m5 ev] did a s+le day's "w = hire4 ,!y 7 reliev$ f pov]ty4 ,!y _h an imm5se advantage4 ,! "q is :e!r x w\ld be = ! good ( ,individualism t su* an advantage %\ld be tak5 away4 ,let u suppose t x is tak5 away4 ,:at happ5s !n to ,individualism8 ,h[ w x b5efit8 ,x w b5efit 9 ?is way4 ,"u ! new conditions ,individualism w be f> fre]1 f> f9]1 & f> m int5sifi$ ?an x is n[4 ,i am n talk+ ( ! great imag9atively-realis$ ,individualism ( su* poets z ,i h m5tion$1 b ( ! great actual ,individualism lat5t & pot5tial 9 mank9d g5]ally4 ,= ! recognition ( private prop]ty has really h>m$ ,individualism1 & obscur$ x1 by confus+ a man ) :at he possesses4 ,x has l$ ,individualism entirely a/ray4 ,x has made ga9 n gr[? its aim4 ,s t man ?\ght t ! important ?+ 0 to h1 & did n "k t ! important ?+ is to be4 ,! true p]fection ( man lies1 n 9 :at man has1 b 9 :at man is4 ,private prop]ty has cru%$ true ,individualism1 & set up an ,individualism t is false4 ,x has deb>r$ "o "p ( ! community f be+ individual by />v+ !m4 ,x has deb>r$ ! o!r "p ( ! community f be+ individual by putt+ !m on ! wrong road1 & encumb]+ !m4 ,inde$1 s completely has man's p]sonality be5 absorb$ by 8 possessions t ! ,engli% law has always treat$ (f5ces aga9/ a man's prop]ty ) f> m sev]ity ?an (f5ces aga9/ 8 p]son1 & prop]ty is /ill ! te/ ( complete citiz5%ip4 ,! indu/ry necess>y = ! mak+ money is also v demoralis+4 ,9 a community l ours1 :]e prop]ty conf]s imm5se di/9ction1 social position1 hon\r1 respect1 titles1 & o!r pleasant ?+s ( ! k9d1 man1 be+ naturally ambiti\s1 makes x 8 aim to accumulate ?is prop]ty1 & goes on we>ily & t$i\sly accumulat+ x long aft] he has got f> m ?an he wants1 or c use1 or enjoy1 or p]haps ev5 "k (4 ,man w kill himself by ov]work 9 ord] to secure prop]ty1 & really1 consid]+ ! enorm\s advantages t prop]ty br+s1 "o is h>dly surpris$4 ,"o's regret is t society %\ld be con/ruct$ on su* a basis t man has be5 =c$ into a groove 9 :i* he _c freely develop :at is wond]ful1 & fasc9at+1 & delightful 9 him--9 :i*1 9 fact1 he misses ! true pleasure & joy ( liv+4 ,he is also1 "u exi/+ conditions1 v insecure4 ,an enorm\sly weal?y m]*ant may be--(t5 is--at e mom5t ( 8 life at ! m]cy ( ?+s t are n "u 8 control4 ,if ! w9d bl[s an extra po9t or s1 or ! wea!r sudd5ly *anges1 or "s trivial ?+ happ5s1 8 %ip may g d[n1 8 speculations may g wrong1 & he f9ds himself a poor man1 ) 8 social position q gone4 ,n[1 no?+ %\ld be able to h>m a man except himself4 ,no?+ %\ld be able to rob a man at all4 ,:at a man really has1 is :at is 9 him4 ,:at is outside ( him %\ld be a matt] ( no importance4 ,) ! abolition ( private prop]ty1 !n1 we %all h true1 beautiful1 heal?y ,individualism4 ,nobody w wa/e 8 life 9 accumulat+ ?+s1 & ! symbols = ?+s4 ,"o w live4 ,to live is ! r>e/ ?+ 9 ! _w4 ,mo/ p exi/1 t is all4 ,x is a "q :e!r we h ev] se5 ! full expression ( a p]sonality1 except on ! imag9ative plane ( art4 ,9 action1 we nev] h4 ,cs>1 says ,momms51 0 ! complete & p]fect man4 ,b h[ tragically insecure 0 ,cs>6 ,:]ev] !re is a man :o ex]cises au?ority1 !re is a man :o resi/s au?ority4 ,cs> 0 v p]fect1 b 8 p]fection travell$ by too dang]\s a road4 ,m>cus ,aurelius 0 ! p]fect man1 says ,r5an4 ,yes2 ! great emp]or 0 a p]fect man4 ,b h[ intol]able 7 ! endless claims ^u him6 ,he /agg]$ "u ! burd5 ( ! empire4 ,he 0 consci\s h[ inadequate "o man 0 to be> ! weight ( t ,titan & too va/ orb4 ,:at ,i mean by a p]fect man is "o :o develops "u p]fect conditions2 "o :o is n w\nd$1 or worri$ or maim$1 or 9 dang]4 ,mo/ p]sonalities h be5 oblig$ to be rebels4 ,half _! /r5g? has be5 wa/$ 9 friction4 ,byron's p]sonality1 = in/ance1 0 t]ribly wa/$ 9 its battle ) ! /upidity1 & hypocrisy1 & ,phili/9ism ( ! ,engli%4 ,su* battles d n always int5sify /r5g?3 !y (t5 exagg]ate weakness4 ,byron 0 nev] able to give u :at he might h giv5 u4 ,%elley escap$ bett]4 ,l ,byron1 he got out ( ,engl& z soon z possible4 ,b he 0 n s well kn[n4 ,if ! ,engli% _h _h any idea ( :at a great poet he really 01 !y w\ld h fall5 on him ) too? & nail1 & made 8 life z unbe>able to him z !y possibly c\ld4 ,b he 0 n a rem>kable figure 9 society1 & consequ5tly he escap$1 to a c]ta9 degree4 ,/ill1 ev5 9 ,%elley ! note ( rebellion is sometimes too /rong4 ,! note ( ! p]fect p]sonality is n rebellion1 b peace4 ,x w be a m>vell\s ?+--! true p]sonality ( man--:5 we see x4 ,x w gr[ naturally & simply1 fl[]like1 or z a tree gr[s4 ,x w n be at discord4 ,x w nev] argue or dispute4 ,x w n prove ?+s4 ,x w "k ev]y?+4 ,& yet x w n busy itself ab\t k4 ,x w h wisdom4 ,its value w n be measur$ by mat]ial ?+s4 ,x w h no?+4 ,& yet x w h ev]y?+1 & :atev] "o takes f x1 x w /ill h1 s ri* w x be4 ,x w n be always m$dl+ ) o!rs1 or ask+ !m to be l itself4 ,x w love !m because !y w be diff]5t4 ,& yet :ile x w n m$dle ) o!rs1 x w help all1 z a beautiful ?+ helps u1 by be+ :at x is4 ,! p]sonality ( man w be v wond]ful4 ,x w be z wond]ful z ! p]sonality ( a *ild4 ,9 its developm5t x w be assi/$ by ,*ri/ianity1 if m5 desire t2 b if m5 d n desire t1 x w develop none ! less surely4 ,= x w n worry itself ab\t ! pa/1 nor c>e :e!r ?+s happ5$ or did n happ54 ,nor w x admit any laws b its own laws2 nor any au?ority b its own au?ority4 ,yet x w love ^? :o s\ght to int5sify x1 & speak (t5 ( !m4 ,& ( ^! ,*ri/ 0 "o4 #8,"k ?yself' 0 writt5 ov] ! portal ( ! antique _w4 ,ov] ! portal ( ! new _w1 #8,be ?yself' %all be writt54 ,& ! message ( ,*ri/ to man 0 simply #8,be ?yself4' ,t is ! secret ( ,*ri/4 ,:5 ,jesus talks ab\t ! poor he simply means p]sonalities1 j z :5 he talks ab\t ! ri* he simply means p :o h n develop$ _! p]sonalities4 ,jesus mov$ 9 a community t all[$ ! accumulation ( private prop]ty j z ours does1 & ! gospel t he prea*$ 0 n t 9 su* a community x is an advantage = a man to live on scanty1 un:olesome food1 to we> ragg$1 un:olesome clo!s1 to sleep 9 horrid1 un:olesome dwell+s1 & a disadvantage = a man to live "u heal?y1 pleasant1 & dec5t conditions4 ,su* a view w\ld h be5 wrong !re & !n1 & w\ld1 ( c\rse1 be /ill m wrong n[ & 9 ,engl&2 = z man moves nor?w>d ! mat]ial necessities ( life become ( m vital importance1 & our society is inf9itely m complex1 & displays f> great] extremes ( luxury & paup]ism ?an any society ( ! antique _w4 ,:at ,jesus meant1 0 ?is4 ,he said to man1 #8,y h a wond]ful p]sonality4 ,develop x4 ,be y\rself4 ,don't imag9e t y\r p]fection lies 9 accumulat+ or possess+ ext]nal ?+s4 ,y\r affection is inside ( y4 ,if only y c\ld realise t1 y w\ld n want to be ri*4 ,ord9>y ri*es c be /ol5 f a man4 ,real ri*es _c4 ,9 ! treasury-h\se ( y\r s\l1 !re are inf9itely preci\s ?+s1 t may n be tak5 f y4 ,& s1 try to s %ape y\r life t ext]nal ?+s w n h>m y4 ,& try also to get rid ( p]sonal prop]ty4 ,x involves sordid preoccupation1 endless indu/ry1 cont9ual wrong4 ,p]sonal prop]ty h9d]s ,individualism at e /ep4' ,x is to be not$ t ,jesus nev] says t impov]i%$ p are necess>ily good1 or weal?y p necess>ily bad4 ,t w\ld n h be5 true4 ,weal?y p are1 z a class1 bett] ?an impov]i%$ p1 m moral1 m intellectual1 m well-behav$4 ,!re is only "o class 9 ! community t ?9ks m ab\t money ?an ! ri*1 & t is ! poor4 ,! poor c ?9k ( no?