,BEFORE ,LINUX ,FROM ,SCRATCH1 YOU NEED ,LINUX4 ,THIS CHAPTER GETS YOU A HOST AND TEACHES THE PARTS EVERY INSTALLER GLOSSES OVER3 ,,UEFI VS ,,BIOS1 ,,MBR VS ,,GPT1 HOW TO PARTITION WITHOUT TRUSTING THE 8GUIDED0 BUTTON1 AND WHY A ,,VM IS THE HONEST WAY TO PRACTICE4 ,THE FEATURED DISTRO IS ,SLACKWARE " THE DISTRO THAT ASKS YOU TO DO THINGS RATHER THAN HIDING THEM1 WHICH IS EXACTLY THE EDUCATION THIS HANDBOOK REQUIRES4 ,THE FIVE WAYS IN ,PATH ,BEST FOR ,COST ,VIRTUAL MACHINE ,PRACTICING1 ,,LFS HOSTING1 ZERO RISK ,FREE2 SNAPSHOTS "7 UNLIMITED UNDO ,LIVE ,,USB ,TRYING BEFORE INSTALLING2 RESCUE ,ONE SPARE STICK2 NOTHING PERSISTS ,DUAL BOOT ,REAL HARDWARE1 REAL SPEED ,PARTITION SURGERY ON YOUR DISK ,DEDICATED MACHINE ,THE FULLEST EXPERIENCE ,A SPARE BOX ,,WSL ,LINUX TOOLS ON ,WINDOWS ,FAST1 BUT NOT A REAL SYSTEM ,THE HANDBOOK'S ANSWER FOR ALMOST EVERYONE3 A ,,VM4 ,,QEMU_/,,KVM OR ,VIRTUAL,BOX1 #D ,,GB ,,RAM1 #B ,C,P,US1 #CJ"6 ,,GB DISK A MACHINE YOU CAN DESTROY WITH NO CONSEQUENCES1 SNAPSHOT BEFORE EVERY RISKY STEP1 AND CLONE FOR PARALLEL EXPERIMENTS4 ,A ,,VM IS ALSO THE CORRECT ,,LFS HOST CHAPTER #B'S WHOLE SETUP ASSUMES ONE4 ,THE BOOT-MODE FORK3 ,,UEFI OR ,,BIOS ,EVERY MODERN MACHINE BOOTS ONE OF TWO WAYS1 AND THE CHOICE IS MADE BEFORE INSTALLATION3 - ,,UEFI "6 ,,GPT THE MODERN PATH3 ,,GPT PARTITION TABLES1 AN ,,EFI ,SYSTEM ,PARTITION "<,,FAT#CB1 @9#CJJ ,,MB1 TYPE ,,EF#JJ"> HOLDING BOOTLOADER BINARIES1 BOOT ENTRIES STORED IN ,,NVRAM4 ,SECURE ,BOOT MAY COMPLICATE UNSIGNED KERNELS4 - ,,BIOS "6 ,,MBR THE LEGACY PATH3 ,,MBR PARTITION TABLE "<#D PRIMARIES MAX1 OR EXTENDED">1 BOOTLOADER CODE IN THE BOOT SECTOR4 ,CHECK BEFORE INSTALLING3 LS _/SYS_/FIRMWARE_/EFI ON A LIVE BOOT EXISTS "7 ,,UEFI4 ,IN A ,,VM YOU CHOOSE AT MACHINE-CREATION2 ,,QEMU -BIOS ,,OVMF4FD FOR ,,UEFI1 DEFAULT FOR ,,BIOS4 ,MISMATCHED BOOT MODE AND PARTITION TABLE IS THE _?#A FIRST-INSTALL FAILURE A ,,GPT DISK WON'T BOOT ,,BIOS-MODE WITHOUT A ,,BIOS BOOT PARTITION2 AN ,,MBR DISK CAN'T CARRY ,,UEFI4 ,SLACKWARE THE REFERENCE DISTRO ,WHY ,SLACKWARE SPECIFICALLY1 WHEN ,UBUNTU IS 8EASIER03 - ,THE INSTALLER TEACHES TEXT MENUS THAT ASK YOU TO PARTITION1 CHOOSE FILESYSTEMS1 INSTALL PACKAGE SETS1 CONFIGURE ,,LILO4 ,IT HIDES NOTHING2 YOU LEARN BECAUSE IT MAKES YOU DO IT4 - ,,BSD-STYLE INIT RC4,M1 RC4INET#A1 READABLE SHELL SCRIPTS INSTEAD OF A UNIT GRAPH MATCHING THIS HANDBOOK'S ,SYS,V PATH THROUGH ,,LFS4 - ,COMPLETE DEV ENVIRONMENT GCC1 BINUTILS1 MAKE1 THE FULL TOOLCHAIN ABOARD OUT OF THE BOX AN ,,LFS-READY HOST4 - ,NOTHING BETWEEN YOU AND THE SYSTEM NO SNAP STORES1 NO TELEMETRY1 NO PACKAGE MANAGERS THAT PHONE HOME4 ,SLINT IS ,SLACKWARE REBUILT FOR ACCESSIBILITY THE SAME SYSTEM WITH ,SPEAKUP_/,,BRLTTY INTEGRATED FROM THE INSTALLER ONWARD2 FOR EYES-FREE USERS IT'S BOTH THE HOST DISTRO AND THE DESTINATION PHILOSOPHY4 ,THE INSTALL1 DISTILLED _? INSIDE THE INSTALLER "3 CFDISK _/DEV_/SDA _? OR GDISK_/FDISK CARVE PARTITIONS _? ROOT3 @9#BE;;,G TYPE #HCJJ SWAP3 @9#D;;,G TYPE #HBJJ ,,ESP3 #CJJ;,M TYPE ,,EF#JJ IF ,,UEFI SETUP _? ,SLACKWARE'S MENU INSTALLER _? ,,ADDSWAP ,,TARGET ,,SOURCE ,,SELECT ,,INSTALL ,,CONFIGURE _? ,,LILO " ,THE INSTALLER'S STEPS MAP EXACTLY ONTO THE MANUAL WORK ,,LFS WILL ASK OF YOU PARTITIONING1 FILESYSTEMS1 PACKAGE SELECTION1 BOOTLOADER WHICH IS WHY IT'S THE TRAINER4 ,THE ,,VM MATRIX EVERY HYPERVISOR'S TRADE _? ,,QEMU_/,,KVM THE ,LINUX NATIVE NEAR-NATIVE SPEED QEMU-IMG CREATE -;F QCOW#B DISK4QCOW#B"DJ;;,G QEMU-SYSTEM-X#HF.-#FD -;M #DJIF -SMP #B -ENABLE-KVM _* -DRIVE FILE"7DISK4QCOW#B1IF"7VIRTIO _* -CDROM INSTALLER4ISO -BOOT ;D _* -NET NIC -NET USER -DISPLAY SDL _? SNAPSHOTS3 QEMU-IMG SNAPSHOT -;C NAME DISK4QCOW#B _? ,,UEFI3 -BIOS _/USR_/SHARE_/,,OVMF_/,,OVMF.-,,CODE4FD _? SERIAL CONSOLE3 -NOGRAPHIC -SERIAL MON3STDIO _? ,VIRTUAL,BOX THE ,,GUI CHOICE ,V,BOX,MANAGE CREATEVM --NAME LFS --REGISTER ,V,BOX,MANAGE MODIFYVM LFS --MEMORY #DJIF --CPUS #B ,V,BOX,MANAGE CREATEHD --FILENAME LFS4VDI --SIZE #DJIFJ _? SNAPSHOTS IN THE ,,GUI2 ,,EFI VIA ,ENABLE ,,EFI _? VIRT-MANAGER ,,QEMU WITH A ,,GUI _? ,,GNOME ,BOXES THE SIMPLEST _? ,V,MWARE_/,HYPER-;,V THE ,WINDOWS PATHS ,THE ,,VM'S VIRTUES3 SNAPSHOTS "1 CLONES "1 ZERO HARDWARE RISK1 INSTANT REINSTALLS4 ,FOR ,,LFS SPECIFICALLY3 A ,,VM IS A DISPOSABLE LAB BREAK IT FREELY1 SNAPSHOT BEFORE EVERY PHASE4 ,THE ,,QEMU PATH A MACHINE IN A WINDOW _? CREATE "6 BOOT A ,,VM QEMU-IMG CREATE -;F QCOW#B LFS-HOST4QCOW#B"DJ;;,G QEMU-SYSTEM-X#HF.