,,! ,,folk-,,lore ,,( ,,plants ,,by ,t4,f4 ,,?iselton-,,dy] #ahhi ,,preface4 ,ap>t f botanical sci5ce1 !re is p]haps no subject ( inquiry connect$ ) plants ( wid] int]e/ ?an t sugge/$ by ! /udy ( folk-lore4 ,?is field ( rese>* has be5 l>gely work$ ( late ye>s1 & has obta9$ consid]able popul>ity 9 ?is c\ntry1 & on ! ,cont95t4 ,mu* has already be5 writt5 on ! folk-lore ( plants1 a fact :i* has induc$ me to give1 9 ! pres5t volume1 a brief sy/ematic summ>y--) a few illu/rations 9 ea* case--( ! _m bran*es into :i* ! subject naturally subdivides itself4 ,x is hop$1 !re=e1 t ?is little "w w s]ve z a useful h&book = ^? desir\s ( ga9+ "s in=mation1 9 a brief concise =m1 ( ! folk-lore :i*1 9 "o =m or ano!r1 has clu/]$ r\nd ! vegetable k+dom4 ,t4,f4 ,,?iselton-,,dy]4 ,novemb] #ai1 #ahhh4 ,,cont5ts4 ,i4 ,,plant ,,life ,,ii4 ,,primitive ,,& ,,savage ,,notions ,,respect+ ,,plants ,,iii4 ,,plant ,,wor%ip ,,iv4 ,,lightn+ ,,plants ,v4 ,,plants ,,9 ,,wit*craft ,,vi4 ,,plants ,,9 ,,demonology ,,vii4 ,,plants ,,9 ,,fairy-,,lore ,,viii4 ,,love-,,*>ms ,,ix4 ,,dream-,,plants ,x4 ,,plants ,,& ,,! ,,wea!r ,,xi4 ,,plant ,,prov]bs ,,xii4 ,,plants ,,& ,,_! ,,c]emonial ,,use ,,xiii4 ,,plant ,,names ,,xiv4 ,,plant ,,language ,,xv4 ,,fabul\s ,,plants ,,xvi4 ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,signatures ,,xvii4 ,,plants ,,& ,,! ,,cal5d> ,,xviii4 ,,*ildr5',s ,,rhymes ,,& ,,games ,,xix4 ,,sacr$ ,,plants ,,xx4 ,,plant ,,sup]/itions ,,xxi4 ,,plants ,,9 ,,folk-,,m$ic9e ,,xxii4 ,,plants ,,& ,,_! ,,leg5d>y ,,hi/ory ,,xxiii4 ,,my/ic ,,plants ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,plant ,,life4 ,! fact t plants1 9 common ) man & ! l[] animals1 possess ! ph5om5a ( life & dea?1 naturally sugge/$ 9 primitive times ! notion ( _! hav+ a simil> k9d ( exi/5ce4 ,9 bo? cases !re is a gradual developm5t :i* is only rea*$ by c]ta9 progressive /ages ( gr[?1 a circum/ance :i* 0 n )\t its practical lessons to ! e>ly naturali/4 ,?is simil>ity1 too1 0 held all ! m /rik+ :5 x 0 obs]v$ h[ ! life ( plants1 l t ( ! high] organisms1 0 subject to disease1 accid5t1 & o!r ho/ile influ5ces1 & s liable at any mom5t to be cut (f by an untimely end4#a ,on ?is acc\nt a p]sonality 0 ascrib$ to ! products ( ! vegetable k+dom1 survivals ( :i* are /ill ( frequ5t occurr5ce at ! pres5t day4 ,x 0 p>tly ?is conception :i* inve/$ trees ) t my/ic or sacr$ "* :]eby !y 7 reg>d$ ) a sup]/iti\s fe> :i* f\nd expression 9 sundry acts ( sacrifice & wor%ip4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,tylor1#b !re is reason to believe t1 ! doctr9e ( ! spirits ( plants lay deep 9 ! intellectual hi/ory ( ,s\?-ea/ ,asia1 b 0 9 great measure sup]s$$ "u ,buddhi/ influ5ce4 ,! ,buddhi/ books %[ t 9 ! e>ly days ( _! religion x 0 matt] ( controv]sy :e!r trees _h s\ls1 & !re=e :e!r !y might lawfully be injur$4 ,or?odox ,buddhism decid$ aga9/ ! tree s\ls1 & consequ5tly aga9/ ! scruple to h>m !m1 decl>+ trees to h no m9d nor s5ti5t pr9ciple1 ?\gh admitt+ t c]ta9 dewas or spirits d reside 9 ! body ( trees1 & speak f )9 !m4 ,anyh[1 ! notion ( its be+ wrong to injure or mutilate a tree = fe> ( putt+ x to unnecess>y pa9 0 a widespread belief4 ,?us1 ! ,ojibways imag9$ t trees _h s\ls1 & seldom cut !m d[n1 ?9k+ t if !y did s !y w\ld he> ! wail+ ( ! trees :5 !y suff]$ 9 ?is way4#c ,9 ,sumatra#d c]ta9 trees h special hon\rs paid to !m z be+ ! embodim5t ( ! spirits ( ! woods1 & ! ,fijians#e believe t if an animal or a plant die1 its s\l imm$iately goes to ,bolotoo4 ,! ,dayaks ( ,borneo#f ass]t t rice has a liv+ pr9ciple or _s1 & hold fea/s to reta9 its s\l le/ ! crops %\ld decay4 ,& ! ,k>5s affirm1#g too1 t plants z well z m5 & animals h _! la or _s4 ,! ,iroquois ackn[l$ge ! exi/5ce ( spirits 9 trees & plants1 & say t ! _s ( corn1 ! _s ( beans1 & ! _s ( squa%es are suppos$ to h ! =ms ( ?ree beautiful maid5s4 ,accord+ to a tradition curr5t among ! ,miamis1 "o ye> :5 !re 0 an unusual abundance ( corn1 ! _s ( ! corn 0 v angry because ! *ildr5 _h ?r[n corn-cobs at ea* o!r 9 play1 pret5d+ to h suff]$ s]i\s bodily injury 9 consequ5ce ( _! sport#h4 ,simil>ly1 :5 ! w9d bl[s ! long grass or wav+ corn1 ! ,g]man peasant w say1 ! ,grass-wolf1 or ! ,corn-wolf is abroad4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,ral/on1 9 "s places1 ! la/ %eaf ( rye is left z a %elt] to ! ,rogg5wolf or ,rye-wolf dur+ ! w9t]'s cold1 & 9 _m a summ] or autumn fe/ive rite t be+ is repres5t$ by a ru/ic1 :o assumes a wolf-l appe>ance4 ,! corn _s 01 h[ev]1 (t5 symbolis$ "u a human =m4 ,inde$1 "u a v>iety ( =ms ?is animi/ic conception is f\nd among ! l[] races1 & 9 c]ta9 cases expla9s ! /rong prejudice to c]ta9 h]bs z articles ( food4 ,! ,society ,isl&]s ascrib$ a v>ua or surviv+ s\l to plants1 & ! negroes ( ,congo ador$ a sacr$ tree call$ ,mirrone1 "o be+ g5]ally plant$ ne> ! h\se1 z if x 7 ! tutel> god ( ! dwell+4 ,x is cu/om>y1 also1 to place calaba%es ( palm w9e at ! feet ( ^! trees1 9 case !y %\ld be ?ir/y4 ,9 mod]n folk-lore !re are _m curi\s survivals ( ?is tree-s\l doctr9e4 ,9 ,we/phalia1#i ! peasantry ann\nce =mally to ! ne>e/ oak any dea? t may h occurr$ 9 ! family1 & occasionally ?is =mula is employ$--,! ma/] is dead1 ! ma/] is dead4 ,ev5 rec5tly1 writes ,sir ,john ,lubbock#aj1 an oak copse at ,lo* ,siant1 9 ! ,isle ( ,skye1 0 held s sacr$ t no p]sons w\ld v5ture to cut ! smalle/ bran* f x4 ,! ,walla*ians1 h a sup]/ition t e fl[] has a s\l1 & t ! wat]-lily is ! s9less & sc5tless fl[] ( ! lake1 :i* blossoms at ! gates ( ,p>adise to judge ! re/1 & t %e w inquire /rictly :at !y h done ) _! od\rs4#aa ,x is notewor?y1 also1 t ! ,indian belief :i* describes ! holes 9 trees z doors ?r\gh :i* ! special spirits ( ^? trees pass1 reappe>s 9 ! ,g]man sup]/ition t ! holes 9 ! oak are ! pa?ways = elves2#ab & t v>i\s diseases may be cur$ by contact ) ^! holes4 ,h5ce "s trees are reg>d$ ) special v5]ation--p>ticul>ly ! lime & p9e#ac--;& p]sons ( a sup]/iti\s turn ( m9d1 may (t5 be se5 c>ry+ sickly *ildr5 to a =e/ = ! purpose ( dragg+ !m ?r\gh su* holes4 ,?is practice =m]ly prevail$ 9 our own c\ntry1 a well-kn[n illu/ration ( :i* we may quote f ,:ite's ,hi/ory ( ,selborne3 ,9 a f>my>d ne> ! middle ( ! village1 he writes1 /&s at ?is day a r[ ( poll>d a%es1 :i* by ! seams & long cicatrices d[n _! sides1 manife/ly %[ t 9 =m] times !y _h be5 cleft asund]4 ,^! trees1 :5 "y & flexible1 7 sev]$ & held op5 by w$ges1 :ile ruptur$ *ildr51 /ripp$ nak$1 7 pu%$ ?r\gh ! ap]tures4#ad ,9 ,som]set%ire ! sup]/ition /ill l+]s on1 & 9 ,cornwall ! c]emony to be ( value mu/ be p]=m$ be=e sunrise2 b ! practice does n seem to h be5 conf9$ to any special locality4 ,x %\ld also be add$1 z ,mr4 ,conway#ae has po9t$ out1 t 9 all ,saxon c\ntries 9 ! ,middle ,ages a hole =m$ by two bran*es ( a tree gr[+ toge!r 0 e/eem$ ( highly efficaci\s value4 ,on ! o!r h&1 we mu/ n conf\nd ! spiritual vitality ascrib$ to trees ) ! animi/ic conception ( _! be+ inhabit$ by c]ta9 spirits1 al?\gh1 z ,mr4 ,tylor#af rem>ks1 x is difficult at times to di/+ui% betwe5 ! two notions4 ,in/ances ( ^! tree spirits lie ?ickly scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! folk-lore ( mo/ c\ntries1 survivals ( :i* rema9 ev5 among/ cultur$ races4 ,x is int]e/+1 moreov]1 to trace ! same idea 9 ,greek & ,roman my?ology4 ,?us ,ovid#ag tells a beautiful /ory ( ,erisic?on's impi\s attack on ! grove ( ,c]es1 & x may be rememb]$ h[ ! ,greek dryads & hamadryads _h _! life l9k$ to a tree1 &1 z ?is )]s & dies1 !y !mselves fall away & cease to be2 any injury to b\gh or twig is felt z a w\nd1 & a :olesale hew+ d[n puts an end to !m at once--a cry ( angui% escapes !m :5 ! cruel axe comes ne>4 ,9 ,apollonius ,rhodius we f9d "o ( ^! hamadryads implor+ a woodman to sp>e a tree to :i* h] exi/5ce is atta*$3 ,l\d ?r\gh ! air res\nds ! woodman's /roke1 ,:51 lo6 a voice breaks f ! groan+ oak1 ',sp>e1 sp>e my life6 a trembl+ virg9 sp>e6 ,oh1 li/5 to ! ,hamadryad's pray]6 ,no long] let t fe>ful axe res\nd2 ,pres]ve ! tree to :i* my life is b\nd4 ,see1 f ! b>k my blood 9 torr5ts fl[s2 ,i fa9t1 ,i s9k1 ,i p]i% f y\r bl[s4' ,aubrey1 ref]r+ to ?is old sup]/ition1 says3 ,i _c omit tak+ notice ( ! great mis=tune 9 ! family ( ! ,e>l ( ,w9*elsea1 :o at ,ea/well1 9 ,k5t1 fell$ d[n a mo/ curi\s grove ( oaks1 ne> 8 own noble seat1 & gave ! fir/ bl[ ) 8 own h&s4 ,%ortly aft] 8 c\ntess di$ 9 h] b$ sudd5ly1 & 8 elde/ son1 ! ,"l ,maid/one1 0 kill$ at sea by a cannon bullet4 ,mod]n ,european folk-lore /ill provides u ) a curi\s v>iety ( ^! _s-haunt$ trees1 & h5ce :5 ! ald] is hewn1 x ble$s1 weeps1 & beg9s to speak4#ah ,an old tree 9 ! ,ruga>d =e/ mu/ n be fell$ = an elf dwells )91 & ano!r1 on ! ,he9z5b]g1 ne> ,zell1 utt]$ a compla9t :5 ! woodman cut x d[n1 = 9 x 0 our ,lady1 ^: *apel n[ /&s ^u ! spot4#ai ,an ,au/rian ,mr*5 tells ( a /ately fir1 9 :i* !re sits a fairy maid5 wait$ on by dw>fs1 rew>d+ ! innoc5t & plagu+ ! guilty2 & !re is ! ,g]man song ( ! maid5 9 ! p9e1 ^: b>k ! boy splits ) a gold & silv] horn4 ,/ories aga9 are circulat$ 9 ,sw$51 among ! peasantry1 ( p]sons :o by cutt+ a bran* f a habitation tree h be5 /ruck ) dea?4 ,su* a tree 0 ! kl9ta tall 9 ,we/manl&1 "u :i* a m]maid 0 said to dwell4 ,to ?is tree might occasionally be se5 sn[-:ite cattle driv5 up f ! neighb\r+ lake across ! mead[s4 ,ano!r ,sw$i% leg5d tells u h[1 :5 a man 0 on ! po9t ( cutt+ d[n a junip] tree 9 a wood1 a voice 0 he>d f ! gr\nd1 say+1 fri5d1 hew me n4 ,b he gave ano!r /roke1 :5 to 8 horror blood gu%$ f ! root#bj4 ,!n !re is ! ,dani% tradition#ba relat+ to ! lonely ?orn1 occasionally se5 9 a field1 b :i* nev] gr[s l>g]4 ,trees ( ?is k9d are always bewit*$1 & c>e %\ld be tak5 n to approa* !m 9 ! night "t1 z !re comes a fi]y :eel =? f ! bu%1 :i*1 if a p]son _c escape f1 w de/roy him4 ,9 mod]n ,greece c]ta9 trees h _! /i*ios1 a be+ :i* has be5 describ$ z a spectre1 a w&]+ s\l1 a vague phantom1 sometimes invisible1 at o!rs assum+ ! mo/ widely v>i$ =ms4 ,x is fur!r add$ t :5 a tree is /i*imoni\s x is dang]\s = a man1 to sleep b5ea? its %ade1 & ! woodcutt]s employ$ to cut x d[n w lie ^u ! gr\nd & hide !mselves1 motionless1 & hold+ _! brea?1 at ! mom5t :5 x is ab\t to fall1 dread+ le/ ! /i*io at ^: life ! bl[ is aim$ ) ea* /roke ( ! axe1 %\ld av5ge itself at ! precise mom5t :5 x is dislodg$4#bb ,turn+ to primitive ideas on ?is subject1 ,mr4 ,s*oolcraft m5tions an ,indian tradition ( a holl[ tree1 f ! recesses ( :i* !re issu$ on a calm day a s\nd l ! voice ( a _s4 ,h5ce x 0 consid]$ to be ! resid5ce ( "s p[]ful _s1 & 0 accord+ly deem$ sacr$4 ,among rude tribes trees ( ?is k9d are held sacr$1 x be+ =bidd5 to cut !m4 ,"s ( ! ,siamese 9 ! same way (f] cakes & rice to ! trees be=e fell+ !m1 & ! ,tale9 ( ,burmah w pray to ! _s ( ! tree be=e !y beg9 to cut ! tree d[n#bc4 ,likewise 9 ! ,au/ralian bu% demons :i/le 9 ! bran*es1 & 9 a v>iety ( o!r ecc5tric ways make _! pres5ce manife/--rem9d+ u ( ,ariel's imprisonm5t3#bd ,into a clov5 p9e2 )9 :i* rift ,imprison'd1 ?\ did/ pa9fully rema91 ,a doz5 ye>s2 444 444 ,:]e ?\ did/ v5t ?y groans1 ,z fa/ z mill-:eels /rike4 ,simil>ly ,miss ,em]son1 9 h] ,indian ,my?s 7#ahhd1 p4 #acd71 quotes ! /ory ( ,! ,two ,bran*es3 ,"o day !re 0 a great noise 9 a tree "u :i* ,manabozho 0 tak+ a nap4 ,x grew l\d]1 &1 at l5g? exasp]at$1 he leap$ into ! tree1 caught ! two bran*es ^: w> 0 ! occasion ( ! d91 & pull$ !m asund]4 ,b ) a spr+ on ei!r h&1 ! two bran*es caught & p9ion$ ,manabozho betwe5 !m4 ,?ree days ! god rema9$ imprison$1 dur+ :i* 8 outcries & lam5tations 7 ! subject ( d]ision f e qu>t]--f ! birds ( ! air1 & f ! animals ( ! woods & pla9s4 ,to complete 8 sad case1 ! wolves ate ! breakfa/ he _h left b5ea? ! tree4 ,at l5g? a good be> came to 8 rescue & releas$ him1 :5 ! god disclos$ 8 div9e intuitions1 = he return$ home1 & )\t delay beat 8 two wives4 ,fur!rmore1 we are told ( ! ,we/ ,indian tribes1 h[1 if any p]son go+ ?r\gh a wood p]ceiv$ a motion 9 ! trees :i* he reg>d$ z sup]natural1 fright5$ at ! prodigy1 he w\ld address himself to t tree :i* %ook ! mo/4 ,b su* trees1 h[ev]1 did n condesc5d to conv]se1 b ord]$ him to g to a boie1 or prie/1 :o w\ld ord] him to sacrifice to _! new deity4#be ,f ! same s\rce we also le>n#bf h[ among savage tribes ^? plants t produce great t]rors1 excitem5t1 or a le?>gic /ate1 are suppos$ to conta9 a sup]natural be+4 ,h5ce 9 ,p]u1 tobacco is kn[n z ! sacr$ h]b1 & f its invigorat+ effect sup]/iti\s v5]ation is paid to ! we$4 ,_m o!r plants h simil> respect %[n to !m1 & are us$ z talismans4 ,poison\s plants1 aga91 f _! deadly prop]ties1 h be5 held 9 ! same repute2#bg & x is a v common practice among ,am]ican ,indians to hang a small bag conta9+ poison\s h]bs ar\nd ! neck ( a *ild1 z a talisman aga9/ diseases or attacks f wild bea/s4 ,x is commonly suppos$ t a *ild s protect$ is pro( aga9/ e hurtful influ5ce1 f ! fact ( its be+ "u ! protection ( ! special spirits associat$ ) ! plant x we>s4 ,aga91 closely alli$ to beliefs ( ?is k9d is ! notion ( plants z ! habitation ( ! dep>t+ s\l1 f\nd$ on ! old doctr9e ( transmigration4 ,h5ce1 ref]r+ to bygone times1 we are told by ,emp$ocles t !re are two de/9ies = ! s\ls ( highe/ virtue --to pass ei!r into trees or into ! bodies ( lions4#bh ,among/ ! num]\s illu/rations ( ?is my?ological conception may be notic$ ! /ory told by ,ovid1#bi :o relates h[ ,baucis & ,philemon 7 rew>d$ 9 ?is mann] = _! *>ity to ,zeus1 :o came a poor w&]] to _! home4 ,x appe>s t !y n only liv$ to an extreme old age1 b at ! la/ 7 trans=m$ into trees4 ,ovid1 also1 tells h[ ! gods li/5$ to ! pray] ( p5it5t ,myrrha1 & ev5tually turn$ h] into a tree4 ,al?\gh1 z ,mr4 ,ke>y rem>ks1 %e has lo/ und]/&+ ) h] =m] %ape1 %e /ill weeps1 & ! drops :i* fall f h] b>k 7i4e41 ! myrrh7 pres]ve ! /ory ( _! mi/ress1 s t %e w be =gott5 9 no age to come4 ,! si/]s ( ,pha?on1 bewail+ 8 dea? on ! %ores ( ,eridanus1 7 *ang$ into popl>s4 ,we may1 too1 comp>e ! /ory ( ,daphne & ,syr9x1 :o1 :5 !y c\ld no long] elude ! pursuit ( ,apollo & ,pan1 *ange !mselves into a laurel & a re$4 ,9 mod]n times1 ,tasso & ,sp5s] h giv5 u graphic pictures bas$ on ?is primitive phase ( belief2 & x may be rememb]$ h[ ,dante pass$ ?r\gh t leafless wood1 9 ! b>k ( e tree ( :i* 0 imprison$ a suicide4 ,9 ,g]man folk-lore#cj ! s\l is suppos$ to take ! =m ( a fl[]1 z a lily or :ite rose2 & accord+ to a popul> belief1 "o ( ^! fl[]s appe>s on ! *airs ( ^? ab\t to die4 ,9 ! same way1 f ! grave ( "o unju/ly execut$ :ite lilies are said to spr+ z a tok5 ( ! p]son's innoc5ce2 & f t ( a maid51 ?ree lilies :i* no "o save h] lov] mu/ ga!r4 ,! sex1 moreov]1 x may be not$1 is kept up ev5 9 ?is species ( metempsy*osis#ca4 ,?us1 9 a ,s]vian folk-song1 !re gr[s out ( ! y\?'s body a gre5 fir1 out ( ! maid5's a r$ rose1 :i* entw9e toge!r4 ,among/ fur!r in/ances quot$ by ,grimm1 we are told h[1 a *ild c>ries home a bud :i* ! angel _h giv5 him 9 ! wood1 :5 ! rose blooms ! *ild is dead4 ,! ,lay ( ,eunzifal makes a black?orn %oot out ( ! bodies ( sla9 hea!ns1 a :ite fl[] by ! heads ( fall5 ,*ri/ians4 ,x is to ?is notion t ,%akespe>e alludes 9 ,hamlet1 :]e ,la]tes wi%es t violets may spr+ f ! grave ( ,ophelia 7v4 ,i73 ,lay h] 9 ! e>?1 ,& f h] fair & unpollut$ fle% ,may violets spr+4 ,a passage :i* is almo/ id5tical to "o 9 ! ,satires ( ,p]sius 7i4 #ci73 ,e tumulo =tunataque favilla1 ,nasc5tur violae2 ,& an idea1 too1 :i* ,t5nyson seems to h borr[$3 ,& f 8 a%es may be made1 ,! violet ( 8 native l&4 ,aga91 9 ! well-kn[n /ory ( ,tri/ram & ,ysonde1 a fur!r ref]5ce occurs3 ,f 8 grave !re grew an eglant9e :i* tw9$ ab\t ! /atue1 a m>vel = all m5 to see2 & ?\gh ?ree times !y cut x d[n1 x grew aga91 & ev] w\nd its arms ab\t ! image ( ! fair ,ysonde#cb4 ,9 ! ,scotti% ballad ( ,fair ,m>g>et & ,sweet ,william1 x is relat$-- ,out ( h] brea/ !re sprang a rose1 ,& out ( 8 a bri>2 ,!y grew till !y grew unto ! *ur* top1 ,& !re !y ti$ 9 a true lov]s' knot4 ,! same idea has prevail$ to a l>ge ext5t among savage races4 ,?us1 "s ( ! ,nor?-,we/]n ,indians believ$ t ^? :o di$ a natural dea? w\ld be compell$ to dwell among ! bran*es ( tall trees4 ,! ,brazilians h a my?ological "* call$ ,mani--a *ild :o di$ & 0 buri$ 9 ! h\se ( h] "m4 ,soon a plant sprang out ( ! grave1 :i* grew1 fl\ri%$1 & bore fruit4 ,?is plant1 says ,mr4 ,dorman1#cc 0 ! ,m&ioca1 nam$ f ,mani1 & ,oca1 h\se4 ,by ! ,mexicans m>igolds are kn[n z dea?-fl[]s1 f a leg5d t !y sprang up on ! gr\nd /a9$ by1 ! life-blood ( ^? :o fell victims to ! love ( gold & cruelty ( ! e>ly ,spani% settl]s 9 ,am]ica4 ,among ! ,virg9ian tribes1 too1 r$ clov] 0 suppos$ to h sprung f & to be col\r$ by ! blood ( ! r$ m5 sla9 9 battle1 ) :i* may be comp>$ ! well-kn[n leg5d connect$ ) ! lily ( ! valley =m]ly curr5t 9 ,/4 ,leon>d's ,=e/1 ,sussex4 ,x is report$ to h sprung f ! blood ( ,/4 ,leon>d1 :o once enc\nt]$ a mighty worm1 or fire-drake1 9 ! =e/1 engag+ ) x = ?ree successive days4 ,ev5tually ! sa9t came (f victori\s1 b n )\t be+ s]i\sly w\nd$2 & :]ev] 8 blood 0 %$ !re sprang up lilies ( ! valley 9 pr(usion4 ,aft] ! battle ( ,t[ton a c]ta9 k9d ( wild rose is report$ to h sprung up 9 ! field :]e ! ,yorki/s & ,lanca/rians fell1 only !re to be f\nd3 ,!re /ill wild roses gr[+1 ,frail tok5s ( ! fray2 ,& ! h$g][ gre5 be>s witness ,( ,t[ton field t day4#cc ,9 fact1 !re are num]\s leg5ds ( ?is k9d2 & x may be rememb]$ h[ ,defoe1 9 8 ,t\r ?r\gh ,great ,brita91 speaks ( a c]ta9 camp call$ ,b>r[ ,hill1 add+1 !y say ?is 0 a ,dani% camp1 & ev]y?+ h]eab\t is attribut$ to ! ,danes1 because ( ! neighb\r+ ,dav5try1 :i* !y suppose to be built by !m4 ,! road h]eab\ts too1 be+ ov]gr[n ) ,dane-we$1 !y fancy x sprung f ! blood ( ,danes sla9 9 battle1 & t if cut ^u a c]ta9 day 9 ! ye>1 x ble$s4#cd ,simil>ly1 ! r$ poppies :i* foll[$ ! pl\gh+ ( ! field ( ,wat]loo aft] ! ,duke ( ,well+ton's victory 7 said to h sprung f ! blood ( ! troops :o fell dur+ ! engagem5t2#ce & ! fruit ( ! mulb]ry1 :i* 0 orig9ally :ite1 tradition tells u became empurpl$ ?r\gh human blood1 a notion :i* 9 ,g]many expla9s ! col\r ( ! hea!r4 ,once m1 ! m&rake1 accord+ to a sup]/ition curr5t 9 ,france & ,g]many1 sprang up :]e ! pres5ce ( a crim9al _h pollut$ ! gr\nd1 & h5ce ! old belief t x 0 g5]ally f\nd ne> a gall[s4 ,9 ,icel& x is commonly said t :5 innoc5t p]sons are put to dea? ! sorb or m\nta9 a% w spr+ up ov] _! graves4 ,simil> traditions clu/] r\nd num]\s o!r plants1 :i*1 ap>t f be+ a revival ( a v e>ly primitive belief1 =m "o ( ! prettie/ *apt]s ( our leg5d>y tales4 ,al?\gh f\nd "u a v>iety ( =ms1 & 9 "s cases sadly corrupt$ f ! dress !y orig9ally wore1 yet 9 _! ma9 features !y h n lo/ _! individuality1 b /ill reta9 _! di/9ctive "*4 ,9 connection ) ! my?s ( plant life may be notic$ t curi\s species ( exotic plants1 commonly kn[n z s5sitive plants1 & :i* h g5]ally attract$ consid]able int]e/ f _! irritability :5 t\*$4 ,%elley has immortalis$ ?is curi\s freak ( plant life 9 8 *>m+ poem1 :]e9 he relates h[1 ,! s5sitive plant 0 ! e>lie/1 ,up-ga!r$ into ! bosom ( re/2 ,a sweet *ild we>y ( its delight1 ,! feeble/ & yet ! fav\rite1 ,cradl$ )9 ! embrace ( night4 ,:o c wond]1 on gaz+ at "o ( ^! wond]ful plants1 t primitive & uncultur$ tribes %\ld h reg>d$ su* my/]i\s & inexplicable movem5ts z indications ( a di/9ct p]sonal life4 ,h5ce1 z ,d>w9 9 8 ,movem5ts ( ,plants rem>ks3 :y a t\*1 slight pressure1 or any o!r irritant1 su* z electricity1 heat1 or ! absorption ( animal matt]1 %\ld modify ! turgesc5ce ( ! affect$ cells 9 su* a mann] z to cause movem5t1 we d n "k4 ,b a t\* acts 9 ?is mann] s (t51 & on su* widely di/9ct plants1 t ! t5d5cy seems to be a v g5]al "o2 &1 if b5eficial1 x might be increas$ to any ext5t4 ,if1 !re=e1 "o ( ! mo/ em95t ( rec5t sci5tific botani/s confess$ 8 inability to expla9 ?is /range peculi>ity1 we may excuse ! savage if he reg>d x z ano!r pro( ( a di/9ct p]sonality 9 plant life4 ,?us1 "s ye>s ago1 a correspond5t ( ! ,botanical ,regi/]1 describ+ ! toad or*is 7,megacl9ium bufo71 amus+ly spoke z foll[s ( its ecc5tric movem5ts3 ,let ! read] imag9e a gre5 snake to be press$ flat l a dri$ fl[]1 & !n to h a road ( toads1 or "s su* speckl$ reptiles1 drawn up along ! middle 9 s+le file1 _! backs set up1 _! =elegs sprawl+ "r & left1 & _! m\?s wide op51 ) a l>ge purple tongue wagg+ ab\t convulsively1 & a pretty consid]able approa* w be ga9$ to an idea ( ?is plant1 :i*1 if ,py?agoras _h b kn[n ( x1 w\ld h r5d]$ all argum5ts ab\t ! transmigration ( s\ls sup]flu\s4 ,b1 ap>t f ! ve9 ( jocul>ity runn+ ?r\gh ^! rem>ks1 su* /rik+ vegetable ph5om5a are sci5tifically z great a puzzle to ! botani/ z _! movem5ts are to ! savage1 ! latt] reg>d+ !m z ! outw>d visible expression ( a real inw>d p]sonal exi/5ce4 ,b1 to quote ano!r k9d ( sympa?y betwe5 human be+s & c]ta9 plants1 ! ,c+alese h a notion t ! cocoa-nut plant )]s away :5 beyond ! rea* ( a human voice1 & t ! v]va9 & borage w only ?rive ne> man's dwell+s4 ,once m1 ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&]s affirm t ! sc5t is ! _s ( a fl[]1 & t ! dead may be su/a9$ by _! fragrance1 !y cov] _! newly-made graves ) _m a sweet smell+ blossom4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 #ahgc1 i4 #dgd-e2 also ,dorman's ,primitive ,sup]/itions1 #ahha1 p4 #bid4 #b4 ,primitive ,culture1 i4 #dgf-g4 #c4 ,jones's ,ojibways1 p4 #ajd4 #d4 ,m>sd5's ,hi/ory ( ,sumatra1 p4 #cja4 #e4 ,m>9]'s ,tonga ,isl&s1 ii4 #acg4 #f4 ,/4 ,john1 ,f> ,ea/1 i4 #ahg4 #g4 ,see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 i4 #dge4 #h4 ,dorman's ,primitive ,sup]/itions1 p4 #bid2 also ,s*oolcraft's ,indian ,tribes4 #i4 ,see ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 iii4 #fa4 #aj4 ,orig9 ( ,civilisation1 #ahgj1 p4 #aib4 ,see ,leslie ,=bes' ,e>ly ,races ( ,scotl&1 i4 #aga4 #aa4 ,folk>d's ,plant-lore1 ,leg5ds1 & ,lyrics1 p4 #dfc4 #ab4 ,conway's ,my/ic ,trees & ,fl[]s1 ,blackwood's ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #eid4 #ac4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 i4 #bab4 #ad4 ,see ,black's ,folk-,m$ic9e4 #ae4 ,my/ic ,trees & ,fl[]s1 p4 #eid4 #af4 ,primitive ,culture1 ii4 #bae4 #ag4 ,metam41 viii4 #gdb-hci2 also ,grimm's ,teut4 ,my?41 #ahhc1 ii4 #iec-d #ah4 ,grimm's ,teut4 ,my?41 ii4 #fec4 #ai4 ,quot$ 9 ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 ii4 #bba4 #bj4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 ii4 #gb1 #gc4 #ba4 ,ibid41 p4 #bai4 #bb4 ,sup]/itions ( ,mod]n ,greece1 by ,m4 ,le ,b>on d',e/\rnelles1 9 ,n9ete5?1 ,c5tury1 ,april #ahhb1 pp4 #cid1 #cie4 #bc4 ,see ,dorman's ,primitive ,sup]/itions1 p4 #bhh4 #bd4 ,! ,tempe/1 act i4 sc4 #b4 #be4 ,dorman's ,primitive ,sup]/itions1 p4 #bhh4 #bf4 ,ibid41 p4 #bie4 #bg4 ,see *apt] on ,demonology4 #bh4 ,see ,ke>y's ,outl9es ( ,primitive ,belief1 #ahhb1 pp4 #ff-g4 #bi4 ,metam41 viii4 #gad3-- ,frond]e ,philemona ,baucis1 ,baucida conspexit s5ior frond]e ,philemon4 444 ',valeque1 ,o conjux6' dix]e simul1 simul abdita texit ,ora frutex4 #cj4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 i4 #bij1 iii4 #bga4 #ca4 ,grimm's ,teut4 ,my?ology1 ii4 #hbg4 #cb4 ,cox & ,jones' ,popul> ,romances ( ! ,middle ,ages1 #ahhj1 p4 #aci #cc4 ,smi?'s ,brazil1 p4 #ehf2 ,primitive ,sup]/itions1 p4 #bic4 #cd4 ,see ,folk>d's ,plant-lore1 ,leg5ds1 & ,lyrics1 p4 #ebd4 #ce4 ,see ! ,g>d5]s' ,*ronicle1 #ahge1 p4 #cae4 #cf4 ,accord+ to ano!r leg5d1 =get-me-nots sprang up4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,primitive ,,& ,,savage ,,notions ,,respect+ ,,plants ,! desc5t ( ! human race f a tree--h[ev] :imsical su* a notion may seem--0 a belief once receiv$ z sob] fact1 & ev5 n[-a-days c be trac$ among/ ! traditions ( _m races4#a ,?is primitive idea ( man's creation probably orig9at$ 9 ! my? ( ,yggdrasil1 ! ,tree ( ! ,univ]se1#b ar\nd :i* s mu* leg5d>y lore has clu/]$1 & = a full explanation ( :i* an imm5se am\nt ( le>n+ has be5 exp5d$1 al?\gh ! /ud5t ( my?ology has nev] yet be5 able to arrive at any def9ite solution on ?is deeply intricate subject4 ,)\t ent]+ into ! _m !ories propos$ 9 connection ) ?is my?ical tree1 x no d\bt repres5t$ ! life-giv+ =ces ( nature4 ,x is g5]ally suppos$ to h be5 an a% tree1 b1 z ,mr4 ,conway#c po9ts out1 !re is reason to ?9k t ?r\gh ! conflu5ce ( traditions o!r sacr$ trees bl5d$ ) x4 ,?us1 :ile ! a% be>s no fruit1 ! ,eddas describe ! />s z ! fruit ( ,yggdrasil4 ,mr4 ,?orpe1#d aga91 consid]s x id5tical ) ! ,robur ,jovis1 or sacr$ oak ( ,geism>1 de/roy$ by ,boniface1 & ! ,irm9sul ( ! ,saxons1 ! ,columna ,univ]salis1 ! t]re/rial tree ( (f]+s1 an emblem ( ! :ole _w4 ,at any rate ! tree ( ! _w1 & ! greate/ ( all trees1 has long be5 id5tifi$ 9 ! nor!rn my?ology z ! a% tree1#e a fact :i* acc\nts = ! weird "* assign$ to x among/ all ! ,teutonic & ,sc&9avian nations1 frequ5t illu/rations ( :i* w occur 9 ! pres5t volume4 ,ref]r+ to ! desc5t ( man f ! tree1 we may quote ! ,edda1 accord+ to :i* all mank9d are desc5d$ f ! a% & ! elm4 ,! /ory runs t z ,odh9n & 8 two bro!rs 7 j\rney+ ov] ! e>? !y discov]$ ^! two /ocks void ( future1 & brea!d into !m ! p[] ( life#f3 ,_s !y own$ n1 ,s5se !y _h n1 ,blood nor vig\r1 ,nor col\r fair4 ,_s gave ,odh9n1 ,?\ght gave ,ho5ir1 ,blood gave ,lodr ,& col\r fair4 ,?is notion ( tree-desc5t appe>s to h be5 popul>ly believ$ 9 old5 days 9 ,italy & ,greece1 illu/rations ( :i* occur 9 ! lit]ature ( t p]iod4 ,?us ,virgil writes 9 ! ,a,eneid#g3 ,^! woods 7 fir/ ! seat ( sylvan p[]s1 ,( nymphs & fauns1 & savage m5 :o took ,_! bir? f trunks ( trees & /ubborn oak4 ,romulus & ,remus _h be5 f\nd "u ! fam\s ,ficus ,rum9alis1 :i* seems to sugge/ a connection ) a tree p>5tage4 ,x is true1 z ,mr4 ,ke>y rem>ks1#h t1 9 ! leg5d :i* we h receiv$ x is 9 ?is in/ance only a case ( f9d+2 b if we c\ld g back to an e>li] tradition1 we %\ld probably see t ! relation betwe5 ! my?ical times & ! tree _h be5 m intimate4 ,juv5al1 x may be rememb]$1 gives a fur!r allusion to tree desc5t 9 8 six? satire#i3 ,= :5 ! _w 0 new1 ! race t broke ,unfa!r$1 f ! soil or op5+ oak1 ,liv$ mo/ unlike ! m5 ( lat] times4 ,9 ,greece ! oak z well z ! a% 0 acc\nt$ a tree :5ce m5 _h sprung2 h5ce 9 ! ,odyssey1 ! disguis$ h]o is ask$ to /ate 8 p$igree1 s9ce he mu/ necess>ily h "o2 =1 says ! int]rogator1 belike y are n come ( ! oak told ( 9 old times1 nor ( ! rock4#aj ,hesiod tells u h[ ,jove made ! ?ird or braz5 race out ( a% trees1 & ,hesy*ius speaks ( ! fruit ( ! a% ! race ( m54 ,phoroneus1 aga91 accord+ to ! ,grecian leg5d1 0 born ( ! a%1 & we "k1 too1 h[ among ! ,greeks c]ta9 families kept up ! idea ( a tree p>5tage2 ! ,pelopidae hav+ be5 said to be desc5d$ f ! plane4 ,among ! ,p]sians ! ,a*aem5idae _h ! same tradition respect+ ! orig9 ( _! h\se4#aa ,f ! num]\s in/ances illu/rative ( tree-desc5t1 x is evid5t1 z ,mr4 ,ke>y po9ts out1 t1 !re 0 once a full] mean+ ?an metaphor 9 ! language :i* spoke ( ! roots & bran*es ( a family1 or 9 su* expressions z ! pa!tic ,ah1 woe1 belov$ %oot6 ( ,euripides4#ab ,fur!rmore1 z he adds1 ,ev5 :5 ! lit]al notion ( ! desc5t f a tree _h be5 lo/ sight (1 ! close connection betwe5 ! prosp]ity ( ! tribe & ! life ( its feti% 0 (t5 /rictly held4 ,! village tree ( ! ,g]man races 0 orig9ally a tribal tree1 ) ^: exi/5ce ! life ( ! village 0 involv$2 & :5 we read ( ,*ri/ian sa9ts & confessors1 t !y made a po9t ( cutt+ d[n ^! half idols1 we _c wond] at ! rage !y call$ =?1 nor t !y (t5 paid ! p5alty ( _! c\rage4 ,simil>ly we c und]/& ! v5]ation be/[$ on ! =e/ tree f associations ( ?is k9d4 ,consequ5tly1 z x has be5 rem>k$1#ac ,at a "t :5 rude beg9n+s 7 all t 7 ( ! build]'s art1 ! human m9d mu/ h be5 r\s$ to a high] devotion by ! sight ( l(ty trees "u an op5 sky1 ?an x c\ld feel inside ! /unt$ /ructures re>$ by unskill$ h&s4 ,:5 long aft]w>ds ! ar*itecture peculi> to ! ,teutonic rea*$ its p]fection1 did x n 9 its bolde/ creations /ill aim at reproduc+ ! so>+ trees ( ! =e/8 ,w\ld n ! abortion ( mis]ably c>v$ or *isell$ images lag f> beh9d ! =m ( ! god :i* ! y\?ful imag9ation ( antiquity pictur$ to itself ?ron$ on ! b[]y summit ( a sacr$ tree4 ,x has be5 ask$ :e!r ! idea ( ! ,yggdrasil & ! tree-desc5t may n be connect$ ) ! tree ( life ( ,g5esis4 ,)\t1 h[ev]1 ent]+ into a discussion on ?is complex po9t1 x is wor?y ( note t 9 sev]al ( ! primitive my?ologies we f9d di/9ct c\nt]p>ts ( ! biblical acc\nt ( ! tree ( life2 & x seems q possible t ^! corrupt =ms ( ! ,mosaic hi/ory ( creation may1 9 a measure1 h sugge/$ ! conception ( ! _w tree1 & ! desc5t ( mank9d f a tree4 ,on ?is subject ! late ,mr4 ,r4,j4 ,k+#ad has giv5 u ! foll[+ int]e/+ rem>ks 9 8 pap] on ,sacr$ ,trees & ,fl[]s3 ,h[ f> ! religi\s sy/ems ( ! great nations ( antiquity 7 affect$ by ! record ( ! creation & fall pres]v$ 9 ! op5+ *apt]s ( ,g5esis1 x is n1 p]haps1 possible to det]m9e4 ,!re are c]ta9 po9ts ( resemblance :i* are at lea/ rem>kable1 b :i* we may assign1 if we please1 ei!r to indep5d5t tradition1 or to a natural developm5t ( ! e>lie/ or primeval p]iod4 ,! trees ( life & ( k are at once sugge/$ by ! my/]i\s sacr$ tree :i* appe>s 9 ! mo/ anci5t sculptures & pa9t+s ( ,egypt & ,assyria1 & 9 ^? ( ! remot] ,ea/4 ,9 ! symbolism ( ^! nations ! sacr$ tree sometimes figures z a type ( ! univ]se1 & repres5ts ! :ole sy/em ( creat$ ?+s1 b m frequ5tly z a tree ( life1 by ^: fruit ! vot>ies ( ! gods 7& 9 "s cases ! gods !mselves7 are n\ri%$ ) div9e /r5g?1 & are prep>$ = ! joys ( immortality4 ,! mo/ anci5t types ( ?is my/ical tree ( life are ! date palm1 ! fig1 & ! p9e or c$>4 ,by way ( illu/ration1 x may be not$ t ! anci5t ,egyptians _h _! leg5d ( ! ,tree ( ,life4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 _! sacr$ books t ,osiris ord]$ ! names ( s\ls to be writt5 on ?is tree ( life1 ! fruit ( :i* made ^? :o ate x become z gods4#ae ,among ! mo/ anci5t traditions ( ! ,h9doos is t ( ! tree ( life--call$ ,soma 9 ,sanskrit--! juice ( :i* imp>t$ immortality2 ?is m>vell\s tree be+ gu>d$ by spirits4 ,com+ d[n to lat] times1 ,virgil speaks ( a sacr$ tree 9 a mann] :i* ,grimm#af consid]s highly sugge/ive ( ! ,yggdrasil3 ,jove's own tree1 ,high z 8 topmo/ b\ghs to heav5 asc5d1 ,s l[ 8 roots to hell's dom9ions t5d4 ,z already m5tion$1 num]\s leg5d>y /ories h become int]wov5 ) ! my? ( ! ,yggdrasil1 ! foll[+ sacr$ "o comb9+ ! idea ( tree-desc5t4 ,accord+ to a tr\v]e ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1#ag ,! tree ( life 01 a ?\s& ye>s aft] ! s9 ( ! fir/ man1 transplant$ f ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed5 to ! ,g>d5 ( ,abraham1 & an angel came f heav5 to tell ! patri>* t ^u ?is tree %\ld hang ! fre$om ( mank9d4 ,b fir/ f ! same tree ( life ,jesus %\ld be born1 & 9 ! foll[+ wise4 ,fir/ 0 to be born a knight1 ,fan\el1 :o1 ?r\gh ! sc5t m]ely ( ! fl[] ( t liv+ tree1 %\ld be eng5d]$ 9 ! womb ( a virg92 & ?is knight aga91 )\t kn[+ woman1 %\ld give bir? to ,/4 ,anne1 ! "m ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y4 ,bo? ^! wond]s fell out z !y 7 =etold4 ,a virg9 bore ,fan\el by smell+ ! tree2 & ,fan\el hav+ once come unaw>es to t tree ( life1 & cut a fruit f x1 wip$ 8 knife aga9/ 8 ?igh1 9 :i* he inflict$ a slight w\nd1 & ?us let 9 "s ( ! juice4 ,pres5tly 8 ?igh began to swell1 & ev5tually ,/4 ,anne 0 born !refrom4 ,b turn+ to survivals ( ?is =m ( animism among uncultur$ tribes1 we may quote ! ,dam>as1 a ,s\? ,african race1 ) :om a tree is suppos$ to be ! univ]sal prog5itor1 two ( :i* divide ! hon\r4#ah ,accord+ to _! cre$1 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ?+s !re 0 a tree1 & out ( ?is tree came ,dam>as1 bu%m51 ox51 & zebras4 ,! ,dam>as lit a fire :i* fright5$ away ! bu%m5 & ! ox51 b ! zebras rema9$4 ,h5ce x is t bu%m5 & wild bea/s live toge!r 9 all sorts ( inaccessible places1 :ile ! ,dam>as & ox5 possess ! l&4 ,! tree gave bir? to ev]y?+ else t lives4 ,! natives ( ! ,philipp9es1 writes ,mr4 ,m>sd5 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,sumatra1 h a curi\s tradition ( tree-desc5t1 & 9 accordance ) _! belief1 ,! _w at fir/ consi/$ only ( sky & wat]1 & betwe5 ^! two a gl$e2 :i*1 we>y ) fly+ ab\t1 & f9d+ no place to re/1 set ! wat] at v>iance ) ! sky1 :i*1 9 ord] to keep x 9 b\nds1 & t x %\ld n get upp]mo/1 load$ ! wat] ) a numb] ( isl&s1 9 :i* ! gl$e might settle & leave !m at peace4 ,mank9d1 !y said1 sprang out ( a l>ge cane ) two jo9ts1 t1 float+ ab\t 9 ! wat]1 0 at l5g? ?r[n by ! waves aga9/ ! feet ( ! gl$e z x /ood on %ore1 :i* op5$ x ) its bill2 ! man came out ( "o jo9t1 ! woman out ( ! o!r4 ,^! 7 soon aft] m>ri$ by ! cons5t ( _! god1 ,ba?ala ,meycapal1 :i* caus$ ! fir/ trembl+ ( ! e>?1#ai & f !nce are desc5d$ ! diff]5t nations ( ! _w4 ,sev]al int]e/+ in/ances are giv5 by ,mr4 ,dorman1 :o tells u h[ ! natives ab\t ,sag9aw _h a tradition ( a boy :o sprang f a tree )9 :i* 0 buri$ "o ( _! tribe4 ,! f\nd]s ( ! ,miztec mon>*y are said to be desc5d$ f two maje/ic trees t /ood 9 a gorge ( ! m\nta9 ( ,apoala4 ,! ,*iapanecas _h a tradition t !y sprang f ! roots ( a silk cotton tree2 :ile ! ,zapotecas attribut$ _! orig9 to trees1 _! cypresses & palms (t5 receiv+ (f]+s ( inc5se & o!r gifts4 ,! ,tamanaquas ( ,s\? ,am]ica h a tradition t ! human race sprang f ! fruits ( ! date palm aft] ! ,mexican age ( wat]4#bj ,aga91 our ,engli% nurs]y fable ( ! p>sley-b$1 9 :i* little /rang]s are discov]$1 is p]haps1 ,a remnant ( a full] tradition1 l t ( ! woodpeck] among ! ,romans1 & t ( ! /ork among our ,cont95tal k9sm54#ba ,bo? ^! birds hav+ _h a my/ic celebrity1 ! =m] z ! fire-s++ bird & gu>dian g5ius ( *ildr51 ! latt] z ! baby-br+]4#bb ,9 ,sat]l& x is said infants are fet*$ out ( ! cabbage1 & 9 ! ,walloon "p ( ,belgium !y are suppos$ to make _! appe>ance 9 ! p>son's g>d54 ,once m1 a holl[ tree ov]hang+ a pool is kn[n 9 _m places1 bo? 9 ,nor? & ,s\? ,g]many1 z ! fir/ abode ( unborn infants1 v>iations ( ?is primitive belief be+ f\nd 9 diff]5t localities4 ,simil> /ories are v num]\s1 & "u v>i\s =ms are f\nd 9 ! leg5d>y lore & folk-tales ( mo/ c\ntries4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see ,ke>y's ,outl9es ( ,primitive ,belief1 #ahhb1 pp4 #fb-c4 #b4 ,see ,grimm's ,teutonic ,my?ology1 #ahhc1 ii4 #gif-hjj2 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 cxiv4 #bbd2 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 i4 #aed2 ,asg>d & ! ,gods1 edit$ by ,w4 ,s4 ,w4 ,anson1 #ahbb1 pp4 #bf1 #bg4 #c4 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #eig4 #d4 ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 i4 #aed-e4 #e4 ,see ,max ,mill]'s ,*ips f a ,g]man ,work%op4 #f4 ,see ,ke>y's ,outl9es ( ,primitive ,belief1 p4 #fd4 #g4 ,book viii4 p4 #cad4 #h4 ,outl9es ( ,primitive ,belief1 p4 #fc4 #i4 ,gif=d4 #aj4 ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-lore1 p4 #adc4 #aa4 ,ke>y's ,outl9es ( ,primitive ,belief1 p4 #fc2 ,fiske1 ,my? & ,my? ,mak]s1 #ahgc1 pp4 #fd-e4 #ab4 ,primitive ,belief1 p4 #fe4 #ac4 ,grimm's ,teutonic ,my?ology1 i4 #fi4 #ad4 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 #ahfc1 cxiv4 #bad-ae4 #ae4 ,see ,buns5's ,! ,keys ( ,/ ,pet]1 c41 #ahfg1 p4 #dad4 #af4 ,teutonic ,my?ology4 #ag4 ,quot$ by ,mr4 ,ke>y f ,l]\x de ,l9cy1 ,le ,livre des ,lg5des1 p4 #bd4 #ah4 ,gallon's ,s\? ,africa1 p4 #ahh4 #ai4 ,primitive ,sup]/itions1 p4 #bhi4 #bj4 ,folk>d's ,plant ,lore1 p4 #caa4 #ba4 ,indo-,european ,folk-lore1 p4 #ib4 #bb4 ,grimm's ,teutonic ,my?ology1 ii4 #fgb-c4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,plant-,,wor%ip4 ,a =m ( religion :i* seems to h be5 widely-di/ribut$ among/ mo/ races ( mank9d at a c]ta9 /age ( _! m5tal culture is plant-wor%ip4 ,h5ce x holds a prom95t place 9 ! hi/ory ( primitive belief1 & at ! pres5t day prevails l>gely among rude & uncivilis$ races1 survivals ( :i* ev5 l+] on 9 our own c\ntry4 ,to trace back ! hi/ory ( plant-wor%ip w\ld necessitate an inquiry into ! orig9 & developm5t ( ! nature-wor%ipp+ phase ( religi\s belief4 ,su* a subject ( rese>* w\ld introduce u to ^? pre-hi/oric days :5 human intellig5ce _h succe$$ only 9 select+ = wor%ip ! gr& & impos+ objects ( sight & s5se4 ,h5ce1 z ,mr4 ,ke>y obs]ves1#a ,! gods ( ! e>ly _w are ! rock & ! m\nta91 ! tree1 ! riv]1 ! sea2 & ,mr4 ,f]gusson#b is ( op9ion t tree-wor%ip1 9 association ) s]p5t-wor%ip1 mu/ be reckon$ z ! primitive fai? ( mank9d4 ,9 ! previ\s *apt] we h already po9t$ out h[ ! animi/ic !ory :i* inve/$ ! tree & grove ) a consci\s p]sonality acc\nts = mu* ( ! wor%ip & homage orig9ally ascrib$ to !m--id5tifi$1 too1 z !y 7 lat] on1 ) ! habitations ( c]ta9 spirits4 ,:e!r view$1 !re=e1 9 ! light ( pa/ or mod]n inquiry1 we f9d scatt]$ ?r\gh\t mo/ c\ntries v>i\s phases ( plant-wor%ip1 a /rik+ pro( ( its univ]sality 9 days gone by4#c ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,f]gusson1 tree-wor%ip has sprung f a p]ception ( ! beauty & utility ( trees4 ,) all _! poetry1 he argues1 & all _! usefulness1 we c h>dly feel a/oni%$ t ! primitive races ( mank9d %\ld h consid]$ trees z ! *oice/ gifts ( ! gods to m51 & %\ld h believ$ t _! spirits /ill delight$ to dwell among _! bran*es1 or spoke oracles ?r\gh ! ru/l+ ( _! leaves4 ,b ,mr4 ,mc,lennan#d does n consid] t ?is is conclusive1 add+ t su* a view ( ! subject1 ,does n at all meet ! case ( ! %rubs1 creep]s1 m>%-plants1 & we$s t h be5 wor%ipp$4 ,he w\ld r connect x ) ,totemism1#e urg+ t ! primitive /ages ( religi\s evolution g to %[ t1 ,! anci5t nations came1 9 pre-hi/oric times1 ?r\gh ! ,totem /age1 hav+ animals1 & plants1 & ! heav5ly bodies conceiv$ z animals1 = gods be=e ! an?ropomorphic gods appe>$2 ,:ile ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]#f aga9 consid]s t1 ,plant-wor%ip1 l ! wor%ip ( idols & animals1 is an ab]rant species ( ance/or-wor%ip--a species some:at m disguis$ ext]nally1 b hav+ ! same int]nal nature4 ,anyh[ ! subject is "o conc]n+ :i* ! comp>ative my?ologi/ has1 at diff]5t times1 drawn opposite !ories2 b ( ?is !re c be no d\bt1 t plant-wor%ip 0 a primitive fai? ( mank9d1 a fact 9 connection ) :i* we may quote ,sir ,john ,lubbock's words1#g h[1 ,by man 9 ?is /age ( progress ev]y?+ 0 reg>d$ z hav+ life1 & be+ m or less a deity4 ,inde$1 sacr$ riv]s appe> 9 ! v e>lie/ my?ologies :i* h be5 recov]$1 & l+]$ among ! la/ ve/iges ( hea!nism long aft] ! adv5t ( a pur] cre$4 ,z1 too1 x has be5 rem>k$1#h ,ei!r z direct objects ( wor%ip1 or z =m+ ! temple "u ^: solemn %ad[ o!r & remot] deities might be ador$1 !re is no "p ( ! _w 9 :i* trees h n be5 reg>d$ ) especial rev]5ce4 ',9 su* gre5 palaces ! fir/ k+s reign$2 ,slept 9 _! %ade1 & angels ent]ta9$4 ,) su* old c\nsellors !y did advise1 ,& by frequ5t+ sacr$ %ades grew wise4' ,ev5 ,p>adise itself1 says ,evelyn1 0 b a k9d ( 'nemor\s temple or sacr$ grove1' plant$ by ,god himself1 & giv5 to man tanquam primo sac]doti2 & he goes on to sugge/ t ! groves :i* ! patri>*s are record$ to h plant$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ,pale/9e may h be5 memorials ( t fir/ tree-%ad$ p>adise f :i* ,adam 0 expell$4 ,briefly notic+ ! antec$5t hi/ory ( plant-wor%ip1 x w\ld seem to h la9 at ! f\ndation ( ! old ,celtic cre$1 al?\gh few records on ?is po9t h come d[n to u4#i ,at any rate we h abundant evid5ce t ?is =m ( belief held a prom95t place 9 ! religion ( ^! p1 allusions to :i* are giv5 by _m ( ! e>ly classical writ]s4 ,?us ! v "n ( ,druidism is a pro( ( ! ,celtic addiction to tree-wor%ip1 & ,de ,brosses1#aj z a fur!r evid5ce t ?is 0 s1 w\ld d]ive ! ^w kirk1 n[ s(t5$ into *ur*1 f qu]cus1 an oak2 t species hav+ be5 peculi>ly sacr$4 ,simil>ly1 9 review+ ! old ,teutonic beliefs1 we come across ! same ref]5ces to tree-wor%ip1 9 _m respects display+ little or no di/9ction f t ( ! ,celts4 ,9 explanation ( ?is circum/ance1 ,mr4 ,ke>y#aa sugge/s t1 ,! nature ( ! ,teutonic beliefs w\ld apply1 ) only "s slight *anges1 to ! cre$ ( ! pr$ecessors ( ! ,g]mans 9 ,nor!rn & ,we/]n ,europe4 ,und\bt$ly1 9 prehi/oric days1 ! ,g]mans & ,celts m]g$ s mu* "o into ! o!r t _! hi/ories _c well be di/+ui%$4 ,mr4 ,f]gusson 9 8 elaborate rese>*es has trac$ _m indications ( tree-adoration 9 ,g]many1 notic+ _! cont9uance 9 ! ,*ri/ian p]iod1 z prov$ by ,grimm1 ^: op9ion is t1 ! fe/al univ]sal religion ( ! p _h its abode 9 woods1 :ile ! ,*ri/mas tree ( pres5t ,g]man celebration 9 all families is almo/ und\bt$ly a remnant ( ! tree-wor%ip ( _! ance/ors4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,f]gusson1 "o ( ! la/ & be/-kn[n examples ( ! v5]ation ( groves & trees by ! ,g]mans aft] _! conv]sion to ,*ri/ianity1 is t ( ! ,/ock am ,eis5 9 ,vi5na1 ,! sacr$ tree into :i* e appr5tice1 d[n to rec5t times1 be=e sett+ out on 8 ,w&]jahre1 drove a nail = luck4 ,x n[ /&s 9 ! c5tre ( t great capital1 ! la/ rema9+ ve/ige ( ! sacr$ grove1 r\nd :i* ! city has gr[n up1 & 9 sight ( ! pr\d ca!dral1 :i* has sup]s$$ & replac$ its m v5]able %ade4 ,equally und\bt$ is ! evid5ce ( tree-wor%ip 9 ,greece--p>ticul> trees hav+ be5 sacr$ to _m ( ! gods4 ,?us we h ! oak tree or bee* ( ,jupit]1 ! laurel ( ,apollo1 ! v9e ( ,bac*us4 ,! olive is ! well-kn[n tree ( ,m9]va4 ,! myrtle 0 sacr$ to ,aphrodite1 & ! apple ( ! ,hesp]ides belong$ to ,juno4#ab ,z a writ] too 9 ! ,ed9burgh ,review#ac rem>ks1 ,! oak grove at ,dodona is suffici5tly evid5t to all classic read]s to ne$ no detail$ m5tion ( its oracles1 or its highly sacr$ "*4 ,! sacrifice ( ,agamemnon 9 ,aulis1 z told 9 ! op5+ ( ! ',iliad1' connects ! tree & s]p5t wor%ip toge!r1 & ! wood ( ! sacr$ plane tree "u :i* ! sacrifice 0 made 0 pres]v$ 9 ! temple ( ,diana z a holy relic s late1 accord+ to ,pausanias1 z ! second c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,! same writ] fur!r adds t 9 ,italy traces ( tree-wor%ip1 if n s di/9ct & prom95t z 9 ,greece1 are nev]!less exi/5t4 ,romulus1 = in/ance1 is describ$ z hang+ ! arms & weapons ( ,acron1 ,k+ ( ,c59a1 ^u an oak tree held sacr$ by ! p1 :i* became ! site ( ! fam\s temple ( ,jupit]4 ,!n1 aga91 turn+ to ,bible hi/ory1#ad ! d5unciations ( tree-wor%ip are v frequ5t & m9ute1 n only 9 connection ) ! wor%ip ( ,baal1 b z m5tion$ 9 #b ,k+s ix43 ,& !y 7! *ildr5 ( ,israel7 set !mselves up images & groves 9 e high hill1 & "u e gre5 tree4 ,^! acts1 x has be5 rem>k$1 may be attributable m to h]etical idolatr\s practices into :i* ! ,jews _h tempor>ily fall5 9 imitation ( ! hea!n ar\nd !m1 b at ! same "t !y furni% ample pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( tree & grove wor%ip by ! hea!n nations ( ,syria z "o ( _! mo/ solemn rites4 ,b1 f ! p]iod ( ,k+ ,hezekiah d[n to ! ,*ri/ian era1 ,mr4 ,f]gusson f9ds no traces ( tree-wor%ip 9 ,judea4 ,9 ,assyria tree-wor%ip 0 a common =m ( idolatr\s v5]ation1 z prov$ by ,"l ,ab]de5's black-/one1 & _m ( ! plates 9 ! works ( ,lay>d & ,botta4#ae ,turn+ to ,india1 tree-wor%ip probably has always belong$ to ,aryan ,h9duism1 & z tree-wor%ip did n belong to ! aborig9al races ( ,india1 & 0 n adopt$ f !m1 x mu/ h =m$ "p ( ! pan!i/ic wor%ip ( ! ,v$ic sy/em :i* end[$ all creat$ ?+s ) a _s & life--a doctr9e :i* mod]n ,h9duism l>gely ext5d$#af4 ,?us :5 food is cook$1 an oblation is made by ! ,h9du to trees1 ) an appropriate invocation be=e ! food is eat54 ,! ,bo tree is ext5sively wor%ipp$ 9 ,india1 & ! ,toolsee plant 7,basil7 is held sacr$ to all gods--no oblation be+ consid]$ sacr$ )\t its leaves4 ,c]ta9 ( ! ,*ittagong hill tribes wor%ip ! bamboo1#ag & ,sir ,john ,lubbock1 quot+ f ,?ompson's ,travels 9 ! ,himalaya1 tells u t 9 ! ,simla hills ! ,cupressus toridosa is reg>d$ z a sacr$ tree4 ,fur!r in/ances might be enum]at$1 s g5]al is ?is =m ( religi\s belief4 ,9 an int]e/+ & valuable pap] by a ,b5gal civilian--intimately acqua9t$ ) ! c\ntry & p#ah--! writ] says3--,! contra/ betwe5 ! ackn[l$g$ hatr$ ( trees z a rule by ! ,bygas1#ai & _! deep v5]ation = c]ta9 o!rs 9 p>ticul>1 is v curi\s4 ,i h se5 ! hillsides swept cle> ( =e/s = miles ) b "h & !re a solit>y tree left /&+4 ,^! rema9 n[ ! objects ( ! deepe/ v5]ation4 ,s f> f be+ injur$ !y are c>efully pres]v$1 & receive (f]+s ( food1 clo!s1 & fl[]s f ! pass+ ,bygas1 :o firmly believe t tree to be ! home ( a _s4 ,to give ano!r illu/ration#bj1 x appe>s t 9 ,be]bhoom once a ye> ! :ole capital repairs to a %r9e 9 ! jungle1 & makes simple (f]+s to a gho/ :o dwells 9 ! ,bela tree4 ,! %r9e consi/s ( ?ree trees--a ,bela tree on ! left1 9 :i* ! gho/ resides1 & :i* is m>k$ at ! foot ) blood2 9 ! middle is a ,ka*mula tree1 & on ! "r a ,saura tree4 ,9 spite ( ! trees be+ at lea/ sev5ty ye>s old1 ! common p claim ! greate/ antiquity = ! %r9e1 & tradition says t ! ?ree trees t n[ m>k ! spot nei!r gr[ ?ick] nor increase 9 height1 b rema9 ! same = ev]4 ,a few ye>s ago ,dr4 ,george ,birwood contribut$ to ! ,a!naeum "s int]e/+ rem>ks on ,p]sian fl[]-wor%ip4 ,speak+ ( ! ,victoria ,g>d5s at ,bombay1 he says3--,a true ,p]sian 9 fl[+ robe ( blue1 & on 8 head 8 %eep-sk9 hat--black1 glossy1 curl$1 ! fleece ( ,k>-,kal--w\ld saunt] 91 & /& & m$itate ov] e fl[] he saw1 & always z if half 9 vision4 ,& :5 ! vision 0 fulfill$1 & ! ideal fl[] he 0 seek+ f\nd1 he w\ld spread 8 mat & sit be=e x until ! sett+ ( ! sun1 & !n pray be=e x1 & fold up 8 mat aga9 & g home4 ,& ! next night1 & night aft] night1 until t p>ticul> fl[] fad$ away1 he w\ld return to x1 & br+ 8 fri5ds 9 ev]-increas+ troops to x1 & sit & play ! guit> or lute be=e x1 & !y w\ld all toge!r pray !re1 & aft] pray] /ill sit be=e x sipp+ %]bet1 & talk+ ! mo/ hil>i\s & %ock+ sc&al1 late into ! moonlight2 & s aga9 & aga9 e ev5+ until ! fl[] di$4 ,sometimes1 by way ( a gr& f9ale1 ! :ole company w\ld sudd5ly rise be=e ! fl[] & s]5ade x1 toge!r ) an ode f ,hafiz1 & dep>t4 ,tree-wor%ip too has be5 m or less preval5t among ! ,am]ican ,indians1 abundant illu/rations ( :i* h be5 giv5 by travell]s at diff]5t p]iods4 ,9 _m cases a /rik+ simil>ity is noticeable1 %[+ a common orig91 a circum/ance :i* is important to ! /ud5t ( comp>ative my?ology :5 trac+ ! di/ribution ( religi\s beliefs4 ,! ,dacotahs wor%ip ! m$ic9e-wood1 s call$ f a belief t x 0 a g5ius :i* protect$ or puni%$ !m accord+ to _! m]its or dem]its4#ba ,d>w9#bb m5tions a tree ne> ,si5a de la ,v5tana to :i* ! ,indians paid homage z ! alt> ( ,wallee*u2 (f]+s ( cig>s1 bread1 & meat hav+ be5 susp5d$ ^u x by ?reads4 ,! tree 0 surr\nd$ by blea*$ bones ( horses t _h be5 sacrific$4 ,mr4 ,tylor#bc speaks ( an anci5t cypress exi/+ 9 ,mexico1 :i* he ?us describes3--,all ov] its bran*es 7 fa/5$ votive (f]+s ( ! ,indians1 hundr$s ( locks ( co>se black hair1 tee?1 bits ( col\r$ clo?1 rags1 & morsels ( ribbon4 ,! tree 0 _m c5turies old1 & _h probably _h "s my/]i\s influ5ce ascrib$ to x1 & be5 decorat$ ) su* simple (f]+s long be=e ! discov]y ( ,am]ica4 ,once m1 ! ,cal*aquis ( ,brazil#bd h be5 9 ! habit ( wor%ipp+ c]ta9 trees :i* 7 frequ5tly decorat$ by ! ,indians ) fea!rs2 & ,*>levoix n>rates ano!r int]e/+ in/ance ( tree-wor%ip3--,=m]ly ! ,indians 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,acadia _h 9 _! c\ntry1 ne> ! sea-%ore1 a tree extremely anci5t1 ( :i* !y relate _m wond]s1 & :i* 0 always lad5 ) (f]+s4 ,aft] ! sea _h laid op5 its :ole root1 x !n support$ itself a long "t almo/ 9 ! air aga9/ ! viol5ce ( ! w9ds & waves1 :i* confirm$ ^? ,indians 9 ! notion t ! tree mu/ be ! abode ( "s p[]ful _s2 nor 0 its fall ev5 capable ( undeceiv+ !m1 s t z long z ! smalle/ "p ( its bran*es appe>$ above ! wat]1 !y paid x ! same hon\rs z :il/ x /ood4 ,9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 accord+ to ,frankl91#be ! ,crees us$ to hang /rips ( buffalo fle% & pieces ( clo? on _! sacr$ tree2 & 9 ,nic>agua maize & beans 7 wor%ipp$4 ,by ! natives ( ,c>ol9a ! tea-plant 0 =m]ly held 9 v5]ation above all o!r plants1 & inde$ simil> phases ( sup]/ition are v num]\s4 ,traces ( tree-wor%ip occur 9 ,africa1 & ,sir ,john ,lubbock#bf m5tions ! sacr$ groves ( ! ,m>ghi--a d5se "p ( ! =e/ surr\nd$ ) a dit*--:]e 9 ! mo/ luxuriant & wide/ spread+ tree _! god1 ,zumbri1 is wor%ipp$4 ,9 8 valuable "w on ,ceylon1 ,sir ,j4 ,em]son ,t5n5t gives "s int]e/+ details ab\t ! consecration ( trees to diff]5t demons to insure _! safety1 & ( ! c]emonies p]=m$ by ! kattadias or devil-prie/s4 ,x appe>s t :5ev] ! assi/ance ( a devil-danc] is requir$ 9 extreme cases ( sickness1 v>i\s =malities are obs]v$ aft] ! foll[+ fa%ion4 ,an alt> is erect$1 pr(usely adorn$ ) g>l&s & fl[]s1 )9 sight ( ! dy+ man1 :o is ord]$ to t\* & d$icate to ! evil _s ! wild fl[]s1 rice1 & fle% laid ^u x4 ,traces ( plant-wor%ip are /ill f\nd 9 ,europe4 ,be=e sunrise on ,good ,friday ! ,bohemians are 9 ! habit ( go+ into _! g>d5s1 & aft] fall+ on _! knees be=e a tree1 to say1 ,i pray1 ,o gre5 tree1 t ,god may make !e good1 a =mula :i* ,mr4 ,ral/on#bg consid]s has probably be5 alt]$ "u ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity f a direct pray] to ! tree to a pray] = x4 ,at night !y run ab\t ! g>d5 exclaim+1 ,bud1 ,o trees1 bud6 or ,i w flog y4 ,on ! foll[+ day !y %ake ! trees1 & clank _! keys1 :ile ! *ur* bells are r++1 "u ! impression t ! m noise !y make ! m fruit w !y get4 ,traces1 too1 ( tree-wor%ip1 adds ,mr4 ,ral/on1#bh may be f\nd 9 ! song :i* ! ,russian girls s+ z !y g out into ! woods to fet* ! bir* tree at ,:itsuntide1 & to ga!r fl[]s = wrea?s & g>l&s3 ,rejoice n1 oaks2 ,rejoice n1 gre5 oaks4 ,n to y g ! maid5s2 ,n to y d !y br+ pies1 ,cakes1 omelettes4 ,s1 s1 ,semik & ,troitsa ,tr9ity6 ,rejoice1 bir* trees1 rejoice1 gre5 ones6 ,to y g ! maid5s6 ,to y !y br+ pies1 ,cakes1 omelettes4 ,! eatables "h m5tion$ probably ref] to ! sacrifices (f]$ 9 old5 days to ! bir*--! tree ( ! spr+4 ,) ?is practice we may comp>e "o long obs]v$ 9 our own c\ntry1 & kn[n z wassail+4 ,at c]ta9 seasons x has long be5 cu/om>y 9 ,devon%ire = ! f>m]1 on ! eve ( ,twelf?