+ else4 ,t is ! mis]y ( be+ poor4 ,:at ,jesus does say is t man rea*es 8 p]fection1 n ?r\gh :at he has1 n ev5 ?r\gh :at he does1 b entirely ?r\gh :at he is4 ,& s ! weal?y "y man :o comes to ,jesus is repres5t$ z a ?or\ghly good citiz51 :o has brok5 none ( ! laws ( 8 /ate1 none ( ! comm&m5ts ( 8 religion4 ,he is q respectable1 9 ! ord9>y s5se ( t extraord9>y ^w4 ,jesus says to him1 #8,y %\ld give up private prop]ty4 ,x h9d]s y f realis+ y\r p]fection4 ,x is a drag ^u y4 ,x is a burd54 ,y\r p]sonality does n ne$ x4 ,x is )9 y1 & n outside ( y1 t y w f9d :at y really are1 & :at y really want4' ,to 8 own fri5ds he says ! same ?+4 ,he tells !m to be !mselves1 & n to be always worry+ ab\t o!r ?+s4 ,:at d o!r ?+s matt]8 ,man is complete 9 himself4 ,:5 !y g into ! _w1 ! _w w disagree ) !m4 ,t is inevitable4 ,! _w hates ,individualism4 ,b t is n to tr\ble !m4 ,!y are to be calm & self-c5tr$4 ,if a man takes _! cloak1 !y are to give him _! coat1 j to %[ t mat]ial ?+s are ( no importance4 ,if p abuse !m1 !y are n to answ] back4 ,:at does x signify8 ,! ?+s p say ( a man d n alt] a man4 ,he is :at he is4 ,public op9ion is ( no value :atsoev]4 ,ev5 if p employ actual viol5ce1 !y are n to be viol5t 9 turn4 ,t w\ld be to fall to ! same l[ level4 ,aft] all1 ev5 9 prison1 a man c be q free4 ,8 s\l c be free4 ,8 p]sonality c be untr\bl$4 ,he c be at peace4 ,&1 above all ?+s1 !y are n to int]f]e ) o!r p or judge !m 9 any way4 ,p]sonality is a v my/]i\s ?+4 ,a man _c always be e/imat$ by :at he does4 ,he may keep ! law1 & yet be wor?less4 ,he may break ! law1 & yet be f9e4 ,he may be bad1 )\t ev] do+ any?+ bad4 ,he may commit a s9 aga9/ society1 & yet realise ?r\gh t s9 8 true p]fection4 ,!re 0 a woman :o 0 tak5 9 adult]y4 ,we are n told ! hi/ory ( h] love1 b t love mu/ h be5 v great2 = ,jesus said t h] s9s 7 =giv5 h]1 n because %e rep5t$1 b because h] love 0 s int5se & wond]ful4 ,lat] on1 a %ort "t be=e 8 dea?1 z he sat at a fea/1 ! woman came 9 & p\r$ co/ly p]fumes on 8 hair4 ,8 fri5ds tri$ to int]f]e ) h]1 & said t x 0 an extravagance1 & t ! money t ! p]fume co/ %\ld h be5 exp5d$ on *>itable relief ( p 9 want1 or some?+ ( t k9d4 ,jesus did n accept t view4 ,he po9t$ out t ! mat]ial ne$s ( ,man 7 great & v p]man5t1 b t ! spiritual ne$s ( ,man 7 great] /ill1 & t 9 "o div9e mom5t1 & by select+ its own mode ( expression1 a p]sonality might make itself p]fect4 ,! _w wor%ips ! woman1 ev5 n[1 z a sa9t4 ,yes2 !re are sugge/ive ?+s 9 ,individualism4 ,socialism annihilates family life1 = in/ance4 ,) ! abolition ( private prop]ty1 m>riage 9 its pres5t =m mu/ disappe>4 ,?is is "p ( ! programme4 ,individualism accepts ?is & makes x f9e4 ,x conv]ts ! abolition ( legal re/ra9t into a =m ( fre$om t w help ! full developm5t ( p]sonality1 & make ! love ( man & woman m wond]ful1 m beautiful1 & m ennobl+4 ,jesus knew ?is4 ,he reject$ ! claims ( family life1 al?\gh !y exi/$ 9 8 day & community 9 a v m>k$ =m4 #8,:o is my "m8 ,:o are my bro!rs8' he said1 :5 he 0 told t !y wi%$ to speak to him4 ,:5 "o ( 8 foll[]s ask$ leave to g & bury 8 fa!r1 #8,let ! dead bury ! dead1' 0 8 t]rible answ]4 ,he w\ld all[ no claim :atsoev] to be made on p]sonality4 ,& s he :o w\ld lead a ,*ri/like life is he :o is p]fectly & absolutely himself4 ,he may be a great poet1 or a great man ( sci5ce2 or a "y /ud5t at a ,univ]sity1 or "o :o wat*es %eep ^u a moor2 or a mak] ( dramas1 l ,%akespe>e1 or a ?9k] ab\t ,god1 l ,sp9oza2 or a *ild :o plays 9 a g>d51 or a fi%]man :o ?r[s 8 net into ! sea4 ,x does n matt] :at he is1 z long z he realises ! p]fection ( ! s\l t is )9 him4 ,all imitation 9 morals & 9 life is wrong4 ,?r\gh ! /reets ( ,j]usalem at ! pres5t day crawls "o :o is mad & c>ries a wood5 cross on 8 %\ld]s4 ,he is a symbol ( ! lives t are m>r$ by imitation4 ,fa!r ,dami5 0 ,*ri/like :5 he w5t out to live ) ! lep]s1 because 9 su* s]vice he realis$ fully :at 0 be/ 9 him4 ,b he 0 n m ,*ri/like ?an ,wagn] :5 he realis$ 8 s\l 9 music2 or ?an ,%elley1 :5 he realis$ 8 s\l 9 song4 ,!re is no "o type = man4 ,!re are z _m p]fections z !re are imp]fect m54 ,& :ile to ! claims ( *>ity a man may yield & yet be free1 to ! claims ( con=mity no man may yield & rema9 free at all4 ,individualism1 !n1 is :at ?r\gh ,socialism we are to atta9 to4 ,z a natural result ! ,/ate mu/ give up all idea ( gov]nm5t4 ,x mu/ give x up because1 z a wise man once said _m c5turies be=e ,*ri/1 !re is su* a ?+ z leav+ mank9d alone2 !re is no su* ?+ z gov]n+ mank9d4 ,all modes ( gov]nm5t are failures4 ,despotism is unju/ to ev]ybody1 includ+ ! despot1 :o 0 probably made = bett] ?+s4 ,olig>*ies are unju/ to ! _m1 & o*locracies are unju/ to ! few4 ,high hopes 7 once =m$ ( democracy2 b democracy means simply ! bludgeon+ ( ! p by ! p = ! p4 ,x has be5 f\nd out4 ,i mu/ say t x 0 high "t1 = all au?ority is q degrad+4 ,x degrades ^? :o ex]cise x1 & degrades ^? ov] :om x is ex]cis$4 ,:5 x is viol5tly1 grossly1 & cruelly us$1 x produces a good effect1 by creat+1 or at any rate br++ out1 ! _s ( revolt & ,individualism t is to kill x4 ,:5 x is us$ ) a c]ta9 am\nt ( k9dness1 & accompani$ by prizes & rew>ds1 x is dreadfully demoralis+4 ,p1 9 t case1 are less consci\s ( ! horrible pressure t is be+ put on !m1 & s g ?r\gh _! lives 9 a sort ( co>se com=t1 l pett$ animals1 )\t ev] realis+ t !y are probably ?9k+ o!r p's ?\ghts1 liv+ by o!r p's /&>ds1 we>+ practically :at "o may call o!r p's second-h& clo!s1 & nev] be+ !mselves = a s+le mom5t4 #8,he :o w\ld be free1' says a f9e ?9k]1 #8mu/ n con=m4' ,& au?ority1 by brib+ p to con=m1 produces a v gross k9d ( ov]-f$ b>b>ism among/ u4 ,) au?ority1 puni%m5t w pass away4 ,?is w be a great ga9--a ga91 9 fact1 ( incalculable value4 ,z "o reads hi/ory1 n 9 ! expurgat$ editions writt5 = s*ool-boys & passm51 b 9 ! orig9al au?orities ( ea* "t1 "o is absolutely sick5$1 n by ! crimes t ! wick$ h committ$1 b by ! puni%m5ts t ! good h inflict$2 & a community is inf9itely m brutalis$ by ! habitual employm5t ( puni%m5t1 ?an x is by ! occurr5ce ( crime4 ,x obvi\sly foll[s t ! m puni%m5t is inflict$ ! m crime is produc$1 & mo/ mod]n legislation has cle>ly recognis$ ?is1 & has made x its task to dim9i% puni%m5t z f> z x ?9ks x c4 ,:]ev] x has really dim9i%$ x1 ! results h always be5 extremely good4 ,! less puni%m5t1 ! less crime4 ,:5 !re is no puni%m5t at all1 crime w ei!r cease to exi/1 or1 if x occurs1 w be treat$ by physicians z a v di/ress+ =m ( dem5tia1 to be cur$ by c>e & k9dness4 ,= :at are call$ crim9als n[adays are n crim9als at all4 ,/>vation1 & n s91 is ! p>5t ( mod]n crime4 ,t inde$ is ! reason :y our crim9als are1 z a class1 s absolutely un9t]e/+ f any psy*ological po9t ( view4 ,!y are n m>vell\s ,macbe?s & t]rible ,vautr9s4 ,!y are m]ely :at ord9>y1 respectable1 commonplace p w\ld be if !y _h n got en\gh to eat4 ,:5 private prop]ty is aboli%$ !re w be no necessity = crime1 no dem& = x2 x w cease to exi/4 ,( c\rse1 all crimes are n crimes aga9/ prop]ty1 ?\gh su* are ! crimes t ! ,engli% law1 valu+ :at a man has m ?an :at a man is1 puni%es ) ! h>%e/ & mo/ horrible sev]ity1 if we except ! crime ( murd]1 & reg>d dea? z worse ?an p5al s]vitude1 a po9t on :i* our crim9als1 ,i believe1 disagree4 ,b ?