-#FD _* -;M #DJIF -SMP #B -ENABLE-KVM _* -DRIVE FILE"7LFS-HOST4QCOW#B1IF"7VIRTIO _* -CDROM SLINT#FD-#AE4J4ISO -BOOT ;D _* -NET NIC -NET USER -DISPLAY SDL -ENABLE-KVM GIVES NEAR-NATIVE SPEED2 QCOW#B IS THE COPY-ON-WRITE IMAGE FORMAT2 VIRTIO DEVICES ARE THE PARAVIRTUAL DRIVERS THE KERNEL SUPPORTS NATIVELY4 ,SNAPSHOTS3 QEMU-IMG SNAPSHOT -;C BEFORE-CHROOT LFS-HOST4QCOW#B THE UNDO BUTTON A REAL DISK LACKS4 ,DUAL BOOT THE SURGERY PATH ,IF YOU INSTALL BESIDE AN EXISTING ,,OS3 #A4 ,BACK UP FIRST REPARTITIONING IS THE ONE OPERATION WITH NO UNDO #B4 ,SHRINK THE EXISTING FILESYSTEM FROM INSIDE ITS OWN ,,OS "<,WINDOWS' ,DISK ,MANAGEMENT SHRINKS ,,NTFS SAFELY"> #C4 ,INSTALL TO THE FREED SPACE LET THE INSTALLER USE THE EMPTY REGION1 NEVER THE WHOLE DISK #D4 ,THE BOOTLOADER "<,,GRUB_/,,LILO"> TAKES OVER THE BOOT SECTOR AND MENUS BOTH ,O,SES ,,UEFI DUAL-BOOTS ADD A RULE3 BOTH ,O,SES SHARE ONE ,,ESP THE INSTALLER ADDS ITS ENTRY2 DON'T FORMAT OR DELETE THE EXISTING ,,ESP4 ,,WSL THE TOOLS1 NOT THE MACHINE ,WINDOWS ,SUBSYSTEM FOR ,LINUX GIVES YOU REAL BASH1 REAL COREUTILS1 REAL GCC SUPERB FOR LEARNING THE TOOLS THIS HANDBOOK'S MIDDLE CHAPTERS TEACH4 ,IT IS NOT A REAL ,LINUX SYSTEM3 NO REAL INIT1 NO REAL PARTITIONS1 NO KERNEL YOU CONTROL1 LOOP DEVICES UNAVAILABLE BY DEFAULT4 ,PRACTICE GREP IN ,,WSL2 BUILD ,,LFS IN A ,,VM4 ,SLACKWARE'S INSTALLER THE ANNOTATED WALKTHROUGH ,THE SETUP MENU EACH STEP IS A LESSON3 #A4 ,,ADDSWAP DESIGNATE SWAP3 MKSWAP "6 FSTAB ENTRY THE INSTALLER DOES THE MECHANICS #B4 ,,TARGET PICK THE ROOT PARTITION FORMATS IT MKFS4EXT#D1 MOUNTS IT #C4 ,,SOURCE WHERE THE PACKAGES ARE ,,CD1 ,,HTTP1 ,,NFS1 PREMOUNTED #D4 ,,SELECT THE PACKAGE SERIES3 ,A "1 ,,AP1 ;,D "1 ;,F "<,,FAQ_/DOCS">1 ;,K "1 ;,L "1 ;,N "1 ,T_/,,TCL1 ,X_/,,XAP "<,X"6APPS">1 ;,E "444 INSTALL ,,,A AP ;D ;F ;K ;L ;N,' "6 ;,T AT MINIMUM #E4 ,,INSTALL FULL MODE IS THE HONEST CHOICE TERSE PROMPTS PER PACKAGE #F4 ,,CONFIGURE KERNEL "1 ,,LILO_/,,GRUB1 NETWORK1 MOUSE1 TIMEZONE1 ROOT PASSWORD1 FSTAB #G4 ,REBOOT ,THE INSTALLER'S HONESTY3 IT DOES WHAT YOU'D DO BY HAND PARTITION1 MKFS1 MOUNT1 UNTAR PACKAGES1 WRITE CONFIGS NOTHING HIDDEN4 ,THE ;,D SERIES " "6 ;,K " "6 ;,L " MAKE IT ,,LFS-READY OUT OF THE BOX4 ,THE FILESYSTEMS AT INSTALL WHAT EACH PARTITION DOES _/DEV_/SDA#A ,,ESP #CJJ;,M VFAT ,,EF#JJ ,,UEFI BOOT BINARIES "<,,UEFI ONLY"> _/DEV_/SDA#B SWAP #D;;,G SWAP #HBJJ VIRTUAL MEMORY