-day1 to g into ! or*>d aft] supp] ) a l>ge milk pail ( cid] ) roa/$ apples press$ into x4 ,out ( ?is ea* p]son 9 ! company takes :at is call$ a clome--i4e41 e>!nw>e cup--full ( liquor1 & /&+ "u ! m fruitful apple trees1 address !m 9 ^! words3 ,heal? to !e1 good apple tree1 ,well to be> pocket fulls1 hat fulls1 ,peck fulls1 bu%el bag fulls4 ,aft] ! =mula has be5 repeat$1 ! cont5ts ( ! cup are ?r[n at ! trees4#bi ,!re are num]\s allusions to ?is =m ( tree-wor%ip 9 ! lit]ature ( ! pa/2 & ,tuss]1 among 8 _m pieces ( advice to ! husb&man1 has n omitt$ to rem9d him t he %\ld1 ,wassail ! trees1 t !y may be> ,y _m a plum & _m a pe>2 ,= m or less fruit !y w br+1 ,z y d !m wassail+4 ,survivals ( ?is k9d %[ h[ t5aci\sly old sup]/iti\s rites /ruggle = exi/5ce ev5 :5 !y h ceas$ to be recognis$ z wor?y ( belief4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,outl9es ( ,primitive ,belief1 #ahhb1 p4 #ed4 #b4 ,tree & ,s]p5t ,wor%ip4 #c4 ,see ,sir ,john ,lubbock's ,orig9 ( ,civilisation1 pp4 #aib-h4 #d4 ,=tnightly ,review1 ,! ,wor%ip ( ,animals & ,plants1 #ahgj1 vii4 #bac4 #e4 ,ibid41 #ahfi1 vi4 #djh4 #f4 ,pr9ciples ( ,sociology1 #ahhe1 i4 p4 #cei4 #g4 ,! ,orig9 ( ,civilisation & ,primitive ,condition ( ,man4 #h4 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 cxiv4 #bab4 #i4 ,ke>y's ,primitive ,brlief1 pp4 #ccb-c2 ,ed9burgh ,review1 cxxx4 #dhh-i4 #aj4 ,du ,culte des ,dieux ,feti*es1 p4 #afi4 #aa4 ,primitive ,belief1 pp4 #ccb-c4 #ab4 ,f]gusson's ,tree & ,s]p5t ,wor%ip1 p4 #af4 #ac4 cxxx4 #dib2 see ,tacitus' ,g]mania1 ix4 #ad4 ,see ,ed9burgh ,review1 cxxx4 #dij-a4 #ae4 ,ed9burgh ,review1 cxxx4 #dia4 #af4 ,mr4 ,f]gusson's ,tree & ,s]p5t ,wor%ip4 ,see ,ed9burgh ,review1 cxxx4 #dih4 #ag4 ,see ,lew9's ,hill ,tracts ( ,*ittagong1 p4 #aj4 #ah4 ,cornhill ,magaz9e1 ,novemb] #ahgb1 p4 #eih4 #ai4 ,an important tribe 9 ,c5tral ,india4 #bj4 ,see ,%]r+'s ,sacr$ ,city ( ! ,h9dus1 #ahfh1 p4 #hi4 #ba4 ,dorman's ,primitive ,sup]/itions1 p4 #bia4 #bb4 ,see ,rese>*es 9 ,geology & ,natural ,hi/ory1 p4 #gi4 #bc4 ,anahuac1 #bae1 #bfe4 #bd4 ,dorman's ,primitive ,sup]/itions4 p4 #bib4 #be4 ,j\rneys to ! ,pol> ,sea4 i4 #bba4 #bf4 ,! ,orig9 ( ,civilisation4 #bg4 ,songs ( ! ,russian ,p4 p4 #bai4 #bh4 ,ibid41 p4 #bch4 #bi4 ,see my ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms4 p4 #ba4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,lightn+ ,,plants4 ,among/ ! leg5ds ( ! anci5t _w few subjects occupy a m prom95t place ?an lightn+1 associat$ z x is ) ^? my?s ( ! orig9 ( fire :i* are ( su* wide di/ribution4#a ,9 exam9+ ^! survivals ( primitive culture we are confront$ ) "s ( ! mo/ elaborate problems ( primeval philosophy1 _m ( :i* are n only highly complicat$1 b h giv5 rise to v>i\s conjectures4 ,?us1 al?\gh x is easy to und]/& ! reasons :i* l$ our ance/ors1 9 _! *ildlike ignorance1 to speak ( ! lightn+ z a worm1 s]p5t1 trid5t1 arr[1 or =k$ w&1 yet ! contr>y is ! case :5 we inquire :y x 0 occasionally symbolis$ z a fl[] or leaf1 or :51 z ,mr4 ,fiske#b rem>ks1 we seek to asc]ta9 :y c]ta9 trees1 su* z ! a%1 hazel1 :ite ?orn1 & mi/letoe1 7 suppos$ to be 9 a c]ta9 s5se embodim5ts ( x4 ,inde$1 h[ev] satisfactory our explanations may app>5tly seem1 9 _m cases !y c only be reg>d$ z +5i\s !ories bas$ on ! mo/ probable !ories :i* ! sci5ce ( comp>ative folk-lore may h sugge/$4 ,9 analys+1 too1 ! evid5ce = det]m9+ ! possible association ( ideas :i* induc$ our primitive =efa!rs to =m ^? my?ical conceptions t we f9d embodi$ 9 ! folk-tales ( mo/ races1 x is necess>y to unravel f ! relics ( ! pa/ ! "o common notion t und]lies !m4 ,respect+ ! orig9 ( fire1 = in/ance1 ! lead+ idea--z h&$ d[n to u 9 my?s ( ?is k9d--w\ld make u believe t x 0 orig9ally /ol54 ,/ories :i* po9t to ?is conclusion are n limit$ to any "o c\ntry1 b are %>$ by races widely remote f "o ano!r4 ,?is circum/ance is important1 z help+ to expla9 ! relation ( p>ticul> plants to lightn+1 & acc\nts = ! sup]/iti\s rev]5ce s frequ5tly paid to !m by mo/ ,aryan tribes4 ,h5ce1 ! way by :i* ! ,v$a argues ! exi/5ce ( ! palasa--a my/ic tree ) ! ,h9dus--is f\nd$ on ! foll[+ tradition3--,! demons _h /ol5 ! heav5ly soma1 or dr9k ( ! gods1 & cell>$ x 9 "s my?ical rock or cl\d4 ,:5 ! ?ir/y deities 7 p9+ = _! mu*-priz$ liquor1 ! falcon und]took to re/ore x to !m1 al?\gh he succe$$ at ! co/ ( a claw & a plume1 ( :i* he 0 depriv$ by ! graze ( an arr[ %ot by "o ( ! demons4 ,bo? fell to ! e>? & took root2 ! claw becom+ a species ( ?orn1 :i* ,dr4 ,kuhn id5tifies z ! ,mimosa cate*u1 & ! fea!r a palasa tree1 :i* has a r$ sap & sc>let blossoms4 ,) su* a div9e orig9--= ! falcon 0 no?+ less ?an a lightn+ god#c--! trees naturally 7 incorporations1#d n only ( ! heav5ly fire1 b also ( ! soma1 ) :i* ! claw & fea!r 7 impregnat$4 ,x is n surpris+1 !re=e1 t extraord9>y virtues 7 ascrib$ to ^! lightn+ plants1 qualities :i*1 9 no small degree1 di/+ui% _! repres5tatives at ! pres5t day4 ,?us we are told h[ 9 ,india ! mimosa is kn[n z ! imp]ial tree on acc\nt ( its rem>kable prop]ties1 be+ cr$it$ z an efficaci\s *>m aga9/ all sorts ( malignant influ5ces1 su* z ! evil eye4 ,n unlike 9 col\r to ! blossom ( ! ,indian palasa are ! r$ b]ries ( ! r[an or m\nta9-a% 7,pyrus aucup>ia71 a tree :i* has acquir$ ,european r5[n f ! ,aryan tradition ( its be+ an embodim5t ( ! lightn+ f :i* x 0 sprung4 ,x has acquir$1 !re=e1 a my/ic "*1 evid5ces ( :i* are num]\sly repres5t$ ?r\gh\t ,europe1 :]e its leaves are rev]5c$ z be+ ! mo/ pot5t talisman aga9/ ! d>k] p[]s4 ,at ! pres5t day we /ill f9d ! ,highl& milkmaid c>ry+ ) h] a r[an-cross aga9/ un=ese5 dang]1 j z 9 _m a ,g]man village twigs are put ov] /ables to keep out wit*es4 ,illu/rations ( ?is k9d support its widespread reputation = sup]natural virtues1 besides %[+ h[ closely alli$ is mu* ( ! folk-lore ( our own ) t ( cont95tal c\ntries4 ,at ! same "t1 we feel incl9$ to agree ) ,mr4 ,f>r] t ! r$ b]ries ( ! m\nta9-a% probably s+l$ x out f among trees = wor%ip long be=e our ance/ors _h arriv$ at any idea ( ab/ract div9ities4 ,! beauty ( its b]ries1 add$ to _! brilliant r$ col\r1 w\ld naturally excite feel+s ( admiration & awe1 & h5ce x w\ld 9 process ( "t become inve/$ ) a sacr$ significance4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$1 too1 t all ov] ! _w !re is a reg>d = ?+s r$1 ?is col\r hav+ be5 once held sacr$ to ,?or1 & ,grimm sugge/s t x 0 on ?is acc\nt ! rob9 acquir$ its sacr$ "*4 ,simil>ly1 ! ,highl& wom5 tie a piece ( r$ wor/$ ?read r\nd _! c[s' tails previ\s to turn+ !m out to grass = ! fir/ "t 9 spr+1 =1 9 accordance ) an old adage3 ,r[an-a%1 & r$ ?read1 ,keep ! devils f _! spe$4 ,9 ! same way ! mo!rs 9 ,e/honia put "s r$ ?read 9 _! babies' cradles z a pres]vative aga9/ dang]1 & 9 ,*9a some?+ r$ is ti$ r\nd *ildr5's wri/s z a safegu>d aga9/ evil spirits4 ,by ! aid ( comp>ative folk-lore x is int]e/+1 z 9 ?is case1 to trace ! same notion 9 diff]5t c\ntries1 al?\gh x is by no means possible to acc\nt = su* undesign$ resemblance4 ,! common a% 7,frax9us excelsior71 too1 is a lightn+ plant1 &1 accord+ to an old c\plet3 ,avoid an a%1 ,x c\nts ! fla%4 ,ano!r tree held sacr$ to ,?or 0 ! hazel 7,corylus avellana71 :i*1 l ! m\nta9-a%1 0 consid]$ an actual embodim5t ( ! lightn+4 ,inde$1 s deep 0 ! fai? ( ! p 9 ! relation ( ?is tree to ! ?und] god1 says ,mr4 ,conway1#e t ! ,ca?olics adopt$ & sanction$ x by a leg5d "o may he> 9 ,bav>ia1 t on _! flight into ,egypt ! ,holy ,family took refuge "u x f a /orm4 ,its suppos$ immunity f all damage by lightn+ has long caus$ special rev]5ce to be atta*$ to x1 & giv5 rise to sundry sup]/iti\s usages4 ,?us1 9 ,g]many1 a twig is cut by ! f>m-lab\r]1 9 spr+1 & on ! fir/ ?und]/orm a cross is made ) x ov] e heap ( gra91 :]eby1 x is suppos$1 ! corn w rema9 good = _m ye>s4 ,occasionally1 too1 "o may see hazel twigs plac$ 9 ! w9d[ frames dur+ a heavy %[]1 & ! ,tyroleans reg>d x z an excell5t lightn+ conductor4 ,z a promot] ( fruitfulness x has long be5 held 9 high repute--a "* :i* x probably d]iv$ f its my?ic associations--& h5ce ! important "p x plays 9 love div9ations4 ,accord+ to a ,bohemian belief1 ! pres5ce ( a l>ge numb] ( hazel-nuts betok5s ! bir? ( _m illegitimate *ildr52 & 9 ! ,black ,=e/ x is cu/om>y = ! lead] ( a m>riage procession to c>ry a hazel w&4 ,= ! same reason1 9 _m p>ts ( ,g]many1 a few nuts are m+l$ ) ! se$ corn to insure its be+ prolific4 ,b leav+ ! hazel ) its ho/ ( sup]/itions1 we may notice ! :ite-?orn1 :i* accord+ to ,aryan tradition 0 also orig9ally sprung f ! lightn+4 ,h5ce x has acquir$ a wide rev]5ce1 & be5 inve/$ ) sup]natural prop]ties4 ,l1 too1 ! hazel1 x 0 associat$ ) m>riage rites4 ,?us ! ,grecian bride 0 & is /ill deck$ ) its blossoms1 :]eas its wood =m$ ! tor* :i* light$ ! ,roman bridal c\ple to _! nuptial *amb] on ! w$d+ day4 ,x is evid5t1 !re=e1 t ! :ite-?orn 0 consid]$ a sacr$ tree long be=e ,*ri/ian tradition id5tifi$ x z =m+ ! ,cr[n ( ,?orns2 a m$ieval belief :i* fur!r enhanc$ ! sanctity atta*$ to x4 ,x is n surpris+1 !re=e1 t ! ,iri% consid] x unlucky to cut d[n ?is holy tree1 especially z x is said to be "u ! protection ( ! fairies1 :o res5t any injury done to x4 ,a leg5d curr5t 9 c\nty ,donegal1 = in/ance1 tells u h[ a fairy _h tri$ to /eal "o ,joe ,m',don\gh's baby1 b ! poor "m argu$ t %e _h nev] affront$ ! fairy tribe to h] k4 ,! only cause %e c\ld assign 0 t ,joe1 _h help$ ,mr4 ,todd's g>d5] to cut d[n ! old haw?orn tree on ! lawn2 & !re's !m t says t's a v bad ?+ to d2 add+ h[ %e flee*$ him n to t\* x1 b ! ma/] he (f]$ him six %ill+s if he'd help 9 ! job1 = ! o!r m5 refus$4 ,! same belief prevails 9 ,brittany1 :]e x is also held unsafe to ga!r ev5 a leaf f c]ta9 old & solit>y ?orns1 :i* gr[ 9 %elt]$ holl[s ( ! moorl&1 & are ! fairies' try/+-places4#f ,!n !re is ! mi/letoe1 :i*1 l ! hazel & ! :ite-?orn1 0 also suppos$ to be ! embodim5t ( lightn+2 & 9 consequ5ce ( its my?ical "* held an exalt$ place 9 ! botanical _w4 ,z a lightn+-plant1 we seem to h ! key to its symbolical nature1 9 ! circum/ance t its bran* is =k$4 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 x is wor?y ( note1 z ,mr4 ,fiske rem>ks#g t1 ! ,h9du comm5tators ( ! ,v$a c]ta9ly lay great /ress on ! fact t ! palasa is trid5t-leav$4 ,we h already po9t$ out1 too1 h[ ! r$ col\r ( a fl[]1 z 9 ! case ( ! b]ries ( ! m\nta9-a%1 0 app>5tly suffici5t to det]m9e ! association ( ideas4 ,! ,swiss "n = mi/letoe1 donn]bes51 ?und] besom1 illu/rates its div9e orig91 on acc\nt ( :i* x 0 suppos$ to protect ! home/ead f fire1 & h5ce 9 ,sw$5 x has long be5 susp5d$ 9 f>m-h\ses1 l ! m\nta9-a% 9 ,scotl&4 ,b its virtues are by no means limit$1 = l all lightn+-plants its pot5cy is display$ 9 a v>iety ( ways1 its heal+ prop]ties hav+ f a remote p]iod be5 9 ! highe/ repute4 ,= purposes also ( sorc]y x has be5 reckon$ ( consid]able importance1 & z a prev5tive ( nightm>e & o!r night sc>es x is /ill 9 fav\r on ! ,cont95t4 ,"o reason :i* no d\bt has obta9$ = x a m>k$ degree ( hon\r is its p>asitical mann] ( gr[?1 :i* 0 9 primitive times ascrib$ to ! int]v5tion ( ! gods4 ,accord+ to "o ( its tradition>y orig9s1 its se$ 0 said to be deposit$ on c]ta9 trees by birds1 ! mess5g]s ( ! gods1 if n ! gods !mselves 9 disguise1 by :i* ?is plant e/abli%$ itself 9 ! bran* ( a tree4 ,! mode ( proc$ure1 say ! old botani/s1 0 ?r\gh ! mi/letoe ?ru%4 ,?is bird1 x 0 ass]t$1 by fe$+ on ! b]ries1 surr\nd$ its beak ) ! viscid mucus !y conta91 to rid itself ( :i* x rubb$ its beak1 9 ! c\rse ( fly+1 aga9/ ! bran*es ( trees1 & !reby ins]t$ ! se$ :i* gave bir? to ! new plant4 ,:5 ! mi/letoe 0 f\nd gr[+ on ! oak1 its pres5ce 0 attribut$ specially to ! gods1 & z su* 0 treat$ ) ! deepe/ rev]5ce4 ,x 0 n1 too1 by accid5t t ! oak 0 select$1 z ?is tree 0 hon\r$ by ,aryan tradition ) be+ ( lightn+ orig94 ,h5ce :5 ! mi/letoe 0 f\nd on its bran*es1 ! occurr5ce 0 consid]$ z deeply significant1 & all ! m s z its exi/5ce 9 su* a locality 0 held to be v r>e#h4 ,speak+ ( ! oak1 x may be not$1 t z sacr$ to ,?or1 x 0 "u 8 imm$iate protection1 & h5ce x 0 consid]$ an act ( sacrilege to mutilate x 9 ev] s small a degree4 ,inde$1 x 0 a law ( ! ,o/rogo?s t anybody might hew d[n :at trees he pleas$ 9 ! common wood1 except oaks & hazels2 ^? trees _h peace1 i4e41 !y 7 n to be fell$#i4 ,t pr(anity ( ?is k9d 0 n treat$ ) immunity 0 =m]ly fully believ$1 an illu/ration ( :i* is giv5 u by ,aubrey1#aj :o says t1 to cut oakwood is un=tunate4 ,!re 0 at ,norwood "o oak t _h mi/letoe1 a timb] tree1 :i* 0 fell$ ab\t #afeg4 ,"s p]sons cut ?is mi/letoe = "s apo!c>ies 9 ,london1 & sold !m a quantity = t5 %ill+s ea* "t1 & left only "o bran* rema9+ = m to spr\t out4 ,"o fell lame %ortly aft]2 soon aft] ea* ( ! o!rs lo/ an eye1 & he t fell$ ! tree1 ?\gh w>n$ ( ^! mis=tunes ( ! o!r m51 w\ld1 not)/&+1 adv5ture to d x1 & %ortly aft]w>ds broke 8 leg2 z if ! ,hamadryads _h resolv$ to take an ample rev5ge = ! injury done to _! v5]able & sacr$ oak4 ,we c und]/&1 !n1 h[ ! cu/om orig9at$ ( plant+ ! oak on ! b\nd>ies ( l&s1 a survival ( :i* /ill rema9s 9 ! s-call$ gospel oaks ( _m ( our ,engli% p>i%es4 ,) ,?or's tree ?us /&+ our =efa!rs felt a s5se ( security :i* mat]ially add$ to ! peace & com=t ( _! daily life4 ,b its sacr$ attributes 7 n limit$ to ?is c\ntry1 _m a leg5d on ! ,cont95t te/ify+ to ! safety af=d$ by its %elt]+ bran*es4 ,inde$1 s great are its virtues t1 accord+ to a ,we/phalian tradition1 ! ,w&]+ ,jew c only re/ :]e he %all happ5 to f9d two oaks gr[+ 9 ! =m ( a cross4 ,a fur!r pro( ( its exalt$ "* may be ga!r$ f ! fact t ar\nd its roots ,sc&9avian my?ology has ga!r$ fairyl&1 & h5ce 9 ,g]many ! holes 9 its trunk are ! pa?ways = elves4 ,b ! connection betwe5 lightn+ & plants ext5ds ov] a wide area1 & ,g]many is ri* 9 leg5ds relative to ?is species ( folk-lore4 ,?us !re is ! magic spr+wort1 ar\nd :i* h clu/]$ s _m curi\s lightn+ my?s & talismanic prop]ties4 ,by reason ( its cele/ial orig9 ?is mu*-covet$ plant1 :5 buri$ 9 ! gr\nd at ! summit ( a m\nta91 has ! reputation ( draw+ d[n ! lightn+ & divid+ ! /orm4 ,x is difficult1 h[ev]1 to procure1 especially z !re is no c]ta9ty z to ! exact species ( plants to :i* x belongs1 al?\gh ,grimm id5tifies x ) ! ,euphorbia la?yris4 ,at any rate1 x is *iefly procurable by ! woodpeck]--a lightn+-be>]2 & to secure ?is mu*-priz$ treasure1 its ne/ mu/ be /opp$ up1 access to :i* x w quickly ga9 by t\*+ x ) ! spr+wort4 ,b if "o h 9 read9ess a pan ( wat]1 a fire1 or a r$ clo?1 ! bird w let ! plant fall1 :i* o!rwise x w\ld be a difficult "w to obta91 ! notion1 no d\bt1 be+ t ! bird mu/ return ! my/ic plant to ! elem5t f :i* x spr+s1 t be+ ei!r ! wat] ( ! cl\ds or ! lightn+ fire enclos$ !re94#aa ,pr(essor ,gub]natis1 ref]r+ to ! symbolical nature ( ?is tradition1 rem>ks t1 ?is h]b may be ! moon itself1 :i* op5s ! hid+-place ( ! night1 or ! ?und]bolt1 :i* op5s ! hid+-places ( ! cl\d4 ,accord+ to ! ,swiss v]sion ( ! /ory x is ! hoopoe t br+s ! spr+-wort1 a bird also end[$ ) my/ic virtues1#ab :ile 9 ,icel&1 ,norm&y1 & anci5t ,greece x is an eagle1 a swall[1 or an o/ri*4 ,analog\s to ! talismanic prop]ties ( ! spr+wort are ^? ( ! fam\s luck or key-fl[] ( ,g]man folk-lore1 by ! discov]y ( :i* ! =tunate possessor effects an entrance into o!rwise inaccessible fairy haunts1 :]e unlimit$ treasures are (f]$ = 8 acceptance4 ,!re !n1 aga91 ! luck-fl[] is no d\bt int5d$ to d5ote ! lightn+1 :i* reveals /range treasures1 giv+ wat] to ! p>*$ & ?ir/y l&1 &1 z ,mr4 ,fiske rem>ks1 mak+ pla9 :at is do+ "u cov] ( d>kness4#ac ,! lightn+-fla%1 too1 :i* n[ & !n1 z a lesson ( w>n+1 in/antly /rikes dead ^? :o ei!r ra%ly or presumptu\sly essay to ent] its awe-inspir+ portals1 is exemplifi$ 9 ano!r v]sion ( ! same leg5d4 ,a %eph]d1 :ile lead+ 8 flock ov] ! ,ils5te91 pauses to re/1 b imm$iately ! m\nta9 op5s by reason ( ! spr+wort or luck-fl[] 9 ! /aff on :i* he leans4 ,)9 ! cav]n a :ite lady appe>s1 :o invites him to accept z mu* ( h] weal? z he *oses4 ,!reupon he fills 8 pockets1 & ha/5+ to quit h] my/]i\s doma9s1 he he$s n h] enigmatical w>n+1 ,=get n ! be/1 ! result be+ t z he passes ?r\gh ! door he is sev]$ 9 twa9 amid/ ! cra%+ ( ?und]4 ,/ories ( ?is k9d1 h[ev]1 are ! exception1 leg5d>y lore g5]ally reg>d+ ! lightn+ z a b5efactor r ?an a de/roy]4 ,! lightn+-fla%1 to quote ,mr4 ,b>+-,g\ld's words1 rea*es ! b>r51 dead1 & ?ir/y l&2 =? gu% ! wat]s ( heav51 & ! p>*$ vegetation bur/s once m into ! vig\r ( life re/or$ aft] susp5d$ animation4 ,t ?is is ! case we h ample pro( 9 ! my?s relat+ to plants1 9 _m ( :i* ! life-giv+ prop]ties ( ! lightn+ are cle>ly depict$4 ,h5ce1 also1 ! extraord9>y heal+ prop]ties :i* are ascrib$ to ! v>i\s lightn+ plants4 ,a% rods1 = in/ance1 are /ill us$ 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl& = ! cure ( diseas$ %eep1 c[s1 & horses1 & 9 ,cornwall1 z a rem$y = h]nia1 *ildr5 are pass$ ?r\gh holes 9 a% trees4 ,! mi/letoe has ! reputation ( be+ an antidote = poisons & a specific aga9/ epilepsy4 ,culpepp] speaks ( x z a sure panacea = apoplexy1 palsy1 & fall+ sickness1 a belief curr5t 9 ,sw$51 :]e f+] r+s are made ( its wood4 ,an old-fa%ion$ *>m = ! bite ( an add] 0 to place a cross =m$ ( hazel-wood on ! w\nd1 & ! burn+ ( a ?orn-bu% has long be5 consid]$ a sure prev5tive ( mildew 9 :eat4 ,)\t multiply+ fur!r illu/rations1 !re c be no d\bt t ! !rapeutic virtues ( ^! s-call$ lightn+ plants may be trac$ to1 9 v _m cases1 _! my?ical orig94 ,x is n surpris+ too t plants ( ?is /amp %\ld h be5 ext5sively us$ z *>ms aga9/ ! influ5ces ( occult p[]s1 _! symbolical nature inve/+ !m ) a pot5cy su* z 0 possess$ by no ord9>y plant4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see an article on ,my?s ( ! ,fire ,/eal]1 ,saturday ,review1 ,june #b1 #ahhc1 p4 #fhi2 ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture4 #b4 ,my?s & ,my? ,mak]s1 p4 #ee4 #c4 ,see ,ke>y's ,outl9es ( ,primitive ,belief1 #ahhb1 p4 #ih4 #d4 ,indo-,european ,tradition & ,folk-lore1 p4 #aei4 #e4 ,my/ic ,trees & ,%rubs1 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 ,nov4 #ahgj1 p4 #eii4 #f4 ,sacr$ ,trees & ,fl[]s1 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 ,july #ahfc1 pp4 #bca1 #bcb4 #g4 ,my?s & ,my? ,mak]s1 p4 #ee4 #h4 ,see ,fl[] ,lore1 pp4 #ch1 #ci4 #i4 ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-lore1 p4 #agi4 #aj4 ,natural ,hi/ory & ,antiquities ( ,surrey1 ii4 #cd4 #aa4 ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-lore1 p4 #agf2 ,grimm's ,teutonic ,my?ology1 #ahhd1 *ap1 xxxii42 ,gub]natis' ,zoological ,my?ology1 ii4 #bff-g4 ,see ,alb]tus ,magnus1 ,de ,mirab4 ,mundi1 #afja1 p4 #bbe4 #ab4 ,gub]natis' ,zoological ,my?ology1 ii4 #bcj4 #ac4 ,my?s & ,my?mak]s1 p4 #eh4 ,see ,b>+-,g\ld's ,curi\s ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 #ahgg1 pp4 #chf-daf4 #ad4 ,folk>d's ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #dfj4 #ae4 ,see ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-lore1 pp4 #dg-h4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,plants ,,9 ,,wit*craft4 ,! va/ proportions :i* ! great wit*craft movem5t assum$ 9 bygone ye>s expla9s ! magic prop]ties :i* we f9d ascrib$ to s _m plants 9 mo/ c\ntries4 ,9 ! nef>i\s trade c>ri$ on by ! repres5tatives ( ?is cruel sy/em ( sorc]y c]ta9 plants 7 l>gely employ$ = work+ m>vels1 h5ce ! my/ic "* :i* !y h ev] s9ce reta9$4 ,x 0 necess>y1 h[ev]1 t ^! %\ld be pluck$ at c]ta9 phases ( ! moon or seasons ( ! ye>1 or f "s spot :]e ! sun 0 suppos$ n to h %one on x4#a ,h5ce ,%akespe>e makes "o ( 8 wit*es speak ( root ( hemlock digg'd i' ! d>k1 & ( slips ( yew sliv]'d 9 ! moon's eclipse1 a practice :i* 0 long kept up4 ,! plants1 too1 :i* =m$ ! wit*es' ph>macopoeia1 7 g5]ally select$ ei!r f _! leg5d>y associations or by reason ( _! poison\s & soporific qualities4 ,?us1 two ( ^? mo/ frequ5tly us$ z +r$i5ts 9 ! my/ic cauldron 7 ! v]va9 & ! rue1 ^! plants hav+ be5 specially cr$it$ ) sup]natural virtues4 ,! =m] probably d]iv$ its notoriety f ! fact ( its be+ sacr$ to ,?or1 an hon\r :i* m>k$ x out1 l o!r lightn+ plants1 z peculi>ly adapt$ = occult uses4 ,x 01 moreov]1 among ! sacr$ plants ( ! ,druids1 & 0 only ga!r$ by !m1 :5 ! dog-/> arose1 f unsunn$ spots4 ,at ! same "t1 x is notewor?y t _m ( ! plants :i* 7 9 repute ) wit*es = work+ _! m>vels 7 reckon$ z c\nt]-*>ms1 a fact :i* is n surpris+1 z mat]ials us$ by wiz>ds & o!rs = magical purposes h g5]ally be5 reg>d$ z equally efficaci\s if employ$ aga9/ _! *>ms & spells4#b ,al?\gh v]va91 !re=e1 z ! en*ant]s' plant1 0 ga!r$ by wit*es to d mis*ief 9 _! incantations1 yet1 z ,aubrey says1 x h9d]s wit*es f _! w1 a circum/ance to :i* ,drayton fur!r ref]s :5 he speaks ( ! v]va9 z 'ga9/ wit*craft mu* avayl+4 ,rue1 likewise1 :i* ent]$ s l>gely into magic rites1 0 once mu* 9 reque/ z an antidote aga9/ su* practices2 & n[adays1 :5 worn on ! p]son 9 conjunction ) agrimony1 maid5-hair1 broom-/raw1 & gr\nd ivy1 x is said 9 ! ,tyrol to conf] f9e vision1 & to po9t out ! pres5ce ( wit*es4 ,x is /ill an undecid$ "q z to :y rue %\ld out ( all o!r plants h ga9$ its widespread reputation ) wit*es1 b ,m4 ,maury supposes t x 0 on acc\nt ( its be+ a n>cotic & caus+ halluc9ations4 ,at any rate1 x seems to h acquir$ at an e>ly p]iod 9 ?is c\ntry a sup]/iti\s rev]5ce1 =1 z ,mr4 ,conway says1#c ,we f9d ! mission>ies spr9kl+ holy wat] f bru%es made ( x1 :5ce x 0 call$ 'h]b ( grace'4 ,respect+ ! r5dezv\s ( wit*es1 x may be not$ t !y v frequ5tly resort$ to hills & m\nta9s1 _! meet+s tak+ place on ! mead1 on ! oak sw>d1 "u ! lime1 "u ! oak1 at ! pe> tree4 ,?us ! fairy r+s :i* are (t5 to be met ) on ! ,sussex d[ns are kn[n z hag-tracks1#d f ! belief t !y are caus$ by hags & wit*es1 :o dance !re at midnight4#e ,_! love = seque/]$ & romantic localities is widely illu/rat$ on ! ,cont95t1 in/ances ( :i* h be5 collect$ toge!r by ,grimm1 :o rem>ks h[ ! fame ( p>ticul> wit* m\nta9s ext5ds ov] wide k+doms4 ,accord+ to a tradition curr5t 9 ,friesl&1#f no woman is to be f\nd at home on a ,friday1 because on t day !y hold _! meet+s & h dances on a b>r5 hea?4 ,occasionally1 too1 !y %[ a /rong pr$ilection = c]ta9 trees1 to approa* :i* z night-"t draws ne> is consid]$ highly dang]\s4 ,! ,judas tree 7,c]cis siliqua/rum7 0 "o ( _! fav\rite retreats1 p]haps on acc\nt ( its tradition>y association ) ! apo/le4 ,! ,neapolitan wit*es held _! try/ "u a walnut tree ne> ,b5ev5to1#g & at ,bologna ! peasantry tell h[ ^! evil work]s hold a midnight meet+ b5ea? ! walnut trees on ,/4 ,john's ,eve4 ,! eld] tree is ano!r haunt "u ^: bran*es wit*es are fond ( lurk+1 & on ?is acc\nt caution mu/ be tak5 n to tamp] ) x aft] d>k4#h ,aga91 9 ! ,ne!rl&s1 exp]i5c$ %eph]ds are c>eful n to let _! flocks fe$ aft] sunset1 = !re are wick$ elves t prep>e poison 9 c]ta9 plants--nightwort be+ "o ( ^!4 ,nor does any man d>e to sleep 9 a mead[ or pa/ure aft] sunset1 =1 z ! %eph]ds say1 he w\ld h ev]y?+ to fe>4 ,a ,tyrolese leg5d#i relates h[ a boy :o _h climb$ a tree1 ov]look$ ! gha/ly do+s ( c]ta9 wit*es b5ea? its b\ghs4 ,!y tore 9 pieces ! corpse ( a woman1 & ?rew ! portions 9 ! air4 ,! boy caught "o1 & kept x by him2 b ! wit*es1 on c\nt+ ! pieces1 f\nd t "o 0 miss+1 & s replac$ x by a scrap ( ald]wood1 :5 in/antly ! dead came to life aga94 ,simil>ly1 also1 !y _h _! fav\rite fl[]s1 "o hav+ be5 ! foxglove1 nicknam$ wit*es' bells1 f _! decorat+ _! f+]s ) its blossoms2 :ile 9 "s localities ! h>e-bell is designat$ ! wit*es' ?imble4 ,on ! o!r h&1 fl[]s ( a yell[ or gre5i% hue 7 di/a/eful to !m4#aj ,9 ! wit*craft movem5t x w\ld seem t c]ta9 plants 7 9 requisition = p>ticul> purposes1 ^! work]s ( d>kness hav+ utilis$ ! prop]ties ( h]bs to special ends4 ,a plant 0 n indiscrim9ately select$1 b on acc\nt ( possess+ "s virtue z to r5d] x suitable = any design t ! wit*es might h 9 view4 ,consid]+1 too1 h[ multitud9\s & v>i$ 7 _! actions1 !y _h con/ant ne$ ( apply+ to ! vegetable _w = mat]ials ) :i* to c>ry out _! plans4 ,b =emo/ among/ _! requirem5ts 0 ! p[] ( locomotion :]e) to enable !m ) sup]natural rapidity to travel f "o locality to ano!r4 ,accord+ly1 "o ( _! mo/ fav\rite vehicles 0 a besom or broom1 an implem5t :i*1 x has be5 sugge/$1 f its be+ a type ( ! w9ds1 is an appropriate ut5sil 9 ! h&s ( ! wit*es1 :o are w9dmak]s & work]s 9 t elem5t4#aa ,accord+ to ! ,asiatic ,regi/] = #ahja1 ! ,ea/]n z well z ! ,european wit*es practise _! spells by danc+ at midnight1 & ! pr9cipal in/rum5t !y use on su* occasions is a broom4 ,h5ce1 9 ,hamburg1 sailors1 aft] long toil+ aga9/ a contr>y w9d1 on meet+ ano!r %ip sail+ 9 an opposite direction1 ?r[ an old broom be=e ! vessel1 believ+ !reby to rev]se ! w9d4#ab ,z1 too1 9 ! case ( v]va9 & rue1 ! besom1 al?\gh de>ly lov$ by wit*es1 is /ill ext5sively us$ z a c\nt]-*>m aga9/ _! ma*9ations--x be+ a well-kn[n belief bo? 9 ,engl& & ,g]many t no individual ( ?is /amp c /ep ov] a besom laid inside ! ?re%old4 ,h5ce1 also1 9 ,we/phalia1 at ,%rovetide1 :ite besoms ) :ite h&les are ti$ to ! c[s' horns2 &1 9 ! rites connect$ ) ! ,midsumm] fires kept up 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 ! besom holds a prom95t place4 ,9 ,bohemia1 = in/ance1 ! "y m5 collect = "s weeks be=eh& z _m worn-out brooms z !y c lay _! h&s on4 ,^!1 aft] dipp+ 9 t>1 !y light--runn+ ) !m f "o bonfire to ano!r--& :5 burnt out !y are plac$ 9 ! fields z *>ms aga9/ blight4#ac ,! l>ge ragwort--kn[n 9 ,irel& z ! fairies' horse--has long be5 s\ght = by wit*es :5 tak+ _! midnight j\rneys4 ,burns1 9 8 ,address to ! ,deil1 makes 8 wit*es skim ! muirs & dizzy crags on rag-br$ nags ) wick$ spe$4 ,! same leg5d>y belief prevails 9 ,cornwall1 9 connection ) ! ,ca/le ,peak1 a high rock to ! s\? ( ! ,logan /one4 ,"h1 writes ,mr4 ,hunt1#ad _m a man1 & woman too1 n[ quietly sleep+ 9 ! *ur*y>d ( ,/4 ,levan1 w\ld1 _h !y ! p[]1 atte/ to h se5 ! wit*es fly+ into ! ,ca/le ,peak on moonlight nights1 m\nt$ on ! /ems ( ! ragwort4 ,among/ o!r plants us$ = a simil> purpose 7 ! bulru% & re$1 9 connection )-:i* may be quot$ ! ,iri% tale ( ! ru%es & corn/alks t turn into horses ! mom5t y be/ride !m#ae4 ,9 ,g]many#af wit*es 7 said to use hay = transport+ !mselves ?r\gh ! air4 ,:5 engag$ 9 _! v>i\s occupations !y (t5 consid]$ x exp$i5t to escape detection by assum+ invisibility1 & = ?is object s\ght ! assi/ance ( c]ta9 plants1 su* z ! f]n-se$#ag4 ,9 ,sw$51 hazel-nuts 7 suppos$ to h ! p[] ( mak+ invisible1 & x may be rememb]$ h[ 9 "o ( ,&]s5's /ories ! elf9 pr9cess has ! faculty ( vani%+ at w1 by putt+ a w& 9 h] m\?4#ah ,b ^! 7 n ! only plants suppos$ to conf] invisibility1 = ,g]man folk-lore tells u h[ ! f>-fam$ luck-fl[] 0 end[$ ) ! same wond]ful prop]ty2 & by ! anci5ts ! heliotrope 0 cr$it$ ) a simil> virtue1 b :i* ,boccaccio1 9 8 humor\s tale ( ,cal&r9o 9 ! ,decam]on1 applies to ! s-call$ /one4 ,heliotrope is a /one ( su* extraord9>y virtue t ! be>] ( x is effectually conceal$ f ! sight ( all pres5t4 ,dante 9 8 ,inf]no1 xxiv4 #ib1 fur!r alludes to x3 ,amid ?is dread exub]ance ( woe ,ran nak$ spirits w+$ ) horrid fe>1 ,nor hope _h !y ( crevice :]e to hide1 ,or heliotrope to *>m !m out ( view4 ,9 ! same way ! agate 0 said to r5d] a p]son invisible1 & to turn ! swords ( foes aga9/ !mselves4#ai ,! ,swiss peasants affirm t ! ,asc5sion ,day wrea?s ( ! am>an? make ! we>] invisible1 & 9 ! ,tyrol ! mi/letoe is cr$it$ ) ?is prop]ty4 ,b "s plants1 z we h already po9t$ out1 7 cr$it$ ) ! magic prop]ty ( reveal+ ! pres5ce ( wit*es1 & ( expos+ !m engag$ 9 ! pursuit ( ply+ _! nef>i\s call+4 ,9 ?is respect ! ,/4 ,john's wort 0 9 great reque/1 & h5ce x 0 ext5sively worn z an amulet1 especially 9 ,g]many on ,/4 ,john's ,eve1 a "t :5 n only wit*es by common report peopl$ ! air1 b evil spirits w&]$ ab\t on no fri5dly err&4 ,?us ! ,italian "n ( devil-*as]1 f ! circum/ance ( its sc>+ away ! work]s ( d>kness1 by br++ _! hidd5 de$s to light4 ,?is1 moreov]1 acc\nts = ! cu/om s preval5t 9 mo/ ,european c\ntries ( decorat+ doorways & w9d[s ) its blossoms on ,/4 ,john's ,eve4 ,9 our own c\ntry ,/[e#bj speaks ( x z its hav+ be5 plac$ ov] ! doors toge!r ) gre5 bir*1 f5nel1 orp9e1 & :ite lilies1 :]eas 9 ,france ! peasantry /ill rev]5ce x z disp]s+ e k9d ( unse5 evil influ5ce4 ,! eld] 0 inve/$ ) simil> prop]ties1 :i* seem to h be5 m pot5t ?an ev5 ^? attribut$ to ! ,/4 ,john's wort4 ,accord+ to an old tradition1 any baptiz$ p]son ^: eyes 7 ano9t$ ) ! gre5 juice ( its inn] b>k c\ld see wit*es 9 any "p ( ! _w4 ,h5ce ! tree 0 extremely obnoxi\s to wit*es1 a fact :i* probably acc\nts = its hav+ be5 s (t5 plant$ ne> cottages4 ,its magic influ5ce has also caus$ x to be introduc$ into v>i\s rites1 z 9 ,/yria on ,b]?a ,night 7,janu>y #f?71 :5 ! devil goes ab\t 9 great =ce4#ba ,z a safegu>d1 p]sons are recomm5d$ to make a magic circle1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* !y %\ld /& ) eld]-b]ries ga!r$ on ,/4 ,john's ,night4 ,by s do+ ! my/ic f]n se$ may be obta9$1 :i* possesses ! /r5g? ( ?irty or =ty m54 ,9 ,g]many1 too1 a species ( wild radi% is said to reveal wit*es1 z also is ! ivy1 & saxifrage enables its be>] to see wit*es on ,walpurgis ,night4 ,b1 9 spite ( plants ( ?is k9d1 wit*es someh[ or o!r contriv$ to escape detection by ! employm5t ( ! mo/ subtle *>ms & spells4 ,!y g5]ally1 too1 took ! precaution ( avoid+ su* plants z 7 antagoni/ic to !m1 display+ a cunn+ +5uity 9 mo/ ( _! designs :i* x 0 by no means easy to =e/all4 ,h5ce 9 ! composition ( _! philtres & potions !y infus$ ! juices ( ! mo/ deadly h]bs1 su* z t ( ! night%ade or monk%ood2 & to add to ! pot5cy ( ^! baleful draughts !y consid]$ x necess>y to add z _m z sev5 or n9e ( ! mo/ poison\s plants !y c\ld obta91 su*1 = in/ance1 z ^? enum]at$ by "o ( ! wit*es 9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,masque ( ,que5s1 :o says3-- ,& ,i ha' be5 pluck+ plants among ,hemlock1 ,h5bane1 ,add]'s ,tongue2 ,night%ade1 ,moonwort1 ,libb>d's bane1 ,& twice1 by ! dogs1 0 l to be ta'en4 ,ano!r plant us$ by wit*es 9 _! incantations 0 ! sea or horn$ poppy1 kn[n 9 m$iaeval times z ,ficus inf]nolis2 h5ce x is fur!r notic$ by ,b5 ,jonson 9 ! ,wit*es' ,song3 ,yes1 ,i h br\ght to help our v[s1 ,horn$ poppy1 cypress b\ghs1 ,! fig tree wild t gr[s on tombs1 ,& juice t f ! l>* tree comes4 ,!n1 ( c\rse1 !re 0 ! wondr\s moonwort 7,botry*ium lun>ia71 :i* 0 d\bly valuable f its my/ic virtue1 =1 z ,culpepp]#bb tells u1 x 0 believ$ to op5 locks & possess o!r magic virtues4 ,! mulle91 popul>ly t]m$ ! hag-tap]1 0 also 9 reque/1 & ! hone/y 7,lun>ia bi5nis71 9 sorc]ies excell+1 0 equally employ$4 ,by ,scot* wit*es ! woodb9e 0 a fav\rite plant1#bc :o1 9 effect+ magical cures1 pass$ _! pati5ts n9e times ?r\gh a gir? or g>l& ( gre5 woodb9e4 ,aga91 a popul> means employ$ by wit*es ( injur+ _! enemies 0 by ! briony4 ,coles1 9 8 ,art ( ,simpl+1 = in/ance1 in=ms u h[1 !y take likewise ! roots ( m&rake1 accord+ to "s1 or1 z ,i r suppose1 ! roots ( briony1 :i* simple folk take = ! true m&rake1 & make !re( an ugly image1 by :i* !y repres5t ! p]son on :om !y int5d to ex]cise _! wit*craft4 ,& ,"l ,bacon1 speak+ ( ! m&rake1 says--,"s plants !re are1 b r>e1 t h a mossie or d[ny root1 & likewise t h a numb] ( ?reads1 l be>ds1 z m&rakes1 :]e( wit*es & impo/\rs make an ugly image1 giv+ x ! =m ( a face at ! top ( ! root1 & leave ^? /r+s to make a broad be>d d[n to ! foot4 ,! wit*craft lit]ature ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies conta9s num]\s allusions to ! diabolical practice--a sup]/ition immortalis$ by ,%akespe>e4 ,! m&rake1 f its suppos$ my/]i\s "*1 0 intimately associat$ ) wit*es1 & ,b5 ,jonson1 9 8 ,masque ( ,que5s1 makes "o ( ! hags :o has be5 ga!r+ ?is plant say1 ,i la/ night lay all alone ,on ! gr\nd1 to he> ! m&rake groan2 ,& pluck$ him up1 ?\gh he grew full l[1 ,&1 z ,i _h done1 ! cock did cr[4 ,we h already incid5tally spok5 ( ! v]va91 ,/4 ,john's wort1 eld]1 & rue z antagoni/ic to wit*craft1 b to ^! may be add$ _m o!r well-kn[n plants1 su* z ! junip]1 mi/letoe1 & black?orn4 ,inde$1 ! li/ might be greatly ext5d$--! vegetable k+dom hav+ suppli$ 9 mo/ p>ts ( ! _w almo/ c\ntless *>ms to c\nt]act ! evil designs ( ^! malevol5t be+s4 ,9 our own c\ntry ! little pimp]nel1 h]b-p>is1 & cyclam5 7 =m]ly ga!r$ = ?is purpose1 & ! angelica 0 ?\ght to be specially noisome to wit*es4 ,! snapdragon & ! h]b-betony _h ! reputation ( av]t+ ! mo/ subtle =ms ( wit*craft1 & dill & flax 7 worn z talismans aga9/ sorc]y4 ,holly is said to be antagoni/ic to wit*es1 =1 z ,mr4 ,folk>d#bd says1 9 its "n !y see b ano!r =m ( ! ^w 'holy1' & its ?orny foliage & blood-r$ b]ries are sugge/ive ( ! mo/ ,*ri/ian associations4 ,!n !re is ! r[an-tree or m\nta9-a%1 :i* has long be5 consid]$ "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful antidotes aga9/ works ( d>kness ( e k9d1 probably f its sacr$ associations ) ! wor%ip ( ! ,druids4 ,h5ce x is mu* valu$ 9 ,scotl&1 & ! foll[+ c\plet1 ( :i* !re are sev]al v]sions1 /ill embodies ! popul> fai?3 ,r[an-tree & r$ ?read1 ,put ! wit*es to _! spe$4 ,b its fame has n be5 conf9$ to any "o locality1 & z f> s\? z ,cornwall ! peasant1 :5 he suspects t 8 c[ has be5 ov]look$1 twi/s an a%5 twig r\nd its horns4 ,inde$1 s pot5t is ! a% z a c\nt] *>m to sorc]y1 t ev5 ! smalle/ twig r5d]s _! actions impot5t2 & h5ce1 9 an old ballad entitl$ ,laidley ,wood1 9 ! ,nor?umb]l& ,g>l&1 x is said3 ,! spells 7 va91 ! hag return$ ,to ! que5 9 sorr[ful mood1 ,cry+ t wit*es h no p[]1 ,:]e !re is r['n-tree wood4 ,h5ce p]sons c>ry an a%5 twig 9 _! pocket1 & accord+ to a ,york%ire prov]b3 ,if y\r :ip/icks made ( r['n1 ,y may ride y\r nag ?r\gh any t[n2 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ,woe to ! lad )\t a r[an-tree gall4 ,possess$ ( su* virtues1 x is n surpris+ t ! my/ic a% %\ld h be5 held 9 ! highe/ repute1 9 illu/ration ( :i* we f9d _m an amus+ anecdote4 ,?us1 accord+ to a ,h]e=d%ire tradition1 "s ye>s ago two hog%eads full ( money 7 conceal$ 9 an und]gr\nd cell> belong+ to ! ,ca/le ( ,p5y>d1 :]e !y 7 kept by sup]natural =ce4 ,a f>m]1 h[ev]1 made up 8 m9d to get !m out1 & employ$ = ! purpose tw5ty /e]s to draw d[n ! iron door ( ! vault4 ,on ! door be+ slightly op5$1 a jackdaw 0 se5 sitt+ on "o ( ! casks1 b ! door imm$iately clos$ ) a bang--a voice be+ he>d to say1 ,_h x n be5 ,= y\r quick5 tree goad1 ,& y\r yew tree p91 ,y & y\r cattle ,_h all be5 drawn 94 ,ano!r anecdote curr5t 9 ,york%ire is int]e/+1 %[+ h[ fully sup]/itions ( ?is k9d are believ$#be3--;,a woman 0 lately 9 my %op1 & 9 pull+ out h] purse br\ght out also a piece ( /ick a few in*es long4 ,i ask$ h] :y %e c>ri$ t 9 h] pocket4 ',oh1' %e repli$1 ',i mu/ n lose t1 or ,i %all be done =4' ',:y s8' ,i inquir$4 ',well1' %e answ]$1 ',i c>ry t to keep (f ! wit*es2 :ile ,i h t ab\t me1 !y _c hurt me4' ,on my add+ t !re 7 no wit*es n[adays1 %e in/antly repli$1 ',oh1 yes6 !re are ?irte5 at ?is v "t 9 ! t[n1 b s long z ,i h my r[an-tree safe 9 my pocket !y _c hurt me4' ,occasionally :5 ! dairymaid *urn$ = a long "t )\t mak+ butt]1 %e w\ld /ir ! cream ) a twig ( m\nta9 a%1 & beat ! c[ ) ano!r1 ?us break+ ! wit*'s spell4 ,b1 to prev5t accid5ts ( ?is k9d1 x has long be5 cu/om>y 9 ! nor!rn c\ntries to make ! *urn-/aff ( a%4 ,= ! same reason h]d-boys employ an a%-twig = driv+ cattle1 & "o may (t5 see a m\nta9-a% gr[+ ne> a h\se4 ,on ! ,cont95t ! tree is 9 equal repute1 & 9 ,norway & ,d5m>k r[an bran*es are usually put ov] /able doors to keep out wit*es1 a simil> notion prevail+ 9 ,g]many4 ,no tree1 p]haps1 holds su* a prom95t place 9 wit*craft-lore z ! m\nta9-a%1 its my/ic p[] hav+ r>ely fail$ to r5d] fruitless ! evil influ5ce ( ^! enemies ( mank9d4 ,9 our nor!rn c\nties wit*es are said to dislike ! brack5 f]n1 because x be>s on its root ! initial ,c1 :i* may be se5 on cutt+ ! root horizontally4#bf & 9 mo/ places equally di/a/eful to !m is ! yew1 p]haps = no bett] reason ?an its hav+ =m]ly be5 mu* plant$ 9 *ur*y>ds4 ,! h]b-b5nett 7,geum urbanum71 l ! clov]1 f its trefoil$ leaf1 r5d]s wit*es p[]less1 & ! hazel has simil> virtues4 ,among "s ( ! plants consid]$ antagoni/ic to sorc]y on ! ,cont95t may be m5tion$ ! wat]-lily1 :i* is ga!r$ 9 ! ,rh9e di/rict ) a c]ta9 =mula4 ,9 ,tuscany1 ! lav5d] c\nt]acts ! evil eye1 & a ,g]man antidote aga9/ ! hurtful effects ( any malici\s influ5ce 0 an o9tm5t made ( ! leaves ( ! m>%-mall[4 ,9 ,italy1 an olive bran* :i* has be5 bless$ keeps ! wit* f ! dwell+1 & 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t ! plum-tree is us$4 ,kolb1 writes ,mr4 ,black1#bg :o became "o ( ! fir/ wond]-doctors ( ! ,tyrol1 :5 he 0 call$ to assi/ any bewit*$ p]son1 made exactly at midnight ! smoke ( five diff]5t sorts ( h]bs1 & :ile !y 7 burn+ ! bewit*$ 0 g5tly beat5 ) a m>tyr-?orn bir*1 :i* _h to be got ! same night4 ,?is beat+ ! pati5t ) ?orn 0 ?\ght to be really beat+ ! hag :o _h caus$ ! evil4 ,"s seasons1 too1 h be5 suppos$ to be closely associat$ ) ! wit*es1 z 9 ,g]many1 :]e all flax mu/ be spun be=e ,twelf? ,night1 = "o :o sp9s aft]w>ds is liable to be bewit*$4 ,la/ly1 to c\nt]act ! spell ( ! evil eye1 f :i* _m innoc5t p]sons 7 believ$ to suff] 9 ! wit*craft p]iod1 _m fl[]s h be5 9 requisition among ! num]\s *>ms us$4 ,?us1 ! ,russian maid5s /ill hang r\nd ! /em ( ! bir*-tree r$ ribbon1 ! ,brahmans ga!r rice1 & 9 ,italy rue is 9 dem&4 ,! ,scot* peasantry pluck twigs ( ! a%1 ! ,highl& wom5 ! gr\ndsel1 & ! ,g]man folk we> ! radi%4 ,9 e>ly times ! r+wort 0 recomm5d$ by ,apuleius1 & lat] on ! f]n 0 reg>d$ z a pres]vative aga9/ ?is baneful influ5ce4 ,! ,*9ese put fai? 9 ! g>lic2 &1 9 %ort1 e c\ntry has its own special plants4 ,x w\ld seem1 too1 t aft] a wit* 0 dead & buri$1 precaution>y measures 7 tak5 to fru/rate h] baneful influ5ce4 ,?us1 9 ,russia1 asp5 is laid on a wit*'s grave1 ! dead sorc]ess be+ !n prev5t$ f rid+ abroad4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see ,moncure ,conway's ,demonology & ,devil ,lore1 #ahhj1 ii4 #cbd4 #b4 ,see ,fri5d's ,fl[] ,lore1 ii4 #ebi-cj4 #c4 ,demonology & ,devil ,lore1 ii4 #cbd4 #d4 ,grimm1 ,teutonic ,my?ology1 #ahhc1 iii4 #ajea4 #e4 ,folk>d's ,plant ,lore1 ,leg5ds1 & ,lyrics1 #ahhd1 p4 #ia4 #f4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 iii4 #ai4 #g4 ,grimm's ,teutonic ,my?ology1 iii4 #ajeb4 #h4 ,see ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 iii4 #bfg4 #i4 ,see ,folk>d's ,plant ,lore1 ,leg5ds1 & ,lyrics1 p4 #bji4 #aj4 ,ibid41 p4 #ajd4 #aa4 ,see ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-lore1 pp4 #bbe-g4 #ab4 ,see ,h>dwick's ,traditions1 ,sup]/itions1 & ,folk-lore1 p4 #aag2 also ,grimm's ,teutonic ,my?ology1 #ahhc1 iii4 #ajhc4 #ac4 ,see ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 #aheb1 iii4 #ba1 #acg4 #ad4 ,popul> ,romances ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 #ahga1 p4 #ccj4 #ae4 ,grimm's ,teutonic ,my?ology1 iii4 #ajhd4 #af4 ,see ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 iii4 #bjh-i4 #ag4 ,see *ap4 ,doctr9e ( ,signatures4 #ah4 ,see ,y>dley's ,sup]natural 9 ,romantic ,fiction1 #ahhj1 pp4 #aca-b4 #ai4 ,see ,fiske1 ,my?s & ,my?mak]s1 p4 #dd2 also ,b>+-,g\ld's ,curi\s ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 #ahgg1 p4 #cih4 #bj4 ,survey ( ,london4 ,see ,mason's ,folk-lore ( ,briti% ,plants 9 ,dubl9 ,univ]sity ,magaz9e1 ,septemb] #ahgc1 p4 #cbf-h4 #ba4 ,mr4 ,conway's ,my/ic ,trees & ,fl[]s1 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 #fjb4 #bb4 ,briti% ,h]bal4 #bc4 ,see ,folk>d's ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #chj4 #bd4 ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #cgf4 #be4 ,h5d]son's ,folk-lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahgi1 p4 #bbe4 #bf4 ,folk-lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahgi4 #bg4 ,folk-m$ic9e1 p4 #bjb4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,plants ,,9 ,,demonology4 ,! association ( c]ta9 plants ) ! devil =ms an ext5sive & important division 9 _! folk-lore1 & 9 _m respects is closely connect$ ) _! my/ic hi/ory4 ,x is by no means easy always to acc\nt = "s ( our mo/ beautiful fl[]s hav+ ,satanic surr\nd+s1 al?\gh frequ5tly ! explanation mu/ be s\ght 9 _! poison\s & deadly qualities4 ,9 "s cases1 too1 ! /ud5t ( comp>ative my?ology may trace _! evil reputation to ^? e>ly traditions :i* 7 ! expressions ( c]ta9 primitive beliefs1 ! survivals ( :i* n[adays are f\nd 9 _m an app>5tly mean+less sup]/ition4 ,anyh[1 ! subject is a v wide "o1 & is equally repres5t$ 9 mo/ c\ntries4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$1 moreov]1 t rudim5t>y =ms ( dualism--! antagonism ( a good & evil deity#a--;h f a remote p]iod occupi$ m5's m9ds1 a sy/em ( belief kn[n ev5 among ! l[] races ( mank9d4 ,h5ce1 j z "s plants w\ld 9 process ( "t acquire a sacr$ "*1 o!rs w\ld d ! rev]se4 ,among/ ! leg5d>y /ories & folktales ( mo/ c\ntries we f9d frequ5t allusion to ! devil z an active ag5t 9 utilis+ v>i\s fl[]s = 8 mis*iev\s pursuits2 & on ! ,cont95t we are told ( a c]ta9 evil _s nam$ ,kleure :o trans=ms himself into a tree to escape notice1 a sup]/ition :i* "u a v>iety ( =ms /ill l+]s "h & !re4#b ,x w\ld seem1 too1 t 9 "s ( our old leg5ds & sup]/itions ! t]ms ,puck & ,devil are synonym\s1 a circum/ance :i* expla9s ! mean+1 o!rwise un9telligible1 ( _m items ( plant-lore 9 our own & o!r c\ntries4 ,?us ! ^w ,puck has be5 id5tifi$ ) ,pogge--toad1 "u :i* =m ! devil 0 suppos$ to be p]sonifi$2 & h5ce probably orig9at$ su* expressions z toad/ools1 paddock-/ools1 c4 ,! ?orns ( ! eglant9e are said to po9t d[nw>ds1 because :5 ! devil 0 exclud$ f heav5 he tri$ to rega9 8 lo/ position by means ( a ladd] compos$ ( its ?orns4 ,b :5 ! eglant9e 0 only all[$ to gr[ z a bu%1 out ( spite he plac$ its ?orns 9 _! pres5t ecc5tric position4 ,! se$ ( ! p>sley1 is apt to come up only p>tially1 accord+ z ! devil takes 8 ti! ( x4#c ,9 ,g]many devil's oaks are ( frequ5t occurr5ce1 & "o ( ^! at ,go?a is held 9 great reg>d4#d & ,g]>de1 describ+ ! v]va91 ) its manifold my/ic virtues1 says t ! devil did reveal x z a secret & div9e m$ic9e4 ,belladonna1 writes ,mr4 ,conway1 is e/eem$ 9 ,bohemia a fav\rite plant ( ! devil1 :o wat*es x1 b may be drawn f x on ,walpurgis ,night by lett+ loose a black h51 aft] :i* he w run4 ,!n !re is ! s[-?i/le1 :i* 9 ,russia is said to belong to ! devil2 & ,loki1 ! evil _s 9 nor!rn my?ology1 is occasionally spok5 ( z s[+ we$s among ! good se$2 f :5ce1 x has be5 sugge/$1 orig9at$ ! popul> phrase ( s[+ "o's wild oats4#e ,! ,g]man peasantry h _! rye-wolf1 a malignant _s infe/+ ! rye-fields2 & 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t or*>ds are said to be infe/$ by evil demons1 :o1 until driv5 away by v>i\s incantations1 are liable to d mu* h>m to ! fruit4 ,! ,italians1 aga91 affirm t 9 ea* leaf ( ! fig-tree an evil _s dwells2 & ?r\gh\t ! ,cont95t !re are v>i\s o!r demons :o are believ$ to haunt ! crops4 ,evil spirits 7 once said to lurk 9 lettuce-b$s1 & a c]ta9 species 0 reg>d$ ) ill fav\r by mo!rs1 a circum/ance :i*1 ,mr4 ,folk>d rightly sugge/s1#f may acc\nt = a ,surrey say+1 ,o'er mu* lettuce 9 ! g>d5 w /op a "y wife's be>+4 ,among simil> leg5ds ( ! k9d x is said t1 9 ,swabia1 f]n-se$ br\ght by ! devil betwe5 elev5 & twelve o'clock on ,*ri/mas night enables ! be>] to d z mu* "w z tw5ty or ?irty ord9>y m54 ,accord+ to a popul> piece ( sup]/ition curr5t 9 our s\!rn c\nties1 ! devil is g5]ally suppos$ to put 8 clov5 foot ^u ! blackb]ries on ,mi*aelmas ,day1 & h5ce aft] ?is date x is consid]$ unlucky to ga!r !m dur+ ! rema9d] ( ! ye>4 ,an int]e/+ in/ance ( ?is sup]/ition is giv5 by ,mrs4 ,la?am 9 h] ,we/ ,sussex ,sup]/itions1 :i* happ5$ to a f>m]'s wife resid+ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,arundel4 ,x appe>s t %e 0 9 ! habit ( mak+ a l>ge quantity ( blackb]ry jam1 & f9d+ t less fruit _h be5 br\ght to h] ?an %e requir$1 %e said to ! *>woman1 ,i wi% y w\ld s5d "s ( y\r *ildr5 to ga!r me ?ree or f\r p9ts m4 ,ma'am1 exclaim$ ! woman 9 a/oni%m5t1 don't y "k ?is is ! #aa? ,octob]8 ,yes1 %e repli$4 ,bless me1 ma'am6 ,& y ask me to let my *ildr5 g out blackb]ry+6 ,:y1 ,i ?\ght e "o knew t ! devil w5t r\nd on ! #aj? ,octob]1 & spat on all ! blackb]ries1 & t if any p]son 7 to eat on ! #aa?1 he or "s "o belong+ to him w\ld ei!r die or fall into great tr\ble be=e ! ye> 0 out4 ,9 ,scotl& ! devil is said to b ?r[ 8 cloak ov] ! blackb]ries & r5d] !m un:olesome1 :ile 9 ,irel& he is said to /amp on !m4 ,among fur!r /ories ( ?is k9d may be quot$ "o curr5t 9 ,devon%ire respect+ ,/4 ,dun/an1 :o1 x is said1 b\ght up a quantity ( b>ley = brew+ be]4 ,! devil1 kn[+ h[ anxi\s ! sa9t w\ld be to get a good sale = 8 be]1 (f]$ to blight ! apple trees1 s t !re %\ld be no cid]1 & h5ce a great] dem& = be]1 on condition t he sold himself to him4 ,/4 ,dun/an accept$ ! (f]1 & /ipulat$ t ! trees %\ld be blight$ on ! #ag?1 #ah?1 & #ai? ,may4 ,%\ld ! apple-blossom be nipp$ by cold w9ds or fro/ ab\t ?is "t1 _m allusions are /ill made to ,/4 ,dun/an4 ,( ! plants associat$ p]sonally ) ! evil "o may be m5tion$ ! h5bane1 :i* is kn[n 9 ,g]many z ! devil's eye1 a "n appli$ to ! /i*-wort 9 ,wales4 ,a species ( gr\nd moss is also /yl$ 9 ,g]many ! devil's claws2 "o ( ! or*id tribe is ,satan's h&2 ! lady's f+]s is devil's claws1 & ! planta9 is devil's head4 ,simil>ly ! h\se-leek has be5 designat$ ! devil's be>d1 & a ,norfolk "n = ! /9khorn is devil's horn4 ,( fur!r plants relat$ to 8 ,satanic maje/y is ! clematis1 t]m$ devil's ?read1 ! toad-flax is 8 ribbon1 ! indigo 8 dye1 :ile ! sc&ix =ms 8 d>n+-ne$les4 ,! tritoma1 ) its brilliant r$ blossom1 is famili> 9 mo/ localities z ! devil's pok]1 & ! gr\nd ivy has be5 nicknam$ ! devil's c&le/ick1 ! m&rake supply+ 8 c&le4 ,! puff-balls ( ! lycop]don =m ! devil's snuff-box1 & 9 ,irel& ! nettle is 8 apron1 & ! convolvulus 8 g>t]2 :ile at ,is]lohn1 9 ,g]many1#g ! mo!rs1 to det] _! *ildr5 eat+ ! mulb]ries1 s+ to !m t ! devil requires !m = ! purpose ( black+ 8 boots4 ,! ,arum maculatum is devil's ladies & g5tlem51 & ! ,ranunculus arv5sis is ! devil on bo? sides4 ,! vegetable k+dom also has be5 equally m9dful ( 8 maje/y's food1 ! spurge hav+ long be5 nam$ devil's milk & ! briony ! devil's *]ry4 ,a species ( fungus1 kn[n ) u z wit*es' butt]1 is call$ 9 ,sw$5 devil's butt]1 :ile "o ( ! popul> names = ! m&rake is devil's food4 ,! h>e-p>sley supplies him ) oatmeal1 & ! /i*wort is t]m$ 9 ! ,we/ ( ,engl& devil's corn4 ,among fur!r plants associat$ ) 8 ,satanic maje/y may be enum]at$ ! g>d5 f5nel1 or love-9-a-mi/1 to :i* ! "n ( devil-9-a-bu% has be5 appli$1 :ile ! fruit ( ! deadly night%ade is commonly designat$ devil's b]ries4 ,!n !re is ! devil's tree1 & ! devil's dung is "o ( ! nicknames ( ! assafoetida4 ,! hawk-we$1 l ! scabi\s1 0 t]m$ devil's bit1 because ! root looks z if x _h be5 bitt5 (f4 ,accord+ to an old leg5d1 ! root 0 once long]1 until ! devil bit away ! re/ = spite1 = he ne$$ x n to make him sweat :o is always torm5t$ ) fe> ( ! day ( judgm5t4 ,g]>de fur!r adds t1 ,! devil did bite x = envy1 because x is an h]b t ha? s _m great virtues1 & is s b5eficial to mank9d4 ,a species ( ranunculus supplies 8 coa*-:eels1 & 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry f]ns are said to supply 8 bru%es4 ,8 maje/y's wants1 !re=e1 h be5 amply provid$ = by ! vegetable k+dom1 = ev5 ! wild g>lic af=ds him a posy#h4 ,once m1 9 ,sw$51 a rose-col\r$ fl[]1 kn[n z ,our ,lady's h&1 has two roots l h&s1 "o :ite1 ! o!r black1 & :5 bo? are plac$ 9 wat] ! black "o w s9k1 ?is is call$ ',satan's h&2' b ! :ite "o1 call$ ',m>y's h&1' w float4#i ,h5ce ?is fl[] is held 9 deep & sup]/iti\s v5]ation among ! peasantry2 & 9 ,crete ! basil is consid]$ an emblem ( ! devil1 & is plac$ on mo/ w9d[-l$ges1 no d\bt z a *>m4 ,"s plants1 aga91 h be5 us$ = exorcism f _! reput$ antagonism to all ,satanic influ5ce4 ,?us ! av5s or h]b-b5nett1 :5 kept 9 a h\se1 0 believ$ to r5d] ! devil p[]less1 & ! ,greeks ( old 7 9 ! habit ( plac+ a laurel b\gh ov] _! doorways to keep away evil spirits4 ,! ?i/le has be5 long 9 dem& = c\nt]act+ ! p[]s ( d>kness1 & 9 ,e/honia x is plac$ on ! rip5+ corn to drive & sc>e away malignant demons4 ,9 ,pol&1 ! disease kn[n among ! poor] classes z elf-lock is suppos$ to be ! "w ( wick$ spirits1 b tradition says x w gradually disappe> if "o buries ?i/le se$4#aj ,! aloe1 by ! ,egyptians1 is reput$ to resi/ any baleful influ5ce1 & ! lun>y or hone/y is by our own c\ntry p said to put e evil influ5ce to flight4 ,9 ,g]many ! junip] disp]ses evil spirits1 & 9 anci5t times ! black hellebore1 peony1 & mugwort 7 l>gely us$ = ?is purpose4 ,accord+ to a ,russian belief ! eld]-tree drives away evil spirits1 & h5ce ?is plant is held 9 high respect4 ,among fur!r plants possess+ ! same quality are ! nettle & milfoil1 & !n !re is ! fam\s ,/4 ,john's wort1 popul>ly nicknam$ devil's flight4 ,closely alli$ ) ?is "p ( our subject are ^? plants connect$ ) s]p5ts1 "h =m+ a v num]\s class4 ,inde$1 x 0 only natural t our ance/ors1 f _! dread ( ! s]p5t on acc\nt ( its poison\s /+1 z well z f _! antipa?y to x z ! symbol ( evil1 %\ld asc]ta9 ^? plants :i* seem$ ei!r attractive1 or antagoni/ic1 to ?is mu*-dread$ reptile4 ,accord+ly c]ta9 plants1 f be+ suppos$ to be di/a/eful to s]p5ts1 7 mu* us$ z amulets to drive !m away4 ,=emo/ among ^! may be m5tion$ ! a%1 to escape contact ) :i* a s]p5t1 x has be5 said1 w\ld ev5 creep into ! fire1 9 allusion to :i* ,c[ley ?us writes3 ,b t :i* gave m wond] ?an ! re/1 ,)9 an a% a s]p5t built h] ne/ ,& laid h] eggs1 :5 once to come b5ea? ,! v %ad[ ( an a% 0 dea?4 ,g]>de notices ?is curi\s belief1 & tells u t1 ! leaves ( ?is tree are s great virtue aga9/ s]p5ts t !y d>e n s mu* z t\* ! morn+ & ev5+ %ad[s ( ! tree1 b %un !m af> (f4 ,h5ce a%-sap 0 a ,g]man rem$y = s]p5t bites4 ,lucan1 9 8 ,ph>salia 7#iae-iba71 has enum]at$ "s ( ! plants burn$ = ! purpose ( expell+ s]p5ts3 ,beyond ! f>!