\gh a crime may n be aga9/ prop]ty1 x may spr+ f ! mis]y & rage & depression produc$ by our wrong sy/em ( prop]ty-hold+1 & s1 :5 t sy/em is aboli%$1 w disappe>4 ,:5 ea* memb] ( ! community has suffici5t = 8 wants1 & is n int]f]$ ) by 8 neighb\r1 x w n be an object ( any int]e/ to him to int]f]e ) anyone else4 ,jeal\sy1 :i* is an extraord9>y s\rce ( crime 9 mod]n life1 is an emotion closely b\nd up ) our conceptions ( prop]ty1 & "u ,socialism & ,individualism w die out4 ,x is rem>kable t 9 communi/ic tribes jeal\sy is entirely unkn[n4 ,n[ z ! ,/ate is n to gov]n1 x may be ask$ :at ! ,/ate is to d4 ,! ,/ate is to be a volunt>y association t w organise lab\r1 & be ! manufactur] & di/ributor ( necess>y commodities4 ,! ,/ate is to make :at is useful4 ,! individual is to make :at is beautiful4 ,& z ,i h m5tion$ ! ^w lab\r1 ,i _c help say+ t a great deal ( nons5se is be+ writt5 & talk$ n[adays ab\t ! dignity ( manual lab\r4 ,!re is no?+ necess>ily dignifi$ ab\t manual lab\r at all1 & mo/ ( x is absolutely degrad+4 ,x is m5tally & morally injuri\s to man to d any?+ 9 :i* he does n f9d pleasure1 & _m =ms ( lab\r are q pleasureless activities1 & %\ld be reg>d$ z su*4 ,to sweep a slu%y cross+ = eight h\rs1 on a day :5 ! ea/ w9d is bl[+ is a disgu/+ occupation4 ,to sweep x ) m5tal1 moral1 or physical dignity seems to me to be impossible4 ,to sweep x ) joy w\ld be appall+4 ,man is made = some?+ bett] ?an di/urb+ dirt4 ,all "w ( t k9d %\ld be done by a ma*9e4 ,& ,i h no d\bt t x w be s4 ,up to ! pres5t1 man has be51 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 ! slave ( ma*9]y1 & !re is some?+ tragic 9 ! fact t z soon z man _h inv5t$ a ma*9e to d 8 "w he began to />ve4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is1 ( c\rse1 ! result ( our prop]ty sy/em & our sy/em ( competition4 ,"o man owns a ma*9e :i* does ! "w ( five hundr$ m54 ,five hundr$ m5 are1 9 consequ5ce1 ?r[n out ( employm5t1 &1 hav+ no "w to d1 become hungry & take to ?iev+4 ,! "o man secures ! produce ( ! ma*9e & keeps x1 & has five hundr$ times z mu* z he %\ld h1 & probably1 :i* is ( mu* m importance1 a great deal m ?an he really wants4 ,7 t ma*9e ! prop]ty ( all1 e "o w\ld b5efit by x4 ,x w\ld be an imm5se advantage to ! community4 ,all un9tellectual lab\r1 all monoton\s1 dull lab\r1 all lab\r t deals ) dreadful ?+s1 & involves unpleasant conditions1 mu/ be done by ma*9]y4 ,ma*9]y mu/ "w = u 9 coal m9es1 & d all sanit>y s]vices1 & be ! /ok] ( /eam]s1 & clean ! /reets1 & run messages on wet days1 & d any?+ t is t$i\s or di/ress+4 ,at pres5t ma*9]y competes aga9/ man4 ,"u prop] conditions ma*9]y w s]ve man4 ,!re is no d\bt at all t ?is is ! future ( ma*9]y1 & j z trees gr[ :ile ! c\ntry g5tleman is asleep1 s :ile ,humanity w be amus+ itself1 or enjoy+ cultivat$ leisure--:i*1 & n lab\r1 is ! aim ( man--or mak+ beautiful ?+s1 or read+ beautiful ?+s1 or simply contemplat+ ! _w ) admiration & delight1 ma*9]y w be do+ all ! necess>y & unpleasant "w4 ,! fact is1 t civilisation requires slaves4 ,! ,greeks 7 q "r !re4 ,unless !re are slaves to d ! ugly1 horrible1 un9t]e/+ "w1 culture & contemplation become almo/ impossible4 ,human slav]y is wrong1 insecure1 & demoralis+4 ,on me*anical slav]y1 on ! slav]y ( ! ma*9e1 ! future ( ! _w dep5ds4 ,& :5 sci5tific m5 are no long] call$ ^u to g d[n to a depress+ ,ea/ ,end & di/ribute bad cocoa & worse blankets to />v+ p1 !y w h delightful leisure 9 :i* to devise wond]ful & m>vell\s ?+s = _! own joy & ! joy ( ev]yone else4 ,!re w be great /orages ( =ce = e city1 & = e h\se if requir$1 & ?is =ce man w conv]t into heat1 light1 or motion1 accord+ to 8 ne$s4 ,is ?is ,utopian8 ,a map ( ! _w t does n include ,utopia is n wor? ev5 glanc+ at1 = x leaves out ! "o c\ntry at :i* ,humanity is always l&+4 ,& :5 ,humanity l&s !re1 x looks out1 &1 see+ a bett] c\ntry1 sets sail4 ,progress is ! realisation ( ,utopias4 ,n[1 ,i h said t ! community by means ( organisation ( ma*9]y w supply ! useful ?+s1 & t ! beautiful ?+s w be made by ! individual4 ,?is is n m]ely necess>y1 b x is ! only possible way by :i* we c get ei!r ! "o or ! o!r4 ,an individual :o has to make ?+s = ! use ( o!rs1 & ) ref]5ce to _! wants & _! wi%es1 does n "w ) int]e/1 & consequ5tly _c put into 8 "w :at is be/ 9 him4 ,^u ! o!r h&1 :5ev] a community or a p[]ful section ( a community1 or a gov]nm5t ( any k9d1 attempts to dictate to ! arti/ :at he is to d1 ,art ei!r entirely vani%es1 or becomes /]eotyp$1 or deg5]ates into a l[ & ignoble =m ( craft4 ,a "w ( art is ! unique result ( a unique temp]am5t4 ,its beauty comes f ! fact t ! au?or is :at he is4 ,x has no?+ to d ) ! fact t o!r p want :at !y want4 ,inde$1 ! mom5t t an arti/ takes notice ( :at o!r p want1 & tries to supply ! dem&1 he ceases to be an arti/1 & becomes a dull or an amus+ craftsman1 an hone/ or a di%one/ tradesman4 ,he has no fur!r claim to be consid]$ z an arti/4 ,art is ! mo/ int5se mode ( ,individualism t ! _w has kn[n4 ,i am incl9$ to say t x is ! only real mode ( ,individualism t ! _w has kn[n4 ,crime1 :i*1 "u c]ta9 conditions1 may seem to h creat$ ,individualism1 mu/ take cognisance ( o!r p & int]f]e ) !m4 ,x belongs to ! sph]e ( action4 ,b alone1 )\t any ref]5ce to 8 neighb\rs1 )\t any int]f]5ce1 ! arti/ c fa%ion a beautiful ?+2 & if he does n d x solely = 8 own pleasure1 he is n an arti/ at all4 ,& x is to be not$ t x is ! fact t ,art is ?is int5se =m ( ,individualism t makes ! public try to ex]cise ov] x 9 an au?ority t is z immoral z x is ridicul\s1 & z corrupt+ z x is contemptible4 ,x is n q _! fault4 ,! public has always1 & 9 e age1 be5 badly br\ght up4 ,!y are cont9ually ask+ ,art to be popul>1 to please _! want ( ta/e1 to flatt] _! absurd vanity1 to tell !m :at !y h be5 told be=e1 to %[ !m :at !y ought to be tir$ ( see+1 to amuse !m :5 !y feel heavy aft] eat+ too mu*1 & to di/ract _! ?\ghts :5 !y are we>i$ ( _! own /upidity4 ,n[ ,art %\ld nev] try to be popul>4 ,! public %\ld try to make itself arti/ic4 ,!re is a v wide diff]5ce4 ,if a man ( sci5ce 7 told t ! results ( 8 exp]im5ts1 & ! conclusions t he arriv$ at1 %\ld be ( su* a "* t !y w\ld n upset ! receiv$ popul> notions on ! subject1 or di/urb popul> prejudice1 or hurt ! s5sibilities ( p :o knew no?+ ab\t sci5ce2 if a philosoph] 7 told t he _h a p]fect "r to speculate 9 ! highe/ sph]es ( ?\ght1 provid$ t he arriv$ at ! same conclusions z 7 held by ^? :o _h nev] ?\ght 9 any sph]e at all--well1 n[adays ! man ( sci5ce & ! philosoph] w\ld be consid]ably amus$4 ,yet x is really a v few ye>s s9ce bo? philosophy & sci5ce 7 subject$ to brutal popul> control1 to au?ority 9 fact--! au?ority ( ei!r ! g5]al ignorance ( ! community1 or ! t]ror & gre$ = p[] ( an ecclesia/ical or gov]nm5tal class4 ,( c\rse1 we h to a v great ext5t got rid ( any attempt on ! "p ( ! community1 or ! ,*ur*1 or ! ,gov]nm5t1 to int]f]e ) ! individualism ( speculative ?