OVERFLOW _/DEV_/SDA#C _/ #CF;;,G EXT#D #HCJJ THE WHOLE SYSTEM ,SLACKWARE'S SETUP WALKS EACH4 ,THE FSTAB IT WRITES3 DEFAULTS FOR ROOT1 PRI"7#A FOR SWAP1 THE VIRTUAL FILESYSTEMS FOR PROC_/SYS_/DEVPTS_/DEVTMPFS_/TMPFS THE SAME SIX ROWS CHAPTER #F TEACHES4 ,POST-INSTALL3 THE FIRST CHECKS UNAME -A _? WHAT KERNEL1 WHAT ARCH LS _/SYS_/FIRMWARE_/EFI _? ,,UEFI OR ,,BIOS KNOW WHICH DF -;H _? FILESYSTEMS AND FREE SPACE SWAPON --SHOW _? SWAP ACTIVE8 LDD --VERSION _\ HEAD -#A _? GLIBC THE ,,LFS HOST REQUIREMENT GCC --VERSION _? TOOLCHAIN PRESENT8 PING -C#A"A4A4A4A _? NETWORK ALIVE ,ALL GREEN "7 A HOST THAT QUALIFIES FOR CHAPTER #B'S VERSION-CHECK ROSTER4 ,WHERE INSTALLS GO WRONG ,SYMPTOM ,CAUSE ,INSTALLER CAN'T FIND THE DISK ,,VM USED THE WRONG BUS USE VIRTIO_/SATA1 NOT SCSI ON OLD DISTROS ,BOOTS TO ,,GRUB RESCUE _/ NO ,,OS FOUND ,BOOT MODE VS PARTITION TABLE MISMATCH ,,UEFI INSTALL BOOTS ,,BIOS-ONLY ,MISSING ,,ESP OR GRUB-INSTALL TARGETED WRONG MODE ,DUAL-BOOT ,WINDOWS GONE ,,ESP FORMATTED1 OR 8USE WHOLE DISK0 CHOSEN ,,VM IS UNUSABLY SLOW ,,KVM OFF "<-ENABLE-KVM">1 OR NESTED VIRT UNAVAILABLE ,SLACKWARE BOOTS TO NO ;,X ,IT DOESN'T INSTALL A DESKTOP BY DEFAULT THAT'S NORMAL ,EXERCISES #A4 ,IDENTIFY YOUR MACHINE'S BOOT MODE "<_/SYS_/FIRMWARE_/EFI"> AND PARTITION TABLE "4 #B4 ,CREATE A ,,QEMU ,,VM AND SNAPSHOT IT THEN DELIBERATELY DESTROY THE INSTALL AND ROLL BACK4 #C4 ,PARTITION A SCRATCH DISK THREE WAYS3 ,,MBR_/,,BIOS1 ,,GPT_/,,UEFI1 ,,GPT"6,,ESP DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCE EACH MAKES4 #D4 ,INSTALL ,SLACKWARE IN THE ,,VM1 NOTING EVERY STEP THE INSTALLER MADE YOU DO4 #E4 ,ON A LIVE ,,USB1 VERIFY LDD --VERSION REPORTS GLIBC4 ,TIMELINE ,STEP ,RESULT ,BOOT MODE ,,UEFI OR ,,BIOS CHOSEN BEFORE ANYTHING ,PATH ,,VM FOR PRACTICE "6 ,,LFS HOST2 REAL ,,HW FOR KEEPS ,DISTRO ,SLACKWARE_/,SLINT VISIBLE MACHINERY1 DEV-READY ,PARTITION GDISK_/FDISK BY HAND THE REAL SKILL ,INSTALL SETUP THE SYSTEM YOU CONTROL NEXT ,THE FILESYSTEM THE TREE YOU NOW OWN ,REFERENCES - SLACKWARE4COM SLINT4FR THE DISTROS - ,,QEMU DOCUMENTATION QCOW#B1 VIRTIO1 ,,KVM - ,,UEFI SPEC _/ ,O,SDEV WIKI THE BOOT MODES - LINUXFROMSCRATCH4ORG HOST REQUIREMENTS THE INSTALL MUST SATISFY ,SEE ALSO - ,LINUX CHAPTER #A ,,LFS ,PREPARATION WHAT THE HOST IS FOR