/ t5ts ri* fires !y build1 ,t heal?y m$ic9al od\rs yield1 ,!re =eign galbanum dissolv+ fries1 ,& crackl+ flames f humble wallwort rise4 ,!re tam>isk1 :i* no gre5 leaf adorns1 ,& !re ! spicy ,syrian co/os burns2 ,!re c5taury supplies ! :olesome flame1 ,t f ,!rssalian ,*iron takes its "n2 ,! gummy l>* tree1 & ! ?apsos !re1 ,w\ndwort & maid5we$ p]fume ! air1 ,!re ! long bran*es ( ! long-liv$ h>t ,) s\!rnwood _! od\rs /rong imp>t1 ,! mon/]s ( ! l&1 ! s]p5ts fell1 ,fly f> away & %un ! ho/ile smell4 ,! smoke ( ! junip] 0 equally repell5t to s]p5ts1 & ! juice ( dittany drives away v5om\s bea/s1 & do? a/oni% !m4 ,9 old5 times1 = s]p5t bites1 agrimony1 *amomile1 & ! fruit ( ! bramble1 7 held efficaci\s1 & ,g]>de recomm5ds ! root ( ! bugloss1 z x keepe? su* f be+ /ung z h drunk x be=e2 ! leaves & se$s d ! same4 ,on ! o!r h&1 "s plants _h ! reputation ( attract+ s]p5ts1 "o ( ^! be+ ! moneywort or creep+ loose/rife1 ) :i* !y 7 said to heal !mselves :5 w\nd$4 ,z f> back z ! "t ( ,pl9y s]p5ts 7 suppos$ to be v fond ( f5nel1 re/or+ to !m _! y\? by enabl+ !m to ca/ _! old sk9s4 ,!re is a belief 9 ,?ur+ia t ! possession ( f]n se$ causes ! be>] to be pursu$ by s]p5ts till ?r[n away2 &1 accord+ to a curi\s ,eussian prov]b1 f all old trees proce$s ei!r an owl or a devil1 9 ref]5ce1 no d\bt1 to _! (t5 b>e & /]ile appe>ance4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 ii4 #caf4 #b4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 iii4 #aic4 #c4 ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #dhf4 #d4 ,mr4 ,conway1 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #eic4 #e4 ,mr4 ,conway1 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #ajg4 #f4 ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #daa4 #g4 ,folk>d's ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #ddh4 #h4 ,see ,fri5d's ,fl[]-lore1 i4 #fh4 #i4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 ii4 #ajd4 #aj4 ,my/ic ,trees & ,fl[]s1 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,plants ,,9 ,,fairy-,,lore4 ,_m plants h ga9$ a notoriety f _! connection ) fairyl&1 & al?\gh ! belief 9 ?is romantic s\rce ( sup]/ition has almo/ di$ out1 yet x has left its traces 9 ! num]\s leg5ds :i* h surviv$ among/ u4 ,?us ! delicate :ite fl[]s ( ! wood-sorrel are kn[n 9 ,wales z fairy bells1 f a belief once curr5t t ^! t9y be+s 7 summon$ to _! moonlight revels & gambols by ^! bells4 ,9 ,irel& !y 7 suppos$ to ride to _! sc5es ( m]rymak+ on ! ragwort1 h5ce kn[n z ! fairies' horse4 ,cabbage-/alks1 too1 s]v$ !m = /e$s1 & a /ory is told ( a c]ta9 f>m] :o resid$ at ,dundaniel1 ne> ,cork1 & 0 consid]$ to be "u fairy control4 ,= a long "t he suff]$ f ! fall+ sickness1 ow+ to ! long j\rneys :i* he 0 =c$ to make1 night by night1 ) ! fairy folk on "o ( 8 own cabbage /umps4 ,sometimes ! good p made use ( a /raw1 a blade ( grass1 or a f]n1 a fur!r illu/ration ( :i* is furni%$ by ,! ,wit* ( ,fife3 ,! fir/ leet night1 quhan ! new moon set1 ,quhan all 0 d\ffe & mirk1 ,we saddl$ our naigis wi' ! moon-f]n leif1 ,& rode fra ,kilm]r9 kirk4 ,"s horses 7 ( ! brume-c[ framit1 ,& "s ( ! gre9e bay tree2 ,b m9e 0 made ( ane humloke s*aw1 ,& a /\r /allion 0 he4#a ,9 "s folk-tales fairies are repres5t$ z employ+ nuts = _! mode ( conveyance1 9 allusion to :i* ,%akespe>e1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet1 makes ,m]cutio speak ( ,que5 ,mab's arrival 9 a nut-%ell4 ,simil>ly ! fairies select$ c]ta9 plants = _! attire4 ,al?\gh gre5 seems to h be5 _! popul> col\r1 yet ! fairies ( ! moon 7 (t5 clad 9 hea?-br[n or li*5-dy$ g>m5ts1 :5ce ! epi!t ( ,elf9-grey4 ,_! petticoats1 = in/ance1 7 compos$ ( ! fox-glove1 a fl[] 9 dem& among ,iri% fairies = _! gloves1 & 9 "s p>ts ( t c\ntry = _! caps1 :]e x is nicknam$ ,lusmore1 :ile ! ,cuscuta epi?ymum is kn[n 9 ,j]sey z fairies' hair4 ,_! raim5t 0 made ( ! fairy flax1 & ! wood-anemone1 ) its fragile blossoms1 0 suppos$ to af=d !m %elt] 9 wet wea!r4 ,%akespe>e has repres5t$ ,ariel recl9+ 9 a c[slip's bell1 & fur!r speaks ( ! small crimson drops 9 its blossom z gold coats spots--^! be rubies1 fairy fav\rs4 ,& at ! pres5t day ! c[slip is /ill kn[n 9 ,l9coln%ire z ! fairy cup4 ,its popul> ,g]man "n is key-fl[]2 & no fl[] has _h 9 t c\ntry s ext5sive an association ) pret]natural weal?4 ,a well-kn[n leg5d relates h[ ,b]?a entices "s fav\r$ *ild by exquisite primroses to a doorway ov]gr[n ) fl[]s4 ,?is is ! door to an en*ant$ ca/le4 ,:5 ! key-fl[] t\*es x1 ! door g5tly op5s1 & ! fav\r$ mortal passes to a room ) vessels cov]$ ov] ) primroses1 9 :i* are treasures ( gold & jewels4 ,:5 ! treasure is secur$ ! primroses mu/ be replac$1 o!rwise ! f9d] w be = ev] foll[$ by a black dog4 ,sometimes _! mantles are made ( ! gossam]1 ! cobwebs :i* may be se5 9 l>ge quantities on ! furze bu%es2 & s ( ,k+ ,ob]on we are told3 ,a ri* mantle did he we>1 ,made ( t9sel gossam]1 ,be/>r$ ov] ) a few ,diamond drops ( morn+ dew4 ,tulips are ! cradles 9 :i* ! fairy tribe h lull$ _! (fspr+ to re/1 :ile ! ,pyrus japonica s]ves !m = a fire4#b ,_! hat is suppli$ by ! ,peziza cocc9ea2 & 9 ,l9coln%ire1 writes ,mr4 ,fri5d1#c ,a k9d ( fungus l a cup or old-fa%ion$ purse1 ) small objects inside1 is call$ a fairy-purse4 ,:5 m5d+ _! clo!s1 ! foxglove gives !m ?imbles2 & _m o!r fl[]s might be add$ :i* are equally 9 reque/ = _! v>i\s ne$s4 ,x %\ld be m5tion$1 h[ev]1 t fairies1 l wit*es1 h a /range antipa?y to yell[ fl[]s1 & r>ely frequ5t localities :]e !y gr[4 ,9 old5 times1 we read h[ 9 ,sc&9avia & ,g]many ! rose 0 "u ! special protection ( dw>fs & elves1 :o 7 rul$ by ! mighty ,k+ ,laur91 ! "l ( ! rose-g>d53 ,f\r portals to ! g>d5 lead1 & :5 ! gates are clos$1 ,no liv+ might d>e t\* a rose1 'ga9/ 8 /rict comm& oppos$2 ,:oe'er w\ld break ! gold5 gates1 or cut ! silk5 ?read1 ,or :o w\ld d>e to cru% ! fl[]s d[n b5ea? 8 tread1 ,soon = 8 pride w\ld h to pl$ge a foot & h&2 ,?us ,laur91 k+ ( ,dw>fs1 rules )9 8 l&4 ,we may m5tion "h t ! beautiful :ite or yell[ fl[]s t gr[ on ! banks ( lakes & riv]s 9 ,sw$5 are call$ neck-roses1 memorials ( ! ,neck1 a wat]-elf1 & ! poison\s root ( ! wat]-hemlock 0 kn[n z neck-root4#d ,9 ,brittany & 9 "s p>ts ( ,irel& ! haw?orn1 or1 z x is popul>ly designat$1 ! fairy-?orn1 is a tree mo/ specially 9 fav\r4 ,on ?is acc\nt x is held highly dang]\s to ga!r ev5 a leaf f c]ta9 old & solit>y ?orns :i* gr[ 9 %elt]$ holl[s ( ! moorl&s1 = ^! are ! try/+-places ( ! fairy race4 ,a trace ( ! same sup]/ition exi/$ 9 ,scotl&1 z may be ga!r$ f ! subjo9$ extract f ! ,scotti% ,/ati/ical ,report ( ! ye> #agif1 9 connection ) ,new p>i%3--,!re is a quick ?orn ( a v antique appe>ance1 = :i* ! p h a sup]/iti\s v5]ation4 ,!y h a mortal dread to lop (f or cut any "p ( x1 & affirm ) a religi\s horror t "s p]sons :o _h ! tem]ity to hurt x1 7 aft]w>ds sev]ely puni%$ = _! sacrilege4 ,"o fl[] :i*1 = "s reason or o!r1 is /ill held 9 special hon\r by !m1 is ! common /i*wort ( our c\ntry h$ges1 & :i* ! ,devon%ire peasant hesitates to pluck le/ he %\ld be pixy-l$4 ,a simil> idea =m]ly prevail$ 9 ! ,isle ( ,man 9 connection ) ! ,/4 ,john's wort4 ,if any unw>y travell] happ5$1 aft] sunset1 to tread on ?is plant1 x 0 said t a fairy-horse w\ld sudd5ly appe>1 & c>ry him ab\t all night4 ,wild ?yme is ano!r ( _! fav\rite plants1 & ,mr4 ,folk>d notes t 9 ,sicily rosem>y is equally belov$2 & t ! "y fairies1 "u ! guise ( snakes1 lie conceal$ "u its bran*es4 ,accord+ to a ,ne!rl&i% belief1 ! elf-leaf1 or sorc]esses' plant1 is p>ticul>ly grateful to !m1 & !re=e ought n to be pluck$4#e ,! f\r-leav$ clov] is a magic talisman :i* enables its we>] to detect ! :]eab\ts ( fairies1 & 0 said only to gr[ 9 _! haunts2 9 ref]5ce to :i* belief ,lov] ?us writes3 ,i'll seek a f\r-leav$ clov] ,9 all ! fairy dells1 ,& if ,i f9d ! *>m$ leaf1 ,oh1 h[ ,i'll weave my spells6 ,& accord+ to a ,dani% belief1 any "o w&]+ "u an eld]-bu% at twelve o'clock on ,midsumm] ,eve w see ! k+ ( fairyl& pass by ) all 8 ret9ue4 ,fairies' haunts are mo/ly 9 picturesque spots 7su* z among ! tufts ( wild ?yme72 & ! oak tree1 bo? "h & 9 ,g]many1 has g5]ally be5 _! fav\rite abode1 & h5ce ! sup]/iti\s rev]5ce ) :i* c]ta9 trees are held1 c>e be+ tak5 n to (f5d _! my/]i\s inhabitants4 ,an imm5se deal ( leg5d>y lore has clu/]$ r\nd ! s-call$ fairy-r+s--little circles ( a bright] gre5 9 old pa/ures--)9 :i* ! fairies 7 suppos$ to dance by night4 ,?is curi\s ph5om5on1 h[ev]1 is ow+ to ! outspread propagation ( a p>ticul> mu%room1 ! fairy-r+$ fungus1 by :i* ! gr\nd is manur$ = a ri*] foll[+ vegetation4#f ,among/ ! _m o!r conjectures z to ! cause ( ^! v]dant circles1 "s h ascrib$ !m to lightn+1 & o!rs h ma9ta9$ t !y are produc$ by ants4#g ,9 ! ,tempe/ 7v4 i7 ,prosp]o invokes ! fairies z ! demi-puppets t3 ,by moon%9e d ! gre5 s\r r+lets make1 ,:]e( ! ewe n bites2 & y1 ^: pa/ime ,is to make midnight mu%rooms4 ,& 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e7 ,mi/ress ,quickly says3 ,& nightly1 mead[-fairies1 look1 y s+1 ,l to ! ,g>t]'s compass1 9 a r+2 ,! expressure t x be>s1 gre5 let x be1 ,m f]tile-fre% ?an all ! field to see4 ,drayton1 9 8 ,nymphidia 7#a4 #fi-gb71 tells h[ ! fairies3 ,9 _! c\rses make t r\nd1 ,9 mead[s & 9 m>%es f\nd1 ,( !m s call$ ! fayrie gr\nd1 ,( :i* !y h ! keep+4 ,^! fairy-r+s h long be5 held 9 sup]/iti\s awe2 & :5 9 old5 times ,may-dew 0 ga!r$ by "y ladies to improve _! complexion1 !y c>efully avoid$ ev5 t\*+ ! grass )9 !m1 = fe> ( displeas+ ^! little be+s1 & s los+ _! p]sonal *>ms4 ,at ! pres5t day1 too1 ! peasant ass]ts t no %eep nor cattle w br[se on ! my/ic pat*es1 a natural in/9ct w>n+ !m ( _! peculi> nature4 ,a few miles f ,alnwick 0 a fairy-r+1 r\nd :i* if p ran m ?an n9e times1 "s evil 0 suppos$ to befall !m4 ,x is g5]ally agre$ t fairies 7 extremely fond ( danc+ ar\nd oaks1 & ?us 9 address+ ! mon>* ( ! =e/ a poet has exclaim$3 ,! fairies1 f _! nightly haunt1 ,9 copse or dell1 or r\nd ! trunk rev]$ ,( ,h]ne's moon-silv]$ oak1 %all *ase away ,ea* fog1 ea* blight1 & d$icate to peace ,?y classic %ade4 ,9 ,sw$5 ! mili>y fev] is said by ! peasantry to be caus$ by ! elf-mote or meet+ ) elves1 z a rem$y = :i* ! li*5 aphosus or li*5 can9us is s\ght4 ,! toad/ools (t5 f\nd ne> ^! s-call$ fairy-r+s 7 also ?\ght to be _! workman%ip1 & 9 "s localities are /yl$ pixy-/ools1 & 9 ! ,nor? ( ,wales fairy-tables1 :ile ! *eeses1 or fruit ( ! mall[1 are kn[n 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& z fairy-*eeses4 ,a species ( wood fungus f\nd ab\t ! roots ( old trees is designat$ fairy-butt]1 because aft] ra91 & :5 9 a c]ta9 degree ( putrefaction1 x is r$uc$ to a consi/5cy :i*1 toge!r ) its col\r1 makes x n unlike butt]4 ,! fairy-butt] ( ! ,wel% is a sub/ance f\nd at a great dep? 9 cavities ( lime/one rocks4 ,ritson1 9 8 ,fairy ,tales1 speak+ ( ! fairies :o frequ5t$ _m p>ts ( ,durham1 relates h[ a woman :o _h be5 9 _! society *all5g$ "o ( ! gue/s :om %e espi$ 9 ! m>ket sell+ fairy-butt]1 an accusation1 h[ev]1 :i* 0 deeply res5t$4 ,br[ne1 9 8 ,britannia's ,pa/orals1 makes ! table on :i* !y fea/ consi/ (3 ,a little mu%room1 t 0 n[ gr[n ?9n] ,by be+ "o "t %av5 = ! d9n]4 ,fairies h always be5 jeal\s ( _! rights1 & are said to res5t any infr+em5t ( _! privileges1 "o ( ^! be+ ! prop]ty ( fruit out ( season4 ,any apples1 too1 rema9+ aft] ! crop has be5 ga!r$ 91 !y claim z _! own2 & h5ce1 9 ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 to ensure _! goodwill & fri5d%ip1 a few /ray ones are purposely left on ! trees4 ,?is may p>tially p]haps expla9 ! ill-luck ( pluck+ fl[]s out ( season#h4 ,a ,ne!rl&i% piece ( folk-lore in=ms u t c]ta9 wick$ elves prep>e poison 9 "s plants4 ,h5ce exp]i5c$ %eph]ds are c>eful n to let _! flocks fe$ aft] sunset4 ,"o ( ^! plants1 !y say1 is nightwort1 :i* belongs to ! elves1 & :oev] t\*es x mu/ die#i4 ,! disease kn[n 9 ,pol& z elf-lock is said to be ! "w ( evil fairies or demons1 & is cur$ by bury+ ?i/le-se$ 9 ! gr\nd4 ,simil>ly1 9 ,icel&1 says ,mr4 ,conway1 ! f>m] gu>ds ! grass ar\nd 8 field le/ ! elves abid+ 9 !m invade 8 crops4 ,likewise ! globe-fl[] has be5 designat$ ! troll-fl[]1 f ! malignant trolls or elves1 on acc\nt ( its poison\s qualities4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,bav>ian peasant has a notion t ! elves are v fond ( /rawb]ries2 & 9 ord] t !y may be good-hum\r$ & bless 8 c[s ) abundance ( milk1 he is c>eful to tie a basket ( ?is fruit betwe5 ! c['s horns4 ,( ! _m leg5d>y orig9s ( ! fairy tribe1 !re is a popul> "o abroad t mortals h frequ5tly be5 trans=m$ into ^! little be+s ?r\gh eat+ ( ambrosia or "s peculi> k9d ( h]b4#aj ,accord+ to a ,corni% tradition1 ! f]n is 9 "s my/]i\s mann] connect$ ) ! fairies2 & a tale is told ( a "y woman :o1 :5 "o day li/lessly break+ (f ! fronds ( f]n z %e sat re/+ by ! wayside1 0 sudd5ly confront$ by a fairy wid[]1 :o 0 9 se>* ( "s "o to att5d to 8 little son4 ,%e accept$ 8 (f]1 :i* 0 ratifi$ by kiss+ a f]n leaf & repeat+ ?is =mula3 ,= a ye> & a day ,i promise to /ay4 ,soon %e 0 an inhabitant ( fairyl&1 & 0 lo/ to mortal gaze until %e _h fulfill$ h] /ipulat$ engagem5t4 ,9 ,g]many we f9d a race ( elves1 some:at l ! dw>fs1 popul>ly kn[n z ! ,wood or ,moss p4 ,!y are ab\t ! same size z *ildr51 grey & old-look+1 hairy1 & clad 9 moss4 ,_! lives1 l ^? ( ! ,hamadryads1 are atta*$ to ! trees2 & if any "o causes by friction ! inn] b>k to loos5 a ,wood-woman dies4#aa ,_! great enemy is ! ,wild ,huntsman1 :o1 driv+ invisibly ?r\gh ! air1 pursues & kills !m4 ,on "o occasion a peasant1 he>+ ! weird bay+ 9 a wood1 jo9$ 9 ! cry2 b on ! foll[+ morn+ he f\nd hang+ at 8 /able door a qu>t] ( a gre5 ,moss-woman z 8 %>e ( ! game4 ,z a spell aga9/ ! ,wild ,huntsman1 ! ,moss-wom5 sit 9 ! middle ( ^? trees ^u :i* ! woodcutt] has plac$ a cross1 indicat+ t !y are to be hewn1 !reby mak+ sure ( _! safety4 ,!n1 aga91 !re is ! old leg5d :i* tells h[ ,br&an met a man on ! sea1#ab :o 01 a ?umb long1 & float$ on a leaf1 hold+ a little b[l 9 8 "r h& & a po9t] 9 8 left2 ! po9t] he kept dipp+ into ! sea & lett+ wat] drop f x into ! b[l2 :5 ! b[l 0 full1 he empti$ x out & began fill+ x aga91 8 doom consi/+ 9 measur+ ! sea until ! judgm5t-day4 ,?is float+ on ! leaf is sugge/ive ( anci5t ,indian my?s1 & rem9ds u ( ,brahma sitt+ on a lotus & float+ across ! sea4 ,vi%nu1 :51 aft] ,brahma's dea?1 ! wat]s h cov]$ all ! worlds1 sits 9 ! %ape ( a t9y infant on a leaf ( ! fig tree1 & floats on ! sea ( milk suck+ ! toe ( 8 "r foot4#ac ,ano!r tribe ( wat]-fairies are ! nixes1 :o frequ5tly assume ! appe>ance ( beautiful maid5s4 ,on f9e sunny days !y sit on ! banks ( riv]s or lakes1 or on ! bran*es ( trees1 comb+ & arrang+ _! gold5 locks3 ,"k y ! ,nixes1 gay & fair8 ,_! eyes are black1 & gre5 _! hair1 ,!y lurk 9 s$gy %ores4 ,a fairy or wat]-sprite t resides 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,orkneys is popul>ly kn[n z ,tangie1 s-call$ f tang11 ! seawe$ ) :i* he is cov]$4 ,occasionally he makes 8 appe>ance z a little horse1 & at o!r times z a man4#ad ,!n !re are ! wood & =e/ folk ( ,g]many1 spirits inhabit+ ! =e/s1 :o /ood 9 fri5dly relation to man1 b are n[ s disgu/$ ) ! fai?less _w1 t !y h retir$ f x4 ,h5ce _! precept-- ,peel no tree1 ,relate no dream1 ,pipe no bread1 or ,bake no cum9 9 bread1 ,s w ,god help !e 9 ?y ne$4 ,on "o occasion a =e/-wife1 :o _h j ta/$ a new bak$-loaf1 giv5 z an (f]+1 0 he>d scream+ al\d3 ,!y've bak5 = me cum9 bread1 ,t on ?is h\se br+s great di/ress4 ,! prosp]ity ( ! poor peasant 0 soon on ! wane1 & be=e long he 0 r$uc$ to abject pov]ty4#ae ,^! leg5ds1 9 addition to illu/rat+ ! fairy my?ology ( bygone ye>s1 are additionally int]e/+ f _! connection ) ! plants & fl[]s1 mo/ ( :i* are famili> to u f our *ildhood4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see ,cr(ton ,crok]'s ,fairy ,leg5ds & ,traditions ( ! ,s\? ( ,irel&1 #ahfb1 p4 #ih4 #b4 ,folk>d's ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #cj4 #c4 ,fri5d1 ,fl[]s & ,fl[] ,lore1 p4 #cd4 #d4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 ii4 #ha-b4 #e4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 iii4 #bff4 #f4 ,see ,! ,phytologi/1 #ahfb1 p4 #bcf-h4 #g4 ,folk-lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ae4 #h4 ,see ,fri5d's ,fl[] ,lore1 i4 #cd4 #i4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 iii4 #bff4 #aj4 ,fri5d's ,fl[] ,lore1 i4 #bg4 #aa4 ,see ,keightley's ,fairy ,my?ology1 p4 #bca4 #ab4 ,grimm's ,teut4 ,my?41 #ahhc1 ii4 #dea2 #ac4 ,asiatic ,rese>*es1 i4 #cde4 #ad4 ,see ,keightley's ,fairy ,my?ology1 p4 #agc4 #ae4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 i4 #bea-c4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,love-,,*>ms4 ,plants h always be5 l>gely us$ = te/+ ! fidelity ( lov]s1 & at ! pres5t day are /ill ext5sively employ$ = ?is purpose by ! ru/ic maid54 ,z 9 ! case ( m$ical *>ms1 m virtue w\ld (t5 seem to reside 9 ! my/ic =mula utt]$ :ile ! fl[] is be+ secretly ga!r$1 ?an 9 any p>ticul> quality ( ! fl[] itself4 ,!n1 aga91 fl[]s1 f _! connection ) c]ta9 fe/ivals1 h be5 consult$ 9 love matt]s1 & else:]e we h allud$ to ! k !y h long be5 suppos$ to give 9 dreams1 aft] ! p]=mance ( c]ta9 incantations4 ,turn+ to "s ( ! well-kn[n *>m =mulas1 may be m5tion$ t kn[n z a clov] ( two1 ! mode ( ga!r+ x con/itut+ ! *>m itself3 ,a clov]1 a clov] ( two1 ,put x 9 y\r "r %oe2 ,! fir/ "y man y meet1 ,9 field1 /reet1 or lane1 ,y'll get him1 or "o ( 8 "n4 ,!n !re is ! hempse$ =mula1 & "o f\nd$ on ! luck ( an apple-pip1 :i*1 :5 seiz$ betwe5 ! f+] & ?umb1 is suppos$ to pop 9 ! direction ( ! lov]'s abode2 an illu/ration ( :i* we subjo9 z /ill us$ 9 ,lanca%ire3 ,pipp91 pipp91 p>adise1 ,tell me :]e my true love lies1 ,ea/1 we/1 nor?1 & s\?1 ,pill+ ,brig1 or ,cock] ,m\?4 ,! old cu/om1 too1 ( ?r[+ an apple-peel ov] ! head1 m>riage or s+le bless$ness be+ =etold by its rema9+ :ole or break+1 & ( ! peel s ca/ =m+ ! initial ( ! future lov$ "o1 f9ds _m adh]5ts4 ,equally popul>1 too1 0 ! practice ( div9+ by a ?i/le blossom4 ,:5 anxi\s to asc]ta9 :o lov$ h] mo/1 a "y woman w\ld take ?ree or f\r heads ( ?i/les1 cut (f _! po9ts1 & assign to ea* ?i/le ! "n ( an admir]1 lay+ !m "u h] pill[4 ,on ! foll[+ morn+ ! ?i/le :i* has put =? a fre% spr\t w d5ote ! man :o loves h] mo/4 ,!re are num]\s *>ms connect$ ) ! a%-leaf1 & among ^? employ$ 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& we may quote ! foll[+3 ,! ev5 a%-leaf 9 my left h&1 ,! fir/ man ,i meet %all be my husb&2 ,! ev5 a%-leaf 9 my glove1 ,! fir/ ,i meet %all be my love2 ,! ev5 a%-leaf 9 my brea/1 ,! fir/ man ,i meet's :om ,i love be/2 ,! ev5 a%-leaf 9 my h&1 ,! fir/ ,i meet %all be my man4 ,ev5 a%1 ev5 a%1 ,i pluck !e1 ,?is night my true love = to see1 ,nei!r 9 8 rick nor 9 8 re>1 ,b 9 ! clo!s he does e day we>4 ,& !re is ! well-kn[n say+ curr5t ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry3 ,if y f9d an ev5 a% or a f\r-leav$ clov]1 ,re/ assur$ y'll see y\r true love ere ! day is ov]4 ,longfell[ alludes to ! husk+ ( ! maize among ! ,am]ican coloni/s1 an ev5t :i* 0 always accompani$ by v>i\s c]emonies1 "o ( :i* he ?us =cibly describes3 ,9 ! gold5 wea!r ! maize 0 husk$1 & ! maid5s ,blu%$ at ea* blood-r$ e>1 = t betok5$ a lov]1 ,b at ! crook$ laugh$1 & call$ x a ?ief 9 ! corn-field3 ,ev5 ! blood-r$ e> to ,evangel9e br\ght n h] lov]4 ,*>ms ( ?is k9d are common1 & v>y 9 diff]5t localities1 be+ f\nd ext5sively on ! ,cont95t1 :]e p]haps ev5 great] importance is atta*$ to !m ?an 9 our own c\ntry4 ,?us1 a popul> ,fr5* "o--:i* _m ( our "y p also practise--is = lov]s to te/ ! s9c]ity ( _! affections by tak+ a daisy & pluck+ its leaflets (f "o by "o1 say+1 ,does he love me8--a little--mu*--passionately--n at all6 ! phrase :i* falls to ! la/ leaflet =m+ ! answ] to ! inquiry3 ,la blan*e et simple ,paqu]ette1 ,que ton coeur consult surt\t1 ,dit1 ,ton amant1 t5dre fillette1 ,t'aime1 un peu1 beauc\p1 po9t du t\t4 ,p]haps ,br[n alludes to ! same species ( div9ation :5 he writes (3 ,! g5tle daisy ) h] silv] cr[n1 ,worn 9 ! brea/ ( _m a %eph]d lass4 ,9 ,engl& ! m>igold1 :i* is c>efully exclud$ f ! fl[]s ) :i* ,g]man maid5s tell _! =tunes z unfav\rable to love1 is (t5 us$ = div9ation1 & 9 ,g]many ! />-fl[] & d&elion4 ,among "s ( ! ord9>y fl[]s 9 use = love-div9ation may be m5tion$ ! poppy1 ) its prophetic leaf1 & ! old-fa%ion$ ba*elor's buttons1 :i* 0 cr$it$ ) possess+ "s magical effect ^u ! =tunes ( lov]s4 ,h5ce its blossoms 7 c>ri$ 9 ! pocket1 success 9 love be+ indicat$ 9 proportion z !y lo/ or reta9$ _! fre%ness4 ,br[ne alludes to ! primrose1 :i* maid5s z a true-love 9 _! bosoms place2 & 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& ! kemps or spikes ( ! ribwort planta9 are us$ z love-*>ms4 ,! mode ( proc$ure z practis$ 9 ,nor?ampton%ire is ?us picturesquely giv5 by ,cl>e 9 8 ,%eph]d's ,cal5d>33 ,or try+ simple *>ms & spells1 ,:i* rural sup]/ition tells1 ,!y pull ! little blossom ?reads ,f out ! knotwe$'s button heads1 ,& put ! husk1 ) _m a smile1 ,9 _! :ite bosom = a :ile2 ,!n1 if !y guess aright ! swa9 ,_! love's sweet fancies try to ga91 ',tis said t ere x lies an h\r1 ',twill blossom ) a second fl[]1 ,& f ! bosom's h&k]*ief ,bloom z x ne'er _h lo/ a leaf4 ,!n !re are ! d[ny ?i/le-heads1 :i* ! ru/ic maid5 names aft] h] lov]s1 9 connection ) :i* !re are _m old rhymes4 ,beans h n lo/ _! popul>ity2 & ! leaves ( ! laurel /ill reveal ! hidd5 =tune1 hav+ be5 also burnt 9 old5 times by girls to w9 back _! errant lov]s4 ,! g>d5 sc5e 9 ,fau/ is a well-kn[n illu/ration ( ! employm5t ( ! c5taury or bluebottle = te/+ ! fai? ( lov]s1 = ,m>g>et selects x z ! floral indication :5ce %e may le>n ! tru? respect+ ,fau/3 ,& t sc>let poppies ar\nd l a b[]1 ,! maid5 f\nd h] my/ic fl[]4 ',n[1 g5tle fl[]1 ,i pray !e tell ,if my love loves1 & loves me well2 ,s may ! fall ( ! morn+ dew ,keep ! sun f fad+ ?y t5d] blue2 ,n[ ,i rememb] ! leaves = my lot-- ,he loves me n--he loves me--he loves me n-- ,he loves me6 ,yes1 ! la/ leaf--yes6 ,i'll pluck !e n = t la/ sweet guess2 ,he loves me6' ',yes1' a de> voice sigh$2 ,& h] lov] /&s by ,m>g>et's side4 ,ano!r mode ( love-div9ation =m]ly mu* practis$ among ! l[] ord]s 0 kn[n z peascod-woo+4 ,! cook1 :5 %ell+ gre5 peas1 w\ld1 if %e *anc$ to f9d a pod hav+ n9e1 lay x on ! l9tel ( ! kit*5-door1 :5 ! fir/ man :o happ5$ to ent] 0 believ$ to be h] future swee!>t2 an allusion to :i* is ?us giv5 by ,gay3 ,z peascod once ,i pluck'd1 ,i *anc$ to see ,"o t 0 closely fill'd ) ?ree times ?ree1 ,:i*1 :5 ,i cropp'd1 ,i safely home c\vey'd1 ,& o'er ! door ! spell 9 secret laid4 ,! lat* mov'd up1 :5 :o %\ld fir/ come 91 ,b1 9 8 prop] p]son1 ,lubl]k94 ,on ! o!r h&1 x 0 cu/om>y 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& to rub a "y woman ) pease-/raw %\ld h] lov] prove unfai?ful3 ,if y meet a bonnie lassie1 ,gie h] a kiss & let h] gae2 ,if y meet a dirty hussey1 ,fie1 gae rub h] o'er wi' /rae6 ,f an old ,spani% prov]b x w\ld seem t ! rosem>y has long be5 consid]$ z 9 "s way connect$ ) love3 ,:o passe? by ! rosem>ie ,& c>e? n to take a spraye1 ,= woman's love no c>e has he1 ,nor %all he ?\gh he live = aye4 ,( fl[]s & plants employ$ z love-*>ms on c]ta9 fe/ivals may be notic$ ! bay1 rosebud1 & ! hempse$ on ,/4 ,val5t9e's ,day1 nuts on ,/4 ,m>k's ,eve1 & ! ,/4 ,john's wort on ,midsumm] ,eve4 ,9 ,d5m>k#a _m an anxi\s lov] places ! ,/4 ,john's wort betwe5 ! beams "u ! ro( = ! purpose ( div9ation1 ! usual cu/om be+ to put "o plant = h]self & ano!r = h] swee!>t4 ,%\ld ^! gr[ toge!r1 x is an om5 ( an approa*+ w$d+4 ,9 ,brittany "y p prove ! good fai? ( _! lov]s by a pretty c]emony4 ,on ,/4 ,john's ,eve1 ! m51 we>+ bun*es ( gre5 :eat e>s1 & ! wom5 decorat$ ) flax blossoms1 assemble r\nd an old hi/oric /one & place ^u x _! wrea?s4 ,%\ld ^! rema9 fre% = "s "t aft]1 ! lov]s repres5t$ by !m are to be unit$2 b %\ld !y )] & die away1 x is a c]ta9 pro( t ! love w z rapidly disappe>4 ,aga91 9 ,sicily x is cu/om>y = "y wom5 to ?r[ f _! w9d[s an apple into ! /reet1 :i*1 %\ld a woman pick up1 x is a sign t ! girl w n be m>ri$ dur+ ! ye>4 ,sometimes x happ5s t ! apple is n t\*$1 a circum/ance :i* indicates t ! "y lady1 :5 m>ri$1 w ere long be a wid[4 ,on ?is fe/ival1 too1 ! orp9e or livelong has long be5 9 reque/1 popul>ly kn[n z ,midsumm] m51 :]eas 9 ,italy ! h\se-leek is 9 dem&4 ,! moss-rose1 aga91 9 ye>s gone by1 0 pluck$1 ) sundry =malities1 on ,midsumm] ,eve = love-div9ation1 an allusion to :i* mode ( =eca/+ ! future1 z practis$ 9 our own c\ntry1 occurs 9 ! poem ( ,! ,cottage ,girl3 ,! moss-rose t1 at fall ( dew1 ,ere eve its duski] curta9 drew1 ,0 fre%ly ga!r$ f its /em1 ,%e values z ! ruby gem2 ,&1 gu>d$ f ! pi]c+ air1 ,) all an anxi\s lov]'s c>e1 ,%e bids x1 = h] %eph]d's sake1 ,awake ! ,new ,ye>'s frolic wake3 ,:5 fad$ 9 its alt]$ hue1 ,%e reads--! ru/ic is untrue6 ,b if its leaves ! crimson pa9t1 ,h] sick'n+ hopes no long] fa9t2 ,! rose ^u h] bosom worn1 ,%e meets him at ! peep ( morn4 ,on ! ,cont95t ! rose is /ill ?\ght to possess my/ic virtues 9 love matt]s1 z 9 ,?ur+ia1 :]e girls =etell _! future by means ( rose-leaves4 ,a c]emony belong+ to ,hall[e'en is obs]v$ 9 ,scotl& ) "s trepidation1 & consi/s 9 eat+ an apple be=e a look+-glass1 :5 ! face ( ! desir$ "o w be se54 ,x is ?us describ$ by ,burns3 ,wee ,j5ny to h] granny says1 ',w ye gae wi' me1 granny8 ,i'll eat ! apple at ! glass ,i gat frae uncle ,johnny4' ,%e fuff't h] pipe wi' sic a lunt1 ,9 wra? %e 0 sae vap'r91 ,%e notic't na an aizle brunt ,h] braw new worset apron ,out ?ro' t night4 ',ye little skelpie limm]'s face6 ,i daur y try sic sport9' ,z seek ! f\l ?ief ony place1 ,= him to spae y\r =tune2 ,nae d\bt b ye may get a sight6 ,great cause ye hae to fe> x1 ,= mony a ane has gott5 a fright1 ,& liv$ & di$ dele]et ,on sic a night4' ,hall[e'en also is /ill a fav\rite anniv]s>y = all k9ds ( nut-*>ms1 & ,/4 ,?omas 0 long invok$ :5 ! prophetic onion nam$ aft] him 0 plac$ "u ! pill[4 ,rosem>y & ?yme 7 us$ on ,/4 ,agnes' ,eve ) ?is =mula3 ,/4 ,agnes1 t's to lov]s k9d1 ,come1 ease ! tr\bles ( my m9d4 ,9 ,au/ria1 on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 apples are us$ = div9ation4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,conway1 ! apple mu/ be cut 9 two 9 ! d>k1 )\t be+ t\*$1 ! left half be+ plac$ 9 ! bosom1 & ! "r laid beh9d ! door4 ,if ?is latt] c]emony be c>efully c>ri$ out1 ! desir$ "o may be look$ = at midnight ne> ! "r half4 ,he fur!r tells u t 9 ! ,erzgebirge1 ! maid51 hav+ slept on ,/4 ,&rew's1 or ,*ri/mas1 night ) an apple "u h] pill[1 takes h] /& ) x 9 h] h& on ! next fe/ival ( ! ,*ur* !reaft]2 & ! fir/ man :om %e sees1 o!r ?an a relative1 w become h] husb&4 ,aga91 9 ,bohemia1 on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 !re is a pretty practice = "y p to fix col\r$ wax-lights 9 ! %ells ( ! fir/ nuts !y h op5$ t day1 & to float !m 9 wat]1 aft] sil5tly assign+ to ea* ! "n ( "s fanci$ woo]4 ,he ^: little b>que is ! fir/ to approa* ! girl w be h] future husb&2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 %\ld an unwelcome suitor seem likely to be ! fir/1 %e bl[s aga9/ x1 & s1 by imp$+ its progress1 all[s ! fav\r$ b>que to w94 ,9 v e>ly times fl[]s 7 mcuh 9 reque/ z love-philtres1 v>i\s allusions to :i* occur 9 ! lit]ature ( mo/ ages4 ,?us1 9 ,a ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream1 ,ob]on tells ,puck to place a pansy on ! eyes ( ,titania1 9 ord] t1 on awak+1 %e may fall 9 love ) ! fir/ object %e enc\nt]s4 ,g]>de speaks ( ! c>rot z s]v+ = love matt]s1 & adds t ! root ( ! wild species is m effectual ?an t ( ! g>d54 ,v]va9 has long be5 9 repute z a love-philtre1 & 9 ,g]many n[-a-days endive-se$ is sold = its suppos$ p[] to influ5ce ! affections4 ,! root ( ! male f]n 0 9 ye>s gone by us$ 9 love-philtres1 & h5ce ! foll[+ allusion3 ',twas ! maid5's mat*less beauty ,t drew my he>t a-nigh2 ,n ! f]n-root potion1 ,b ! glance ( h] blue eye4 ,!n !re is ! basil ) its my/ic virtues1 & ! cum9-see & cyclam51 :i* f ! "t ( ,!ophra/us h be5 covet$ = _! magic virtues4 ,! purslane1 crocus1 & p]iw9kle 7 ?\ght to inspire love2 :ile ! agnus ca/us & ! ,s>aca ,indica 7"o ( ! sacr$ plants ( ,india71 a species ( ! will[1 7 suppos$ to drive away all feel+s ( love4 ,simil>ly 9 ,voigtl&1 ! common basil 0 reg>d$ z a te/ ( *a/ity1 )]+ 9 ! h&s ( ! impure4 ,! m&rake1 :i* is /ill worn 9 ,france z a love-*>m1 0 employ$ by wit*es 9 ! composition ( _! philtres2 & 9 ,bohemia1 x is said t if a maid5 c secretly put a sprig ( ! common clov] into h] lov]'s %oe ere he sets out on a j\rney1 he w be fai?ful to h] dur+ 8 abs5ce4 ,z f> back z ! "t ( ,pl9y1 ! wat]-lily 0 reg>d$ z an antidote to ! love-philtre1 & ! am>an? 0 us$ = curb+ ! affections4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,our ,lady's b$/raw & ! mall[ 7 suppos$ to h ! rev]se effect1 :ile ! myrtle n only creat$ love1 b pres]v$ x4 ,! ,sicilians /ill employ hemp to secure ! affections ( ^? !y love1 & ga!r x ) v>i\s =malities1#b fully believ+ 9 its pot5cy4 ,inde$1 *>ms ( ?is k9d are f\nd ?r\gh\t ! _w1 e c\ntry hav+ its own special plants 9 dem& = ?is purpose4 ,h[ev] :imsical !y may seem1 !y at any rate h ! sanction ( antiquity1 & c claim an antec$5t hi/ory c]ta9ly wor?y ( a bett] cause4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology4 #b4 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #gbj4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,dream-,,plants4 ,! importance atta*$ to dreams 9 all primitive & savage culture acc\nts = ! significance ascrib$ to c]ta9 plants f\nd by visitors to dreaml&4 ,at ! outset1 x may be notic$ t v>i\s drugs & n>cotic potions h1 f "t immemorial1 be5 employ$ = produc+ dreams & visions--a process /ill 9 =ce among/ uncivilis$ tribes4 ,?us ! ,mundrucus ( ,nor? ,brazil1 :5 desir\s ( ga9+ in=mation on any special subject1 w\ld adm9i/] to _! se]s n>cotic dr9ks1 s t 9 _! dreams !y might be fav\r$ ) ! k requir$4 ,c]ta9 ( ! ,amazon tribes use n>cotic plants = enc\rag+ visions1 & ! ,cali=nian ,indians1 writes ,mr4 ,tylor1#a w\ld give *ildr5 n>cotic potions1 to ga9 f ! ensu+ visions in=mation ab\t _! enemies2 :il/1 he adds1 ! ,d>i5 ,indians us$ ! se$s ( ! ,datura sangu9ca to br+ on 9 *ildr5 prophetic delirium1 9 :i* !y reveal$ hidd5 treasure4 ,simil>ly1 ! ,delaw>e m$ic9e-m5 us$ to dr9k decoctions ( an intoxicat+ nature1 until _! m9ds became wild]$1 s t !y saw extraord9>y visions4#b ,! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians also held intoxication by tobacco to be sup]natural ec/asy4 ,x is curi\s to f9d a survival ( ?is s\rce ( sup]/ition 9 mod]n ,european folk-lore4 ,?us1 on ! ,cont95t1 _m a lov] puts ! f\r-leav$ clov] "u 8 pill[ to dream ( 8 lady-love2 & 9 our own c\ntry1 daisy-roots are us$ by ! ru/ic maid5 = ! same purpose4 ,! ,russians are famili> ) a c]ta9 h]b1 kn[n z ! son-trava1 a dream h]b1 :i* has be5 id5tifi$ ) ! ,pulsatilla pat5s1 & is said to blossom 9 ,april1 & to h an azure-col\r$ fl[]4 ,:5 plac$ "u ! pill[1 x w induce dreams1 :i* are g5]ally suppos$ to be fulfill$4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t x 0 f its title ( tree ( dreams t ! elm became a prophetic tree1 hav+ be5 select$ by ,virgil 9 ! ,a5eid 7vi47 z ! roo/+-place ( dreams 9 gloomy ,orcus3 ,full 9 ! mid/ a spread+ elm display$ ,8 ag$ arms1 & ca/ a mighty %ade2 ,ea* trembl+ leaf ) "s light visions teems1 ,& leaves impregnat$ ) airy dreams4 ,at ! pres5t day1 ! y>r[ or milfoil is us$ by love-sick maid5s1 :o are direct$ to pluck ! my/ic plant f a "y man's grave1 repeat+ mean:ile ?is =mula3 ,y>r[1 sweet y>r[1 ! fir/ t ,i h f\nd1 ,9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ,i pluck x f ! gr\nd2 ,z ,jesus lov$ sweet ,m>y & took h] = ,8 de>1 ,s 9 a dream ?is night ,i hope my true love w appe>4 ,inde$1 _m o!r plants are 9 dem& = ?is species ( love-div9ation1 "s ( :i* are associat$ ) c]ta9 days & fe/ivals4 ,9 ,sw$51 = in/ance1 if on ,midsumm] night n9e k9ds ( fl[]s are laid "u ! head1 a y\? or maid5 w dream ( 8 or h] swee!>t4#c ,h5ce 9 ^! simple & ru/ic love-*>ms may be trac$ simil> beliefs z prevail among rude communities4 ,aga91 among _m ( ! ,am]ican ,indian tribes we f9d1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,dorman1#d a my?ical tree or v9e1 :i* has a sacr$ness connect$ ) x ( peculi> significance1 =m+ a connect+-l9k & m$ium ( communication betwe5 ! _w ( ! liv+ & ! dead4 ,x is g5]ally us$ by ! _s z a ladd] to pass d[nw>d & upw>d ^u2 ! ,ojibways hav+ possess$ "o ( ^! v9es1 ! upp] end ( :i* 0 tw9$ r\nd a />4 ,he fur!r adds t _m traditions are told ( attempts to climb ^! heav5ly ladd]s2 &1 if a "y man has be5 mu* fav\r$ ) dreams1 & ! p believe he has ! art ( look+ into futurity1 ! pa? is op5 to ! highe/ hon\rs4 ,! future prophet puts d[n 8 dreams 9 pictographs1 & :5 he has a collection ( ^!1 if !y prove true 9 any respect1 !n ?is record ( 8 revelations is appeal$ to z pro( ( 8 prophetic p[]4 ,b1 )\t enum]at+ fur!r in/ances ( ^! savage dream-traditions1 :i* are closely alli$ ) ! animi/ic !ories ( primitive culture1 we w\ld turn to ^? plants :i* mod]n ,european folk-lore has connect$ ) dreaml&4 ,^! are some:at ext5sive1 b a brief survey ( "s ( ! mo/ important ones w suffice to indicate _! g5]al significance4 ,fir/ly1 to dream ( :ite fl[]s has be5 suppos$ to progno/icate dea?2 ) :i* may be comp>$ ! popul> belief t if a :ite rosebu% puts =? unexpect$ly1 x is a sign ( dea? to ! ne>e/ h\se2 dream-om5s 9 _m cases reflect+ ! sup]/itions ( daily life4 ,9 ,scot* ballads ! bir* is associat$ ) ! dead1 an illu/ration ( :i* we f9d 9 ! subjo9$ l9es3-- ,i dream$ a dre>y dream la/ ni*t2 ,god keep u a' frae sorr[6 ,i dream$ ,i pu'd ! birk sae gre51 ,wi' my true love on ,y>r[4 ,i'll r$de y\r dream1 my si/] de>1 ,i'll tell y a' y\r sorr[2 ,y pu'd ! birk wi' y\r true love2 ,he's kill$1--he's kill$ on ,y>r[4 ,( ! _m plants :i* h be5 consid]$ ( good om5 :5 se5 9 dreams1 may be m5tion$ ! palm-tree1 olive1 jasm9e1 lily1 laurel1 ?i/le1 ?orn1 wormwood1 currant1 pe>1 c42 :]eas ! greate/ luck atta*es to ! rose4 ,on ! o!r h&1 equally num]\s are ! plants :i* d5ote mis=tune4 ,among ^! may be includ$ ! plum1 *]ry1 )]$ roses1 walnut1 hemp1 cypress1 d&elion1 c4 ,beans are /ill said to produce bad dreams & to port5d evil2 & accord+ to a ,leice/]%ire say+1 ,if y wi% = awful dreams or desire to g crazy1 sleep 9 a bean-field all night4 ,"s plants are said to =etell long life1 su* z ! oak1 apricot1 apple1 box1 grape1 & fig2 & sickness is suppos$ to be presag$ by su* plants z ! eld]1 onion1 acorn1 & plum4 ,love & m>riage are1 z might be expect$1 well repres5t$ 9 ! dream-flora2 a circum/ance1 inde$1 :i* has n fail$ to impress ! "y at all times4 ,?us1 =emo/ among/ ! fl[]s :i* indicate success 9 love is ! rose1 a fact :i* is n surpris+ :5 x is rememb]$ h[ l>gely ?is fav\rite ( our g>d5s ent]s into love-div9ations4 ,!n !re is ! clov]1 to dream ( :i* =etells n only a happy m>riage1 b "o productive ( weal? & prosp]ity4 ,9 ?is case1 too1 x mu/ be rememb]$ ! clov] has long be5 reckon$ z a my/ic plant1 hav+ 9 mo/ ,european c\ntries be5 mu* employ$ = ! purposes ( div9ation4 ,( fur!r plants cr$it$ z augur+ well = love affairs are ! raspb]ry1 pomegranate1 cucumb]1 currant1 & box2 b ! walnut implies unfai?fulness1 & ! act ( cutt+ p>sley is an om5 t ! p]son s occupi$ w soon] or lat] be cross$ 9 love4 ,?is ill-luck atta*$ to p>sley is 9 "s measure expla9$ f ! fact t 9 _m respects x is an unlucky plant4 ,x is a belief1 z we h notic$ else:]e1 widely spread 9 ,devon%ire1 t to transplant p>sley is to commit a s]i\s (f5ce aga9/ ! gu>dian g5ius :o presides ov] p>sley-b$s1 c]ta9 to be puni%$ ei!r on ! (f5d] himself or "s memb] ( 8 family )9 ! c\rse ( ! ye>4 ,once m to dream ( cutt+ cabbage1 writes ,mr4 ,folk>d1#e ,d5otes jeal\sy on ! "p ( wife1 husb&1 or lov]1 z ! case may be4 ,to dream ( any "o else cutt+ !m port5ds an attempt by "s p]son to create jeal\sy 9 ! lov$ "o's m9d4 ,to dream ( eat+ cabbages implies sickness to lov$ ones & loss ( money4 ,! bramble1 an important plant 9 folk-lore1 is p>tly unlucky1 &1 ,to dream ( pass+ ?r\gh places cov]$ ) brambles port5ds tr\bles2 if !y prick y1 secret enemies w d y an injury ) y\r fri5ds2 if !y draw blood1 expect heavy losses 9 trade4 ,b to dream ( pass+ ?r\gh brambles unhurt d5otes a triumph ov] enemies4 ,to dream ( be+ prick$ ) bri>s1 says ! ,royal ,dream ,book1#f %[s t ! p]son dream+ has an ard5t desire to some?+1 & t "y folks dream+ ?us are 9 love1 :o prick !mselves 9 /riv+ to ga!r _! rose4 ,"s plants are said to d5ote ri*es1 su* z ! oak1 m>igold1 pe> & nut tree1 :ile ! ga!r+ ( nuts is said to presage ! discov]y ( unexpect$ weal?4 ,aga91 to dream ( fruit or fl[]s out ( season is a bad om51 a notion1 inde$1 ) :i* we f9d v>i\s prov]bs curr5t ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,?us1 ! ,nor?ampton%ire peasant consid]s ! bloom+ ( ! apple-tree aft] ! fruit is ripe z a c]ta9 om5 ( dea?--a belief embodi$ 9 ! foll[+ prov]b3 ,a bloom ^u ! apple-tree :5 ! apples are ripe1 ,is a sure t]m9ation to somebody's life4 ,& once m1 accord+ to an old ,sussex adage-- ,fruit out ( season ,s\nds out ( reason4 ,on ! o!r h&1 to dream ( fruit or any sort ( crop dur+ its prop] season is /ill an indication ( good luck4#g ,?us x is lucky to dream ( daisies 9 spr+-"t or summ]1 b j ! rev]se 9 autumn or w9t]4 ,)\t enum]at+ fur!r in/ances ( ?is k9d1 we may quote ! subjo9$ rhyme relat+ to ! onion1 z a specim5 ( _m simil> ones scatt]$ "h & !re 9 v>i\s c\ntries3#h ,to dream ( eat+ onions means ,mu* /rife 9 ?y dome/ic sc5es1 ,secrets f\nd out or else betray$1 ,& _m falsehoods made & said4 ,_m plants 9 dream-lore h m ?an "o mean+ atta*$ to !m4 ,?us f !1 ,royal ,dream ,book we le>n t yell[ fl[]s pr$ict love mix$ ) jeal\sy1 & t y w h m *ildr5 to ma9ta9 ?an :at ju/ly belong to y4 ,to dream ( g>lic indicates ! discov]y ( hidd5 treasures1 b ! approa* ( "s dome/ic qu>rel4 ,*]ries1 aga91 indicate incon/ancy2 b "o w\ld sc>cely expect to f9d ! ?i/le reg>d$ z lucky2 =1 accord+ to an old piece ( folk-lore1 to dream ( be+ surr\nd$ by ?is plant is a propiti\s sign1 =etell+ t ! p]son w be=e long h "s pleas+ intellig5ce4 ,9 ! same way a simil> mean+ 9 dream-lore atta*es to ! ?orn4 ,accord+ to old dream-books1 ! dream+ ( yew indicates ! dea? ( an ag$ p]son1 :o w leave consid]able weal? beh9d him2 :ile ! violet is said to devote advancem5t 9 life4 ,simil>ly1 too1 ! v9e =etells prosp]ity1 = :i*1 says a dream int]pret]1 we h ! example ( ,a/yages1 k+ ( ! ,m$es1 :o dream$ t 8 daught] br\ght =? a v9e1 :i* 0 a progno/ic ( ! gr&eur1 ri*es1 & felicity ( ! great ,cyrus1 :o 0 born ( h] aft] ?is dream4 ,pluck+ e>s ( corn signifies ! exi/5ce ( secret enemies1 & ,mr4 ,folk>d quotes an old au?ority :i* tells u t ! junip] is pot5t 9 dreams4 ,?us1 x is unlucky to dream ( ! tree itself1 especially if ! p]son be sick2 b to dream ( ga!r+ ! b]ries1 if x be 9 w9t]1 d5otes prosp]ity4 ,to dream ( ! actual b]ries signifies t ! dream] w %ortly arrive at great hon\rs & become an important p]son4 ,to ! m>ri$ x =etells ! bir? ( a male *ild4 ,aga91 eat+ almonds signifies a j\rney1 its success or o!rwise be+ d5ot$ by _! ta/+ sweet or ! contr>y4 ,dream+ ( grass is an auspici\s om51 provid$ x be gre5 & fre%2 b if x be )]$ & decay$1 x is a sign ( ! approa* ( mis=tune & sickness1 foll[$ p]haps by dea?4 ,woe betide1 too1 ! p]son :o dreams t he is cutt+ grass4 ,c]ta9 plants produce dreams on p>ticul> occasions4 ,! mugwort & planta9 h long be5 associat$ ) ,midsumm]2 &1 accord+ to ,?omas ,hill 9 8 ,natural & ,artificial ,conclusions1 a r>e coal is to be f\nd "u ^! plants b "o h\r 9 ! day1 & "o day 9 ! ye>4 ,:5 ,aubrey happ5$ to be walk+ beh9d ,montague ,h\se at twelve o'clock on ,midsumm] day1 he relates h[ he saw ab\t tw5ty-two "y wom51 mo/ ( !m well dress$1 & app>5tly all v busy we$+4 ,on mak+ inquiries1 he 0 in=m$ t !y 7 look+ = a coal "u ! root ( a planta91 to put b5ea? _! heads t night1 :5 !y w\ld n fail to dream ( _! future husb&s4 ,b1 un=tunately = ?is cr$ulity1 z an old au?or long ago po9t$ out1 ! coal is no?+ b an old dead root1 & t x may be f\nd almo/ any day & h\r :5 s\ght =4 ,by lov]s ! holly has long be5 suppos$ to h my/ic virtues z a dream-plant :5 us$ on ! eve ( any ( ! foll[+ fe/ivals3 ,*ri/mas1 ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 ,midsumm]1 & ,all ,hall[e'en4 ,accord+ to ! mode ( proc$ure practis$ 9 ! nor!rn c\nties1 ! anxi\s maid51 be=e retir+ to re/1 places ?ree pails full ( wat] 9 h] b$room1 & !n p9s to h] night-dress ?ree leaves ( gre5 holly opposite to h] he>t1 aft] :i* %e goes to sleep4 ,believ+ 9 ! efficacy ( ! *>m1 %e p]suades h]self t %e w be r\s$ f h] fir/ slumb] by ?ree yells1 z if f ! ?roats ( ?ree be>s1 succe$$ by z _m ho>se laughs4 ,:5 ^! h di$ away1 ! =m ( h] future husb& w appe>1 :o w %[ 8 atta*m5t to h] by *ang+ ! position ( ! wat]-pails1 :]eas if he h no p>ticul> affection he w disappe> )\t ev5 t\*+ !m4 ,!n1 ( c\rse1 f "t immemorial all k9ds ( *>ms h be5 obs]v$ on ,/4 ,val5t9e's ,day to produce prophetic dreams4 ,a popul> *>m consi/$ ( plac+ two bay leaves1 aft] spr9kl+ !m ) rose-wat]1 across ! pill[1 repeat+ ?is =mula3-- ,good ,val5t9e1 be k9d to me1 ,9 dream let me my true love see4 ,/4 ,luke's ,day 0 9 ye>s gone by a season = love-div9ation1 & among "s ( ! _m directions giv5 we may quote ! subjo9$1 :i* is some:at elaborate3-- ,take m>igold fl[]s1 a sprig ( m>joram1 ?yme1 & a little wormwood2 dry !m be=e a fire1 rub !m to p[d]1 !n sift x ?r\gh a f9e piece ( lawn2 simm] ^! ) a small quantity ( virg9 honey1 9 :ite v9eg>1 ov] a sl[ fire2 ) ?is ano9t y\r /oma*1 brea/s1 & lips1 ly+ d[n1 & repeat ^! words ?rice3-- ',/ ,luke1 ,/4 ,luke1 be k9d to me1 ,9 dream let me my true love see6' ,?is said1 ha/5 to sleep1 & 9 ! s(t slumb]s ( night's repose1 ! v man :om y %all m>ry %all appe> be=e y4 ,la/ly1 c]ta9 plants h be5 l>gely us$ by gipsies & =tune-tell]s = invok+ dreams1 & 9 _m a c\ntry village ^! are pluck$ & giv5 to ! anxi\s inquir] ) v>i\s =mulas4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,primitive ,culture1 #ahgc1 ii4 #daf1 #dag4 #b4 ,see ,dorman's ,primitive ,sup]/ition1 p4 #fh4 #c4 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 #ahea1 ii4 #ajh4 #d4 ,primitive ,sup]/itions1 p4 #fg4 #e4 ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #bfe4 #f4 ,quot$ 9 ,br&'s ,popul> ,antiquities1 #ahdi1 iii4 #ace4 #g4 ,see ,fri5d's ,fl[]-,lore1 i4 #bjg4 #h4 ,folk>d's ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #dgg4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,plants ,,& ,,! ,,wea!r4 ,! influ5ce ( ! wea!r on plants is an agricultural belief :i* is firmly cr$it$ by ! mod]n husb&man4 ,9 _m in/ances 8 meteorological notions are ! result ( obs]vation1 al?\gh 9 "s cases ! reason assign$ = c]ta9 pieces ( wea!r-lore is f> f obvi\s4 ,incid5tal allusion has already be5 made to ! a/rological doctr9e ( ! influ5ce ( ! moon's *anges on plants--a belief :i* /ill reta9s its hold 9 mo/ agricultural di/ricts4 ,x appe>s t 9 ye>s gone by nei!r s[+1 plant+1 nor graft+ 0 ev] und]tak5 )\t a scrupul\s att5tion to ! increase or wan+ ( ! moon2#a & ! advice giv5 by ,tuss] 9 8 ,five ,hundr$ ,po9ts ( ,husb&ry is n =gott5 ev5 at ! pres5t day3-- ,s[ peas & beans 9 ! wane ( ! moon1 ,:o s[e? !m soon]1 he s[e? too soon1 ,t !y ) ! planet may re/ & rise1 ,& fl\ri% ) be>+1 mo/ pl5tiful-wise4 ,_m ( ! old g>d5+ books give ! same advice1 al?\gh by "s x has be5 sev]ely ridicul$4 ,scott1 9 8 ,discov]ie ( ,wit*craft1 notes h[1 ! poor husb&man p]ceive? t ! increase ( ! moon make? plants fruitful1 s z 9 ! full moone !y are 9 be/ /r5g?1 decay+ 9 ! wane1 & 9 ! conjunction d entirely )] & fade4 ,simil>ly ! gr[? ( mu%rooms is said to be affect$ by ! wea!r1 & 9 ,devon%ire apples %rump up if pick$ dur+ a wan+ moon4#b ,"o reason1 p]haps1 = ! att5tion s univ]sally paid to ! moon's *anges 9 agricultural pursuits is1 writes ,mr4 ,f>r]1 t !y are f> m rem>kable ?an any ( ! sun's1 & m calculat$ to inspire dread by ! nocturnal d>kness !y cont5d )1 & h5ce are held 9 popul> fancy ne>ly ev]y:]e1 to cause1 port5d1 or accord ) *anges 9 ! lot ( mortals1 & all ?+s t]re/rial4#c ,on ?is assumption may be expla9$ ! idea t !1 moon's wane makes ?