\ght1 b ! attempt to int]f]e ) ! individualism ( imag9ative art /ill l+]s4 ,9 fact1 x does m ?an l+]2 x is aggressive1 (f5sive1 & brutalis+4 ,9 ,engl&1 ! arts t h escap$ be/ are ! arts 9 :i* ! public take no int]e/4 ,poetry is an in/ance ( :at ,i mean4 ,we h be5 able to h f9e poetry 9 ,engl& because ! public d n read x1 & consequ5tly d n influ5ce x4 ,! public l to insult poets because !y are individual1 b once !y h insult$ !m1 !y leave !m alone4 ,9 ! case ( ! novel & ! drama1 arts 9 :i* ! public d take an int]e/1 ! result ( ! ex]cise ( popul> au?ority has be5 absolutely ridicul\s4 ,no c\ntry produces su* badly-writt5 fiction1 su* t$i\s1 common "w 9 ! novel =m1 su* silly1 vulg> plays z ,engl&4 ,x mu/ necess>ily be s4 ,! popul> /&>d is ( su* a "* t no arti/ c get to x4 ,x is at once too easy & too difficult to be a popul> noveli/4 ,x is too easy1 because ! requirem5ts ( ! public z f> z plot1 /yle1 psy*ology1 treatm5t ( life1 & treatm5t ( lit]ature are conc]n$ are )9 ! rea* ( ! v meane/ capacity & ! mo/ uncultivat$ m9d4 ,x is too difficult1 because to meet su* requirem5ts ! arti/ w\ld h to d viol5ce to 8 temp]am5t1 w\ld h to write n = ! arti/ic joy ( writ+1 b = ! amusem5t ( half-educat$ p1 & s w\ld h to suppress 8 individualism1 =get 8 culture1 annihilate 8 /yle1 & surr5d] ev]y?+ t is valuable 9 him4 ,9 ! case ( ! drama1 ?+s are a little bett]3 ! !atre-go+ public l ! obvi\s1 x is true1 b !y d n l ! t$i\s2 & burlesque & f>cical com$y1 ! two mo/ popul> =ms1 are di/9ct =ms ( art4 ,delightful "w may be produc$ "u burlesque & f>cical conditions1 & 9 "w ( ?is k9d ! arti/ 9 ,engl& is all[$ v great fre$om4 ,x is :5 "o comes to ! high] =ms ( ! drama t ! result ( popul> control is se54 ,! "o ?+ t ! public dislike is novelty4 ,any attempt to ext5d ! subject-matt] ( art is extremely di/a/eful to ! public2 & yet ! vitality & progress ( art dep5d 9 a l>ge measure on ! cont9ual ext5sion ( subject-matt]4 ,! public dislike novelty because !y are afraid ( x4 ,x repres5ts to !m a mode ( ,individualism1 an ass]tion on ! "p ( ! arti/ t he selects 8 own subject1 & treats x z he *ooses4 ,! public are q "r 9 _! attitude4 ,art is ,individualism1 & ,individualism is a di/urb+ & dis9tegrat+ =ce4 ,!re9 lies its imm5se value4 ,= :at x seeks to di/urb is monotony ( type1 slav]y ( cu/om1 tyranny ( habit1 & ! r$uction ( man to ! level ( a ma*9e4 ,9 ,art1 ! public accept :at has be51 because !y _c alt] x1 n because !y appreciate x4 ,!y swall[ _! classics :ole1 & nev] ta/e !m4 ,!y endure !m z ! inevitable1 & z !y _c m> !m1 !y m\? ab\t !m4 ,/rangely en\gh1 or n /rangely1 accord+ to "o's own views1 ?is acceptance ( ! classics does a great deal ( h>m4 ,! uncritical admiration ( ! ,bible & ,%akespe>e 9 ,engl& is an in/ance ( :at ,i mean4 ,) reg>d to ! ,bible1 consid]ations ( ecclesia/ical au?ority ent] into ! matt]1 s t ,i ne$ n dwell ^u ! po9t4 ,b 9 ! case ( ,%akespe>e x is q obvi\s t ! public really see nei!r ! beauties nor ! defects ( 8 plays4 ,if !y saw ! beauties1 !y w\ld n object to ! developm5t ( ! drama2 & if !y saw ! defects1 !y w\ld n object to ! developm5t ( ! drama ei!r4 ,! fact is1 ! public make use ( ! classics ( a c\ntry z a means ( *eck+ ! progress ( ,art4 ,!y degrade ! classics into au?orities4 ,!y use !m z bludgeons = prev5t+ ! free expression ( ,beauty 9 new =ms4 ,!y are always ask+ a writ] :y he does n write l somebody else1 or a pa9t] :y he does n pa9t l somebody else1 q oblivi\s ( ! fact t if ei!r ( !m did any?+ ( ! k9d he w\ld cease to be an arti/4 ,a fre% mode ( ,beauty is absolutely di/a/eful to !m1 & :5ev] x appe>s !y get s angry1 & bewild]$ t !y always use two /upid expressions--"o is t ! "w ( art is grossly un9telligible2 ! o!r1 t ! "w ( art is grossly immoral4 ,:at !y mean by ^! words seems to me to be ?is4 ,:5 !y say a "w is grossly un9telligible1 !y mean t ! arti/ has said or made a beautiful ?+ t is new2 :5 !y describe a "w z grossly immoral1 !y mean t ! arti/ has said or made a beautiful ?+ t is true4 ,! =m] expression has ref]5ce to /yle2 ! latt] to subject-matt]4 ,b !y probably use ! words v vaguely1 z an ord9>y mob w use ready-made pav+-/ones4 ,!re is n a s+le real poet or prose-writ] ( ?is c5tury1 = in/ance1 on :om ! ,briti% public h n solemnly conf]r$ diplomas ( immorality1 & ^! diplomas practically take ! place1 ) u1 ( :at 9 ,france1 is ! =mal recognition ( an ,academy ( ,lett]s1 & =tunately make ! e/abli%m5t ( su* an in/itution q unnecess>y 9 ,engl&4 ,( c\rse1 ! public are v reckless 9 _! use ( ! ^w4 ,t !y %\ld h call$ ,wordswor? an immoral poet1 0 only to be expect$4 ,wordswor? 0 a poet4 ,b t !y %\ld h call$ ,*>les ,k+sley an immoral noveli/ is extraord9>y4 ,k+sley's prose 0 n ( a v f9e quality4 ,/ill1 !re is ! ^w1 & !y use x z be/ !y c4 ,an arti/ is1 ( c\rse1 n di/urb$ by x4 ,! true arti/ is a man :o believes absolutely 9 himself1 because he is absolutely himself4 ,b ,i c fancy t if an arti/ produc$ a "w ( art 9 ,engl& t imm$iately on its appe>ance 0 recognis$ by ! public1 ?r\gh _! m$ium1 :i* is ! public press1 z a "w t 0 q intelligible & highly moral1 he w\ld beg9 to s]i\sly "q :e!r 9 its creation he _h really be5 himself at all1 & consequ5tly :e!r ! "w 0 n q unwor?y ( him1 & ei!r ( a ?or\ghly second-rate ord]1 or ( no arti/ic value :atsoev]4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 ,i h wrong$ ! public 9 limit+ !m to su* words z #8immoral1' #8un9telligible1' #8exotic1' & #8unheal?y4' ,!re is "o o!r ^w t !y use4 ,t ^w is #8morbid4' ,!y d n use x (t54 ,! mean+ ( ! ^w is s simple t !y are afraid ( us+ x4 ,/ill1 !y use x sometimes1 &1 n[ & !n1 "o comes across x 9 popul> newspap]s4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 a ridicul\s ^w to apply to a "w ( art4 ,= :at is morbidity b a mood ( emotion or a mode ( ?\ght t "o _c express8 ,! public are all morbid1 because ! public c nev] f9d expression = any?+4 ,! arti/ is nev] morbid4 ,he expresses ev]y?+4 ,he /&s outside 8 subject1 & ?r\gh its m$ium produces incomp>able & arti/ic effects4 ,to call an arti/ morbid because he deals ) morbidity z 8 subject-matt] is z silly z if "o call$ ,%akespe>e mad because he wrote #8,k+ ,le>4' ,on ! :ole1 an arti/ 9 ,engl& ga9s some?+ by be+ attack$4 ,8 individuality is int5sifi$4 ,he becomes m completely himself4 ,( c\rse1 ! attacks are v gross1 v imp]t95t1 & v contemptible4 ,b !n no arti/ expects grace f ! vulg> m9d1 or /yle f ! suburban intellect4 ,vulg>ity & /upidity are two v vivid facts 9 mod]n life4 ,"o regrets !m1 naturally4 ,b !re !y are4 ,!y are subjects = /udy1 l ev]y?+ else4 ,& x is only fair to /ate1 ) reg>d to mod]n j\rnali/s1 t !y always apologise to "o 9 private = :at !y h writt5 aga9/ "o 9 public4 ,)9 ! la/ few ye>s two o!r adjectives1 x may be m5tion$1 h be5 add$ to ! v limit$ vocabul>y ( art-abuse t is at ! disposal ( ! public4 ,"o is ! ^w #8unheal?y1' ! o!r is ! ^w #8exotic4' ,! latt] m]ely expresses ! rage ( ! mom5t>y mu%room aga9/ ! immortal1 entranc+1 & exquisitely lovely or*id4 ,x is a tribute1 b a tribute ( no importance4 ,! ^w #8unheal?y1' h[ev]1 admits ( analysis4 ,x is a r int]e/+ ^w4 ,9 fact1 x is s int]e/+ t ! p :o use x d n "k :at x means4 ,:at does x mean8 ,:at is a heal?y1 or an unheal?y "w ( art8 ,all t]ms t "o applies to a "w ( art1 provid$ t "o applies !m rationally1 h ref]5ce to ei!r its /yle or its subject1 or to bo? toge!r4 ,f ! po9t ( view ( /yle1 a heal?y "w ( art is "o ^: /yle recognises ! beauty ( ! mat]ial x employs1 be t mat]ial "o ( words or ( bronze1 ( col\r or ( ivory1 & uses t beauty z a factor 9 produc+ ! /hetic effect4 ,f ! po9t ( view ( subject1 a heal?y "w ( art is "o ! *oice ( ^: subject is condition$ by ! temp]am5t ( ! arti/1 & comes directly out ( x4 ,9 f9e1 a heal?y "w ( art is "o t has bo? p]fection & p]sonality4 ,( c\rse1 =m & sub/ance _c be sep>at$ 9 a "w ( art2 !y are always "o4 ,b = purposes ( analysis1 & sett+ ! :ol5ess ( /hetic impression aside = a mom5t1 we c intellectually s sep>ate !m4 ,an unheal?y "w ( art1 on ! o!r h&1 is a "w ^: /yle is obvi\s1 old-fa%ion$1 & common1 & ^: subject is delib]ately *os51 n because ! arti/ has any pleasure 9 x1 b because he ?9ks t ! public w pay him = x4 ,9 fact1 ! popul> novel t ! public calls heal?y is always a ?or\ghly unheal?y production2 & :at ! public call an unheal?y novel is always a beautiful & heal?y "w ( art4 ,i ne$ h>dly say t ,i am n1 = a s+le mom5t1 compla9+ t ! public & ! public press misuse ^! words4 ,i d n see h[1 ) _! lack ( compreh5sion ( :at ,art is1 !y c\ld possibly use !m 9 ! prop] s5se4 ,i am m]ely po9t+ out ! misuse2 & z = ! orig9 ( ! misuse & ! mean+ t lies beh9d x all1 ! explanation is v simple4 ,x comes f ! b>b>\s conception ( au?ority4 ,x comes f ! natural inability ( a community corrupt$ by au?ority to und]/& or appreciate ,individualism4 ,9 a ^w1 x comes f t mon/r\s & ignorant ?+ t is call$ ,public ,op9ion1 :i*1 bad & well-mean+ z x is :5 x tries to control action1 is infam\s & ( evil mean+ :5 x tries to control ,?\ght or ,art4 ,inde$1 !re is mu* m to be said 9 fav\r ( ! physical =ce ( ! public ?an !re is 9 fav\r ( ! public's op9ion4 ,! =m] may be f9e4 ,! latt] mu/ be fooli%4 ,x is (t5 said t =ce is no argum5t4 ,t1 h[ev]1 entirely dep5ds on :at "o wants to prove4 ,_m ( ! mo/ important problems ( ! la/ few c5turies1 su* z ! cont9uance ( p]sonal gov]nm5t 9 ,engl&1 or ( feudalism 9 ,france1 h be5 solv$ entirely by means ( physical =ce4 ,! v viol5ce ( a revolution may make ! public gr& & spl5did = a mom5t4 ,x 0 a fatal day :5 ! public discov]$ t ! p5 is mighti] ?an ! pav+-/one1 & c be made z (f5sive z ! brickbat4 ,!y at once s\ght = ! j\rnali/1 f\nd him1 develop$ him1 & made him _! indu/ri\s & well-paid s]vant4 ,x is greatly to be regrett$1 = bo? _! sakes4 ,beh9d ! b>ricade !re may be mu* t is noble & h]oic4 ,b :at is !re beh9d ! lead+-article b prejudice1 /upidity1 cant1 & twaddle8 ,& :5 ^! f\r are jo9$ toge!r !y make a t]rible =ce1 & con/itute ! new au?ority4 ,9 old days m5 _h ! rack4 ,n[ !y h ! press4 ,t is an improvem5t c]ta9ly4 ,b /ill x is v bad1 & wrong1 & demoralis+4 ,somebody--0 x ,burke8--call$ j\rnalism ! f\r? e/ate4 ,t 0 true at ! "t1 no d\bt4 ,b at ! pres5t mom5t x really is ! only e/ate4 ,x has eat5 up ! o!r ?ree4 ,! ,lords ,temporal say no?+1 ! ,lords ,spiritual h no?+ to say1 & ! ,h\se ( ,commons has no?+ to say & says x4 ,we are dom9at$ by ,j\rnalism4 ,9 ,am]ica ! ,presid5t reigns = f\r ye>s1 & ,j\rnalism gov]ns = ev] & ev]4 ,=tunately 9 ,am]ica ,j\rnalism has c>ri$ its au?ority to ! grosse/ & mo/ brutal extreme4 ,z a natural consequ5ce x has begun to create a _s ( revolt4 ,p are amus$ by x1 or disgu/$ by x1 accord+ to _! temp]am5ts4 ,b x is no long] ! real =ce x 04 ,x is n s]i\sly treat$4 ,9 ,engl&1 ,j\rnalism1 n1 except 9 a few well-kn[n in/ances1 hav+ be5 c>ri$ to su* excesses ( brutality1 is /ill a great factor1 a really rem>kable p[]4 ,! tyranny t x proposes to ex]cise ov] p's private lives seems to me to be q extraord9>y4 ,! fact is1 t ! public h an insatiable curiosity to "k ev]y?+1 except :at is wor? kn[+4 ,j\rnalism1 consci\s ( ?is1 & hav+ tradesman-l habits1 supplies _! dem&s4 ,9 c5turies be=e ours ! public nail$ ! e>s ( j\rnali/s to ! pump4 ,t 0 q hide\s4 ,9 ?is c5tury j\rnali/s h nail$ _! own e>s to ! keyhole4 ,t is mu* worse4 ,& :at aggravates ! mis*ief is t ! j\rnali/s :o are mo/ to blame are n ! amus+ j\rnali/s :o write = :at are call$ ,society pap]s4 ,! h>m is done by ! s]i\s1 ?\ghtful1 e>ne/ j\rnali/s1 :o solemnly1 z !y are do+ at pres5t1 w drag be=e ! eyes ( ! public "s incid5t 9 ! private life ( a great /atesman1 ( a man :o is a lead] ( political ?\ght z he is a creator ( political =ce1 & invite ! public to discuss ! incid5t1 to ex]cise au?ority 9 ! matt]1 to give _! views1 & n m]ely to give _! views1 b to c>ry !m into action1 to dictate to ! man ^u all o!r po9ts1 to dictate to 8 p>ty1 to dictate to 8 c\ntry2 9 fact1 to make !mselves ridicul\s1 (f5sive1 & h>mful4 ,! private lives ( m5 & wom5 %\ld n be told to ! public4 ,! public h no?+ to d ) !m at all4 ,9 ,france !y manage ^! ?+s bett]4 ,!re !y d n all[ ! details ( ! trials t take place 9 ! divorce c\rts to be publi%$ = ! amusem5t or criticism ( ! public4 ,all t ! public are all[$ to "k is t ! divorce has tak5 place & 0 grant$ on petition ( "o or o!r or bo? ( ! m>ri$ p>ties conc]n$4 ,9 ,france1 9 fact1 !y limit ! j\rnali/1 & all[ ! arti/ almo/ p]fect fre$om4 ,"h we all[ absolute fre$om to ! j\rnali/1 & entirely limit ! arti/4 ,engli% public op9ion1 t is to say1 tries to con/ra9 & imp$e & w>p ! man :o makes ?+s t are beautiful 9 effect1 & compels ! j\rnali/ to retail ?+s t are ugly1 or disgu/+1 or revolt+ 9 fact1 s t we h ! mo/ s]i\s j\rnali/s 9 ! _w1 & ! mo/ indec5t newspap]s4 ,x is no exagg]ation to talk ( compulsion4 ,!re are possibly "s j\rnali/s :o take a real pleasure 9 publi%+ horrible ?+s1 or :o1 be+ poor1 look to sc&als z =m+ a sort ( p]man5t basis = an income4 ,b !re are o!r j\rnali/s1 ,i feel c]ta91 m5 ( education & cultivation1 :o really dislike publi%+ ^! ?+s1 :o "k t x is wrong to d s1 & only d x because ! unheal?y conditions "u :i* _! occupation is c>ri$ on oblige !m to supply ! public ) :at ! public wants1 & to compete ) o!r j\rnali/s 9 mak+ t supply z full & satisfy+ to ! gross popul> appetite z possible4 ,x is a v degrad+ position = any body ( educat$ m5 to be plac$ 91 & ,i h no d\bt t mo/ ( !m feel x acutely4 ,h[ev]1 let u leave :at is really a v sordid side ( ! subject1 & return to ! "q ( popul> control 9 ! matt] ( ,art1 by :i* ,i mean ,public ,op9ion dictat+ to ! arti/ ! =m :i* he is to use1 ! mode 9 :i* he is to use x1 & ! mat]ials ) :i* he is to "w4 ,i h po9t$ out t ! arts :i* h escap$ be/ 9 ,engl& are ! arts 9 :i* ! public h n be5 int]e/$4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 int]e/$ 9 ! drama1 & z a c]ta9 advance has be5 made 9 ! drama )9 ! la/ t5 or fifte5 ye>s1 x is important to po9t out t ?is advance is entirely due to a few individual arti/s refus+ to accept ! popul> want ( ta/e z _! /&>d1 & refus+ to reg>d ,art z a m]e matt] ( dem& & supply4 ,) 8 m>vell\s & vivid p]sonality1 ) a /yle t has really a true col\r-elem5t 9 x1 ) 8 extraord9>y p[]1 n ov] m]e mimicry b ov] imag9ative & intellectual creation1 ,mr ,irv+1 _h 8 sole object be5 to give ! public :at !y want$1 c\ld h produc$ ! commone/ plays 9 ! commone/ mann]1 & made z mu* success & money z a man c\ld possibly desire4 ,b 8 object 0 n t4 ,8 object 0 to realise 8 own p]fection z an arti/1 "u c]ta9 conditions1 & 9 c]ta9 =ms ( ,art4 ,at fir/ he appeal$ to ! few3 n[ he has educat$ ! _m4 ,he has creat$ 9 ! public bo? ta/e & temp]am5t4 ,! public appreciate 8 arti/ic success imm5sely4 ,i (t5 wond]1 h[ev]1 :e!r ! public und]/& t t success is entirely due to ! fact t he did n accept _! /&>d1 b realis$ 8 own4 ,) _! /&>d ! ,lyceum w\ld h be5 a sort ( second-rate boo?1 z "s ( ! popul> !atres 9 ,london are at pres5t4 ,:e!r !y und]/& x or n ! fact h[ev] rema9s1 t ta/e & temp]am5t h1 to a c]ta9 ext5t be5 creat$ 9 ! public1 & t ! public is capable ( develop+ ^! qualities4 ,! problem !n is1 :y d n ! public become m civilis$8 ,!y h ! capacity4 ,:at /ops !m8 ,! ?