+s on e>? to wane2 :5 x is new or full x is ev]y:]e ! prop] season = new crops to be s[n4 ,9 ! ,h]vey ,isl&s cocoa-nuts are g5]ally plant$ 9 ! full ( ! moon1 ! size ( ! latt] be+ reg>d$ z symbolical ( ! ultimate fulness ( ! fruit4 ,9 ! same way ! wea!r ( c]ta9 seasons ( ! ye> is suppos$ to influ5ce ! vegetable _w1 & 9 ,rutl&%ire we are told t a gre5 ,*ri/mas br+s a heavy h>ve/2 b a full moon ab\t ,*ri/mas ,day is unlucky1 h5ce ! adage3 ,light ,*ri/mas1 light :eat%eaf1 ,d>k ,*ri/mas1 heavy :eat%eaf4 ,if ! wea!r be cle> on ,c&lemas ,day corn & fruits w !n be de>1 & :oev] do? plant or s[ on ,%rove ,tuesday1 x w always rema9 gre54 ,accord+ to a piece ( wea!r-lore 9 ,sw$51 !re is a say+ t to /rew a% bran*es 9 a field on ,a% ,w$nesday is equival5t to ?ree days' ra9 & ?ree days' sun4 ,ra9 on ,ea/] ,day =etells a good h>ve/ b poor hay crop1 :ile ?und] on ,all ,fool's ,day br+s good crops ( corn & hay4 ,accord+ to ! ,%eph]d's ,cal5d>1 if1 ,midsumm] ,day be nev] s little ra9y ! hazel & walnut w be sc>ce2 corn smitt5 9 _m places2 b apples1 pe>s1 & plums w n be hurt4 ,& we are fur!r rem9d$3-- ,till ,/4 ,james's ,day be come & gone1 ,!re may be hops or !re may be none4 ,speak+ ( hops1 x is said1 pl5ty ( ladybirds1 pl5ty ( hops4 ,x is also a popul> notion among our peasantry t if a drop ( ra9 hang on an oat at ?is season !re w be a good crop4 ,ano!r agricultural adage says3-- ,no tempe/1 good ,july1 le/ corn come (f bluely4 ,!n !re is ! old ,mi*aelmas rhyme3-- ,at ,mi*aelmas "t1 or a little be=e1 ,half an apple goes to ! core2 ,at ,*ri/mas "t1 or a little aft]1 ,a crab 9 ! h$ge1 & ?anks to ! graft]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! blossom+ ( plants at c]ta9 times is said to be an indication ( ! com+ wea!r1 & s :5 ! bramble blooms e>ly 9 ,june an e>ly h>ve/ may be expect$2 & 9 ! nor!rn c\nties ! peasant judges ( ! advance ( ! ye> by ! appe>ance ( ! daisy1 affirm+ t spr+ has n arriv$ till y c set y\r foot on twelve daisies4 ,we are also told t :5 _m haw?orn blossoms are se5 a sev]e w9t] w foll[2 &1 accord+ to ,wils=d1 ! broom hav+ pl5ty ( blossoms is a sign ( a fruitful ye> ( corn4 ,a ,surrey prov]b tells u t ,x's always cold :5 ! black?orn comes into fl[]2 & !re is ! rhyme :i* rem9ds u t3-- ,if ! oak is out be=e ! a%1 ',twill be a summ] ( wet & spla%2 ,b if ! a% is be=e ! oak1 ',twill be a summ] ( fire & smoke4 ,!re are sev]al v]sions ( ?is piece ( wea!r-lore1 an old ,k5ti% "o be+ ,oak1 smoke2 a%1 qua%2 & accord+ to a v]sion giv5 9 ,notes & ,qu]ies 7#a/ ,s]ies v4 #ga73-- ,if ! oak's be=e ! a%1 !n y'll only get a spla%1 ,if ! a% prec$es ! oak1 !n y may expect a soak4 ,f ! ,%eph]d's ,cal5d> we le>n t1 ,if 9 ! fall ( ! leaf 9 ,octob] _m leaves )] on ! b\ghs & hang !re1 x betok5s a fro/y w9t] & mu* sn[1 ) :i* may be comp>$ a ,devon%ire say+3-- ,if good apples y w\ld h ,! leaves mu/ g into ! grave4 ,or1 9 o!r words1 y mu/ plant y\r trees 9 ! fall ( ! leaf4 ,& aga91 ,apples1 pe>s1 haw?orn-quick1 oak2 set !m at ,all-hall[-tide & comm& !m to prosp]2 set !m at ,c&lemas & entreat !m to gr[4 ,9 ,g]many1#d too1 !re is a rhyme :i* may be ?us translat$3-- ,:5 ! haw?orn bloom too e>ly %[s1 ,we %all h /ill _m sn[s4 ,9 ! same way ! fruit ( trees & plants 0 reg>d$ z a progno/ication ( ! ensu+ wea!r1 & ,wils=d tells u t great /ore ( walnuts & almonds presage a pl5tiful ye> ( corn1 especially filb]ts4 ,! notion t an abundance ( haws betok5s a h>d w9t] is /ill mu* cr$it$1 & has giv5 rise to ! famili> ,scot* prov]b3-- ,mony haws1 ,mony snaws4 ,ano!r v>iation ( ! same adage 9 ,k5t is1 ,a plum ye>1 a dumb ye>1 &1 ,_m nits1 _m pits1 imply+ t ! abundance ( nuts 9 ! autumn indicates ! pits or graves ( ^? :o %all succumb to ! h>d & inclem5t wea!r ( w9t]2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 ,a *]ry ye>1 a m]ry ye>4 ,a fur!r piece ( wea!r-lore tells u3-- ,_m ra9s1 _m r[ans2 ,_m r[ans1 _m yawns1 ,! mean+ be+ t an abundance ( r[ans--! fruit ( ! m\nta9-a%--d5ote a defici5t h>ve/4 ,among fur!r say+s ( ?is k9d may be notic$ "o relat+ to ! onion1 :i* is ?us3-- ,onion's sk9 v ?91 ,mild-w9t]'s com+ 92 ,onion's sk9 ?ick & t\gh1 ,com+ w9t] cold & r\gh4 ,aga91 _m ( our peasantry h long be5 accu/om$ to arrange _! f>m+ pursuits f ! indications giv5 !m by sundry trees & plants4 ,?us x is said-- ,:5 ! sloe tree is z :ite z a %eet1 ,s[ y\r b>ley :e!r x be dry or wet4 ,) :i* may be comp>$ ano!r piece ( wea!r-lore3-- ,:5 ! oak puts on 8 gosl+ grey1 ',tis "t to s[ b>ley night or day4 ,! leaf+ ( ! elm has f "t immemorial be5 made to regulate agricultural op]ations1 & h5ce ! old rule3-- ,:5 ! elm5 leaf is z big z a m\se's e>1 ,!n to s[ b>ley nev] fe>4 ,:5 ! elm5 leaf is z big z an ox's eye1 ,!n say ,i1 ',hie1 boys1 hie6' ,a ,w>wick%ire v>iation is3-- ,:5 elm leaves are big z a %ill+1 ,plant kidney beans1 if to plant 'em y're will+4 ,:5 elm leaves are z big z a p5ny1 ,y mu/ plant kidney beans if y mean to h any4 ,b if ! grass gr[ 9 ,janu>y1 ! husb&man is recomm5d$ to lock 8 gra9 9 ! gran>y1 :ile a fur!r prov]b in=ms u t3-- ,on ,c&lemas ,day if ! ?orns hang a drop1 ,y are sure ( a good pea crop4 ,9 bygone times ! appe>ance ( ! b]ries ( ! eld] 0 held to indicate ! prop] season = s[+ :eat3-- ,) purple fruit :5 eld] bran*es b5d1 ,& _! high hues ! hips & cornels l5d1 ,ere yet *ill ho>-fro/ comes1 or sleety ra91 ,s[ ) *oice :eat ! neatly furr[$ pla94 ,! eld] is n )\t its tea*+1 & accord+ to a popul> old prov]b3-- ,:5 ! eld] is :ite1 brew & bake a peck1 ,:5 ! eld] is black1 brew & bake a sack4 ,accord+ to an old prov]b1 ,y mu/ look = grass on ! top ( ! oak tree1 ! mean+ be+1 says ,ray1 t ! grass seldom spr+s well be=e ! oak beg9s to put =?4 ,9 ! ,we/]n ,c\nties x is ass]t$ t fro/ ceases z soon z ! mulb]ry tree bur/s into leaf1 ) :i* may be comp>$ ! words ( ,autolycus 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #c73-- ,:5 daffodils beg9 to pe]1 ,) heigh6 ! doxy ov] ! dale1 ,:y1 !n conies 9 ! sweet o' ! ye>4 ,! dairyman is recomm5d$ 9 autumn to notice ! appe>ance ( ! f]n1 because3-- ,:5 ! f]n is z high z a ladle1 ,y may sleep z long z y are able4 ,:5 ! f]n beg9s to look r$1 ,!n milk is good ) br[n bread4 ,=m]ly c]ta9 agricultural op]ations 7 regulat$ by ! seasons1 & an old rule tells ! f>m]-- ,^u ,/4 ,david's ,day1 put oats & b>ley 9 ! clay4 ,ano!r v]sion be+3-- ,s[ peas & beans on ,david & ,*ad1 ,be ! wea!r good or bad4 ,a ,som]set%ire piece ( agricultural lore fixes an e>li] date1 & bids ! f>m] to s[ or set beans 9 ,c&lemas waddle4 ,9 connection ) ! inclem5t wea!r t (t5 prevails ?r\gh\t ! spr+ mon?s x is commonly said1 ,!y t g to _! corn 9 ,may may come weep+ away1 b ,!y t g 9 ,june may come back ) a m]ry tune4 ,!n !re is ! foll[+ famili> pretty c\plet1 ( :i* !re are sev]al v]sions3-- ,! bee do? love ! sweete/ fl[]1 ,s do? ! blossom ! ,april %[]4 ,9 connection ) beans1 !re is a well-kn[n adage :i* says3-- ,be x weal or be x woe1 ,beans %\ld bl[ be=e ,may g4 ,( ! num]\s o!r items ( plant wea!r-lore1 x is said t ,m>* w9d wakes ! e!r 7i4 e41 add]7 & blooms ! :92 & _m ( our peasantry ma9ta9 t3-- ,a peck ( ,m>* du/ & a %[] 9 ,may1 ,makes ! corn gre5 & ! fields gay4 ,x %\ld also be not$ t _m plants are consid]$ good b>omet]s4 ,*ickwe$1 = in/ance1 exp&s its leaves fully :5 f9e wea!r is to foll[2 b if x %\ld %ut up1 !n ! travell] is to put on 8 greatcoat4#e ,! same1 too1 is said to be ! case ) ! pimp]nel1 convolvulus1 & clov]2 :ile if ! m>igold does n op5 its petals by sev5 o'clock 9 ! morn+1 ei!r ra9 or ?und] may be expect$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! day4 ,accord+ to ,wils=d1 tezils1 or full]'s ?i/le1 be+ ga!r$ & hang$ up 9 ! h\se1 :]e ! air may come freely to x1 ^u ! alt]ation ( cold & w9dy wea!r w gr[ smoo!r1 & aga9/ ra9 w close up its prickles4 ,once m1 accord+ to ! ,%eph]d's ,cal5d>1 ,*aff1 leaves1 ?i/le-d[n1 or su* light ?+s :isk+ ab\t & turn+ r\nd =e%[s tempe/u\s w9ds2 ,& ,coles1 9 8 introduction to ! ,k ( ,plants1 in=ms u t1 ,if ! d[n flie? (f colt's-foot1 d&elion1 & ?i/les :5 !re is no w9d1 x is a sign ( ra94 ,"s plants1 aga91 h ga9$ a notoriety f op5+ or %utt+ _! fl[]s at ! sun's bidd+2 9 allusion to :i* ,p]dita rem>ks 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #c73-- ,! m>igold1 t goes to b$ ) ! sun1 & ) him rises weep+4 ,x 0 also errone\sly said1 l ! sun-fl[]1 to turn its blossoms to ! sun1 ! latt] be+ ?us describ$ by ,?omson3-- ,! l(ty foll[] ( ! sun1 ,sad :5 he sets1 %uts up h] yell[ leaves1 ,droop+ all night1 &1 :5 he w>m returns1 ,po9ts h] enam\r'd bosom to 8 ray4 ,ano!r plant ( ?is k9d is ! endive1 :i* is said to op5 its petals at eight o'clock 9 ! morn+1 & to close !m at f\r 9 ! aft]noon4 ,?us we are told h[3-- ,on upl& slopes ! %eph]ds m>k ,! h\r :51 to ! dial true1 ,ci*orium to ! t[]+ l>k1 ,lifts h] s(t eye1 s]5ely blue4 ,& z ano!r floral index ( ! "t ( day may be notic$ ! goat's-be>d1 op5+ at sunrise & clos+ at noon--h5ce "o ( its popul> names ( ,g to b$ at noon4 ,?is peculi>ity is describ$ by ,bi%op ,mant3-- ,& goodly n[ ! noon-tide h\r1 ,:5 f 8 high m]idian t[] ,! sun looks d[n 9 maje/y1 ,:at "t ab\t1 ! grassy lea4 ,! goat's-be>d1 prompt 8 rise to hail1 ,) broad exp&$ disk1 9 veil ,close mantl+ wraps its yell[ head1 ,& goes1 z peasants say1 to b$4 ,! d&elion has be5 nicknam$ ! peasant's clock1 its fl[]s op5+ v e>ly 9 ! morn+2 :ile its fea!ry se$-tufts h long be5 9 requisition z a b>omet] ) *ildr53-- ,d&elion1 ) globe ( d[n1 ,! s*oolboy's clock 9 e t[n1 ,:i* ! truant puffs ama9 ,to conjure lo/ h\rs back aga94 ,among o!r fl[]s possess+ a simil> feature may be notic$ ! wild succory1 creep+ mall[1 purple s&wort1 small b9dwe$1 common nipplewort1 & smoo? s[-?i/le4 ,!n ( c\rse !re is ! pimp]nel1 kn[n z ! %eph]d's clock & poor man's wea!r-glass2 :ile ! small purslane & ! common g>d5 lettuce are also includ$ 9 ! fl[]-clock4#f ,among fur!r items ( wea!r-lore associat$ ) ,may1 we are told h[ he t s[s oats 9 ,may gets little t way1 & ,he :o m[s 9 ,may w h nei!r fruit nor hay4 ,calm wea!r 9 ,june sets corn 9 tune2 & a ,suffolk adage says3-- ,cut y\r ?i/les be=e ,/4 ,john1 ,y w h two in/ead ( "o4 ,b ,midsumm] ra9 spoils hay & gra91 :]eas x is commonly said t1 ,a leafy ,may1 & a w>m ,june1 ,br+ on ! h>ve/ v soon4 ,aga91 boi/]\s wet wea!r dur+ ! mon? ( ,july is to be deprecat$1 =1 z ! old adage runs3-- ,no tempe/1 good ,july1 ,le/ ! corn look surly4 ,fl[]s ( ?is k9d are v num]\s1 & "u a v>iety ( =ms prevail l>gely 9 our own & o!r c\ntries1 an int]e/+ collection ( :i* h be5 collect$ by ,mr4 ,swa9son 9 8 int]e/+ little volume on ,wea!r ,folk-lore1 9 :i* he has giv5 ! p>allels 9 =eign c\ntries4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$1 h[ev]1 t a great numb] ( ^! plant-say+s orig9at$ v _m ye>s ago--long be=e ! alt]ation 9 ! /yle ( ! cal5d>--:i* 9 num]\s in/ances w acc\nt = _! app>5t contradictory "*4 ,9 notic+1 too1 ^! prov]bs1 acc\nt mu/ be tak5 ( ! v>iation ( climate 9 diff]5t c\ntries1 = :at applies to "o locality does n to ano!r4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 accord+ to a ,basque prov]b1 ,a wet ,may1 a fruitful ye>1 :]eas x is said 9 ,corsica1 ,a ra9y ,may br+s little b>ley & no :eat4 ,in/ances ( ?is k9d are ( frequ5t occurr5ce1 & ( c\rse are 9 _m cases expla9$ by ! diff]5ce ( climate4 ,b 9 comp>+ all bran*es ( folk-lore1 simil> v>iations1 z we h already obs]v$1 are noticeable1 to acc\nt = :i* is (t5 a task full ( difficulty4 ,( ! num]\s o!r in/ances ( wea!r-lore associat$ ) agricultural op]ations1 x is said 9 relation to ra93-- ,s[ beans 9 ! mud1 & !y'll gr[ l wood4 ,& a say+ 9 ,ea/ ,anglia is to ?is effect3-- ,s[ 9 ! slop 7or sop71 heavy at top4 ,a fur!r admonition advises ! f>m] to ,s[ :eat 9 dirt1 & rye 9 du/2 ,:ile1 accord+ to a piece ( folk-lore curr5t 9 ,ea/ ,anglia1 ,:eat well-s[n is half-gr[n4 ,! ,scot* h a prov]b w>n+ ! f>m] aga9/ premature s[+3-- ,nae hurry wi' y\r corns1 ,nae hurry wi' y\r h>r[s2 ,snaw lies ah9t ! dyke1 ,mair may come & fill ! furr[s4 ,& accord+ to ano!r old adage we are told h[3-- ,:5 ! asp5 leaves are no bigg] ?an y\r nail1 ,is ! "t to look out = truff & peel4#g ,9 %ort1 x w be f\nd t mo/ ( our c\nties h _! items ( wea!r-lore2 _m ( :i*1 :il/ v>y+ 9 "s respect1 are evid5tly modifications ( "o & ! same belief4 ,9 _m cases1 too1 x mu/ be admitt$ t ?is species ( wea!r-wisdom is n bas$ altoge!r on idle fancy1 b 9 accordance ) recognis$ habits ( plants "u c]ta9 conditions ( wea!r4 ,inde$1 x has be5 po9t$ out t s s5sitive are v>i\s fl[]s to any *ange 9 ! temp]ature or ! am\nt ( light1 t x has be5 notic$ t !re is z mu* z "o h\r's diff]5ce betwe5 ! "t :5 ! same fl[] op5s at ,p>is & ,upsala4 ,x is1 too1 a famili> fact to /ud5ts ( vegetable physiology t ! leaves ( ,porl]ia hygrometrica fold d[n or rise up 9 accordance ) ! /ate ( ! atmosph]e4 ,9 %ort1 x 0 po9t$ out 9 ! ,/&>d1 9 illu/ration ( ! extreme s5sitiv5ess ( c]ta9 plants to surr\nd+ influ5ces1 h[ ! ,ha$ys>ums h be5 well kn[n ev] s9ce ! days ( ,l9nseus to sudd5ly beg9 to quiv] )\t any app>5t cause1 & j z sudd5ly to /op4 ,=ce _c initiate ! movem5t1 ?\gh cold w /op x1 & heat w set 9 motion aga9 ! susp5d$ animation ( ! leaves4 ,if artificially kept f mov+ !y w1 :5 releas$1 in/antly beg9 _! task anew & ) r$\bl$ en]gy4 ,simil>ly ! leaves ( ! ,colocasia escul5ta--! t>a ( ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s--w (t5 %iv] at irregul> times ( ! day & night1 & ) su* en]gy t little bells hung on ! petals t9kle4 ,& yet1 curi\s to say1 we are told t ! ke5e/ eye has n yet be5 able to detect any peculi>ity 9 ^! plants to acc\nt = ^! /range motions4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t !y are due to *anges 9 ! wea!r ( su* a slight "* t1 our n]ves are incapable ( appreciat+ !m1 or ! m]cury ( record+ _! accompany+ oscillations4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 #ahgc1 i4 #acj4 #b4 ,see ,engli% ,folk-lore1 pp4 #db1 #dc4 #c4 ,primitive ,mann]s & ,cu/oms1 p4 #gd4 #d4 ,dubl9 ,univ]sity ,magaz9e1 ,decemb] #ahgc1 p4 #fgg4 #e4 ,see ,swa9son's ,wea!r-lore1 p4 #beg4 #f4 ,see ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #bbf4 #g4 ,see ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #a/ ,s]4 ,,ii4 #eaa4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,plant ,,prov]bs4 ,a ho/ ( curi\s prov]bs h1 f ! e>lie/ p]iod1 clu/]$ r\nd ! vegetable _w1 mo/ ( :i*--ga!r$ f exp]i5ce & obs]vation--embody an imm5se am\nt ( tru?1 besides 9 num]\s in/ances convey+ an application ( a moral nature4 ,^! prov]bs1 too1 h a v wide range1 & on ?is acc\nt are all ! m int]e/+ f ! v fact ( _! ref]r+ to s _m conditions ( life4 ,?us1 ! famili> adage :i* tells u t nobody is fond ( fad+ fl[]s1 has a f> deep] signification1 rem9d+ u t ev]y?+ associat$ ) *ange & decay mu/ always be a matt] ( regret4 ,to take ano!r trite prov]b ( ! same k9d1 we are told h[ tru?s & roses h ?orns ab\t !m1 :i* is absolutely true2 & !re is ! well-kn[n expression to pipe 9 an ivy leaf1 :i* signifies to g & engage 9 "s futile or idle pursuit :i* _c be productive ( any good4 ,! common prov]b1 ,he ha? s[n 8 wild oats1 ne$s no comm5t2 & ! incl9ation ( evil to ov]ride good is embodi$ 9 v>i\s adages1 su*1 z1 ,! we$s o'ergr[ ! corn1 :ile ! t5acity ) :i* evil holds its gr\nd is fur!r express$ 9 su* say+s z ?is--,! fro/ hurts n we$s4 ,! poison\s effects1 aga91 ( evil is exemplifi$ ?us--,"o ill-br$ m>s a :ole pot ( pottage1 & ! rapidity ) :i* x spreads has1 among/ o!r prov]bs1 be5 ?us describ$1 ,evil we$s gr[ apace4 ,speak+ ( we$s 9 _! metaphorical s5se1 we may quote "o fur!r adage respect+ !m3-- ,a we$ t runs to se$ ,is a sev5 ye>s' we$4 ,& ! (t-quot$ phrase1 ,x w be a nosegay to him z long z he lives1 implies t disagreeable actions1 in/ead ( be+ lo/ sight (1 only too frequ5tly cl+ to a man 9 aft] ye>s1 or1 z ,ray says1 /9k 9 8 no/rils4 ,! man :o ab&ons "s good ent]prise = a wor?less1 or insignificant1 und]tak+ is said to cut d[n an oak & plant a ?i/le1 ( :i* !re is a fur!r v]sion1 to cut d[n an oak & set up a /rawb]ry4 ,! tru? ( ! next adage ne$s no comm5t--,usur]s live by ! fall ( heirs1 z sw9e by ! dropp+s ( acorns4 ,?+s t are sl[ b sure 9 _! progress are ! subject ( a well-kn[n ,gl\ce/]%ire say+3-- ,x is z long 9 com+ z ,cotswold b>ley4 ,! corn 9 ?is cold c\ntry1 writes ,ray1 expos$ to ! w9ds1 bleak & %elt]less1 is v backw>d at ! fir/1 b aft]w>ds ov]takes ! =w>de/ 9 ! c\ntry1 if n 9 ! b>n1 9 ! bu%el1 bo? = ! quantity & goodness !re(4 ,accord+ to ! ,italians1 ,e gra9 ha? its bran1 :i* corresponds ) our say+1 ,e bean ha? its black1 ,! mean+ be+ t no?+ is )\t c]ta9 imp]fections4 ,a p]son 9 extreme pov]ty is (t5 describ$ z be+ z b>e z ! bir* at ,yule ,ev51 & an ill-natur$ or evil-dispos$ p]son :o tries to d h>m1 b _c1 is commonly said to3-- ,jump at x l a cock at a gooseb]ry4 ,!n ! idea ( durabl5ess is ?us express$ 9 a ,wilt%ire prov]b3-- ,an eld]n /ake & a black?orn e!r h$ge1 ,w make a h$ge to la/ = ev]-- an eld] /ake be+ commonly said to la/ 9 ! gr\nd long] ?an an iron b> ( ! same size4#a ,a p]son :o is always on ! al]t to make use ( opportunities1 & nev] all[s a good ?+ to escape 8 grasp1 is said to h a ready m\? = a ripe *]ry4 ,! ri* beauty1 too1 ( ! *]ry1 :i* causes x to be ga!r$1 has _h ?is moral application atta*$ to x3-- ,a woman & a *]ry are pa9t$ = _! own h>m4 ,speak+ ( *]ries1 x may be m5tion$ t ! awkw>dness ( eat+ !m on acc\nt ( _! /ones1 has giv5 rise to sundry prov]bs1 z ! foll[+3-- ,eat peas ) ! k+1 & *]ries ) ! begg>1 &3-- ,^? t eat *]ries ) great p]sons %all h _! eyes squirt$ out ) ! /ones4 ,a man :o makes a great %[ )\t a correspond+ practice is said to be l fig-tree fuel1 mu* smoke & little fire1 & ano!r adage says3-- ,peel a fig = y\r fri5d1 & a pea* = y\r enemy4 ,?is prov]b1 h[ev]1 is n q cle> :5 appli$ to ?is c\ntry4 ,to peel a fig1 s f> z we are conc]n$1 writes ,mr4 ,hazlitt#b1 c h no significance1 except t we %\ld n reg>d x z a fri5dly s]vice2 b1 9 fact1 ! prov]b is m]ely a translation f ! ,spani%1 & 9 t language & c\ntry ! phrase c>ries a v full mean+1 z no "o w\ld probably l to eat a fig )\t be+ sure t ! fruit _h n be5 tamp]$ )4 ,! :ole say+ is1 h[ev]1 r un9telligible4 ',peel+ a pea*' w\ld be treat$ any:]e z a dubi\s att5tion4 ,( ! _m prov]bs connect$ ) ?orns1 !re is ! true "o :i* tells u h[1 ,he t goes b>efoot mu/ n plant ?orns1 ,! mean+ ( :i* is self-evid5t1 & ! p]son :o lives 9 a *ronic /ate ( uneas9ess is said to1 sit on ?orns4 ,!n !re is ! (t-quot$ adage3-- ,:ile ?y %oe is on ?y foot1 tread ^u ! ?orns4 ,on ! o!r h&1 t no position 9 life is exempt f tr\ble ( "s k9d is embodi$ 9 ?is prov]b3-- ,:]ev] a man dwells he %all be sure to h a ?orn bu% ne> 8 door1 :i* ,ray also expla9s 9 its lit]al s5se1 rem>k+ t !re are few places 9 ,engl& :]e a man c dwell1 b he %all h "o ne> him4 ,!n1 aga91 ?orns are commonly said to make ! greate/ crackl+1 & ! ?orn comes =? ) its po9t =w>d4 ,_m a great man has wi%$ himself poor & obscure 9 8 h\rs ( adv]sity1 a s5tim5t conta9$ 9 ! foll[+ prov]b3-- ,! p9e wi%es h]self a %rub :5 ! axe is at h] root4 ,a qua9t phrase appli$ to ^? :o expect ev5ts to take an unnatural turn is3-- ,w\ld y h potatoes gr[ by ! pot-side8 ,among/ "s ( ! o!r num]\s prov]bs may be m5tion$ a few relat+ to ! apple2 "o ( ^! rem9d+ u t1 ,an apple1 an egg1 & a nut1 ,y may eat aft] a slut4 ,selfi%ness 9 giv+ is ?us express$3-- ,to give an apple :]e !re is an or*>d4 ,& ! idea ( wor?lessness is (t5 ref]r$ to z :5 x is said t ,!re is small *oice 9 rott5 apples1 ) :i* may be comp>$ ano!r :i* w>ns u ( ! contagi\s effects ( bad influ5ce3-- ,! rott5 apple injures its neighb\r4 ,! utt] dissimil>ity :i* (t5 exi/s betwe5 two p]sons1 or ?+s1 is jocul>ly enjo9$ 9 ! famili> adage3-- ,z l z an apple is to a lob/]1 ,& ! folly ( tak+ :at "o kn[s is paltry or bad has giv5 rise to an in/ructive prov]b3-- ,bett] give an apple ?an eat x4 ,! folly ( expect+ good results f ! mo/ unreasonable causes is ! subject ( ! foll[+ old adage3-- ,plant ! crab :]e y w1 x w nev] be> pipp9s4 ,! crab tree has also be5 made ! subject ( sev]al amus+ rhymes1 "o ( :i* is z foll[s3-- ,! crab ( ! wood is sauce v good = ! crab ( ! sea1 ,b ! wood ( ! crab is sauce = a drab t w n h] husb& obey4 ,! coolness ( ! cucumb] has long ago become prov]bial = a p]son ( a cold collect$ nature1 ,z cool z a cucumb]1 & ! man :o n only makes unreasonable reque/s1 b equally expects !m to be gratifi$1 is said to ask an elm-tree = pe>s4 ,!n1 aga91 fooli% p]sons :o h no p[] ( obs]vation1 are lik5$ to a bl9d goose t kn[s n a fox f a f]n bu%4 ,! will[ has long be5 a prov]bial symbol ( sadness1 & on ?is acc\nt x 0 cu/om>y = ^? :o 7 =sak5 9 love to we> a g>l& made ( will[4 ,?us 9 ,o!llo1 ,desdemona 7,act iv4 sc4 #c7 anticipat+ h] dea?1 says3-- ,my "m _h a maid call$ ,b>b>a3 ,%e 0 9 love2 & he %e lov$ prov$ mad1 ,& did =sake h]3 %e _h a song ( will[2 ,an old ?+ 'twas1 b x express$ h] =tune1 ,& %e di$ s++ x3 t song to-night ,w n g f my m9d4 ,accord+ to ano!r adage3-- ,will[s are weak1 yet !y b9d o!r wood1 ,! significance ( :i* is cle>4 ,!n1 aga91 !re is ! n v complim5t>y prov]bial say+1 ( :i* !re are sev]al v]sions3-- ,a spaniel1 a woman1 & a walnut-tree1 ,! m !y're beat51 ! bett] !y be4 ,ano!r v>iation1 giv5 by ,moor 9 8 ,suffolk ,words 7p4 #dfe71 is ?is3-- ,?ree ?+s by beat+ bett] prove3 ,a nut1 an ass1 a woman2 ,! cudgel f _! back remove1 ,& !y'll be good = no man4 ,a curi\s phrase curr5t 9 ,devon%ire = a "y lady :o jilts a man is1 ,%e has giv5 him turnips2 & an expressive "o = ^? p]sons :o 9 spite ( e k9dness are ! v rev]se !mselves is ?is3-- ,?\gh y /roke ! nettle ev] s k9dly1 yet x w /+ y2 ,) :i* may be comp>$ a simil> prov]b equally sugge/ive3-- ,he t h&les a nettle t5d]ly is soone/ /ung4 ,! ultimate effects ( p]sev]ance1 c\pl$ ) "t1 is ?us %[n3-- ,) "t & pati5ce ! leaf ( ! mulb]ry tree becomes sat94 ,a phrase curr5t1 accord+ to ,ray1 9 ,gl\ce/]%ire = ^? :o always h a sad1 sev]e1 & t]rific c\nt5ance1 is1 ,he looks z if he liv$ on ,tewkesbury mu/>d--?is t[n hav+ be5 long not$ = its mu/>d-balls made !re1 & s5t to o!r p>ts4 ,x may be rememb]$ t 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7,act ii4 sc4 #d7 ,fal/aff speaks ( wit z ?ick z ,tewkesbury mu/>d4 ,!n !re is ! famili> adage appli$ to ! man :o lacks /eady application1 ,a roll+ /one ga!rs no moss1 ) :i* may be comp>$ ano!r1 ,seldom mosse? ! m>ble-/one t m5 tread (t ^u4 ,among ! good old prov]bs associat$ ) flax may be m5tion$ ! foll[+1 :i* enjo9s ! necessity ( fai? 9 our actions3-- ,get ?y sp9dle & ?y di/aff ready1 & ,god w s5d ! flax4 ,a popul> phrase speaks ( ,an owl 9 an ivy-bu%1 :i* p]haps 0 orig9ally meant to d5ote ! union ( wisdom ) conviviality1 equival5t to ,be m]ry & wise4 ,=m]ly an ivy-bu% 0 a common tav]n sign1 & gave rise to ! famili> prov]b1 ,good w9e ne$s no bu%1 ?is plant hav+ be5 select$ probably f hav+ be5 sacr$ to ,bac*us4 ,accord+ to an old prov]b respect+ ! camomile1 we are told t ! m x is trodd5 ! m x w spread1 an allusion to :i* is made by ,fal/aff 9 ,i ,h5ry ,,iv4 7,act ii4 sc4 #d73-- ,= ?\gh ! camomile1 ! m x is trodd5 on1 ! fa/] x gr[s2 yet y\?1 ! m x is wa/$1 ! soon] x we>s4 ,!re are _m prov]bs associat$ ) ! oak4 ,ref]r+ to its gr[?1 we are told t ,! will[ w buy a horse be=e ! oak w pay = a saddle1 ! allusion be+1 ( c\rse1 to ! diff]5t rates at :i* trees gr[4 ,t occasionally "s trifl+ ev5t may h ! mo/ mom5t\s issues is ?us exemplifi$3-- ,! smalle/ axe may fell ! l>ge/ oak2 ,al?\gh1 on ! o!r h&1 x is said t3-- ,an oak is n fell$ at "o *op4 ,a fur!r v>iation ( ! same idea tells u h[3-- ,little /rokes fell great oaks1 ,9 connection ) :i* may be quot$ ! words ( ,ovid to ! same effect3-- ,quid magis e/ durum saxo8 ,quid mollius unda8 ,dura taneu molli saxa cavantur aqua8 ,!n1 aga91 x is commonly said t3-- ,oaks may fall :5 se$s brave ! /orm4 ,& to give "o m illu/ration3-- ,! greate/ oaks h be5 little acorns4 ,simil>ly1 ) trees 9 g5]al1 we f9d a good numb] ( prov]bs4 ,?us "o in=ms u t ,wise m5 9 ! _w are l timb] trees 9 a h$ge1 "h & !re "o4 ,t !re is "s good 9 e "o is illu/rat$ by ?is say+--,!re's no tree b be>s "s fruit4 ,! famili> prov]b1 t ,! tree is no soon] d[n b e "o runs = 8 hat*et1 expla9s itself1 :]eas ,! highe/ tree ha? ! great] fall1 :i*1 9 its moral application1 is equally true4 ,aga91 an agricultural precept enjo9s ! f>m] to ,set trees poor & !y w gr[ ri*2 set !m ri* & !y w gr[ poor1 t is1 remove !m out ( a m b>r5 into a fatt] soil4 ,t success c only be ga9$ by toil is illu/rat$ 9 ?is prov]b--,he t w\ld h ! fruit mu/ climb ! tree1 & once m x is said t ,he :o plants trees loves o!rs beside himself4 ,9 ! ,midl& c\nties !re is a prov]bial say+ t if !re are no kegs or se$s 9 ! a% trees1 !re w be no k+ )9 ! twelvemon?1 ! a% nev] be+ :olly de/itute ( kegs4 ,ano!r prov]b ref]s to ! use ( a%-wood = burn+3-- ,burn a%-wood gre51 ',tis a fire = a que51 ,burn a%-wood de>1 ',twill make a man swe>2 ,! mean+ be+ t ! a% :5 gre5 burns well1 b :5 dry or )]$ j ! rev]se4 ,a =m ( well-wi%+ =m]ly curr5t 9 ,york%ire 0 ?us3-- ,may y\r footfall be by ! root ( an a%1 ,9 allusion1 x has be5 sugge/$1 to ! fact t ! a% is a capital tree = dra9+ ! soil 9 its vic9ity4 ,b leav+ trees1 an imm5se numb] ( prov]bs are associat$ ) corn1 _m ( :i* are v v>i$4 ,?us1 ( ^? :o contrive to get a good return = _! meagre "w or money1 x is said3-- ,y h made a long h>ve/ = a little corn1 ,) :i* may be comp>$ ! phrase3-- ,y give me coloqu9tida 7colocyn?7 = ,h]b-,john4 ,^? :o reap advantage f ano!r man's lab\r are said to put _! sickle into ano!r man's corn1 & ! v>i\s surr\nd+s ( royalty1 h[ev] insignificant !y may be1 are g5]ally bett]1 says ! prov]b1 ?an ! be/ ?+ ( ! subjects3-- ,! k+'s *aff is bett] ?an o!r p's corn4 ,among ! prov]bs relat+ to grass may be m5tion$ ! popul> "o1 ,he does n let ! grass gr[ "u 8 feet2 ano!r old v]sion ( :i* is1 ,no grass gr[s on 8 heel4 ,ano!r well-kn[n adage rem9ds u t3-- ,! high] ! hill ! l[] ! grass4 ,& equally famili> is ! foll[+3-- ,:ile ! grass gr[e? ! seely horse />ve?4 ,9 connection ) hops1 ! prov]b runs t hops make or break2 & no hop-gr[]1 writes1 ,mr4 ,hazlitt1#c w h mu* difficulty 9 appreciat+ ?is prov]bial dictum4 ,an e/ate has be5 lo/ or won 9 ! c\rse ( a s+le season2 b ! hop is an exp5sive plant to re>1 & a bad ye> may spoil ! entire crop4 ,actions :i* produce diff]5t results to :at are expect$ are ?us spok5 (3-- ,y set saffron & !re came up wolfsbane4 ,9 ,devon%ire x may be not$ t ?is plant is us$ to d5ote any?+ ( value2 & x is relat$ ( a f>m] ne> ,exet] :o1 :5 prais+ a c]ta9 f>m1 rem>k$1 ',tis a v pretty little place2 he'd let s de> z saffron4 ,_m1 aga91 are ! prov]bial say+s associat$ ) roses--mo/ ( ^! be+ employ$ to indicate :at is n only sweet & lovely1 b bright & joy\s4 ,?us1 !re are ! well-kn[n phrases1 ,a b$ ( roses1 & ,z sweet z a rose1 & ! (t-quot$ popul> adage3-- ,! rose1 call$ by any o!r "n1 w\ld smell z sweet1 ,:i*1 z ,mr4 ,hazlitt rem>ks1 al?\gh n orig9ally prov]bial1 or 9 its nature1 or ev5 9 ! poet's int5tion s1 has acquir$ t "* by long cu/om4 ,an old adage1 :i* is /ill cr$it$ by c]ta9 ( our c\ntry folk1 rem9ds u t3-- ,a p>sley field w br+ a man to 8 saddle & a woman to h] grave1 ,a w>n+ :i* is n unlike "o curr5t 9 ,surrey & o!r s\!rn c\nties3-- ,:]e p>sley's gr[n 9 ! g>d51 !re'll be a dea? be=e ! ye>'s out4 ,9 ,devon%ire x has long be5 held unlucky to transplant p>sley1 & a poor woman 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,morw5/[ attribut$ a c]ta9 /roke ) :i* "o ( h] *ildr5 _h be5 afflict$ aft] :oop+-c\gh to ! un=tunate undo+ ( ! p>sley b$4 ,9 ! ,folk-lore ,record1 too1 an amus+ in/ance is relat$ ( a g>d5] at ,s\?ampton1 :o1 = ! same reason1 refus$ to s[ "s p>sley se$4 ,x may be not$ t f a v e>ly p]iod ! same antipa?y has exi/$ 9 reg>d to ?is plant1 & x is record$ h[ a few mules lad5 ) p>sley ?rew into a complete panic a ,greek =ce on its m>* aga9/ ! enemy4 ,b ! plant no d\bt acquir$ its om9\s significance f its hav+ be5 l>gely us$ to be/rew ! tombs ( ! dead2 ! ,greek t]m dehi/hai sel9\--to be 9 ne$ ( p>sley--0 a common phrase employ$ to d5ote ^? on ! po9t ( dea?4 ,!re are v>i\s o!r sup]/itions atta*$ to ?is plant1 z 9 ,hamp%ire1 :]e ! peasants dislike giv+ any away = fe> ( "s ill-luck befall+ !m4 ,simil>ly1 accord+ to ano!r prov]b3-- ,s[+ f5nel is s[+ sorr[4 ,b :y ?is %\ld be s x is difficult to expla91 consid]+ t by ! anci5ts f5nel 0 us$ = ! victor's wrea?1 &1 z "o ( ! plants d$icat$ to ,/4 ,john1 x has long be5 plac$ ov] doors on 8 vigil4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re is a common say+ ) respect to rosem>y1 :i* 0 once mu* cultivat$ 9 kit*5 g>d5s3-- ,:]e rosem>y fl\ri%es ! lady rules4 ,vet*es1 f be+ reput$ a mo/ h>dy gra91 h be5 embodi$ 9 ! foll[+ adage3-- ,a !t* w g ?r\gh ,! bottom ( an old %oe1 ,:i* rem9ds u ( ! prov]bial say+3-- ,l a camomile b$1 ,! m x is trodd5 ,! m x w spread4 ,! common expression3-- ,wor? a plum1 ,is g5]ally said ( a man :o is accr$it$ ) l>ge means1 & ano!r adage tells u t1 ,! high] ! plum-tree1 ! rip] ! plum4 ,to live 9 luxury & afflu5ce is express$ by ! prov]bial phrase ,to live 9 clov]1 ) :i* may be comp>$ ! say+ ,d x up 9 lav5d]1 appli$ to any?+ :i* is valuable & preci\s4 ,a fur!r simil> phrase is ,laid up 9 lav5d]1 9 allusion to ! old-fa%ion$ cu/om ( sc5t+ newly-wa%$ l95 ) ?is fragrant plant4 ,?us ,%5/one says3-- ,lav5d]1 ^: spikes ( azure bloom ,%all be1 ere:ile1 9 arid bundles b\nd1 ,to lurk amid/ ! lab\rs ( h] loom1 ,& cr[n h] k]*iefs clean ) micklc r>e p]fume4 ,accord+ to ,g]>de1 ! ,sp>tans 7 9 ! habit ( eat+ cress ) _! bread1 f a popul> notion v g5]ally held among ! anci5ts1 t ^? :o ate x became not$ = _! wit & decision ( "*4 ,h5ce ! old prov]b3-- ,eat cress to le>n m wit4 ,( fruit prov]bs we are told t1 ,if y w\ld enjoy ! fruit1 pluck n ! fl[]4 ,& aga93-- ,:5 all fruit fails1 welcome haws4 ,& ,if y w\ld h fruit1 y mu/ c>ry ! leaf to ! grave2 :i* ,ray expla9s1 ,y mu/ transplant y\r trees j ab\t ! fall ( ! leaf1 & !n !re is ! mu*-quot$ rhyme3-- ,fruit out ( season1 ,sorr[ out ( reason4 ,respect+ ! v9e1 x is said3-- ,make ! v9e poor1 & x w make y ri*1 ,t is1 prune (f its bran*es2 & ano!r adage is to ?is effect3 ,%ort b\ghs1 long v9tage4 ,! con/ant bloom+ ( ! gorse has giv5 rise to a popul> ,nor?ampton%ire prov]b3-- ,:5 gorse is out ( bloom1 kiss+ is out ( season4 ,! heal?-giv+ prop]ties ( v>i\s plants h long be5 9 ! highe/ repute1 & h giv5 rise to num]\s well-kn[n prov]bs1 :i* are /ill he>d 9 _m a home4 ,?us old ,g]>de1 describ+ ! virtues ( ! mall[1 tells u3-- ,if t ( heal? y h any special c>e1 ,use ,fr5* mall[s1 t to ! body :olesome are4 ,!n !re is ! "t-hon\r$ adage :i* says t3-- ,he t w\ld live = aye ,mu/ eat sage 9 ,may4 ,& ,aubrey has bequea!d u ! foll[+ piece ( advice3-- ,eat leeks 9 ,lide1 & rams9es 9 ,may1 ,& all ! ye> aft] physicians may play4 ,!re are _m say+s ( ?is k9d /ill curr5t among our c\ntry-folk1 "s ( :i* no d\bt conta9 good advice2 & ( ! pla9ta91 :i* f "t immemorial has be5 us$ z a vuln]>y1 x is said3-- ,planta9 ribb$1 t heals ! reap]'s w\nds4 ,9 ,h]e=d%ire !re is a popul> rhyme associat$ ) ! aul 7,alnus glut9osus73-- ,:5 ! bud ( ! aul is z big z ! tr\t's eye1 ,!n t fi% is 9 season 9 ! riv] ,wye4 ,a ,york%ire "n = ! quak+ grass 7,briza m$ia7 is trembl+ jockies1 & accord+ to a local prov]b3-- ,a trimml+ jock i' t' h\se1 ,an' y weeant hev a m\se1 ,?is plant be+1 x is said1 obnoxi\s to mice4 ,accord+ to a ,w>wick%ire prov]b3-- ,plant y\r sage & rue toge!r1 ,! sage w gr[ 9 any wea!r4 ,?is li/ ( plant prov]bs might easily be ext5d$1 b ! illu/rations quot$ 9 ! prec$+ pages are a fair sample ( ?is portion ( our subject4 ,:]eas _m are bas$ on tru?1 o!rs are m or less mean+less4 ,at any rate1 !y /ill ?rive to a l>ge ext5t among our rural community1 by :om !y are reg>d$ z s _m h\sehold say+s4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see ,ak]man's ,wilt%ire ,gloss>y1 p4 #ah4 #b4 ,engli% ,prov]bs & ,prov]bial ,phrases1 pp4 #cbg-h4 #c4 ,prov]bs & ,prov]bial ,phrases1 p4 #bjg4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,plants ,,& ,,_! ,,c]emonial ,,use4 ,9 ! e>lie/ p]iod ( primitive society fl[]s seem to h be5 l>gely us$ = c]emonial purposes4 ,trac+ _! hi/ory d[nw>ds up to ! pres5t day1 we f9d h[ ext5sively1 ?r\gh\t ! _w1 !y h ent]$ into sacr$ & o!r rites4 ,?is is n surpris+ :5 we rememb] h[ univ]sal h be5 ! love & admiration = ^! *oice & lovely productions ( nature's h&iwork4 ,f be+ us$ z (f]+s 9 ! old hea!n wor%ip !y acquir$ an additional v5]ation1 & became associat$ ) cu/oms :i* _h important significance4 ,h5ce ! great quantity ( fl[]s requir$1 = c]emonial purposes ( v>i\s k9ds1 no d\bt promot$ & enc\rag$ a ta/e = horticulture ev5 among uncultur$ tribes4 ,?us ! ,mexicans _h _! fam\s float+ g>d5s1 & 9 ! num]\s records h&$ d[n ( social life1 z x exi/$ 9 diff]5t c\ntries1 !re is no lack ( ref]5ces to ! habits & peculi>ities ( ! vegetable _w4 ,aga91 f all p>ts ( ! _w1 ! hi/ories ( bygone c5turies h contribut$ _! acc\nts ( ! ri* assortm5t ( fl[]s 9 dem& = ! wor%ip ( ! gods1 :i* are valuable z indicat+ h[ elaborate & ext5sive 0 ! k ( plants 9 primitive p]iods1 & h[ magnific5t mu/ h be5 ! display ( ^! beautiful & brilliant (f]+s4 ,among/ "s tribes1 too1 s sacr$ 7 ! fl[]s us$ 9 religi\s rites held1 t x 0 =bidd5 s mu* z to smell !m1 mu* less to h&le !m1 except by ^? ^: privileg$ duty x 0 to arrange !m = ! alt>4 ,com+ d[n to ! hi/oric days ( ,greece & ,rome1 we h abundant details ( ! skill & c>e t 7 display$ 9 procur+ = religi\s purposes ! f9e/ & *oice/ v>ieties ( fl[]s2 abundant allusions to :i* are f\nd 9 ! old classic writ+s4 ,! pr(us5ess ) :i* fl[]s 7 us$ 9 ,rome dur+ triumphal processions has long ago become prov]bial1 9 allusion to :i* ,macaulay says3-- ,on !y ride to ! ,=um1 ,:ile laurel b\ghs1 & fl[]s1 ,f h\se-tops & f w9d[s1 ,fell on _! cre/s 9 %[]s4 ,fl[]s1 9 fact1 7 9 dem& on e conceivable occasion1 a cu/om :i* 0 frequ5tly productive ( co/ly extravagance4 ,!n !re 0 _! fe/ival ( ! ,floralia1 9 hon\r ( ! reappe>ance ( spr+-"t1 ) its ho/s ( bright blossoms1 a survival ( :i* has long be5 kept up 9 ?is c\ntry on ,may ,day1 :5 g>l&s & c>ols =m ! *ief feature ( ! ru/ic m]ry-mak+4 ,ano!r gr& c]emonial occasion1 :5 fl[]s 7 specially 9 reque/1 0 ! ,font9alia1 an important day 9 ,rome1 = ! wells & f\nta9s 7 cr[n$ ) fl[]s3-- ,font9alia fe/us erat dies ,romae1 quo 9 fontes coronas projiciebant1 puteosque coronabant1 ut a quibus pellucidos liquores at re/+u5dam sitim accip]5t1 iisdem gratiam ref]re hoc situ vid]5tur4 ,a pretty survival ( ?is fe/ival has long be5 obs]v$ 9 ! well-dress+ ( ,tiss+ton on ,asc5sion ,day1 :5 ! wells are mo/ beautifully decorat$ ) leaves & fl[]s1 arrang$ 9 fanciful devices1 int]wov5 into c]ta9 symbols & texts4 ,?is floral rite is ?us describ$ 9 ,! ,fleece3-- ,) light fanta/ic toe1 ! nymphs ,?i!r assembl$1 ?i!r e swa92 ,& o'er ! dimpl$ /ream a ?\s& fl[]s1 ,pale lilies1 roses1 violets & p9ks1 ,mix'd ) ! gre5s ( b\ret1 m9t1 & ?yme1 ,& trefoil1 spr9kl$ ) _! sportive arms1 ,su* cu/om holds along ?' irrigu\s vales1 ,f ,wrek5's br[ to rocky ,dolvoryn1 ,sabr9a's e>ly haunt4 ,) ?is usage may be comp>$ "o p]=m$ by ! fi%]m5 ( ,weym\?1 :o on ! fir/ ( ,may put out to sea = ! purpose ( scatt]+ g>l&s ( fl[]s on ! waves1 z a propitiatory (f]+ to obta9 food = ! hungry4 ,?is l9k1 accord+ to ,miss ,lamb]t1 is b ano!r l9k 9 ! *a9 t connects u ) ! yet m primitive practice ( ! ,r$ ,indian1 :o secures passage across ! ,lake ,sup]ior1 or d[n ! ,mississippi1 by gifts ( preci\s tobacco1 :i* he wafts to ! great _s ( ! ,flood on ! bosom ( its wat]s4 ,by ! ,romans a peculi> rev]5ce seems to h atta*$ to _! fe/ive g>l&s1 :i* 7 consid]$ unsuitable = we>+ 9 public4 ,h5ce1 any p]son appe>+ 9 "o 0 liable to puni%m5t1 a law :i* 0 c>ri$ out ) mu* rig\r4 ,on "o occasion1 ,lucius ,fulvius1 a bank]1 hav+ be5 convict$ at ! "t ( ! second ,punic w>1 ( look+ d[n f ! balcony ( a h\se ) a *aplet ( roses on 8 head1 0 ?r[n into prison by ord] ( ! ,s5ate1 & "h kept = sixte5 ye>s1 until ! close ( ! w>4 ,a fur!r case ( extreme sev]ity 0 t ( ,p4 ,munatius1 :o 0 condemn$ by ! ,triumviri to be put 9 *a9s = hav+ cr[n$ himself ) fl[]s f ! /atue ( ,m>syas4 ,allusions to su* e/imation ( g>l&s 9 old5 times are num]\s 9 ! lit]ature ( ! pa/1 & x may be rememb]$ h[ ,montesquieu rem>k$ t x 0 ) two or ?ree hundr$ cr[ns ( oak t ,rome conqu]$ ! _w4 ,gue/s at fea/s wore g>l&s ( fl[]s ti$ ) ! b>k ( ! l9d5 tree1 to prev5t intoxication2 ! wrea? hav+ be5 fram$ 9 accordance ) ! position ( ! we>]4 ,a poet1 9 8 p>aphrase on ,horace1 ?us illu/rates ?is cu/om3-- ,nay1 nay1 my boy1 'tis n = me ,?is /udi\s pomp ( ,ea/]n luxury2 ,give me no v>i\s g>l&s f9e ,) l9d5 tw9e2 ,nor seek :]e late/ l+]+ bl[s ,! solit>y rose4 ,n only 7 ! gue/s adorn$ ) fl[]s1 b ! wait]s1 dr9k+-cups1 & room1 7 all pr(usely decorat$4#a ,9 %ort1 z ! au?or ( ,fl[]-lore rem>ks1 x w\ld be difficult to "n ! occasions on :i* fl[]s 7 n employ$2 &1 z almo/ all plants employ$ 9 mak+ g>l&s _h a symbolical mean+1 ! g>l& 0 compos$ 9 accordance ) t mean+4 ,g>l&s1 too1 7 ?r[n to actors on ! /age1 a cu/om :i* has come d[n to ! pres5t day 9 an exagg]at$ =m4 ,inde$1 _m ( ! fl[]s 9 reque/ n[adays = c]emonial uses 9 our own & o!r c\ntries may be trac$ back to ?is p]iod2 ! symbolical mean+ atta*$ to c]ta9 plants hav+ surviv$ aft] ! lapse ( _m c5turies4 ,= a c>eful description ( ! fl[]s ?us employ$1 we w\ld ref] ! read] to two int]e/+ pap]s contribut$ by ,miss ,lamb]t to ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1#b 9 :i* %e has collect$ toge!r 9 a concise =m all ! pr9cipal items ( in=mation on ! subject 9 pa/ ye>s4 ,a casual p]usal ( ^! pap]s w suffice to %[ :at a wond]ful k ( botany ! anci5ts mu/ h possess$2 & x may be d\bt$ :e!r ! mo/ co/ly array ( plants witness$ at any *ur* fe/ival sup]s$es a simil> display witness$ by wor%ipp]s 9 ! e>ly hea!n temples4 ,9 ! same way1 we ga9 an insight into ! pr(usion ( fl[]s employ$ by hea!n communities 9 lat] c5turies1 %[+ h[ intimately associat$ ^! h be5 ) _! v>i\s =ms ( wor%ip4 ,?us1 ! ,s+halese seem to h us$ fl[]s to an almo/ incr$ible ext5t1 & "o ( _! old *ronicles tells u h[ ! ,ruanwell dagoba--#bgj feet high--0 fe/oon$ ) g>l&s f p$e/al to p9nacle1 till x _h ! appe>ance ( "o uni=m b\quet4 ,we are fur!r told t 9 ! fifte5? c5tury a c]ta9 k+ (f]$ no less ?an #f1dhj1cbj sweet-smell+ fl[]s at ! %r9e ( ! too?2 &1 among ! regulations ( ! temple at ,damb$5ia 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 "o prescribes t e day an (f]+ ( #ajj1jjj blossoms1 & ea* day a diff]5t k9d ( fl[]1 %\ld be pres5t$4 ,?is is a /rik+ in/ance1 b only "o ( _m4 ,) reg>d to ,greece1 !re are few ( our trees & fl[]s1 writes ,mr4 ,moncure ,conway1#c :i* 7 n cultivat$ 9 ! gorge\s g>d5s ( ,epicurus1 ,p]icles1 & ,pisi/ratus4 ,among ! fl[]s *iefly us$ = g>l&s & *aplets 9 c]emonial rites we f9d ! rose1 violet1 anemone1 ?yme1 melilot1 hyac9?1 crocus1 yell[ lily1 & yell[ fl[]s g5]ally4 ,?ucydides relates h[1 9 ! n9? ye> ( ! ,peloponnesian ,w>1 ! temple ( ,juno at ,argos 0 burnt d[n ow+ to ! prie/ess ,*rysis hav+ set a light$ tor* too ne> ! g>l&s & !n fall5 asleep4 ,! g>l&s caught fire1 & ! damage 0 irrem$iable be=e %e 0 consci\s ( ! mis*ief4 ,! gigantic scale on :i* ^! floral c]emonies 7 conduct$ may be ga!r$ f ! fact t 9 ! procession ( ,europa at ,cor9? a huge cr[n ( myrtle1 ?irty feet 9 circumf]5ce1 0 borne4 ,at ,a!ns ! myrtle 0 reg>d$ z ! symbol ( au?ority1 a wrea? ( its leaves hav+ be5 worn by magi/rates4 ,on c]ta9 occasions ! mitre ( ! ,jewi% high prie/ 0 adorn$ ) a *aplet ( ! blossoms ( ! h5bane4 ,( ! fur!r use ( g>l&s1 we are told t ! ,japanese employ !m v freely2#d bo? m5 & wom5 we>+ *aplets ( fragrant blossoms4 ,a wrea? ( a fragrant k9d ( olive is ! rew>d ( lit]>y m]it 9 ,*9a4 ,9 ,nor!rn ,india ! ,african m>igold is held z a sacr$ fl[]2 !y adorn ! trid5t emblem ( ,mahdiv ) g>l&s ( x1 & bo? m5 & wom5 we> *aplets made ( its fl[]s on 8 fe/ivals4 ,?r\gh\t ,polynesia g>l&s h be5 habitually worn on seasons ( religi\s solemnity or social rejoic+1 & 9 ,tonga !y 7 employ$ z a tok5 ( respect4 ,9 %ort1 wrea?s seem to h be5 f a primitive p]iod adopt$ almo/ univ]sally 9 c]emonial rites1 hav+ f\nd equal fav\r bo? ) civilis$ z well z uncivilis$ communities4 ,x w probably1 too1 always be s4 ,fl[]s h always held a prom95t place 9 w$d+ c]emonies1 & at ! pres5t day are ev]y:]e ext5sively us$4 ,inde$1 x w\ld be no easy task to exhau/ ! li/ ( fl[]s :i* h ent]$ into ! m>riage cu/oms ( diff]5t c\ntries1 n to m5tion ! _m bridal emblems ( :i* !y h be5 made symbolical4 ,z f> back z ! "t ( ,juno1 we read1 accord+ to ,hom]'s graphic acc\nt1 h[3-- ,glad e>? p]ceives1 & f h] bosom p\rs ,unbidd5 h]bs & volunt>y fl[]s3 ,?ick1 new-born violets a s(t c>pet spread1 ,& clu/'r+ lotos swell$ ! ris+ b$2 ,& sudd5 hyac9?s ! e>? be/r[1 ,& flamy crocus made ! m\nta9 gl[4 ,accord+ to a v e>ly cu/om ! ,grecian bride 0 requir$ to eat a qu9ce1 & ! haw?orn 0 ! fl[] :i* =m$ h] wrea?1 :i* at ! pres5t day is /ill worn at ,greek nuptials1 ! alt> be+ deck$ ) its blossoms4 ,among ! ,romans ! hazel held a significant position1 tor*es hav+ be5 burnt on ! w$d+ ev5+ to insure prosp]ity to ! newly-m>ri$ c\ple1 & bo? 9 ,greece & ,rome "y m>ri$ c\ples 7 cr[n$ ) m>joram4 ,at ,roman w$d+s1 too1 oak5 b\ghs 7 c>ri$ dur+ ! c]emony z symbols ( fecundity2 & ! bridal wrea? 0 ( v]b5a1 pluck$ by ! bride h]self4 ,holly wrea?s 7 s5t z tok5s ( congratulation1 & wrea?s ( p>sley & rue 7 giv5 "u a belief t !y 7 effectual pres]vatives aga9/ evil spirits4 ,9 ,g]many1 n[adays1 a wrea? ( v]va9 is pres5t$ to ! newly-m>ri$ bride2 a plant :i*1 on acc\nt ( its my/ic virtues1 0 =m]ly mu* us$ = love-philtres & *>ms4 ,! bride h]self we>s a myrtle wrea?1 z also does ! ,jewi% maid51 b ?is wrea? 0 nev] giv5 ei!r to a wid[ or a divorc$ woman4 ,occasionally1 too1 x is cu/om>y 9 ,g]many to pres5t ! bride & bridegroom ) an almond at ! w$d+ banquet1 & 9 ! nuptial c]emonies ( ! ,cze*s ?is plant is di/ribut$ among ! gue/s4 ,9 ,switz]l& s mu* importance 0 9 ye>s pa/ atta*$ to fl[]s & _! symbolical significance t1 a v /rict law 0 9 =ce prohibit+ brides f we>+ *aplets or g>l&s 9 ! *ur*1 or at any "t dur+ ! w$d+ fea/1 if !y _h previ\sly 9 any way =feit$ _! rights to ! privileges ( maid5hood4#e ,) ! ,swiss maid5 ! edelweiss is almo/ a sacr$ fl[]1 be+ reg>d$ z a pro( ( ! devotion ( h] lov]1 by :om x is (t5 ga!r$ ) mu* risk f gr[+ 9 inaccessible spots4 ,9 ,italy1 z 9 days ( old1 nuts are scatt]$ at ! m>riage fe/ival1 & corn is 9 _m cases ?r[n ov] ! bridal c\ple1 a survival ( ! old ,roman cu/om ( mak+ (f]+s ( corn to ! bride4 ,a simil> usage prevails at an ,indian w$d+1 :]e1 aft] ! fir/ night1 ! "m ( ! husb&1 ) all ! female relatives1 comes to ! "y bride & places on h] head a measure ( corn--emblem ( f]tility4 ,! husb& !n comes =w>d & takes f 8 bride's head "s h&fuls ( ! gra91 :i* he scatt]s ov] himself4 ,z a fur!r illu/ration we may quote ! old ,poli% cu/om1 :i* consi/$ ( visitors ?r[+ :eat1 rye1 oats1 b>ley1 rice1 & beans at ! door ( ! bride's h\se1 z a symbol t %e nev] w\ld want any ( ^! gra9s s long z %e did h] duty4 ,9 ! ,tyrol is a f9e grove ( p9e-trees--! result ( a long-e/abli%$ cu/om = e newly unit$ c\ple to plant a m>riage tree1 :i* is g5]ally ( ! p9e k9d4 ,g>l&s ( wild asp>agus are us$ by ! ,boeotians1 :ile ) ! ,*9ese ! pea*-blossom is ! popul> emblem ( a bride4 ,9 ,engl&1 fl[]s h always be5 l>gely employ$ 9 ! w$d+ c]emony1 al?\gh !y h v>i$ at diff]5t p]iods1 influ5c$ by ! caprice ( fa%ion4 ,?us1 x appe>s t fl[]s 7 once worn by ! betro!d z tok5s ( _! engagem5t1 & ,qu>les 9 8 ,%eaphe>d's ,oracles1 #afdf1 tells u h[1 ,love-sick swa9s ,compose ru%-r+s & myrtle-b]ry *a9s1 ,& /uck ) glori\s k+cups1 & _! bonnets ,adorn'd ) laurell slips1 *aunt _! love sonnets4 ,sp5s]1 too1 9 8 ,%eph]d's ,cal5d> = ,april1 speaks ( ,coronations & sops 9 w9e worn ( p>am\rs--sops 9 w9e hav+ be5 a nickname = p9ks 7,dian?us plum>ius71 al?\gh ,dr4 ,prior assigns ! "n to ,dian?us c>yophyllus4 ,simil>ly will[ 0 worn by a disc>d$ lov]4 ,9 ! bridal cr[n1 ! rosem>y (t5 _h a di/+ui%$ place1 besides figur+ at ! c]emony itself1 :5 x 01 x w\ld seem1 dipp$ 9 sc5t$ wat]1 an allusion to :i* we f9d 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,scornful ,lady1 :]e x is ask$1 ,7 ! rosem>y bran*es dipp$8 ,ano!r fl[] :i* 0 entw9$ 9 ! bridal g>l& 0 ! lily1 to :i* ,b5 ,jonson ref]s 9 speak+ ( ! m>riage ( 8 fri5d ,mr4 ,we/on ) ! ,lady ,frances ,/u>t3-- ,see h[ ) roses & ) lilies %9e1 ,lilies & roses 7fl[]s ( ei!r sex71 ,! bright bride's pa?s4 ,x 0 also cu/om>y to plant a rose-bu% at ! head ( ! grave ( a deceas$ lov]1 %\ld ei!r ( !m die be=e ! w$d+4 ,sprigs ( bay 7 also introduc$ into ! bridal wrea?1 besides e>s ( corn1 emblematical ( ! pl5ty :i* might always cr[n ! bridal c\ple4 ,n[adays ! bridal wrea? is almo/ entirely compos$ ( orange-blossom1 on a backgr\nd ( maid5-hair f]n1 ) a sprig ( /ephanotis int]sp]s$ "h & !re4 ,mu* unc]ta9ty exi/s z to :y ?is plant 0 select$1 ! popul> reason be+ t x 0 adopt$ z an emblem ( fruitfulness4 ,accord+ to a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies1 ! practice may be trac$ to ! ,s>ac5s1 by :om ! orange-blossom 0 reg>d$ z a symbol ( a prosp]\s m>riage--a circum/ance :i* is p>tly to be acc\nt$ = by ! fact t 9 ! ,ea/ ! orange-tree be>s ripe fruit & blossom at ! same "t4 ,!n !re is ! bridal b\quet1 :i* is a v diff]5t ?+ f :at x 0 9 ye>s gone by4 ,in/ead ( be+ compos$ ( ! sc>ce/ & mo/ co/ly fl[]s arrang$ 9 ! mo/ elaborate mann]1 x 0 a homely nosegay ( m]e c\ntry fl[]s--"s ( ! fav\rite ones1 says ,h]rick1 be+ pansy1 rose1 lady-smock1 prick-madam1 g5tle-he>t1 & maid5-blu%4 ,a spray ( gorse 0 g5]ally ins]t$1 9 allusion1 no d\bt1 to ! "t-hon\r$ prov]b1 ,:5 ! furze is out ( bloom1 kiss+ is out ( fa%ion4 ,9 spr+-"t aga91 violets & primroses 7 mu* 9 dem&1 probably f be+ 9 abundance at ! season2 al?\gh !y h g5]ally be5 associat$ ) e>ly dea?4 ,among ! _m floral cu/oms associat$ ) ! w$d+ c]emony may be m5tion$ ! bridal-/rew+s1 :i* 7 v preval5t 9 pa/ ye>s1 a survival ( :i* is /ill kept up at ,knuts=d1 9 ,*e%ire4 ,on su* an occasion1 ! fl[]s us$ 7 emblematical1 & if ! bride happ5$ to be unpopul>1 %e (t5 enc\nt]$ on h] way to ! *ur* fl[]s ( a n v complim5t>y mean+4 ,! practice 0 n conf9$ to ?is c\ntry1 & we are told h[ 9 ,holl& ! ?re%old ( ! newly-m>ri$ c\ple 0 /rewn ) fl[]s1 ! laurel be+ z a rule mo/ conspicu\s among ! fe/oons4 ,la/ly1 ! use ( fl[]s 9 pay+ hon\rs to ! dead has be5 f "t immemorial mo/ widespread4 ,in/ances are s num]\s t x is impossible to d m ?an quote "s ( ! mo/ important1 z record$ 9 our own & o!r c\ntries4 ,= detail$ acc\nts ( ^! fun]eal floral rites x w\ld be necess>y to consult ! lit]ature ( ! pa/ f a v e>ly p]iod1 & ! result ( su* inquiries w\ld =m mat]ial en\gh = a goodly-siz$ volume4 ,!respect = ! dead among ! e>ly ,greeks 0 v great1 & ,miss ,lamb]t#f quotes ! compla9t ( ,petala to ,simmalion1 9 ! ,epi/les ( ,alciphron1 to %[ h[ special 0 ! d$ication ( fl[]s to ! dead3--,i h a lov] :o is a m\rn]1 n a lov]2 he s5ds me g>l&s & roses z if to deck a premature grave1 & he says he weeps ?r\gh ! live-long night4 ,! *ief fl[]s us$ by !m = /rew+ ov] graves 7 ! polyan?us1 myrtle1 & am>an?2 ! rose1 x w\ld appe> f ,anacreon1 hav+ be5 ?\ght to possess a special virtue = ! dead3-- ,:5 pa9 afflicts & sickness grieves1 ,its juice ! droop+ he>t relieves2 ,& aft] dea? its od\rs %$ ,a pleas+ fragrance o'er ! dead4 ,& ,electra is repres5t$ z compla9+ t ! tomb ( h] fa!r1 ,agamemnon1 _h n be5 duly adorn$ ) myrtle-- ,) no libations1 nor ) myrtle b\ghs1 ,7 my de> fa!r's manes gratifi$4 ,! ,greeks also plant$ asphodel & mall[ r\nd _! graves1 z ! se$s ( ^! plants 7 suppos$ to n\ri% ! dead4 ,m\rn]s1 too1 wore fl[]s at ! fun]al rites1 & ,hom] relates h[ ! ,!ssalians us$ cr[ns ( am>an? at ! burial ( ,a*illes4 ,! ,romans 7 equally obs]vant1 & ,ovid1 :5 writ+ f ! l& ( exile1 pray$ 8 wife--,b d y p]=m ! fun]al rites = me :5 dead1 & (f] *aplets wet ) y\r te>s4 ,al?\gh ! fire %all h *ang$ my body into a%es1 yet ! sad du/ w be s5sible ( y\r pi\s affection4 ,l ! ,greeks1 ! ,romans set a special value on ! rose z a fun]al fl[]1 & actually left directions t _! graves %\ld be plant$ ) ?is fav\rite fl[]1 a cu/om said to h be5 introduc$ by !m into ?is c\ntry4 ,bo? ,camd5 & ,aubrey allude to x1 & at ! pres5t day 9 ,wales :ite roses d5ote ! graves ( "y unm>ri$ girls4 ,com+ d[n to mod]n times1 we f9d ! p]iw9kle1 nicknam$ dea?'s fl[]1 scatt]$ ov] ! graves ( *ildr5 9 ,italy--notably ,tuscany--& 9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many ! p9k is 9 reque/ = ?is purpose4 ,9 ,p]sia we read (3-- ,! basil-tuft t waves ,its fragrant blossoms ov] graves2 ,& among ! ,*9ese1 roses1 ! anemone1 & a species ( lycoris are plant$ ov] graves4 ,! ,malays use a k9d ( basil1 & 9 ,tripoli tombs are adorn$ ) su* sweet & fragrant fl[]s z ! orange1 jessam9e1 myrtle1 & rose4 ,9 ,mexico ! ,indian c>nation is popul>ly kn[n z ! fl[] ( ! dead1 & ! p ( ,tahiti cov] _! dead ) *oice fl[]s4 ,9 ,am]ica ! ,freemasons place twigs ( acacia on ! c(f9s ( bre?r54 ,! ,buddhi/s use fl[]s l>gely = fun]al purposes1 & an ,indian "n = ! tam>isk is ! mess5g] ( ,yama1 ! ,indian ,god ( ,dea?4 ,! p ( ,madagasc> h a species ( mimosa1 :i* is frequ5tly f\nd gr[+ on ! tombs1 & 9 ,norway ! fun]al plants are junip] & fir4 ,9 ,france ! cu/om v l>gely n\ri%es1 roses & orange-blossoms 9 ! s\!rn prov9ces be+ plac$ 9 ! c(f9s ( ! "y4 ,inde$1 s g5]al is ! practice 9 ,france t1 sceptics & believ]s uphold x1 & /atesm51 & soldi]s1 & pr9ces1 & s*ol>s equally ) *ildr5 & maid5s are ! objects ( x4 ,aga91 9 ,old5burg1 x is said t corn/alks mu/ be scatt]$ ab\t a h\se 9 :i* dea? has ent]$1 z a *>m aga9/ fur!r mis=tune1 & 9 ! ,tyrol an eld] bu% is (t5 plant$ on a newly-made grave4 ,9 our own c\ntry ! practice ( cr[n+ ! dead & ( /rew+ _! graves ) fl[]s has prevail$ f a v e>ly p]iod1 a cu/om :i* has be5 mo/ pa!tically & ) mu* grace describ$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,cymbel9e 7,act iv4 sc4 #b73-- ,) faire/ fl[]s1 ,:il/ summ] la/s1 & ,i live "h1 ,fidele1 ,i'll sweet5 ?y sad grave3 ?\ %alt n lack ,! fl[] t's l ?y face1 pale primrose2 nor ,! azur$ h>ebell1 l ?y ve9s2 no1 nor ,! leaf ( eglant9e1 :om n to sl&]1 ,out-sweet5'd n ?y brea?3 ! ruddock w\ld1 ,) *>itable bill1 ,o bill1 sore-%am+ ,^? ri*-left heirs t let _! fa!rs lie ,)\t a monum5t6 br+ !e all ?is2 ,yea1 & furr'd moss besides1 :5 fl[]s are none1 ,to w9t]-gr\nd ?y corse4 ,allusions to ! cu/om are frequ5tly to be met ) 9 our old writ]s1 _m ( :i* h be5 collect$ toge!r by ,br&4#g ,9 =m] ye>s x 0 cu/om>y to c>ry sprigs ( rosem>y at a fun]al1 probably because ?is plant 0 consid]$ emblematical ( remembrance3-- ,to %[ _! love1 ! neighb\rs f> & ne>1 ,foll['d ) wi/ful look ! damsel's bi]2 ,spr+'d rosem>y ! lads & lasses bore1 ,:ile dismally ! p>son walk$ be=e4 ,gay speaks ( ! fl[]s scatt]$ on graves z rosem>y1 daisy1 butt]'d fl[]1 & endive blue1 & ,pepys m5tions a *ur*y>d ne> ,s\?ampton :]e ! graves 7 s[n ) sage4 ,ano!r plant :i* has f a remote p]iod be5 associat$ ) dea? is ! cypress1 hav+ be5 plant$ by ! anci5ts r\nd _! graves4 ,9 our own c\ntry x 0 employ$ z a fun]al fl[]1 & ,coles ?us ref]s to x1 toge!r ) ! rosem>y & bay3-- ,cypresse g>l&s are ( great acc\nt at fun]als among/ ! g5tl] sort1 b rosem>y & bayes are us$ by ! commons bo? at fun]als & w$d+s4 ,!y are all plants :i* fade n a good :ile aft] !y are ga!r$1 & us$ 7z ,i conceive7 to intimate unto u t ! remembrance ( ! pres5t solemnity might n die pres5tly 7at once71 b be kept 9 m9d = _m ye>s4 ,! yew has f "t immemorial be5 plant$ 9 *ur*y>ds besides be+ us$ at fun]als4 ,p>is1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet1 7,act v4 sc4 #c71 says3-- ,"u yon yew trees lay !e all along1 ,hold+ ?9e e> close to ! holl[ gr\nd2 ,s %all no foot ^u ! *ur*y>d tread1 ,be+ loose1 unfirm1 ) digg+ up ( graves1 ,b ?\ %all he> x4 ,%akespe>e also ref]s to ! cu/om ( /ick+ yew 9 ! %r\d 9 ! foll[+ song 9 ,twelf? ,night 7,act ii4 sc4 #d73-- ,my %r\d ( :ite1 /uck all ) yew1 ,oh1 prep>e x2 ,my "p ( dea?1 no "o s true ,did %>e x4 ,unhappy lov]s _h g>l&s ( will[1 yew1 & rosem>y laid on _! bi]s1 an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ! ,maid's ,trag$y3-- ,lay a g>l& on my he>se ,( ! dismal yew2 ,maid5s1 will[ bran*es be>-- ,say ,i di$ true4 ,my love 0 false1 b ,i 0 firm ,f my h\r ( bir?2 ,^u my buri$ body lie ,lightly1 g5tle e>?4 ,among fur!r fun]al cu/oms may be m5tion$ t ( c>ry+ a g>l& ( fl[]s & sweet h]bs be=e a maid5's c(f91 & aft]w>ds susp5d+ x 9 ! *ur*4 ,ni*ols1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,lanca%ire 7vol4 ii4 pt4 i4 #chb71 speak+ ( ,wal?am 9 ,framl& ,hundr$1 says3 ,9 ?is *ur* "u e ar* a g>l& is susp5d$1 "o ( :i* is cu/om>ily plac$ !re :5ev] any "y unm>ri$ woman dies4 ,x is to ?is cu/om ,gay feel+ly alludes3-- ,to h] sweet mem'ry fl[+ g>l&s /rung1 ,on h] n[ empty seat al(t 7 hung4 ,inde$1 9 all ! c]emonial obs]vances ( life1 f ! cradle to ! grave1 fl[]s h =m$ a prom95t feature1 ! symbolical mean+ long atta*$ to !m expla9+ _! selection on diff]5t occasions4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #adg4 #b4 ,! ,c]emonial ,use ( ,fl[]s4 #c4 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #gaa4 #d4 ,fl[]-lore1 pp4 #adi-ej4 #e4 ,miss ,lamb]t1 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,may #ahhj1 p4 #hba4 #f4 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,septemb] #ahgh1 p4 #dgc4 #g4 ,popul> ,antiquities1 #ahgj1 ii4 #bd1 c4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,plant ,,names4 ,! orig9 & hi/ory ( plant names is a subject ( "s magnitude1 & is "o t has long engag$ ! att5tion ( philologi/s4 ,( ! _m works publi%$ on plant names1 t ( ! ,engli% ,dialect ,society#a is by f> ! mo/ complete1 & =ms a valuable addition to ?is class ( lit]ature4 ,"s idea ( ! wide area cov]$ by ! nom5clature ( plants1 z se5 9 ! gradual evolution & desc5t ( v]nacul> names1 may be ga!r$ ev5 f a cursory survey ( ^? mo/ widely kn[n 9 our own & o!r c\ntries4 ,ap>t1 too1 f _! etymological associations1 x is int]e/+ to trace ! v>iety ( s\rces f :5ce plant names h sprung1 a few illu/rations ( :i* are giv5 9 ! pres5t *apt]4 ,at ! outset1 x is notewor?y t our ,engli% plant names c boa/ ( a v ext5sive p>5tage1 be+1 d]iv$ f _m languages--,lat91 ,greek1 anci5t ,briti%1 ,anglo-,saxon1 ,norman1 ,l[ ,g]man1 ,sw$i%1 ,dani%1 ,arabic1 ,p]sian4#b ,x is n surpris+1 !re=e1 t 9 _m cases mu* confusion has aris5 9 unravell+ _! mean+1 :i* 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s w\ld naturally become m or less modifi$ by a succession ( influ5ces su* z ! int]communication & *ange ( ideas betwe5 "o c\ntry & ano!r4 ,on ! o!r h&1 num]\s plant names cle>ly display _! orig91 ! lapse ( ye>s hav+ left ^! unaffect$1 a circum/ance :i* is especially true 9 ! case ( ,greek & ,lat9 names4 ,names ( ,fr5* orig9 are frequ5tly equally di/9ct1 a famili> in/ance be+ d&elion1 f ! ,fr5* d5t-de-lion1 lion's too?1 al?\gh ! reason = its be+ s call$ is by no means evid5t4 ,at ! same "t1 x is noticeable t 9 ne>ly e ,european language ! plant be>s a simil> "n2 :]eas ,pr(essor ,de ,gub]natis connects ! "n ) ! sun 7,helios71 & adds t a lion 0 ! animal symbol ( ! sun1 & t all plants nam$ aft] him are ess5tially plants ( ! sun4#c ,"o ( ! popul> names ( ! ,/4 ,john's wort is tutsan1 a corruption ( ! ,fr5* t\te sa9e1 s call$ f its heal+ prop]ties1 & ! mignonette is ano!r famili> in/ance4 ,! fl[]-de-luce1 "o ( ! names probably ( ! iris1 is d]iv$ f fleur de ,l\is1 f its hav+ be5 assum$ z 8 device by ,l\is ,,vii4 ( ,france4 ,x has und]gone v>i\s *anges1 hav+ be5 9 all probability contract$ into fleur-de-luce1 & f9ally into fleur-de-lys or fleur-de-lis4 ,an imm5se deal ( discussion has be5 devot$ to ! hi/ory ( ?is "n1 & a great _m curi\s !ories propos$ 9 explanation ( x1 "s be+ ( op9ion t ! lily & n ! iris is ref]r$ to4 ,b ! weight ( evid5ce seem to fav\r ! iris !ory1 ?is plant hav+ be5 und\bt$ly fam\s 9 ,fr5* hi/ory4 ,once m1 by "s1#d ! "n fleur-de-lys has be5 d]iv$ f ,lys1 9 :i* mann] ! twelve fir/ ,l\is sign$ _! names1 & :i* 0 easily contract$ into ,lys4 ,"s consid] x means ! fl[] t gr[s on ! banks ( ! riv] ,lis1 :i* sep>at$ ,france & ,artois f ,fl&]s4 ,turn+ to ! lit]ature ( ! pa/1 ,%akespe>e has sev]al allusions to ! plant1 z 9 ,i ,h5ry ,,vi1 :]e a mess5g] ent]s & exclaims3-- ,awake1 awake1 ,engli% nobility6 ,let n slo? dim y\r hon\rs new begot2 ,cropp'd are ! fl[]-de-luces 9 y\r arms2 ,( ,engl&'s coat "o half is cut away4 ,sp5s] m5tions ! plant1 & di/+ui%es x f ! lily3-- ,%[ mee ! gr\nde ) daifad[n-dillies1 ,& c[slips1 & k+cups1 & lov$ lillies2 ,! pretty pawnee1 ,& ! *]isaunce1 ,%all m>* ) ! fayre fl[re delice4 ,ano!r in/ance is ! mignonette ( our ,fr5* neighb\rs1 kn[n also z ! love-fl[]4 ,"o ( ! names ( ! deadly night%ade is belladonna :i* rem9ds u ( its ,italian appellation1 & sev]al ( our commone/ plant names are obta9$ f ! ,l[ ,g]man or ,dut*1 z1 = in/ance1 buck:eat 7,polygonum fagopyrum71 f ! ,dut* bockweit4 ,! r[an-tree 7,pyrus aucup>ia7 comes f ! ,dani% run1 ,sw$i% rnn1 :i*1 z ,dr4 ,prior rem>ks1 is traceable to ! old ,norse runa1 a *>m1 f its be+ suppos$ to h p[] to av]t evil4 ,simil>ly1 ! add]'s tongue 7,ophioglossum vulgatum7 is said to be f ! ,dut* add]-/ong1 & ! ^w haw?orn is f\nd 9 ! v>i\s ,g]man dialects4 ,z ! au?ors ( ,engli% ,plant ,names rem>k 7,intr4 xv471 _m nor?-c\ntry names are d]iv$ f ,sw$i% & ,dani% s\rces1 an int]e/+ example occurr+ 9 ! ^w kemps1 a "n appli$ to ! black heads ( ! ribwort planta9 7,plantago lanceolata74 ,! orig9 ( ?is "n is to be f\nd 9 ! ,dani% kaempe1 a w>rior1 & ! reason = its be+ s call$ is to be f\nd 9 ! game :i* *ildr5 9 mo/ p>ts ( ! k+dom play ) ! fl[]-/alks ( ! planta91 by endeav\r+ to knock (f ! heads ( ea* o!r's mimic weapons4 ,aga91 z ,mr4 ,fri5d po9ts out1 ! bir* w\ld take u back to ! primeval =e/s ( ,india1 & among ! multitud9\s in/ances ( names traceable to f>-(f c\ntries may be m5tion$ ! lilac & tulip f ,p]sia1 ! latt] be+ d]iv$ f ?\lyban1 ! ^w us$ 9 ,p]sia = a turban4 ,lilac is equival5t to lilag1 a ,p]sian ^w signify+ fl[]1 hav+ be5 introduc$ into ,europe f t c\ntry e>ly 9 ! sixte5? c5tury by ,busbeck1 a ,g]man travell]4 ,b illu/rations ( ?is l& are suffici5t to %[ f h[ _m c\ntries our plant names h be5 br\ght1 & h[ by degrees !y h become int]wov5 into our own language1 _! pronunciation be+ ,anglicis$ by ,engli% speak]s4 ,_m plants1 aga91 h be5 call$ 9 memory ( lead+ *>act]s 9 days gone by1 & aft] ^? :o discov]$ _! :]eab\ts & introduc$ !m into ,european c\ntries4 ,?us ! fu*sia1 a native ( ,*ili1 0 nam$ aft] ,leon>d ,fu*s1 a well-kn[n ,g]man botani/1 & ! magnolia 0 s call$ 9 hon\r ( ,pi]re ,magnol1 an em95t writ] on botanical subjects4 ,! /ately dahlia aft] ,&rew ,dahl1 ! ,sw$i% botani/4 ,b1 )\t enum]at+ fur!r in/ances1 = !y are famili> to mo/ read]s1 x may be notic$ t plants :i* embody ! names ( animals are v num]\s inde$4 ,9 _m cases ?is has result$ f "s fanci$ resemblance to "s "p ( ! animal nam$2 ?us f _! long tongu$-l leaves1 ! h>t's-tongue1 lamb's-tongue1 & ox-tongue 7 s call$1 :ile "s plants h d]iv$ _! names f ! sn\ts ( c]ta9 animals1 su* z ! sw9e's-sn\t 7,l5todon t>axacum71 & calf's-sn\t1 or1 z x is m commonly t]m$1 snapdragon 7,antirrh9um majus74 ,! gap+ corollas ( v>i\s blossoms h sugge/$ su* names z dog's-m\?1 rabbit's-m\?1 & lion's-snap1 & plants ) peculi>ly-%ap$ leaves h giv5 rise to names l ^!--m\se-e> 7,/a*ys ,zanaia71 cat's-e>s1 & be>'s-e>s4 ,num]\s names h be5 sugge/$ by _! fanci$ resemblance to ! feet1 ho(s1 & tails ( animals & birds2 z1 = in/ance1 colt's-foot1 cr[-foot1 bird's-foot trefoil1 horse-%oe vet*1 bull-foot1 & ! v]va91 nicknam$ frog's-foot4 ,!n !re is ! l>kspur1 also t]m$ l>k's-claw1 & l>k's-heel1 ! lamb's-toe be+ s call$ f its d[ny heads ( fl[]s1 & ! horse-ho( f ! %ape ( ! leaf4 ,among v>i\s simil> names may be notic$ ! crane's-bill & /ork's-bill1 f _! long beak-l se$-vessels1 & ! val]ian1 popul>ly designat$ capon's-tail1 f its spread+ fl[]s4 ,_m plant names h animal prefixes1 ^! inde$ =m+ a v ext5sive li/4 ,b 9 "s in/ances1 ! "n ( an animal prefix$ has a totally diff]5t signification1 d5ot+ size1 co>s5ess1 & frequ5tly wor?lessness or spuri\sness4 ,?us ! horse-p>sley 0 s call$ f its co>s5ess z comp>$ ) smallage or cel]y1 & ! horse-mu%room f its size 9 di/9ction to a species m commonly eat54 ,! p>ticul> uses to :i* c]ta9 plants h be5 appli$ h orig9at$ _! names3 ! horse-bean1 f be+ gr[n z a food = horses2 & ! horse-*e/nut1 because us$ 9 ,turkey = horses t are brok5 or t\*$ 9 ! w9d4 ,p>k9son1 too1 adds h[1 horse-*e/nuts are giv5 9 ! ,ea/1 & s ?r\gh all ,turkey1 unto horses to cure !m ( ! c\gh1 %ortness ( w9d1 & su* o!r diseases4 ,! g]m&] is kn[n z horse-*]e1 f its gr[+ aft] horse-dropp+s2 & ! horse-bane1 because suppos$ 9 ,sw$5 to cause a k9d ( palsy 9 horses--an effect :i* has be5 ascrib$ by ,l9naeus n s mu* to ! noxi\s qualities ( ! plant itself1 z to an insect 7,curculio p>aplecticus7 t bre$s 9 its /em4 ,! dog has sugge/$ sundry plant names1 ?is prefix frequ5tly sugge/+ ! idea ( wor?lessness1 z 9 ! case ( ! dog-violet1 :i* lacks ! sweet fragrance ( ! true violet1 & ! dog-p>sley1 :i*1 :il/ resembl+ ! true plant ( ?is "n1 is poison\s & wor?less4 ,9 l mann] !re is ! dog-eld]1 dog's-m]cury1 dog's-*amomile1 & ! dog-rose1 ea* a spuri\s =m ( a plant q di/9ct2 :ile on ! o!r h& we h ! dog's-too? grass1 f ! %>p-po9t$ %oots ( its und]gr\nd /em1 & ! dog-grass 7,triticum can9u71 because giv5 to dogs z an ap]i5t4 ,! cat has come 9 = its due %>e ( plant names1 z = in/ance ! sun-spurge1 :i* has be5 nicknam$ cat's-milk1 f its milky juice ooz+ 9 drops1 z milk f ! small teats ( a cat2 & ! blossoms ( ! talix1 designat$ cats-&-kitt5s1 or kitt+s1 probably 9 allusion to _! s(t1 fur-l appe>ance4 ,fur!r names are1 cat's-faces 7,viola tricolor71 cat's-eyes 7,v]onica *amca$rys71 cat's-tail1 ! catk9 ( ! hazel or will[1 & cat's-e> 7,hypo*a]is maculata74 ,! be> is ano!r common prefix4 ,?us !re is ! be>'s-foot1 f its digital leaf1 ! be>-b]ry1 or be>'s-bilb]ry1 f its fruit be+ a fav\rite food ( be>s1 & ! be>'s-g>lick4 ,!re is ! be>'s-bree*1 f its r\ghness1 a "n transf]r$ by "s mi/ake f ! ,acan?us to ! c[-p>snip1 & ! be>'s-wort1 :i* x has be5 sugge/$ is r to be d]iv$ f its use 9 ut]9e compla9ts ?an f ! animal4 ,among names 9 :i* ! ^w c[ figures may be m5tion$ ! c[-bane1 wat]-hemlock1 f its suppos$ baneful effects ^u c[s1 because1 writes ,)]+1 e>ly 9 ! spr+1 :5 x gr[s 9 ! wat]1 c[s (t5 eat x1 & are kill$ by x4 ,cockayne w\ld d]ive c[slip f cu1 c[1 & slyppe1 lip1 & c[-:eat is s nicknam$ f its se$ resembl+ :eat1 b be+ wor?less z food = man4 ,! fl[]s ( ! ,arum maculatum are bulls & c[s2 & 9 ,york%ire ! fruit ( ,crataegus oxyacan?a is bull-horns2--an old "n = ! horse-leek be+ bullock's-eye4 ,_m curi\s names h result$ f ! prefix pig1 z 9 ,sussex1 :]e ! bird's-foot trefoil is kn[n z pig's-pettitoes2 & 9 ,devon%ire ! fruit ( ! dog-rose is pig's-noses4 ,a ,nor?ampton%ire t]m = goose-grass 7,galium ap>9e7 is pig-tail1 & ! pig-nut 7,brunium flexuosum7 d]iv$ ?is "n f its tub]s be+ a fav\rite food ( pigs1 & resembl+ nuts 9 size & flav\r4 ,! common cyclam5 is s[-head1 & a popul> "n = ! ,son*us ol]aceus is s[-?i/le4 ,among fur!r names also associat$ ) ! s[ may be includ$ ! s[-f5nel1 s[-grass1 & s[-foot1 :ile ! s[-bane 7,*5opodium rubrum71 is s t]m$ f be+1 z ,p>k9son tells u1 f\nd c]ta9 to kill sw9e4 ,among fur!r animal prefixes may be notic$ ! wolfs-bane 7,aconitum napellus71 wolf's-claws 7,lycopodium clavatum71 wolf's-milk 7,euphorbia helioscopia71 & wolfs-?i/le 7,c>l9a acaulis74 ,! m\se has giv5 u num]\s names1 su* z m\se-e> 7,hi]acium pilosella71 m\se-grass 7,aira c>yophyllea71 m\se-e> scorpion-grass 7,myosotis palu/ris71 m\se-tail 7,myosurus m9imus71 & m\se-pea4 ,! t]m rat-tail has be5 appli$ to sev]al plants hav+ a tail-l infloresc5ce1 su* z ! ,plantago lanceolata 7ribwort planta974 ,! t]m toad z a prefix1 l t ( dog1 frequ5tly means spuri\s1 z 9 ! toad-flax1 a plant :i*1 be=e x comes into fl[]1 be>s a tol]ably close resemblance to a plant ( ! true flax4 ,! frog1 aga91 supplies names1 su* z frog's-lettuce1 frog's-foot1 frog-grass1 & frog-*eese2 :ile h$gehog gives u su* names z h$gehog-p>sley & h$gehog-grass4 ,connect$ ) ! dragon we h ! "n dragon appli$ to ! snake-we$ 7,polygonum bi/orta71 & dragon's-blood is "o ( ! popul> names ( ! ,h]b-,rob]t4 ,! wat]-dragon is a nickname ( ! ,cal?a palu/ris1 & dragon's-m\? ( ! ,digitalis purpurea4 ,once m1 !re is scorpion-grass & scorpion-wort1 bo? ( :i* ref] to v>i\s species ( ,myosotis2 snakes & vip]s also add+ to ! li/4 ,?us !re is vip]'s-bugloss1 & snake-we$4 ,9 ,gl\ce/]%ire ! fruit ( ! ,arum maculatum is snake's-victuals1 & snake's-head is a common "n = !fritill>y4 ,!re is ! snake-sk9 will[ & snake's-girdles2--snake's-tongue be+ a "n giv5 to ! bane-wort 7,ranunculus flammula74 ,names 9 :i* ! devil figures h be5 notic$ else:]e1 z also ^? 9 :i* ! words fairy & wit* ent]4 ,z ! au?ors1 too1 ( ! ,diction>y ( ,plant ,names h po9t$ out1 a great numb] ( names may be call$ d$icatory1 & embody ! names ( _m ( ! sa9ts1 & ev5 ( ! ,deity4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 are v few 9 numb]1 ow+ p]haps to a s5se ( rev]5ce1 & ,god ,almighty's bread & *eese1 ,god's eye1 ,god's grace1 ,god's meat1 ,our ,"l's1 or ,our ,savi\r's flannel1 ,*ri/'s hair1 ,*ri/'s h]b1 ,*ri/'s ladd]1 ,*ri/'s ?orn1 ,holy ,gho/1 & ,h]b-,tr9ity1 make up almo/ ! :ole li/4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,virg9 ,m>y has sugge/$ num]\s names1 "s ( :i* we h notic$ 9 ! *apt] on sacr$ plants4 ,c]ta9 ( ! sa9ts1 aga91 h p]petuat$ _! names 9 our plant nom5clature1 in/ances ( :i* are scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! pres5t volume4 ,"s plants1 su* z flea-bane & wolf's-bane1 ref] to ! reput$ prop]ty ( ! plant to keep (f or injure ! animal nam$1#e & !re is a long li/ ( plants :i* d]iv$ _! names f _! real or imag9>y m$ic9al virtues1 _m ( :i* illu/rate ! old doctr9e ( signatures4 ,birds1 aga91 l animals1 h sugge/$ v>i\s names1 & among "s ( ! be/-kn[n ones may be m5tion$ ! goose-foot1 goose-grass1 goose-tongue4 ,%akespe>e speaks ( cuckoo-buds1 & !re is cuckoo's-head1 cuckoo-fl[]1 & cuckoo-fruit1 besides ! /ork's-bill & crane's-bill4 ,bees are n )\t _! cont+5t ( names2 a popul> "n ( ! ,delph9ium gr&iflorum be+ ! bee-l>kspur1 f ! resemblance ( ! petals1 :i* are /udd$ ) yell[ hairs1 to ! humble-bee ^: head is buri$ 9 ! recesses ( ! fl[]4 ,!re is ! bee-fl[] 7,ophrys apif]a71 because !1 lip is 9 =m & col\r s l a bee1 t any "o unacqua9t$ !re) w\ld take x = a liv+ bee suck+ ( ! fl[]4 ,9 addition to ! v>i\s classes ( names already m5tion$1 !re are a ri* & v v>i$ assortm5t f\nd 9 mo/ c\nties ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 _m ( :i* h orig9at$ 9 ! mo/ amus+ & ecc5tric way4 ,?us butt] & eggs & eggs & bacon are appli$ to sev]al plants1 f ! two %ades ( yell[ 9 ! fl[]1 & butt]-*urn to ! ,nuph> luteum1 f ! %ape ( ! fruit4 ,a popul> t]m = ,nepeta gle*oma is h5 & *ick5s1 & cocks & h5s = ! ,plantago lanceolata4 ,a ,gl\ce/]%ire nickname = ! ,plantago m$ia is fire-leaves1 & ! he>ts'-ease has be5 hon\r$ ) all sorts ( romantic names1 su* z kiss me beh9d ! g>d5 gate2 & none s pretty is "o ( ! popul> names ( ! saxifrage4 ,among ! names ( ! ,arum may be notic$ p>son 9 ! pulpit1 c[s & calves1 lords & ladies1 & wake-rob94 ,! potato has a v>iety ( names1 su* z lea!r-jackets1 blue-eyes1 & r$-eyes4 ,a pretty "n 9 ,devon%ire = ! ,v]onica *amca$rys is angel's-eyes3-- ,ar\nd h] hat a wrea? 0 tw9$ ,( blossoms1 blue z s\!rn skies2 ,i ask$ _! "n1 & %e repli$1 ,we call !m angel's-eyes4#f ,9 ! nor!rn c\nties ! popl>1 on acc\nt ( its bitt] b>k1 0 t]m$ ! bitt]-we$4#g ,oak1 a%1 & elm-tree1 ,! laird c hang = a' ! ?ree2 ,b fir1 saugh1 & bitt]-we$1 ,! laird may flyte1 b make nae?+ be'et4 ,accord+ to ! compil]s ( ,engli% ,plant ,names1 ?is "n is assign$ to no p>ticul> species ( popl>1 nor h we met ) x else:]e4 ,! common ,solomon's seal 7,polygonatum multiflorum7 has be5 nicknam$ ,david's h>p1#h &1 appe>s to h aris5 f ! exact simil>ity ( ! outl9e ( ! b5d$ /alk1 ) its p5d5t bill-l blossoms1 to ! draw+s ( monki% times 9 :i* ,k+ ,david is repres5t$ z seat$ be=e an in/rum5t %ap$ l ! half ( a po9t$ ar*1 f :i* are susp5d$ metal bells1 :i* he /rikes ) two hamm]s4 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,torquay1 fir-cones are designat$ oy/]s1 & 9 ,sussex ! ,arabis is call$ sn[-on-!-m\nta91 & sn[-9-summ]4 ,a ,devon%ire "n = ! sweet scabriosis is ! m\rnful-wid[1 & 9 "s places ! r$ val]ian 7,c5tran?us rub]7 is kn[n z sc>let-lightn+4 ,a common "n = ,a*illaea pt>mica is sneezewort1 & ! ,petasites vulg>is has be5 designat$ son be=e ! fa!r4 ,! g5]al "n = ,dros]a rotundifolia is sun-dew1 & 9 ,gl\ce/]%ire ! ,primula auricula is ! tann]'s-apron4 ,! ,viola tricolor is (t5 kn[n z ?ree faces 9 a hood1 & ! ,aconitum napellus z ,v5us's *>iot drawn by two doves4 ,! ,/ell>ia holo/ea is lady's :ite petticoat1 & ! ,sc&ix pect5 is old wife's d>n+-ne$les4 ,"o ( ! names ( ! ,campion is plum-pudd+1 & spittle ( ! />s has be5 appli$ to ! ,no/oc commune4 ,)\t giv+ fur!r in/ances ( ^! odd plant names1 we w\ld conclude by quot+ ! foll[+ extract f ! preface ( ,mr4 ,e>le's *>m+ little volume on ,engli% ,plant ,names1 a rem>k :i*1 inde$1 mo/ equally applies to o!r sections ( our subject beyond t ( ! pres5t *apt]3--,! fasc9ation ( plant names has its f\ndation 9 two in/9cts1 love ( ,nature1 & curiosity ab\t ,language4 ,plant names are (t5 ( ! highe/ antiquity1 & m or less common to ! :ole /ream ( relat$ nations4 ,c\ld we p5etrate to ! orig9al sugge/ive idea t call$ =? ! "n1 x w\ld br+ valuable in=mation ab\t ! fir/ op5+s ( ! human m9d t[>ds ,nature2 & ! m]e/ dream ( su* a discov]y inve/s ) a /range *>m ! words t c\ld tell1 if we c\ld und]/&1 s mu* ( ! =gott5 infancy ( ! human race4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,diction>y ( ,engli% ,plant ,names1 by ,j4 ,britt5 & ,rob]t ,holl&4 #ahhf4 #b4 ,engli% ,plant ,names1 ,introduction1 p4 xiii4 #c4 ,see ,folk>d's ,leg5ds1 p4 #cji2 ,fri5d's ,fl[]s & ,fl[]lore1 ii4 #dja-e4 #d4 ,see ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #gd4 #e4 ,fri5d's ,fl[]-lore1 ii4 #dbe4 #f4 ,g>d51 ,june #bi1 #ahgb4 #g4 ,john/on's ,botany ( ,ea/]n ,bord]s1 #ahec1 p4 #agg4 #h4 ,lady ,wilk9son's ,we$s & ,wild ,fl[]s1 p4 #bfi4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,plant ,,language4 ,plant language1 z expressive ( ! v>i\s traits ( human "*1 c boa/ ( a _w-wide & antique hi/ory4 ,x is n surpris+ t fl[]s1 ! v>i$ & lovely productions ( nature's da9ty h&iwork1 %\ld h be5 employ$ z symbolic emblems1 & mo/ aptly indicative (t5times ( :at words :5 ev5 mo/ wisely *os5 c ill convey2 = z ,t5nyson rem>ks3-- ,any man t walks ! mead ,9 bud1 or blade1 or bloom1 may f9d ,a mean+ suit$ to 8 m9d4 ,h5ce1 :e!r we turn to ! pages ( ! ,sacr$ ,volume1 or to ! e>ly ,greek writ+s1 we f9d ! symbolism ( fl[]s mo/ eloqu5tly illu/rat$1 :ile ,p]sian poetry is ri* 9 allusions ( ! same k9d4 ,inde$1 z ,mr4 ,+ram has rem>k$ 9 8 ,flora ,symbolica1#a--;,e age & e clime has promulgat$ its own peculi> sy/em ( floral signs1 & x has be5 said t ! language ( fl[]s is z old z ! days ( ,adam2 hav+1 also1 ?\s&s ( ye>s ago1 exi/$ 9 ! ,indian1 ,egyptian1 & ,*aldean civilisations :i* h long s9ce pass$ away4 ,he fur!r adds h[ ! ,*9ese1 ^:1 *ronicles ant$ate ! hi/oric records ( all o!r nations1 seem to h _h a simple b complete mode ( communicat+ ideas by means ( florigraphic signs2 :]eas1 ! monum5ts ( ! old ,assyrian & ,egyptian races be> ^u _! v5]able surfaces a code ( floral telegraphy ^: hi]oglyphical mean+ is veil$ or b dimly guess$ at 9 our day4 ,! subject is an ext5sive "o1 & also ent]s l>gely into ! c]emonial use ( fl[]s1 _m ( :i* 7 purposely select$ = c]ta9 rites f _! long-e/abli%$ symbolical "*4 ,at ! same "t1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t _m plants h _h a mean+ atta*$ to !m by poets & o!rs1 :o h by a lic5se ( _! own made !m to repres5t c]ta9 s5tim5ts & ideas = :i* !re is no au?ority save _! own fancy4 ,h5ce 9 num]\s in/ances a mean+1 :olly misguid+1 has be5 assign$ to v>i\s plants1 & has giv5 rise to mu* confusion4 ,?is1 too1 x may be add$1 is ! case 9 o!r c\ntries z well z our own4 ,fur!rmore1 z ,m4 de ,gub]natis obs]ves1 !re exi/ a great numb] ( books :i* pret5d to expla9 ! language ( fl[]s1 :]e9 "o may occasionally f9d a popul> or traditional symbol2 b1 z a rule1 ^! expressions are g5]ally ! wild fancies ( ! au?or himself4 ,h5ce1 9 deal+ ) plant language1 "o is confront$ ) a ho/ ( h&books1 _m ( :i* are n only inaccurate1 b mislead+4 ,b 9 enum]at+ ! recognis$ & well-kn[n plants t h acquir$ a figurative mean+1 x w be f\nd t 9 a v>iety ( cases ?is may be trac$ to _! connection ) "s p>ticul> ev5t 9 ye>s pa/1 & n to "s *ance or caprice1 z "s w\ld make u believe4 ,! am>an?1 = in/ance1 :i* is ! emblem ( immortality1 receiv$ its "n1 nev]-fad+1 f ! ,greeks on acc\nt ( ! la/+ nature ( its blossoms4 ,accord+ly1 ,milton cr[ns ) am>an? ! angelic multitude assembl$ be=e ! ,deity3-- ,to ! gr\nd1 ,) solemn adoration1 d[n !y ca/ ,_! cr[ns1 inwove ) am>an? & gold4 ,immortal am>an?1 a fl[] :i* once ,9 ,p>adise1 fa/ by ! tree ( life1 ,began to bloom2 b soon1 = man's (f5ce1 ,to heav5 remov$1 :]e fir/ x grew1 !re gr[s ,& fl[]s al(t1 %ad+ ! font ( life1 c4 ,& 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t *ur*es are adorn$ at ,*ri/mas-tide ) ! am>an?1 z a symbol ( t immortality to :i* _! fai? bids !m look4 ,grass1 f its _m b5eficial qualities1 has be5 made ! emblem ( usefulness2 & ! ivy1 f its p]si/5t habit ( cl++ to ! heavie/ support1 has be5 univ]sally adopt$ z ! symbol ( confid+ love & fidelity4 ,gr[+ rapidly1 x iron clasps3-- ,! fissur$ /one ) its entw9+ arms1 ,& emb[]s ) leaves = ev] gre51 ,& b]ries d>k4 ,accord+ to a ,corni% tradition1 ! beautiful ,iseult1 unable to endure ! loss ( h] betro!d--! brave ,tri/ran--di$ ( a brok5 he>t1 & 0 buri$ 9 ! same *ur*1 b1 by ord] ( ! k+1 ! two graves 7 plac$ at a di/ance f ea* o!r4 ,soon1 h[ev]1 !re bur/ =? f ! tomb ( ,tri/ran a bran* ( ivy1 & ano!r f ! grave ( ,iseult2 ^! %oots gradually gr[+ upw>ds1 until at la/ ! lov]s1 repres5t$ by ! cl++ ivy1 7 aga9 unit$ b5ea? ! vault$ ro( ( heav54#b ,!n1 aga91 ! cypress1 9 floral language1 d5otes m\rn+2 &1 z an emblem ( woe1 may be trac$ to ! famili> classical my? ( ,cyp>issus1 :o1 sorr[-/rick5 at hav+ sk9 8 fav\rite /ag1 0 trans=m$ into a cypress tree4 ,its om9\s & sad "* is ! subject ( con/ant allusion1 ,virgil hav+ introduc$ x into ! fun]al rites ( 8 h]oes4 ,%elley speaks ( ! unwept y\? :om no m\rn+ maid5s deck$1 ,) weep+ fl[]s1 or votive cypress wrea?1 ,! love-c\* ( 8 ev]la/+ sleep4 ,& ,byron describes ! cypress z1 ,d>k tree6 /ill sad :5 o!r's grief is fl$1 ,! only con/ant m\rn] o'er ! dead4 ,! laurel1 us$ = classic wrea?s1 has long be5 reg>d$ emblematical ( r5[n1 & ,tasso ?us addresses a laurel leaf 9 ! hair ( 8 mi/ress3-- ,o glad triumphant b\gh1 ,t n[ adorne/ conqu]+ *iefs1 & n[ ,clippe/ ! b[s ( ov]-rul+ k+s ,f victory to victory4 ,?us climb+ on ?r\gh all ! heights ( /ory1 ,f wor? to wor?1 & glory unto glory1 ,to f9i% all1 ,o g5tle & royal tree1 ,?\ reigne/ n[ ^u t fl\ri%+ head1 ,at ^: triumphant eyes love & our s\ls are l$4 ,l ! rose1 ! myrtle is ! emblem ( love1 hav+ be5 d$icat$ by ! ,greeks & ,romans to ,v5us1 9 ! vic9ity ( ^: temples myrtle-groves 7 plant$2 h5ce1 f "t immemorial1 ,sacr$ to ,v5us is ! myrtle %ade4 ,?is w expla9 its frequ5t use 9 bridal c]emonies on ! ,cont95t1 & its employm5t = ! w$d+ wrea? ( ! ,jewi% damsel4 ,h]rick1 m9dful ( its associations1 ?us apo/rophises ,v5us3-- ,goddess1 ,i d love a girl1 ,ruby lipp'd & too!d l pe>l2 ,if s be ,i may b prove ,lucky 9 ?is maid ,i love1 ,i w promise !re %all be ,myrtles (f]$ up to !e4 ,to ! same goddess 0 d$icat$ ! rose1 & its _w-wide reputation z ! fl[] ( love1 9 :i* "* x has be5 extoll$ by poets 9 anci5t & mod]n times1 ne$s no m ?an ref]5ce "h4 ,! olive indicates peace1 & z an emblem 0 giv5 to ,judi? :5 %e re/or$ peace to ! ,israelites by ! dea? ( ,hol(]nes4#c ,%akespe>e1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7,act i4 sc4 #e71 makes ,viola say3--,i br+ no ov]ture ( w>1 no taxation ( homage2 ,i hold ! olive 9 my h&2 my words are z full ( peace z ( matt]4 ,simil>ly1 ! palm1 :i*1 z ! symbol ( victory1 0 c>ri$ be=e ! conqu]or 9 triumphal processions1 is g5]ally reg>d$ z d5ot+ victory4 ,?us1 palm-bran*es 7 scatt]$ 9 ! pa? ( ,*ri/ ^u ,8 public entry into ,j]usalem2 &1 at ! pres5t day1 a palm-bran* is embroid]$ on ! lappet ( ! g[n ( a ,fr5* pr(essor1 to indicate t a ,univ]sity degree has be5 atta9$4#d ,"s fl[]s h become emblematical f _! curi\s *>act]i/ics4 ,?us1 ! balsam is held to be expressive ( impati5ce1 because its se$-pods :5 ripe curl up at ! slighte/ t\*1 & d>t =? _! se$s1 ) great viol5ce2 h5ce "o ( its popul> names1 t\*-me-n4 ,! wild anemone has be5 consid]$ indicative ( brevity1 because its fragile blossom is s quickly scatt]$ to ! w9d & lo/3-- ,! w9ds =bid ! fl[]s to fl\ri% long1 ,:i* owe to w9ds _! "n 9 ,grecian song4 ,! poppy1 f its somnif]\s effects1 has be5 made symbolic ( sleep & oblivion2 h5ce ,virgil calls x ! ,le!an poppy1 :il/ our old pa/oral poet1 ,william ,br[ne1 speaks ( x z sleep-br++ poppy4 ,! heliotrope d5otes devot$ atta*m5t1 f its hav+ be5 suppos$ to turn cont9ually t[>ds ! sun2 h5ce its "n1 signify+ ! sun & to turn4 ,! classic heliotrope mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) ! well-kn[n ,p]uvian heliotrope or *]ry-pie1 a plant ) small lilac-blue blossoms ( a delici\s fragrance4 ,x w\ld seem t _m ( ! fl[]s :i* _h ! reputation ( op5+ & %utt+ at ! sun's bidd+ 7 kn[n z heliotropes1 or sunfl[]s1 or turnesol4 ,%akespe>e alludes to !1 ,m>igold1 t goes to b$ ) ! sun1 ,& ) him rises weep+4 ,& ,moore1 describ+ its fai?ful con/ancy1 says3-- ,! sunfl[] turns on h] god :5 he sets ,! same look :i* %e did :5 he rose4 ,su* a fl[]1 writes ,mr4 ,ellacombe1 0 to old writ]s ! emblem ( con/ancy 9 affection & sympa?y 9 joy & sorr[1 ?\gh x 0 also ! emblem ( ! fawn+ c\rti]1 :o c only %9e :5 ev]y?+ is "r4 ,anyh[1 ! s-call$ heliotrope 0 ! subject ( con/ant symbolic allusion3-- ,! fl[]1 enam\r$ ( ! sun1 ,at 8 dep>ture hangs h] head & weeps1 ,& %r\ds h] sweetness up1 & keeps ,sad vigils1 l a cloi/]$ nun1 ,till 8 reviv+ ray appe>s1 ,wak+ h] beauty z he dries h] te>s4#e ,! asp51 f its tremul\s motion1 has be5 made symbolical ( fe>4 ,! re/less movem5t ( its leaves is produc$ by ! peculi> =m ( ! foot-/alks1 &1 inde$1 9 "s degree1 ! :ole tribe ( popl>s are subject to h _! leaves agitat$ by ! slighte/ breeze4#f ,ano!r mean+ assign$ to ! asp5 9 floral language is sc&al1 f an old say+ :i* affirm$ t its te>s 7 made f wom5's tongues--an allusion to :i* is made 9 ! subjo9$ rhyme by ,p4 ,hannay 9 ! ye> #afbb3-- ,! quak+ asp51 light & ?91 ,to ! air quick passage gives2 ,resembl+ /ill ,! trembl+ ill ,( tongues ( womank9d1 ,:i* nev] re/1 ,b /ill are pre/ ,to wave ) e w9d4 ,! almond1 aga91 is reg>d$ z expressive ( ha/e1 9 ref]5ce to its ha/y gr[? & e>ly maturity2 :ile ! ev5+ primrose1 f ! "t ( its blossoms exp&+1 indicates sil5t love--refra9+ f unclos+ h] cup ( paly gold until h] l[ly si/]s are rock$ into a balmy slumb]4 ,! bramble1 f its mann] ( gr[?1 has be5 *os5 z ! type ( l[l9ess2 & f ! fi]c5ess ) :i* x grasps ! pass]-by ) its /raggl+ prickly /ems1 z an emblem ( remorse4 ,f5nel 0 9 old5 times g5]ally consid]$ an inflammatory h]b1 & h5ce to eat cong] & f5nel 0 to eat two high & hot ?+s toge!r1 :i* 0 an act ( lib]t9ism4 ,?us 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7,act ii4 sc4 #d71 ,fal/aff says ( ,po9s1 ,he eats cong] & f5nel4 ,rosem>y =m]ly _h ! reputation ( /r5g!n+ ! memory1 & on ?is acc\nt 0 reg>d$ z a symbol ( remembrance4 ,?us1 accord+ to an old ballad3-- ,rosem>y is = remembrance ,betwe5 u day & night1 ,wi%+ t ,i may always h ,y pres5t 9 my sight4 ,& 9 ,hamlet1 :]e ,ophelia seems to be address+ ,la]tes1 %e says 7,act iv4 sc4 #e73-- ,!re's rosem>y1 t's = remembrance4 ,v]va91 f "t immemorial1 has be5 ! floral symbol ( en*antm5t1 ow+ to its hav+ be5 9 anci5t times mu* 9 reque/ = all k9ds ( div9ations & incantations4 ,virgil1 x may be rememb]$1 alludes to ?is plant z "o ( ! *>ms us$ by an en*antress3-- ,br+ runn+ wat]1 b9d ^? alt>s r\nd ,) fillets1 ) v]va9 /rew ! gr\nd4 ,p>sley1 accord+ to floral language1 has a d\ble signification1 d5ot+ fea/+ & dea?4 ,on fe/ive occasions ! ,greeks wore wrea?s ( p>sley1 & on _m o!r occasions x 0 employ$1 su* z at ! ,i/hmian games4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ?is plant 0 /rewn ov] ! bodies ( ! dead1 & deck$ _! graves4 ,! weep+ will[1 z ,mr4 ,+ram rem>ks1 is "o ( ^? natural emblems :i* be> _! florigraphical mean+ s palpably impress$ t _! signification is cle> at fir/ sight4 ,?is tree has always be5 reg>d$ z ! symbol ( sorr[1 & also ( =sak5 love4 ,9 ,*9a x is employ$ 9 sev]al rites1 hav+ f a remote p]iod be5 reg>d$ z a tok5 ( immortality4 ,z a symbol ( bitt]ness ! aloe has long be5 9 repute1 & z bitt] z aloes is a prov]bial expression1 d\btless d]iv$ f ! acid ta/e ( its juice4 ,ea/]n poets frequ5tly speak ( ?is plant z ! emblem ( bitt]ness2 a mean+ :i* mo/ fitly co9cides ) its prop]ties4 ,! lily ( ! valley has _h sev]al emblems conf]r$ ^u x1 ea* ( :i* is equally apposite4 ,?us 9 ref]5ce to ! bright hopeful season ( spr+1 9 :i* x blossoms1 x has be5 reg>d$ z symbolical ( ! return ( happ9ess1 :il/ its delicate p]fume has long be5 indicative ( sweetness1 a *>act]i/ic ?us beautifully describ$ by ,keats3-- ,no fl[] amid ! g>d5 fair] gr[s ,?an ! sweet lily ( ! l[ly vale1 ,! que5 ( fl[]s4 ,its p]fect sn[-:ite fl[] is ! emblem ( purity1 allusions to :i* we f9d num]\sly scatt]$ 9 ! lit]ature ( ! pa/4 ,"o ( ! emblems ( ! :ite popl> 9 floral language is "t1 because its leaves appe> always 9 motion1 & be+ ( a dead blacki%-gre5 above1 & :ite bel[1 writes ,mr4 ,+ram1 !y 7 deem$ by ! anci5ts to indicate ! alt]nation ( night & day4 ,aga91 ! plane-tree has be5 f e>ly times made ! symbol ( g5ius & magnific5ce2 = 9 old5 times philosoph]s taught b5ea? its bran*es1 :i* acquir$ = x a reputation z "o ( ! seats ( le>n+4 ,f its beauty & size x obta9$ a figurative mean+2 & ! arbutus or /rawb]ry-tree 7,arbutus un$o7 is ! symbol ( insep>able love1 & ! n>cissus d5otes self-love1 f ! /ory ( ,n>cissus1 :o1 enam\r$ ( 8 own beauty1 became spell-b\nd to ! spot1 :]e he p9$ to dea?4 ,%elley describes x z "o ( ! fl[]s gr[+ ) ! s5sitive plant 9 t g>d5 :]e3-- ,! pi$ w9d fl[]s & ! tulip tall1 ,& n>cissi1 ! faire/ among !m all1 ,:o gaze on _! eyes 9 ! /ream's recess1 ,till !y die at _! own de> lovel9ess4 ,! sycamore implies curiosity1 f ,zac*aeus1 :o climb$ up into ?is tree to witness ! triumphal entry ( ,*ri/ into ,j]usalem2 & f "t immemorial ! violet has be5 ! emblem ( con/ancy3-- ,violet is = fai?fulness1 ,:i* 9 me %all abide1 ,hop+ likewise t f y\r he>t ,y w n let x hide4 ,9 "s cases fl[]s seem to h d]iv$ _! symbolism f c]ta9 ev5ts associat$ ) !m4 ,?us ! p]iw9kle signifies e>ly recollections1 or pleasures ( memory1 9 connection ) :i* ,r\sseau tells u h[1 z ,madame ,w>5s & himself 7 proce$+ to ,*>mattes1 %e 0 /ruck by ! appe>ance ( "s ( ^! blue fl[]s 9 ! h$ge1 & exclaim$1 ,"h is ! p]iw9kle /ill 9 fl[]4 ,?irty ye>s aft]w>ds ! sight ( ! p]iw9kle 9 fl[] c>ri$ 8 memory back to ?is occasion1 & he inadv]t5tly cri$1 ,ah1 !re is ! p]iw9kle4 ,incid5ts ( ! k9d h orig9at$ _m ( ! symbols f\nd 9 plant language1 & at ! same "t inve/$ !m ) a peculi> hi/oric int]e/4 ,once m1 plant language1 x has be5 rem>k$1 is "o ( ^? b9d+ l9ks :i* connects ! s5tim5ts & feel+s ( "o c\ntry ) ano!r2 al?\gh x may be1 9 o!r respects1 ^! communities h little 9 common4 ,?us1 z ,mr4 ,+ram rem>ks 9 ! introduction to 8 ,flora ,symbolica 7p4 #ab71 f ! unlett]$ ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian to ! highly poli%$ ,p>isian2 f ! days ( dawn+ among ! mighty ,asiatic races1 ^: v names are buri$ 9 oblivion1 d[n to ! pres5t times1 ! symbolism ( fl[]s is ev]y:]e & 9 all ages discov]$ p]meat+ all /rata ( society4 ,x has be51 & /ill is1 ! habit ( _m peoples to "n ! diff]5t portions ( ! ye> aft] ! mo/ prom95t *anges ( ! vegetable k+dom4 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! language ( fl[]s is said to h m vot>ies ?an 9 any o!r "p ( ! _w1 _m works relative to :i* h be5 publi%$ 9 rec5t ye>s4 ,inde$1 ! subject w always be a popul> "o2 = fur!r details illu/rative ( :i* ! read] w\ld d well to consult ,mr4 ,h4,g4 ,adams's useful "w on ! ,moral ,language & ,poetry ( ,fl[]s1 n to m5tion ! con/ant allusions scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! works ( our old poets1 su* z ,%akespe>e1 ,*auc]1 & ,drayton4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,introduction1 p4 #ab4 #b4 ,folk>d's ,plant ,leg5ds1 p4 #chi4 #c4 ,see ,judi? xv4 #ac4 #d4 ,fl[]-lore1 pp4 #aig-h4 #e4 ,plant-lore ( ,%akespe>e4 #f4 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #afh4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,fabul\s ,,plants4 ,! curi\s traditions ( imag9>y plants f\nd among/ mo/ nations h p>tly a purely my?ological orig94 ,frequ5tly1 too1 !y may be attribut$ to ! exagg]at$ acc\nts giv5 by old travell]s1 :o1 influ5c$ by a desire to make !mselves fam\s1 h gone s f> z to pret5d t !y saw ^! fanci$ objects4 ,anyh[1 f :atev] s\rce sprung1 ^! productions ( ignorance & sup]/ition h f a v e>ly p]iod be5 firmly cr$it$4 ,b1 l ! acc\nts giv5 u ( fabul\s animals1 !y h long ago be5 ackn[l$g$ z survivals ( popul> errors1 :i* ow$ _! exi/5ce to ! abs5ce ( botanical k4 ,we h else:]e ref]r$ to ! great _w tree1 & ( ! primitive idea ( a human desc5t f trees4 ,inde$1 accord+ to ! e>ly & uncultur$ belief ( c]ta9 communities1 !re 7 v>i\s k9ds ( animal-produc+ trees1 acc\nts ( :i* are v curi\s4 ,among ^! may be m5tion$ ! vegetable lamb1 conc]n+ :i* old5 writ]s h giv5 ! mo/ m>vell\s description4 ,?us ,sir ,john ,maundeville1 :o 9 8 ,voyage & ,travel has record$ _m m>vell\s sights :i* ei!r came "u 8 notice1 or 7 report$ to him dur+ 8 travels1 has n omitt$ to speak ( ?is rem>kable tree4 ,?us1 to quote 8 words3--,!re gr[e? a mann] ( fruit z ?\gh x 7 g\rdes2 & :5 !y be ripe m5 cut !m 9 two1 & m5 f9d )9 a little bea/1 9 fle%1 9 bone1 & blood--z ?\gh x 7 a little lamb )\t5 wolle--& m5 eat bo? ! fruit & ! bea/1 & t is a great m>vel2 ( t fruit ,i h eat5 al?\gh x 7 wond]ful2 b t ,i "k well t ,god is m>vell\s 9 ,8 works4 ,v>i\s acc\nts h be5 giv5 ( ?is wondr\s plant1 & 9 ,p>k9son's ,p>adisus x is repres5t$ z "o ( ! plants :i* grew 9 ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed54 ,its local "n is ! ,scy?ian or ,t>t>ian ,lamb2 &1 z x gr[s1 x might at a %ort di/ance be tak5 = an animal r ?an a vegetable production4 ,x is "o ( ! g5us ,polypodium2 root decumb5t1 ?ickly clo!d ) a v s(t close hoal1 ( a deep yell[ col\r4 ,x is also call$ by ! ,t>t>s ,b>ometz1 & a ,*9ese nickname is ,ruf\s dog4 ,mr4 ,bell1 9 8 ,j\rney to ,ispahan1 ?us describes a specim5 :i* he saw3--,x seem$ to be made by art to imitate a lamb4 ,x is said to eat up & dev\r all ! grass & we$s )9 its rea*4 ,?\gh x may be ?\ght t an op9ion s v absurd c\ld nev] f9d cr$it ) p ( ! meane/ und]/&+1 yet ,i h conv]s$ ) "s :o 7 mu* incl9$ to believe x2 s v preval5t is ! prodigi\s & absurd ) "s "p ( mank9d4 ,among ! m s5sible & exp]i5c$ ,t>t>s1 ,i f\nd !y laugh$ at x z a ridicul\s fable4 ,blood 0 said to fl[ f x :5 cut or injur$1 a sup]/ition :i* probably orig9at$ 9 ! fact t ! fre% root :5 cut yields a t5aci\s gum l ! blood ( animals4 ,dr4 ,d>w91 9 8 ,loves ( ! ,plants1 adopts ! fable ?us3-- ,e'en r\nd ! pole ! flames ( love aspire1 ,& icy bosoms feel ! sacr$ fire1 ,cradl$ 9 sn[1 & fann$ by arctic air1 ,%9es1 g5tle ,b>ometz1 ! gold5 hair2 ,re/$ 9 e>?1 ea* clov5 ho( desc5ds1 ,& r\nd & r\nd h] flexile neck %e b5ds4 ,crops ( ! grey coral moss1 & ho>y ?yme1 ,or laps ) rosy tongue ! melt+ rime1 ,eyes ) mute t5d]ness h] di/ant dam1 ,or seems to bleat a vegetable lamb4 ,ano!r curi\s fiction preval5t 9 old5 times 0 t ( ! b>nacle-tree1 to :i* ,sir ,john ,maundeville also alludes3--,9 our c\ntry 7 trees t be> a fruit t becomes fly+ birds2 ^? t fell 9 ! wat] liv$1 & ^? t fell on ! e>? di$1 & ^! be "r good = man's meat4 ,z e>ly z ! twelf? c5tury ?is idea 0 promulgat$ by ,giraldus ,cambr5sis 9 8 ,topographia ,hib]niae2 & ,g]>de 9 8 ,h]ball1 or ,g5]al ,hi/ory ( ,plants1 publi%$ 9 ! ye> #aeig1 n>rates ! foll[+3--,!re are f\nd 9 ! nor? p>ts ( ,scotl&1 & ! isles adjac5t1 call$ ,orcades1 c]ta9 trees1 :]eon d gr[ small fi%es1 ( a :ite col\r1 t5d+ to russet1 :]e9 are conta9$ little liv+ creatures2 :i* %ells1 9 "t ( maturity1 d op51 & out ( !m gr[ ^? little liv+ ?+s :i*1 fall+ into ! wat]1 d become f[ls1 :om we call b>nacles1 9 ! nor? ( ,engl& brant-geese1 & 9 ,lanca%ire tree-geese2 b ! o!rs t d fall ^u ! l& p]i%1 & d come to no?+4 ,b1 l _m o!r popul> fictions1 ?is notion 0 f\nd$ on tru?1 & probably orig9at$ 9 mi/ak+ ! fle%y p$uncle ( ! b>nacle 7,lepas analif]a7 = ! neck ( a goose1 ! %ell = its head1 & ! t5tacula = a tuft ( fea!r4 ,!re 7 _m v]sions ( ?is ecc5tric my?1 & accord+ to "o modification giv5 by ,boce1 ! olde/ ,scotti% hi/orian1 ^! b>nacle-geese are fir/ produc$ 9 ! =m ( worms 9 old trees1 & fur!r adds t su* a tree 0 ca/ on %ore 9 ! ye> #adhj1 :5 !re appe>$1 on its be+ sawn asund]1 a multitude ( worms1 ?r[+ !mselves out ( sundry holes & pores ( ! tree2 "s ( !m 7 nude1 z !y 7 new %ap52 "s _h bo? head1 feet1 & w+s1 b !y _h no fea!rs2 "s ( !m 7 p]fect %ap5 f[ls4 ,at la/1 ! p hav+ ?is tree ea* day 9 m admiration1 br\ght x to ! kirk ( ,/4 ,&rew's1 beside ! t[n ( ,tyre1 :]e x yet rema9s to our day4 ,du ,b>tas ?us describes ! v>i\s trans=mations ( ?is bird3-- ,s1 sl[e ,botes und]nea? him sees1 ,9 ?' ycie iles1 ^? gosl+s hat*t ( trees2 ,^: fruitful leaves1 fall+ into ! wat]1 ,are turn'd1 !y say1 to liv+ f[ls soon aft]4 ,s1 rott5 sides ( brok5 %ips d *ange ,to b>nacles2 ,o trans=mation *ange1 ',twas fir/ a gre5 tree1 !n a gallant hull1 ,lately a mu%room1 n[ a fly+ gull4 ,mey] wrote a treatise on ?is /range bird )\t fa!r or "m1 & ,sir ,rob]t ,murray1 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions1 says t1 ^! %ells are hung at ! tree by a neck1 long] ?an ! %ell1 ( a filmy sub/ance1 r\nd & holl[ & creas$1 n unlike ! w9dpipe ( a *ick51 spread+ out broade/ :]e x is fa/5$ to ! tree1 f :i* x seems to draw & convey ! matt] :i* s]ves = ! gr[? & vegetation ( ! %ell & ! little bird )9 x4 ,9 e %ell t ,i op5$1 he adds1 ,i f\nd a p]fect sea-f[l2 ! little bill l t ( a goose1 ! eyes m>k$2 ! head1 neck1 brea/1 w+1 tail1 & feet =m$2 ! fea!rs ev]y:]e p]fectly %ap$1 & ! feet l ^? ( o!r wat]-f[l4 ,! ,*9ese h a tradition ( c]ta9 trees1 ! leaves ( :i* 7 f9ally *ang$ into birds4 ,) ?is /ory may be comp>$ t ( ! oy/]-be>+ tree1 :i* ,bi%op ,fleetwood describes 9 8 ,curiosities ( ,agriculture & ,g>d5+1 writt5 9 ! ye> #agjg4 ,! oy/]s z se51 he says1 by ! ,dom9ican ,du ,t]tre1 at ,guadal\pe1 grew on ! bran*es ( trees1 &1 are n l>g] ?an ! little ,engli% oy/]s1 t is to say1 ab\t ! size ( a cr[n-piece4 ,!y /ick to ! bran*es t hang 9 ! wat] ( a tree call$ ,p>etuvi]4 ,no d\bt ! se$ ( ! oy/]s1 :i* is %$ 9 ! tree :5 !y spawn1 cleaves to ^? bran*es1 s t ! oy/]s =m !mselves !re1 & gr[ bigg] 9 process ( "t1 & by _! weight b5d d[n ! bran*es into ! sea1 & !n are refre%$ twice a day by ! flux & reflux ( x4 ,kir*] speaks ( a tree 9 ,*ili1 ! leaves ( :i* br\ght =? a c]ta9 k9d ( worm1 :i* ev5tually became *ang$ into s]p5ts2 & describes a plant :i* grew 9 ! ,molucca ,isl&s1 nicknam$ catopa1 on acc\nt ( its leaves :5 fall+ (f be+ trans=m$ into butt]flies4 ,among "s ( ! _m o!r equally wond]ful plants may be m5tion$ ! /ony wood1 :i* is ?us describ$ by ,g]>de3--,be+ at ,rugby1 ab\t su* "t z our fanta/ic p did ) great conc\rse & multitudes repair & run headlong unto ! sacr$ wells ( ,newnam ,regis1 9 ! edge ( ,w>wick%ire1 z unto ! ,wat]s ( ,life1 :i* c\ld cure all diseases4 ,he visit$ ^! heal+-wells1 :]e he1 f\nd gr[+ ov] ! same a fair a%-tree1 ^: b\ghs did hang ov] ! spr+ ( wat]1 :]e( "s t 7 se>e & rott51 & "s t ( purpose 7 brok5 (f1 fell into ! wat] & 7 all turn$ into /one4 ,( ^!1 b\ghs1 or p>ts ( ! tree1 ,i br\ght into ,london1 :i*1 :5 ,i _h brok5 into pieces1 !re9 might be se5 t ! pi? & all ! re/ 0 turn$ into /ones1 /ill rema9+ ! same %ape & fa%ion t !y 7 ( be=e !y 7 9 ! wat]4 ,simil>ly1 ,sir ,john ,maundeville notices ! ,dead ,sea fruit--fruit f\nd on ! apple-trees ne> ! ,dead ,sea4 ,to quote 8 own words3-- ,!re be full fair apples1 & fair ( col\r to behold2 b :oso breake? !m or cutte? !m 9 two1 he %all f9d )9 !m coals & c9d]s1 9 tok5 t by ! wra? ( ,god1 ! city & ! l& 7 burnt & sunk5 into hell4 ,speak+ ( ! _m leg5d>y tales connect$ ) ! apple1 may be m5tion$ ! gold5 apples :i* ,h]a receiv$ at h] m>riage ) ,zeus1 & plac$ "u ! gu>dian%ip ( ! dragon ,ladon1 9 ! g>d5 ( ! ,hesp]ides4 ,! nor!rn ,iduna kept gu>d$ ! sacr$ apples :i*1 by a t\*1 re/or$ ! ag$ gods to y\?2 & accord+ to ,sir ,j4 ,maundeville1 ! apples ( ,pyban f$ ! pigmies ) _! smell only4 ,?is rem9ds u ( ! s++ apple 9 ! fairy romance1 :i* w\ld p]suade by its smell alone1 & enable ! possessor to write poetry or prose1 & to display ! mo/ accompli%$ wit2 & ( ! s++ tree 9 ! ,arabian ,nights1 ea* leaf ( :i* 0 musical1 all ! leaves jo9+ toge!r 9 a delightful h>mony4 ,b peculi>ities ( ?is k9d are v v>i$1 & =m an ext5sive section 9 ,plant-lore2--v _m curi\s examples be+ f\nd 9 old travels1 & relat$ ) e semblance ( tru?4 ,9 "s in/ances trees h obta9$ a fabul\s "* f be+ connect$ ) c]ta9 ev5ts4 ,?us !re 0 ! ble$+ tree4#a ,x appe>s t "o ( ! indictm5ts laid to ! *>ge ( ! ,m>quis ( ,argyll 0 ?is3--,t a tree on :i* ?irty-six ( 8 enemies 7 hang$ 0 imm$iately bla/$1 & :5 hewn d[n1 a copi\s /ream ( blood ran f x1 saturat+ ! e>?1 & t blood = sev]al ye>s 0 emitt$ f ! roots4 ,!n !re is ! poet's tree1 :i* gr[s ov] ! tomb ( ,tan-,se91 a musician at ! c\rt ( ,mohamm$ ,akb>4 ,:oev] *ews a leaf ( ?is tree 0 long said to be inspir$ ) sweet melody ( voice1 an allusion to :i* is made by ,moore1 9 ,lalla ,kookh33--,8 voice 0 sweet1 z if he _h *ew$ ! leaves ( t en*ant$ tree :i* gr[s ov] ! tomb ( ! musician ,tan-,se94 ,! r>e b occasional occurr5ce ( vegetation 9 c]ta9 trees & %rubs1 happ5+ to take place at ! p]iod ( ,*ri/'s bir?1 gave rise to ! belief t su* trees ?rew out _! leaves ) a holy joy to commemorate t anniv]s>y4 ,an oak ( ! e>ly budd+ species = two c5turies enjoy$ su* a notoriety1 hav+ be5 said to %oot =? its leaves on old ,*ri/mas ,day1 no leaf be+ se5 ei!r be=e or aft] t day dur+ w9t]4 ,!re 0 ! fam\s ,gla/onbury ?orn1 & 9 ! same locality a walnut tree 0 report$ nev] to put =? its leaves be=e ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,b>nabas1 ! #aa? ,june4 ,! monki% leg5d runs ?us3 ,joseph ( ,arima?aea1 aft] l&+ at no great di/ance f ,gla/onbury1 walk$ to a hill ab\t a mile f ! t[n4 ,be+ we>y he sat d[n "h ) 8 companions1 ! hill h5ce=? be+ nicknam$ ,we>y-,all-,hill1 locally abbreviat$ into ,w]ral4 ,:il/ re/+ ,joseph /ruck 8 /aff into ! gr\nd1 :i* took root1 grew1 & blossom$ e ,*ri/mas ,day4 ,previ\s to ! "t ( ,*>les ,i a bran* ( ?is fam\s tree 0 c>ri$ 9 procession1 ) mu* c]emony1 at ,*ri/mas "t1 b dur+ ! ,civil ,w> ! tree 0 cut d[n4 ,_m plants1 aga91 z ! ,sesame ( ! ,arabian ,nights1 _h ! p[] ( op5+ doors & procur+ an entrance into cav]ns & m\nta9 sides--a survival ( :i* we f9d 9 ! primrose or key-fl[] ( ,g]man leg5d4 ,simil>ly1 o!r plants1 su* z ! gold5-rod1 h be5 r5[n$ = po9t+ to hidd5 spr+s ( wat]1 & reveal+ treasures ( gold & silv]4 ,su* fabul\s prop]ties h be5 also assign$ to ! hazel-bran*1 popul>ly designat$ ! div9+-rod3-- ,"s sorc]]s d boa/ !y h a rod1 ,ga!r'd ) v[s & sacrifice1 ,&1 borne al(t1 w /rangely nod ,! hidd5 treasure :]e x lies4 ,) plants ( ! k9d we may comp>e ! wond]-work+ moonwort 7,botry*ium lun>ia71 :i* 0 said to op5 locks & to un%oe horses t trod on x1 a notion :i* ,du ,b>tas ?us m5tions 9 8 ,div9e ,weekes-- ,horses t1 fe$+ on ! grassy hills1 ,tread ^u moonwort ) _! holl[ heels1 ,?\gh lately %od1 at night g b>efoot home1 ,_! mai/] mus+ :]e _! %oes become4 ,o moonwort6 tell me :]e ?\ bid'/ ! smi?1 ,hamm] & p9*]s1 ?\ un%odd'/ !m )4 ,alas6 :at lock or iron eng9e is't1 ,t c ?y subtle secret /r5g? resi/1 ,/ill ! be/ f>ri] _c set a %oe ,s sure1 b ?\ 7s %ortly7 can/ undo4 ,! bla/+-root1 kn[n 9 ,g]many z spr+-wurzel1 & by u z spr+-wort1 possesses simil> virtues1 = :atev] lock is t\*$ by x mu/ yield4 ,x is no easy matt] to f9d ?is magic plant1 b1 accord+ to a piece ( popul> folk-lore1 x is obta9$ by means ( ! woodpeck]4 ,:5 ?is bird visits its ne/1 x mu/ h be5 previ\sly plugg$ up ) wood1 to remove :i* x goes 9 se>* ( ! spr+-wort4 ,on hold+ ?is be=e ! ne/ ! wood %oots out f ! tree z if driv5 by ! mo/ viol5t =ce4 ,mean:ile1 a r$ clo? mu/ be plac$ ne> ! ne/1 :i* w s sc>e ! woodpeck] t x w let ! fabul\s root drop4 ,!re are sev]al v]sions ( ?is tradition4 ,accord+ to ,pl9y ! bird is ! rav52 9 ,swabia x is ! hoopoe1 & 9 ,switz]l& ! swall[4 ,9 ,russia1 !re is a plant gr[+ 9 m>%y l&1 kn[n z ! rasir-trava1 :i* :5 appli$ to locks causes !m to op5 in/antly4 ,9 ,icel& simil> prop]ties are ascrib$ to ! h]b-p>is1 !re kn[n z lasa-grass4 ,accord+ to a piece ( ,breton lore1 ! selago1 or clo? ( gold1 _c be cut ) /eel )\t ! sky d>k5+ & "s disa/] tak+ place3-- ,! h]b ( gold is cut2 a cl\d ,across ! sky ha? spread its %r\d ,to w>4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if prop]ly ga!r$ ) due c]emony1 x conf]r$ ! p[] ( und]/&+ ! language ( bea/ or bird4#b ,z f> back z ! "t ( ,pl9y1 we h directions = ! ga!r+ ( ?is magic plant4 ,! p]son pluck+ x 0 to g b>efoot1 ) feet wa%$1 clad 9 :ite1 aft] hav+ (f]$ a sacrifice ( bread & w9e4 ,ano!r plant :i* _h to be ga!r$ ) special =malities 0 ! magic m&ragora4 ,x 0 commonly report$ to %riek 9 su* a hide\s mann] :5 pull$ out ( ! e>? t1 ,liv+ mortals he>+ !m run mad4 ,h5ce1 v>i\s precautions 7 adopt$4 ,accord+ to ,pl9y1 ,:5 !y int5d$ to take up ! root ( ?is plant1 !y took ! w9d !re(1 & ) a sword describ+ ?ree circles ab\t x1 !y digg$ x up1 look+ t[>ds ! we/4 ,ano!r old au?ority in=ms u t he ,:o w\ld take x up1 9 common prud5ce %\ld tie a dog to x to accompli% 8 purpose1 z if he did x himself1 he w\ld %ortly die4 ,moore gives ?is w>n+3-- ,! phantom %apes--oh1 t\* !m n ,t appal ! maid5's sight1 ,look 9 ! fle%y m&rake's /em1 ,t %rieks :5 pluck$ at night4 ,to quote "o or two m illu/rations1 we may m5tion ! fam\s lily at ,lau5b]g1 :i* is said to h sprung up :5 a poor & beautiful girl 0 spirit$ away out ( ! clut*es ( a dissolute b>on4 ,x made its appe>ance annually1 an ev5t :i* 0 await$ ) mu* int]e/ by ! inhabitants ( ! ,h>tz1 _m ( :om made a pilgrimage to behold x4 ,!y return$ to _! homes1 x is said1 ov]p[]$ by its dazzl+ beauty1 & ass]t+ t its spl5d\r 0 s great t x %$ beams ( light on ! valley bel[4 ,simil>ly1 we are told h[ ! common break-f]n fl[]s b once a ye>1 at midnight1 on ,mi*aelmas ,eve1 :5 x displays a small blue fl[]1 :i* vani%es at ! approa* ( dawn4 ,accord+ to a piece ( folk-lore curr5t 9 ,bohemia & ! ,tyrol1 ! f]n-se$ %9es l glitt]+ gold at ! season1 s t !re is no *ance ( miss+ its appe>ance1 especially z x has its sundry my/ic prop]ties :i* are describ$ else:]e4 ,pr(essor ,mannh>dt relates a /range leg5d curr5t 9 ,meckl5burg to ! effect t 9 a c]ta9 seclud$ & b>r5 spot1 :]e a murd] _h be5 committ$1 !re gr[s up e day at noon a peculi>ly-%ap$ ?i/le1 unlike any o!r ( its k9d4 ,on inspection !re are to be se5 human arms1 h&s1 & heads1 & z soon z twelve heads h appe>$1 ! weird plant vani%es4 ,x is fur!r add$ t on "o occasion a %eph]d happ5$ to pass ! my/]i\s spot :]e ! ?i/le 0 gr[+1 :5 in/antly 8 arms 7 p>alys$ & 8 /aff became t9d]4 ,acc\nts ( ^! fabul\s trees & plants h 9 ye>s gone be5 v num]\s1 & h n yet :olly di$ out1 surviv+ 9 ! leg5d>y tales ( mo/ c\ntries4 ,9 "s in/ances1 too1 x w\ld seem t c]ta9 trees l animals h ga9$ a notoriety1 purely fabul\s1 ?r\gh trick]y & cr$ulity4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury1 = in/ance1 !re 0 ! groan+-tree at ,badesly1 :i* creat$ consid]able s5sation4 ,x appe>s t a cottag]1 :o liv$ 9 ! village ( ,badesly1 two miles f ,lym+ton1 frequ5tly he>d a /range noise beh9d 8 h\se1 l a p]son 9 extreme agony4 ,= ab\t tw5ty mon?s ?is tree 0 an object ( a/oni%m5t1 & at la/ ! own] ( ! tree1 9 ord] to discov] ! cause ( its suppos$ suff]+s1 bor$ a hole 9 ! trunk4 ,aft] ?is op]ation x ceas$ to groan1 x 0 root$ up1 b no?