+ t /ops !m1 x mu/ be said aga91 is _! desire to ex]cise au?ority ov] ! arti/ & ov] works ( art4 ,to c]ta9 !atres1 su* z ! ,lyceum & ! ,haym>ket1 ! public seem to come 9 a prop] mood4 ,9 bo? ( ^! !atres !re h be5 individual arti/s1 :o h succe$$ 9 creat+ 9 _! audi5ces--& e !atre 9 ,london has its own audi5ce--! temp]am5t to :i* ,art appeals4 ,& :at is t temp]am5t8 ,x is ! temp]am5t ( receptivity4 ,t is all4 ,if a man approa*es a "w ( art ) any desire to ex]cise au?ority ov] x & ! arti/1 he approa*es x 9 su* a _s t he _c receive any arti/ic impression f x at all4 ,! "w ( art is to dom9ate ! spectator3 ! spectator is n to dom9ate ! "w ( art4 ,! spectator is to be receptive4 ,he is to be ! viol9 on :i* ! ma/] is to play4 ,& ! m completely he c suppress 8 own silly views1 8 own fooli% prejudices1 8 own absurd ideas ( :at ,art %\ld be1 or %\ld n be1 ! m likely he is to und]/& & appreciate ! "w ( art 9 "q4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 q obvi\s 9 ! case ( ! vulg> !atre-go+ public ( ,engli% m5 & wom54 ,b x is equally true ( :at are call$ educat$ p4 ,= an educat$ p]son's ideas ( ,art are drawn naturally f :at ,art has be51 :]eas ! new "w ( art is beautiful by be+ :at ,art has nev] be52 & to measure x by ! /&>d ( ! pa/ is to measure x by a /&>d on ! rejection ( :i* its real p]fection dep5ds4 ,a temp]am5t capable ( receiv+1 ?r\gh an imag9ative m$ium1 & "u imag9ative conditions1 new & beautiful impressions1 is ! only temp]am5t t c appreciate a "w ( art4 ,& true z ?is is 9 ! case ( ! appreciation ( sculpture & pa9t+1 x is /ill m true ( ! appreciation ( su* arts z ! drama4 ,= a picture & a /atue are n at w> ) ,"t4 ,!y take no c\nt ( its succession4 ,9 "o mom5t _! unity may be appreh5d$4 ,9 ! case ( lit]ature x is diff]5t4 ,"t mu/ be trav]s$ be=e ! unity ( effect is realis$4 ,& s1 9 ! drama1 !re may occur 9 ! fir/ act ( ! play some?+ ^: real arti/ic value may n be evid5t to ! spectator till ! ?ird or f\r? act is rea*$4 ,is ! silly fell[ to get angry & call out1 & di/urb ! play1 & annoy ! arti/s8 ,no4 ,! hone/ man is to sit quietly1 & "k ! delightful emotions ( wond]1 curiosity1 & susp5se4 ,he is n to g to ! play to lose a vulg> temp]4 ,he is to g to ! play to realise an arti/ic temp]am5t4 ,he is to g to ! play to ga9 an arti/ic temp]am5t4 ,he is n ! arbit] ( ! "w ( art4 ,he is "o :o is admitt$ to contemplate ! "w ( art1 &1 if ! "w be f9e1 to =get 9 its contemplation & ! egotism t m>s him--! egotism ( 8 ignorance1 or ! egotism ( 8 in=mation4 ,?is po9t ab\t ! drama is h>dly1 ,i ?9k1 suffici5tly recognis$4 ,i c q und]/& t 7 #8,macbe?' produc$ = ! fir/ "t be=e a mod]n ,london audi5ce1 _m ( ! p pres5t w\ld /rongly & vigor\sly object to ! introduction ( ! wit*es 9 ! fir/ act1 ) _! grotesque phrases & _! ridicul\s words4 ,b :5 ! play is ov] "o realises t ! laught] ( ! wit*es 9 #8,macbe?' is z t]rible z ! laught] ( madness 9 #8,le>1' m t]rible ?an ! laught] ( ,iago 9 ! trag$y ( ! ,moor4 ,no spectator ( art ne$s a m p]fect mood ( receptivity ?an ! spectator ( a play4 ,! mom5t he seeks to ex]cise au?ority he becomes ! av[$ enemy ( ,art & ( himself4 ,art does n m9d4 ,x is he :o suff]s4 ,) ! novel x is ! same ?+4 ,popul> au?ority & ! recognition ( popul> au?ority are fatal4 ,?ack]ay's #8,esmond' is a beautiful "w ( art because he wrote x to please himself4 ,9 8 o!r novels1 9 #8,p5d5nis1' 9 #8,philip1' 9 #8,vanity ,fair' ev51 at times1 he is too consci\s ( ! public1 & spoils 8 "w by appeal+ directly to ! sympa?ies ( ! public1 or by directly mock+ at !m4 ,a true arti/ takes no notice :atev] ( ! public4 ,! public are to him non-exi/5t4 ,he has no poppi$ or honey$ cakes ?r\gh :i* to give ! mon/] sleep or su/5ance4 ,he leaves t to ! popul> noveli/4 ,"o incomp>able noveli/ we h n[ 9 ,engl&1 ,mr ,george ,m]$i?4 ,!re are bett] arti/s 9 ,france1 b ,france has no "o ^: view ( life is s l>ge1 s v>i$1 s imag9atively true4 ,!re are tell]s ( /ories 9 ,russia :o h a m vivid s5se ( :at pa9 9 fiction may be4 ,b to him belongs philosophy 9 fiction4 ,8 p n m]ely live1 b !y live 9 ?\ght4 ,"o c see !m f myriad po9ts ( view4 ,!y are sugge/ive4 ,!re is s\l 9 !m & ar\nd !m4 ,!y are int]pretative & symbolic4 ,& he :o made !m1 ^? wond]ful quickly-mov+ figures1 made !m = 8 own pleasure1 & has nev] ask$ ! public :at !y want$1 has nev] c>$ to "k :at !y want$1 has nev] all[$ ! public to dictate to him or influ5ce him 9 any way b has gone on int5sify+ 8 own p]sonality1 & produc+ 8 own individual "w4 ,at fir/ none came to him4 ,t did n matt]4 ,!n ! few came to him4 ,t did n *ange him4 ,! _m h come n[4 ,he is /ill ! same4 ,he is an incomp>able noveli/4 ,) ! decorative arts x is n diff]5t4 ,! public clung ) really pa!tic t5acity to :at ,i believe 7 ! direct traditions ( ! ,great ,exhibition ( int]national vulg>ity1 traditions t 7 s appall+ t ! h\ses 9 :i* p liv$ 7 only fit = bl9d p to live 94 ,beautiful ?+s began to be made1 beautiful col\rs came f ! dy]'s h&1 beautiful patt]ns f ! arti/'s bra91 & ! use ( beautiful ?+s & _! value & importance 7 set =?4 ,! public 7 really v indignant4 ,!y lo/ _! temp]4 ,!y said silly ?+s4 ,no "o m9d$4 ,no "o 0 a :it ! worse4 ,no "o accept$ ! au?ority ( public op9ion4 ,& n[ x is almo/ impossible to ent] any mod]n h\se )\t see+ "s recognition ( good ta/e1 "s recognition ( ! value ( lovely surr\nd+s1 "s sign ( appreciation ( beauty4 ,9 fact1 p's h\ses are1 z a rule1 q *>m+ n[adays4 ,p h be5 to a v great ext5t civilis$4 ,x is only fair to /ate1 h[ev]1 t ! extraord9>y success ( ! revolution 9 h\se-decoration & furniture & ! l has n really be5 due to ! majority ( ! public develop+ a v f9e ta/e 9 su* matt]s4 ,x has be5 *iefly due to ! fact t ! craftsm5 ( ?+s s appreciat$ ! pleasure ( mak+ :at 0 beautiful1 & woke to su* a vivid consci\sness ( ! hide\sness & vulg>ity ( :at ! public _h previ\sly want$1 t !y simply />v$ ! public out4 ,x w\ld be q impossible at ! pres5t mom5t to furni% a room z rooms 7 furni%$ a few ye>s ago1 )\t go+ = ev]y?+ to an auction ( second-h& furniture f "s ?ird-rate lodg+-h\se4 ,! ?+s are no long] made4 ,h[ev] !y may object to x1 p mu/ n[adays h some?+ *>m+ 9 _! surr\nd+s4 ,=tunately = !m1 _! assumption ( au?ority 9 ^! art-matt]s came to entire grief4 ,x is evid5t1 !n1 t all au?ority 9 su* ?