+ appe>$ to acc\nt = its /range peculi>ity4 ,/ories ( ?is k9d rem9d u ( simil> wond]s record$ by ,sir ,john ,maundeville1 z hav+ be5 se5 by him 9 ! c\rse ( 8 ,ea/]n travels4 ,?us he describes a c]ta9 table ( ebony or blackwood1 t once us$ to turn into fle% on c]ta9 occasions1 b :5ce n[ drops only oil1 :i*1 if kept above a ye>1 becomes good fle% & bone4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,la+'s ,hi/ory ( ,scotl&1 #ahjj1 ii4 p4 ,,ii4 #b4 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #df4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,signatures4 ,! old m$ical !ory1 :i* suppos$ t plants by _! ext]nal "* indicat$ ! p>ticul> diseases = :i* ,nature _h int5d$ !m z rem$ies1 0 simply a developm5t ( ! mu* old] notion ( a real connection betwe5 object & image4 ,?us1 on ?is pr9ciple1 x 0 ass]t$ t ! prop]ties ( sub/ances 7 frequ5tly d5ot$ by _! col\r2 h5ce1 :ite 0 reg>d$ z refrig]ant1 & r$ z hot4 ,9 ! same way1 = disord]s ( ! blood1 burnt purple1 pomegranate se$s1 mulb]ries1 & o!r r$ +r$i5ts 7 dissolv$ 9 ! pati5t's dr9k2 & = liv] compla9ts yell[ sub/ances 7 recomm5d$4 ,b ?is fanciful & errone\s notion l$ to s]i\s errors 9 practice1 #a & 0 occasionally productive ( ! mo/ fatal results4 ,al?\gh1 inde$1 ,pl9y spoke ( ! folly ( ! magicians 9 us+ ! catanance 7,greek3 katanhankae1 compulsion7 = love-potions1 on acc\nt ( its %r9k+ 9 dry+ into ! %ape ( ! claws ( a dead kite1 #b & s hold+ ! pati5t fa/2 yet ?is primitive idea1 aft] ! lapse ( c5turies1 0 z fully cr$it$ z 9 ! e>ly days :5 x 0 orig9ally />t$4 ,?r\gh\t ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies1 = in/ance1 x is notic$ 9 mo/ m$ical works1 & 9 _m cases treat$ ) a s]i\sness *>act]i/ic ( ! backw>d /ate ( m$ical sci5ce ev5 at a p]iod s comp>atively rec5t4 ,crollius wrote a "w on ! subject2 & ,langham1 9 8 ,g>d5 ( ,heal?1 publi%$ 9 ! ye> #aegh1 accept$ ! doctr9e4 ,coles1 9 8 ,art ( ,simpl+ 7#afef71 ?us describes x3-- ,?\gh s9 & ,satan h plung$ mank9d into an ocean ( infirmities1 yet ! m]cy ( ,god1 :i* is ov] all ,8 workes1 make? grasse to gr[e ^u ! m\nta9s & h]bes = ! use ( m51 & ha? n only /amp$ ^u !m a di/9ct =me1 b also giv5 !m p>ticul> signatures1 :]eby a man may read ev5 9 legible *>act]s ! use ( !m4 ,john ,ray1 9 8 treatise on ,! ,wisdom ( ,god 9 ,creation1 0 among ! fir/ to express 8 disbelief ( ?is idea1 & writes3--,z = ! signatures ( plants1 or ! notes impress$ ^u !m z notices ( _! virtues1 "s lay great /ress ^u !m1 acc\nt+ !m /rong argum5ts to prove t "s und]/&+ pr9ciple is ! highe/ orig9al ( ! "w ( ,nature1 z inde$ !y 7 c\ld x be c]ta9ly made to appe> t !re 7 su* m>ks design$ly set ^u !m1 because all t ,i f9d m5tion$ by au?ors seem to be r fanci$ by m5 ?an design$ by ,nature to signify1 or po9t out1 any su* virtues1 or qualities1 z !y w\ld make u believe4 ,8 views1 h[ev]1 are some:at contradictory1 inasmu* z he goes on to say t1 ! noxi\s & malignant plants d1 _m ( !m1 discov] some?+ ( _! nature by ! sad & melan*olick visage ( _! leaves1 fl[]s1 or fruit4 ,& t ,i may n leave t head :olly unt\*$1 "o obs]vation ,i %all add relat+ to ! virtues ( plants1 9 :i* ,i ?9k !re is some?+ ( tru?--t is1 t !re are ( ! wise disp5sation ( ,provid5ce su* species ( plants produc$ 9 e c\ntry z are made prop] & conv5i5t = ! meat & m$ic9e ( ! m5 & animals t are br$ & inhabit !re94 ,inde$1 h[ev] mu* _m ( ! botani/s ( bygone c5turies might try to discr$it ?is popul> delusion1 !y d n seem to h be5 :olly free f its influ5ce !mselves4 ,"s e/imate1 also1 ( ! prom95ce :i* ! doctr9e ( signatures obta9$ may be ga!r$ f ! frequ5t allusions to x 9 ! lit]ature ( ! p]iod4 ,?us1 to take "o illu/ration1 ! euphrasia or eye-bright 7,euphrasia (fic9alis71 :i* 01 & is1 suppos$ to be good = ! eye1 ow+ to a black pupil-l spot 9 its corolla1 is notic$ by ,milton1 :o1 x may be rememb]$1 repres5ts ! ar*angel z cle>+ ! vision ( our fir/ p>5ts by its means3-- ,!n purg$ ) euphrasy & rue ,8 visual orbs1 = he _h mu* to see4 ,sp5s] speaks ( x 9 ! same /ra93-- ,yet euphrasie may n be left unsung1 ,t gives dim eyes to w&] leagues ar\nd4 ,& ,?omson says3-- ,if %e1 :om ,i implore1 ,urania1 deign ,) euphrasy to purge away ! mi/s1 ,:i*1 humid1 dim ! mirror ( ! m9d4 ,) ref]5ce to its use 9 mod]n times1 ,anne ,pratt#c tells u h[1 on go+ into a small %op 9 ,dov]1 %e saw a quantity ( ! plant susp5d$ f ! ceil+1 & 0 in=m$ t x 0 ga!r$ & dri$ z be+ good = weak eyes2 & 9 _m ( our rural di/ricts ,i le>n t ! same value is /ill atta*$ to x by ! peasantry4 ,aga91 x is int]e/+ to obs]ve h[1 "u a v>iety ( =ms1 ?is piece ( sup]/ition has prevail$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w4 ,by virtue ( a simil> association ( ideas1 = in/ance1 ! g9-s5g #d 0 said by ! ,*9ese & ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians to possess c]ta9 virtues :i* 7 d$uc$ f ! %ape ( ! root1 suppos$ to resemble ! human body #e--;a plant ) :i* may be comp>$ our m&rake4 ,! ,romans ( old _h _! rock-break+ plant call$ saxifraga or sassafras2 #f & we "k 9 lat] times h[ ! granulat$ roots ( our :ite mead[ saxifrage 7,saxifraga granulata71 resembl+ small /ones1 7 suppos$ to indicate its efficacy 9 ! cure ( calcul\s compla9ts4 ,h5ce "o ( its names1 /onebreak4 ,! /ony se$s ( ! gromwell 71 also1 us$ 9 cases ( /one--a plant =m]ly kn[n z li*wale1 or1 z 9 a ,,ms4 ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 ly!wale1 /one-swit*4 #g ,9 accordance1 also1 ) ! same pr9ciple x 0 once g5]ally believ$ t ! se$s ( f]ns 7 ( an invisible sort1 & h5ce1 by a transf]5ce ( prop]ties1 x came to be admitt$ t ! possessor ( f]n-se$ c\ld likewise be invisible--a notion :i* obta9$ an ext5sive curr5cy on ! ,cont95t4 ,z special good-luck 0 said to att5d ! individual :o succe$$ 9 obta9+ ?is my/ic se$1 x 0 eag]ly s\ght =--,midsumm] ,eve be+ "o ( ! occasions :5 x c\ld be mo/ easily procur$4 ,?us ,grimm1 9 8 ,teutonic ,my?ology1 #h relates h[ a man 9 ,we/phalia 0 look+ on ,midsumm] night = a foal he _h lo/1 & happ5$ to pass ?r\gh a mead[ j z ! f]n-se$ 0 rip5+1 s t x fell into 8 %oes4 ,9 ! morn+ he w5t home1 walk$ into ! sitt+-room & sat d[n1 b ?\ght x /range t nei!r 8 wife nor any ( ! family took ! lea/ notice ( him4 ,i h n f\nd ! foal1 said he4 ,!reupon ev]ybody 9 ! room />t$ & look$ al>m$1 = !y he>d 8 voice b saw him n4 ,8 wife !n call$ him1 ?9k+ he mu/ h hid himself1 b he only repli$1 ,:y d y call me8 ,"h ,i am "r be=e y4 ,at la/ he became aw>e t he 0 invisible1 &1 rememb]+ h[ he _h walk$ 9 ! mead[ on ! prec$+ ev5+1 x /ruck him t he might possibly h f]n-se$ 9 8 %oes4 ,s he took !m (f1 & z he %ook !m ! f]n-se$ dropp$ out1 & he 0 no long] invisible4 ,!re are num]\s /ories ( ?is k9d2 &1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,kuhn1 "o me?od = obta9+ ! f]n-se$ 01 at ! summ] sol/ice1 to %oot at ! sun :5 x _h atta9$ its midday height4 ,if ?is 7 done1 ?ree drops ( blood w\ld fall1 :i* 7 to be ga!r$ up & pres]v$--?is be+ ! f]n-se$4 ,9 ,bohemia1 #i on old ,/4 ,john's ,night 7,july #h71 "o mu/ lay a communion *alice-clo? "u ! f]n1 & collect ! se$ :i* w fall be=e sunrise4 ,among "s ( ! scatt]$ allusions to ?is piece ( folk-lore 9 ! lit]ature ( our own c\ntry1 may be m5tion$ "o by ,%akespe>e 9 ,i ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a73-- ,gad%ill4 ,we h ! receipt ( f]n-se$1 we walk invisible----#aj ,*amb]la94 ,nay1 by my fai?1 ,i ?9k y are m behold+ to ! night ?an to f]n-se$ = y\r walk+ invisible4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,new ,inn 7i4 #a71 x is ?us notic$3-- ,i _h ,no m$ic9e1 sir1 to g invisible1 ,no f]n-se$ 9 my pocket4 ,br& #aa 0 told by an inhabitant ( ,he/on1 9 ,middlesex1 t :5 he 0 a "y man he 0 (t5 pres5t at ! c]emony ( cat*+ ! f]n-se$ at midnight1 on ! eve ( ,/4 ,john ,bapti/4 ,! attempt 0 frequ5tly unsuccessful1 = ! se$ 0 to fall into a plate ( its own accord1 & t too )\t %ak+ ! plate4 ,x is unnecess>y to add fur!r illu/rations on ?is po9t1 z we h _h occasion to speak else:]e ( ! sundry o!r magical prop]ties ascrib$ to ! f]n-se$1 :]eby x has be5 prom95tly class$ among/ ! my/ic plants4 ,b1 ap>t f ! doctr9e ( signatures1 x w\ld seem t ! f]n-se$ 0 also suppos$ to d]ive its p[] ( mak+ invisible f ! cl\d1 says ,mr4 ,kelly1 #ab t conta9$ ! heav5ly fire f :i* ! plant is sprung4 ,:il/ speak+1 too1 ( ! f]n-se$'s prop]ty ( mak+ p invisible1 x is ( int]e/ to note t 9 ! ,icel&ic & ,pom]anian my?s ! s*amir or rav5-/one r5d]s its possessor invisible2 & accord+ to a ,nor? ,g]man tradition ! luck-fl[] is enbu$ ) ! same wond]ful qualities4 ,x is ess5tial1 h[ev]1 t ! fl[] be f\nd by accid5t1 = he :o seeks x nev] f9ds x4 ,9 ,sw$5 hazel-nuts are reput$ to h ! p[] ( mak+ invisible1 & f _! reput$ magical prop]ties h be51 f "t immemorial1 9 great dem& = div9ation4 ,all ^? plants ^: leaves bore a fanci$ resemblance to ! moon 71 9 days ( old1 reg>d$ ) sup]/iti\s rev]5ce4 ,! moon-daisy1 ! type ( a class ( plants resembl+ ! pictures ( a full moon1 7 exhibit$1 says ,dr4 ,prior1 9 ut]9e compla9ts1 & d$icat$ 9 pagan times to ! goddess ( ! moon4 ,! moonwort 7,botry*ium lun>ia71 (t5 conf\nd$ ) ! common hone/y 7,lun>ia bi5nis7 ( our g>d5s1 s call$ f ! semi-lun> %ape ( ! segm5ts ( its frond1 0 cr$it$ ) ! mo/ curi\s prop]ties1 ! old al*emi/s affirm+ t x 0 good among o!r ?+s = conv]t+ quicksilv] into pure silv]1 & un%oe+ su* horses z trod ^u x4 ,a simil> virtue 0 ascrib$ to ! horse-%oe vet* 7,hippocrepis comosa71 s call$ f ! %ape ( ! legumes1 h5ce ano!r ( its my/ic nicknames 0 un%oe ! horse4 ,b ref]r+ to ! doctr9e ( signatures 9 folk-m$ic9e1 a fav\rite g>d5 fl[] is ,solomon's seal 7,polygonatum multiflorum74 ,on cutt+ ! roots transv]sely1 "s m>ks are app>5t n unlike ! *>act]s ( a seal1 :i* to ! old h]bali/s indicat$ its use z a seal = w\nds4 #ac ,g]>de1 describ+ x1 tells u h[1 ! root ( ,solomon's seal /amp$1 :ile x is fre% & gre5e1 & appli$1 take? away 9 "o night1 or two at ! mo/1 any bruise1 black or blue spots1 gott5 by falls1 or wom5's wilfulness 9 /umbl+ ^u _! ha/y husb&s' fi/s4 ,= ! same reason x 0 call$ by ! ,fr5* h]bali/s l'h]be de la rupture4 ,! specific "n ( ! tutsan #ad 7,hyp]icum &rosoemum71 d]iv$ f ! two ,greek words signify+ man & blood1 9 ref]5ce to ! d>k r$ juice :i* exudes f ! capsules :5 bruis$1 0 once appli$ to ext]nal w\nds1 & h5ce x 0 call$ balm ( ! w>rior's w\nd1 or all-heal4 ,g]>de says1 ,! leaves laid ^u brok5 sk9s & scabb$ legs heal !m1 & _m o!r hurts & griefs1 :]e( x took its "n 't\te-sa9e' ( heal+ all ?+s4 ,! pretty plant1 h]b-rob]t 7,g]anium rob]tianum71 0 suppos$ to possess simil> virtues1 its p[] to arre/ ble$+ be+ indicat$ by ! beautiful r$ hue assum$ by ! fad+ leaves1 on acc\nt ( :i* prop]ty x 0 /yl$ a /aun*] ( blood4 ,! g>d5 ,j]usalem c[slip 7,pulmon>ia (f9alis7 owes its ,engli% "n1 lungwort1 to ! spott+ ( ! leaves1 :i* 7 said to indicate t !y w\ld be efficaci\s 9 heal+ diseases ( ! lungs4 ,!n !re is ! wat]-soldi] 7,/ratiotes aloides71 :i* f its sword-%ap$ leaves 0 reckon$ among ! appliances = gun-%ot w\nds4 ,ano!r famili> plant :i* has long _h a reputation z a vuln]>y is ! self-heal1 or c>p5t]'s h]b 7,prunella vulg>is71 on acc\nt ( its corolla be+ %ap$ l a bill-hook4 ,aga91 presumably on ! doctr9e ( signatures1 ! connection betwe5 roses & blood is v curi\s4 ,?us 9 ,france1 ,g]many1 & ,italy x is a popul> notion t if "o is desir\s ( hav+ ruddy *eeks1 he mu/ bury a drop ( 8 blood "u a rose-bu%4 #ae ,z a *>m aga9/ haemorrhage ( e k9d1 ! rose has long be5 a fav\rite rem$y 9 ,g]many1 & 9 ,we/phalia ! foll[+ =mula is employ$3 ,abek1 ,wabek1 ,fabek2 9 ,*ri/'s g>d5 /& ?ree r$ roses--"o = ! good ,god1 ! o!r = ,god's blood1 ! ?ird = ! angel ,gabriel3 blood1 ,i pray y1 cease to fl[4 ,ano!r v]sion ( ?is *>m is ! foll[+ #af3--,on ! head ( our ,"l ,god !re bloom ?ree roses3 ! fir/ is ,8 virtue1 ! second is ,8 y\?1 ! ?ird is ,8 w4 ,blood1 /& ?\ 9 ! w\nd /ill1 s t ?\ nei!r sore nor abscess give/4 ,turn+ to "s ( ! num]\s plants :i* on ! doctr9e ( signatures 7 =m]ly us$ z specifics f a fanci$ resemblance1 9 ! %ape ( ! root1 leaf1 or fruit1 to any p>ticul> "p ( ! human body1 we are confront$ ) a li/ adapt$ = mo/ ( ! ills to :i* ! fle% is heir4 #ag ,?us1 ! walnut 0 reg>d$ z cle>ly good = m5tal cases f its be>+ ! signature ( ! :ole head2 ! outw>d gre5 cortex answ]+ to ! p]icranium1 ! h>d] %ell )9 repres5t+ ! skull1 & ! k]nel 9 its figure resembl+ ! cov] ( ! bra94 ,on ?is acc\nt ! outside %ell 0 consid]$ good = w\nds ( ! head1 :il/ ! b>k ( ! tree 0 reg>d$ z a sov]eign rem$y = ! r+worm4 #ah ,its leaves1 too1 :5 bruis$ & moi/5$ ) v9eg> 7 us$ = e>-a*e4 ,= scr(ul\s gl&s1 ! knotty tub]s atta*$ to ! k]nel-wort 7,scrophul>ia nodosa7 h be5 consid]$ efficaci\s4 ,! pi? ( ! eld]1 :5 press$ ) ! f+]s1 do? pit & receive ! impress ( !m !reon1 z ! legs & feet ( dropsical p]sons d1 ,!re=e ! juice ( ?is tree 0 reckon$ a cure = dropsy4 ,our ,lady's ?i/le 7,c>dmis ,m>ianus71 f its num]\s prickles1 0 recomm5d$ = /it*es ( ! side2 & nettle-tea is /ill a common rem$y ) _m ( our peasantry = nettle-ra%4 ,! leaves ( ! wood-sorrel 7,oxalis acetosella7 7 believ$ to pres]ve ! he>t f _m diseases1 f _! be+ broad at ! ends1 cut 9 ! middle1 & %>p t[>ds ! /alk4 ,simil>ly ! he>t-trefoil1 or clov] 7,m$icago maculata71 0 s call$1 because1 says ,coles 9 8 ,art ( ,simpl+1 n only is ! leaf triangul> l ! he>t ( a man1 b also because ea* leaf conta9s ! p]fect image ( an he>t1 & t 9 its prop] col\r--a fle% col\r4 ,x def5de? ! he>t aga9/ ! noisome vap\r ( ! sple54 ,ano!r plant :i*1 on ! same pr9ciple1 0 reckon$ z a curative = he>t-disease1 is ! he>t's-ease1 a t]m mean+ a cordial1 z 9 ,sir ,walt] ,scott's ,antiqu>y 7*ap1 xi471 try a dram to be eild+ & claise1 & a supp] & he>t's-ease into ! b>ga94 ,! knot-grass 7,polygonum avicul>e71 ) its r$di%-:ite fl[]s & trail+ po9t$ /ems1 0 probably s call$ f "s unrecord$ "* by ! doctr9e ( signatures1 ,sugge/s ,mr4 ,ellacombe1 #ai t x w\ld /op ! gr[? ( *ildr54 ,?us ,%akespe>e1 9 8 ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream 7,act iii4 sc4 #b71 alludes to x z ! h9d]+ knot-grass1 & 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,coxcomb 7,act ii4 sc4 #b7 x is fur!r m5tion$3-- ,we want a boy extremely = ?is function1 ,kept "u = a ye> ) milk & knot-grass4 ,accord+ to ,crollius1 ! woody scales ( :i* ! cones ( ! p9e-tree are compos$ resemble ! =e-tee?2 h5ce p9e-leaves boil$ 9 v9eg> 7 us$ z a g>lic = ! relief ( too?a*e4 ,:ite-coral1 f its resemblance to ! tee?1 0 also 9 requisition1 because x keepe? *ildr5 to he$ _! tee?1 _! gums be+ rubb$ !re)4 ,= improv+ ! complexion1 an o9tm5t made ( c[slip-fl[]s 0 once recomm5d$1 because1 z an old writ] obs]ves1 x take? away ! spots & wr9kles ( ! sk91 & adds beauty exce$+ly4 ,mr4 ,burgess1 9 8 h&y little volume on ,engli% ,wild ,fl[]s 7#ahfh1 #dg71 ref]r+ to ! c[slip1 says1 ! village damsels use x z a cosmetic1 & we "k x adds to ! beauty ( ! complexion ( ! t[n-immur$ lassie :5 %e se>*es = & ga!rs x h]self 9 ! e>ly spr+ morn+4 ,"s ( ! old h]bali/s speak ( moss ga!r$ f a skull z useful = disord]s ( ! head1 & h5ce x 0 ga!r$ & pres]v$4 ,! rupture-wort 7,h]ni>ia glabra7 0 s call$ f its fanci$ rem$ial p[]s1 & ! scabi\s 9 allusion to ! scaly pappus ( its se$s1 :i* l$ to its use 9 lepr\s diseases4 ,! well-kn[n f]n1 sple5-wort 7,aspl5ium71 _h ?is "n appli$ to x f ! lobul> =m ( ! leaf1 :i* sugge/$ x z a rem$y = diseases ( ! sple54 ,ano!r ( its nicknames is miltwa/e1 because3-- ,! f+]-f]ne1 :i* be+ giv5 to sw9e1 ,x makes _! milt to melt away 9 f9e-- ,a sup]/ition :i* seems to h orig9at$ 9 a curi\s /atem5t made by ,vitruvius1 t 9 c]ta9 localities 9 ! isl& ( ,crete ! flocks & h]ds 7 f\nd )\t sple5 f _! br[s+ on ?is plant1 :]eas 9 ^? di/ricts 9 :i* x did n gr[ ! rev]se 0 ! case4 #bj ,! yell[ b>k ( ! b]b]ry-tree 7,b]b]is vulg>is71 #ba :5 tak5 z a decoction 9 ale1 or :ite w9e1 is said to be a purgative1 & to h prov$ highly efficaci\s 9 ! case ( jaundice1 h5ce 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry x is kn[n z ! jaundice-b]ry4 ,turm]ic1 too1 0 =m]ly prescrib$--a plant us$ = mak+ a yell[ dye2 #bb & cel&9e1 ) its yell[ juice1 0 once equally 9 repute4 ,simil> rem$ies we f9d recomm5d$ on ! ,cont95t1 & 9 ,we/phalia an apple mix$ ) saffron is a popul> curative aga9/ jaundice4 #bc ,rhub>b1 too1 we are told1 by ! doctr9e ( signatures1 0 ! life1 s\l1 he>t1 & treacle ( ! liv]4 ,mr4 ,folk>d #bd m5tions a curi\s sup]/ition :i* exi/s 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,orleans1 :]e a sev5? son )\t a daught] int]v5+ is call$ a ,m>con4 ,x is believ$ t1 ! ,m>con's body is m>k$ some:]e ) a ,fleur-de-,lis1 & t if a pati5t suff]+ "u k+'s-evil t\* ?is ,fleur-de-,lis1 or if ! ,m>con brea! ^u him1 ! malady w be sure to disappe>4 ,z %ak+ is "o ( ! *ief *>act]i/ics ( t t$i\s & ob/9ate compla9t ague1 s !re 0 a preval5t notion t ! quak+-grass 7,briza m$ia71 :5 dri$ & kept 9 ! h\se1 act$ z a mo/ p[]ful det]r5t4 ,= ! same reason1 ! asp51 f its con/ant trembl+1 has be5 held a specific = ?is disease4 ,! less] cel&9e 7,ranunculus fic>ia7 is kn[n 9 _m c\ntry places z ! pilewort1 because its peculi> tub]\s root 0 long ?\ght to be efficaci\s z a rem$ial ag5t4 ,& ,coles1 9 8 ,art ( ,simpl+1 speaks ( ! purple m>%-wort 7,com>um palu/re7 z an excell5t rem$y aga9/ ! purples4 ,! common torm5til 7,torm5tilla (fic9alis71 f ! r$ col\r ( its root1 0 nicknam$ ! blood-root1 & 0 said to be efficaci\s 9 dys5t]y2 :ile ! bullock's-lungwort d]ives its "n f ! resemblance ( its leaf to a dewlap1 & 0 on ?is acc\nt held z a rem$y = ! pneumonia ( bullocks4#be ,su* is ! curi\s old folk-lore doctr9e ( signatures1 :i* 9 old5 times 0 reg>d$ ) s mu* fav\r1 & = a v long "t 0 recognis$1 )\t any que/ion+1 z wor?y ( m5's acceptation4 ,x is "o ( ^? popul> delusions :i* sci5tific rese>* has scatt]$ to ! w9ds1 hav+ 9 its place discov]$ ! true m$ic9al prop]ties ( plants1 by ! aid ( *emical analysis4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,pettigrew's ,m$ical ,sup]/itions1 #ahdd1 p4 #ah4 #b4 ,tylor's ,rese>*es into ! ,e>ly ,hi/ory ( ,mank9d1 #ahfe1 p4 #abc2 ,*apiel's ,la ,doctr9e des ,signatures1 ,p>is1 #ahff4 #c4 ,fl[]+ ,plants ( ,great ,brita91 iv4 #aji2 see ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 #ahgj-gb4 #d4 ,tylor's ,rese>*es into ! ,e>ly ,hi/ory ( ,mank9d1 p4 #abc4 #e4 ,see ,port] ,smi?'s ,*9ese ,mat]ia ,m$ica1 p4 #ajc2 ,lockh>t1 ,m$ical ,mission>y 9 ,*9a1 #bnd edition1 p4 #ajg2 ,reports on ,trade at ! ,treaty ,ports ( ,*9a1 #ahfh1 p4 #fc4 #f4 ,fiske1 ,my?s & ,my?mak]s1 #ahgc1 p4 #dc4 #g4 ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 p4 #acd4 #h4 ,see ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,tradition ,folk-lore1 #ahfc1 pp4 #aic-aih2 ,ral/on's ,russian ,folk-,songs1 #ahgb1 p4 #ih4 #i4 ,my/ic ,trees & ,fl[]s1 ,mr4 ,d4 ,conway1 ,fras]s ,magaz9e1 ,nov4 #ahgj1 p4 #fjh4 #aj4 ,! receipt1 s call$1 0 ! =mula ( magic words to be employ$ dur+ ! process4 ,see ,gr9don's ,%aksp]e ,flora1 #ahhc1 p4 #bdb4 #aa4 ,popul> ,antiquities1 #ahdi1 i4 #cae4 #ab4 ,indo-,european ,tradition & ,folk-lore1 p4 #aig4 #ac4 ,see ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 p4 #acj2 ,phillips' ,flora ,hi/orica1 i4 #afc4 #ad4 ,see ,s[]by's ,engli% ,botany1 #ahfd1 i41 p4 #add4 #ae4 ,see ,folk-lore ( ,briti% ,plants1 ,dubl9 ,univ]sity ,magaz9e1 ,septemb] #ahgc1 p4 #cah4 #ae4 ,see ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 #aheb1 iii4 #afh4 #ag4 ,sket*es ( ,impo/ure1 ,deception1 & ,cr$ulity1 #ahcg1 p4 #cjj4 #ah4 ,see ,phillips' ,pom>ium ,britannicum1 #ahba1 p4 #cea4 #ai4 ,plant-lore ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahgh1 p4 #aja4 #bj4 ,see ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 p4 #aed4 #ba4 ,hogg's ,vegetable ,k+dom1 p4 #cd4 #bb4 ,see ,fri5d's ,fl[]s & ,fl[]-lore1 ii4 #cee4 #bc4 ,my/ic ,trees & ,fl[]s1 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 ,novemb] #ahgj1 p4 #eia4 #bd4 ,plant ,lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #cda4 #be4 ,ibid41 pp1 #aej-afj4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,plants ,,& ,,! ,,cal5d>4 ,a goodly array ( plants h ca/ _! attractions r\nd ! fe/ivals ( ! ye>1 giv+ an outw>d beauty to ! c]emonies & obs]vances celebrat$ 9 _! hon\r4 ,^! v>y 9 diff]5t c\ntries1 al?\gh we frequ5tly f9d ! same fl[] almo/ univ]sally adopt$ to commemorate a p>ticul> fe/ival4 ,_m plants1 aga91 h _h a sup]/iti\s connection1 hav+ 9 ?is respect ex]cis$ a p[]ful influ5ce among ! cr$ul\s ( all ages1 num]\s survivals ( :i* exi/ at ! pres5t day4 ,?us1 9 ,we/phalia1 x is said t if ! sun makes its appe>ance on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 ! flax w be /raight2 & !re is a belief curr5t 9 ,hessia1 t an apple mu/ n be eat5 on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 z x w produce an abscess4 ,accord+ to an old adage1 ! laure/9us1 d$icat$ to ,/4 ,fa9e 7,janu>y #a71 an ,iri% abbess 9 ! six? c5tury1 may be se5 9 bloom3-- ,:e!r ! wea!r be sn[ or ra91 ,we are sure to see ! fl[] ( ,/4 ,fa9e2 ,ra9 comes b seldom & (t5 sn[1 ,& yet ! viburnum is sure to bl[4 ,& ,james ,montgom]y notices ?is *e]ful plant1 speak+ ( x z !1 ,fair tree ( w9t]1 fre% & fl[]+1 ,:5 all ar\nd is dead & dry1 ,^: ruby buds1 ?\gh /orms are l[]+1 ,spread _! :ite blossoms to ! sky4 ,!n !re is ! dead nettle1 :i* 9 ,italy is assign$ to ,/4 ,v9c5t2 & ! ,*ri/mas rose 7,helleboris nig]71 d$icat$ to ,/4 ,agnes 7#ba/ ,janu>y71 is kn[n 9 ,g]many z ! fl[] ( ,/4 ,agnes1 & yet ?is fl[] has g5]ally be5 reg>d$ a plant ( evil om51 be+ c\pl$ by ,campbell ) ! hemlock1 z gr[+ by ! wit*es' t[]1 :]e x seems to weave1 ,r\nd its d>k vaults a melan*oly b[]1 ,= spirits ( ! dead at night's en*ant$ h\r4 ,at ,c&lemas x 0 cu/om>y1 writes ,h]rick1 to replace ! ,*ri/mas ev]gre5s ) sprigs ( box1 :i* 7 kept up till ,ea/] ,eve3-- ,d[n ) ! rosem>y & bays1 ,d[n ) ! mi/letoe1 ,in/ead ( holly n[ upraise ,! gre5] box = %[4 ,! sn[drop has be5 nicknam$ ! ,fair ,maid ( ,febru>y1 f its blossom+ ab\t ?is p]iod1 :5 x 0 cu/om>y = "y wom5 dress$ 9 :ite to walk 9 procession at ! ,fea/ ( ! ,purification1 &1 accord+ to ! old adage3-- ,! sn[drop 9 pure/ :ite array1 ,fir/ re>s h] head on ,c&lemas ,day4 ,! da9ty crocus is said to bl[ be=e ! %r9e at v]nal dawn ( ,/4 ,val5t9e4 ,& we may note "h h[ c\nty traditions affirm t 9 "s my/]i\s way ! vegetable _w is affect$ by leap-ye> influ5ces4 ,a piece ( agricultural folk-lore curr5t ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry tells u h[ all ! peas & beans gr[ ! wrong way 9 _! pods1 ! se$s be+ set 9 q ! contr>y to :at !y are 9 o!r ye>s4 ,! reason assign$ = ?is /range freak ( nature is t1 x is ! ladies' ye>1 & !y 7! peas & beans7 always lay ! wrong way 9 leap ye>4 ,! leek is associat$ ) ,/4 ,david's ,day1 ! adoption ( ?is plant z ! national device ( ,wales hav+ be5 expla9$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,accord+ to ,%akespe>e x dates f ! battle ( ,cressy1 :ile "s h ma9ta9$ x orig9at$ 9 a victory obta9$ by ,cadwallo ov] ! ,saxons1 #fdj1 :5 ! ,wel%1 to di/+ui% !mselves1 wore leeks 9 _! hats4 ,x has also bee5 sugge/$ t ,wel%m5 beautify _! hats ) v]dant leek1 f ! cu/om ( e f>m]1 9 ye>s gone by1 contribut+ 8 leek to ! common repa/ :5 !y met at ! ,cymor?a or ,association1 & mutually help$ "o ano!r 9 pl\gh+ _! l&4 ,9 ,irel& ! %amrock is worn on ,/4 ,patrick's ,day4 ,old wom51 ) pl5te\s supplies ( trefoil1 may be he>d 9 e direction cry+1 ,buy my %amrock1 gre5 %amrocks1 :ile little *ildr5 h ,patrick's crosses p9n$ to _! sleeves1 a cu/om :i* is said to h orig9at$ 9 ! circum/ance t :5 ,/4 ,patrick 0 prea*+ ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity he made use ( ! trefoil z a symbol ( ! great my/]y4 ,sev]al plants h be5 id5tifi$ z ! %amrock2 & 9 ,contributions t[>ds a ,cybele ,hib]nica1 #a is ! foll[+ ext5sive note3--,trifolium rep5s1 ,dut* clov]1 %amrock4--,?is is ! plant /ill worn z %amrock on ,/4 ,patrick's ,day1 ?\gh ,m$icago lupul9a is also sold 9 ,dubl9 z ! %amrock4 ,edw>d ,lhwyd1 ! celebrat$ antiqu>y1 writ+ 9 #afii to ,tancr$ ,rob9son1 says1 aft] a rec5t visit to ,irel&3 ',_! %amrug is our common clov]' 7,phil4 ,trans41 ,no4 #cce74 ,?rekeld1 ! e>lie/ writ] on ! wild plants ( ,irel&1 gives ,seam>-oge 7"y trefoil7 z ! ,gaelic "n = ,trifolium prat5se album1 & expressly says ?is is ! plant worn by ! p 9 _! hats on ,/4 ,patrick's ,day4 ,"s1 aga91 h advocat$ ! claims ( ! wood-sorrel1 & o!rs ^? ( ! spe$well1 :]eas a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies 7#d? ,s]4 iii4 #bce7 says ! ,trifolium fili=me is g5]ally worn 9 ,cork1 ! ,trifolium m9us also be+ 9 dem&4 ,x has be5 urg$ t ! wat]cress 0 ! plant ga!r$ by ! sa9t1 b ?is plant has be5 object$ to on ! gr\nd t its leaf is n trifoliate1 & c\ld n h be5 us$ by ,/4 ,patrick to illu/rate ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x has be5 argu$ t ! /ory is ( mod]n date1 & n to be f\nd 9 any ( ! lives ( t sa9t4 ,/4 ,patrick's cabbage also is a "n = ,london ,pride1 f its gr[+ 9 ! ,we/ ( ,irel&1 :]e ! ,sa9t liv$4 ,few fl[]s h be5 m popul> ?an ! daffodil or l5t-lily1 or1 z x is sometimes call$1 ! l5t-rose4 ,!re are v>i\s corruptions ( ?is "n to be f\nd 9 ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 su* z l5tils1 l5t-a-lily1 l5ts1 & l5t-cocks2 ! la/ "n d\btless ref]r+ to ! cu/om ( cock-?r[+1 :i* 0 all[$ 9 ,l5t1 boys1 9 ! abs5ce ( live cocks1 hav+ ?r[n /icks at ! fl[]4 ,accord+ also to ! old rhyme3-- ,!n comes ! daffodil beside ,our ,lady's smock at our ,lady's tide4 ,9 ,ca?olic c\ntries ,l5t cakes 7 flav\r$ ) ! h]b-tansy1 a plant d$icat$ to ,/4 ,a?anasius4 ,9 ,silesia1 on ,mid-,l5t ,sunday1 p9e b\ghs1 b\nd ) v>iegat$ pap] & spangles1 are c>ri$ ab\t by *ildr5 s++ songs1 & are hung ov] ! /able doors to keep ! animals f evil influ5ces4 ,palm ,sunday receives its ,engli% & ! great] "p ( its =eign names f ! old practice ( be>+ palm-bran*es1 9 place ( :i* ! e>ly catk9s ( ! will[ or yew h be5 sub/itut$1 sprigs ( box be+ us$ 9 ,brittany4 ,/[1 9 8 ,survey ( ,london1 tells u t3--,9 ! weeke be=e ,ea/] _h ye great %[s made = ! fet*+ 9 ( a twi/$ tree or )1 z !y t]m$ x1 out ( ! wodes into ! k+'s h\se1 & ! l into e man's h\se ( hon\r ( wor%ip4 ,?is anniv]s>y has also be5 nicknam$ ,fig ,sunday1 f ! old cu/om ( eat+ figs2 :ile 9 ,wales x is popul>ly kn[n z ,fl[]+ ,sunday1 because p]sons assemble 9 ! *ur*y>d & spread fre% fl[]s ^u ! graves ( _! fri5ds & relatives4 ,9 ,g]many1 on ,palm ,sunday1 ! palm is cr$it$ ) my/ic virtues2 & if z _m twigs1 z !re are wom5 ( a family1 be ?r[n on a fire--ea* ) a "n inscrib$ on x--! p]son ^: leaf burns soone/ w be ! fir/ to die4 ,on ,good ,friday1 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl&1 an h]b pudd+ 0 =m]ly eat51 9 :i* ! leaves ( ! passion-dock 7,polygonum bi/orta7 =m$ ! pr9cipal +r$i5t4 ,9 ,lanca%ire fig-sue is made1 a mixture consi/+ ( slic$ figs1 nutmeg1 ale1 & bread4 ,wrea?s ( eld] are hung up 9 ,g]many aft] sunset on ,good ,friday1 z *>ms aga9/ lightn+2 & 9 ,swabia a twig ( hazel cut on ?is day enables ! possessor to /rike an abs5t p]son4 ,9 ! ,tyrol1 too1 ! hazel mu/ be cut on ,good ,friday to be effectual z a div9+-rod4 ,a ,bohemian *>m aga9/ fleas is curi\s4 ,dur+ ,holy ,week a leaf ( palm mu/ be plac$ beh9d a picture ( ! ,virg91 & on ,ea/] morn+ tak5 d[n ) ?is =mula3 ,dep>t1 all animals )\t bones4 ,if ?is rite is obs]v$ !re w be no m fleas 9 ! h\se = ! rema9d] ( ! ye>4 ,( ! fl[]s associat$ ) ,ea/]tide may be m5tion$ ! g>d5 daffodil & ! purple pasque fl[]1 ano!r "n = ! anemone 7,anemone pulsatilla71 9 allusion to ! ,passov] & ,pas*al c]emonies4 ,:ite broom is also 9 reque/1 & inde$ all :ite fl[]s are d$icat$ to ?is fe/ival4 ,on ,ea/] ,day ! ,bav>ian peasants make g>l&s ( coltsfoot & ?r[ !m into ! fire2 & 9 ! di/rict ( ,le*ra9 e h\sehold br+s to ! sacr$ fire :i* is light$ at ,ea/] a walnut bran*1 :i*1 :5 p>tially burn$1 is laid on ! he>?-fire dur+ tempe/s z a *>m aga9/ lightn+4 ,9 ,slavonian regions ! palm is suppos$ to specially protect ! locality :]e x gr[s f inclem5t wea!r & its hurtful effects2 :ile1 9 ,pom]ania1 ! apple is eat5 aga9/ fev]s4 ,9 ,b>eu? "y girls g at midnight on ,ea/] ,day to a f\nta9 sil5tly1 & tak+ c>e to escape notice1 ?r[ into ! wat] little will[ r+s ) _! fri5ds' names inscrib$ !reon1 ! p]son ^: r+ s9ks ! quicke/ be+ ! fir/ to die4 ,9 ye>s pa/ ! milkwort 7,polygala vulg>is71 f be+ c>ri$ 9 procession dur+ ,rogation ,week1 0 kn[n by su* names z ! rogation-fl[]1 gang-fl[]1 procession-fl[]1 & cross-fl[]1 a cu/om notic$ by ,g]>de1 :o tells u h[1 ! maid5s :i* use 9 ! c\ntries to walke ! procession d make !mselves g>l&s & nosegaies ( ! milkwort4 ,on ,asc5sion ,day ! ,swiss make wrea?s ( ! edelweisse1 hang+ !m ov] _! doors & w9d[s2 ano!r plant select$ = ?is purpose be+ ! am>an?1 :i*1 l ! =m]1 is consid]$ an emblem ( immortality4 ,9 our own c\ntry may be m5tion$ ! well-dress+ ( ,tiss+ton1 ne> ,dov$ale1 9 ,d]by%ire1 ! wells 9 ! village hav+ = ye>s pa/ be5 mo/ arti/ically decorat$ ) ! *oice/ fl[]s4 #b ,=m]ly1 on ,/4 ,george's ,day 7,april #bc71 blue coats 7 worn by p ( fa%ion4 ,h5ce1 ! h>ebell be+ 9 bloom1 0 assign$ to ! sa9t3-- ,on ,/4 ,george's ,day1 :5 blue is worn1 ,! blue h>ebells ! fields adorn4 ,fl[]s h always ent]$ l>gely into ! ,may ,day fe/ival2 & _m a graphic acc\nt has be5 bequea!d u ( ! en?usiasm ) :i* bo? old & "y w5t a-,may+ soon aft] midnight1 break+ d[n bran*es f ! trees1 :i*1 decorat$ ) nosegays & g>l&s ( fl[]s1 7 br\ght home soon aft] sunrise & plac$ at ! doors & w9d[s4 ,%akespe>e 7,h5ry ,,viii41 v4 #d71 allud+ to ! cu/om1 says3-- ',tis z mu* impossible1 ,unless we sweep !m f ! doors ) cannons1 ,to scatt] 'em1 z 'tis to make 'em sleep ,on ,may ,day morn+4 ,accord+ly1 fl[]s 7 mu* 9 dem&1 _m be+ nam$ f ! mon? itself1 z ! haw?orn1 kn[n 9 _m places z ,may-bloom & ,may-tree1 :]eas ! lily ( ! valley is nicknam$ ,may-lily4 ,aga91 9 ,cornwall lilac is t]m$ ,may-fl[]1 & ! n>r[-leav$ elm1 :i* is worn by ! peasant 9 8 hat or button-hole1 is call$ ,may4 ,simil>ly1 9 ,g]many1 we f9d ! t]m ,may-bloom appli$ to su* plants z ! k+-cup & lily ( ! valley4 ,9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 says ! au?or ( ,fl[]-lore1 ! podophyllum is call$ ,may-apple1 & ! fruit ( ! ,passiflora inc>nata ,may-hops4 ,! *ief uses ( ^! ,may-fl[]s 7 = ! g>l&s1 ! decoration ( ! ,maypole1 & ! adornm5t ( ! home3-- ,to get sweet setywall 7r$ val]ian71 ,! honeysuckle1 ! h>lock1 ,! lily1 & ! lady-smock1 ,to deck _! summ] hall4 ,b "o plant 0 c>efully avoid$--! cuckoo fl[]4#c ,z 9 o!r floral rites1 ! selection ( plants v>ies on ! ,cont95t1 bran*es ( ! eld] be+ c>ri$ ab\t 9 ,savoy1 & 9 ,au/rian ,silesia ! ,maypole is g5]ally made ( fir4 ,accord+ to an ,italian prov]b1 ! univ]sal lov] is "o :o hangs e door ) ,may4 ,v>i\s plants are associat$ ) ,:itsuntide1 & accord+ to ,*auc]1 9 8 ,romaunt ( ! ,rose3-- ,h hatte ( fl\res fre% z ,may1 ,*apelett ( roses ( ,:itsunday1 ,= si* array be co/e? b lite4 ,9 ,italy ! fe/ival is designat$ ,pasqua ,rosata1 f fall+ at a "t :5 roses are 9 bloom1 :ile 9 ,g]many ! peony is ! ,p5teco/ rose4 ,h]rick tells u x 0 =m]ly ! practice to use bir* & spr+-fl[]s = decorative purposes at ,:itsuntide3-- ,:5 yew is out !n bir* comes 91 ,& ,may-fl[]s beside1 ,bo? ( a fre% & fragrant k9ne1 ,to hon\r ,:itsontide4 ,at ?is season1 too1 box-b\ghs 7 ga!r$ to deck ! l>ge op5 fire-places !n 9 fa%ion1 & ! gueld] rose 0 d$icat$ to ! fe/ival4 ,c]ta9 fl[]-s]mons h be5 prea*$ 9 ! city at ,:itsuntide1 z1 = in/ance1 t at ,/4 ,james's ,*ur*1 ,mitre ,c\rt1 ,aldgate1 & ano!r at ,/4 ,leon>d's ,*ur*1 ,%or$it*1 kn[n z ! ,fair*ild ,lecture4 ,turn+ to ! ,cont95t1 x is cu/om>y 9 ,hanov] on ,:it-,monday to ga!r ! lily ( ! valley1 & at ! close ( ! day !re is sc>cely a h\se )\t a l>ge b\quet1 :ile 9 ,g]many ! broom is a fav\rite plant = decorations4 ,9 ,russia1 at ! completion ( ,:itsuntide1 "y girls repair to ! banks ( ! ,neva & ca/ 9 wrea?s ( fl[]s 9 tok5 ( _! abs5t fri5ds4 ,c]ta9 fl[]s1 su* z ! rose1 lav5d]1 woodruff1 & box 7 =m]ly 9 reque/ = deck+ *ur*es on ,/4 ,b>nabas' ,day1 ! (ficiat+ cl]gy hav+ worn wrea?s ( roses4 ,among ! allusions to ! usage may be m5tion$ ! foll[+ entries 9 ! *ur*w>d5's acc\nts ( ,/4 ,m>y-at-,hill1 ,london1 9 ! reigns ( ,edw>d ,,iv4 & ,h5ry ,,vii43--,= rose g>londis & woodrolf g>londis on ,/4 ,b>nabe ,daye1 xj'd4 ,item1 = two doss 7doz587 di bocse 7box7 g>l&s = pre/es & cl]kes on ,/4 ,b>nabe ,day1 j's4 v'd4 ,/4 ,b>nabas' ?i/le 7,c5taurea sol/itialis7 d]iv$ its "n f fl[]+ at ! "t ( ! sa9t's fe/ival1 & we are told h[3-- ,:5 ,/4 ,b>naby bright smiles night & day1 ,poor ragg$ rob9 blooms 9 ! hay4 ,to ,tr9ity ,sunday belong ! pansy1 or h]b-tr9ity & trefoil1 h5ce ! latt] has be5 us$ = decorations on ?is anniv]s>y4 ,9 commemoration ( ! ,re/oration ( ,*>les ,,ii41 oak leaves & gild$ oak apples h be5 worn2 oak bran*es hav+ be5 9 pa/ ye>s plac$ ov] doors & w9d[s4 ,/[e1 9 8 ,survey ( ,london1 speaks ( ! old cu/om ( hang+ up ,/4 ,john's wort ov] ! doors ( h\ses1 along ) gre5 bir* or p9e1 :ite lilies1 & o!r plants4 ,! same practice has exi/$ v l>gely on ! ,cont95t1 ,/4 ,john's wort be+ /ill reg>d$ z an effective *>m aga9/ wit*craft4 ,inde$1 few plants h be5 9 great] reque/ on any anniv]s>y1 or be5 inve/$ ) su* my/ic virtues4 ,f5nel1 ano!r ( ! _m plants d$icat$ to ,/4 ,john1 0 hung ov] doors & w9d[s on 8 night 9 ,engl&1 num]\s allusions to :i* occur 9 ! lit]ature ( ! pa/4 ,& 9 connection ) ?is sa9t we are told h[3-- ,! sc>let ly*nis1 ! g>d5's pride1 ,flames at ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/'s tyde4 ,hemp 0 also 9 dem&1 _m =ms ( div9ation hav+ be5 practis$ by means ( its se$4 ,accord+ to a belief 9 ,icel&1 ! trijad5t 7,spiraea ulm>ia7 w1 if put "u wat] on ?is day1 reveal a ?ief2 float+ if ! ?ief be a woman1 & s9k+ if a man4 ,9 ! ,h>z1 on ,midsumm] night1 bran*es ( ! fir-tree are decorat$ ) fl[]s & col\r$ eggs1 ar\nd :i* ! "y p dance1 s++ rhymes4 ,! ,bolognese1 :o reg>d g>lic z ! symbol ( abundance1 buy x at ! fe/ival z a *>m aga9/ pov]ty dur+ ! com+ ye>4 ,! ,bohemian1 says ,mr4 ,conway1 ?9ks he c make himself %ot-pro( = tw5ty-f\r h\rs by f9d+ on ,/4 ,john's ,day p9e-cones on ! top ( a tree1 tak+ !m home1 & eat+ a s+le k]nel on ea* day t he wi%es to be invuln]able4 ,9 ,sicily x is cu/om>y1 on ,midsumm] ,eve1 to fell ! highe/ popl>1 & ) %\ts to drag x ?r\gh ! village1 :ile "s beat a drum4 ,ar\nd ?is popl>1 says ,mr4 ,folk>d1#d symbolis+ ! greate/ sol> asc5sion & ! decl9e :i* foll[s x1 ! cr[d dance1 & s+ an appropriate refra92 & he fur!r m5tions t1 at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,franco-,g]man ,w>1 he saw sprigs ( p9e /uck on ! railway c>riages be>+ ! ,g]man soldi]s into ,france4 ,9 ,ea/ ,prussia1 ! sap ( dog-wood1 absorb$ 9 a h&k]*ief1 w fulfil e wi%2 & a ,br&5burg rem$y = fev] is to lie nak$ "u a *]ry-tree on ,/4 ,john's ,day1 & to %ake ! dew on "o's back4 ,else:]e we h allud$ to ! fl[]+ ( ! f]n on ?is anniv]s>y1 & !re is ! ,bohemian idea t its se$ %9es l glitt]+ gold4 ,corpus ,*ri/i ,day 01 9 old5 times1 obs]v$ ) mu* c]emony1 ! *ur*es be+ decorat$ ) roses & o!r *oice g>l&s1 :ile ! /reets ?r\gh :i* ! procession pass$ 7 /rewn ) fl[]s4 ,9 ,nor? ,wales1 fl[]s 7 scatt]$ be=e ! door2 & a p>ticul> f]n1 t]m$ ,rh$yn ,mair1 or ,m>y's f]n--probably ! maid5-hair--0 specially us$ = ! purpose4 ,we may m5tion "h t ! daisy 7,bellis p]5nis7 0 =m]ly kn[n z h]b-,m>g>et or ,m>gu]ite1 & 0 errone\sly suppos$ to h be5 nam$ aft] ! virtu\s ,/4 ,m>g>et ( ,antio*3-- ,maid ,m>g>ete1 t 0 s meek & mild2 ,:]eas x1 9 all probability1 d]ives its "n f ,/4 ,m>g>et ( ,cortona4 ,accord+ to an old leg5d x is /at$3-- ,!re is a d\ble fl\ret1 :ite & r$1 ,t our lasses call h]b-,m>g>et1 ,9 hon\r ( ,cortona's p5it5t1 ,^: contrite s\l ) r$ remorse 0 r5t2 ,:ile on h] p5it5ce k9d heav5 did ?r[ ,! :ite ( purity1 surpass+ sn[2 ,s :ite & r$ 9 ?is fair fl[] entw9e1 ,:i* maids are wont to scatt] at h] %r9e4 ,aga91 ( ! ra9y sa9t1 ,/4 ,s)91 we are rem9d$ t3-- ,aga9/ ,/4 ,s)9's ha/ie %[]s1 ,! lily :ite reigns que5 ( ! fl[]s-- ,a fe/ival ar\nd :i* s mu* curi\s lore has clu/]$4 ,9 =m] ye>s ,/4 ,m>g>et's ,day 7,july #bj7 0 celebrat$ ) _m curi\s c]emonies1 &1 accord+ to a well-kn[n c\plet 9 allusion to ! emblem ( ! vanqui%$ dragon1 :i* appe>s 9 mo/ pictures ( ,/4 ,m>g>et3-- ,poppies a sangu9e mantle spread ,= ! blood ( ! dragon t ,m>g>et %$4 ,ar*deacon ,h>e says ! ,sweet-,william1 designat$ ! pa9t$ lady1 0 d$icat$ to ,sa9t ,william 7,june #be71 ! t]m sweet be+ a sub/itution = sa9t4 ,?is seems d\btful1 & "s w\ld corrupt ! ^w sweet f ! ,fr5* oeillet1 corrupt$ to ,willy1 & !nce to ,william4 ,mr4 ,k+1 h[ev]1 consid]s t ! small r$ p9k 7,dian?us prolif]71 f\nd wild 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,ro*e/]1 is p]haps ! orig9al ,sa9t ,sweet-,william1 =1 he adds1 ! ^w sa9t has only be5 dropp$ s9ce days :i* saw ! demolition ( ,/4 ,william's %r9e 9 ! ca!dral4 ,?is is b a conjecture1 x be+ unc]ta9 :e!r ! masses ( bright fl[]s :i* =m "o ( ! *ief attractions ( old-fa%ion$ g>d5s commemorate ,/4 ,william ( ,ro*e/]1 ,/4 ,william ( ,york1 or1 likelie/ p]haps ( ! ?ree1 ,/4 ,william ( ,aquita9e1 ! half soldi]1 half monk1 ^: fame 0 s widely spread ?r\gh\t ! s\? ( ,europe4 ,roses 7 said to fade on ,/4 ,m>y ,magdal5e's ,day 7,july #bj71 to :om we f9d num]\s fl[]s d$icat$1 su* z ! maudl91 a nickname ( ! co/m>y1 ei!r 9 allusion to h] love ( sc5t$ o9tm5t1 or to its use 9 ut]9e affections1 ov] :i* %e presid$ z ! patroness ( un*a/e wom51 & maudl9-wort1 ano!r "n = ! moon-daisy4 ,b1 z ,dr4 ,prior rem>ks1 x %\ld1 be obs]v$ t ! monks 9 ! ,middle ,ages mix$ up ) ! /ory ( ! ,magdal5e t ( ano!r ,/4 ,m>y1 ^: e>ly life 0 pass$ 9 a c\rse ( debau*]y4 ,a ,g]man piece ( folk-lore tells u t x is dang]\s to climb a *]ry-tree on ,/4 ,james's ,night1 z ! *ance ( break+ "o's neck w be great1 ?is day be+ held unlucky4 ,on ?is day is kept ,/4 ,*ri/oph]'s anniv]s>y1 aft] :om ! h]b-*ri/oph] is nam$1 a species ( aconite1 accord+ to ,g]>de4 ,b1 z ,dr4 ,prior adds1 ! "n is appli$ to _m plants :i* h no qualities 9 common1 "s ( ^! be+ ! mead[-sweet1 fleabane1 osmund-f]n1 h]b-impi\s1 ev]la/+-fl[]1 & baneb]ry4 ,?r\gh\t ,augu/1 dur+ ! +a!r+ ( ! h>ve/1 a ho/ ( cu/oms h be5 kept up f "t immemorial1 :i* h be5 duly notic$ by ,br&1 :ile t[>ds ! close ( ! mon? we are rem9d$ ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,day by ! gaudy sunfl[]1 :i* has be5 nicknam$ ,/4 ,b>?olomew's />1 ! t]m /> hav+ be5 (t5 us$ z an emblematical repres5tation ( brilliant virtues or any sign ( admiration4 ,x is1 too1 sugge/$ by ,ar*deacon ,h>e t ! filb]t may owe its "n to ,/4 ,philb]t1 ^: fe/ival 0 on ! #bbnd ,augu/4 ,! passion-fl[] has be5 t]m$ ,holy ,rood fl[]1 & x is ! ecclesia/ical emblem ( ,holy ,cross ,day1 =1 accord+ to ! famili> c\plet3-- ,! passion-fl[] long has bl['d ,to betok5 u signs ( ! ,holy ,rood4 ,!n !re is ! ,mi*aelmas ,day1 :i*3-- ,among dead we$s1 ,bloom = ,/4 ,mi*ael's valor\s de$s1 & ! gold5 /> lily1 t]m$ ,/4 ,j]ome's lily4 ,on ,/4 ,luke's ,day1 c]ta9 fl[]s1 z we h already notic$1 h be5 9 reque/ = love div9ations2 & on ! ,cont95t ! *e/nut is eat5 on ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,simon1 9 ,pi$mont on ,all ,s\ls' ,day1 & 9 ,france on ,/4 ,m>t9's1 :5 old wom5 assemble b5ea? ! w9d[s & s+ a long ballad4 ,hall[e'en has its use among div9ations1 at :i* "t v>i\s plants are 9 reque/1 & among ! obs]vance ( ,all ,s\ls' ,day 0 bless+ ! beans4 ,x w\ld appe>1 too1 t 9 days gone by1 on ! eve ( ,all ,sa9ts' ,day1 hea? 0 specially burnt by way ( a bonfire3-- ,on ,all ,sa9ts' ,day b>e is ! place :]e ! hea? is burnt2 ,! pl\gh is 9 ! furr[1 ! ox at "w4 ,f ! %ape ( its fl[]1 ! trumpet-fl[]$ wood-sorrel has be5 call$ ,/4 ,cecilia's fl[]1 ^: fe/ival is kept on ,novemb] #bb4 ,! ,nigella damasc5a1 popul>ly kn[n z love-9-a-mi/1 0 designat$ ,/4 ,ca!r9e's fl[]1 f its p]si/5t /yles1 writes ,dr4 ,prior1#e resembl+ ! spokes ( h] :eel4 ,!re 0 also ! ,ca!r9e-pe>1 to :i* ,gay alludes 9 8 ,pa/orals1 :]e ,sp>abella1 on comp>+ h]self ) h] rival1 says3-- ,h] wan complexion's l ! )]$ leek1 ,:ile ,ca!r9e-pe>s adorn my ruddy *eek4 ,h]b-,b>b>a1 or ,/4 ,b>b>a's cress 7,b>b>ea vulg>is71 0 s call$ f gr[+ & be+ eat5 ab\t ! "t ( h] fe/ival 7,decemb] #d74 ,com+ to ,*ri/mas1 "s ( ! pr9cipal ev]gre5s us$ 9 ?is c\ntry = decorative purposes are ! ivy1 laurel1 bay1 arbor vitae1 rosem>y1 & holly2 mi/letoe1 on acc\nt ( its connection ) ,druidic rites1 hav+ be5 exclud$ f *ur*es4 ,speak+ ( ! holly1 ,mr4 ,conway rem>ks t1 x 0 to ! anci5t races ( ! nor? a sign ( ! life :i* pres]v$ nature ?r\gh ! desolation ( w9t]1 & 0 ga!r$ into pagan temples to com=t ! sylvan spirits dur+ ! g5]al dea?4 ,he fur!r adds t x is a s+ul> fact t x is us$ by ! wilde/ ,indians ( ! ,pacific coa/ 9 _! c]emonies ( purification4 ,! a%5-faggot 0 9 reque/ = ! ,*ri/mas fire1 ! c]emonies relat+ to :i* are well kn[n4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,by ,d4 ,moore & ,a4,g4 ,moore1 #ahff4 #b4 ,see ,j\rnal ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #ahcb1 vii4 #bjf4 #c4 ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms4 #d4 ,plant ,lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #ejd4 #e4 ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 #ahgi1 p4 #bjd4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,*ildr5',s ,,rhymes ,,& ,,games4 ,*ildr5 are m or less obs]v]s ( nature1 & frequ5tly f> m s ?an _! eld]s4 ,?is1 p]haps1 is 9 a great measure to be acc\nt$ = f ! fact t *ildhood is naturally inquisitive1 & fond ( hav+ expla9$ :atev] seems 9 any way my/]i\s4 ,su* especially is ! case 9 ! works ( nature1 & 9 a c\ntry ramble ) *ildr5 _! little voices are g5]ally busy inquir+ :y ?is bird does ?is1 or t plant gr[s 9 su* a way--a v>iety ( que/ions1 inde$1 :i* unmi/akably prove t ! "y m9d in/9ctively seeks aft] k4 ,h5ce1 we f9d t ! works ( nature ent] l>gely into *ildr5's pa/imes2 a few specim5s ( _! rhymes & games associat$ ) plants we quote bel[4 ,9 ,l9coln%ire1 ! butt]-bur 7,petasites vulg>is7 is nicknam$ bog-horns1 because ! *ildr5 use ! holl[ /alks z horns or trumpets1 & ! "y leaves & %oots ( ! common haw?orn 7,cratoegus oxyacan?a71 f be+ commonly eat5 by *ildr5 9 spr+1 are kn[n z bread & *eese2 :ile ! ladies-smock 7,c>dam9e prat5sis7 is t]m$ bread & milk1 f ! cu/om1 x has be5 sugge/$1 ( c\ntry p hav+ bread & milk = breakfa/ ab\t ! season :5 ! fl[] fir/ comes 94 ,9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& ?is plant is kn[n z cuckoo-spit1 because almo/ e fl[] /em has deposit$ ^u x a fro?y pat* n unlike human saliva1 9 :i* is envelop$ a pale gre5 insect4 ,few nor?-c\ntry *ildr5 w ga!r ^! fl[]s1 believ+ t x is unlucky to d s1 add+ t ! cuckoo has spit ^u x :5 fly+ ov]4 #a ,! fruits ( ! mall[ are popul>ly t]m$ by *ildr5 *eeses1 9 allusion to :i* ,cl>e writes3-- ,! sitt+ d[n :5 s*ool 0 o'er1 ,^u ! ?re%old ( ! door1 ,pick+ f mall[s1 sport to please1 ,! crumpl$ se$ we call a *eese4 ,a ,buck+ham%ire "n ) *ildr5 = ! deadly night%ade 7,atropa belladonna7 is ! naughty-man's *]ry1 an illu/ration ( :i* we may quote f ,curtis's ,flora ,lond95sis3--,on ,keep ,hill1 ne> ,high ,wycombe1 :]e we obs]v$ x1 !re *anc$ to be a little boy4 ,i ask$ him if he knew ! plant4 ,he answ]$ ',yes2 x 0 naughty-man's *]ries4' ,9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& ! broad-dock 7,rumex obtusifolius71 :5 9 se$1 is kn[n by *ildr5 z curly-c[s1 :o milk x by draw+ ! /alks ?r\gh _! f+]s4 ,aga91 9 ! same locality1 *ildr5 speak+ ( ! dead-man's ?umb1 "o ( ! popul> names ( ! ,or*is mascula1 tell "o ano!r ) my/]i\s awe t ! root 0 once ! ?umb ( "s unburi$ murd]]4 ,9 "o ( ! ,roxburghe ,ballads ! phrase is ref]r$ to3-- ,!n r\nd ! mead[s did %e walke1 ,cat*+ ea* fl[] by ! /alke1 ,su*e z )9 ! mead[s grew1 ,z dead-man's ?umbs & h>ebell blue4 ,x is to ?is plant t ,%akespe>e d\btless alludes 9 ,hamlet 7,act iv4 sc4 #g71 :]e3-- ,long purples ,t lib]al %eph]ds give a gross] "n1 ,b our cold maids d dead-m5's f+]s call !m4 ,9 ! s\? ( ,scotl&1 ! "n d\dle1 says ,jamieson1 is appli$ to ! root ( ! common re$-grass 7,phragmites communis71 :i* is f\nd1 p>tially decay$1 9 morasses1 & ( :i* ! *ildr5 9 ! s\? ( ,scotl& make a sort ( musical in/rum5t1 simil> to ! oat5 pipes ( ! anci5ts4 ,9 ,york%ire1 ! wat]-scrophul>ia 7,scrophul>ia aquatica71 is 9 *ildr5's language kn[n z fiddle-wood1 s call$ because ! /ems are by *ildr5 /ripp$ ( _! leaves1 & scrap$ across ea* o!r fiddl]-fa%ion1 :5 !y produce a squeak+ s\nd4 ,?is juv5ile music is ! s\rce ( inf9ite amusem5t among *ildr51 & is c>ri$ on by !m ) mu* en?usiasm 9 _! games4 ,likewise1 ! spe>-?i/le 7,c>duus lanceolatus7 is designat$ ,m>ian 9 ,scotl&1 :ile *ildr5 bl[ ! pappus f ! receptacle1 say+3-- ,m>ian1 ,m>ian1 :at's ! "t ( day1 ,"o o'clock1 two o'clock--x's "t we 7 away4 ,9 ,*e%ire1 :5 *ildr5 fir/ see ! heads ( ! ribwort planta9 7,plantago lanceolata7 9 spr+1 !y repeat ! foll[+ rhyme3-- ,*imney sweep] all 9 black1 ,g to ! brook & wa% y\r back1 ,wa% x clean1 or wa% x none2 ,*imney sweep]1 h y done83-- ,be+ 9 all probability a mode ( div9ation = insur+ good luck4 ,ano!r "n = ! same plant is cocks1 f *ildr5 fight+ ! fl[]-/ems "o aga9/ ano!r4 ,! common hazel-nut 7,corylus avellana7 is frequ5tly nicknam$ ! cob-nut1 & 0 s call$ f be+ us$ 9 an old game play$ by *ildr54 ,an old "n = ! devil's-bit 7,scabiosa succisa71 9 ! nor!rn c\nties1 & 9 ,scotl&1 is curl-doddy1 f ! resemblance ( ! head ( fl[]s to ! curly pate ( a boy1 ?is nickname be+ (t5 us$ by *ildr5 :o ?us address ! plant3-- ,curly-doddy1 d my bidd9'1 ,soop my h\se1 & %oal my widd5'4 ,9 ,irel&1 *ildr5 twi/ ! /alk1 & z x sl[ly untwi/s 9 ! h&1 ?us address x3-- ,curl-doddy on ! midd51 ,turn r\nd an' take my bidd9'4 ,9 ,cumb]l&1 ! ,primula f>9osa1 commonly kn[n z bird's-eye1 is call$ by *ildr5 bird-e54 ,! lockety-g[an & bonny bird-e5 ,are ! faire/ fl[]s t ev] 7 se54 ,& 9 _m places ! ,leontodon t>axacum is designat$ bl[-ball1 because *ildr5 bl[ ! ripe fruit f ! receptacle to tell ! "t ( day & = v>i\s purposes ( div9ation4 ,?us 9 ! ,sad ,%eph]d1 page #h1 x is said3-- ,h] tread+ w\ld n b5d a blade ( grass1 ,or %ake ! d[ny bl[-ball f 8 /alk4 ,9 ,scotl&1 "o ( ! popul> names ( ! ,angelica sylve/ris is aik-skeit]s1 or he>-skeit]s1 because *ildr5 %oot oats ?r\gh ! holl[ /ems1 z peas are %ot ?r\gh a pea-%oot]4 ,!n !re is ! goose-grass 7,galium ap>9e71 v>i\sly call$ goose-bill1 begg>'s-lice1 scrat*-we$1 & :i* has be5 designat$ bl9d-tongue1 because *ildr5 ) ! leaves practise phlebotomy ^u ! tongue ( ^? playmates :o are simple en\gh to endure x1 a cu/om once v g5]al 9 ,scotl&4 #b ,! catk9s ( ! will[ are 9 "s c\nties kn[n z gosl+s1 or gosl9s1--*ildr51 says ,halliwell1 #c sometimes play+ ) !m by putt+ !m 9 ! fire & s+e+ !m br[n1 repeat+ v]ses at ! same "t4 ,"o ( ! names ( ! hea?-pea 7,la?yrus macrorrhizus7 is liquory-knots1 & s*ool-boys 9 ,b]wick%ire s call !m1 = :5 dri$ _! ta/e is n unlike t ( ! real liquorice4 #d ,aga91 a *ildr5's "n ( common h5bane 7,hyoscyamus nig]7 is loaves ( bread1 an allusion to :i* is made by ,cl>e 9 8 ,%eph]d's ,cal5d>3-- ,hunt+ f ! /ack-y>d sod ,! /9k+ h5bane's belt$ pod1 ,by y\?'s w>m fancies sweetly l$ ,to *ri/5 !m 8 loaves ( bread4 ,a ,worce/]%ire "n = a horse-*e/nut is ! oblionk] tree4 ,accord+ to a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies 7#e? ,s]4 x4 #agg71 9 ! autumn1 :5 ! *e/nuts are fall+ f _! trunks1 boys ?read !m on /r+ & play a cob-nut game ) !m4 ,:5 ! /rik] is tak+ aim1 & prep>+ = a %ot at 8 adv]s>y's nut1 he says3-- ,oblionk]6 ,my fir/ conk] 7conqu]74 ,! ^w oblionk] app>5tly be+ a mean+less inv5tion to rhyme ) ! ^w conqu]1 :i* has by degrees become appli$ to ! fruit itself4 ,! wall p5it]ry 7,p>iet>ia (fic9alis7 is kn[n 9 ,irel& z p5it]ry1 & is ?us describ$ 9 ,fa!r ,connell1 by ! ,o',h>a ,family 7*ap1 xii473-- ,a we$ call$1 locally at lea/1 p5it]ry1 to :i* ! sudd5ly t]rifi$ s*oolboy idl] might run 9 8 ne$1 grasp+ x h>d & ?reat5+ly1 & repeat+ ! foll[+ 'words ( p[]'3-- ',p5it]ry1 p5it]ry1 t gr[s by ! wall1 ,save me f a :ipp+1 or ,i'll pull y roots & all4' ,john/on1 :o has notic$ s _m odd sup]/itions1 tells u t ! tub]\s gr\nd-nut 7,bunium flexuosum71 :i* has v>i\s nicknames1 su* z l\sy1 loozie1 or lucie arnut1 is dug up by *ildr5 :o eat ! roots1 b !y are h9d]$ f indulg+ to excess by a *]i%$ belief t ! luxury t5ds to g5]ate v]m9 9 ! head4 #e ,an old rhyme (t5 9 ye>s pa/ us$ by c\ntry *ildr5 :5 ! daffodils made _! annual appe>ance 9 e>ly spr+1 0 z foll[s3-- ,daff-a-d[n-dill ,has n[ come to t[n1 ,9 a yell[ petticoat ,& a gre5 g[n4 ,a "n = ! %eph]d's purse is "m's-he>t1 & 9 ! ea/]n ,bord] di/rict1 says ,john/on1 *ildr5 h a sort ( game ) ! se$-p\*4 ,!y hold x out to _! companions1 invit+ !m to take a haud o' t4 ,x imm$iately cracks1 & !n foll[s a triumphant %\t1 ,y've brok5 y\r "m's he>t4 ,9 ,nor?ampton%ire1 *ildr5 pick ! leaves ( ! h]b call$ pick-folly1 "o by "o1 repeat+ ea* "t ! words1 ,ri* man1 poor man1 begg>-man1 ?ief1 c41 fancy+ t ! "o :i* comes to be nam$ at ! la/ pluck+ w prove ! conditions ( _! future p>tn]s4 ,v>iations ( ?is cu/om exi/ else:]e1 & a correspond5t ( ,sci5ce ,gossip 7#ahgf1 xi4 #id74 writes3--,i rememb] :5 at s*ool at ,birm+ham t my playmates manife/$ a v great repugnance to ?is plant4 ,v few ( !m w\ld t\* x1 & x 0 kn[n to u by ! two bad names1 haughty-man's play?