+s is bad4 ,p sometimes inquire :at =m ( gov]nm5t is mo/ suitable = an arti/ to live "u4 ,to ?is "q !re is only "o answ]4 ,! =m ( gov]nm5t t is mo/ suitable to ! arti/ is no gov]nm5t at all4 ,au?ority ov] him & 8 art is ridicul\s4 ,x has be5 /at$ t "u despotisms arti/s h produc$ lovely "w4 ,?is is n q s4 ,arti/s h visit$ despots1 n z subjects to be tyrannis$ ov]1 b z w&]+ wond]-mak]s1 z fasc9at+ vagrant p]sonalities1 to be ent]ta9$ & *>m$ & suff]$ to be at peace1 & all[$ to create4 ,!re is ?is to be said 9 fav\r ( ! despot1 t he1 be+ an individual1 may h culture1 :ile ! mob1 be+ a mon/]1 has none4 ,"o :o is an ,emp]or & ,k+ may /oop d[n to pick up a bru% = a pa9t]1 b :5 ! democracy /oops d[n x is m]ely to ?r[ mud4 ,& yet ! democracy h n s f> to /oop z ! emp]or4 ,9 fact1 :5 !y want to ?r[ mud !y h n to /oop at all4 ,b !re is no necessity to sep>ate ! mon>* f ! mob2 all au?ority is equally bad4 ,!re are ?ree k9ds ( despots4 ,!re is ! despot :o tyrannises ov] ! body4 ,!re is ! despot :o tyrannises ov] ! s\l4 ,!re is ! despot :o tyrannises ov] ! s\l & body alike4 ,! fir/ is call$ ! ,pr9ce4 ,! second is call$ ! ,pope4 ,! ?ird is call$ ! ,p4 ,! ,pr9ce may be cultivat$4 ,_m ,pr9ces h be54 ,yet 9 ! ,pr9ce !re is dang]4 ,"o ?9ks ( ,dante at ! bitt] fea/ 9 ,v]ona1 ( ,tasso 9 ,f]r>a's madman's cell4 ,x is bett] = ! arti/ n to live ) ,pr9ces4 ,! ,pope may be cultivat$4 ,_m ,popes h be52 ! bad ,popes h be54 ,! bad ,popes lov$ ,beauty1 almo/ z passionately1 nay1 ) z mu* passion z ! good ,popes hat$ ,?\ght4 ,to ! wick$ness ( ! ,papacy humanity owes mu*4 ,! goodness ( ! ,papacy owes a t]rible debt to humanity4 ,yet1 ?\gh ! ,vatican has kept ! rhetoric ( its ?und]s1 & lo/ ! rod ( its lightn+1 x is bett] = ! arti/ n to live ) ,popes4 ,x 0 a ,pope :o said ( ,cell9i to a conclave ( ,c>d9als t common laws & common au?ority 7 n made = m5 su* z he2 b x 0 a ,pope :o ?ru/ ,cell9i into prison1 & kept him !re till he sick5$ ) rage1 & creat$ unreal visions = himself1 & saw ! gild$ sun ent] 8 room1 & grew s enam\r$ ( x t he s\ght to escape1 & crept out f t[] to t[]1 & fall+ ?r\gh dizzy air at dawn1 maim$ himself1 & 0 by a v9e-dress] cov]$ ) v9e leaves1 & c>ri$ 9 a c>t to "o :o1 lov+ beautiful ?+s1 _h c>e ( him4 ,!re is dang] 9 ,popes4 ,& z = ! ,p1 :at ( !m & _! au?ority8 ,p]haps ( !m & _! au?ority "o has spok5 en\gh4 ,_! au?ority is a ?+ bl9d1 deaf1 hide\s1 grotesque1 tragic1 amus+1 s]i\s1 & obsc5e4 ,x is impossible = ! arti/ to live ) ! ,p4 ,all despots bribe4 ,! p bribe & brutalise4 ,:o told !m to ex]cise au?ority8 ,!y 7 made to live1 to li/51 & to love4 ,someone has done !m a great wrong4 ,!y h m>r$ !mselves by imitation ( _! inf]iors4 ,!y h tak5 ! sceptre ( ! ,pr9ce4 ,h[ %\ld !y use x8 ,!y h tak5 ! triple ti>a ( ! ,pope4 ,h[ %\ld !y c>ry its burd58 ,!y are z a cl[n ^: he>t is brok54 ,!y are z a prie/ ^: s\l is n yet born4 ,let all :o love ,beauty pity !m4 ,?\gh !y !mselves love n ,beauty1 yet let !m pity !mselves4 ,:o taught !m ! trick ( tyranny8 ,!re are _m o!r ?+s t "o might po9t out4 ,"o might po9t out h[ ! ,r5aissance 0 great1 because x s\ght to solve no social problem1 & busi$ itself n ab\t su* ?+s1 b suff]$ ! individual to develop freely1 beautifully1 & naturally1 & s _h great & individual arti/s1 & great & individual m54 ,"o might po9t out h[ ,l\is ,,xiv41 by creat+ ! mod]n /ate1 de/roy$ ! individualism ( ! arti/1 & made ?+s mon/r\s 9 _! monotony ( repetition1 & contemptible 9 _! con=mity to rule1 & de/roy$ ?r\gh\t all ,france all ^? f9e fre$oms ( expression t _h made tradition new 9 beauty1 & new modes "o ) antique =m4 ,b ! pa/ is ( no importance4 ,! pres5t is ( no importance4 ,x is ) ! future t we h to deal4 ,= ! pa/ is :at man %\ld n h be54 ,! pres5t is :at man ought n to be4 ,! future is :at arti/s are4 ,x w1 ( c\rse1 be said t su* a s*eme z is set =? "h is q unpractical1 & goes aga9/ human nature4 ,?is is p]fectly true4 ,x is unpractical1 & x goes aga9/ human nature4 ,?is is :y x is wor? c>ry+ out1 & t is :y "o proposes x4 ,= :at is a practical s*eme8 ,a practical s*eme is ei!r a s*eme t is already 9 exi/5ce1 or a s*eme t c\ld be c>ri$ out "u exi/+ conditions4 ,b x is exactly ! exi/+ conditions t "o objects to2 & any s*eme t c\ld accept ^! conditions is wrong & fooli%4 ,! conditions w be done away )1 & human nature w *ange4 ,! only ?+ t "o really kn[s ab\t human nature is t x *anges4 ,*ange is ! "o quality we c pr$icate ( x4 ,! sy/ems t fail are ^? t rely on ! p]man5cy ( human nature1 & n on its gr[? & developm5t4 ,! error ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 0 t he ?\ght human nature w\ld always be ! same4 ,! result ( 8 error 0 ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,x 0 an admirable result4 ,all ! results ( ! mi/akes ( gov]nm5ts are q admirable4 ,x is to be not$ also t ,individualism does n come to man ) any sickly cant ab\t duty1 :i* m]ely means do+ :at o!r p want because !y want x2 or any hide\s cant ab\t self-sacrifice1 :i* is m]ely a survival ( savage mutilation4 ,9 fact1 x does n come to man ) any claims ^u him at all4 ,x comes naturally & inevitably out ( man4 ,x is ! po9t to :i* all developm5t t5ds4 ,x is ! diff]5tiation to :i* all organisms gr[4 ,x is ! p]fection t is inh]5t 9 e mode ( life1 & t[>ds :i* e mode ( life quick5s4 ,& s ,individualism ex]cises no compulsion ov] man4 ,on ! contr>y1 x says to man t he %\ld suff] no compulsion to be ex]cis$ ov] him4 ,x does n try to =ce p to be good4 ,x kn[s t p are good :5 !y are let alone4 ,man w develop ,individualism out ( himself4 ,man is n[ s develop+ ,individualism4 ,to ask :e!r ,individualism is practical is l ask+ :e!r ,evolution is practical4 ,evolution is ! law ( life1 & !re is no evolution except t[>ds ,individualism4 ,:]e ?is t5d5cy is n express$1 x is a case ( artificially-arre/$ gr[?1 or ( disease1 or ( dea?4 ,individualism w also be unselfi% & unaffect$4 ,x has be5 po9t$ out t "o ( ! results ( ! extraord9>y tyranny ( au?ority is t words are absolutely di/ort$ f _! prop] & simple mean+1 & are us$ to express ! obv]se ( _! "r signification4 ,:at is true ab\t ,art is true ab\t ,life4 ,a man is call$ affect$1 n[adays1 if he dresses z he likes to dress4 ,b 9 do+ t he is act+ 9 a p]fectly natural mann]4 ,affectation1 9 su* matt]s1 consi/s 9 dress+ accord+ to ! views ( "o's neighb\r1 ^: views1 z !y are ! views ( ! majority1 w probably be extremely /upid4 ,or a man is call$ selfi% if he lives 9 ! mann] t seems to him mo/ suitable = ! full realisation ( 8 own p]sonality2 if1 9 fact1 ! prim>y aim ( 8 life is self-developm5t4 ,b ?is is ! way 9 :i* ev]yone %\ld live4 ,selfi%ness is n liv+ z "o wi%es to live1 x is ask+ o!rs to live z "o wi%es to live4 ,& unselfi%ness is lett+ o!r p's lives alone1 n int]f]+ ) !m4 ,selfi%ness always aims at creat+ ar\nd x an absolute uni=mity ( type4 ,unselfi%ness recognises inf9ite v>iety ( type z a delightful ?+1 accepts x1 acquiesces 9 x1 enjoys x4 ,x is n selfi% to ?9k = oneself4 ,a man :o does n ?9k = himself does n ?9k at all4 ,x is grossly selfi% to require ( ones neighb\r t he %\ld ?9k 9 ! same way1 & hold ! same op9ions4 ,:y %\ld he8 ,if he c ?9k1 he w probably ?9k diff]5tly4 ,if he _c ?9k1 x is mon/r\s to require ?