+1 & pick y\r "m's he>t out4 ,9 ,hanov]1 z well z 9 ! ,swiss canton ( ,/4 ,gall1 ! same plant is (f]$ to un9itiat$ p]sons ) a reque/ to pluck "o ( ! pods4 ,%\ld he d s ! o!rs exclaim1 ,y h /ol5 a purse ( gold f y\r fa!r & "m4 ,x is int]e/+ to f9d1 writes ,mr4 ,britt5 9 ! ,folk-lore ,record 7i4 #aei71 t a common tropical we$1 ,ag]atum conyzoides1 is employ$ by *ildr5 9 ,v5ezuela 9 a v simil> mann]4 ,! compil]s ( ! ,diction>y ( ,plant ,names consid] t ! d\ble 7g>d57 =m ( ,saxifraga granulata1 designat$ pretty maids1 may be ref]r$ to 9 ! old nurs]y rhyme3-- ,m>y1 ,m>y1 q contr>y1 ,h[ does y\r g>d5 gr[8 ,cockle-%ells1 & silv] bells1 ,& pretty maids all 9 a r[4 ,! old-man's-be>d 7,clematis vitalba7 is 9 _m places popul>ly kn[n z smoke-wood1 because our village-boys smoke pieces ( ! wood z !y d ( rattan cane2 h5ce1 x is sometimes call$ smoke-wood1 & smok+-cane4 #f ,! *ildr5 ( ,gall[ay play at hide-&-seek ) a little black-topp$ fl[] :i* is kn[n by !m z ! ,davie-drap1 meantime repeat+ ! foll[+ rhyme3-- ,)9 ! b\nds ( ?is ,i hap ,my black & bonnie ,davie-drap3 ,:a is he1 ! cunn+ ane1 ,to me my ,davie-drap w f9'8 ,?is plant1 x has be5 sugge/$1 #g be+ ! cuckoo grass 7,luzula campe/ris71 :i* s (t5 figures 9 *ildr5's games & rhymes4 ,once m1 !re are num]\s games play$ by *ildr5 9 :i* c]ta9 fl[]s are introduc$1 z 9 ! foll[+1 kn[n z ! ?ree fl[]s1 play$ 9 ,scotl&1 & ?us describ$ 9 ,*amb]s's ,popul> ,rhymes1 p4 #abg3--;,a gr\p ( lads & lasses be+ assembl$ r\nd ! fire1 two leave ! p>ty & consult toge!r z to ! names ( ?ree o!rs1 "y m5 or girls1 :om !y designate z ! r$ rose1 ! p9k1 & ! gillyfl[]4 ,! two "y m5 !n return1 & hav+ select$ a memb] ( ! fair] gr\p1 !y say to h]3-- ',my mi/ress s5t me unto ?9e1 ,wi' ?ree "y fl[]s bai? fair & f9e3-- ,! p9k1 ! rose1 & ! gillyfl[]1 ,& z !y "h d /&1 ,:ilk w ye s9k1 :ilk w ye swim1 ,& :ilk br+ hame to l&8' ,! maid5 mu/ *oose "o ( ! fl[]s nam$1 on :i* %e passes "s approv+ epi!t1 add+1 at ! same "t1 a disapprov+ rejection ( ! o!r two1 z 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 ',i w s9k ! p9k1 swim ! rose1 & br+ hame ! gillyfl[] to l&4' ,! "y m5 !n disclose ! names ( ! p>ties ^u :om !y _h fix$ ^? appellations respectively1 :5 x may *ance %e has slight$ ! p]son to :om %e is mo/ atta*$1 & contr>iwise4 ,games ( ?is k9d are v v>i$1 & /ill af=d _m an ev5+'s amusem5t among ! "y p ( our c\ntry villages dur+ ! w9t] ev5+s4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture1 #ahgf1 p4 #cee4 #b4 ,john/on's ,botany ( ,ea/]n ,bord]s4 #c4 ,diction>y ( ,ar*aic & ,prov9cial ,words4 #d4 ,john/on's ,botany ( ,ea/]n ,bord]s1 p4 #eg4 #e4 ,botany ( ,ea/]n ,bord]s1 p4 #he4 #f4 ,engli% ,botany1 ed4 ,i1 iii4 p4 #c4 #g4 ,diction>y ( ,plant ,names 7,britt5 & ,holl&71 p4 #ade4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,sacr$ ,,plants4 ,closely alli$ ) plant-wor%ip is ! sacr$ & sup]/iti\s rev]5ce :i*1 f "t immemorial1 has be5 paid by v>i\s communities to c]ta9 trees & plants4 ,9 _m cases ?is sanctity orig9at$ 9 ! old5 hea!n my?ology1 :5 e fl[] 0 ! emblem ( a god2 e tree ! abode ( a nymph4 ,f _! association1 too1 ) c]ta9 ev5ts1 plants frequ5tly acquir$ a sacr$ "*1 & occasionally _! specific virtues enhanc$ _! v5]ation4 ,9 %ort1 ! l>ge numb] ( sacr$ plants f\nd 9 diff]5t c\ntries mu/ be attribut$ to a v>iety ( causes1 illu/rations ( :i* are giv5 9 ! pres5t *apt]4 ,?us go+ back to my?ological times1 x may be notic$ t trees into :i* p]sons 7 metamorphos$ became sacr$4 ,! laurel 0 sacr$ to ,apollo 9 memory ( ,daphne1 into :i* tree %e 0 *ang$ :5 escap+ f 8 advances3-- ,because ?\ can/ n be ,my mi/ress1 ,i esp\se !e = my tree2 ,be ?\ ! prize ( hon\r & r5[n1 ,! dea?less poet & ! poet's cr[n2 ,?\ %alt ! ,roman fe/ivals adorn1 ,&1 aft] poets1 be by victors won4 ,b x is unnecess>y to give fur!r in/ances ( su* famili> /ories1 ( :i* e>ly hi/ory is full4 ,at ! same "t x is notewor?y t _m ( ^! plants :i* acquir$ a sanctity f hea!n my?ology /ill reta9 _! sacr$ "*--a fact :i* has inve/$ !m ) v>i\s sup]/itions1 9 addition to hav+ caus$ !m to be select$ = c]emonial usage & homage 9 mod]n times4 ,?us ! p9e1 ) its my?ical orig9 & hea!n associations1 is an important tree on ! ,cont95t1 be+ surr\nd$ ) a ho/ ( leg5ds1 mo/ ( :i*1 9 "o %ape or ano!r1 are relics ( e>ly =ms ( belief4 ,! sacr$ "* ( ! oak /ill survives 9 mod]n folk-lore1 & a ho/ ( fl[]s :i* grace our fields & h$ges h sacr$ associations f _! connection ) ! hea!n gods ( old4 ,?us ! anemone1 poppy1 & violet 7 d$icat$ to ,v5us2 & to ,diana all fl[]s gr[+ 9 untrodd5 dells & %ady nooks1 uncontam9at$ by ! tread ( man1 m especially belong$4 ,! n>cissus & maid5hair 7 sacr$ to ,pros]p9a1 & ! will[ to ,c]es4 ,! p9k is ,jove's fl[]1 & ( ! fl[]s assign$ to ,juno may be m5tion$ ! lily1 crocus1 & asphodel4 ,pass+ on to o!r c\ntries1 we f9d among ! plants mo/ conspicu\s = _! sacr$ "* ! well-kn[n lotus ( ! ,ea/ 7,nelunibium speciosum71 ar\nd :i* s _m traditions & my?ological leg5ds h clu/]$4 ,accord+ to a ,h9du leg5d1 f its blossom ,brahma came =?3-- ,a =m ,c]ulean flutt]$ o'er ! deep2 ,brighte/ ( be+s1 greate/ ( ! great1 ,:o1 n z mortals /eep ,_! eyes 9 dewy sleep1 ,b heav5ly p5sive on ! lotus lay1 ,t blossom'd at 8 t\*1 & %$ a gold5 ray4 ,hail1 primal blossom6 hail1 empyreal gem1 ,kemel1 or ,p$ma1 #a or :ate'er high "n ,delight !e1 say4 ,:at f\r-=m$ godhead came1 ,) graceful /ole & beamy diadem1 ,=? f ?y v]dant /em4 #b ,buddha1 too1 ^: symbol is ! lotus1 is said to h fir/ appe>$ float+ on ?is my/ic fl[]1 &1 inde$1 x w\ld seem t _m ( ! ,ea/]n deities 7 fond ( re/+ on its leaves2 :ile 9 ,*9a1 ! god ,pazza is g5]ally repres5t$ z occupy+ ?is position4 ,h5ce ! lotus has long be5 an object ( wor%ip1 & z a sacr$ plant holds a mo/ di/+ui%$ place1 = x is ! fl[] ( !1 ,old ,h9du my?ologies1 :]e9 ,! lotus1 attribute ( ,ganga--embl+ ,! _w's great reproductive p[]--0 held ,9 v5]ation4 ,we may m5tion "h t ! lotus1 kn[n also z ! sacr$ bean ( ,egypt1 & ! rose-lily ( ! ,nile1 z f> back z f\r ?\s& ye>s ago 0 held 9 high sanctity by ! ,egyptian prie/s1 /ill reta9+ its sacr$ "* 9 ,*9a1 ,japan1 & ,asiatic ,russia4 ,ano!r fam\s sacr$ plant is ! soma or moon-plant ( ,india1 ! ,asclepias acida1 a climb+ plant ) milky juice1 :i* ,w9dis*mann has id5tifi$ ) ! tree ( life :i* grew 9 p>adise4 ,its milk juice 0 said to conf] immortality1 ! plant itself nev] decay+2 & 9 a hymn 9 ! ,rig ,v$a ! soma sacrifice is ?us describ$3-- ,we've quaff$ ! soma bright ,& are immortal gr[n1 ,we've ent]$ into light ,& all ! gods h kn[n4 ,:at mortal c n[ h>m1 ,or foeman vex u m8 ,?r\gh !e beyond al>m1 ,immortal ,god6 we so>4 ,!n !re is ! peepul or bo-tree 7,ficus religiosa71 :i* is held 9 high v5]ation by ! foll[]s ( ,buddha1 9 ! vic9ity ( ^: temples x is g5]ally plant$4 ,"o ( ^! trees 9 ,ceylon is said to be ( v great antiquity1 & accord+ to ,sir ,j4 ,e4 ,t5nant1 to x k+s h ev5 d$icat$ _! dom9ions 9 te/imony ( _! belief t x is a bran* ( ! id5tical fig-tree "u :i* ,gotama ,buddha recl9$ :5 he und]w5t 8 apo!osis4 ,! peepul-tree is highly v5]at$ 9 ,java1 & by ! ,buddhi/s ( ,?ibet is kn[n z ! bridge ( safety1 ov] :i* mortals pass f ! %ores ( ?is _w to ^? ( ! unse5 "o beyond4 ,occasionally conf\nd$ ) ?is peepul is ! banyan 7,ficus indica71 :i* is ano!r sacr$ tree ( ! ,indians4 ,"u its %ade ,vi%nu is said to h be5 born2 & by ! ,*9ese1 ,buddha is repres5t$ z sitt+ b5ea? its leaves to receive ! homage ( ! god ,brahma4 ,ano!r sacr$ tree is ! deod> 7,c$rus deod>a71 a species ( c$>1 be+ ! ,devad>a1 or tree-god ( ! ,%a/ras1 :i* 9 s _m ( ! anci5t ,h9du hymns is depict$ z ! symbol ( p[] & maje/y4 #c ,! aroka1 or ,s>aca indica1 is said to pres]ve *a/ity1 & is d$icat$ to ,kama1 ! ,indian god ( love1 :ile ) ! negroes ( ,s5egambia ! baobab-tree is an object ( wor%ip4 ,9 ,borneo ! nipa-palm is held 9 v5]ation1 & ! ,mexican ,indians h _! mori*e-palm 7,mauritia flexuosa74 ,! ,tam>9dus ,indica is 9 ,ceylon d$icat$ to ,siva1 ! god ( de/ruction2 & 9 ,?ibet1 ! jambu or rose-apple is believ$ to be ! repres5tative ( ! div9e am>ita-tree :i* be>s ambrosia4 ,! pomegranate1 ) its my/ic orig9 & e>ly sacr$ associations1 0 long rev]5c$ by ! ,p]sians & ,jews1 an old tradition hav+ id5tifi$ x z ! =bidd5 fruit giv5 by ,eve to ,adam4 ,aga91 z a sacr$ plant ! basil has f "t immemorial be5 held 9 high repute by ! ,h9dus1 hav+ be5 sacr$ to ,vi%nu4 ,inde$ x is wor%ipp$ z a deity itself1 & is invok$ z ! goddess ,tulas = ! protection ( ! human frame4 ,x is fur!r said t ! he>t ( ,vi%nu1 ! husb& ( ! ,tulas1 is agitat$ & torm5t$ :5ev] ! lea/ sprig is brok5 ( a plant ( ,tulas1 8 wife4 ,among fur!r fl[]s hold+ a sacr$ "* may be m5tion$ ! h5na1 ! ,egyptian privet 7,lawsonia alba71 ! fl[] ( p>adise1 :i* 0 pron\nc$ by ,mahomet z *ief ( ! fl[]s ( ?is _w & ! next1 ! wormwood hav+ be5 d$icat$ to ! goddess ,iris4 ,by ! aborig9es ( ! ,can>y ,isl&s1 ! dragon-tree 7,draco5a draco7 ( ,orotava 0 an object ( sacr$ rev]5ce2 #d & 9 ,burmah at ! pres5t day ! eug5ia is held sacr$4 #e ,x has be5 rem>k$ t ! life ( ,*ri/ may be said to fl+ its %ad[ ov] ! :ole vegetable _w4 #f ,f ?is "t ! trees & ! fl[]s :i* _h be5 associat$ ) hea!n rites & deities1 began to be connect$ ) holi] names1 & n unfrequ5tly ) ! ev5ts ( ! crucifixion itself4 ,?us1 ^u ! ,virg9 ,m>y a weal? ( fl[]s 0 lavi%$1 all :ite ones1 hav+ be5 consid]$ typical ( h] purity & hol9ess1 & consecrat$ to h] fe/ivals4 #g ,inde$1 n only1 7 ! f9] fl[]s wre/$ f ! classic ,juno & ,diana1 & f ! ,freyja & ,b]?a ( nor!rn l&s giv5 to h]1 b lovely buds ( e hue 7 laid ^u h] %r9es4 #h ,"o species1 = in/ance1 ( ! maid5-hair f]n1 kn[n also z ,our ,lady's hair1 is designat$ 9 ,icel& ,freyja's hair1 & ! rose1 (t5 /yl$ ,frau rose1 or ,"m rose1 ! fav\rite fl[] ( ,hulda1 0 transf]r$ to ! ,virg94 ,on ! o!r h&1 _m plants be>+ ! "n ( ,our ,lady1 71 writes ,mr4 ,folk>d1 9 ,puritan times1 replac$ by ! "n ( ,v5us1 ?us recurr+ to ! anci5t nom5clature2 ',our ,lady's comb' becom+ ',v5us's comb4' ,b ! two fl[]s :i* 7 specially connect$ ) ! ,virg9 7 ! lily & ! rose4 ,accord+ly1 9 ,italian art1 a vase ( lilies /&s by ! ,virg9's side1 ) ?ree fl[]s cr[n+ ?ree gre5 /ems4 ,! fl[] is g5]ally ! l>ge :ite lily ( our g>d5s1 ! pure :ite petals signify+ h] spotless body1 & ! gold5 an!rs )9 typify+ h] s\l sp>kl+ ) div9e light4 #i ,! rose1 bo? r$ & :ite1 appe>s at an e>ly p]iod z an emblem ( ! ,virg91 & 0 specially s recognis$ by ,/4 ,dom9ic :5 he in/itut$ ! devotion ( ! ros>y1 ) direct ref]5ce to h]4 #aj ,among o!r fl[]s connect$ ) ! ,virg9 ,m>y may be m5tion$ ! fl[]+-rod1 accord+ to :i* ,joseph 0 *os5 = h] husb&1 because 8 rod budd$ into fl[]1 & a dove settl$ ^u ! top ( x4 ,9 ,tuscany a simil> leg5d is atta*$ to ! ole&]1 & else:]e ! :ite campanula has be5 kn[n z ! little /aff ( ,/4 ,joseph1 :ile a ,g]man "n = ! :ite d\ble daffodill is ,joseph's /aff4 ,!n !re is ,our ,lady's b$-/raw1 :i* fill$ ! mang] on :i* ! infant ,jesus 0 laid2 :ile ( ! plant said to h =m$ ! ,virg9's b$ may be m5tion$ ! ?yme1 woodro(1 & gr\ndsel4 ,! :ite-spott$ gre5 leaves ( ,our ,lady's ?i/le 7 caus$ by "s drops ( h] milk fall+ ^u !m1 & 9 ,*e%ire we f9d ! same idea connect$ ) ! pulmon>ia or lady's milk sile1 ! ^w sile be+ a prov9cialism = soil1 or /a94 ,a ,g]man tradition makes ! common f]n 7,polypodium vulg>e7 to h sprung f ! ,virg9's milk4 ,num]\s fl[]s h be5 id5tifi$ ) h] dress1 su* z ! m>igold1 t]m$ by ,%akespe>e ,m>y-bud1 :i* %e wore 9 h] bosom4 ,! cuckoo-fl[] ( our mead[s is ,our ,lady's smock1 :i* ,%akespe>e ref]s to 9 ^? *>m+ l9es 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 :]e3-- ,:5 daisies pi$ & violets blue1 ,& lady's smocks all silv] :ite1 ,& cuckoo-buds ( yell[ hue ,d pa9t ! mead[s ) delight1 ,! cuckoo !n on e tree ,mocks m>ri$ m51 = ?us s+s he1 ,cuckoo4 ,& "o ( ! f9e/ ( our or*ids is ,our ,lady's slipp]4 ,! ribbon grass is ,our ,lady's g>t]s1 & ! dodd] supplies h] laces4 ,9 ! same way _m fl[]s h be5 associat$ ) ! ,virg9 h]self4 ,?us1 !re is ,our ,lady's tresses1 & a popul> "n = ! maid5-hair f]n & quak+-grass is ,virg9's hair4 ,! lilies ( ! valley are h] te>s1 & a ,g]man nickname = ! lungwort is ,our ,lady's milk-wort4 ,! ,an?lyllis vuln]>ia is ,our ,lady's f+]s1 & ! kidney-wort has be5 designat$ lady's navel4 ,c]ta9 or*ids1 f ! peculi> =m ( _! h&-%ap$ roots1 h be5 popul>ly t]m$ ,our ,lady's h&s1 a "n giv5 9 ,france to ! dead-nettle4 ,( ! _m o!r plants d$icat$ to ! ,virg9 may be m5tion$ ! sn[drop1 popul>ly kn[n z ! fair maid ( ,febru>y1 op5+ its fl[]et at ! "t ( ,c&lemas4 ,accord+ to an old monki% tradition x blooms at ?is "t1 9 memory ( ! ,virg9 hav+ tak5 ! *ild ,jesus to ! temple1 & !re pres5t$ h] (f]+4 ,a fur!r reason = ! sn[drop's association ) ! ,virg9 orig9at$ 9 ! cu/om ( remov+ h] image f ! alt> on ! day ( ! ,purification1 & /rew+ ov] ! vacant place ) ^! emblems ( purity4 ,! ble$+ nun 7,cyclam5 europoeum7 0 consecrat$ to ! ,virg91 & 9 ,france ! spe>m9t is t]m$ ,our ,lady's m9t4 ,9 ,g]many ! co/m>y 7,co/am9ta vulg>is7 is ,our ,lady's balsam1 ! :ite-fl[]$ wormwood ! smock ( our ,lady1 & 9 old5 days ! iris or fleur-de-lis 0 held peculi>ly sacr$4 ,! little p9k is lady's cu%ion1 & ! campanula is h] look+-glass4 ,!n !re is ,our ,lady's comb1 ) its long1 fragile se$-vessels resembl+ ! tee? ( a comb1 :ile ! c[slip is ,our ,lady's bun* ( keys4 ,9 ,france1 ! digitalis supplies h] ) gloves1 & 9 days gone by ! ,convall>ia polygonatum 0 ! ,lady's seal4 ,accord+ to "s old writ]s1 ! black briony w5t by ?is "n1 & ,h>e gives ?is explanation3--',our ,lady's seal' 7,sigillum m>ioe7 is among ! names ( ! black briony1 ow+ to ! great efficacy ( its roots :5 spread 9 a pla/] & appli$ z x 7 to heal up a sc> or bruise4 ,=m]ly a species ( primula 0 kn[n z lady's c&le/ick1 & a ,wilt%ire nickname = ! common convolvulus is lady's nightcap1 ,cant]bury bells 9 "s places supply+ ?is ne$4 ,! h>ebell is lady's ?imble1 & ! plant :i* af=ds h] a mantle is ! ,al*emilla vulg>is1 ) its grey-gre5 leaf cov]$ ) a s(t silky hair4 ,?is is ! ,m>ia ,/akk] ( ,icel&1 :i* :5 plac$ "u ! pill[ produces sleep4 ,once m1 ! /rawb]ry is "o ( ! fruits t has be5 d$icat$ to h]2 & a species ( nut1 popul>ly kn[n z ! molluka bean1 is 9 _m p>ts call$ ! ,virg9 ,m>y's nut4 ,! *]ry-tree1 too1 has long be5 consecrat$ to ! ,virg9 f ! foll[+ tradition3-- ,be+ desir\s "o day ( refre%+ h]self ) "s *]ries :i* %e saw hang+ ^u a tree1 %e reque/$ ,joseph to ga!r "s = h]4 ,b he hesitat$1 & mock+ly said1 ,let ! fa!r ( ?y *ild pres5t !m to y4 ,b ^! words _h be5 no soon] utt]$ ?an ! bran* ( ! *]ry-tree incl9$ itself ( its own accord to ! ,virg9's h&4 ,!re are _m o!r plants associat$ 9 "o way or ano!r ) ! ,virg91 b ! in/ances already giv5 are repres5tative ( ?is wide subject4 ,9 connection1 too1 ) h] v>i\s fe/ivals1 we f9d num]\s plants2 & z ! au?or ( ,fl[]-lore rem>ks1 to ! ,madonna 7 assign$ ! :ite iris1 blossom+ almond-tree1 n>cissus1 & :ite lily1 all appropriate to ! ,annunciation4 ,! fl[]s appropriate to ! ,visitation ( ,our ,lady 71 9 addition to ! lily1 roses r$ & :ite1 :ile to ! ,fea/ ( ,assumption is assign$ ! ,virg9's b[]1 wor?y to be s call$1 writes ,g]>de1 by reason ( ! goodly %ad[ :i* ! bran*es make ) _! ?ick bu%+ & climb+1 z also = ! beauty ( ! fl[]s1 & ! pleasant sc5t & sav\r ( ! same4 ,_m plants h be5 associat$ ) ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 f 8 hav+ be5 ! =]unn] ( ,*ri/4 ,?us1 ! common plant :i* be>s 8 "n1 ,/4 ,john's wort1 is m>k$ ) blood-l spots1 kn[n z ! blood ( ,/4 ,john1 mak+ _! appe>ance on ! day he 0 behead$4 ,! sc>let ly*nis1 popul>ly nicknam$ ! great c&le/ick1 0 commonly said to be light$ up = 8 day4 ,! c>ob tree has be5 designat$ ,/4 ,john's bread1 f a tradition t x suppli$ him ) food 9 ! wild]ness2 & currants1 f beg9n+ to rip5 at ?is "t1 h be5 nicknam$ b]ries ( ,/4 ,john4 ,! artemisia 0 9 ,g]many ,/4 ,john's girdle1 & 9 ,sicily 0 appli$ to 8 be>d4 ,9 connection ) ,*ri/'s bir? x may be not$ t ! e>ly pa9t]s repres5t ! ,angel ,gabriel ) ei!r a sceptre or spray ( ! olive tree1 :ile 9 ! lat] p]iod ( ,italian art he has 9 8 h& a bran* ( :ite lilies4#aa ,! /> :i* po9t$ out ! place ( ,8 bir? has long be5 immortalis$ by ! ,orni?ogalum umbellatum1 or ,/> ( ,be?lehem1 :i* has be5 ?\ght to resemble ! pictures descriptive ( x2 9 ,france !re is a pretty leg5d ( ! rose-col\r$ sa9fo94 ,:5 ! infant ,jesus 0 ly+ 9 ! mang] ! plant 0 f\nd among ! grass & h]bs :i* compos$ 8 b$4 ,b sudd5ly x op5$ its pretty blossom1 t x might =m a wrea? ar\nd ,8 head4 ,on ?is acc\nt x has be5 held 9 high repute4 ,h5ce ! practice 9 ,italy ( deck+ mang]s at ,*ri/mas "t ) moss1 s[-?i/le1 cypress1 & holly4 #ab ,ne> ! city ( ,on !re 0 %[n = _m c5turies ! sacr$ fig-tree1 "u :i* ! ,holy ,family re/$ dur+ _! ,flight into ,egypt1 & a ,bav>ian tradition makes ! tree "u :i* !y f\nd %elt] a hazel4 ,a ,g]man leg5d1 on ! o!r h&1 in=ms u t z !y took _! flight !y came into a ?ickly-wood$ =e/1 :51 on _! approa*1 all ! trees1 ) ! exception ( ! asp51 paid rev]5tial homage4 ,! disrespectful arrogance ( ! asp51 h[ev]1 did n escape ! notice ( ! ,holy ,*ild1 :o !reupon pron\nc$ a curse aga9/ x1 :]eupon its leaves began to tremble1 & h done s ev] s9ce3-- ,once z our ,savi\r walk$ ) m5 bel[1 ,8 pa? ( m]cy ?r\gh a =e/ lay2 ,& m>k h[ all ! droop+ bran*es %[ ,:at homage be/ a sil5t tree may pay4 ,only ! asp5 /ood erect & free1 ,scorn+ to jo9 ! voiceless wor%ip pure1 ,b see6 ,he ca/ "o look ^u ! tree1 ,/ruck to ! he>t %e trembles ev]more4 ,! rose ( ,j]i*o has long be5 reg>d$ ) special rev]5ce1 hav+ fir/ blossom$ at ,*ri/'s bir?1 clos$ at ,8 crucifixion1 & op5$ aga9 at ! resurrection4 ,at ! flight into ,egypt x is report$ to h sprung up to m>k ! foot/eps ( ! sacr$ family1 & 0 consequ5tly designat$ ,m>y's rose4 ,! p9e protect$ !m f ,h]od's soldi]s1 :ile ! junip] op5$ its bran*es & (f]$ a welcome %elt]1 al?\gh x aft]w>ds1 says an old leg5d1 furni%$ ! wood = ! cross4 ,b "s trees 7 n s ?\ghtful1 = ! brooms & ! *ick-peas ru/l$ & crackl$1 & ! flax bri/l$ up4 ,accord+ to ano!r old leg5d we are in=m$ t by ! f\nta9 :]e ! ,virg9 ,m>y wa%$ ! swaddl+-clo!s ( h] sacr$ infant1 beautiful bu%es sprang up 9 memory ( ! ev5t4 ,among ! _m fur!r leg5ds connect$ ) ! ,virg9 may be m5tion$ ! foll[+ connect$ ) h] dea?3--,! /ory runs t %e 0 extremely anxi\s to see h] ,son aga91 & t :il/ weep+1 an angel appe>$1 & said1 ,hail1 ,o ,m>y6 ,i br+ !e "h a bran* ( palm1 ga!r$ 9 p>adise2 comm& t x be c>ri$ be=e ?y bi] 9 ! day ( ?y dea?1 = 9 ?ree days ?y s\l %all leave ?y body1 & ?\ %alt ent] into p>adise1 :]e ?y ,son awaits ?y com+4 ,! angel !n dep>t$1 b ! palm-bran* %$ a light f e leaf1 & ! apo/les1 al?\gh scatt]$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w1 7 miracul\sly caught up & set d[n at ! ,virg9's door4 ,! sacr$ palm-bran* %e !n assign$ to ! c>e ( ,/4 ,john1 :o c>ri$ x be=e h] bi] at ! "t ( h] burial4 #ac ,! trees & fl[]s associat$ ) ! crucifixion are widely repres5t$1 & h giv5 rise to _m a pretty leg5d4 ,sev]al plants are said to owe _! d>k-/a9$ blossoms to ! blood-drops :i* trickl$ f ! cross2 among/ ^! be+ ! wood-sorrel1 ! spott$ p]sic>ia1 ! arum1 ! purple or*is1 :i* is kn[n 9 ,*e%ire z ,ge?semane1 & ! r$ anemone1 :i* has be5 t]m$ ! blood-drops ( ,*ri/4 ,a ,flemi% leg5d1 too1 acc\nts 9 ! same way = ! crimson-spott$ leaves ( ! rood-selk54 ,! plant :i* has ga9$ ! un5viable notoriety ( supply+ ! cr[n ( ?orns has be5 v>i\sly /at$ z ! box?orn1 ! bramble1 ! buck?orns1 #ad & b>b]ry1 :ile ,mr4 ,conway quotes an old tradition1 :i* tells h[ ! drops ( blood t fell f ! cr[n ( ?orns1 compos$ ( ! rose-bri>1 fell to ! gr\nd & blossom$ to roses4 #ae ,"s aga9 ma9ta9 t ! wild hyssop 0 employ$1 & "o plant :i* 0 specially signall$ out 9 old5 times is ! aub]p9e or :ite-?orn4 ,9 ,g]many holly is ,*ri/-?orn1 & accord+ to an ,ea/]n tradition x 0 ! prickly ru%1 b z ,mr4 ,k+ #af rem>ks1 ! belief ( ! ,ea/ has be5 tol]ably con/ant to :at 0 possibly ! real plant employ$1 ! nabk 7,zizyphus sp9a-,*ri/i71 a species ( buck?orn4 ,! negroes ( ! ,we/ ,indies say t1 a bran* ( ! ca%ew tree 0 us$1 & t 9 consequ5ce "o ( ! bright gold5 petals ( ! fl[] became black & blood-/a9$4 ,!n aga91 accord+ to a ,sw$i% leg5d1 ! dw>f bir* tree af=d$ ! rod ) :i* ,*ri/ 0 sc\rg$1 :i* acc\nts = its /unt$ appe>ance2 :ile ano!r leg5d tells u x 0 ! will[ ) its droop+ bran*es4 ,rub5s1 toge!r ) ! e>li] ,italian pa9t]s1 depict ! re$-mace #ag or bulru% 7,typha latifolia7 z ! rod giv5 to ,him to c>ry2 a plant /ill put by ,ca?olics into ! h&s ( /atues ( ,*ri/4 ,b 9 ,pol&1 :]e ! plant is difficult to procure1 ! fl[]-/alk ( ! leek is sub/itut$4 ,! m\rnful tree :i* =m$ ! wood ( ! cross has always be5 a disput$ "q1 & giv5 rise to a ho/ ( curi\s leg5ds4 ,accord+ to ,sir ,john ,maundeville1 x 0 compos$ ( c$>1 cypress1 palm1 & olive1 :ile "s h in/itut$ 9 ! place ( ! two latt] ! p9e & ! box2 ! notion be+ t ^? f\r woods repres5t$ ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! globe4 ,=emo/ among/ ! o!r trees to :i* ?is di/9ction has be5 assign$1 are ! asp51 popl>1 oak1 eld]1 & mi/letoe4 ,h5ce is expla9$ ! gloomy %iv]+ ( ! asp5 leaf1 ! trembl+ ( ! popl>1 & ! popul> antipa?y to utilis+ eld] twigs = fagots4 ,b x is probable t ! respect paid to ! eld] has its roots 9 ! old hea!nism ( ! nor?1 & to ?is day1 9 ,d5m>k1 x is said to be protect$ by a be+ call$ ! eld]-"m1 s t x is n safe to damage x 9 any way4 #ah ,! mi/letoe1 :i* exi/s n[ z a m]e p>asite1 0 be=e ! crucifixion a f9e =e/ tree2 its pres5t condition be+ a la/+ monum5t ( ! disgrace x incurr$ ?r\gh its ignom9i\s use4 #ai ,a fur!r leg5d in=ms u t :5 ! ,jews 7 9 se>* ( wood = ! cross1 e tree1 ) ! exception ( ! oak1 split itself to avoid be+ desecrat$4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 ,grecian woodcutt]s avoid ! oak1 reg>d+ x z an accurs$ tree4 ,! bright blue blossoms ( ! spe$well1 :i* enliv5 our wayside h$ges 9 spr+-"t1 are said to display 9 _! m>k+s a repres5tation ( ! k]*ief ( ,/ ,v]onica1 impr9t$ ) ! features ( ,*ri/4 #bj ,accord+ to an old tradition1 :5 our ,"l 0 on ,8 way to ,calv>y1 be>+ ,8 ,cross1 ,he happ5$ to pass by ! door ( ,v]onica1 :o1 behold+ ! drops ( agony on ,8 br[1 wip$ ,8 face ) a k]*ief or napk94 ,! sacr$ features1 h[ev]1 rema9$ impress$ ^u ! l951 & f ! fanci$ resemblance ( ! blossom ( ! spe$well to ?is hall[$ relic1 ! plant 0 nam$ ,v]onica4 ,a plant closely connect$ by tradition ) ! crucifixion is ! passion-fl[]4 ,z soon z ! e>ly ,spani% settl]s 9 ,s\? ,am]ica fir/ glanc$ on x1 !y fanci$ !y _h discov]$ n only a m>vell\s symbol ( ,*ri/'s passion1 b receiv$ an assurance ( ! ultimate triumph ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,jacomo ,bosio1 :o obta9$ 8 k ( x f c]ta9 ,mexican ,jesuits1 speaks ( x z ! fl[] ( ! five w\nds1 & has giv5 a v m9ute description ( x1 %[+ h[ exactly e "p is a picture ( ! my/]ies ( ! ,passion4 ,x w\ld seem1 he adds1 z if ! ,creator ( ! _w _h *os5 x to repres5t ! pr9cipal emblems ( ,8 ,son's ,passion2 s t 9 due season x might assi/1 :5 its m>vels %\ld be expla9$ to !m1 9 ! condition ( ! hea!n p1 9 ^: c\ntry x grew4 ,9 ,brittany1 v]va9 is popul>ly t]m$ ! h]b ( ! cross1 & :5 ga!r$ ) a c]ta9 =mula is efficaci\s 9 cur+ w\nds4 #ba ,9 leg5d>y lore1 mu* unc]ta9ty exi/s z to ! tree on :i* ,judas hang$ himself4 ,accord+ to ,sir ,john ,maundeville1 !re x /ood 9 ! vic9ity ( ,m\nt ,sion1 ! tree ( eldre1 t ,judas h5ge himself ^u1 = despeyr1 a leg5d :i* has be5 popul>ly receiv$4 ,%akespe>e1 9 8 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 says ,judas 0 hang$ on an eld]1 & ! /ory is fur!r allud$ to 9 ,pi]s ,pl[man's vision3-- ,judas1 he jap$ ,) ,jew5 silv]1 ,& si!n on an ell]1 ,hang$ himselve4 ,g]>de makes x ! wild c>ob1 a tree :i*1 z already /at$1 0 =m]ly kn[n z ,/4 ,john's bread1 f a popul> belief t ! ,bapti/ f$ ^u x :ile 9 ! wild]ness4 ,a ,sicilian tradition id5tifies ! tree z a tam>isk1 & a ,russian prov]b1 9 allusion to ! asp51 tells u !re is an accurs$ tree :i* trembles )\t ev5 a brea? ( w9d4 ,! fig1 also1 has be5 m5tion$ z ! ill-fat$ tree1 & "s traditions h gone s f> z to say t x 0 ! v same "o z 0 curs$ by our ,"l4 ,z might be expect$1 num]\s plants h become int]wov5 ) ! lives ( ! sa9ts1 a subject on :i* _m works h be5 writt54 ,h5ce x is unnecess>y to d m ?an briefly note "s ( ! m important items ( sacr$ lore :i* h be5 embodi$ 9 _m ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian leg5ds4 ,! yell[ rattle has be5 assign$ to ,/4 ,pet]1 & ! ,primula v]is1 f its resemblance to a bun* ( keys1 is ,/4 ,pet]'s wort4 ,_m fl[]s1 too1 f ! "t ( _! blossom+1 h be5 d$icat$ to c]ta9 sa9ts1 z ! squ>e ,/4 ,john's wort 7,hyp]icum quadrangul>e71 :i* is also kn[n z ,/4 ,pet]'s wort2 :ile 9 ,g]many wall-b>ley is t]m$ ,pet]'s corn4 ,( ! _m leg5ds connect$ ) ! *]ry we are rem9d$ t on "o occasion ,*ri/ gave "o to ,/4 ,pet]1 at ! same "t rem9d+ him n to despise little ?+s4 ,/4 ,james is associat$ ) sev]al plants--! ,/4 ,james' wort 7,s5ecio ,jacoboea71 ei!r f its hav+ be5 mu* us$ = ! diseases ( horses1 ( :i* ! sa9t 0 ! patron1 or ow+ to its blossom+ on 8 fe/ival4 ,! same "n 0 appli$ to ! %eph]d's purse & ! rag-we$4 ,incid5tally1 too1 9 our *apt] on ! cal5d> we h allud$ to _m fl[]s associat$ ) ! sa9ts1 & spok5 ( ! cu/oms obs]v$ 9 _! hon\r4 ,simil>ly ! lat] sa9ts _h p>ticul> fl[]s d$icat$ to _! memory2 &1 inde$1 a complete catalogue ( fl[]s has be5 compil$--"o = ea* day 9 ! ye>--! fl[] 9 _m cases hav+ be5 select$ because x fl[]$ on ! fe/ival ( t sa9t4 ,?us ! common bean 0 d$icat$ to ,/4 ,ignatius1 & ! blue hyac9? to ,/4 ,doro?y1 :ile to ,/4 ,hil>y ! b>r5 /rawb]ry has be5 assign$4 ,/4 ,anne is associat$ ) ! camomile1 & ,/4 ,m>g>et ) ! ,virg9ian dragon's head4 ,!n !re is ,/4 ,an?ony's turnips & ,/4 ,b>b>a's cress--! ,sa9ts' ,floral ,directory1 9 ,hone's ,e-,day ,book1 giv+ a full] & m ext5sive li/4 ,b ! illu/rations we h already giv5 are suffici5t to %[ h[ fully ! names ( ! sa9ts h be5 p]petuat$ by s _m ( our well-kn[n plants n only be+ d$icat$ to1 b nam$ aft] !m1 a fact :i* is p]haps m abundantly ! case on ! ,cont95t4 ,!n1 z x has be5 rem>k$1 fl[]s h virtually become ! timepieces ( our religi\s cal5d>1 rem9d+ u ( ! v>i\s fe/ivals1 z 9 succession !y return1 9 addition to immortalis+ ! hi/ory & ev5ts :i* su* fe/ivals commemorate4 ,9 _m cases1 too1 x %\ld be rememb]$1 ! *oice ( fl[]s = d$ication to c]ta9 sa9ts orig9at$ ei!r 9 _! m$ical virtues or 9 "s old tradition :i* 0 suppos$ to h specially s+l$ !m out = ?is hon\r4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,sanscrit = lotus4 #b4 ,h9du poem1 translat$ by ,sir ,william ,jones4 #c4 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #aah4 #d4 ,folk>d's ,plant ,leg5ds1 p4 #bde4 #e4 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #abj4 #f4 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 cxiv4 #bca4 #g4 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #b4 #h4 ,ibid4 #i4 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 cxiv4 #bce4 #aj4 ,ibid41 p4 #bci4 #aa4 ,fl[]-lore4 #ab4 ,folk>d's ,plant ,leg5ds1 p4 #dd4 #ac4 ,folk>d's ,plant ,leg5ds1 p4 #cie4 #ad4 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #ac4 #ae4 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #gad4 #af4 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #ad4 #ag4 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #ad4 #ah4 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 cxiv4 #bcc2 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #ae4 #ai4 ,see ,b>+-,g\ld's ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages4 #bj4 ,fl[]-lore1 p4 #ab4 #ba4 ,see *apt] on ,folk-,m$ic9e4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,plant ,,sup]/itions4 ,! sup]/iti\s notions :i*1 "u "o =m or ano!r1 h clu/]$ r\nd ! vegetable k+dom1 hold a prom95t place 9 ! field ( folk-lore4 ,to give a full & detail$ acc\nt ( ^! survivals ( bygone beliefs1 w\ld occupy a volume ( no mean size1 s ?ickly scatt]$ are !y among ! traditions & leg5d>y lore ( almo/ e c\ntry4 ,only too frequ5tly1 also1 we f9d ! same sup]/ition assum+ a v diff]5t appe>ance z x travels f "o c\ntry to ano!r1 until at la/ x is almo/ completely dive/$ ( its orig9al dress4 ,repeat$ *anges ( ?is k9d1 :il/ n escap+ ! notice ( ! /ud5t ( comp>ative folk-lore1 are apt to mislead ! casual obs]v] :o1 x may be1 assigns to !m a p>ticul> home 9 8 own c\ntry1 :]eas probably !y h travell$1 be=e arriv+ at _! mod]n de/9ation1 ?\s&s ( miles 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s4 ,!re is said to be a c]ta9 my/]i\s connection betwe5 c]ta9 plants & animals4 ,?us1 sw9e :5 affect$ ) ! sple5 are suppos$ to resort to ! sple5-wort1 & accord+ to ,coles1 9 8 ,art ( ,simpl+1 ! ass does likewise1 = he tells u t1 if ! asse be oppress$ ) melan*oly1 he eates ( ! h]be asplemon or mill-wa/e1 & eases himself ( ! swell+ ( ! sple54 ,"o ( ! popul> names ( ! common s[-?i/le 7,son*us ol]aceus7 is h>e's-palace1 f ! %elt] x is suppos$ to af=d ! h>e4 ,accord+ to ! ,grete ,h]bale1 if ! h>e come "u x1 he is sure t no bea/ c t\* hym4 ,topsell also1 9 8 ,natural ,hi/ory1 alludes to ?is sup]/ition3--,:5 h>es are ov]come ) heat1 !y eat ( an h]b call$ ,latuca lepor9a1 t is1 h>e's-lettuce1 h>e's-h\se1 h>e's-palace2 & !re is no disease 9 ?is bea/ ! cure :]e( %e does n seek = 9 ?is h]b4 ,! h\nd's-tongue 7cynoglossum7 has be5 reput$ to h ! magical prop]ty ( prev5t+ dogs b>k+ at a p]son1 if laid b5ea? ! feet2 & ,g]>de says t wild goats or de]1 :5 !y be w\nd$ ) arr[s1 d %ake !m out by eat+ ( ?is plant1 & heal _! w\nds4 ,bacon 9 8 ,natural ,hi/ory alludes to ano!r curi\s idea connect$ ) goats1 & says1 ,!re are "s te>s ( trees1 :i* are comb$ f ! be>ds ( goats2 = :5 ! goats bite & crop !m1 especially 9 ! morn+1 ! dew be+ on1 ! te> come? =?1 & hange? ^u _! be>ds2 ( ?is sort is "s k9d ( laudanum4 ,! columb9e 0 once kn[n z ,h]ba leonis1 f a belief t x 0 ! lion's fav\rite plant1 & x is said t :5 be>s 7 half-/>v$ by hyb]nat+--hav+ rema9$ = days )\t food--!y 7 sudd5ly re/or$ by eat+ ! arum4 ,!re is a curi\s tradition 9 ,pi$mont1 t if a h>e be spr9kl$ ) ! juice ( h5bane1 all ! h>es 9 ! neighb\rhood w run away z if sc>$ by "s invisible p[]4 ,g]>de also alludes to an old belief t cats1 ,are mu* delight$ ) catm9t1 = ! smell ( x is s pleasant unto !m1 t !y rub !mselves ^u x1 & swall[ or tumble 9 x1 & also fe$ on ! bran*es v gre$ily4 ,& accord+ to an old prov]b !y h a lik+ = ! plant m>am3-- ,if y set x1 ! cats w eat x2 ,if y s[ x1 ! cats won't "k x4 ,equally fond1 too1 are cats ( val]ian1 be+ said to dig up ! roots & gnaw !m to pieces1 an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ,topsell's ,f\r-foot$ ,bea/s 7#afeh-ha73--,! root ( ! h]b val]ian 7commonly call$ ,phu7 is v l to ! eye ( a cat1 & :]esoev] x gr[e?1 if cats come !reunto !y in/antly dig x up = ! love !re(1 z ,i myself h se5 9 m9e own g>d51 = x smelle? moreov] l a cat4 ,!n !re is ! moonwort1 fam\s = draw+ ! nails out ( horses' %oes1 & h5ce kn[n by ! ru/ic "n ( un%oe ! horse2 :ile ! m\se-e> 0 cr$it$ ) prev5t+ ! horses be+ hurt :5 %od4 ,we h already allud$ to ! sup]/itions relat+ to birds & plants1 b may m5tion ano!r relat+ to ! cel&9e4 ,"o ( ! well-kn[n names ( ?is plant is swall[-wort1 s t]m$1 says ,g]>de1 n1 because x fir/ spr+e? at ! com+ 9 ( ! swall[s1 or die? :5 !y g away1 = x may be f\nd all ! ye>1 b because "s hold op9ion t ) ?is h]be ! d>ns re/ore eyesight to _! "y ones1 :5 _! eye be put out4 ,coles /r5g!ns ! evid5ce 9 fav\r ( ?is odd notion by add+3 ,x is kn[n to su* z h skill ( nature1 :at wond]ful c>e %e ha? ( ! smalle/ creatures1 giv+ to !m a k ( m$ic9e to help !mselves1 if haply diseases annoy !m4 ,! swall[ cure? h] dim eyes ) cel&9e2 ! wesell kn[e? well ! virtue ( h]b-grace2 ! dove ! v]v52 ! dogge dis*>ge? 8 mawe ) a k9d ( grasse1 c4 ,9 ,italy cum9 is giv5 to pigeons = ! purpose ( tam+ !m1 & a curi\s sup]/ition is t ( ! div9+-rod1 ) its v]satile s5sibility to wat]1 ore1 treasure & ?ieves1 & "o ^: hi/ory is app>5tly z remote z x is widespread4 ,francis ,l5ormant1 9 8 ,*aldean ,magic1 m5tions ! div9+-rods us$ by ! ,magi1 :]e) !y =etold ! future by ?r[+ little /icks ( tam>isk-wood1 & adds t div9ation by w&s 0 kn[n & practis$ 9 ,babylon1 & t ?is 0 ev5 ! mo/ anci5t mode ( div9ation us$ 9 ! "t ( ! ,accadians4 ,among ! ,h9dus1 ev5 9 ! ,v$ic p]iod1 magic w&s 7 9 use1 & ! practice /ill survives 9 ,*9a1 :]e ! pea*-tree is 9 dem&4 ,trac+ its antec$5t hi/ory 9 ?is c\ntry1 x appe>s t ! ,druids 7 9 ! habit ( cutt+ _! div9+-rods f ! apple-tree2 & v>i\s notices ( ?is once popul> fallacy occur f "t to "t1 9 ! lit]ature ( bygone ye>s4 ,! hazel 0 =m]ly fam\s = its p[]s ( disc]nm5t1 & x is /ill held 9 repute by ! ,italians4 ,occasionally1 too1 z already notic$1 ! div9+-rod 0 employ$ = ! purpose ( detect+ ! locality ( wat]1 z is /ill ! case 9 ,wilt%ire4 ,an int]e/+ case 0 quot$ "s ye>s ago 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review 7xxii4 #bgc74 ,a c]ta9 ,lady ,n----is "h /at$ to h conv9c$ ,dr4 ,hutton ( h] possession ( ?is rem>kable gift1 & by means ( x to h indicat$ to him ! exi/5ce ( a spr+ ( wat] 9 "o ( 8 fields adjo9+ ! ,woolwi* ,college1 :i*1 9 consequ5ce ( ! discov]y1 he 0 enabl$ to sell to ! college at a high] price4 ,?is p[] ,lady ,n----repeat$ly exhibit$ be=e cr$ible witnesses1 & ! ,qu>t]ly ,review ( t day consid]$ ! fact indisputable4 ,! div9+-rod has long be5 9 repute among ,corni% m9]s1 & ,pryce1 9 8 ,m9]alogia ,cornubi5sis1 says t _m m9es h be5 discov]$ by ?is means2 b1 aft] giv+ a m9ute acc\nt ( cutt+1 ty+1 & us+ x1 he rejects x1 because1 ,cornwall is s pl5tifully /or$ ) t9 & copp] lodes1 t "s accid5t e week discov]s to u a fre% ve94 ,bill+sley1 9 8 ,agricultural ,survey ( ! ,c\nty ( ,cornwall1 publi%$ 9 ! ye> #agig1 speaks ( ! belief ( ! ,m5dip m9]s 9 ! efficacy ( ! my/ic rod3--,! g5]al me?od ( discov]+ ! situation & direction ( ^? seams ( ore 7:i* lie at v>i\s dep?s1 f five to tw5ty fa?oms1 9 a *asm betwe5 two in*es ( solid rock7 is by ! help ( ! div9+-rod1 vulg>ly call$ jos+2 & a v>iety ( /rong te/imonies are adduc$ 9 support+ ?is doctr9e4 ,s confid5t are ! common m9]s ( ! efficacy1 t !y sc>cely ev] s9k a %aft b by its direction2 & ^? :o are dext]\s 9 ! use ( x1 w m>k on ! surface ! c\rse & bread? ( ! ve92 & aft] t1 ) ! assi/ance ( ! rod1 w foll[ ! same c\rse tw5ty times foll[+ bl9dfold$4 ,anecdotes ( ! k9d are v num]\s1 = !re are few subjects 9 folk-lore conc]n+ :i* m has be5 writt5 ?an on ! div9+-rod1 "o ( ! mo/ exhau/ive be+ t ( ,mr4 ,b>+-,g\ld 9 8 ,curi\s ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,! lit]ature1 too1 ( ! pa/ is ri* 9 allusions to ?is piece ( sup]/ition1 & ,swift 9 8 ,virtues ( ,sid ,hamet ! ,magician's ,rod 7#agaj7 ?us ref]s to x3-- ,!y tell u some?+ /range & odd ,ab\t a c]ta9 magic rod ,t1 b5d+ d[n its top1 div9es ,:5e'er ! soil has gold5 m9es2 ,:]e !re are none1 x /&s erect1 ,scorn+ to %[ ! lea/ respect4 ,z ready 0 ! w& ( ,sid ,to b5d :]e gold5 m9es 7 hid4 ,9 ,scotti% hills f\nd preci\s ore1 ,:]e none e'er look$ = x be=e2 ,& by a g5tle b[ div9$1 ,h[ well a ,cully's purse 0 l9$2 ,to a =lorn & brok5 rake1 ,/ood )\t motion l a /ake4 ,de ,qu9cey has sev]al amus+ allusions to ?is fallacy1 affirm+ t he _h actually se5 on m ?an "o occasion ! process appli$ ) success1 & decl>$ t1 9 spite ( all sci5ce or scepticism might say1 mo/ ( ! tea-kettles 9 ! ,vale ( ,wr+ton1 ,nor? ,som]set%ire1 are fill$ by rhabdomancy4 ,b x mu/ be admitt$ t ! ph5om5a ( ! div9+-rod & table-turn+ are ( precisely ! same "*1 bo? be+ ref]able to an involunt>y muscul> action result+ f a fix$ness ( idea4 ,moreov]1 x %\ld be rememb]$ t exp]im5ts ) ! div9+-rod are g5]ally made 9 a di/rict kn[n to be metallif]\s1 & !re=e ! *ances are greatly 9 fav\r ( its b5d+ ov] or ne> a m9]al lode4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is surpris+ h[ _m p ( culture h1 at diff]5t times1 9 ?is & o!r c\ntries1 display$ a lam5table weakness 9 p>tially accept+ ?is piece ( sup]/ition4 ,( ! _m anecdotes relat$ respect+ x1 we may quote an amus+ "o 9 connection ) ! celebrat$ botani/1 ,l9naeus3--,:5 he 0 on "o ( 8 voyages1 he>+ 8 secret>y highly extol ! virtues ( 8 div9+-w&1 he 0 will+ to conv9ce him ( its insuffici5cy1 & = t purpose conceal$ a purse ( "o hundr$ ducats "u a ranunculus1 :i* grew up by itself 9 a mead[1 & bid ! secret>y f9d x if he c\ld4 ,! w& discov]$ no?+1 & ,l9naeus' m>k 0 soon trampl$ d[n by ! company :o 7 pres5t1 s t :5 he w5t to f9i% ! exp]im5t by fet*+ ! gold himself1 he 0 utt]ly at a loss :]e to f9d x4 ,! man ) ! w& assi/$ him1 & in=m$ him t x c\ld n lie 9 ! way !y 7 go+1 b q ! contr>y1 s pursu$ ! direction ( ! w&1 & actually dug out ! gold4 ,l9naeus !reupon add$ t su* ano!r exp]im5t w\ld be suffici5t to make a proselyte ( him4 #a ,9 #afei1 ! ,jesuit1 ,gasp>d ,s*ott1 tells u t ?is magic rod 0 at ?is p]iod us$ 9 e t[n 9 ,g]many1 & t he _h frequ5tly _h opportunities ( see+ x us$ 9 ! discov]y ( hidd5 treasure4 ,he fur!r adds3--,i se>*$ ) ! greate/ c>e into ! "q :e!r ! hazel rod _h any sympa?y ) gold & silv]1 & :e!r any natural prop]ty set x 9 motion4 ,9 l mann]1 ,i tri$ :e!r a r+ ( metal1 held susp5d$ by a ?read 9 ! mid/ ( a tumbl]1 & :i* /rikes ! h\rs1 is mov$ by any simil> =ce4 ,b _m ( ! my/]i\s effects ( ^! s-call$ div9+-rods 7 no d\bt due to clev] impo/ure4 ,9 ! ye> #agij1 ,plunet1 a native ( ,dauph91 claim$ a p[] ov] ! div9+-rod :i* attract$ consid]able att5tion 9 ,italy4 ,b :5 c>efully te/$ by sci5tific m5 9 ,padua1 8 attempts to discov] buri$ metals completely fail$2 & at ,flor5ce he 0 detect$ try+ to f9d out by night :at he _h secret$ to te/ 8 p[]s on ! morr[4 ,! a/rolog] ,lilly made sundry exp]im5ts ) ! div9+-rod1 b 0 n always successful2 & ! ,jesuit1 ,kir*]1 tri$ ! p[]s ( c]ta9 rods :i* 7 said to h sympa!tic influ5ces = p>ticul> metals1 b !y nev] turn$ on ! approa* ( ^!4 ,once m1 9 ! ,%eph]d's ,cal5d>1 we f9d a receipt to make ! ,mosaic w& to f9d hidd5 treasure )\t ! int]v5tion ( a human op]ator3--,cut a hazel w& =k$ at ! upp] end l a ,y4 ,peel (f ! r9d1 & dry x 9 a mod]ate heat1 !n /eep x 9 ! juice ( wake-rob9 or night%ade1 & cut ! s+le l[] end %>p2 & :]e y suppose any ri* m9e or hidd5 treasure is ne>1 place a piece ( ! same metal y conceive is hid1 or 9 ! e>?1 to ! top ( "o ( ! =ks by a hair1 & d ! l to ! o!r end2 pit* ! %>p s+le end lightly to ! gr\nd at ! go+ d[n ( ! sun1 ! moon be+ 9 ! increase1 & 9 ! morn+ at sunrise1 by a natural sympa?y1 y w f9d ! metal incl9+1 z x 7 po9t+1 to ! places :]e ! o!r is hid4 ,accord+ to a ,tuscany belief1 ! almond w discov] treasures2 & ! gold5 rod has long _h ! reputation 9 ,engl& ( po9t+ to hidd5 spr+s ( wat]1 z well z to treasures ( gold & silv]4 ,simil>ly1 ! spr+-wort & primrose--! key-fl[]--reveal$ ! hidd5 recesses 9 m\nta9s :]e treasures 7 conceal$1 & ! my/ic f]n-se$1 t]m$ wi%-se$1 0 suppos$ 9 ! ,tyrol to make kn[n hidd5 gold2 &1 accord+ to a ,li?uanian =m ( ?is sup]/ition1 "o :o secures treasures by ?is means w be pursu$ by add]s1 ! gu>dians ( ! gold4 ,plants ( ?is k9d rem9d u ( ! magic sesame :i*1 at ! comm& ( ,ali ,baba1 9 ! /ory ( ! ,=ty ,?ieves1 gave him imm$iate admission to ! secret treasure-cave4 ,once m1 among fur!r plants possess+ ! same my/ic prop]ty may be m5tion$ ! s[-?i/le1 :i*1 :5 invok$1 discloses hidd5 treasures4 ,9 ,sicily a bran* ( ! pomegranate tree is consid]$ to be a mo/ effectual means ( asc]ta9+ ! :]eab\ts ( conceal$ weal?4 ,h5ce x has be5 inve/$ ) an almo/ rev]5tial awe1 & has be5 g5]ally employ$ :5 se>* has be5 made = "s valuable lo/ prop]ty4 ,9 ,silesia1 ,?ur+ia1 & ,bohemia ! m&rake is1 9 addition to its _m my/ic prop]ties1 connect$ ) ! idea ( hidd5 treasures4 ,num]\s plants are said to be ei!r lucky or ! rev]se1 & h5ce h giv5 rise to all k9ds ( odd beliefs1 "s ( :i* /ill survive 9 our mid/1 hav+ come d[n f a remote p]iod4 ,!re is 9 _m places a curi\s antipa?y to uproot+ ! h\se-leek1 "s p]sons ev5 dislik+ to let x blossom1 & a simil> prejudice seems to h exi/$ aga9/ ! cuckoo-fl[]1 =1 if f\nd accid5tally inv]t$ 9 a ,may g>l&1 x 0 at once de/roy$4 ,9 ,prussia x is reg>d$ z om9\s = a bride to plant myrtle1 al?\gh 9 ?is c\ntry x has ! reputation ( be+ a lucky plant4 ,accord+ to a ,som]set%ire say+1 ,! fl[]+ myrtle is ! luckie/ plant to h 9 y\r w9d[1 wat] x e morn+1 & be pr\d ( x4 ,we may note "h t !re are _m odd beliefs connect$ ) ! myrtle4 ,speak+ to a lady1 says a correspond5t ( ! ,a!naeum 7,feb4 #e1 #ahdh71 ( ! difficulty :i* ,i _h always f\nd 9 gett+ a slip ( myrtle to gr[1 %e directly acc\nt$ = my failure by obs]v+ t p]haps ,i _h n spread ! tail or skirt ( my dress1 & look$ pr\d dur+ ! "t ,i 0 plant+ x4 ,x is a popul> belief 9 ,som]set%ire t unless a slip ( myrtle is s plant$1 x w nev] take root4 ,! deadly night%ade is a plant ( ill om51 & ,g]>de describ+ x says1 if y w foll[ my c\nsel1 deal n ) ! same 9 any case1 & bani% x f y\r g>d5s1 & ! use ( x also1 be+ a plant s furi\s & deadly2 = x br+e? su* z h eat5 !re( into a dead sleep1 :]e9 _m h di$4 ,!re is a /rong prejudice to s[+ p>sley1 & equally a great dislike to transplant+ x1 ! latt] notion be+ f\nd 9 ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,likewise1 accord+ to a ,devon%ire belief1 x is highly unlucky to plant a b$ ( lilies ( ! valley1 z ! p]son do+ s w probably die 9 ! c\rse ( ! next twelve mon?s4 ,! )]+ ( plants has long be5 reg>d$ om9\s1 &1 accord+ to a ,wel% sup]/ition1 if !re are fad$ leaves 9 a room :]e a baby is *ri/5$ x w soon die4 ,( ! _m om5s af=d$ by ! oak1 we are told t ! *ange ( its leaves f _! usual col\r gave m ?an once fatal premonition ( com+ mis=tunes dur+ ! great civil w>s2 & ,bacon m5tions a tradition t if ! oak-apple1 brok51 be full ( worms1 x is a sign ( a pe/il5t ye>4 ,9 old5 times ! decay ( ! bay-tree 0 consid]$ an om5 ( disa/]1 & x is /at$ t1 previ\s to ! dea? ( ,n]o1 ?\gh ! w9t] 0 v mild1 all ^! trees )]$ to ! roots1 & t a great pe/il5ce 9 ,padua 0 prec$$ by ! same ph5om5on4 #b ,%akespe>e speaks ( ?is sup]/ition3-- ',tis ?\ght ! k+ is dead2 we w n /ay1 ,! bay-trees 9 our c\nty are all )]$4 ,lupton1 9 8 ,notable ,?+s1 tells u t1 ,if a fir-tree be t\*$1 )]$1 or burn$ ) lightn+1 x signifies t ! ma/] or mi/ress !re( %all %ortly die4 ,x is difficult1 z we h already not$ 9 a previ\s *apt]1 to discov] :y "s ( our sweete/ & faire/ spr+-fl[]s %\ld be associat$ ) ill-luck4 ,9 ! we/]n c\nties1 = in/ance1 "o %\ld nev] take less ?an a h&ful ( primroses or violets into a f>m]'s h\se1 z neglect ( ?is rule is said to affect ! success ( ! duckl+s & *ick5s4 ,a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies 7,i4 ,s]4 vii4 #bja7 writes3--,my gravity 0 sorely tri$ by be+ call$ on to settle a qu>rel betwe5 two old wom51 aris+ f "o ( !m hav+ giv5 "o primrose to h] neighb\r's *ild1 = ! purpose ( mak+ h] h5s hat* b "o egg out ( ea* set ( eggs1 & x 0 s]i\sly ma9ta9$ t ! *>m _h be5 successful4 ,9 ! same way x is held unlucky to introduce ! fir/ sn[drop ( ! ye> into a h\se1 =1 z a ,sussex woman once rem>k$1 ,x looks = all ! _w l a corpse 9 its %r\d4 ,we may repeat1 too1 aga9 ! famili> adage3-- ,if y sweep ! h\se ) blossom$ broom 9 ,may1 ,y are sure to sweep ! head ( ! h\se away4 ,& !re is ! common sup]/ition t :]e roses & violets bloom 9 autumn1 x is indicative ( "s epidemic 9 ! foll[+ ye>2 :]eas1 if a :ite rose put =? unexpect$ly1 x is believ$ 9 ,g]many to be a sign ( dea? 9 ! ne>e/ h\se2 & 9 "s p>ts ( ,essex !re is a curr5t belief t sickness or dea? w inevitably ensue if blossoms ( ! :ite?orn be br\ght into a h\se2 ! idea 9 ,norfolk be+ t no "o w be m>ri$ f ! h\se dur+ ! ye>4 ,ano!r om9\s sign is t ( plants %$d+ _! leaves1 or ( _! blossoms fall+ to pieces4 ,?us ! peasantry 9 "s places affirm t ! dropp+ ( ! leaves ( a pea*-tree betok5s a murra92 & 9 ,italy x is held unlucky = a rose to d s4 ,a well-kn[n illu/ration ( ?is sup]/ition occurr$ _m ye>s ago 9 ! case ( ! un=tunate ,miss ,bay1 :o 0 murd]$ at ! piazza entrance ( ,cov5t ,g>d5 by ,hackman 7,april #aggi71 ! foll[+ acc\nt ( :i* we quote f ! ,life & ,correspond5ce ( ,m4 ,g4 ,lewis3-- ,:5 ! c>riage 0 ann\nc$1 & %e 0 adju/+ h] dress1 ,mr4 ,lewis happ5$ to make "s rem>k on a beautiful rose :i* ,miss ,kay wore 9 h] bosom4 ,j z ! words 7 utt]$ ! fl[] fell to ! gr\nd4 ,%e imm$iately /oop$ to rega9 x1 b z %e pick$ x up1 ! r$ leaves scatt]$ !mselves on ! c>pet1 & ! /alk alone rema9$ 9 h] h&4 ,! poor girl1 :o _h be5 depress$ 9 spirits be=e1 0 evid5tly affect$ by ?is incid5t1 & said1 9 a slightly falt]+ voice1 ',i tru/ ,i am n to consid] ?is z an evil om56' ,b soon rally+1 %e express$ to ,mr4 ,lewis1 9 a *e]ful tone1 h] hope t !y w\ld meet aga9 aft] ! !atre--a hope1 alas6 :i* x 0 decre$ %\ld n be realis$4 ,accord+ to a ,g]man belief1 "o :o ?r[s a rose into a grave w wa/e away4 ,!re is a notion preval5t 9 ,dorset%ire t a h\se :]e9 ! plant b]gamot is kept w nev] be free f sickness2 & 9 ,norfolk x is said to be unlucky to take into a h\se a bun* ( ! grass call$ maid5-hair1 or1 z x is also t]m$1 dudd]-grass4 ,among fur!r plants ( ill om5 may be m5tion$ ! bluebell 7,campanula rotundifolia71 :i* 9 c]ta9 p>ts ( ,scotl& 0 call$ ,! aul' man's bell1 & 0 reg>d$ ) a sort ( dread1 & commonly left unpull$4 ,9 ,cumb]l&1 ab\t ,cock]m\?1 ! r$ campion 7,ly*nis diurna7 is call$ "m-die1 & "y p believe t if pluck$ "s mis=tune w happ5 to _! p>5ts4 ,a simil> belief atta*es to ! h]b-rob]t 7,g]anium rob]tianum7 9 ,we/ ,cumb]l&1 :]e x is nicknam$ ,dea? come quickly2 & 9 c]ta9 p>ts ( ,york%ire !re is a notion t if a *ild ga!r ! g]m&] spe$well 7,v]onica *amo$rys71 its "m w die dur+ ! ye>4 ,h]rick has a pretty allusion to ! daffodil3-- ,:5 a daffodil ,i see ,hang+ d[n h] head t'w>ds me1 ,guess ,i may :at ,i mu/ be3 ,fir/1 ,i %all decl9e my head2 ,secondly1 ,i %all be dead2 ,la/ly1 safely buri$4 ,9 ,g]many1 ! m>igold is ) ! greate/ c>e exclud$ f ! fl[]s ) :i* "y wom5 te/ _! love-affairs2 & 9 ,au/ria x is held unlucky to pluck ! crocus1 z x draws away ! /r5g?4 ,an a% leaf is /ill frequ5tly employ$ = invok+ good luck1 & 9 ,cornwall we f9d ! old popul> =mula /ill 9 use3-- ,ev5 a%1 ,i d !e pluck1 ,hop+ ?us to meet good luck2 ,if no good luck ,i get f !e1 ,i %all wi% !e on ! tree4 ,& !re is ! foll[+ well-kn[n c\plet3-- ,) a f\r-leav$ clov]1 a d\ble-leav$ a%1 & a gre5-topp$ leave1 ,y may g be=e ! que5's daught] )\t ask+ leave4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! f9d] ( ! five-leav$ clov]1 x is said1 w h bad luck4 ,9 ,scotl& #c x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y to c>ry on ! p]son a piece ( tor*-fir = good luck--a sup]/ition :i*1 ,mr4 ,conway rem>ks1 is f\nd 9 ! gold-m9es ( ,cali=nia1 :]e ! m5 tip a cone ) ! fir/ gold !y discov]1 & keep x z a *>m to ensure good luck 9 future4 ,nuts1 aga91 h g5]ally be5 cr$it$ ) propiti\s qualities1 & h accord+ly be5 ext5sively us$ = div9ation4 ,9 "s my/]i\s way1 too1 !y are suppos$ to influ5ce ! population1 = :5 pl5tiful1 !re is said to be a correspond+ increase ( babies4 ,9 ,russia ! peasantry frequ5tly c>ry a nut 9 _! purses1 f a belief t x w act z a *>m 9 _! ef=ts to make money4 ,/]nb]g1 9 8 ,nor?ampton%ire ,gloss>y 7#afc71 says t ! discov]y ( a d\ble nut1 presages well = ! f9d]1 & unless he m>s 8 good =tune by swall[+ bo? k]nels1 is consid]$ an infallible sign ( approa*+ 'luck4' ,! or?odox way 9 su* cases consi/s 9 eat+ "o1 & ?r[+ ! o!r ov] ! %\ld]4 ,! ,icel&]s h a curi\s idea respect+ ! m\nta9-a%1 affirm+ t x is an enemy ( ! junip]1 & t if "o is plant$ on "o side ( a tree1 & ! o!r on ! o!r1 !y w split x4 ,x is also ass]t$ t if bo? are kept 9 ! same h\se x w be burnt d[n2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 !re is a belief among "s sailors t if r[an-tree be us$ 9 a %ip1 x w s9k ! vessel unless junip] be f\nd on bo>d4 ,9 ! ,tyrol1 ! ,osmunda regalis1 call$ ! bloom+ f]n1 is plac$ ov] ! door = good tee?2 & ,mr4 ,conway1 too1 9 8 valuable pap]s1 to :i* we h be5 (t5 indebt$ 9 ! previ\s *apt]s1 says t !re are circum/ances "u :i* all fl[]s are injuri\s4 ,!y mu/ n be laid on ! b$ ( a sick p]son1 accord+ to a ,silesian sup]/ition2 & 9 ,we/phalia & ,?ur+ia1 no *ild "u a ye> old mu/ be p]mitt$ to wrea! itself ) fl[]s1 or x w soon die4 ,fl[]s1 says a common ,g]man say+1 mu/ 9 no case be laid on ! m\? ( a corpse1 s9ce ! dead man may *ew !m1 :i* w\ld make him a ',na*zehr]1' or "o :o draws 8 relatives to ! grave aft] him4 ,9 ,hung>y1 ! burnet saxifrage 7,pimp9ella saxifraga7 is a my/ic plant1 :]e x is popul>ly nicknam$ ,*aba's salve1 !re be+ an old tradition t x 0 discov]$ by ,k+ ,*aba1 :o cur$ ! w\nds ( fifte5 ?\s& ( 8 m5 aft] a bloody battle f\ght aga9/ 8 bro!r4 ,9 ,hesse1 x is said t ) knots ti$ 9 will[ "o may slay a di/ant enemy2 & ! ,bohemians h a belief t sev5-ye>-old *ildr5 w become beautiful by danc+ 9 ! flax4 ,b _m sup]/itions h clu/]$ r\nd ! latt] plant1 x hav+ 9 ye>s gone by be5 a popul> notion t x w only fl[] at ! "t ( day on :i* x 0 orig9ally s[n4 ,to sp9 on ,saturday is said 9 ,g]many to br+ ill =tune1 & z a w>n+ ! foll[+ leg5d is among ! h\sehold tales ( ! peasantry3--,two old wom51 good fri5ds1 7 ! mo/ indu/ri\s sp9n]s 9 _! village1 ,saturday f9d+ !m z engross$ 9 _! "w z on ! o!r days ( ! week4 ,at l5g? "o ( !m di$1 b on ! ,saturday ev5+ foll[+ %e appe>$ to ! o!r1 :o1 z usual1 0 busy at h] :eel1 & %[+ h] burn+ h&1 said3-- ',see :at ,i 9 hell h won1 ,because on ,saturday eve ,i spun4' ,flax1 nev]!less1 is a lucky plant1 = 9 ,?ur+ia1 :5 a "y woman gets m>ri$1 %e places flax 9 h] %oes z a *>m aga9/ pov]ty4 ,x is suppos$1 also1 to h heal?