\ght ( any k9d f him4 ,a r$ rose is n selfi% because x wants to be a r$ rose4 ,x w\ld be horribly selfi% if x want$ all ! o!r fl[]s 9 ! g>d5 to be bo? r$ & roses4 ,"u ,individualism p w be q natural & absolutely unselfi%1 & w "k ! mean+s ( ! words1 & realise !m 9 _! free1 beautiful lives4 ,nor w m5 be egoti/ic z !y are n[4 ,= ! egoti/ is he :o makes claims ^u o!rs1 & ! ,individuali/ w n desire to d t4 ,x w n give him pleasure4 ,:5 man has realis$ ,individualism1 he w also realise sympa?y & ex]cise x freely & spontane\sly4 ,up to ! pres5t man has h>dly cultivat$ sympa?y at all4 ,he has m]ely sympa?y ) pa91 & sympa?y ) pa9 is n ! highe/ =m ( sympa?y4 ,all sympa?y is f9e1 b sympa?y ) suff]+ is ! lea/ f9e mode4 ,x is ta9t$ ) egotism4 ,x is apt to become morbid4 ,!re is 9 x a c]ta9 elem5t ( t]ror = our own safety4 ,we become afraid t we ourselves might be z ! lep] or z ! bl9d1 & t no man w\ld h c>e ( u4 ,x is curi\sly limit+1 too4 ,"o %\ld sympa?ise ) ! entirety ( life1 n ) life's sores & maladies m]ely1 b ) life's joy & beauty & en]gy & heal? & fre$om4 ,! wid] sympa?y is1 ( c\rse1 ! m difficult4 ,x requires m unselfi%ness4 ,anybody c sympa?ise ) ! suff]+s ( a fri5d1 b x requires a v f9e nature--x requires1 9 fact1 ! nature ( a true ,individuali/--to sympa?ise ) a fri5d's success4 ,9 ! mod]n /ress ( competition & /ruggle = place1 su* sympa?y is naturally r>e1 & is also v mu* /ifl$ by ! immoral ideal ( uni=mity ( type & con=mity to rule :i* is s preval5t ev]y:]e1 & is p]haps mo/ obnoxi\s 9 ,engl&4 ,sympa?y ) pa9 !re w1 ( c\rse1 always be4 ,x is "o ( ! fir/ in/9cts ( man4 ,! animals :i* are individual1 ! high] animals1 t is to say1 %>e x ) u4 ,b x mu/ be rememb]$ t :ile sympa?y ) joy int5sifies ! sum ( joy 9 ! _w1 sympa?y ) pa9 does n really dim9i% ! am\nt ( pa94 ,x may make man bett] able to endure evil1 b ! evil rema9s4 ,sympa?y ) consumption does n cure consumption2 t is :at ,sci5ce does4 ,& :5 ,socialism has solv$ ! problem ( pov]ty1 & ,sci5ce solv$ ! problem ( disease1 ! area ( ! s5tim5tali/s w be less5$1 & ! sympa?y ( man w be l>ge1 heal?y1 & spontane\s4 ,man w h joy 9 ! contemplation ( ! joy\s life ( o!rs4 ,= x is ?r\gh joy t ! ,individualism ( ! future w develop itself4 ,*ri/ made no attempt to recon/ruct society1 & consequ5tly ! ,individualism t he prea*$ to man c\ld be realis$ only ?r\gh pa9 or 9 solitude4 ,! ideals t we owe to ,*ri/ are ! ideals ( ! man :o ab&ons society entirely1 or ( ! man :o resi/s society absolutely4 ,b man is naturally social4 ,ev5 ! ,!baid became peopl$ at la/4 ,& ?\gh ! c5obite realises 8 p]sonality1 x is (t5 an impov]i%$ p]sonality t he s realises4 ,^u ! o!r h&1 ! t]rible tru? t pa9 is a mode ?r\gh :i* man may realise himself ex]cises a wond]ful fasc9ation ov] ! _w4 ,%all[ speak]s & %all[ ?9k]s 9 pulpits & on plat=ms (t5 talk ab\t ! _w's wor%ip ( pleasure1 & :9e aga9/ x4 ,b x is r>ely 9 ! _w's hi/ory t its ideal has be5 "o ( joy & beauty4 ,! wor%ip ( pa9 has f> m (t5 dom9at$ ! _w4 ,m$ivalism1 ) its sa9ts & m>tyrs1 its love ( self-torture1 its wild passion = w\nd+ itself1 its ga%+ ) knives1 & its :ipp+ ) rods--,m$ivalism is real ,*ri/ianity1 & ! m$ival ,*ri/ is ! real ,*ri/4 ,:5 ! ,r5aissance dawn$ ^u ! _w1 & br\ght ) x ! new ideals ( ! beauty ( life & ! joy ( liv+1 m5 c\ld n und]/& ,*ri/4 ,ev5 ,art %[s u t4 ,! pa9t]s ( ! ,r5aissance drew ,*ri/ z a little boy play+ ) ano!r boy 9 a palace or a g>d51 or ly+ back 9 8 "m's arms1 smil+ at h]1 or at a fl[]1 or at a bright bird2 or z a noble1 /ately figure mov+ nobly ?r\gh ! _w2 or z a wond]ful figure ris+ 9 a sort ( ec/asy f dea? to life4 ,ev5 :5 !y drew him crucifi$ !y drew him z a beautiful ,god on :om evil m5 _h inflict$ suff]+4 ,b he did n preoccupy !m mu*4 ,:at delight$ !m 0 to pa9t ! m5 & wom5 :om !y admir$1 & to %[ ! lovel9ess ( ?is lovely e>?4 ,!y pa9t$ _m religi\s pictures--9 fact1 !y pa9t$ f> too _m1 & ! monotony ( type & motive is we>isome1 & 0 bad = art4 ,x 0 ! result ( ! au?ority ( ! public 9 art-matt]s1 & is to be deplor$4 ,b _! s\l 0 n 9 ! subject4 ,raphael 0 a great arti/ :5 he pa9t$ 8 portrait ( ! ,pope4 ,:5 he pa9t$ 8 ,madonnas & infant ,*ri/s1 he is n a great arti/ at all4 ,*ri/ _h no message = ! ,r5aissance1 :i* 0 wond]ful because x br\ght an ideal at v>iance ) 81 & to f9d ! pres5tation ( ! real ,*ri/ we mu/ g to m$ival art4 ,!re he is "o maim$ & m>r$2 "o :o is n comely to look on1 because ,beauty is a joy2 "o :o is n 9 fair raim5t1 because t may be a joy also3 he is a begg> :o has a m>vell\s s\l2 he is a lep] ^: s\l is div9e2 he ne$s nei!r prop]ty nor heal?2 he is a ,god realis+ 8 p]fection ?r\gh pa94 ,! evolution ( man is sl[4 ,! inju/ice ( m5 is great4 ,x 0 necess>y t pa9 %\ld be put =w>d z a mode ( self-realisation4 ,ev5 n[1 9 "s places 9 ! _w1 ! message ( ,*ri/ is necess>y4 ,no "o :o liv$ 9 mod]n ,russia c\ld possibly realise 8 p]fection except by pa94 ,a few ,russian arti/s h realis$ !mselves 9 ,art2 9 a fiction t is m$ival 9 "*1 because its dom9ant note is ! realisation ( m5 ?r\gh suff]+4 ,b = ^? :o are n arti/s1 & to :om !re is no mode ( life b ! actual life ( fact1 pa9 is ! only door to p]fection4 ,a ,russian :o lives happily "u ! pres5t sy/em ( gov]nm5t 9 ,russia mu/ ei!r believe t man has no s\l1 or t1 if he has1 x is n wor? develop+4 ,a ,nihili/ :o rejects all au?ority1 because he kn[s au?ority to be evil1 & welcomes all pa91 because ?r\gh t he realises 8 p]sonality1 is a real ,*ri/ian4 ,to him ! ,*ri/ian ideal is a true ?+4 ,& yet1 ,*ri/ did n revolt aga9/ au?ority4 ,he accept$ ! imp]ial au?ority ( ! ,roman ,empire & paid tribute4 ,he endur$ ! ecclesia/ical au?ority ( ! ,jewi% ,*ur*1 & w\ld n repel its viol5ce by any viol5ce ( 8 own4 ,he _h1 z ,i said be=e1 no s*eme = ! recon/ruction ( society4 ,b ! mod]n _w has s*emes4 ,x proposes to d away ) pov]ty & ! suff]+ t x entails4 ,x desires to get rid ( pa91 & ! suff]+ t pa9 entails4 ,x tru/s to ,socialism & to ,sci5ce z its me?ods4 ,:at x aims at is an ,individualism express+ itself ?r\gh joy4 ,?is ,individualism w be l>g]1 full]1 loveli] ?an any ,individualism has ev] be54 ,pa9 is n ! ultimate mode ( p]fection4 ,x is m]ely provisional & a prote/4 ,x has ref]5ce to wrong1 unheal?y1 unju/ surr\nd+s4 ,:5 ! wrong1 & ! disease1 & ! inju/ice are remov$1 x w h no fur!r place4 ,x w h done its "w4 ,x 0 a great "w1 b x is almo/ ov]4 ,its sph]e less5s e day4 ,nor w man miss x4 ,= :at man has s\ght = is1 inde$1 nei!r pa9 nor pleasure1 b simply ,life4 ,man has s\ght to live int5sely1 fully1 p]fectly4 ,:5 he c d s )\t ex]cis+ re/ra9t on o!rs1 or suff]+ x ev]1 & 8 activities are all pleasurable to him1 he w be san]1 heal?i]1 m civilis$1 m himself4 ,pleasure is ,nature's te/1 h] sign ( approval4 ,:5 man is happy1 he is 9 h>mony ) himself & 8 environm5t4 ,! new ,individualism1 = ^: s]vice ,socialism1 :e!r x wills x or n1 is work+1 w be p]fect h>mony4 ,x w be :at ! ,greeks s\ght =1 b c\ld n1 except 9 ,?\ght1 realise completely1 because !y _h slaves1 & f$ !m2 x w be :at ! ,r5aissance s\ght =1 b c\ld n realise completely except 9 ,art1 because !y _h slaves1 & />v$ !m4 ,x w be complete1 & ?r\gh x ea* man w atta9 to 8 p]fection4 ,! new ,individualism is ! new ,hell5ism4 99 99 99 99 99 ,repr9t$ f ! #8,=tnightly ,review1' by p]mission ( ,messrs ,*apman & ,hall4