-giv+ virtues2 = 9 ,g]many1 :5 an infant seems weakly & ?rives sl[ly1 x is plac$ nak$ ^u ! turf on ,midsumm] day1 & flax-se$ is spr9kl$ ov] x2 ! idea be+ t z ! flax-se$ gr[s s ! infant w gradually gr[ /rong]4 ,( ! _m beliefs atta*$ to ! a%-tree1 we are told 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& t if ! fir/ p>+s ( a *ild's nails be buri$ b5ea? its roots1 x w ev5tually turn out1 to use ! local phrase1 a top-s+]1 & !re is a popul> sup]/ition t :]ev] ! purple hone/y 7,lun>ia bi5nis7 fl\ri%es1 ! cultivators ( ! g>d5 are not$ = _! hone/y4 ,! snapdragon1 :i* 9 ye>s gone by 0 mu* cultivat$ = its %[y blossoms1 0 said to h a sup]natural influ5ce1 & among/ o!r qualities to possess ! p[] ( de/roy+ *>ms4 ,_m fur!r illu/rations ( ?is class ( sup]/ition might easily be add$1 s ?ickly int]wov5 are !y ) ! hi/ory ( mo/ ( our famili> wild-fl[]s4 ,"o fur!r sup]/ition may be notic$1 an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7,act i4 sc4 i73-- ,! /rawb]ry gr[s und]nea? ! nettle1 ,& :olesome b]ries ?rive & rip5 be/ ,neighb\r'd by fruit ( bas] quality2 ,x hav+ be5 ! common notion t plants 7 affect$ by ! neighb\rhood ( o!r plants to su* an ext5t t !y imbib$ ea* o!r's virtues & faults4 ,accord+ly sweet fl[]s 7 plant$ ne> fruit-trees1 ) ! idea ( improv+ ! flav\r ( ! fruit2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 evil-smell+ trees1 l ! eld]1 7 c>efully clean$ away f fruit-trees1 le/ !y %\ld become ta9t$4 #d ,fur!r sup]/itions h be5 incid5tally allud$ to ?r\gh\t ! pres5t volume1 necess>ily associat$ z !y are ) mo/ sections ( plant folk-lore4 ,x %\ld also be notic$ t 9 ! v>i\s folk-tales :i* h be5 collect$ toge!r 9 rec5t ye>s1 _m curi\s plant sup]/itions are introduc$1 al?\gh1 to suit ! surr\nd+s ( ! /ory1 !y h only too frequ5tly be5 modifi$1 or ! rev]se4 ,at ! same "t1 embelli%m5ts ( ! k9d are int]e/+1 z %[+ h[ famili> ^! tradition>y beliefs 7 9 old5 times to ! /ory-tell]1 & h[ ready he 0 to avail himself ( !m4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see ,b>+-,g]ald's ,curi\s ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages4 #b4 ,+ram's ,florica ,symbolica1 p4 #cbf4 #c4 ,/ew>t's ,popul> ,sup]/itions ( ! ,highl&]s4 #d4 ,see ,ellacombe's ,plant-lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cai4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,plants ,,9 ,,folk-,,m$ic9e4 ,f ! e>lie/ times plants h be5 mo/ ext5sively us$ 9 ! cure ( disease1 al?\gh 9 days ( old x 0 n s mu* _! inh]5t m$ic9al prop]ties :i* br\ght !m into repute z _! suppos$ magical virtues4 ,(t5times1 9 tru?1 ! only m]it ( a plant lay 9 ! *>m =mula atta*$ to x1 ! due utt]ance ( :i* ensur$ relief to ! pati5t4 ,orig9ally !re c be no d\bt t su* v]bal =ms 7 pray]s1 s9ce dw9dl$ into my/ic s5t5ces4 #a ,aga91 be=e a plant c\ld "w its heal+ p[]s1 due reg>d _h to be paid to ! planet "u ^: influ5ce x 0 suppos$ to be2 #b = ,aubrey m5tions an old belief t if a plant be n ga!r$ accord+ to ! rules ( a/rology1 x ha? little or no virtue 9 x4 ,h5ce1 9 accordance ) ?is notion1 we f9d num]\s directions = ! cutt+ & prep>+ ( c]ta9 plants = m$ic9al purposes1 a curi\s li/ ( :i* occurs 9 ,culpepp]'s ,briti% ,h]bal & ,family ,physician4 ,?is old h]bali/1 :o 0 a /rong believ] 9 a/rology1 tells u t su* z are ( ?is way ( ?9k+1 & none else1 are fit to be physicians4 ,b he 0 n ! only "o :o _h /rict views on ?is matt]1 z ! lit]ature ( 8 day proves--a/rology1 too1 hav+ held a prom95t place 9 mo/ ( ! g>d5+ books ( ! same p]iod4 ,mi*ael ,drayton1 :o has *ronicl$ s _m ( ! cr$ulities ( 8 "t1 ref]r+ to ! longevity ( ant$iluvian m51 writes3-- ,besides1 9 m$ic9e1 simples _h ! p[] ,t none ne$ !n ! planet>y h\r ,to help _! work+e1 !y s juiceful 74 ,! add]'s-tongue1 if pluck$ dur+ ! wane ( ! moon1 0 a cure = tum\rs1 & !re is a ,swabian belief t "o1 :o on ,friday ( ! full moon pulls up ! am>an? by ! root1 & fold+ x 9 a :ite clo?1 we>s x aga9/ 8 nak$ brea/1 w be made bullet-pro(4 #c ,consumptive pati5ts1 9 old5 times1 7 ?ree times pass$1 ,?r\gh a circul> wrea? ( woodb9e1 cut dur+ ! increase ( ! ,m>* moon1 & let d[n ov] ! body f head to foot4 #d ,9 ,france1 too1 at ! pres5t day1 ! v]va9 is ga!r$ "u ! diff]5t *anges ( ! moon1 ) secret incantations1 aft] :i* x is said to possess rem>kable curative prop]ties4 ,9 ,cornwall1 ! club-moss1 if prop]ly ga!r$1 is consid]$ good aga9/ all diseases ( ! eye4 ,! mode ( proc$ure is ?is3--,on ! ?ird day ( ! moon1 :5 ! ?9 cresc5t is se5 = ! fir/ "t1 %[ x ! knife ) :i* ! moss is to be cut1 & repeat ?is =mula3-- ',z ,*ri/ heal$ ! issue ( blood1 ,d ?\ cut :at ?\ cutte/ = good4' ,at sund[n1 ! op]ator1 aft] c>efully wa%+ 8 h&s1 is to cut ! club-moss kneel+4 ,x is !n to be wrapp$ 9 a :ite clo?1 & subsequ5tly boil$ 9 wat] tak5 f ! spr+ ne>e/ to its place ( gr[?4 ,?is may be us$ z a fom5tation1 or ! club-moss may be made into an o9tm5t ) ! butt] f ! milk ( a new c[4 #e ,"s plants h1 f "t immemorial1 be5 mu* 9 reque/ f ! season or p]iod ( _! bloom+1 beyond :i* fact x is difficult to acc\nt = ! virtues ascrib$ to !m4 ,?us1 among ! ,romans1 ! fir/ anemone ( ! ye>1 :5 ga!r$ ) ?is =m ( incantation1 ,i ga!r !e = a rem$y aga9/ disease1 0 reg>d$ z a pres]vative f fev]2 a survival ( :i* belief /ill prevails 9 our own c\ntry3-- ,! fir/ spr+-bl[n anemone %e 9 8 d\blet wove1 ,to keep him safe f pe/il5ce :]ev] he %\ld rove4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 "s c\ntries !re is a v /rong prejudice aga9/ ! wild anemone1 ! air be+ said to be s ta9t$ by !m1 t !y :o inhale x (t5 incur sev]e sickness4 #f ,simil>ly we may comp>e ! notion t fl[]s bloom+ out ( season h a fatal significance1 z we h not$ else:]e4 ,! sacr$ associations atta*$ to _m plants h inve/$ !m1 at all times1 ) a sci5tific repute 9 ! heal+ art1 in/ances ( :i* may be trac$ up to a v e>ly p]iod4 ,?us1 ! peony1 :i*1 f its my?ical div9e orig91 0 an important fl[] 9 ! primitive ph>macopoeia1 has ev5 9 mod]n times reta9$ its reputation2 & to ?is day ,sussex mo!rs put necklaces ( beads turn$ f ! peony root ar\nd _! *ildr5's necks1 to prev5t convulsions & to assi/ !m 9 _! tee?+4 ,:5 worn on ! p]son1 x 0 long consid]$1 too1 a mo/ effectual rem$y = insanity1 & ,culpepp] speaks ( its virtues 9 ! cure ( ! fall+ sickness4 #g ,! ?i/le1 sacr$ to ,?or1 is ano!r plant ( ?is k9d1 & inde$ in/ances are v num]\s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 "s plants1 f _! great virtues z all-heals1 x w\ld seem1 _h su* names z ,angelica & ,ar*angel be/[$ on !m4 #h ,9 lat] times _m plants became connect$ ) ! "n ( ,*ri/1 & ) ! ev5ts ( ! crucifixion itself--facts :i* occasionally expla9 _! my/]i\s virtues4 ,?us ! v]va91 kn[n z ! holy h]b1 & :i* 0 "o ( ! sacr$ plants ( ! ,druids1 has long be5 held 9 repute1 ! subjo9$ rhyme assign+ z ! reason3-- ,all hail1 ?\ holy h]b1 v]v91 ,gr[+ on ! gr\nd2 ,on ! ,m\nt ( ,calv>y ,!re wa/ ?\ f\nd2 ,?\ helpe/ _m a grief1 ,& /aun*e/ _m a w\nd4 ,9 ! "n ( sweet ,jesu1 ,i lift !e f ! gr\nd4 ,to quote "o or two fur!r in/ances1 a popul> recipe = prev5t+ ! prick ( a ?orn f fe/]+ is to repeat ?is =mula3-- ,*ri/ 0 ( a virg9 born1 ,& he 0 prick$ ) a ?orn1 ,& x did nei!r bell nor swell1 ,& ,i tru/ 9 ,jesus ?is nev] w4 ,9 ,cornwall1 "s ye>s ago1 ! foll[+ *>m 0 mu* us$1 =ms ( :i* may occasionally be he>d at ! pres5t day3-- ,happy man t ,*ri/ 0 born1 ,he 0 cr[n$ ) a ?orn2 ,he 0 pi]c$ ?r\gh ! sk91 ,= to let ! poison 94 ,b ,8 five w\nds1 s !y say1 ,clos$ be=e ,he pass$ away4 ,9 ) heal+1 out ) ?orn1 ,happy man t ,*ri/ 0 born4 ,ano!r v]sion us$ 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& is ?is3-- ,unto ! ,virg9 ,m>y our ,savi\r 0 horn1 ,& on 8 head he wore a cr[n ( ?orn2 ,if y believe ?is true1 & m9d x well1 ,?is hurt w nev] fe/] nor swell4 ,! ,angelica sylve/ris 0 popul>ly kn[n z ,holy ,gho/1 f ! angel-l prop]ties !re9 hav+ be5 consid]$ good aga9/ poisons1 pe/il5t agues1 or ! pe/il5ce4 ,cockayne1 9 8 ,saxon ,lee*doms1 m5tions an old poem descriptive ( ! virtues ( ! mugwort3-- ,?\ ha/ might = ?ree1 ,& aga9/ ?irty1 ,= v5om availe/ ,= ply+ vile ?+s4 ,s1 too1 c]ta9 plants ( ! sa9ts acquir$ a notoriety = specific virtues2 & h5ce ,/4 ,john's wort1 ) its leaves m>k$ ) blood-l spots1 :i* appe>1 accord+ to tradition1 on ! anniv]s>y ( 8 decollation1 is /ill ! wond]ful h]b t cures all sorts ( w\nds4 ,h]b-b5net1 popul>ly designat$ ,/> ( ! e>?1 a "n appli$ to ! av5s1 hemlock1 & val]ian1 %\ld prop]ly be1 says ,dr4 ,prior1 ,/4 ,b5$ict's h]b1 a "n assign$ to su* plants z 7 suppos$ to be antidotes1 9 allusion to a leg5d ( ?is sa9t1 :i* repres5ts t ^u 8 bless+ a cup ( poison$ w9e :i* a monk _h giv5 to de/roy him1 ! glass 0 %iv]$ to pieces4 ,9 ! same way1 h]b-g]>d 0 call$ f ,/4 ,g]>d1 :o 0 =m]ly invok$ aga9/ g\t1 a compla9t = :i* ?is plant 0 once 9 high repute4 ,/4 ,james's wort 0 s call$ f its be+ us$ = ! diseases ( horses1 ( :i* ?is great pilgrim-sa9t 0 ! patron4 ,x is curi\s 9 h[ _m unexpect$ ways ^! odd items ( folk-lore 9 _! association ) ! sa9ts meet u1 %[+ t 9 num]\s in/ances x is entirely _! association ) c]ta9 sa9ts t has made !m ( m$ical repute4 ,"s trees & plants h ga9$ a m$ical notoriety f ! fact ( _! hav+ a my/ical hi/ory1 & f ! sup]natural qualities ascrib$ to !m4 ,b1 z ,bulw]-,lytton has sugge/$ 9 8 ,/range ,/ory1 ! wood ( c]ta9 trees to :i* magical prop]ties are ascrib$ may 9 tru? possess virtues little und]/ood1 & des]v+ ( c>eful inve/igation4 ,?us1 among ^!1 ! r[an w\ld take its place1 z w\ld ! common hazel1 f :i* ! m9]'s div9+-rod is always cut4 #i ,an old-fa%ion$ *>m to cure ! bite ( an add] 0 to lay a cross =m$ ( two pieces ( hazel-wood on ! gr\nd1 repeat+ ?ree times ?is =mula #aj3-- ,und]nea? ?is hazel9 mote1 ,!re's a braggotty worm ) a speckl$ ?roat1 ,n9e d\ble is he2 ,n[ f n9e d\ble to eight d\ble ,& f eight d\ble to sev5 d\ble-ell4 ,! my/ical hi/ory ( ! apple acc\nts = its popul>ity z a m$ical ag5t1 al?\gh1 ( c\rse1 we mu/ n attribute all ! l+]+ ru/ic cures to ?is s\rce4 ,?us1 accord+ to an old ,devon%ire rhyme1 ,eat an apple go+ to b$1 ,make ! doctor beg 8 bread4 ,its juice has long be5 deem$ pot5t aga9/ w>ts1 & a ,l9coln%ire cure = eyes affect$ by rheumatism or weakness is a p\ltice made ( rott5 apples4 ,! oak1 long fam\s = its sup]natural /r5g? & p[]1 has be5 mu* employ$ 9 folk-m$ic9e4 ,a ,g]man cure = ague is to walk r\nd an oak & say3-- ,good ev5+1 ?\ good "o old2 ,i br+ !e ! w>m & ! cold4 ,simil>ly1 9 our own c\ntry1 oak-trees plant$ at ! junction ( cross-roads 7 mu* resort$ to by p]sons suff]+ f ague1 = ! purpose ( transf]r+ to !m _! compla9t1 #aa & else:]e allusion has already be5 made to ! practice ( cur+ sickly *ildr5 by pass+ ?r\gh a split piece ( oak4 ,a ,g]man rem$y = g\t is to take hold ( an oak1 or ( a "y %oot already fell$1 & to repeat ^! words3-- ,oak-%oot1 ,i to !e compla91 ,all ! tortur+ g\t plagues me2 ,i _c g = x1 ,?\ can/ /& x4 ,! fir/ bird t flies above !e1 ,to him give x 9 8 flight1 ,let him take x ) him 9 ! air4 ,ano!r plant1 :i* f its my/ic "* has be5 us$ = v>i\s compla9ts1 is ! eld]4 ,9 ,bohemia1 ?ree spoonsful ( ! wat] :i* has be5 us$ to ba! an invalid are p\r$ "u an eld]-tree2 & a ,dani% cure = too?a*e consi/s 9 plac+ an eld]-twig 9 ! m\?1 & !n /ick+ x 9 a wall1 say+1 ,dep>t1 ?\ evil _s4 ,! my/]i\s orig9 & surr\nd+s ( ! mi/letoe h inve/$ x ) a widespread importance 9 old folk-lore rem$ies1 _m ( :i* are1 ev5 n[-a-days1 firmly cr$it$2 a reputation1 too1 be/[$ ^u x by ! ,druids1 :o /yl$ x all-heal1 z be+ an antidote = all diseases4 ,culpepp] speaks ( x z good = ! grief ( ! s9ew1 it*1 sores1 & too?a*e1 ! bit+ ( mad dogs & v5om\s bea/s2 :ile ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne alludes to its virtues 9 cases ( epilepsy4 ,9 ,france1 amulets =m$ ( mi/letoe 7 mu* worn2 & 9 ,sw$51 a f+]-r+ made ( its wood is an antidote aga9/ sickness4 ,! m&rake1 z a my/ic plant1 0 ext5sively sold = m$ic9al purposes1 & 9 ,k5t may be occasionally f\nd kept to cure b>r5ness2 #ab & x may be rememb]$ t ,la ,fonta9e's fable1 ,la ,m&ragore1 turns ^u its suppos$ p[] ( produc+ *ildr54 ,h[ pot5t its effects 7 =m]ly held may be ga!r$ f ! v _m allusions to its my/ic prop]ties 9 ! lit]ature ( bygone ye>s4 ,columella1 9 8 well-kn[n l9es1 says3-- ,^: roots %[ half a man1 ^: juice ,) madness /rikes4 ,%akespe>e speaks ( x z an opiate1 & on ! ,cont95t x 0 mu* us$ = amulets4 ,aga91 c]ta9 plants seem to h be5 specially 9 high repute 9 old5 times f ! m>vell\s influ5ce !y 7 cr$it$ ) ex]cis+ ov] ! human frame2 consequ5tly !y 7 mu* valu$ by bo? old & "y2 = :o w\ld n reta9 ! vig\r ( 8 y\?1 & :at woman w\ld n desire to pres]ve ! fre%ness ( h] beauty8 ,"o ( ! special virtues ( rosem>y1 = in/ance1 0 its ability to make old folks "y aga94 ,a /ory is told ( a g\ty & crook$ old que51 :o sigh$ ) long+ regret to ?9k t h] "y danc+-days 7 gone1 s3-- ,( rosm>yn %e took six p[nde1 ,& gr\nde x well 9 a /[nde1 ,& !n mix$ x ) wat]1 9 :i* %e ba!d ?ree times a day1 tak+ c>e to ano9t h] head ) gode balm aft]w>ds4 ,9 a v %ort "t h] old fle% fell away1 & %e became s "y1 t5d]1 & fre%1 t %e began to look out = a husb&4 #ac ,! common f5nel 7,fo5iculum vulg>e7 0 suppos$ to give /r5g? to ! con/itution1 & 0 reg>d$ z highly re/orative4 ,longfell[1 9 8 ,goblet ( ,life1 app>5tly alludes to our f5nel3-- ,above ! l[ly plant x t[]s1 ,! f5nel1 ) its yell[ fl[]s2 ,& 9 an e>li] age ?an ours ,0 gift$ ) ! wondr\s p[]s ,lo/ vision to re/ore4 ,x gave new /r5g? & fe>less mood1 ,& gladiators1 fi]ce & rude1 ,m+l$ x 9 _! daily food1 ,& he :o battl$ & subdu$1 ,! wrea? ( f5nel wore4 ,! lady's-mantle1 too 7,al*emilla vulg>is71 0 once 9 great reque/1 =1 accord+ to ,h(fman1 x _h ! p[] ( re/or+ fem99e beauty1 h[ev] fad$1 to its e>ly fre%ness2 & ! wild tansy 7,tanacetum vulg>e71 laid to soak 9 butt]milk = n9e days1 _h ! reputation ( mak+ ! complexion v fair4 #ad ,simil>ly1 also1 ! great burnet saxifrage 0 said to remove freckles2 & accord+ to ! old h]bali/s1 an infusion ( ! common c5taury 7,ery?roea c5taurium7 possess$ ! same prop]ty4 #ae ,! haw?orn1 too1 0 9 repute among ! fair sex1 =1 accord+ to an old piece ( prov]bial lore3-- ,! fair maid :o1 ! fir/ ( ,may1 ,goes to ! fields at break ( day1 ,& wa%es 9 dew f ! haw?orn tree1 ,w ev] aft] h&some be2 ,& ! common fumitory1 0 us$ :5 ga!r$ 9 w$d+ h\rs1 & boil$ 9 wat]1 milk1 & :ey1 z a wa% = ! complexion ( ru/ic maids4 #af ,9 "s p>ts ( ,france ! wat]-hemlock 7nan! crocata71 kn[n ) u z ! dead-tongue1 f its p>alys+ effects on ! organs ( voice1 0 us$ to de/roy moles2 & ! yell[ toad-flax 7,l9>ia vulg>is7 is describ$ z cleans+ ! sk9 wond]fully ( all sorts ( de=mity4 ,ano!r plant ( popul> r5[n 0 ! knott$ figwort 7,scrophul>ia nodosa71 = ,g]>de c5sures div]s :o doe ra%ly tea* t if x be hang$ ab\t ! necke1 or else c>ri$ ab\t "o1 x keepe? a man 9 heal?4 ,coles1 speak+ ( ! mugwort 7,artemisia vulg>is71 says t1 if a footman take mugwort & put x 9 8 %oes 9 ! morn+1 he may g =ty miles be=e noon & n be we>y2 b z f> back z ! "t ( ,pl9y its rem>kable prop]ties 7 kn[n1 = he says1 ,! wayf>+ man t ha? ! h]b ti$ ab\t him feele? no we>9ess at all1 & he c nev] be hurt by any poison\s m$ic9e1 by any wild bea/1 nei!r yet by ! sun itself4 ,! f>-fam$ betony 0 long cr$it$ ) m>vell\s m$ic9al prop]ties1 & h5ce ! old say+ :i* recomm5ds a p]son :5 ill to sell 8 coat & buy betony4 ,a species ( ?i/le 0 once believ$ to h ! curi\s virtue ( driv+ away melan*oly1 & 0 h5ce t]m$ ! melan*oly ?i/le4 ,accord+ to ,dioscorides1 ! root borne ab\t "o do? expel melan*oly & remove all diseases connect$ !re)1 b x 0 to be tak5 9 w9e4 ,on ! o!r h&1 c]ta9 plants h be5 cr$it$ at mo/ p]iods ) hurtful & injuri\s prop]ties4 ,?us1 !re is a popul> idea t dur+ ! fl[]+ ( ! bean m cases ( lunacy occur ?an at any o!r season4 #ag ,x is curi\s to f9d ! apple--su* a widespread curative--reg>d$ z a bane1 an illu/ration ( :i* is giv5 by ,mr4 ,conway4 #ah ,9 ,swabia x is said t an apple pluck$ f a graft on ! :ite?orn w1 if eat5 by a pregnant woman1 increase h] pa9s4 ,on ! ,cont95t1 ! eld]1 :5 us$ z a bir*1 is said to *eck boys' gr[?1 a prop]ty ascrib$ to ! knot-grass1 z 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,coxcomb 7,act ii4 sc4 #b73-- ,we want a boy extremely = ?is function1 ,kept "u = a ye> ) milk & knot-grass4 ,! cat-m9t1 :5 *ew$1 creat$ qu>relsom5ess1 a prop]ty said by ! ,italians to belong to ! rampion4 ,occasionally mu* att5tion 9 folk-m$ic9e has be5 paid to lucky numb]s2 a rem$y1 9 ord] to prove efficaci\s1 hav+ to be p]=m$ 9 accordance ) c]ta9 num]ical rules4 ,9 ,devon%ire1 p\ltices mu/ be made ( sev5 diff]5t k9ds ( h]bs1 & a cure = ?ru% is ?is3--,?ree ru%es are tak5 f any runn+ /ream1 pass$ sep>ately ?r\gh ! m\? ( ! infant1 & !n ?r[n back into ! wat]4 ,z ! curr5t be>s !m away1 s1 x is believ$1 w ! ?ru% leave ! *ild4 ,simil>ly1 9 ,br&5burg1 if a p]son is afflict$ ) dizz9ess1 he is recomm5d$ to run aft] sunset1 nak$1 ?ree times ?r\gh a field ( flax2 aft] do+ s1 ! flax w at once take ! dizz9ess to itself4 ,a ,sussex cure = ague is to eat sage leaves1 fa/+1 n9e morn+s 9 succession2 :ile ,flemi% folk-lore enjo9s any "o :o has ! ague to g e>ly 9 ! morn+ to an old will[1 make ?ree knots 9 "o ( its bran*es1 & say ,good morr[1 old "o2 ,i give !e ! cold2 good morr[1 old "o4 ,a v common cure = w>ts is to tie z _m knots on a hair z !re are w>ts1 & to ?r[ ! hair away2 :ile an ,iri% *>m is to give ! pati5t n9e leaves ( d&elion1 ?ree leaves be+ eat5 on ?ree successive morn+s4 ,inde$1 ! efficacy ( numb]s is n conf9$ to any "o locality2 & ,mr4 ,folk>d #ai m5tions an in/ance 9 ,cuba :]e1 ?irte5 cloves ( g>lic at ! end ( a cord1 worn r\nd ! neck = ?irte5 days1 are consid]$ a safegu>d aga9/ jaundice4 ,x is necess>y1 h[ev]1 t ! we>]1 9 ! middle ( ! night ( ! ?irte5? day1 %\ld proce$ to ! corn] ( two /reets1 take (f 8 g>lic necklet1 &1 fl++ x beh9d him1 run home )\t turn+ r\nd to see :at has become ( x4 ,simil>ly1 six knots ( eld]wood are employ$ 9 a ,york%ire incantation to asc]ta9 if bea/s are dy+ f wit*craft4 #bj ,9 ,?ur+ia1 on ! extraction ( a too?1 ! p]son mu/ eat ?ree daisies to be h5ce=? free f too?a*e4 ,9 ,cornwall #ba bramble leaves are made use ( 9 cases ( scalds & inflammatory diseases4 ,n9e leaves are moi/5$ ) spr+-wat]1 & ^! are appli$ to ! burn$ or diseas$ p>ts4 ,:ile ?is is be+ done1 = e bramble leaf ! foll[+ *>m is repeat$ ?ree times3-- ,!re came ?ree angels out ( ! ea/1 ,"o br\ght fire & two br\ght fro/2 ,out fire & 9 fro/1 ,9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/4 ,( ! ?\s& & "o plants us$ 9 popul> folk-m$ic9e we c b give a few illu/rations1 s num]\s are ^! old cures = ! ills to :i* fle% is heir4 ,?us1 = deafness1 ! juice ( onion has be5 long recomm5d$1 & = *ilbla9s1 a ,d]by%ire cure is to ?ra% !m ) holly1 :ile 9 "s places ! juice ( ! leek mix$ ) cream is held 9 repute4 ,to ext]m9ate w>ts a ho/ ( plants h be5 recomm5d$2 ! juice ( ! d&elion be+ 9 fav\r 9 ! ,midl& c\nties1 :]eas 9 ! ,nor?1 "o has b to hang a snail on a ?orn1 & z ! poor creature wa/es away ! w>ts w disappe>4 ,9 ,leice/]%ire ! a% is employ$1 & 9 _m places ! eld] is consid]$ efficaci\s4 ,ano!r old rem$y is to prick ! w>t ) a gooseb]ry ?orn pass$ ?r\gh a w$d+-r+2 & accord+ to a ,corni% belief1 ! fir/ blackb]ry se5 w bani% w>ts4 ,wat]cress laid aga9/ w>ts 0 =m]ly said to drive !m away4 ,a ru/ic specific = :oop+-c\gh 9 ,hamp%ire is to dr9k new milk out ( a cup made ( ! v>iegat$ holly2 :ile 9 ,sussex ! excresc5ce f\nd on ! bri>1 & popul>ly kn[n z rob9 r$-brea/'s cu%ion1 is 9 dem&4 ,9 consumption & diseases ( ! lungs1 ,/4 ,fabian's nettle1 ! crocus1 ! betony1 & horeh\nd1 h long be5 9 reque/1 & sea-s\!rn-wood or mugwort1 occasionally corrupt$ into muggons1 0 once a fav\rite prescription 9 ,scotl&4 ,a *>m+ girl1 :om consumption _h br\ght to ! br9k ( ! grave1 0 lam5t$ by h] lov]1 :]eupon a good-natur$ m]maid sang to him3-- ,wad ye let ! bonnie ,may die 9 y\r h&1 ,& ! mugwort fl[]+ i' ! l&8 ,!reupon1 tradition says1 he adm9i/]$ ! juice ( ?is life-giv+ plant to 8 fair lady-love1 :o arose & bless$ ! be/[] = ! return ( heal?4 ,wat] 9 :i* peas h be5 boil$ is giv5 = measles1 & a ,l9coln%ire recipe = cramp is cork worn on ! p]son4 ,a popul> cure = r+worm 9 ,scotl& is a decoction ( sun-spurge 7,euphorbia helioscopia71 or1 z x is locally t]m$1 m>e's milk4 ,9 ! ,we/ ( ,engl& to bite ! fir/ f]n se5 9 spr+ is an antidote = too?a*e1 & 9 c]ta9 p>ts ( ,scotl& ! root ( ! yell[ iris *opp$ up & *ew$ is said to af=d relief4 ,"s1 aga91 recomm5d a d\ble hazel-nut to be c>ri$ 9 ! pocket1 #bb & ! eld]1 z a ,dani% cure1 has already be5 notic$4 ,v>i\s plants 71 9 days gone by1 us$ = ! bites ( mad dogs & to cure hydrophobia4 ,angelica1 madworts1 & sev]al =ms ( li*5s 7 fav\rite rem$ies4 ,! root ( balau/rium1 ) /orax1 cypress-nuts1 soot1 olive-oil1 & w9e 0 ! receipt1 accord+ to ,bonav5tura1 ( ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu4 ,among o!r popul> rem$ies 7 beetroot1 box leaves1 cabbage1 cucumb]s1 black currants1 digitalis1 & euphorbia4 #bc ,a ,russian rem$y 0 ,g5i/a s5toria1 & 9 ,greece rose-leaves 7 us$ int]nally & ext]nally z a p\ltice4 ,horse-radi%1 crane's-bill1 /rawb]ry1 & h]b-g]>d are old rem$ies = g\t1 & 9 ,we/phalia apple-juice mix$ ) saffron is adm9i/]$ = jaundice2 :ile an old rem$y = boils is dock-tea4 ,= ague1 c9quefoil & y>r[ 7 recomm5d$1 & tansy leaves are worn 9 ! %oe by ! ,sussex peasantry2 & 9 "s places common gr\ndsel has be5 mu* us$ z a *>m4 ,angelica 0 9 old5 times us$ z an antidote = poisons4 ,! juice ( ! arum 0 consid]$ good = ! plague1 & ,g]>de tells u t ,h5ry ,,viii4 01 wont to dr9k ! di/ill$ wat] ( broom-fl[]s aga9/ surfeits & diseases !re( aris+4 ,an ,iri% recipe = sore-?roat is a cabbage leaf ti$ r\nd ! ?roat1 & ! juice ( cabbage tak5 ) honey 0 =m]ly giv5 z a cure = ho>s5ess or loss ( voice4 #bd ,agrimony1 too1 0 once 9 repute = sore ?roats1 canc]s1 & ulc]s2 & z f> back z ! "t ( ,pl9y ! almond 0 giv5 z a rem$y = inebriety4 ,= rheumatism ! burdock 0 9 reque/1 & _m ( our peasantry keep a potato 9 _! pocket z *>ms1 "s1 aga91 c>ry+ a *e/nut1 ei!r begg$ or /ol54 ,z an antidote = fev]s ! c>nation 0 prescrib$1 & ! c[slip1 & ! hop1 h ! reputation ( induc+ sleep4 ,! dittany & planta91 l ! gold5-rod1 nicknam$ w\nd-we$1 h be5 us$ = ! heal+ ( w\nds1 & ! application ( a dock-leaf = ! /+ ( a nettle is a well-kn[n cure among our peasantry1 hav+ be5 embodi$ 9 ! old famili> adage3-- ,nettle out1 dock 9-- ,dock remove ! nettle-/+1 ,( :i* !re are sev]al v]sions2 z 9 ,wilt%ire1 :]e ! *ild uses ?is =mula3-- ,out 'ettle ,9 dock4 ,dock %all ha'a a new smock1 ',ettle zbant ,ha' nanun4 ,! "y tops ( ! common nettle are /ill made by ! peasantry into nettle-bro?1 &1 among/ o!r directions enjo9$ 9 an old ,scot* rhyme1 x is to be cut 9 ! mon? ( ,june1 ere x's 9 ! blume3-- ,c\' x by ! auld wa's1 ,c\' x :]e ! sun ne'er fa' ,/oo x :5 ! day daws1 ,c\' ! nettle e>ly4 ,! juice ( fumitory is said to cle> ! sight1 & ! k5nel-wort 0 once a popul> specific = ! k+'s-evil4 ,z dis9fectants1 wormwood & rue 7 mu* 9 dem&2 & h5ce ,tuss] says3-- ,:at sav\r is bett]1 if physicke be true1 ,= places infect$1 ?an wormwood & rue8 ,= depression1 ?yme 0 recomm5d$1 & a ,manx pres]vative aga9/ all k9ds ( infecti\s diseases is ragwort4 ,! illu/rations we h giv5 above %[ 9 h[ _m ways plants h be5 9 dem& z popul> curatives4 ,& al?\gh an imm5se am\nt ( sup]/ition has be5 int]wov5 ) folk-m$ic9e1 !re is a c]ta9 am\nt ( tru? 9 ! _m rem$ies :i* = c5turies h be51 ) m or less success1 employ$ by ! peasantry1 bo? at home & abroad4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 ii4 #b4 ,see ,folk>d's ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #afd4 #c4 ,my/ic ,trees & ,%rubs1 p4 #gag4 #d4 ,folk>d's ,plant-lore1 p4 #cgi4 #e4 ,hunt's ,popul> ,romances ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 #ahga1 p4 #dae #f4 ,folk>d's ,plant-lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #baf4 #g4 ,see ,black's ,folk-m$ic9e1 #ahhc1 p4#aie4 #h4 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 cxiv4 #bde4 #i4 ,sacr$ ,trees & ,fl[]s1 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 cxiv4 #bdd4 #aj4 ,folk>d's ,plant ,leg5ds1 #cfd4 #aa4 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #eia4 #ab4 ,my/ic ,trees & ,plants2 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #gjh4 #ac4 ,reliquiae ,antiquse1 ,wright & ,halliwell1 i4 #aie2 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 #ahfc1 cxiv4 #bda4 #ad4 ,coles1 ,! ,art ( ,simpl+1 #afef4 #ae4 ,anne ,pratt's ,fl[]+ ,plants ( ,great ,brita91 iv4 #i4 #af4 ,black's ,folk-m$ic9e1 p4 #bja4 #ag4 ,folk>d's ,plant-,lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #bdh4 #ah4 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 p4 #eia4 #ai4 ,plant-,lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #cdi4 #bj4 ,black's ,folk-m$ic9e1 p4 #ahe4 #ba4 ,see ,hunt's ,popul> ,romances ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl&4 #bb4 ,black's ,folk-m$ic9e1 p4 #aic4 #bc4 ,rabies or ,hydrophobia1 ,t4 ,m4 ,dolan1 #ahgi1 p4 #bch4 #bd4 ,black's ,folk-m$ic9e1 p4 #aic4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,plants ,,& ,,_! ,,leg5d>y ,,hi/ory4 ,_m ( ! leg5ds ( ! plant-_w h be5 incid5tally allud$ to 9 ! prec$+ pages4 ,:e!r we review _! my?ological hi/ory z embodi$ 9 ! tradition>y /ories ( primitive times1 or turn to ! exi/+ leg5ds ( our own & o!r c\ntries 9 mod]n times1 x is cle> t ! imag9ation has at all times be/[$ "s ( its ri*e/ & mo/ beautiful fancies on trees & fl[]s4 ,ev51 too1 ! rude & ignorant savage has clo!d ) graceful conceptions _m ( ! plants :i*1 ei!r = _! gr&eur or utility1 h attract$ 8 notice4 ,! old idea1 aga91 ( metamorphosis1 by :i* p]sons "u c]ta9 peculi> cases 7 *ang$ into plants1 f9ds a place 9 _m ( ! mod]n plant-leg5ds4 ,?us !re is ! well-kn[n /ory ( ! wayside planta91 commonly t]m$ way-bread1 :i*1 on acc\nt ( its s p]si/5tly haunt+ ! track ( man1 has giv5 rise to ! ,g]man /ory t x 0 =m]ly a maid5 :o1 :il/ wat*+ by ! wayside = h] lov]1 0 trans=m$ into ?is plant4 ,b once 9 sev5 ye>s x becomes a bird1 ei!r ! cuckoo1 or ! cuckoo's s]vant1 ! d9nick1 z x is popul>ly call$ 9 ,devon%ire1 ! ,g]man wi$hopf :i* is said to foll[ its ma/] ev]y:]e4 ,?is /ory ( ! planta9 is almo/ id5tical ) "o told 9 ,g]many ( ! endive or succory4 ,a pati5t girl1 aft] wait+ day by day = h] betro!d = _m a mon?1 at la/1 worn out ) wat*+1 sank exhau/$ by ! wayside & expir$4 ,b be=e _m days _h pass$1 a little fl[] ) />-l blossoms sprang up on ! spot :]e ! brok5-he>t$ maid5 _h brea!d h] f9al sigh1 :i* 0 h5ce=? kn[n z ! ,wegew>te1 ! wat*] ( ! road4 ,mr4 ,folk>d quotes an anci5t ballad ( ,au/rian ,silesia :i* rec\nts h[ a "y girl m\rn$ = sev5 ye>s ! loss ( h] lov]1 :o _h fall5 9 w>4 ,b :5 h] fri5ds tri$ to console h]1 & to procure = h] ano!r lov]1 %e repli$1 ,i %all cease to weep only :5 ,i become a wild-fl[] by ! wayside4 ,by ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 ! planta9 or way-bread is ! :ite man's foot1 to :i* ,longfell[1 9 speak+ ( ! ,engli% settl]s1 alludes 9 8 ,hiawa?a3-- ,:]esoe'er !y move1 be=e !m ,sw>ms ! /++ fly1 ! ,ahmo1 ,sw>ms ! bee1 ! honey-mak]2 ,:]esoe'er !y tread1 b5ea? !m ,spr+s a fl[] unkn[n among u1 ,spr+s ! :ite man's foot 9 blossom4 ,betwe5 c]ta9 birds & plants !re exi/s _m curi\s traditions1 z 9 ! case ( ! night+ale & ! rose4 ,accord+ to a piece ( ,p]sian folklore1 :5ev] ! rose is pluck$1 ! night+ale utt]s a pla9tive cry1 because x _c endure to see ! object ( its love injur$4 ,9 a leg5d told by ! ,p]sian poet ,att>1 we are told h[ all ! birds appe>$ be=e ,solomon1 & compla9$ t !y 7 unable to sleep f ! nightly wail+s ( ! night+ale4 ,! bird1 :5 que/ion$ z to ! tru? ( ?is /atem5t1 repli$ t 8 love = ! rose 0 ! cause ( 8 grief4 ,h5ce ?is suppos$ love ( ! night+ale = ! rose has be5 frequ5tly ! subject ( poetical allusion4 ,"l ,byron speaks ( x 9 ! ,gia\r3-- ,! rose o'er crag or vale1 ,sultana ( ! night+ale1 ,! maid = :om 8 melody1 ,8 ?\s& songs are he>d on high1 ,blooms blu%+ to h] lov]'s tale1 ,8 que51 ! g>d5 que51 8 rose1 ,unb5t by w9ds1 un*ill$ by sn[s4 ,?ack]ay1 too1 has giv5 a pleas+ r5d]+ ( ?is fav\rite leg5d3-- ,"u ! b\ghs ,i sat & li/5$ /ill1 ,i c\ld n h my fill4 ',h[ comes1' ,i said1 'su* music to 8 bill8 ,tell me = :om he s+s s beautiful a trill4' ',once ,i 0 dumb1' !n did ! bird disclose1 ',b look$ ^u ! rose1 ,& 9 ! g>d5 :]e ! lov$ "o gr[s1 ,i /raightway did beg9 sweet music to compose4' ,mrs4 ,br[n+1 9 h] ,lay ( ! ,e>ly ,rose1 alludes to ?is leg5d1 & ,moore 9 8 ,lalla ,rookh asks3-- ,?\gh ri* ! spot ,) e fl[] ?is e>? has got1 ,:at is x to ! night+ale1 ,if !re 8 d>l+ rose is n8 ,b ! rose is n ! only plant = :i* ! night+ale is said to h a pr$ilection1 !re be+ an old notion t its song is nev] he>d except :]e c[slips are to be f\nd 9 pr(usion4 ,exp]i5ce1 h[ev]1 only too (t5 proves ! inaccuracy ( ?is ass]tion4 ,we may also quote ! foll[+ note f ,y>rell's ,briti% ,birds 7#d? ed41 i4 #caf73--,walcott1 9 8 ',synopsis ( ,briti% ,birds' 7vol4 ii4 #bbh71 says t ! night+ale has be5 obs]v$ to be met ) only :]e ! c[slip gr[s k9dly1 & ! ass]tion receives a p>tial approval f ,montagu2 b :e!r ! /atem5t be true or false1 its conv]se c]ta9ly _c be ma9ta9$1 = ,mr4 ,watson gives ! c[slip 7,primula v]is7 z f\nd 9 all ! 'prov9ces' into :i* he divides ,great ,brita91 z f> nor? z ,cai?ness & ,%etl&1 :]e we "k t ! night+ale does n occur4 ,a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies 7#e? ,s]4 ix4 #dib7 says t 9 ,ea/ ,sussex1 on ! bord]s ( ,k5t1 ! c[slip is q unkn[n1 b night+ales are z common z blackb]ries !re4 ,a simil> idea exi/s 9 connection ) hops2 &1 accord+ to a tradition curr5t 9 ,york%ire1 ! night+ale made its fir/ appe>ance 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,donca/] :5 hops 7 plant$4 ,b ?is1 ( c\rse1 is purely imag9>y1 & 9 ,h>grove's ,hi/ory ( ,kn>esbor\gh 7#ahcb7 we read3 ,9 ! opposite wood1 call$ ,birkans ,wood 7opposite to ! ,abbey ,h\se71 dur+ ! summ] ev5+s1 ! night+ale3-- ',s+s d>kl+1 &1 9 %adie/ cov]t hid1 ,tunes h] nocturnal lay4' ,( ! num]\s /ories connect$ ) ! orig9 ( ! mi/letoe1 "o is notic$ by ,"l ,bacon1 to ! effect t a c]ta9 bird1 kn[n z ! missel-bird1 f$ ^u a p>ticul> k9d ( se$1 :i*1 ?r\gh its incapacity to dige/1 x evacuat$ :ole1 :]eupon ! se$1 fall+ on ! b\ghs ( trees1 vegetat$ & produc$ ! mi/letoe4 ,! magic spr+wort1 :i* reveals hidd5 treasures1 has a my/]i\s connection ) ! woodpeck]1 to :i* we h already ref]r$4 ,among fur!r birds :i* are 9 "s way or o!r connect$ ) plants is ! eagle1 :i* plucks ! wild lettuce1 ) ! juice ( :i* x sme>s its eyes to improve its vision2 :ile ! hawk 0 suppos$1 = ! same purpose1 to pluck ! hawk-bit4 ,simil>ly1 writes ,mr4 ,folk>d1 #a pigeons & doves made use ( v]va91 :i* 0 t]m$ pigeon's-grass4 ,once m1 ! cuckoo1 accord+ to an old prov]bial rhyme1 mu/ eat ?ree meals ( *]ries be=e x ceases its song2 & x 0 =m]ly said t or*ids sprang f ! se$ ( ! ?ru% & ! blackbird4 ,fur!r illu/rations might be add$1 :]eas "s ( ! _m plants nam$ aft] well-kn[n birds are notic$ else:]e4 ,an old ,alsatian belief tells u t bats possess$ ! p[] ( r5d]+ ! eggs ( /orks unfruitful4 ,accord+ly1 :5 once a /ork's egg 0 t\*$ by a bat x became /]ile2 & 9 ord] to pres]ve x f ! injuri\s influ5ce1 ! /ork plac$ 9 its ne/ "s bran*es ( ! maple1 :i* fright5$ away e intrud+ bat4 #b ,!re is an amus+ leg5d ( ! orig9 ( ! bramble3--,! cormorant 0 once a wool m]*ant4 ,he ent]$ into p>tn]%ip ) ! bramble & ! bat1 & !y freight$ a l>ge %ip ) wool4 ,%e 0 wreck$1 & ! firm became bankrupt4 ,s9ce t disa/] ! bat skulks ab\t till midnight to avoid 8 cr$itors1 ! cormorant is = ev] div+ into ! deep to discov] its f\nd]$ vessel1 :ile ! bramble seizes hold ( e pass+ %eep to make up 8 loss by /eal+ ! wool4 ,return+ to ! rose1 we may quote "o or two leg5d>y /ories relat+ to its orig94 ,?us ,sir ,john ,m&eville tells u h[ :5 a holy maid5 ( ,be?lehem1 blam$ ) wrong & sl&]$1 0 doom$ to dea? by fire1 %e made h] pray]s to our ,"l t ,he w\ld help h]1 z %e 0 n guilty ( t s92 :]eupon ! fire 0 sudd5ly qu5*$1 & ! burn+ br&s became r$ ros]es1 & ! br&s t 7 n k9dl$ became :ite ros]es full ( roses4 ,& ^! 7 ! fir/ ros]es & roses1 bo? :ite & r$1 t ev] any man s\ghte4 ,h5ce=?1 says ,mr4 ,k+1#c ! rose became ! fl[] ( m>tyrs4 ,x 0 a basket full ( roses t ! m>tyr ,sa9t ,doro!a s5t to ! not>y ( ,!ophilus f ! g>d5 ( ,p>adise2 & roses1 says ! romance1 sprang up all ov] ! field ( ,ronce-vaux1 :]e ,rol& & ! d\ze pairs _h /a9$ ! soil ) _! blood4 ,! col\r ( ! rose has be5 expla9$ by v>i\s leg5ds1 ! ,turks attribut+ its r$ col\r to ! blood ( ,mohamm$4 ,h]rick1 ref]r+ to "o ( ! old classic /ories ( its div9e orig91 writes3-- ,tis said1 z ,cupid danc$ among ! gods1 he d[n ! nect> flung1 ,:i*1 on ! :ite rose be+ %$1 made x = ev] aft] r$4 ,a pretty orig9 has be5 assign$ to ! moss-rose 7,rosa muscosa73-- ,! angel :o takes c>e ( fl[]s1 & spr9kles ^u !m ! dew 9 ! /ill night1 slumb]$ on a spr+ day 9 ! %ade ( a rosebu%1 & :5 %e awoke %e said1 ',mo/ beautiful ( my *ildr51 ,i ?ank !e = ?y refre%+ od\r & cool+ %ade2 c\ld y n[ ask any fav\r1 h[ will+ly w\ld ,i grant x6' ',adorn me !n ) a new *>m1' said ! _s ( ! rose-bu%2 & ! angel adorn$ ! lovelie/ ( fl[]s ) ! simple moss4 ,a fur!r ,r\manian leg5d gives ano!r poetic acc\nt ( ! rose's orig94 ,x is e>ly morn+1 & a "y pr9cess comes d[n into h] g>d5 to ba! 9 ! silv] waves ( ! sea4 ,! transp>5t :it5ess ( h] complexion is se5 ?r\gh ! slight veil :i* cov]s x1 & %9es ?r\gh ! blue waves l ! morn+ /> 9 ! azure sky4 ,%e spr+s into ! sea1 & m+les ) ! silv]y rays ( ! sun1 :i* sp>kle on ! dimples ( ! laugh+ waves4 ,! sun /&s /ill to gaze ^u h]2 he cov]s h] ) kisses1 & =gets 8 duty4 ,once1 twice1 ?rice has ! night advanc$ to take h] sceptre & reign ov] ! _w2 twice _h %e f\nd ! sun ^u h] way4 ,s9ce t day ! "l ( ! univ]se has *ang$ ! pr9cess into a rose2 & ?is is :y ! rose always hangs h] head & blu%es :5 ! sun gazes on h]4 ,!re are a v>iety ( rose-leg5ds ( ?is k9d 9 diff]5t c\ntries1 ! univ]sal popul>ity ( ?is fav\rite blossom hav+ f ! e>lie/ times made x ju/ly 9 repute2 & accord+ to ! ,h9doo my?ologi/s1 ,pagoda ,s91 "o ( ! wives ( ,vi%nu1 0 discov]$ 9 a rose--a n inappropriate locality4 ,l ! rose1 _m plants h be5 ext5sively associat$ ) sacr$ leg5d>y lore1 a circum/ance :i* frequ5tly expla9s _! orig94 ,a pretty leg5d1 = in/ance1 tells u h[ an angel 0 s5t to console ,eve :5 m\rn+ ov] ! b>r5 e>?4 ,n[1 no fl[] grew 9 ,ed51 & ! driv+ sn[ kept fall+ to =m a pall = e>?'s untimely fun]al aft] ! fall ( man4 ,b z ! angel spoke1 he caught a flake ( fall+ sn[1 brea!d on x1 & bade x take a =m1 & bud & bl[4 ,ere x rea*$ ! gr\nd x _h turn$ into a beautiful fl[]1 :i* ,eve priz$ m ?an all ! o!r fair plants 9 ,p>adise2 = ! angel said to h]3-- ,?is is an e>ne/1 ,eve1 to !e1 ,t sun & summ] soon %all be4 ,! angel's mission end$1 he dep>t$1 b :]e he _h /ood a r+ ( sn[drops =m$ a lovely posy4 ,?is leg5d rem9ds u ( "o told by ! poet ,%iraz1 respect+ ! orig9 ( ! =get-me-n3--,x 0 9 ! gold5 morn+ ( ! e>ly _w1 :5 an angel sat weep+ outside ! clos$ gates ( ,ed54 ,he _h fall5 f 8 high e/ate ?r\gh lov+ a daught] ( e>?1 nor 0 he p]mitt$ to ent] aga9 until %e :om he lov$ _h plant$ ! fl[]s ( ! =get-me-n 9 e corn] ( ! _w4 ,he return$ to e>? & assi/$ h]1 & !y w5t h& 9 h& ov] ! _w plant+ ! =get-me-n4 ,:5 _! task 0 end$1 !y ent]$ ,p>adise toge!r2 = ! fair woman1 )\t ta/+ ! bitt]ness ( dea?1 became immortal l ! angel1 ^: love h] beauty _h won1 :5 %e sat by ! riv] tw9+ ! =get-me-n 9 h] hair4 ,?is is a m poetic leg5d ?an ! famili> "o giv5 9 ,mill's ,hi/ory ( ,*ivalry1 :i* tells h[ ! lov]1 :5 try+ to pick "s blossoms ( ! myosotis = 8 lady-love1 0 dr[n$1 8 la/ words z he ?rew ! fl[]s on ! bank be+ ,=get me n4 ,ano!r leg5d1 already notic$1 w\ld associate x ) ! magic spr+-wort1 :i* reveal$ treasure-caves hidd5 9 ! m\nta9s4 ,! travell] ent]s su* an op5+1 b aft] fill+ 8 pockets ) gold1 pays no he$ to ! fairy's voice1 ,=get n ! be/1 i4e41 ! spr+-wort1 & is sev]$ 9 twa9 by ! m\nta9 cla%+ toge!r4 ,9 speak+ ( ! v>i\s beliefs relative to plant life 9 a previ\s *apt]1 we h enum]at$ "s ( ! leg5ds :i* w\ld trace ! orig9 ( _m plants to ! %$d+ ( human blood1 a belief :i* is a di/9ct survival ( a v primitive =m ( belief1 & ent]s v l>gely into ! /ories told 9 classical my?ology4 ,! dw>f eld] is said to gr[ :]e blood has be5 %$1 & x is nicknam$ 9 ,wales ,plant ( ! blood ( man1 ) :i* may be comp>$ its ,engli% "n ( dea?-wort4 ,x is mu* associat$ 9 ?is c\ntry ) ! ,danes1 & tradition says t :]ev] _! blood 0 %$ 9 battle1 ?is plant aft]w>ds sprang up2 h5ce its names ( ,dane-wort1 ,dane-we$1 or ,dane's-blood4 ,"o ( ! bell-fl[] tribe1 ! clu/]$ bell-fl[]1 has a simil> leg5d atta*$ to x2 & accord+ to ,miss ,pratt1 9 ! village ( ,b>tl[ !re are f\r rem>kable hills1 suppos$ to h be5 ?r[n up by ! ,danes z monum5tal memorials ( ! battle f\ght 9 #ajjf betwe5 ,canute & ,edmund ,ironside4 ,"s ye>s ago ! clu/]$ bell-fl[] 0 l>gely scatt]$ ab\t ^! m\nds1 ! pres5ce ( :i* ! cottag]s attribut$ to its hav+ sprung f ! ,dane's blood1 "u :i* "n ! fl[] 0 kn[n 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,! rose-col\r$ lotus or melilot is1 f ! leg5d1 said to h be5 sprung f ! blood ( a lion sla9 by ! ,emp]or ,adrian2 &1 9 %ort1 folk-lore is ri* 9 /ories ( ?is k9d4 ,"s leg5ds are ( a m romantic k9d1 z t :i* expla9s ! orig9 ( ! wallfl[]1 kn[n 9 ,pale/9e z ! blood-drops ( ,*ri/4 ,9 bygone days a ca/le /ood ne> ! riv] ,twe$1 9 :i* a fair maid5 0 kept prison]1 hav+ plight$ h] tro? & giv5 h] affection to a "y heir ( a ho/ile clan4 ,b blood hav+ be5 %$ betwe5 ! *iefs on ei!r side1 ! deadly hatr$ ?us eng5d]$ =bade all ?\ghts ( a union4 ,! lov] tri$ v>i\s /ratagems to obta9 8 fair "o1 & at la/ succe$$ 9 ga9+ admission attir$ z a w&]+ tr\bad\r1 & ev5tually arrang$ t %e %\ld effect h] escape1 :ile he await$ h] arrival ) an arm$ =ce4 ,b ?is plan1 z told by ,h]rick1 0 unsuccessful3-- ,up %e got ^u a wall1 ,attempt$ d[n to slide )al2 ,b ! silk5 twi/ unti$1 ,%e fell1 &1 bruis$1 %e di$4 ,love1 9 pity to ! de$1 ,& h] lov+ luckless spe$1 ,tw9$ h] to ?is plant we call ,n[ ! 'fl[] ( ! wall4' ,! tea-tree 9 ,*9a1 f its m>k$ effect on ! human con/itution1 has long be5 an ag5t ( sup]/ition1 & be5 associat$ ) ! foll[+ leg5d1 quot$ by ,s*leid54 ,x seems t a dev\t & pi\s h]mit hav+1 mu* aga9/ 8 w1 be5 ov]tak5 by sleep 9 ! c\rse ( 8 wat*+s & pray]s1 s t 8 eyelids _h clos$1 tore !m f 8 eyes & ?rew !m on ! gr\nd 9 holy wra?4 ,b 8 act did n escape ! notice ( a c]ta9 god1 :o caus$ a tea-%rub to spr+ out f !m1 ! leaves ( :i* exhibit1 ! =m ( an eyelid bord]$ ) la%es1 & possess ! gift ( h9d]+ sleep4 ,sir ,george ,temple1 9 8 ,excursions 9 ! ,m$it]ranean1 m5tions a leg5d relative to ! orig9 ( ! g]anium4 ,x is said t ! prophet ,mohamm$ hav+ "o day wa%$ 8 %irt1 ?rew x ^u a mall[ plant to dry2 b :5 x 0 aft]w>ds tak5 away1 its sacr$ contact ) ! mall[ 0 f\nd to h *ang$ ! plant into a f9e g]anium1 :i* n[ = ! fir/ "t came into exi/5ce4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,plant-,lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics4 #b4 ,folk>d's ,plant ,lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #dcj4 #c4 ,sacr$ ,trees & ,fl[]s1 ,qu>t]ly ,review1 cxiv4 #bci4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,my/ic ,,plants4 ,! my/ic "* & hi/ory ( c]ta9 plants meet u 9 e age & c\ntry4 ,! gradual evolution ( ^! curi\s plants ( belief mu/1 no d\bt1 p>tly be ascrib$ to _! my?ical orig91 & 9 _m cases to _! sacr$ associations2 :ile1 9 "s in/ances1 x is n surpris+ t1 any plant :i* produc$ a m>k$ effect ^u ! human con/itution %\ld become an object ( sup]/ition4 #a ,a fur!r reason :y sundry plants acquir$ a my/ic notoriety 0 _! peculi> mann] ( gr[?1 :i*1 ?r\gh n be+ und]/ood by e>ly botani/s1 caus$ !m to be inve/$ ) my/]y4 ,h5ce a v>iety ( comb9ations h produc$ ^? my/ic prop]ties ( trees & fl[]s :i* h inspir$ !m ) su* sup]/iti\s v5]ation 9 our own & o!r c\ntries4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,conway1 ! apple1 ( all fruits1 seems to h _h ! wide/ & mo/ my/ical hi/ory4 ,?us1 ,aphrodite be>s x 9 h] h& z well z ,eve2 ! s]p5t gu>ds x1 ! dragon wat*es x4 ,x is ! heal+ fruit ( ! ,arabian tribes4 ,azrael1 ! ,angel ( ,dea?1 accompli%es 8 mission by hold+ x to ! no/rils1 & 9 ! prose ,edda x is writt51 ',iduna keeps 9 a box apples :i* ! gods1 :5 !y feel old age approa*+1 h only to ta/e to become "y aga94' ,inde$1 ! leg5d>y my?ical lore connect$ ) ! apple is mo/ ext5sive1 a circum/ance :i* fully expla9s its my/ic "*4 ,fur!r1 z ,mr4 ,folk>d po9ts out1#b 9 ! popul> tales ( all c\ntries ! apple is repres5t$ z ! pr9cipal magical fruit1 9 support ( :i* he gives sev]al int]e/+ illu/rations4 ,?us1 ,9 ! ,g]man folk-tale ( ',! ,man ( ,iron1' a pr9cess ?r[s a gold5 apple z a prize1 :i* ! h]o cat*es ?ree times1 & c>ries (f & w9s4 ,& 9 a ,fr5* tale1 ,a s++ apple is "o ( ! m>vels :i* ,pr9cess ,belle-,etoile & h] bro!rs & h] c\s9 br+ f ! end ( ! _w4 ,! apple figures 9 _m an ,italian tale1 & holds a prom95t place 9 ! ,hung>ian /ory ( ! ,iron ,ladislas4#c ,b _m ( ^! s-call$ my/ic trees & plants h be5 m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ pages 9 _! association ) lightn+1 wit*craft1 demonology1 & o!r bran*es ( folk-lore1 al?\gh num]\s o!r curi\s in/ances are wor?y ( notice1 "s ( :i* are collect$ toge!r 9 ! pres5t *apt]4 ,?us ! nettle & milfoil1 :5 c>ri$ ab\t ! p]son1 7 believ$ to drive away fe>1 & 71 on ?is acc\nt1 frequ5tly worn 9 "t ( dang]4 ,! laurel pres]v$ f mis=tune1 & 9 old5 times we are told h[ ! sup]/iti\s man1 to be free f e *ance ( ill-luck1 0 wont to c>ry a bay leaf 9 8 m\? f morn+ till night4 ,"o ( ! rem>kable virtues ( ! fruit ( ! balm 0 its prolong+ ! lives ( ^? :o p>took ( x to f\r or five hundr$ ye>s1 & ,alb]tus ,magnus1 summ+ up ! my/ic qualities ( ! heliotrope1 gives ?is piece ( advice3--,ga!r x 9 ,augu/1 wrap x 9 a bay leaf ) a wolf's too?1 & x w1 if plac$ "u ! pill[1 %[ a man :o has be5 robb$ :]e are 8 goods1 & :o has tak5 !m4 ,also1 if plac$ 9 a *ur*1 x w keep fix$ 9 _! places all ! wom5 pres5t :o h brok5 _! m>riage v[4 ,x 0 =m]ly suppos$ t ! cucumb] _h ! p[] ( kill+ by its great coldness1 & ! l>* 0 consid]$ imp5etrable by fire2 ,evelyn describ+ x z a goodly tree1 :i* is ( s /range a composition t 'twill h>dly burn4 ,9 addition to gu>d+ ! home/ead f ill1 ! hellebore 0 reg>d$ z a wond]ful antidote aga9/ madness1 & z su* is spok5 ( by ,burton1 :o introduces x among ! emblems ( 8 frontispiece1 9 8 ,anatomie ( ,melan*oly3-- ,borage & hellebore fill two sc5es1 ,sov]eign plants to purge ! ve9s ,( melan*oly1 & *e] ! he>t ,( ^? black fumes :i* make x sm>t2 ,to cle> ! bra9 ( mi/y fogs1 ,:i* dull our s5ses & ,s\l clogs2 ,! be/ m$ic9e t e'er ,god made ,= ?is malady1 if well assay'd4 ,b1 z x has be5 obs]v$1 our =efa!rs1 9 /rew+ _! floors ) ?is plant1 7 introduc+ a real evil into _! h\ses1 in/ead ( an imag9>y "o1 ! p]fume hav+ be5 consid]$ highly p]nici\s to heal?4 ,9 ! _m curi\s tales relat$ ( ! my/ic h5bane may be quot$ "o notic$ by ,g]>de1 :o says3 ,! root boil$ ) v9eg>1 & ! same hold5 hot 9 ! m\?1 ease? ! pa9 ( ! tee?4 ,! se$ is us$ by m\ntebank too?-draw]s1 :i* run ab\t ! c\ntry1 to cause worms to come =? ( ! tee?1 by burn+ x 9 a *af+-di% ( coles1 ! p>ty hold+ 8 m\? ov] ! fume !re(2 b "s crafty companions1 to ga9 money1 convey small lute-/r+s into ! wat]1 p]suad+ ! pati5t t ^? small creep]s came out ( 8 m\? or o!r p>ts :i* he int5d$ to cure4 ,%akespe>e1 x may be rememb]$1 alludes to ?is sup]/ition 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7,act iii4 sc4 #b71 :]e ,leonato reproa*es ,don ,p$ro = sigh+ = ! too?a*e1 :i* he adds is b a tum\r or a worm4 ,! notion is /ill curr5t 9 ,g]many1 :]e ! foll[+ incantation is employ$3-- ,pe> tree1 ,i compla9 to !e ,?ree worms /+ me4 ,! h5bane1 too1 accord+ to a ,g]man belief1 is said to attract ra91 & 9 old5 times 0 ?\ght to produce /]ility4 ,"s critics h sugge/$ t x is ! plant ref]r$ to 9 ,macbe? by ,banquo 7,act i4 sc4 #c73-- ,h we eat5 ( ! insane root ,t takes ! reason prison]8 ,al?\gh o!rs ?9k x is ! hemlock4 ,anyh[1 ! h5bane has long be5 9 repute z a plant possess$ ( my/]i\s attributes1 & ,d\ce quotes ! subjo9$ passage3--,h5bane1 call$ insana1 mad1 = ! use !re( is p]ill\s1 = if x be eate or dronke1 x bre$e? madness1 or sl[e lyk5ess ( sleepe4 ,9 days gone by1 :5 ! m&rake 0 an object ( sup]/iti\s v5]ation by reason ( its sup]natural "*1 ! ,g]mans made little idols ( its root1 :i* 7 consult$ z oracles4 ,inde$1 s mu* cr$5ce 0 atta*$ to ^! images1 t !y 7 manufactur$ 9 v l>ge quantities = exportation to v>i\s o!r c\ntries1 & realis$ good prices4 ,(t5times sub/itut$ = ! m&rake 0 ! briony1 :i* design+ p sold at a good pr(it4 ,g]>de in=ms u1 ,h[ ! idle drones1 t h little or no?+ to d b eat & dr9k1 h be/[$ "s ( _! "t 9 c>v+ ! roots ( briony1 =m+ !m to ! %ape ( m5 & wom51 :i* falsify+ practice ha? confirm$ ! error among/ ! simple & unle>n$ p1 :o h tak5 !m ^u _! report to be ! true m&rakes4 ,(t5times1 too1 ! root ( ! briony 0 tra9$ to gr[ into c]ta9 ecc5tric %apes1 :i* 7 us$ z *>ms4 ,speak+ ( ! m&rake1 we may note t 9 ,france x 0 reg>d$ z a species ( elf1 & nicknam$ ma9 de gloire2 9 connection ) :i* ,sa9t-,palaye describes a curi\s sup]/ition3-- ,:5 ,i ask$ a peasant "o day :y he 0 ga!r+ mi/letoe1 he told me t at ! foot ( ! oaks on :i* ! mi/letoe grew he _h a m&rake2 t ?is m&rake _h liv$ 9 ! e>? f :5ce ! mi/letoe sprang2 t he 0 a k9d ( mole2 t he :o f\nd him 0 oblig$ to give him food--bread1 meat1 & "s o!r n\ri%m5t2 & t he :o _h once giv5 him food 0 oblig$ to give x e day1 & 9 ! same quantity1 )\t :i* ! m&rake w\ld assur$ly cause ! =getful "o to die4 ,two ( 8 c\ntrym51 :om he nam$ to me1 _h1 he said1 lo/ _! lives2 b1 z a recomp5se1 ?is ma9 de gloire return$ on ! morr[ d\ble :at he _h receiv$ ! previ\s day4 ,if "o paid ca% = ! ma9 de gloire's food "o day1 he w\ld f9d d\ble ! am\nt ! foll[+1 & s ) any?+ else4 ,a c]ta9 c\ntryman1 :om he m5tion$ z /ill liv+1 & :o _h become v ri*1 0 believ$ to h ow$ 8 weal? to ! fact t he _h f\nd "o ( ^! ma9s de gloire4 ,_m o!r equally curi\s /ories are told ( ! m&rake1 a plant :i*1 = its my/ic qualities1 has p]haps be5 unsurpass$2 & x is no wond] t x 0 a dread object ( sup]/iti\s fe>1 = ,moore1 speak+ ( its appe>ance1 says3-- ,su* rank & deadly lu/re dwells1 ,z 9 ^? helli% fires t light ,! m&rake's *>nel leaves at night4 ,b ^! m&rake fables are mo/ly ( =eign extraction & ( v anci5t date4 ,dr4 ,daub5y1 9 8 ,roman ,husb&ry1 has giv5 a curi\s draw+ f ! ,vi5na ,,ms4 ( ,dioscorides 9 ! fif? c5tury1 repres5t+ ! ,goddess ( ,discov]y pres5t+ to ,dioscorides ! root ( ! m&rake 7( ?or\ghly human %ape71 :i* %e has j pull$ up1 :ile ! un=tunate dog :i* _h be5 employ$ = t purpose is depict$ 9 ! agonies ( dea?4 ,basil1 writes ,"l ,bacon 9 8 ,natural ,hi/ory1 if expos$ too mu* to ! sun1 *anges into wild ?yme2 & a ,bav>ian piece ( folk-lore tells u t ! p]son :o1 dur+ an eclipse ( ! sun1 ?r[s an (f]+ ( palm ) crumbs on ! fire1 w nev] be h>m$ by ! sun4 ,9 ,hesse1 x is affirm$ t ) knots ti$ 9 will[ "o may slay a di/ant enemy2 & accord+ to a belief curr5t 9 ,icel&1 ! ,cal?a palu/ris1 if tak5 ) c]ta9 c]emonies & c>ri$ ab\t1 w prev5t ! be>] f hav+ an angry ^w spok5 to him4 ,! virtues ( ! dittany 7 fam\s z f> back z ,plut>*'s "t1 & ,g]>de speaks ( its m>vell\s efficacy 9 draw+ =? spl9t]s ( wood1 c41 & 9 ! heal+ ( w\nds1 especially ^? made ) env5om$ weapons1 arr[s %ot out ( guns1 & su* l4 ,!n !re is ! old tradition to ! effect t if b\ghs ( oak be put into ! e>?1 !y w br+ =? wild v9es2 & among ! sup]natural qualities ( ! holly record$ by ,pl9y1 we are told t its fl[]s cause wat] to freeze1 t x repels lightn+1 & t if a /aff ( its wood be ?r[n at any animal1 ev5 if x fall %ort ( t\*+ x1 ! animal w be s subdu$ by its influ5ce z to return & lie d[n by x4 ,speak+1 too1 ( ! virtues ( ! peony1 he ?us writes3--,x ha? be5 long receiv$1 & confirm$ by div]s trials1 t ! root ( ! male peony dri$1 ti$ to ! necke1 do? helpe ! fall+ sickness1 & likewise ! incubus1 :i* we call ! m>e4 ,! cause ( bo? ^! diseases1 & especially ( ! epilepsie f ! /oma*1 is ! grossness ( ! vap\rs1 :i* rise & ent] into ! cells ( ! bra91 & !re=e ! work+ is by extreme & subtle alt]nation :i* t simple ha?4 ,worn z an amulet1 ! peony 0 a popul> pres]vative aga9/ en*antm5t4 ,footnotes3 #a4 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e #ahgj1 p4 #gji4 #b4 ,plant ,lore ,leg5ds & ,lyrics1 p4 #bbd4 #c4 ,see ,miss ,busk's ,folk-lore ( ,rome4